List of state leaders in 1965
Encyclopedia
1964 state leaders - Events of 1965 - 1966 state leaders - State leaders by year
Africa
- AlgeriaAlgeriaAlgeria , officially the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria , also formally referred to as the Democratic and Popular Republic of Algeria, is a country in the Maghreb region of Northwest Africa with Algiers as its capital.In terms of land area, it is the largest country in Africa and the Arab...
- Head of State -
- Ahmed Ben BellaAhmed Ben BellaMohamed Ahmed Ben Bella was a soldier and Algerian revolutionary, who became the first President of Algeria.-Youth:...
, President of AlgeriaPresident of AlgeriaThe President of Algeria is the head of state and chief executive of Algeria, as well as the Commander-in-Chief of the Algerian armed forces.-History of the office:...
(1963–1965) - Houari BoumedièneHouari BoumedieneHouari Boumedienne served as Algeria's Chairman of the Revolutionary Council from 19 June 1965 until 12 December 1976, and from then on as the fourth President of Algeria to his death on 27 December 1978.- Background :Mohamed Ben Brahim Boukharouba was born near Héliopolis in the province of...
, President of the Revolutionary Council of AlgeriaPresident of AlgeriaThe President of Algeria is the head of state and chief executive of Algeria, as well as the Commander-in-Chief of the Algerian armed forces.-History of the office:...
(1965–1978)
- Ahmed Ben Bella
- Head of State -
- Burundi
- Monarch - Mwambutsa IV Bangiriceng, King of Burundi (1915–1966)
- Prime Minister -
- Albin NyamoyaAlbin NyamoyaAlbin Nyamoya was Prime Minister of Burundi from 6 April 1964 to 7 January 1965 and again from 15 July 1972 to 5 June 1973....
, Prime Minister of Burundi (1964–1965) - Pierre NgendandumwePierre NgendandumwePierre Ngendandumwe was a Burundian political figure. He was a member of the Union for National Progress and was an ethnic Hutu. On June 18, 1963, about a year after Burundi gained independence and amidst efforts to bring about political cooperation between Hutus and the dominant minority Tutsis,...
, Prime Minister of Burundi (1965) - Pié MasumbukoPié MasumbukoPié Masumbuko was a politician as a member of the Union for National Progress and the acting Prime Minister of Burundi from January 15 to January 16 of 1965.He represented the nation of Burundi in signing the Partial Test Ban Treaty in on October 4, 1963....
, Prime Minister of Burundi (1965) - Joseph BaminaJoseph BaminaJoseph Bamina was a Burundian politician .Bamina was Prime Minister from 26 January to 30 September 1965, and President of the Senate of Burundi in 1965...
, Prime Minister of Burundi (1965) - Prince Léopold BihaLéopold BihaPrince Léopold Biha was a Burundian politician and a Tutsi. He was the Prime Minister following the 1965 legislative election. He was the personal secretary of King Mwambutsa IV previous to his appointment as Prime Minister. He was Prime Minister until then Prince Ndizi overthrew his father and...
, Prime Minister of Burundi (1965–1966)
- Albin Nyamoya
- CameroonCameroonCameroon, officially the Republic of Cameroon , is a country in west Central Africa. It is bordered by Nigeria to the west; Chad to the northeast; the Central African Republic to the east; and Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, and the Republic of the Congo to the south. Cameroon's coastline lies on the...
- President - Ahmadou AhidjoAhmadou AhidjoAhmadou Babatoura Ahidjo was the first President of Cameroon from 1960 until 1982.-Early life:Ahidjo was born in Garoua, a major river port along the Benue River in northern Cameroun, which was at the time a French mandate territory...
, President of Cameroon (1960–1982) - Prime Ministers-
- East Cameroon -
- Charles AssaléCharles AssaléCharles Assalé was a Cameroonian politician of the Union of the Peoples of Cameroon. He served as the second Prime Minister of the federated state of East Cameroon from 15 May 1960 to 19 June 1965.-References:...
, Prime Minister of East Cameroon (1960–1965) - Vincent de Paul Ahanda, Prime Minister of East Cameroon (1965)
- Simon Pierre Tchoungui, Prime Minister of East Cameroon (1965–1972)
- Charles Assalé
- West Cameroon -
- John Ngu FonchaJohn Ngu FonchaJohn Ngu Foncha was a Cameroonian politician.He founded the Kamerun National Democratic Party in 1955 and became Premier of the British Cameroons on 1 February 1959...
, Prime Minister of West Cameroon (1959–1965) - Augustine Ngom Jua, Prime Minister of West Cameroon (1965–1968)
- John Ngu Foncha
- East Cameroon -
- President - Ahmadou Ahidjo
- Central African RepublicCentral African RepublicThe Central African Republic , is a landlocked country in Central Africa. It borders Chad in the north, Sudan in the north east, South Sudan in the east, the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Republic of the Congo in the south, and Cameroon in the west. The CAR covers a land area of about ,...
- President - David DackoDavid DackoDavid Dacko was the first President of the Central African Republic , from August 14, 1960 to January 1, 1966, and the third president of the CAR from September 21, 1979 to September 1, 1981...
, President of the Central African RepublicHeads of state of the Central African Republic (and Central African Empire)This is a complete list of the heads of state of the Central African Republic and Central African Empire. There have been five heads of state in the history of the Central African Republic and Central African Empire since independence was obtained from the French on 13 August 1960...
(1960–1966)
- President - David Dacko
- ChadChadChad , officially known as the Republic of Chad, is a landlocked country in Central Africa. It is bordered by Libya to the north, Sudan to the east, the Central African Republic to the south, Cameroon and Nigeria to the southwest, and Niger to the west...
- President - François TombalbayeFrançois TombalbayeFrançois Tombalbaye, also called Ngarta Tombalbaye , was a teacher and a trade union activist who served as the first president of Chad. He was born in the southern region of the country in the Moyen-Chari Prefecture near the city of Koumara and was of the Sara ethnic group, the prominent ethnicity...
, President of ChadHeads of state of Chad-List of Heads of State of Chad:-Affiliations:-External links:**...
(1960–1975) - Prime Minister - François TombalbayeFrançois TombalbayeFrançois Tombalbaye, also called Ngarta Tombalbaye , was a teacher and a trade union activist who served as the first president of Chad. He was born in the southern region of the country in the Moyen-Chari Prefecture near the city of Koumara and was of the Sara ethnic group, the prominent ethnicity...
, Prime Minister of Chad (1959–1975)
- President - François Tombalbaye
- Congo–Brazzaville (Republic of the Congo)Republic of the CongoThe Republic of the Congo , sometimes known locally as Congo-Brazzaville, is a state in Central Africa. It is bordered by Gabon, Cameroon, the Central African Republic, the Democratic Republic of the Congo , the Angolan exclave province of Cabinda, and the Gulf of Guinea.The region was dominated by...
- President - Alphonse Massemba-DébatAlphonse Massemba-DébatAlphonse Massamba-Debat was a political figure of the Republic of the Congo who led the country from 1963 until 1968....
, President of the Republic of CongoHeads of state of the Republic of the Congo-List of Heads of State of the Republic of the Congo :-Affiliations:-See also:*Congo*Republic of the Congo**List of heads of government of the Republic of the Congo...
(1963–1968) - Prime Minister - Pascal LissoubaPascal LissoubaPascal Lissouba was the first democratically elected President of the Republic of the Congo from August 31, 1992 to October 15, 1997. He was overthrown by the current President Denis Sassou Nguesso in the 1997 civil war....
, Prime Minister of the Republic of CongoHeads of government of the Republic of the Congo-List of Heads of Government of the Republic of the Congo :-Affiliations:-See also:*Congo*Republic of the Congo**List of heads of state of the Republic of the Congo...
(1963–1966)
- President - Alphonse Massemba-Débat
- Congo–Léopoldville (Democratic Republic of the Congo)Democratic Republic of the CongoThe Democratic Republic of the Congo is a state located in Central Africa. It is the second largest country in Africa by area and the eleventh largest in the world...
- President -
- Joseph Kasa-VubuJoseph Kasa-VubuJoseph Kasa-Vubu was the first President of the Republic of the Congo, today called Democratic Republic of the Congo....
, President of the Democratic Republic of the CongoHeads of state of the Democratic Republic of the CongoThis is the list of the Heads of State of the Democratic Republic of the Congo since independence in 1960. The current head of state is President Joseph Kabila, since 26 January 2001.-Heads of State:-Affiliations:...
(1960–1965) - Joseph-Désiré Mobutu, President of the Democratic Republic of the CongoHeads of state of the Democratic Republic of the CongoThis is the list of the Heads of State of the Democratic Republic of the Congo since independence in 1960. The current head of state is President Joseph Kabila, since 26 January 2001.-Heads of State:-Affiliations:...
(1965–1994)
- Joseph Kasa-Vubu
- Prime Minister -
- Moise TshombeMoise TshombeMoïse Kapenda Tshombe was a Congolese politician.- Biography :He was the son of a successful Congolese businessman and was born in Musumba, Congo. He received his education from an American missionary school and later trained as an accountant...
, Prime Minister of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (1964–1965) - Évariste KimbaÉvariste KimbaEvariste Kimba served briefly as the Republic of the Congo's Prime Minister from October 18 to November 14, 1965. A protégé of President Joseph Kasavubu, he fell foul of Kasavubu's main enemy Joseph Mobutu , who became the chief Congolese strongman in November 1965...
, Prime Minister of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (1965) - Léonard Mulumba, Prime Minister of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (1965–1966)
- Moise Tshombe
- President -
- DahomeyRepublic of DahomeyThe Republic of Dahomey was established on December 11, 1958, as a self-governing colony within the French Community. Prior to attaining autonomy it had been French Dahomey, part of the French Union...
- President -
- Sourou-Migan ApithySourou-Migan ApithySourou-Migan Marcellin Joseph Apithy was a Beninese political figure most active when his country was known as Dahomey. He arose on a political scene where one's power was dictated by what region in Dahomey they lived....
, President of Dahomey (1964–1965) - Justin Ahomadégbé-TomêtinJustin Ahomadegbé-TomêtinJustin Ahomadegbé-Tomêtin was a Beninese politician most active when his country was known as Dahomey. He arose on a political scene where one's power was dictated by what region in Dahomey they lived...
, Acting President of Dahomey (1965) - Tahirou CongacouTahirou CongacouTahirou Congacou was a Beninese politician, most active during the 1960s, when his country was known as Dahomey. He served as speaker of the National Assembly from 1964 to 1965, and in that capacity served as acting President of Benin from 29 November 1965 to 22 December 1965...
, Acting President of Dahomey (1965) - Christophe SogloChristophe SogloChristophe Soglo was a Beninese military officer and political leader and one of the most important figures in Benin's period of political instability and frequent, though usually bloodless, coups during the 1960s.-Biography:...
, President of Dahomey (1965–1967)
- Sourou-Migan Apithy
- Prime Minister -
- Justin Ahomadégbé-TomêtinJustin Ahomadegbé-TomêtinJustin Ahomadegbé-Tomêtin was a Beninese politician most active when his country was known as Dahomey. He arose on a political scene where one's power was dictated by what region in Dahomey they lived...
, Prime Minister of Dahomey (1964–1965) - Christophe SogloChristophe SogloChristophe Soglo was a Beninese military officer and political leader and one of the most important figures in Benin's period of political instability and frequent, though usually bloodless, coups during the 1960s.-Biography:...
, Prime Minister of Dahomey (1965–1967)
- Justin Ahomadégbé-Tomêtin
- President -
- EthiopiaEthiopian EmpireThe Ethiopian Empire also known as Abyssinia, covered a geographical area that the present-day northern half of Ethiopia and Eritrea covers, and included in its peripheries Zeila, Djibouti, Yemen and Western Saudi Arabia...
- Monarch - Haile Selassie I, Emperor of EthiopiaEmperor of EthiopiaThe Emperor of Ethiopia was the hereditary ruler of Ethiopia until the abolition of the monarchy in 1974. The Emperor was the head of state and head of government, with ultimate executive, judicial and legislative power in that country...
(1941–1974) - Prime Minister - Aklilu Habte-WoldAklilu Habte-WoldTsehafi Taezaz Aklilu Habte-Wold was an Ethiopian politician under Emperor Haile Selassie. He was foreign minister of Ethiopia from 1947 to 1958 and Prime Minister from 1961 until shortly before his death....
, Prime Minister of Ethiopia (1961–1974)
- Monarch - Haile Selassie I, Emperor of Ethiopia
- GabonGabonGabon , officially the Gabonese Republic is a state in west central Africa sharing borders with Equatorial Guinea to the northwest, Cameroon to the north, and with the Republic of the Congo curving around the east and south. The Gulf of Guinea, an arm of the Atlantic Ocean is to the west...
- President - Léon M'baLéon M'baGabriel Léon M'ba was the first Prime Minister and President of Gabon. A member of the Fang ethnic group, M'ba was born into a relatively privileged village family. After studying at a seminary, he held a number of small jobs before entering the colonial administration as a customs agent...
, President of Gabon (1964–1967)
- President - Léon M'ba
- The GambiaThe Gambia (commonwealth realm)The commonwealth realm of the Gambia, known simply officially as 'the Gambia', was a predecessor to modern-day Gambia and an independent state that existed between 1965 and 1970....
- gained independence on 18 February 1965
- Monarch - Elizabeth IIElizabeth II of the United KingdomElizabeth II is the constitutional monarch of 16 sovereign states known as the Commonwealth realms: the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Jamaica, Barbados, the Bahamas, Grenada, Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, Tuvalu, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Belize,...
, Queen of The GambiaCommonwealth RealmA Commonwealth realm is a sovereign state within the Commonwealth of Nations that has Elizabeth II as its monarch and head of state. The sixteen current realms have a combined land area of 18.8 million km² , and a population of 134 million, of which all, except about two million, live in the six...
(1965–1970) - Governor-General - Sir John Warburton PaulJohn Warburton PaulSir John Warburton Paul, GCMG, OBE, MC was a British government official, best known as a prolific administrator for 20 years of various British overseas territories around the world...
, Governor of The Gambia (1962–1965), Governor-General of The Gambia (1965–1966) - Prime Minister - Dawda JawaraDawda JawaraSir Dawda Kairaba Jawara, GCMG was the first leader of The Gambia, serving first as Prime Minister from 1962 to 1970 and then as President from 1970 to 1994....
, Prime Minister of The GambiaHeads of Government of the Gambia-List of Heads of Government of The Gambia:-Affiliations:*UP - United Party*PPP - People's Progressive Party*APRC - Alliance for Patriotic Reorientation and Construction...
(1962–1970)
- GhanaGhanaGhana , officially the Republic of Ghana, is a country located in West Africa. It is bordered by Côte d'Ivoire to the west, Burkina Faso to the north, Togo to the east, and the Gulf of Guinea to the south...
- President - Kwame NkrumahKwame NkrumahKwame Nkrumah was the leader of Ghana and its predecessor state, the Gold Coast, from 1952 to 1966. Overseeing the nation's independence from British colonial rule in 1957, Nkrumah was the first President of Ghana and the first Prime Minister of Ghana...
, President for Life of GhanaHeads of state of GhanaPrior to independence in 1957, Ghana was known as the British colony of Gold Coast. Before then it had been divided among a number of states, by far the largest of which was the Ashanti Empire, whose rulers were known as the Asantehene....
(1960–1966)
- President - Kwame Nkrumah
- GuineaGuineaGuinea , officially the Republic of Guinea , is a country in West Africa. Formerly known as French Guinea , it is today sometimes called Guinea-Conakry to distinguish it from its neighbour Guinea-Bissau. Guinea is divided into eight administrative regions and subdivided into thirty-three prefectures...
- President - Ahmed Sékou TouréAhmed Sékou TouréAhmed Sékou Touré was an African political leader and President of Guinea from 1958 to his death in 1984...
, President of Guinea (1958–1984)
- President - Ahmed Sékou Touré
- Ivory CoastCôte d'IvoireThe Republic of Côte d'Ivoire or Ivory Coast is a country in West Africa. It has an area of , and borders the countries Liberia, Guinea, Mali, Burkina Faso and Ghana; its southern boundary is along the Gulf of Guinea. The country's population was 15,366,672 in 1998 and was estimated to be...
- President - Félix Houphouët-BoignyFélix Houphouët-BoignyFélix Houphouët-Boigny , affectionately called Papa Houphouët or Le Vieux, was the first President of Côte d'Ivoire. Originally a village chief, he worked as a doctor, an administrator of a plantation, and a union leader, before being elected to the French Parliament and serving in a number of...
, President of Ivory Coast (1960–1993)
- President - Félix Houphouët-Boigny
- KenyaKenyaKenya , officially known as the Republic of Kenya, is a country in East Africa that lies on the equator, with the Indian Ocean to its south-east...
- President - Jomo KenyattaJomo KenyattaJomo Kenyattapron.] served as the first Prime Minister and President of Kenya. He is considered the founding father of the Kenyan nation....
, President of Kenya (1964–1978)
- President - Jomo Kenyatta
- LiberiaLiberiaLiberia , officially the Republic of Liberia, is a country in West Africa. It is bordered by Sierra Leone on the west, Guinea on the north and Côte d'Ivoire on the east. Liberia's coastline is composed of mostly mangrove forests while the more sparsely populated inland consists of forests that open...
- President - William TubmanWilliam TubmanWilliam Vacanarat Shadrach Tubman was a Liberian politician. He was the 19th President of Liberia from 1944 until his death in 1971....
, President of Liberia (1944–1971)
- President - William Tubman
- LibyaKingdom of LibyaThe Kingdom of Libya, originally called the United Libyan Kingdom came into existence upon independence on 24 December 1951 and lasted until a coup d'état led by Muammar Gaddafi on 1 September 1969 overthrew King Idris of Libya and established the Libyan Arab Republic.- Constitution :Under the...
- Monarch - Idris, King of Libya (1951–1969)
- Prime Minister -
- Mahmud al-MuntasirMahmud al-MuntasirMahmud al-Muntasir was the first Prime minister of Libya from 29 March 1951 to 19 February 1954, and his second term was from 20 January 1964 to 20 March 1965...
, Prime Minister of Libya (1964–1965) - Hussein MaziqHussein MaziqHussein Yousef Maziq a Libyan politician was Prime Minister of Libya from 20 March 1965 to 2 July 1967. He was one of the most important men in the Kingdom era of Libya.-Family background:...
, Prime Minister of Libya (1965–1967)
- Mahmud al-Muntasir
- Malagasy Republic
- President - Philibert TsirananaPhilibert TsirananaPhilibert Tsiranana was a Malagasy politician and leader, who served as the first President of Madagascar from 1959 to 1972....
, President of Malagasy Republic (1959–1972)
- President - Philibert Tsiranana
- MalawiMalawi (commonwealth realm)The commonwealth realm of Malawi, known simply officially as 'Malawi', was a predecessor to modern-day Republic of Malawi and an independent state that existed between 1964 and 1966...
- Monarch - Elizabeth IIElizabeth II of the United KingdomElizabeth II is the constitutional monarch of 16 sovereign states known as the Commonwealth realms: the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Jamaica, Barbados, the Bahamas, Grenada, Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, Tuvalu, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Belize,...
, Queen of MalawiCommonwealth RealmA Commonwealth realm is a sovereign state within the Commonwealth of Nations that has Elizabeth II as its monarch and head of state. The sixteen current realms have a combined land area of 18.8 million km² , and a population of 134 million, of which all, except about two million, live in the six...
(1964–1966) - Governor-General - Sir Glyn Smallwood JonesGlyn Smallwood JonesSir Glyn Smallwood Jones, GCMG, MBE , was a British colonial administrator in Southern Africa. He was the last governor of Nyasaland from 1961 until it achieved independence in 1964. He served as the only Governor-General of Malawi from 1964 until it became a republic in 1966...
, Governor-General of Malawi (1961–1966) - Prime Minister - Hastings BandaHastings BandaHastings Kamuzu Banda was the leader of Malawi and its predecessor state, Nyasaland, from 1961 to 1994. After receiving much of his education overseas, Banda returned to his home country to speak against colonialism and advocate for independence...
, Prime Minister of Malawi (1963–1966)
- Monarch - Elizabeth II
- MaliMaliMali , officially the Republic of Mali , is a landlocked country in Western Africa. Mali borders Algeria on the north, Niger on the east, Burkina Faso and the Côte d'Ivoire on the south, Guinea on the south-west, and Senegal and Mauritania on the west. Its size is just over 1,240,000 km² with...
- Head of State - Modibo KeïtaModibo KeïtaModibo Keita ; was the first President of Mali and the Prime Minister of the Mali Federation. He espoused a form of African socialism.-Youth:...
, Chief of State of Mali (1960–1968) - Prime Minister - Modibo KeïtaModibo KeïtaModibo Keita ; was the first President of Mali and the Prime Minister of the Mali Federation. He espoused a form of African socialism.-Youth:...
, Prime Minister of Mali (1959–1965)
- Head of State - Modibo Keïta
- MauritaniaMauritaniaMauritania is a country in the Maghreb and West Africa. It is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean in the west, by Western Sahara in the north, by Algeria in the northeast, by Mali in the east and southeast, and by Senegal in the southwest...
- President - Moktar Ould DaddahMoktar Ould DaddahMoktar Ould Daddah was the President of Mauritania from 1960, when his country gained its independence from France, to 1978, when he was deposed in a military coup d'etat.- Background :...
, President of Mauritania (1960–1978)
- President - Moktar Ould Daddah
- MoroccoMoroccoMorocco , officially the Kingdom of Morocco , is a country located in North Africa. It has a population of more than 32 million and an area of 710,850 km², and also primarily administers the disputed region of the Western Sahara...
-- Monarch - Hassan IIHassan II of MoroccoKing Hassan II l-ḥasan aṯ-ṯānī, dial. el-ḥasan ettâni); July 9, 1929 – July 23, 1999) was King of Morocco from 1961 until his death in 1999...
, King of Morocco (1961–1999) - Prime Minister - Ahmed BahniniAhmed BahniniAhmed Bahnini was a Moroccan politician during the reign of King Hassan II. He was the Prime Minister of Morocco between November 13, 1963 and June 7, 1965. He also served as President of the Supreme Court...
, Prime Minister of Morocco (1963–1965)
- Monarch - Hassan II
- NigerNigerNiger , officially named the Republic of Niger, is a landlocked country in Western Africa, named after the Niger River. It borders Nigeria and Benin to the south, Burkina Faso and Mali to the west, Algeria and Libya to the north and Chad to the east...
- President - Hamani DioriHamani DioriHamani Diori was the first President of the Republic of Niger. He was appointed to that office in 1960, when Niger gained independence.- Youth :...
, President of NigerHeads of state of Niger-List of Heads of State of Niger:-Affiliations:-See also:*Niger*List of colonial heads of Niger*Heads of Government of Niger*Lists of Incumbents-References:*...
(1960–1974)
- President - Hamani Diori
- NigeriaNigeriaNigeria , officially the Federal Republic of Nigeria, is a federal constitutional republic comprising 36 states and its Federal Capital Territory, Abuja. The country is located in West Africa and shares land borders with the Republic of Benin in the west, Chad and Cameroon in the east, and Niger in...
-- President - Nnamdi AzikiweNnamdi AzikiweBenjamin Nnamdi Azikiwe , usually referred to as Nnamdi Azikiwe and popularly known as "Zik", was one of the leading figures of modern Nigerian nationalism who became the first President of Nigeria after Nigeria secured its independence from the United Kingdom on 1 October 1960; holding the...
, President of NigeriaPresident of NigeriaThe President of Nigeria is the Head of State and head of the national executive. Officially styled President of the Federal Republic of Nigeria and Commander-in-Chief of the Nigerian Armed Forces. The current President of Nigeria is Goodluck Jonathan.-History:On October 1, 1960, Nigeria gained...
(1960–1966) - Prime Minister - Sir Abubakar Tafawa BalewaAbubakar Tafawa BalewaAlhaji Sir Abubakar Tafawa Balewa, KBE was a Nigerian politician, and the only prime minister of an independent Nigeria. Originally a trained teacher, he became a vocal leader for Northern interest as one of the few educated Nigerians of his time...
, Prime Minister of Nigeria (1957–1966)
- President - Nnamdi Azikiwe
- RhodesiaRhodesiaRhodesia , officially the Republic of Rhodesia from 1970, was an unrecognised state located in southern Africa that existed between 1965 and 1979 following its Unilateral Declaration of Independence from the United Kingdom on 11 November 1965...
(unrecognized, de facto independent country)- Southern RhodesiaSouthern RhodesiaSouthern Rhodesia was the name of the British colony situated north of the Limpopo River and the Union of South Africa. From its independence in 1965 until its extinction in 1980, it was known as Rhodesia...
declared independence on 11 November 1965 - Monarch - Elizabeth IIElizabeth II of the United KingdomElizabeth II is the constitutional monarch of 16 sovereign states known as the Commonwealth realms: the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Jamaica, Barbados, the Bahamas, Grenada, Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, Tuvalu, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Belize,...
, Queen of RhodesiaCommonwealth RealmA Commonwealth realm is a sovereign state within the Commonwealth of Nations that has Elizabeth II as its monarch and head of state. The sixteen current realms have a combined land area of 18.8 million km² , and a population of 134 million, of which all, except about two million, live in the six...
(unacknowledged by her) (1965–1970) - Governor - Sir Humphrey GibbsHumphrey GibbsSir Humphrey Vicary Gibbs, GCVO, KCMG, OBE was the penultimate Governor of the colony of Southern Rhodesia who served through, and opposed, the Unilateral Declaration of Independence in 1965....
, Governor of Southern Rhodesia (1959–1969) - Officer Administering the Government - Clifford DupontClifford DupontClifford Walter Dupont, GCLM ID was a British-born Rhodesian politician who served in the internationally unrecognised positions of Officer Administrating the Government and President...
, Officer Administering the Government of Rhodesia (1965–1975) - Prime Minister - Ian SmithIan SmithIan Douglas Smith GCLM ID was a politician active in the government of Southern Rhodesia, the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland, Rhodesia, Zimbabwe Rhodesia and Zimbabwe from 1948 to 1987, most notably serving as Prime Minister of Rhodesia from 13 April 1964 to 1 June 1979...
, Prime Minister of RhodesiaPrime Minister of RhodesiaThe Prime Minister of Rhodesia was the head of government in the colony of Rhodesia. Rhodesia's political system was modelled on the Westminster system and the Prime Minister's role was similar to that of the same position in other countries such as the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New...
(1965–1979)
- Southern Rhodesia
- RwandaRwandaRwanda or , officially the Republic of Rwanda , is a country in central and eastern Africa with a population of approximately 11.4 million . Rwanda is located a few degrees south of the Equator, and is bordered by Uganda, Tanzania, Burundi and the Democratic Republic of the Congo...
- President - Grégoire KayibandaGrégoire KayibandaGrégoire Kayibanda was the first elected and second President of the Republic of Rwanda. He led Rwanda's struggle for independence from Belgium, and replaced the Tutsi monarchy with a republican form of government. He asserted Hutu majority power.-Early life and education:Grégoire Kayibanda was...
, President of Rwanda (1961–1973)
- President - Grégoire Kayibanda
- SenegalSenegalSenegal , officially the Republic of Senegal , is a country in western Africa. It owes its name to the Sénégal River that borders it to the east and north...
- President - Léopold Sédar SenghorLéopold Sédar SenghorLéopold Sédar Senghor was a Senegalese poet, politician, and cultural theorist who for two decades served as the first president of Senegal . Senghor was the first African elected as a member of the Académie française. Before independence, he founded the political party called the Senegalese...
, President of Senegal (1960–1980)
- President - Léopold Sédar Senghor
- Sierra LeoneSierra Leone (commonwealth realm)The commonwealth realm of Sierra Leone, known officially simply as Sierra Leone, was a predecessor to modern-day Sierra Leone and an independent state and that existed between 27 April 1967 and 19 April 1971. It was the African country with the longest tenure as a commonwealth realm...
- Monarch - Elizabeth IIElizabeth II of the United KingdomElizabeth II is the constitutional monarch of 16 sovereign states known as the Commonwealth realms: the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Jamaica, Barbados, the Bahamas, Grenada, Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, Tuvalu, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Belize,...
, Queen of Sierra LeoneCommonwealth RealmA Commonwealth realm is a sovereign state within the Commonwealth of Nations that has Elizabeth II as its monarch and head of state. The sixteen current realms have a combined land area of 18.8 million km² , and a population of 134 million, of which all, except about two million, live in the six...
(1961–1971) - Governor-General - Sir Henry Josiah Lightfoot BostonHenry Josiah Lightfoot BostonSir Henry Josiah Lightfoot Boston was a Sierra Leonean diplomat and politician. He was the first indigenous Governor-General of Sierra Leone...
, Governor-General of Sierra Leone (1962–1967) - Prime Minister - Sir Albert MargaiAlbert MargaiSir Albert Michael Margai was the second prime minister of Sierra Leone and the half-brother of Sir Milton Margai, the country's first Prime Minister...
, Prime Minister of Sierra Leone (1964–1967)
- Monarch - Elizabeth II
- SomaliaSomaliaSomalia , officially the Somali Republic and formerly known as the Somali Democratic Republic under Socialist rule, is a country located in the Horn of Africa. Since the outbreak of the Somali Civil War in 1991 there has been no central government control over most of the country's territory...
- President - Aden Abdullah Osman DaarAden Abdullah Osman DaarAden Abdulle Osman Daar , popularly known as Aadan Cadde, was a Somali politician and the country's first President from July 1, 1960 to June 10, 1967.-Biography:...
, President of Somalia (1960–1967) - Prime Minister - Abdirizak Haji HusseinAbdirizak Haji HusseinAbdirizak Haji Hussein was Prime Minister of Somalia from 14 June 1964 to 15 July 1967.-Biography:Hussein was born in 1924 to a Majerteen Darod family in Galkacyo, the capital of the north-central Mudug region of Somalia...
, Prime Minister of SomaliaPrime Minister of SomaliaThis page contains a list of the Prime Ministers of Somalia.-Prime Ministers of Somalia :-Affiliations:*SYL - Somali Youth League*SNL - Somali National League...
(1964–1967)
- President - Aden Abdullah Osman Daar
- South AfricaSouth AfricaThe Republic of South Africa is a country in southern Africa. Located at the southern tip of Africa, it is divided into nine provinces, with of coastline on the Atlantic and Indian oceans...
- President - Charles Robberts SwartCharles Robberts SwartCharles Robberts Swart served as the last Governor-General of Union of South Africa from 1960 to 1961 and the first State President of the Republic of South Africa from 1961 to 1967.-Early life:...
, State President of South AfricaState President of South AfricaState President, or Staatspresident in Afrikaans, was the title of South Africa's head of state from 1961 to 1994. The office was established when the country became a republic in 1961, and Queen Elizabeth II ceased to be head of state...
(1961–1967) - Prime Minister - Hendrik Verwoerd, Prime Minister of South Africa (1958–1966)
- President - Charles Robberts Swart
- SudanSudanSudan , officially the Republic of the Sudan , is a country in North Africa, sometimes considered part of the Middle East politically. It is bordered by Egypt to the north, the Red Sea to the northeast, Eritrea and Ethiopia to the east, South Sudan to the south, the Central African Republic to the...
- Head of State -
- Committee of Sovereignty, Head of State of Sudan (1964–1965)
- Ismail al-AzhariIsmail al-AzhariIsmail al-Azhari was a Sudanese nationalist and political figure. He served as the Prime Minister of Sudan between 1954 and 1956, and as President of Sudan from 1964 until he was overthrown by Gaafar Nimeiry in 1969.-Early life:...
, Chairman of the Sovereignty Council of Sudan (1965–1969)
- Prime Minister -
- Sirr Al-Khatim Al-KhalifaSirr Al-Khatim Al-KhalifaSirr Al-Khatim Al-Khalifa Al-Hassan was a Sudanese politician, ambassador and an elite educator. Famous for his great legacy in education and founding prints for Ministry of Education in Sudan, and as the Prime Minister in the October Regime....
, Prime Minister of SudanPrime minister of Sudan-List of heads of government of Sudan:-Affiliations:*UNF - United National Front*NUP - National Unionist Party*DUP - Democratic Unionist Party...
(1964–1965) - Muhammad Ahmad MahgoubMuhammad Ahmad MahgoubMuhammad Ahmad Mahgoub was a former foreign minister, then Prime Minister, of Sudan and an important writer who has published several volumes of poetry in the Arabic language....
, Prime Minister of SudanPrime minister of Sudan-List of heads of government of Sudan:-Affiliations:*UNF - United National Front*NUP - National Unionist Party*DUP - Democratic Unionist Party...
(1965–1966)
- Sirr Al-Khatim Al-Khalifa
- Head of State -
- TanzaniaTanzaniaThe United Republic of Tanzania is a country in East Africa bordered by Kenya and Uganda to the north, Rwanda, Burundi, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the west, and Zambia, Malawi, and Mozambique to the south. The country's eastern borders lie on the Indian Ocean.Tanzania is a state...
- President - Julius NyerereJulius NyerereJulius Kambarage Nyerere was a Tanzanian politician who served as the first President of Tanzania and previously Tanganyika, from the country's founding in 1961 until his retirement in 1985....
, President of Tanzania (1962–1985)
- President - Julius Nyerere
- TogoTogoTogo, officially the Togolese Republic , is a country in West Africa bordered by Ghana to the west, Benin to the east and Burkina Faso to the north. It extends south to the Gulf of Guinea, on which the capital Lomé is located. Togo covers an area of approximately with a population of approximately...
- President - Nicolas GrunitzkyNicolas GrunitzkyNicolas Grunitzky was the third president of Togo. He was President from 1963 to 1967.-Biography:He was born in Atakpamé to a German father and a Togolese mother. He studied civil engineering at the ESTP in Paris and was a public administrator before leaving to form his own company...
, President of Togo (1963–1967)
- President - Nicolas Grunitzky
- TunisiaTunisiaTunisia , officially the Tunisian RepublicThe long name of Tunisia in other languages used in the country is: , is the northernmost country in Africa. It is a Maghreb country and is bordered by Algeria to the west, Libya to the southeast, and the Mediterranean Sea to the north and east. Its area...
- President - Habib BourguibaHabib BourguibaHabib Bourguiba was a Tunisian statesman, the Founder and the first President of the Republic of Tunisia from July 25, 1957 until 7 November 1987...
, President of TunisiaPresident of TunisiaThe President of Tunisia, formally known as the President of the Tunisian Republic is the head of state of Tunisia. Tunisia is a presidential republic in which the president is the head of the executive branch of government with the assistance of the Prime Minister of Tunisia, formally the head of...
(1957–1987)
- President - Habib Bourguiba
- UgandaUgandaUganda , officially the Republic of Uganda, is a landlocked country in East Africa. Uganda is also known as the "Pearl of Africa". It is bordered on the east by Kenya, on the north by South Sudan, on the west by the Democratic Republic of the Congo, on the southwest by Rwanda, and on the south by...
- President - Sir Edward MutesaMutesa II of BugandaMajor General Sir Edward Frederick William David Walugembe Mutebi Luwangula Mutesa II KBE , was Kabaka of the Kingdom of Buganda from November 22, 1939 until his death. He was the thirty-fifth Kabaka of Buganda and the first President of Uganda...
, President of UgandaPresident of Uganda-List of Presidents of Uganda:-Affiliations:-See also:*Uganda*Vice President of Uganda*Prime Minister of Uganda*Politics of Uganda*History of Uganda*Political parties of Uganda...
(1963–1966) - Prime Minister - Milton OboteMilton OboteApolo Milton Obote , Prime Minister of Uganda from 1962 to 1966 and President of Uganda from 1966 to 1971, then again from 1980 to 1985. He was a Ugandan political leader who led Uganda towards independence from the British colonial administration in 1962.He was overthrown by Idi Amin in 1971, but...
, Prime Minister of UgandaPrime Minister of Uganda-List of Prime Ministers of Uganda:-Affiliations:-See also:*Uganda*President of Uganda*Vice President of Uganda*Politics of Uganda*History of Uganda*Political parties of Uganda...
(1962–1966)
- President - Sir Edward Mutesa
- United Arab Republic (Egypt)United Arab RepublicThe United Arab Republic , often abbreviated as the U.A.R., was a sovereign union between Egypt and Syria. The union began in 1958 and existed until 1961, when Syria seceded from the union. Egypt continued to be known officially as the "United Arab Republic" until 1971. The President was Gamal...
- President - Gamal Abdel NasserGamal Abdel NasserGamal Abdel Nasser Hussein was the second President of Egypt from 1956 until his death. A colonel in the Egyptian army, Nasser led the Egyptian Revolution of 1952 along with Muhammad Naguib, the first president, which overthrew the monarchy of Egypt and Sudan, and heralded a new period of...
, President of the United Arab RepublicPresident of EgyptThe President of the Arab Republic of Egypt is the head of state of Egypt.Under the Constitution of Egypt, the president is also the supreme commander of the armed forces and head of the executive branch of the Egyptian government....
(1954–1970) - Prime Minister -
- Ali SabriAli SabriAli Sabri was an Egyptian politician of Turkish origin.He was one of the second row of 1952 revolution officers, he was the head of Egyptian General Intelligence Directorate from 1956 to 1957...
, Prime Minister of the United Arab Republic (1962–1965) - Zakaria MohieddinZakaria MohieddinZakaria Mohieddin was an Egyptian military officer, politician, Prime Minister of Egypt and head of the first Intelligence body in Egypt, the Egyptian General Intelligence Directorate.-Overview:...
, Prime Minister of the United Arab Republic (1965–1966)
- Ali Sabri
- President - Gamal Abdel Nasser
- Upper VoltaRepublic of Upper VoltaThe Republic of Upper Volta was established on December 11, 1958, as a self-governing colony within the French Community. Before attaining autonomy it had been French Upper Volta and part of the French Union. On August 5, 1960 it attained full independence from France.Thomas Sankara came to power...
- President - Maurice YaméogoMaurice YaméogoMaurice Yaméogo was the first President of the Republic of Upper Volta, now called Burkina Faso. He proclaimed the independence of the country on August 5, 1960 and also tried to create a union between Cote d'Ivoire and Upper-Volta...
, President of Upper Volta (1959–1966)
- President - Maurice Yaméogo
- ZambiaZambiaZambia , officially the Republic of Zambia, is a landlocked country in Southern Africa. The neighbouring countries are the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the north, Tanzania to the north-east, Malawi to the east, Mozambique, Zimbabwe, Botswana and Namibia to the south, and Angola to the west....
- President - Kenneth KaundaKenneth KaundaKenneth David Kaunda, known as KK, served as the first President of Zambia, from 1964 to 1991.-Early life:Kaunda was the youngest of eight children. He was born at Lubwa Mission in Chinsali, Northern Province of Northern Rhodesia, now Zambia...
, President of Zambia (1964–1991)
- President - Kenneth Kaunda
Asia
- AfghanistanKingdom of AfghanistanThe Kingdom of Afghanistan was an Islamic monarchy in south Central Asia established in 1926 as a successor state to the Emirate of Afghanistan, following the ascension to the throne by Amanullah Khan and his proclaming Afghanistan a kingdom in 1926, after 7 years on the throne...
- Monarch - Mohammed Zahir ShahMohammed Zahir ShahMohammed Zahir Shah was the last King of Afghanistan, reigning for four decades, from 1933 until he was ousted by a coup in 1973...
, King of Afghanistan (1933–1973) - Prime Minister -
- Mohammad Yusuf, Prime Minister of AfghanistanPrime Minister of AfghanistanThe Prime Minister of Afghanistan is a currently defunct post in the Afghan Government.The position was created in 1927, and was appointed by the king, mostly as an advisor, until the end of the monarchy in 1973...
(1963–1965) - Mohammad Hashim MaiwandwalMohammad Hashim MaiwandwalMohammad Hashim Maiwandwal was an Afghan politician during the reign of Zahir Shah.-Biography:After graduating from high school, Mohammad Hashim became a journalist, editing several newspapers...
, Prime Minister of AfghanistanPrime Minister of AfghanistanThe Prime Minister of Afghanistan is a currently defunct post in the Afghan Government.The position was created in 1927, and was appointed by the king, mostly as an advisor, until the end of the monarchy in 1973...
(1965–1967)
- Mohammad Yusuf, Prime Minister of Afghanistan
- Monarch - Mohammed Zahir Shah
- BhutanBhutanBhutan , officially the Kingdom of Bhutan, is a landlocked state in South Asia, located at the eastern end of the Himalayas and bordered to the south, east and west by the Republic of India and to the north by the People's Republic of China...
- Monarch - Jigme Dorji WangchuckJigme Dorji WangchuckJigme Dorji Wangchuck was the Third Druk Gyalpo of Bhutan.He began to open Bhutan to the outside world, began modernization, and took the first steps toward democratization...
, King of Bhutan (1952–1972)
- Monarch - Jigme Dorji Wangchuck
- Burma
- President - Ne WinNe WinNe Win was Burmese a politician and military commander. He was Prime Minister of Burma from 1958 to 1960 and 1962 to 1974 and also head of state from 1962 to 1981...
, President of BurmaPresident of BurmaThe President of Burma is the head of state and head of government of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar, and leads the executive branch of the Burmese government, and heads the Cabinet of Burma. The president is elected by members of parliament, not by the general population. The Presidential...
(1962–1981) - Prime Minister - Ne WinNe WinNe Win was Burmese a politician and military commander. He was Prime Minister of Burma from 1958 to 1960 and 1962 to 1974 and also head of state from 1962 to 1981...
, Prime Minister of Burma (1962–1974)
- President - Ne Win
- Cambodia
- Head of State - Prince Norodom SihanoukNorodom SihanoukNorodom Sihanouk regular script was the King of Cambodia from 1941 to 1955 and again from 1993 until his semi-retirement and voluntary abdication on 7 October 2004 in favor of his son, the current King Norodom Sihamoni...
, Head of State of Cambodia (1960–1970) - Prime Minister - Prince Norodom Kantol, Prime Minister of CambodiaPrime Minister of CambodiaThe Prime Minister of Cambodia , is the head of government of the Kingdom of Cambodia. Prime Minister is appointed by the King under Article 119 of the Constitution and is responsible for leading the government of the Kingdom.-Constitutional powers:The powers of the Prime Minister are established...
(1962–1966)
- Head of State - Prince Norodom Sihanouk
- CeylonDominion of CeylonThe Dominion of Ceylon, known today as Sri Lanka, was a dominion, in the British Empire between 1948 and 1972. In 1948, British Ceylon was granted independence as the Dominion of Ceylon. In 1972, the Dominion of Ceylon became a republic within the Commonwealth, and its name was changed to Sri Lanka...
- Monarch - Elizabeth IIElizabeth II of the United KingdomElizabeth II is the constitutional monarch of 16 sovereign states known as the Commonwealth realms: the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Jamaica, Barbados, the Bahamas, Grenada, Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, Tuvalu, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Belize,...
, Queen of CeylonCommonwealth RealmA Commonwealth realm is a sovereign state within the Commonwealth of Nations that has Elizabeth II as its monarch and head of state. The sixteen current realms have a combined land area of 18.8 million km² , and a population of 134 million, of which all, except about two million, live in the six...
(1952–1972) - Governor-General - William GopallawaWilliam GopallawaWilliam Gopallawa , MBE was the last Governor General of Ceylon from 1962 to 1972 and became the first President of Sri Lanka when Ceylon declared itself a republic in 1972 and changed its name to Sri Lanka...
, Governor-General of CeylonGovernor-General of CeylonThe Governor-General of Ceylon was the representative of the Ceylonese monarch, and head of state, who held the title of Queen of Ceylon from 1948 when the country became independent as a Dominion until the country became the republic of Sri Lanka in 1972.-Role:The monarch, on the advice of the...
(1962–1978) - Prime Minister -
- Sirimavo BandaranaikeSirimavo BandaranaikeSirimavo Ratwatte Dias Bandaranaike was a Sri Lankan politician and the world's first female head of government...
, Prime Minister of Ceylon (1960–1965) - Dudley SenanayakeDudley SenanayakeDudley Shelton Senanayake was a Ceylonese politician, who became the second Prime Minister of Ceylon and went on to become prime minister on 2 more times during the 1950s and 1960s.-Early life:Dudley was born on 19 June, 1911 as the eldest son to Molly Dunuwila and Don Stephen Senanayake, who...
, Prime Minister of Ceylon (1965–1970)
- Sirimavo Bandaranaike
- Monarch - Elizabeth II
- China (People's Republic of China)People's Republic of ChinaChina , officially the People's Republic of China , is the most populous country in the world, with over 1.3 billion citizens. Located in East Asia, the country covers approximately 9.6 million square kilometres...
- Communist Party Leader - Mao ZedongMao ZedongMao Zedong, also transliterated as Mao Tse-tung , and commonly referred to as Chairman Mao , was a Chinese Communist revolutionary, guerrilla warfare strategist, Marxist political philosopher, and leader of the Chinese Revolution...
, Chairman of the Communist Party of ChinaChairman of the Communist Party of ChinaThe Chairman of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China was the head of the Communist Party of China . In 1982, it was succeeded by the General Secretary of the Central Committee.-History and functions:...
(1935–1976) - Head of State - Liu ShaoqiLiu ShaoqiLiu Shaoqi was a Chinese revolutionary, statesman, and theorist. He was Chairman of the People's Republic of China, China's head of state, from 27 April 1959 to 31 October 1968, during which he implemented policies of economic reconstruction in China...
, Chairman of the People's Republic of China (1959–1968) - Premier - Zhou EnlaiZhou EnlaiZhou Enlai was the first Premier of the People's Republic of China, serving from October 1949 until his death in January 1976...
, Premier of the People's Republic of ChinaPremier of the People's Republic of ChinaThe Premier of the State Council of the People's Republic of China , sometimes also referred to as the "Prime Minister" informally, is the Leader of the State Council of the People's Republic of China , who is the head of government and holds the highest-ranking of the Civil service of the...
(1949–1976)
- Communist Party Leader - Mao Zedong
- IndiaIndiaIndia , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...
- President - Sarvepalli RadhakrishnanSarvepalli RadhakrishnanSir Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan , OM, FBA was an Indian philosopher and statesman. He was the first Vice President of India and subsequently the second President of India ....
, President of IndiaPresident of IndiaThe President of India is the head of state and first citizen of India, as well as the Supreme Commander of the Indian Armed Forces. President of India is also the formal head of all the three branches of Indian Democracy - Legislature, Executive and Judiciary...
(1962–1967) - Prime Minister - Lal Bahadur ShastriLal Bahadur ShastriLal Bahadur Srivastava Shastri was the second Prime Minister of the Republic of India and a significant figure in the Indian independence movement.-Early life:...
, Prime Minister of IndiaPrime Minister of IndiaThe Prime Minister of India , as addressed to in the Constitution of India — Prime Minister for the Union, is the chief of government, head of the Council of Ministers and the leader of the majority party in parliament...
(1964–1966)
- President - Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan
- IndonesiaIndonesiaIndonesia , officially the Republic of Indonesia , is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania. Indonesia is an archipelago comprising approximately 13,000 islands. It has 33 provinces with over 238 million people, and is the world's fourth most populous country. Indonesia is a republic, with an...
- President - SukarnoSukarnoSukarno, born Kusno Sosrodihardjo was the first President of Indonesia.Sukarno was the leader of his country's struggle for independence from the Netherlands and was Indonesia's first President from 1945 to 1967...
, President for Life of Indonesia (1945–1967)
- President - Sukarno
- IranPahlavi dynastyThe Pahlavi dynasty consisted of two Iranian/Persian monarchs, father and son Reza Shah Pahlavi and Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi The Pahlavi dynasty consisted of two Iranian/Persian monarchs, father and son Reza Shah Pahlavi (reg. 1925–1941) and Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi The Pahlavi dynasty ...
- Monarch - Mohammad Reza PahlaviMohammad Reza PahlaviMohammad Rezā Shāh Pahlavi, Shah of Iran, Shah of Persia , ruled Iran from 16 September 1941 until his overthrow by the Iranian Revolution on 11 February 1979...
, Shah of IranPahlavi dynastyThe Pahlavi dynasty consisted of two Iranian/Persian monarchs, father and son Reza Shah Pahlavi and Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi The Pahlavi dynasty consisted of two Iranian/Persian monarchs, father and son Reza Shah Pahlavi (reg. 1925–1941) and Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi The Pahlavi dynasty ...
(1941–1979) - Prime Minister -
- Hassan-Ali Mansur, Prime Minister of Iran (1964–1965)
- Amir-Abbas Hoveida, Prime Minister of Iran (1965–1977)
- Monarch - Mohammad Reza Pahlavi
- IraqIraq (1958-1968)The History of Iraq refers to the newly-established Republic of Iraq which beginning with the rise and rule of the President Muhammad Najib ar-Ruba'i and Prime Minister Abd al-Karim Qasim from 1958 to 1963. ar-Ruba'i and Quasim first came to power through the 14 July Revolution in which the...
- President - Abdul Salam ArifAbdul Salam ArifAbdul Salam Mohammed Arif Aljumaily was President of Iraq from 1963 till his death. He played a leading role in the coup in which the Hashemite monarchy was overthrown on July 14, 1958.-1958 revolution and conflict with Qasim:...
, President of Iraq (1963–1966) - Prime Minister -
- Tahir YahyaTahir YahyaTahir Yahya was Prime Minister of Iraq twice, from 1963 to 1965 and a short term in 1967-1968. He was educated at the Baghdad Military College and the Staff College.Commander of 20th Brigade 1955...
, Prime Minister of Iraq (1963–1965) - Arif Abd ar-RazzaqArif Abd ar-RazzaqArif Abd ar-Razzaq was Prime Minister of Iraq in 1965....
, Prime Minister of Iraq (1965) - Abd ar-Rahman al-BazzazAbd ar-Rahman al-BazzazAbd al-Rahman al-Bazzaz was a politician, reformist, and writer. He was an pan-Arab nationalist and he was the Dean of Baghdad Law College and Prime Minister of Iraq. Al-Bazzaz main political project was the professionalization of the government on the basis of civilian expertise. That civic...
, Prime Minister of Iraq (1965–1966)
- Tahir Yahya
- President - Abdul Salam Arif
- IsraelIsraelThe State of Israel is a parliamentary republic located in the Middle East, along the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea...
- President - Zalman ShazarZalman ShazarZalman Shazar was an Israeli politician, author. and poet. Shazar served as the third President of Israel from 1963 to 1973.-Biography:...
, President of IsraelPresident of IsraelThe President of the State of Israel is the head of state of Israel. The position is largely an apolitical ceremonial figurehead role, with the real executive power lying in the hands of the Prime Minister. The current president is Shimon Peres who took office on 15 July 2007...
(1963–1973) - Prime Minister - Levi EshkolLevi Eshkol' served as the third Prime Minister of Israel from 1963 until his death from a heart attack in 1969. He was the first Israeli Prime Minister to die in office.-Biography:...
, Prime Minister of IsraelPrime Minister of IsraelThe Prime Minister of Israel is the head of the Israeli government and the most powerful political figure in Israel . The prime minister is the country's chief executive. The official residence of the prime minister, Beit Rosh Hamemshala is in Jerusalem...
(1963–1969)
- President - Zalman Shazar
- JapanJapanJapan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
- Monarch - HirohitoHirohito, posthumously in Japan officially called Emperor Shōwa or , was the 124th Emperor of Japan according to the traditional order, reigning from December 25, 1926, until his death in 1989. Although better known outside of Japan by his personal name Hirohito, in Japan he is now referred to...
, Emperor of JapanEmperor of JapanThe Emperor of Japan is, according to the 1947 Constitution of Japan, "the symbol of the state and of the unity of the people." He is a ceremonial figurehead under a form of constitutional monarchy and is head of the Japanese Imperial Family with functions as head of state. He is also the highest...
(1926–1989) - Prime Minister - Eisaku SatōEisaku SatoThis article is about the Prime Minister of Japan. For the governor of Fukushima Prefecture of Japan of the same name, see Eisaku Satō ....
, Prime Minister of JapanPrime Minister of JapanThe is the head of government of Japan. He is appointed by the Emperor of Japan after being designated by the Diet from among its members, and must enjoy the confidence of the House of Representatives to remain in office...
(1964–1972)
- Monarch - Hirohito
- JordanJordanJordan , officially the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan , Al-Mamlaka al-Urduniyya al-Hashemiyya) is a kingdom on the East Bank of the River Jordan. The country borders Saudi Arabia to the east and south-east, Iraq to the north-east, Syria to the north and the West Bank and Israel to the west, sharing...
- Monarch - HusseinHussein of JordanHussein bin Talal was the third King of Jordan from the abdication of his father, King Talal, in 1952, until his death. Hussein's rule extended through the Cold War and four decades of Arab-Israeli conflict...
, King of Jordan (1952–1999) - Prime Minister -
- Bahjat TalhouniBahjat TalhouniBahjat Talhouni was a Jordanian political figure. He served as the Prime Minister of Jordan between 1960 and 1962, 1964 and 1965, 1967 and 1969, and finally from 1969 until 1970....
, Prime Minister of Jordan (1964–1965) - Wasfi al-TalWasfi al-TalWasfi al-Tal was Prime Minister of Jordan for three separate terms. He was assassinated by the Black September unit of the Palestine Liberation Organization in 1971....
, Prime Minister of Jordan (1965–1967)
- Bahjat Talhouni
- Monarch - Hussein
- North Korea (Democratic People's Republic of Korea)North KoreaThe Democratic People’s Republic of Korea , , is a country in East Asia, occupying the northern half of the Korean Peninsula. Its capital and largest city is Pyongyang. The Korean Demilitarized Zone serves as the buffer zone between North Korea and South Korea...
- Communist Party Leader - Kim Il-sungKim Il-sungKim Il-sung was a Korean communist politician who led the Democratic People's Republic of Korea from its founding in 1948 until his death in 1994. He held the posts of Prime Minister from 1948 to 1972 and President from 1972 to his death...
, General Secretary of the Korean Workers' PartyWorkers' Party of KoreaThe Workers' Party of Korea is the ruling Communist party of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea , commonly known as North Korea. It is also called the Korean Workers' Party...
(1948–1994) - Head of State - Choi Yong-kunChoi Yong-kunChoi Yong-kun was the Korean People's Army chief commander from 1948 to 1953 North Korean defence minister from 1953 to 1957, and the President of the Presidium of the Supreme People's Assembly of North Korea from 1957 to 1972. Choi Yong-kun was born in T'aech'ŏn County in North Pyongan,...
, Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme People's Assembly of North KoreaPresident of North KoreaThe President of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea was established in the Constitution of North Korea, 1972. Until then, Kim Il-sung, the ruler of North Korea, used the posts Premier and General Secretary of the Workers' Party of Korea...
(1957–1972) - Premier - Kim Il-sungKim Il-sungKim Il-sung was a Korean communist politician who led the Democratic People's Republic of Korea from its founding in 1948 until his death in 1994. He held the posts of Prime Minister from 1948 to 1972 and President from 1972 to his death...
, Premier of North Korea (1948–1972)
- Communist Party Leader - Kim Il-sung
- South Korea (Republic of Korea)South KoreaThe Republic of Korea , , is a sovereign state in East Asia, located on the southern portion of the Korean Peninsula. It is neighbored by the People's Republic of China to the west, Japan to the east, North Korea to the north, and the East China Sea and Republic of China to the south...
- President - Park Chung-heePark Chung-heePark Chung-hee was a Republic of Korea Army general and the leader of South Korea from 1961 to 1979. He seized power in a military coup and ruled until his assassination in 1979. He has been credited with the industrialization of the Republic of Korea through export-led growth...
, President of South KoreaPresident of South KoreaThe President of the Republic of Korea is, according to the Constitution of the Republic of Korea, chief executive of the government, commander-in-chief of the armed forces, and the head of state of the Republic of Korea...
(1962–1979) - Prime Minister - Chung Il-kwon, Prime Minister of South KoreaPrime Minister of South KoreaThe Prime Minister of the Republic of Korea is appointed by the President with the National Assembly's approval. Unlike prime ministers in the parliamentary system, the Prime Minister of South Korea is not required to be a member of parliament....
(1964–1970)
- President - Park Chung-hee
- KuwaitKuwaitThe State of Kuwait is a sovereign Arab state situated in the north-east of the Arabian Peninsula in Western Asia. It is bordered by Saudi Arabia to the south at Khafji, and Iraq to the north at Basra. It lies on the north-western shore of the Persian Gulf. The name Kuwait is derived from the...
- Monarch -
- Sheikh Abdullah Al-Salim Al-SabahAbdullah III Al-Salim Al-SabahAbdullah III Al-Salim Al-Sabah GCMG, CIE, KStJ was the last Sheikh and first Emir of Kuwait from 29 January 1950 until his death, and the eldest son of Salem Al-Mubarak Al-Sabah. As the eleventh ruler of the al-Sabah dynasty in Kuwait, he took power after the death of his cousin Sheikh Ahmad...
, Emir of Kuwait (1950–1965) - Sheikh Sabah Al-Salim Al-SabahSabah III Al-Salim Al-SabahSabah III Al-Salim Al-Sabah, KCMG Emir of Kuwait from 1965 to 1977, and youngest son of Salim Al-Mubarak Al-Sabah. Sabah III Al-Salim Al-Sabah succeeded his half-brother Abdullah III Al-Salim Al-Sabah upon his death on November 24, 1965. He was the 12th ruler of the Al-Sabah dynasty of Kuwait,...
, Emir of Kuwait (1965–1977)
- Sheikh Abdullah Al-Salim Al-Sabah
- Prime Minister -
- Sheikh Sabah Al-Salim Al-SabahSabah III Al-Salim Al-SabahSabah III Al-Salim Al-Sabah, KCMG Emir of Kuwait from 1965 to 1977, and youngest son of Salim Al-Mubarak Al-Sabah. Sabah III Al-Salim Al-Sabah succeeded his half-brother Abdullah III Al-Salim Al-Sabah upon his death on November 24, 1965. He was the 12th ruler of the Al-Sabah dynasty of Kuwait,...
, Prime Minister of Kuwait (1963–1965) - Sheikh Jaber Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-SabahJaber Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-SabahJaber III al-Ahmad al-Jaber al-Sabah, GCB , GCMG of the al-Sabah dynasty, was the Emir and thirteenth Sheikh of Kuwait, serving from December 31, 1977 until his death on January 15, 2006...
, Prime Minister of Kuwait (1965–1978)
- Sheikh Sabah Al-Salim Al-Sabah
- Monarch -
- LaosKingdom of LaosThe Kingdom of Laos was a sovereign state from 1953 until December 1975, when Pathet Lao overthrew the government and created the Lao People's Democratic Republic. Given self-rule in 1949 as part of a federation with the rest of French Indochina, the 1953 Franco-Lao Treaty finally established a...
- Monarch - Savang VatthanaSavang VatthanaSavang or Sisavang Vatthana was the last king of the Kingdom of Laos. He ruled from 1959 after his father's death, until his forced abdication in 1975...
, King of Laos (1959–1975) - Prime Minister - Prince Souvanna PhoumaSouvanna PhoumaPrince Souvanna Phouma was the leader of the neutralist faction and prime minister of the Kingdom of Laos several times, from 1951–1952, 1956–1958, 1960 and 1962-1975.-Early life:...
, Prime Minister of LaosPrime Minister of LaosThe Prime Minister of Laos is the head of government of the People's Democratic Republic of Laos.-Prime Ministers:-Trivia:Between December 1959 to December 1960, Laos had 6 different Prime Ministers, after being ousted by 6 different political coups....
(1962–1975)
- Monarch - Savang Vatthana
- LebanonLebanonLebanon , officially the Republic of LebanonRepublic of Lebanon is the most common term used by Lebanese government agencies. The term Lebanese Republic, a literal translation of the official Arabic and French names that is not used in today's world. Arabic is the most common language spoken among...
-- President - Charles HelouCharles HelouCharles Helou was President of Lebanon from 1964 to 1970.Born in Beirut, Helou was the scion of a powerful Maronite family from Baabda. He graduated with honours from St. Joseph's University in Beirut in 1929, and went on to complete a Law degree in 1934...
, President of Lebanon (1964–1970) - Prime Minister -
- Hussein al-Oweini, Prime Minister of Lebanon (1964–1965)
- Rashid KaramiRashid KaramiRashid Abdul Hamid Karami was a Lebanese statesman. He was one of the most important political figures in Lebanon for more than 30 years, including during much of Lebanese Civil War , and he served as Prime Minister eight times.- Background :Rashid Karami was born in Tripoli, into one of...
, Prime Minister of Lebanon (1965–1966)
- President - Charles Helou
- Malaysia
- Monarch -
- Tuanku Syed Putra, Yang di-Pertuan Agong of MalaysiaYang di-Pertuan AgongThe Yang di-Pertuan Agong is the head of state of Malaysia. The office was established in 1957 when the Federation of Malaya gained independence....
(1960–1965) - Sultan Ismail Nasiruddin Shah, Yang di-Pertuan Agong of MalaysiaYang di-Pertuan AgongThe Yang di-Pertuan Agong is the head of state of Malaysia. The office was established in 1957 when the Federation of Malaya gained independence....
(1965–1970)
- Tuanku Syed Putra, Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia
- Prime Minister - Tunku Abdul RahmanTunku Abdul RahmanTunku Abdul Rahman Putra Al-Haj ibni Almarhum Sultan Abdul Hamid Halim Shah, AC, CH was Chief Minister of the Federation of Malaya from 1955, and the country's first Prime Minister from independence in 1957. He remained as the Prime Minister after Sabah, Sarawak, and Singapore joined the...
, Prime Minister of MalaysiaPrime Minister of MalaysiaThe Prime Minister of Malaysia is the indirectly elected head of government of Malaysia. He is officially appointed by the Yang di-Pertuan Agong, the head of state, who in HM's judgment is likely to command the confidence of the majority of the members of that House of Representatives , the...
(1955–1970)
- Monarch -
- MaldivesMaldivesThe Maldives , , officially Republic of Maldives , also referred to as the Maldive Islands, is an island nation in the Indian Ocean formed by a double chain of twenty-six atolls oriented north-south off India's Lakshadweep islands, between Minicoy Island and...
- gained independence on 26 July 1965
- British Resident - Sir Charles Michael Walker, British Resident in the Maldives (1962–1965)
- Monarch - Muhammad Fareed DidiMuhammad Fareed DidiKing Muhammad Fareed Didi , the son of the Sultan Prince Abdul Majeed Didi . Muhammed Fareed Didi was the last Sultan of Maldives and the first Maldivian Monarch to assume the title of "King" with the style of "Your Majesty". He was the Sultan of Maldives from March 7, 1954 until November 11, 1968...
, Sultan of the Maldives (1954–1968) - Prime Minister - Ibrahim NasirIbrahim NasirIbrahim Nasir Rannabandeyri Kilegefan , KCMG, NGIV was a Maldivian politician who served as Prime Minister of the Maldives under Sultan Muhammad Fareed Didi from 1957 to 1968 and succeeded him to become the first President of the Second Republic from...
, Prime Minister of the Maldives (1957–1968)
- Mongolia
- Communist Party Leader - Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal, General secretary of the Central Committee of the Mongolian People's Revolutionary PartyMongolian People's Revolutionary PartyThe Mongolian People's Party formerly the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party is an ex-communist political party in Mongolia. The party is abbreviated MPP in English and ' in Mongolian...
(1958–1984) - Head of State - Jamsrangiin SambuuJamsrangiin SambuuJamsrangiin Sambuu was the chairman of the presidium of the Mongolian People's Republic People's Great Khural from 1954 to 1972. He was effectively president of Mongolia....
, Chairman of the Presidium of the People's Great Hural of MongoliaPresident of MongoliaThe President of Mongolia is the head of state of Mongolia. The Constitution of Mongolia implements a parliamentary system, so while much of the President's role is ceremonial, he or she does wield significant political power.-Election:...
(1954–1972) - Premier - Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of MongoliaPrime Minister of MongoliaThe Prime Minister of Mongolia is the highest member of the Mongolian government's executive arm, and heads the Mongolian cabinet. The Prime Minister is appointed by Parliament, and can be removed by a vote of no confidence.-Powers:...
(1952–1974)
- Communist Party Leader - Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal, General secretary of the Central Committee of the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party
- Muscat and OmanMuscat and OmanMuscat and Oman was a country that encompassed the present day Sultanate of Oman and parts of the United Arab Emirates. The country is not to be confused with either the Trucial States or Trucial Oman, which were sheikhdoms under British protection since 1820....
- Monarch - Said Bin TaimurSaid bin TaimurSaid bin Taimur was the sultan of Muscat and Oman from 10 February 1932 until his overthrow on 23 July 1970. His second wife was Mazoon al-Mashani...
, Sultan of Muscat and OmanSultan of Oman-List of Imams :-Nabhan Dynasty :-Ya'ariba Dynasty :-Banu Ghafir Dynasty :-Ya'ariba Dynasty :-Al Said Dynasty :-See also:...
(1932–1970)
- Monarch - Said Bin Taimur
- Nepal
- Monarch - MahendraMahendra of NepalPossibly no heir for the time period of 1911 through 1920. Previous Crown Prince: Tribhuvan Bir Bikram Shah, from 1906 to 1911....
, King of Nepal (1955–1972) - Prime Minister -
- Tulsi GiriTulsi GiriTulsi Giri was the Prime Minister of Nepal from 1975 to 1977, and chairman of the Council of Ministers between 1960 and 1963, and again in 1964 and 1965. He was also a Minister in the Congress government of 1959-1960, before its dissolution by King Mahendra.-References:...
, Prime Minister of Nepal (1964–1965) - Surya Bahadur ThapaSurya Bahadur ThapaSurya Bahadur Thapa has been Prime Minister of Nepal five times, under three different kings, in a political career lasting nearly 50 years. His terms were 1963-64, 1965–69, 1979–83, 1997–98 and 2003-04....
, Prime Minister of Nepal (1965–1969)
- Tulsi Giri
- Monarch - Mahendra
- PakistanPakistanPakistan , officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan is a sovereign state in South Asia. It has a coastline along the Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Oman in the south and is bordered by Afghanistan and Iran in the west, India in the east and China in the far northeast. In the north, Tajikistan...
- President - Ayub Khan, President of PakistanPresident of PakistanThe President of Pakistan is the head of state, as well as figurehead, of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan. Recently passed an XVIII Amendment , Pakistan has a parliamentary democratic system of government. According to the Constitution, the President is chosen by the Electoral College to serve a...
(1958–1969)
- President - Ayub Khan, President of Pakistan
- PhilippinesPhilippinesThe Philippines , officially known as the Republic of the Philippines , is a country in Southeast Asia in the western Pacific Ocean. To its north across the Luzon Strait lies Taiwan. West across the South China Sea sits Vietnam...
- President -
- Diosdado MacapagalDiosdado MacapagalDiosdado Pangan Macapagal was the ninth President of the Philippines, serving from 1961 to 1965, and the sixth Vice President, serving from 1957 to 1961. He also served as a member of the House of Representatives, and headed the Constitutional Convention of 1970...
, President of the PhilippinesPresident of the PhilippinesThe President of the Philippines is the head of state and head of government of the Philippines. The president leads the executive branch of the Philippine government and is the commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces of the Philippines...
(1961–1965) - Ferdinand MarcosFerdinand MarcosFerdinand Emmanuel Edralin Marcos, Sr. was a Filipino leader and an authoritarian President of the Philippines from 1965 to 1986. He was a lawyer, member of the Philippine House of Representatives and a member of the Philippine Senate...
, President of the PhilippinesPresident of the PhilippinesThe President of the Philippines is the head of state and head of government of the Philippines. The president leads the executive branch of the Philippine government and is the commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces of the Philippines...
(1965–1986)
- Diosdado Macapagal
- President -
- Saudi ArabiaSaudi ArabiaThe Kingdom of Saudi Arabia , commonly known in British English as Saudi Arabia and in Arabic as as-Sa‘ūdiyyah , is the largest state in Western Asia by land area, constituting the bulk of the Arabian Peninsula, and the second-largest in the Arab World...
- Monarch - FaisalFaisal of Saudi ArabiaFaisal bin Abdul-Aziz Al Saud was King of Saudi Arabia from 1964 to 1975. As king, he is credited with rescuing the country's finances and implementing a policy of modernization and reform, while his main foreign policy themes were pan-Islamic Nationalism, anti-Communism, and pro-Palestinian...
, King of Saudi Arabia (1964–1975) - Prime Minister - FaisalFaisal of Saudi ArabiaFaisal bin Abdul-Aziz Al Saud was King of Saudi Arabia from 1964 to 1975. As king, he is credited with rescuing the country's finances and implementing a policy of modernization and reform, while his main foreign policy themes were pan-Islamic Nationalism, anti-Communism, and pro-Palestinian...
, Prime Minister of Saudi ArabiaPrime Minister of Saudi ArabiaThe Prime Minister of Saudi Arabia is formally the Head of government under the Malik , the rather absolute Head of State of the kingdom of Saudi Arabia.-History:...
(1962–1975)
- Monarch - Faisal
- SingaporeSingaporeSingapore , officially the Republic of Singapore, is a Southeast Asian city-state off the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula, north of the equator. An island country made up of 63 islands, it is separated from Malaysia by the Straits of Johor to its north and from Indonesia's Riau Islands by the...
- declared independence from Malaysia on 9 August 1965
- President - Yusof bin IshakYusof bin IshakYusof bin Ishak was an eminent Singaporean politician and the first President of Singapore of Minangkabau descent. His portrait appears on the Singapore Portrait Series currency notes introduced in 1999.-Early life:...
, Yang di-Pertuan Negara of SingaporeYang di-Pertuan NegaraYang di-Pertuan Negara, meaning "Head of State" in Malay, was used as an official title at various times in Sabah, Singapore and Brunei.-Singapore:...
(1959–1965), President of SingaporePresident of SingaporeThe President of the Republic of Singapore is Singapore's head of state. In a Westminster parliamentary system, as which Singapore governs itself, the prime minister is the head of the government while the position of president is largely ceremonial. Before 1993, the President of Singapore was...
(1965–1971) - Prime Minister - Lee Kuan YewLee Kuan YewLee Kuan Yew, GCMG, CH is a Singaporean statesman. He was the first Prime Minister of the Republic of Singapore, governing for three decades...
, Prime Minister of SingaporePrime Minister of SingaporeThe Prime Minister of the Republic of Singapore is the head of the government of the Republic of Singapore. The President of Singapore appoints as Prime Minister a Member of Parliament who, in his opinion, is most likely to command the confidence of a majority of MPs.The office of Prime Minister...
(1959–1990)
- SyriaSyriaSyria , officially the Syrian Arab Republic , is a country in Western Asia, bordering Lebanon and the Mediterranean Sea to the West, Turkey to the north, Iraq to the east, Jordan to the south, and Israel to the southwest....
- Head of State - Amin al-Hafiz, Chairman of the Presidential Council of Syria (1963–1966)
- Prime Minister -
- Amin al-Hafiz, Prime Minister of Syria (1964–1965)
- Yusuf Zuaiyin, Prime Minister of Syria (1965)
- Taiwan (Republic of China)Republic of ChinaThe Republic of China , commonly known as Taiwan , is a unitary sovereign state located in East Asia. Originally based in mainland China, the Republic of China currently governs the island of Taiwan , which forms over 99% of its current territory, as well as Penghu, Kinmen, Matsu and other minor...
- President - Chiang Kai-ShekChiang Kai-shekChiang Kai-shek was a political and military leader of 20th century China. He is known as Jiǎng Jièshí or Jiǎng Zhōngzhèng in Mandarin....
, President of the Republic of ChinaPresident of the Republic of ChinaThe President of the Republic of China is the head of state and commander-in-chief of the Republic of China . The Republic of China was founded on January 1, 1912, to govern all of China...
(1950–1975) - Premier - Yen Chia-kanYen Chia-kanYen Chia-kan , or Yen Chia-jin , better known as C. K. Yen, succeeded Chiang Kai-shek as President of the Republic of China upon Chiang's death on April 5, 1975. He served out the remainder of Chiang's term until May 20, 1978.-Biography:C. K...
, President of the Executive Yuan of the Republic of ChinaPremier of the Republic of ChinaThe President of the Executive Yuan , commonly known as the Premier of the Republic of China , is the head of the Executive Yuan, the executive branch of the Republic of China , which currently administers Taiwan, Matsu, and Kinmen. The premier is appointed by the President of the Republic of China...
(1963–1972)
- President - Chiang Kai-Shek
- ThailandThailandThailand , officially the Kingdom of Thailand , formerly known as Siam , is a country located at the centre of the Indochina peninsula and Southeast Asia. It is bordered to the north by Burma and Laos, to the east by Laos and Cambodia, to the south by the Gulf of Thailand and Malaysia, and to the...
- Monarch - Bhumibol AdulyadejBhumibol AdulyadejBhumibol Adulyadej is the current King of Thailand. He is known as Rama IX...
, King of Thailand (1946–present) - Prime Minister - Thanom KittikachornThanom KittikachornField Marshal Thanom Kittikachorn was a military dictator of Thailand. A staunch anti-Communist, Thanom oversaw a decade of military rule in Thailand from 1963 to 1973, until public protests which exploded into violence forced him to step down...
, Prime Minister of ThailandPrime Minister of ThailandThe Prime Minister of Thailand is the head of government of Thailand. The Prime Minister is also the chairman of the Cabinet of Thailand. The post has existed since the Revolution of 1932, when the country became a constitutional monarchy....
(1963–1973)
- Monarch - Bhumibol Adulyadej
- TurkeyTurkeyTurkey , known officially as the Republic of Turkey , is a Eurasian country located in Western Asia and in East Thrace in Southeastern Europe...
- President - Cemal GürselCemal GürselCemal Gürsel , was a Turkish army officer, and the fourth President of Turkey.- Early life :He was born in the city of Erzurum to the Turkish parents as the son of an Ottoman Army officer, Abidin Bey, the grandson of Ibrahim and the great-grandson of Haci Ahmad...
, President of Turkey (1960–1966) - Prime Minister -
- İsmet İnönüIsmet InönüMustafa İsmet İnönü was a Turkish Army General, Prime Minister and the second President of Turkey. In 1938, the Republican People's Party gave him the title of "Milli Şef" .-Family and early life:...
, Prime Minister of TurkeyPrime Minister of TurkeyThe Prime Minister of the Turkey is the head of government in Turkish politics. The prime minister is the leader of a political coalition in the Turkish parliament and the leader of the cabinet....
(1961–1965) - Suat Hayri ÜrgüplüSuat Hayri ÜrgüplüAli Suat Hayri Ürgüplü was a Turkish political figure. He served a brief term as prime minister of Turkey in 1965.-Biography:...
, Prime Minister of TurkeyPrime Minister of TurkeyThe Prime Minister of the Turkey is the head of government in Turkish politics. The prime minister is the leader of a political coalition in the Turkish parliament and the leader of the cabinet....
(1965) - Süleyman DemirelSüleyman DemirelSami Süleyman Gündoğdu Demirel, better known as Süleyman Demirel , is a Turkish politician who served as Prime Minister seven times and was the ninth President of Turkey.-Life:Demirel was born in İslamköy, a town in Isparta Province...
, Prime Minister of TurkeyPrime Minister of TurkeyThe Prime Minister of the Turkey is the head of government in Turkish politics. The prime minister is the leader of a political coalition in the Turkish parliament and the leader of the cabinet....
(1965–1971)
- İsmet İnönü
- President - Cemal Gürsel
- North Vietnam (Democratic Republic of Vietnam)North VietnamThe Democratic Republic of Vietnam , was a communist state that ruled the northern half of Vietnam from 1954 until 1976 following the Geneva Conference and laid claim to all of Vietnam from 1945 to 1954 during the First Indochina War, during which they controlled pockets of territory throughout...
- Communist Party Leader - Lê Duẩn, General Secretary of the Communist Party of VietnamGeneral Secretary of the Communist Party of VietnamThe General Secretary is the leader of the Communist Party of Vietnam. The activities of Politburo and Secretariat are directed by the General Secretary. The post holder also maintains the top position in the Party's Central Military Commission, which is considered the supreme military...
(1960–1986) - President - Hồ Chí MinhHo Chi MinhHồ Chí Minh , born Nguyễn Sinh Cung and also known as Nguyễn Ái Quốc, was a Vietnamese Marxist-Leninist revolutionary leader who was prime minister and president of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam...
, President of North VietnamPresident of VietnamThe President of Vietnam is the head of state of Vietnam, although the functions of the President are often ceremonial...
(1945–1969) - Premier - Phạm Văn Đồng, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of North VietnamPrime Minister of Vietnam-Office:The Prime Minister of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam is the head of the executive branch of the Vietnamese government. The Prime Minister presides over the Vietnamese cabinet, and is responsible for appointing and supervising ministers...
(1955–1987)
- Communist Party Leader - Lê Duẩn, General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam
- South Vietnam (Republic of Vietnam)South VietnamSouth Vietnam was a state which governed southern Vietnam until 1975. It received international recognition in 1950 as the "State of Vietnam" and later as the "Republic of Vietnam" . Its capital was Saigon...
- President -
- Phan Khắc SửuPhan Khac SuuPhan Khắc Sửu was President of South Vietnam from 1964–1965.-Biography:He was an octogenarian, a trained agricultural engineer and was a member of the Cao Đài religion.He was a member of Emperor Bảo Đại’s political cabinet....
, President of South VietnamLeaders of South VietnamThis is a list of leaders of South Vietnam, since the establishment of the Autonomous Republic of Cochinchina in 1946 until the fall of the Republic of Vietnam in 1975.-Autonomous Republic of Cochinchina :-Republic of South Vietnam :...
(1964–1965) - Nguyễn Văn ThiệuNguyen Van ThieuNguyễn Văn Thiệu was president of South Vietnam from 1965 to 1975. He was a general in the Army of the Republic of Vietnam , became head of a military junta, and then president after winning a fraudulent election...
, President of South VietnamLeaders of South VietnamThis is a list of leaders of South Vietnam, since the establishment of the Autonomous Republic of Cochinchina in 1946 until the fall of the Republic of Vietnam in 1975.-Autonomous Republic of Cochinchina :-Republic of South Vietnam :...
(1965–1975)
- Phan Khắc Sửu
- Prime Minister -
- Trần Văn HươngTran Van HuongTrần Văn Hương was a South Vietnamese politician. He was the penultimate president of South Vietnam prior to its surrender to the communist forces of North Vietnam.-Biography:...
, Prime Minister of South Vietnam (1964–1965) - Nguyễn Xuân OánhNguyen Xuan OanhNguyễn Xuân Oánh was Prime Minister of South Vietnam in 1964 and 1965.Professor Nguyễn Xuân Oánh was trained as an economist, receiving his doctorate from Harvard University. He subsequently worked for the International Monetary Fund before returning to Vietnam as an economic adviser...
, Acting Prime Minister of South Vietnam (1965) - Phan Huy QuátPhan Huy QuatDr. Phan Huy Quát served as acting Prime Minister of the State of Vietnam and also as Prime Minister of the Republic of Vietnam.-Biography:On July 2, 1949, Dr. Phan Huy Quát was appointed Minister of Education by Head of State Bảo Đại....
, Prime Minister of South Vietnam (1965) - Nguyễn Cao KỳNguyen Cao KyNguyễn Cao Kỳ served as the chief of the Vietnam Air Force in the 1960s, before leading the nation as the prime minister of South Vietnam in a military junta from 1965 to 1967...
, Prime Minister of South Vietnam (1965–1967)
- Trần Văn Hương
- President -
- YemenYemen Arab RepublicThe Yemen Arab Republic , also known as North Yemen or Yemen , was a country from 1962 to 1990 in the western part of what is now Yemen...
- President - Abdullah as-SallalAbdullah as-SallalAbdullah al-Sallal was the leader of the North Yemeni Revolution of 1962. He served as the first President of the Yemen Arab Republic from 27 September 1962 to 5 November 1967....
, President of Yemen (1962–1967) - Prime Minister -
- Hamoud al-Gayifi, Prime Minister of Yemen (1964–1965)
- Hassan al-AmriHassan al-AmriHassan al-Amri He was born in a Yemeni village called Al-Amaryah—his surname indicates that—in Al-Hada District. He was the Prime Minister of the Yemen Arab Republic for five terms between 1964 and 1971....
, Prime Minister of Yemen (1965) - Ahmad Muhammad NumanAhmad Muhammad NumanAhmad Muhammad Numan was the Prime Minister of the Yemen Arab Republic twice.His first term was under President Abdullah al-Sallal. Numan served from 20 April to 6 July 1965....
, Prime Minister of Yemen (1965) - Abdullah as-SallalAbdullah as-SallalAbdullah al-Sallal was the leader of the North Yemeni Revolution of 1962. He served as the first President of the Yemen Arab Republic from 27 September 1962 to 5 November 1967....
, Prime Minister of Yemen (1965) - Hassan al-AmriHassan al-AmriHassan al-Amri He was born in a Yemeni village called Al-Amaryah—his surname indicates that—in Al-Hada District. He was the Prime Minister of the Yemen Arab Republic for five terms between 1964 and 1971....
, Prime Minister of Yemen (1965–1966)
- President - Abdullah as-Sallal
Europe
- Albania
- Communist Party Leader - Enver HoxhaEnver HoxhaEnver Halil Hoxha was a Marxist–Leninist revolutionary andthe leader of Albania from the end of World War II until his death in 1985, as the First Secretary of the Party of Labour of Albania...
, First Secretary of the Albanian Party of Labor (1944–1985) - Head of State - Haxhi LleshiHaxhi LleshiHaxhi Lleshi was an Albanian military leader and communist politician.Lleshi was one of the top commanders in Albania's fight against the Italians and Germans during World War II and is still considered by some to be a hero in Albania for his actions during the war...
, Chairman of the Presidium of the People's Assembly of Albania (1953–1982) - Premier - Mehmet ShehuMehmet ShehuMehmet Ismail Shehu was an Albanian communist politician who served as premier of Albania from 1954 to 1981...
, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Albania (1954–1981)
- Communist Party Leader - Enver Hoxha
- AndorraAndorraAndorra , officially the Principality of Andorra , also called the Principality of the Valleys of Andorra, , is a small landlocked country in southwestern Europe, located in the eastern Pyrenees mountains and bordered by Spain and France. It is the sixth smallest nation in Europe having an area of...
- Monarchs -
- French Co-Prince - Charles de GaulleCharles de GaulleCharles André Joseph Marie de Gaulle was a French general and statesman who led the Free French Forces during World War II. He later founded the French Fifth Republic in 1958 and served as its first President from 1959 to 1969....
, French Co-Prince of Andorra (1959–1969) - Episcopal Co-Prince - Ramon Iglesias i NavarriRamon Iglesias i NavarriRamon Iglesias i Navarri was the Bishop of Urgell and Episcopal Co-Prince of Andorra from 4 April 1943, until 29 April 1969. Navarri was first ordained as a priest on 14 July 1912, at the age of 23....
, Episcopal Co-Prince of Andorra (1943–1969)
- French Co-Prince - Charles de Gaulle
- First Syndic - Julià Reig RibóJulià Reig RibóJulià Reig Ribó was the general councillor for the Valles de Andorra from 1948 to 1949 and general syndic from 1960 to 1966 and from 1972 to 1978...
, First Syndic of Andorra (1960–1966)
- Monarchs -
- AustriaAustriaAustria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country of roughly 8.4 million people in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the...
- President -
- Adolf SchärfAdolf SchärfAdolf Schärf was, from 1957 to his death, the sixth President of Austria. Born into a poor working class family, he put himself through law school working part time and with a scholarship granted for academic excellence...
, Federal President of AustriaPresident of AustriaThe President of Austria is the federal head of state of Austria. Though theoretically entrusted with great power by the constitution, in practice the President acts, for the most part, merely as a ceremonial figurehead...
(1957–1965) - Josef KlausJosef KlausJosef Klaus was an Austrian Christian/Conservative politician of the Peoples Party and the Federal Chancellor from 1964 to 1970. In 1934 graduated from law school. He married in 1936...
, Acting Federal President of AustriaPresident of AustriaThe President of Austria is the federal head of state of Austria. Though theoretically entrusted with great power by the constitution, in practice the President acts, for the most part, merely as a ceremonial figurehead...
(1965) - Franz JonasFranz JonasFranz Josef Jonas was an Austrian political figure. He served as the seventh President of Austria, between 1965 and 1974....
, Federal President of AustriaPresident of AustriaThe President of Austria is the federal head of state of Austria. Though theoretically entrusted with great power by the constitution, in practice the President acts, for the most part, merely as a ceremonial figurehead...
(1965–1974)
- Adolf Schärf
- Chancellor - Josef KlausJosef KlausJosef Klaus was an Austrian Christian/Conservative politician of the Peoples Party and the Federal Chancellor from 1964 to 1970. In 1934 graduated from law school. He married in 1936...
, Federal Chancellor of AustriaChancellor of AustriaThe Federal Chancellor is the head of government in Austria. Its deputy is the Vice-Chancellor. Before 1918, the equivalent office was the Minister-President of Austria. The Federal Chancellor is considered to be the most powerful political position in Austrian politics.-Appointment:The...
(1964–1970)
- President -
- BelgiumBelgiumBelgium , officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a federal state in Western Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts the EU's headquarters, and those of several other major international organisations such as NATO.Belgium is also a member of, or affiliated to, many...
- Monarch - Baudouin I, King of the Belgians (1951–1993)
- Prime Minister -
- Théo LefèvreThéo LefèvreThéodore Joseph Albéric Marie "Théo" Lefèvre was a lawyer at the Ghent court of justice. In 1946 he became deputy of the Belgian parliament for the PSC-CVP. Between 25 April 1961 and 28 July 1965 he was the 39th Prime Minister of Belgium.-External links:*...
, Prime Minister of Belgium (1961–1965) - Pierre HarmelPierre HarmelPierre Charles José Marie Harmel, from 1991 Count Harmel was a Belgian lawyer, Christian Democratic politician and diplomat...
, Prime Minister of Belgium (1965–1966)
- Théo Lefèvre
- Bulgaria
- Communist Party Leader - Todor ZhivkovTodor ZhivkovTodor Khristov Zhivkov was a communist politician and leader of the People's Republic of Bulgaria from March 4, 1954 until November 10, 1989....
, General Secretary of the Bulgarian Communist PartyBulgarian Communist PartyThe Bulgarian Communist Party was the communist and Marxist-Leninist ruling party of the People's Republic of Bulgaria from 1946 until 1990 when the country ceased to be a communist state...
(1954–1989) - Head of State - Georgi Traykov, Chairman of the Presidium of the National Assembly of Bulgaria (1964–1971)
- Premier - Todor ZhivkovTodor ZhivkovTodor Khristov Zhivkov was a communist politician and leader of the People's Republic of Bulgaria from March 4, 1954 until November 10, 1989....
, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Bulgaria (1962–1971)
- Communist Party Leader - Todor Zhivkov
- CyprusCyprusCyprus , officially the Republic of Cyprus , is a Eurasian island country, member of the European Union, in the Eastern Mediterranean, east of Greece, south of Turkey, west of Syria and north of Egypt. It is the third largest island in the Mediterranean Sea.The earliest known human activity on the...
- President - Makarios IIIMakarios IIIMakarios III , born Andreas Christodolou Mouskos , was the archbishop and primate of the autocephalous Cypriot Orthodox Church and the first President of the Republic of Cyprus ....
, President of Cyprus (1960–1974)
- President - Makarios III
- CzechoslovakiaCzechoslovak Socialist RepublicThe Czechoslovak Socialist Republic was the official name of Czechoslovakia from 1960 until end of 1989 , a Soviet satellite state of the Eastern Bloc....
- Communist Party Leader - Antonín NovotnýAntonín NovotnýAntonín Novotný was General Secretary of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia from 1953 to 1968, and also held the post of President of Czechoslovakia from 1957 to 1968. He was born in Letňany, now part of Prague....
, First Secretary of the Communisty Party of CzechoslovakiaCommunist Party of CzechoslovakiaThe Communist Party of Czechoslovakia, in Czech and in Slovak: Komunistická strana Československa was a Communist and Marxist-Leninist political party in Czechoslovakia that existed between 1921 and 1992....
(1953–1968) - President - Antonín NovotnýAntonín NovotnýAntonín Novotný was General Secretary of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia from 1953 to 1968, and also held the post of President of Czechoslovakia from 1957 to 1968. He was born in Letňany, now part of Prague....
, President of Czechoslovakia (1957–1968) - Prime Minister - Jozef LenártJozef LenártJozef Lenárt was a Slovak politician.He graduated from a chemistry high school and worked for the Baťa company...
, Prime Minister of Czechoslovakia (1963–1968)
- Communist Party Leader - Antonín Novotný
- DenmarkKingdom of DenmarkThe Kingdom of Denmark or the Danish Realm , is a constitutional monarchy and sovereign state consisting of Denmark proper in northern Europe and two autonomous constituent countries, the Faroe Islands in the North Atlantic and Greenland in North America. Denmark is the hegemonial part, where the...
- Monarch - Frederick IXFrederick IX of DenmarkFrederick IX was King of Denmark from 20 April 1947 until his death on 14 January 1972....
, King of Denmark (1947–1972) - Prime Minister - Jens Otto KragJens Otto KragJens Otto Krag was a Danish politician. He was Prime Minister from 1962 to 1968 and again from 1971 to 1972....
, Prime Minister of DenmarkPrime Minister of DenmarkThe Prime Minister of Denmark is the head of government in Danish politics. The Prime Minister is traditionally the leader of a political coalition in the Folketing and presides over the cabinet....
(1962–1968)
- Monarch - Frederick IX
- FinlandFinlandFinland , officially the Republic of Finland, is a Nordic country situated in the Fennoscandian region of Northern Europe. It is bordered by Sweden in the west, Norway in the north and Russia in the east, while Estonia lies to its south across the Gulf of Finland.Around 5.4 million people reside...
- President - Urho KekkonenUrho KekkonenUrho Kaleva Kekkonen , was a Finnish politician who served as Prime Minister of Finland and later as the eighth President of Finland . Kekkonen continued the “active neutrality” policy of his predecessor President Juho Kusti Paasikivi, a doctrine which came to be known as the “Paasikivi–Kekkonen...
, President of FinlandPresident of FinlandThe President of the Republic of Finland is the nation's head of state. Under the Finnish constitution, executive power is vested in the President and the government, with the President possessing extensive powers. The President is elected directly by the people of Finland for a term of six years....
(1956–1981) - Prime Minister - Johannes VirolainenJohannes VirolainenJohannes Virolainen was a Finnish politician.Virolainen was born near Viipuri. After the Continuation War Virolainen moved to Lohja, but he remained one of the leaders of the evacuated Karelians, and never gave up the hope that Soviet Union and later Russia would return Finnish Karelia to Finland...
, Prime Minister of FinlandPrime Minister of FinlandThe Prime Minister is the Head of Government of Finland. The Prime Minister is appointed by the President, who is the Head of State. The current Prime Minister is Jyrki Katainen of the National Coalition Party.-Overview:...
(1964–1966)
- President - Urho Kekkonen
- FranceFranceThe French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
- President - Charles de GaulleCharles de GaulleCharles André Joseph Marie de Gaulle was a French general and statesman who led the Free French Forces during World War II. He later founded the French Fifth Republic in 1958 and served as its first President from 1959 to 1969....
, President of France (1959–1969) - Prime Minister - Georges PompidouGeorges PompidouGeorges Jean Raymond Pompidou was a French politician. He was Prime Minister of France from 1962 to 1968, holding the longest tenure in this position, and later President of the French Republic from 1969 until his death in 1974.-Biography:...
, Prime Minister of FrancePrime Minister of FranceThe Prime Minister of France in the Fifth Republic is the head of government and of the Council of Ministers of France. The head of state is the President of the French Republic...
(1962–1968)
- President - Charles de Gaulle
- East Germany (German Democratic Republic)German Democratic RepublicThe German Democratic Republic , informally called East Germany by West Germany and other countries, was a socialist state established in 1949 in the Soviet zone of occupied Germany, including East Berlin of the Allied-occupied capital city...
- Communist Party Leader - Walter UlbrichtWalter UlbrichtWalter Ulbricht was a German communist politician. As First Secretary of the Socialist Unity Party from 1950 to 1971 , he played a leading role in the creation of the Weimar-era Communist Party of Germany and later in the early development and...
, First Secretary of the Socialist Unity Party of Germany (1950–1971) - Head of State - Walter UlbrichtWalter UlbrichtWalter Ulbricht was a German communist politician. As First Secretary of the Socialist Unity Party from 1950 to 1971 , he played a leading role in the creation of the Weimar-era Communist Party of Germany and later in the early development and...
, Chairman of the Council of State of East Germany (1960–1973) - Premier - Willi StophWilli StophWilli Stoph was an East German politician. He served as Prime Minister of the German Democratic Republic from 1964 to 1973, and again from 1976 until 1989.-Biography:...
, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of East Germany (1964–1973)
- Communist Party Leader - Walter Ulbricht
- West Germany (Federal Republic of Germany)West GermanyWest Germany is the common English, but not official, name for the Federal Republic of Germany or FRG in the period between its creation in May 1949 to German reunification on 3 October 1990....
- President - Heinrich LübkeHeinrich LübkeKarl Heinrich Lübke was President of the Federal Republic of Germany from 1959 to 1969.-Biography:...
, Federal President of West GermanyPresident of GermanyThe President of the Federal Republic of Germany is the country's head of state. His official title in German is Bundespräsident . Germany has a parliamentary system of government and so the position of President is largely ceremonial...
(1959–1969) - Chancellor - Ludwig ErhardLudwig ErhardLudwig Wilhelm Erhard was a German politician affiliated with the CDU and Chancellor of West Germany from 1963 until 1966. He is notable for his leading role in German postwar economic reform and economic recovery , particularly in his role as Minister of Economics under Chancellor Konrad Adenauer...
, Federal Chancellor of West Germany (1963–1966)
- President - Heinrich Lübke
- GreeceKingdom of GreeceThe Kingdom of Greece was a state established in 1832 in the Convention of London by the Great Powers...
- Monarch - Constantine IIConstantine II of Greece|align=right|Constantine II was King of Greece from 1964 until the abolition of the monarchy in 1973, the sixth and last monarch of the Greek Royal Family....
, King of the Hellenes (1964–1973) - Prime Minister -
- George PapandreouGeorge Papandreou (senior)Georgios Papandreou was a Greek politician, the founder of the Papandreou political dynasty. He served three terms as Prime Minister of Greece...
, Prime Minister of GreecePrime Minister of GreeceThe Prime Minister of Greece , officially the Prime Minister of the Hellenic Republic , is the head of government of the Hellenic Republic and the leader of the Greek cabinet. The current interim Prime Minister is Lucas Papademos, a former Vice President of the European Central Bank, following...
(1964–1965) - Georgios Athanasiadis-NovasGeorgios Athanasiadis-NovasGeorgios Athanasiadis–Novas was a Greek lawyer, politician and Prime Minister.Born in Naupactus, he obtained his law degree from the University of Athens...
, Prime Minister of GreecePrime Minister of GreeceThe Prime Minister of Greece , officially the Prime Minister of the Hellenic Republic , is the head of government of the Hellenic Republic and the leader of the Greek cabinet. The current interim Prime Minister is Lucas Papademos, a former Vice President of the European Central Bank, following...
(1965) - Ilias TsirimokosIlias TsirimokosIlias Tsirimokos was a Greek politician who served as Prime Minister for a very brief period .-Life:...
, Prime Minister of GreecePrime Minister of GreeceThe Prime Minister of Greece , officially the Prime Minister of the Hellenic Republic , is the head of government of the Hellenic Republic and the leader of the Greek cabinet. The current interim Prime Minister is Lucas Papademos, a former Vice President of the European Central Bank, following...
(1965) - Stephanos StephanopoulosStephanos StephanopoulosStefanos Stefanopoulos was a Greek politician. He was a moderate conservative, and served as a cabinet member during Alexandros Papagos' government...
, Prime Minister of GreecePrime Minister of GreeceThe Prime Minister of Greece , officially the Prime Minister of the Hellenic Republic , is the head of government of the Hellenic Republic and the leader of the Greek cabinet. The current interim Prime Minister is Lucas Papademos, a former Vice President of the European Central Bank, following...
(1965–1966)
- George Papandreou
- Monarch - Constantine II
- HungaryPeople's Republic of HungaryThe People's Republic of Hungary or Hungarian People's Republic was the official state name of Hungary from 1949 to 1989 during its Communist period under the guidance of the Soviet Union. The state remained in existence until 1989 when opposition forces consolidated in forcing the regime to...
-- Communist Party Leader - János KádárJános KádárJános Kádár was a Hungarian communist leader and the General Secretary of the Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party, presiding over the country from 1956 until his forced retirement in 1988. His thirty-two year term as General Secretary makes Kádár the longest ruler of the People's Republic of Hungary...
, First Secretary of the Hungarian Socialist Workers' PartyHungarian Socialist Workers' PartyThe Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party was the ruling Marxist–Leninist party of Hungary between 1956 and 1989. It was organised from elements of the Hungarian Working People's Party during the 1956 Hungarian Revolution...
(1956–1988) - Head of State - István DobiIstván DobiIstván Dobi was a Hungarian politician and prime minister of Hungary from 1948 to 1952.-Early life:Dobi originated from a poor peasant family and was born in Szőny, Hungary. He finished primary school and in 1916 came into contact with the peasant movement...
, Chairman of the Presidential Council of Hungary (1952–1967) - Premier -
- János KádárJános KádárJános Kádár was a Hungarian communist leader and the General Secretary of the Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party, presiding over the country from 1956 until his forced retirement in 1988. His thirty-two year term as General Secretary makes Kádár the longest ruler of the People's Republic of Hungary...
, President of the Council of Ministers of Hungary (1961–1965) - Gyula KállaiGyula KállaiGyula Kállai was a Hungarian Communist politician who served as Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the People's Republic of Hungary from 1965 to 1967 and as Speaker of the National Assembly of Hungary 1967–1971. He was President of National Council of the Patriotic People's Front from 1957 to...
, President of the Council of Ministers of Hungary (1965–1967)
- János Kádár
- Communist Party Leader - János Kádár
- IcelandIcelandIceland , described as the Republic of Iceland, is a Nordic and European island country in the North Atlantic Ocean, on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Iceland also refers to the main island of the country, which contains almost all the population and almost all the land area. The country has a population...
- President - Ásgeir ÁsgeirssonÁsgeir ÁsgeirssonÁsgeir Ásgeirsson was the second President of Iceland, from 1952 to 1968.Educated as a theologian, Ásgeir graduated with honours from the University of Iceland in Reykjavík in 1915, but was considered too young to be ordained as a minister. He married Dóra Þórhallsdóttir in 1917. Dóra was the...
, President of IcelandPresident of IcelandThe President of Iceland is Iceland's elected head of state. The president is elected to a four-year term by universal adult suffrage and has limited powers. The president is not the head of government; the Prime Minister of Iceland is the head of government. There have been five presidents since...
(1952–1968) - Prime Minister - Bjarni BenediktssonBjarni BenediktssonBjarni Benediktsson was Prime Minister of Iceland from 14 November 1963 to 10 July 1970. His father, Benedikt Sveinsson , was a leader in the independence movement in Iceland and a member of Althingi from 1908 to 1931.Bjarni studied constitutional law and became professor at the University of...
, Prime Minister of IcelandPrime Minister of IcelandThe Prime Minister of Iceland is Iceland's head of government. The prime minister is appointed formally by the President and exercises executive authority along with the cabinet subject to parliamentary support....
(1963–1970)
- President - Ásgeir Ásgeirsson
- IrelandRepublic of IrelandIreland , described as the Republic of Ireland , is a sovereign state in Europe occupying approximately five-sixths of the island of the same name. Its capital is Dublin. Ireland, which had a population of 4.58 million in 2011, is a constitutional republic governed as a parliamentary democracy,...
- President - Éamon de ValeraÉamon de ValeraÉamon de Valera was one of the dominant political figures in twentieth century Ireland, serving as head of government of the Irish Free State and head of government and head of state of Ireland...
, President of IrelandPresident of IrelandThe President of Ireland is the head of state of Ireland. The President is usually directly elected by the people for seven years, and can be elected for a maximum of two terms. The presidency is largely a ceremonial office, but the President does exercise certain limited powers with absolute...
(1959–1973) - Prime Minister - Seán LemassSeán LemassSeán Francis Lemass was one of the most prominent Irish politicians of the 20th century. He served as Taoiseach from 1959 until 1966....
, Taoiseach of IrelandTaoiseachThe Taoiseach is the head of government or prime minister of Ireland. The Taoiseach is appointed by the President upon the nomination of Dáil Éireann, the lower house of the Oireachtas , and must, in order to remain in office, retain the support of a majority in the Dáil.The current Taoiseach is...
(1959–1966)
- President - Éamon de Valera
- ItalyItalyItaly , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
- President - Giuseppe SaragatGiuseppe SaragatGiuseppe Saragat was an Italian politician who was the fifth President of the Italian Republic from 1964 to 1971.Saragat was born in Turin, from Sardinian parents....
, President of Italy (1964–1971) - Prime Minister - Aldo MoroAldo MoroAldo Moro was an Italian politician and the 39th Prime Minister of Italy, from 1963 to 1968, and then from 1974 to 1976. He was one of Italy's longest-serving post-war Prime Ministers, holding power for a combined total of more than six years....
, President of the Council of Ministers of ItalyPrime minister of ItalyThe Prime Minister of Italy is the head of government of the Italian Republic...
(1963–1968)
- President - Giuseppe Saragat
- LiechtensteinLiechtensteinThe Principality of Liechtenstein is a doubly landlocked alpine country in Central Europe, bordered by Switzerland to the west and south and by Austria to the east. Its area is just over , and it has an estimated population of 35,000. Its capital is Vaduz. The biggest town is Schaan...
- Monarch - Franz Joseph II, Prince of Liechtenstein (1938–1989)
- Prime Minister - Gerard BatlinerGerard BatlinerGerard Batliner was a former Head of Government of Liechtenstein and attorney-at-law...
, Head of Government of Liechtenstein (1962–1970)
- LuxembourgLuxembourgLuxembourg , officially the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg , is a landlocked country in western Europe, bordered by Belgium, France, and Germany. It has two principal regions: the Oesling in the North as part of the Ardennes massif, and the Gutland in the south...
- Monarch - Jean, Grand Duke of LuxembourgGrand Duke of LuxembourgThe Grand Duke of Luxembourg is the sovereign monarch and head of state of Luxembourg. Luxembourg has been a grand duchy since 15 March 1815, when it was elevated from a duchy when placed in personal union with the United Kingdom of the Netherlands...
(1964–2000) - Prime Minister - Pierre Werner, President of the Government of Luxembourg (1959–1974)
- Monarch - Jean, Grand Duke of Luxembourg
- MaltaState of MaltaThe State of Malta, also known simply as Malta, was a predecessor to modern-day Malta and an independent state that existed between 21 September 1964 and 13 December 1974....
- Monarch - Elizabeth IIElizabeth II of the United KingdomElizabeth II is the constitutional monarch of 16 sovereign states known as the Commonwealth realms: the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Jamaica, Barbados, the Bahamas, Grenada, Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, Tuvalu, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Belize,...
, Queen of MaltaQueen of MaltaThis title of Queen of Malta was held by Elizabeth II between September 21, 1964 and December 13, 1974, following Malta's independence from the United Kingdom....
(1964–1974) - Governor-General - Sir Maurice Henry DormanMaurice Henry DormanSir Maurice Henry Dorman, GCMG, GCVO was the representative of the British Monarchy in Tanzania, Trinidad and Tobago, Sierra Leone, and Malta. He studied at Cambridge University. He served in Sierra Leone from 1956 until 1962, for which he was knighted in 1957...
, Governor-General of MaltaGovernor-General of Malta-Governors of Malta, 1813-1964:*Lieut.-General Sir Thomas Maitland *General Francis Rawdon-Hastings, 1st Marquess of Hastings *Major-General Sir Frederick Cavendish Ponsonby *Lieut.-General Sir Patrick Stuart *Right Honourable Richard More O'Ferrall -Governors of Malta, 1813-1964:*Lieut.-General...
(1962–1971) - Prime Minister - Giorgio Borg OlivierGiorgio Borg OlivierGiorgio Borg Olivier was twice Prime Minister of Malta as the Leader of the Nationalist Party. He was also Leader of the Opposition between 1955 and 1958 and again between 1971 and 1977. He resigned from Leader of the Nationalist Party in 1977 and was succeeded by Eddie Fenech Adami...
, Prime Minister of MaltaPrime Minister of MaltaThe Prime Minister of Malta is the Head of Government of Malta.-Establishment of the office and developments:The office of "Head of Ministry" was created as soon as Malta was granted autonomous government in 1921. The 1921 constitution was suspended twice before being revoked...
(1962–1971)
- Monarch - Elizabeth II
- MonacoMonacoMonaco , officially the Principality of Monaco , is a sovereign city state on the French Riviera. It is bordered on three sides by its neighbour, France, and its centre is about from Italy. Its area is with a population of 35,986 as of 2011 and is the most densely populated country in the...
- Monarch - Rainier IIIRainier III, Prince of MonacoRainier III, Prince of Monaco , styled His Serene Highness The Sovereign Prince of Monaco, ruled the Principality of Monaco for almost 56 years, making him one of the longest ruling monarchs of the 20th century.Though he was best known outside of Europe for having married American...
, Prince of MonacoPrince of MonacoThe Reigning Prince or Princess of Monaco is the sovereign monarch and head of state of the Principality of Monaco. All Princes or Princesses thus far have taken the name of the House of Grimaldi, but have belonged to various other houses in male line...
(1949–2005) - Head of Government - Jean ReymondJean ReymondJean Émile Reymond was an ex-minister of state for Monaco. He was in office from 1963 to 1966.-References:...
, Minister of State of Monaco (1963–1966)
- Monarch - Rainier III
- Kingdom of the NetherlandsKingdom of the NetherlandsThe Kingdom of the Netherlands is a sovereign state and constitutional monarchy with territory in Western Europe and in the Caribbean. The four parts of the Kingdom—Aruba, Curaçao, the Netherlands, and Sint Maarten—are referred to as "countries", and participate on a basis of equality...
- Monarch - JulianaJuliana of the NetherlandsJuliana was the Queen regnant of the Kingdom of the Netherlands between 1948 and 1980. She was the only child of Queen Wilhelmina and Prince Henry...
, Queen of the NetherlandsMonarchy of the NetherlandsThe Netherlands has been an independent monarchy since 16 March 1815, and has been governed by members of the House of Orange-Nassau since.-Constitutional role and position of the monarch:...
(1948–1980) - NetherlandsNetherlandsThe Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...
(constituent country)- Prime Minister -
- Victor MarijnenVictor MarijnenVictor Gerard Marie Marijnen was a Dutch politician of the defunct Catholic People's Party now merged into the Christian Democratic Appeal...
, Prime Minister of the NetherlandsPrime Minister of the NetherlandsThe Prime Minister of the Netherlands is the chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Netherlands. He is the de facto head of government of the Netherlands and coordinates the policy of the government...
(1963–1965) - Jo CalsJo CalsJozef Maria Laurens Theo "Jo" Cals was a Dutch politician of the defunct Catholic People's Party now merged into the Christian Democratic Appeal...
, Prime Minister of the NetherlandsPrime Minister of the NetherlandsThe Prime Minister of the Netherlands is the chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Netherlands. He is the de facto head of government of the Netherlands and coordinates the policy of the government...
(1965–1966)
- Victor Marijnen
- Prime Minister -
- Netherlands AntillesNetherlands AntillesThe Netherlands Antilles , also referred to informally as the Dutch Antilles, was an autonomous Caribbean country within the Kingdom of the Netherlands, consisting of two groups of islands in the Lesser Antilles: Aruba, Bonaire and Curaçao , in Leeward Antilles just off the Venezuelan coast; and Sint...
(constituent country)- Governor - Cola DebrotCola DebrotCola Debrot was a writer, lawyer, medical doctor and politician. He was the son of a plantation owner. In 1904 he moved from Bonaire to Curaçao, and then when he was 14 he moved to the Netherlands to gain an education...
, Governor of the Netherlands AntillesGovernor of the Netherlands AntillesThe Governor of the Netherlands Antilles was the representative of the Government of the Kingdom of the Netherlands in the Netherlands Antilles and the head of the National Government of the Netherlands Antilles....
(1962–1970) - Prime Minister - Efraïn Jonckheer, Prime Minister of the Netherlands Antilles (1954–1968)
- Governor - Cola Debrot
- SurinameSurinameSuriname , officially the Republic of Suriname , is a country in northern South America. It borders French Guiana to the east, Guyana to the west, Brazil to the south, and on the north by the Atlantic Ocean. Suriname was a former colony of the British and of the Dutch, and was previously known as...
(constituent country)- Governor-General -
- François Haverschmidt, Acting Governor-General of Suriname (1964–1965)
- Henri Lucien de Vries, Governor-General of Suriname (1965–1968)
- Prime Minister - Johan Adolf PengelJohan Adolf PengelJohan Adolf Pengel was a Surinamese politician. He was Prime Minister of Suriname from June 1963 to 5 March 1969 for the NPS....
, Prime Minister of Suriname (1963–1969)
- Governor-General -
- Monarch - Juliana
- NorwayNorwayNorway , officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Nordic unitary constitutional monarchy whose territory comprises the western portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula, Jan Mayen, and the Arctic archipelago of Svalbard and Bouvet Island. Norway has a total area of and a population of about 4.9 million...
- Monarch - Olav VOlav V of NorwayOlav V was the king of Norway from 1957 until his death. A member of the House of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg, Olav was born in the United Kingdom as the son of King Haakon VII of Norway and Queen Maud of Norway...
, King of Norway (1957–1991) - Prime Minister -
- Einar GerhardsenEinar Gerhardsenwas a Norwegian politician from the Labour Party of Norway. He was Prime Minister for three periods, 1945–1951, 1955–1963 and 1963–1965. With 17 years in office, he is the longest serving Prime Minister in Norway since the introduction of parliamentarism...
, Prime Minister of NorwayPrime Minister of NorwayThe Prime Minister of Norway is the political leader of Norway and the Head of His Majesty's Government. The Prime Minister and Cabinet are collectively accountable for their policies and actions to the Sovereign, to Stortinget , to their political party, and ultimately the...
(1963–1965) - Per BortenPer Bortenwas a Norwegian politician from the Centre Party and Prime Minister of Norway from 1965 to 1971. Per Borten is credited for leading the modernization of what was then named Bondepartiet into today's Centre Party...
, Prime Minister of NorwayPrime Minister of NorwayThe Prime Minister of Norway is the political leader of Norway and the Head of His Majesty's Government. The Prime Minister and Cabinet are collectively accountable for their policies and actions to the Sovereign, to Stortinget , to their political party, and ultimately the...
(1965–1971)
- Einar Gerhardsen
- Monarch - Olav V
- PolandPeople's Republic of PolandThe People's Republic of Poland was the official name of Poland from 1952 to 1990. Although the Soviet Union took control of the country immediately after the liberation from Nazi Germany in 1944, the name of the state was not changed until eight years later...
- Communist Party Leader - Władysław Gomułka, First Secretary of the Central Committee of Polish United Workers' Party (1956–1970)
- Head of State - Edward OchabEdward OchabEdward Ochab was a Polish Communist politician promoted to the position of the First Secretary of the Communist party in the People's Republic of Poland between 20 March and 21 October 1956, just prior to the Gomułka thaw...
, Chairman of the Council of State of Poland (1964–1968) - Premier - Józef CyrankiewiczJózef CyrankiewiczJózef Cyrankiewicz was a Polish Socialist, after 1948 Communist political figure. He served as premier of the People's Republic of Poland between 1947 and 1952, and again between 1954 and 1970...
, President of the Council of Ministers of Poland (1954–1970)
- Portugal
- President - Américo ThomazAmérico ThomazAmérico de Deus Rodrigues Tomás, GCC, GOA, GOSE , archaic spelling: Américo Thomaz, was a Portuguese admiral and politician.-Career:Tomás became minister of the Navy in 1944...
, President of PortugalPresident of PortugalPortugal has been a republic since 1910, and since that time the head of state has been the president, whose official title is President of the Portuguese Republic ....
(1958–1974) - Prime Minister - António de Oliveira SalazarAntónio de Oliveira SalazarAntónio de Oliveira Salazar, GColIH, GCTE, GCSE served as the Prime Minister of Portugal from 1932 to 1968. He also served as acting President of the Republic briefly in 1951. He founded and led the Estado Novo , the authoritarian, right-wing government that presided over and controlled Portugal...
, President of the Council of Ministers of PortugalPrime Minister of PortugalPrime Minister is the current title of the chief of the Portuguese Government. As chief executive, the Prime Minister coordinates the action of ministers, representing the Government from the other organs of state, accountable to Parliament and keeps the President informed...
(1932–1968)
- President - Américo Thomaz
- RomaniaCommunist RomaniaCommunist Romania was the period in Romanian history when that country was a Soviet-aligned communist state in the Eastern Bloc, with the dominant role of Romanian Communist Party enshrined in its successive constitutions...
- Communist Party Leader -
- Gheorghe Gheorghiu-DejGheorghe Gheorghiu-DejGheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej was the Communist leader of Romania from 1948 until his death in 1965.-Early life:Gheorghe was the son of a poor worker, Tănase Gheorghiu, and his wife Ana. Gheorghiu-Dej joined the Communist Party of Romania in 1930...
, First Secretary of the Romanian Workers' PartyRomanian Communist PartyThe Romanian Communist Party was a communist political party in Romania. Successor to the Bolshevik wing of the Socialist Party of Romania, it gave ideological endorsement to communist revolution and the disestablishment of Greater Romania. The PCR was a minor and illegal grouping for much of the...
(1955–1965) - Nicolae CeauşescuNicolae CeausescuNicolae Ceaușescu was a Romanian Communist politician. He was General Secretary of the Romanian Communist Party from 1965 to 1989, and as such was the country's second and last Communist leader...
, General Secretary of the Romanian Communist PartyRomanian Communist PartyThe Romanian Communist Party was a communist political party in Romania. Successor to the Bolshevik wing of the Socialist Party of Romania, it gave ideological endorsement to communist revolution and the disestablishment of Greater Romania. The PCR was a minor and illegal grouping for much of the...
(1965–1989)
- Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej
- Head of State -
- Gheorghe Gheorghiu-DejGheorghe Gheorghiu-DejGheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej was the Communist leader of Romania from 1948 until his death in 1965.-Early life:Gheorghe was the son of a poor worker, Tănase Gheorghiu, and his wife Ana. Gheorghiu-Dej joined the Communist Party of Romania in 1930...
, President of the Council of State of RomaniaPresident of RomaniaThe President of Romania is the head of state of Romania. The President is directly elected by a two-round system for a five-year term . An individual may serve two terms...
(1961–1965) - Chivu StoicaChivu StoicaChivu Stoica was a leading Romanian Communist politician.Stoica was born in Smeeni, Buzău County, the sixth child of a ploughman. At age 12 he left home, and started working as an apprentice at Căile Ferate Române, the state railway corporation...
, President of the Council of State of RomaniaPresident of RomaniaThe President of Romania is the head of state of Romania. The President is directly elected by a two-round system for a five-year term . An individual may serve two terms...
(1965–1967)
- Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej
- Premier - Ion Gheorghe MaurerIon Gheorghe MaurerIon Gheorghe Iosif Maurer was a Romanian communist politician and lawyer.-Biography:Born in Bucharest to a Saxon father and a Romanian mother of French origin, he completed studies in Law and became an attorney, defending in court members of the illegal leftist and Anti-fascist movements...
, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of RomaniaPrime Minister of RomaniaThe Prime Minister of Romania is the head of the Government of Romania. Initially, the office was styled President of the Council of Ministers , when the term "Government" included more than the Cabinet, and the Cabinet was called The Council of Ministers...
(1961–1974)
- Communist Party Leader -
- San MarinoSan MarinoSan Marino, officially the Republic of San Marino , is a state situated on the Italian Peninsula on the eastern side of the Apennine Mountains. It is an enclave surrounded by Italy. Its size is just over with an estimated population of over 30,000. Its capital is the City of San Marino...
- Captains Regent
- Giuseppe Micheloni and Pier Marino Mularoni, Captains Regent of San Marino (1964–1965)
- Ferruccio Piva and Federico Carattoni, Captains Regent of San Marino (April–September 1965)
- Alvaro Casali and Pietro Reffi, Captains Regent of San Marino (1965–1966)
- Captains Regent
- Soviet UnionSoviet UnionThe Soviet Union , officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics , was a constitutionally socialist state that existed in Eurasia between 1922 and 1991....
- Communist Party Leader - Leonid BrezhnevLeonid BrezhnevLeonid Ilyich Brezhnev – 10 November 1982) was the General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union , presiding over the country from 1964 until his death in 1982. His eighteen-year term as General Secretary was second only to that of Joseph Stalin in...
, First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet UnionGeneral Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet UnionGeneral Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union was the title given to the leader of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. With some exceptions, the office was synonymous with leader of the Soviet Union...
(1964–1982) - Head of State -
- Anastas MikoyanAnastas MikoyanAnastas Ivanovich Mikoyan was an Armenian Old Bolshevik and Soviet statesman during the rules of Vladimir Lenin, Joseph Stalin, Nikita Khrushchev, and Leonid Brezhnev....
, Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union (1964–1965) - Nikolai PodgornyNikolai PodgornyNikolai Viktorovich Podgorny was a Soviet Ukrainian statesman during the Cold War. He served as First Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Ukraine, or leader of the Ukrainian SSR, from 1957 to 1963 and as Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet from 1965 to 1977...
, Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union (1965–1977)
- Anastas Mikoyan
- Premier - Alexei Kosygin, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Soviet UnionPremier of the Soviet UnionThe office of Premier of the Soviet Union was synonymous with head of government of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics . Twelve individuals have been premier...
(1964–1980)
- Communist Party Leader - Leonid Brezhnev
- SpainSpanish StateFrancoist Spain refers to a period of Spanish history between 1936 and 1975 when Spain was under the authoritarian dictatorship of Francisco Franco....
- Head of State - Francisco FrancoFrancisco FrancoFrancisco Franco y Bahamonde was a Spanish general, dictator and head of state of Spain from October 1936 , and de facto regent of the nominally restored Kingdom of Spain from 1947 until his death in November, 1975...
, Head of State of Spain (1936–1975) - Prime Minister - Francisco FrancoFrancisco FrancoFrancisco Franco y Bahamonde was a Spanish general, dictator and head of state of Spain from October 1936 , and de facto regent of the nominally restored Kingdom of Spain from 1947 until his death in November, 1975...
, President of the Government of SpainPrime Minister of SpainThe President of the Government of Spain , sometimes known in English as the Prime Minister of Spain, is the head of Government of Spain. The current office is established under the Constitution of 1978...
(1939–1973)
- Head of State - Francisco Franco
- SwedenSwedenSweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden borders with Norway and Finland and is connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund....
- Monarch - Gustaf VI AdolfGustaf VI Adolf of SwedenGustaf VI Adolf - Oscar Fredrik Wilhelm Olaf Gustaf Adolf - was King of Sweden from October 29, 1950 until his death. His official title was King of Sweden, of the Goths and of the Wends. He was the eldest son of King Gustaf V and his wife Victoria of Baden...
, King of Sweden (1950–1973) - Prime Minister - Tage ErlanderTage Erlanderwas a Swedish politician. He was the leader of the Swedish Social Democratic Party and Prime Minister of Sweden from 1946 to 1969...
, Prime Minister of SwedenPrime Minister of SwedenThe Prime Minister is the head of government in the Kingdom of Sweden. Before the creation of the office of a Prime Minister in 1876, Sweden did not have a head of government separate from its head of state, namely the King, in whom the executive authority was vested...
(1946–1969)
- Monarch - Gustaf VI Adolf
- SwitzerlandSwitzerlandSwitzerland name of one of the Swiss cantons. ; ; ; or ), in its full name the Swiss Confederation , is a federal republic consisting of 26 cantons, with Bern as the seat of the federal authorities. The country is situated in Western Europe,Or Central Europe depending on the definition....
-- Swiss Federal CouncilSwiss Federal CouncilThe Federal Council is the seven-member executive council which constitutes the federal government of Switzerland and serves as the Swiss collective head of state....
:- Paul ChaudetPaul ChaudetPaul Chaudet was a Swiss politician.He was elected to the Swiss Federal Council on December 16, 1954 and handed over office on December 31, 1966. He resigned on November 28, 1966 due to the Mirage-affair. He was affiliated to the Radical Party...
(1954–1966), Friedrich Traugott WahlenFriedrich Traugott WahlenFriedrich Traugott Wahlen was a Swiss politician.He was elected to the Swiss Federal Council on 11 December 1958 and handed over office on 31 December 1965...
(1958–1965), Willy SpühlerWilly SpühlerWilly Spühler was a Swiss politician.He was elected to the Swiss Federal Council on 17 December 1959, representing the Canton of Zürich, and handed over office on 31 January 1970. He was affiliated to the Social Democratic Party. He was a municipal councillor in Zurich in 1928 and a national...
(1959–1970), Ludwig von MoosLudwig von MoosLudwig von Moos was a Swiss politician and member of the Swiss Federal Council ....
(1959–1971), Hans-Peter TschudiHans-Peter TschudiHans-Peter Tschudi was a Swiss politician and member of the Swiss Federal Council heading the Department of Home Affairs ....
(1959–1973, President), Hans SchaffnerHans SchaffnerHans Schaffner was a Swiss politician and member of the Swiss Federal Council ....
(1961–1969), Roger BonvinRoger BonvinRoger Bonvin was a Swiss politician and member of the Swiss Federal Council for the Canton of Valais ....
(1962–1973), Rudolf GnägiRudolf GnägiRudolf Gnägi was a Swiss politician and member of the Swiss Federal Council ....
(1965–1979)
- Paul Chaudet
- Swiss Federal Council
- United KingdomUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
- Monarch - Elizabeth IIElizabeth II of the United KingdomElizabeth II is the constitutional monarch of 16 sovereign states known as the Commonwealth realms: the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Jamaica, Barbados, the Bahamas, Grenada, Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, Tuvalu, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Belize,...
, Queen of the United Kingdom (1952–present) - Prime Minister - Harold WilsonHarold WilsonJames Harold Wilson, Baron Wilson of Rievaulx, KG, OBE, FRS, FSS, PC was a British Labour Member of Parliament, Leader of the Labour Party. He was twice Prime Minister of the United Kingdom during the 1960s and 1970s, winning four general elections, including a minority government after the...
, Prime Minister of the United KingdomPrime Minister of the United KingdomThe Prime Minister of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is the Head of Her Majesty's Government in the United Kingdom. The Prime Minister and Cabinet are collectively accountable for their policies and actions to the Sovereign, to Parliament, to their political party and...
(1964–1970)
- Monarch - Elizabeth II
- Vatican CityVatican CityVatican City , or Vatican City State, in Italian officially Stato della Città del Vaticano , which translates literally as State of the City of the Vatican, is a landlocked sovereign city-state whose territory consists of a walled enclave within the city of Rome, Italy. It has an area of...
- Monarch - Pope Paul VIPope Paul VIPaul VI , born Giovanni Battista Enrico Antonio Maria Montini , reigned as Pope of the Catholic Church from 21 June 1963 until his death on 6 August 1978. Succeeding Pope John XXIII, who had convened the Second Vatican Council, he decided to continue it...
, Sovereign of the State of the Vatican City (1963–1978) - President of the Governorate - Amleto Giovanni Cicognani, President of the Governorate of Vatican City State (1961–1969)
- Holy SeeHoly SeeThe Holy See is the episcopal jurisdiction of the Catholic Church in Rome, in which its Bishop is commonly known as the Pope. It is the preeminent episcopal see of the Catholic Church, forming the central government of the Church. As such, diplomatically, and in other spheres the Holy See acts and...
- Secretary of State - Amleto Giovanni Cicognani, Cardinal Secretary of StateCardinal Secretary of StateThe Cardinal Secretary of State—officially Secretary of State of His Holiness The Pope—presides over the Holy See, usually known as the "Vatican", Secretariat of State, which is the oldest and most important dicastery of the Roman Curia...
(1961–1969)
- Secretary of State - Amleto Giovanni Cicognani, Cardinal Secretary of State
- Monarch - Pope Paul VI
- YugoslaviaSocialist Federal Republic of YugoslaviaThe Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia was the Yugoslav state that existed from the abolition of the Yugoslav monarchy until it was dissolved in 1992 amid the Yugoslav Wars. It was a socialist state and a federation made up of six socialist republics: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia,...
- Communist Party leader - Josip Broz TitoJosip Broz TitoMarshal Josip Broz Tito – 4 May 1980) was a Yugoslav revolutionary and statesman. While his presidency has been criticized as authoritarian, Tito was a popular public figure both in Yugoslavia and abroad, viewed as a unifying symbol for the nations of the Yugoslav federation...
, President of the Presidium of the League of Communists of YugoslaviaLeague of Communists of YugoslaviaLeague of Communists of Yugoslavia , before 1952 the Communist Party of Yugoslavia League of Communists of Yugoslavia (Serbo-Croatian: Savez komunista Jugoslavije/Савез комуниста Југославије, Slovene: Zveza komunistov Jugoslavije, Macedonian: Сојуз на комунистите на Југославија, Sojuz na...
(1945–1980) - President - Josip Broz TitoJosip Broz TitoMarshal Josip Broz Tito – 4 May 1980) was a Yugoslav revolutionary and statesman. While his presidency has been criticized as authoritarian, Tito was a popular public figure both in Yugoslavia and abroad, viewed as a unifying symbol for the nations of the Yugoslav federation...
, President of Yugoslavia (1953–1980) - Premier - Petar StambolićPetar StambolicPetar Stambolić was a Yugoslav communist politician who served as the President of the Federal Executive Council of Yugoslavia from 1963 to 1967 and President of the Presidency of Yugoslavia from 1982 until 1983.Stambolić was born in Brezova, Ivanjica, Kingdom of Serbia and died in Belgrade, Serbia...
, Chairman of the Federal Executive Council of YugoslaviaPrime Minister of YugoslaviaThe Prime Minister or the President of the Federal Executive Council of Yugoslavia was the head of government of the Yugoslav state, from the creation of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes in 1918 until the end of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia in 1992.-Kingdom of...
(1963–1967)
- Communist Party leader - Josip Broz Tito
North America
- CanadaCanadaCanada is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and northward into the Arctic Ocean...
- Monarch - Elizabeth IIElizabeth II of the United KingdomElizabeth II is the constitutional monarch of 16 sovereign states known as the Commonwealth realms: the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Jamaica, Barbados, the Bahamas, Grenada, Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, Tuvalu, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Belize,...
, Queen of Canada (1952–present) - Governor General - Georges VanierGeorges VanierMajor-General Georges-Philéas Vanier was a Canadian soldier and diplomat who served as Governor General of Canada, the 19th since Canadian Confederation....
, Governor General of CanadaGovernor General of CanadaThe Governor General of Canada is the federal viceregal representative of the Canadian monarch, Queen Elizabeth II...
(1959–1967) - Prime Minister - Lester B. PearsonLester B. PearsonLester Bowles "Mike" Pearson, PC, OM, CC, OBE was a Canadian professor, historian, civil servant, statesman, diplomat, and politician, who won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1957 for organizing the United Nations Emergency Force to resolve the Suez Canal Crisis...
, Prime Minister of CanadaPrime Minister of CanadaThe Prime Minister of Canada is the primary minister of the Crown, chairman of the Cabinet, and thus head of government for Canada, charged with advising the Canadian monarch or viceroy on the exercise of the executive powers vested in them by the constitution...
(1963–1968)
- Monarch - Elizabeth II
- Costa RicaCosta RicaCosta Rica , officially the Republic of Costa Rica is a multilingual, multiethnic and multicultural country in Central America, bordered by Nicaragua to the north, Panama to the southeast, the Pacific Ocean to the west and the Caribbean Sea to the east....
- President - Francisco Orlich BolmarcichFrancisco Orlich BolmarcichFrancisco José Orlich Bolmarcich was President of Costa Rica from 1962 to 1966.He also ran for the presidency in 1958, but lost to Mario Echandi. His grandfather on the Orlich side and his mother came to Costa Rica from the town of Punat on the island of Krk, Croatia...
, President of Costa Rica (1962–1966)
- President - Francisco Orlich Bolmarcich
- CubaCubaThe Republic of Cuba is an island nation in the Caribbean. The nation of Cuba consists of the main island of Cuba, the Isla de la Juventud, and several archipelagos. Havana is the largest city in Cuba and the country's capital. Santiago de Cuba is the second largest city...
- Communist Party Leader - Fidel CastroFidel CastroFidel Alejandro Castro Ruz is a Cuban revolutionary and politician, having held the position of Prime Minister of Cuba from 1959 to 1976, and then President from 1976 to 2008. He also served as the First Secretary of the Communist Party of Cuba from the party's foundation in 1961 until 2011...
, First secretary of the Communist Party of CubaCommunist Party of CubaThe Communist Party of Cuba is the governing political party in Cuba. It is a communist party of the Marxist-Leninist model. The Cuban constitution ascribes the role of the Party to be the "leading force of society and of the state"...
(1965–2011) - President - Osvaldo Dorticós TorradoOsvaldo Dorticós TorradoOsvaldo Dorticós Torrado was a Cuban politician who served as the President of Cuba from July 17, 1959 until December 2, 1976.-Background:...
, President of Cuba (1959–1976) - Prime Minister - Fidel CastroFidel CastroFidel Alejandro Castro Ruz is a Cuban revolutionary and politician, having held the position of Prime Minister of Cuba from 1959 to 1976, and then President from 1976 to 2008. He also served as the First Secretary of the Communist Party of Cuba from the party's foundation in 1961 until 2011...
, Prime Minister of CubaPrime Minister of CubaPrime Minister of Cuba was a position in the government of Cuba. Fidel Castro assumed the position of Prime Minister in 1959 replacing José Miró Cardona....
(1959–2008)
- Communist Party Leader - Fidel Castro
- Dominican RepublicDominican RepublicThe Dominican Republic is a nation on the island of La Hispaniola, part of the Greater Antilles archipelago in the Caribbean region. The western third of the island is occupied by the nation of Haiti, making Hispaniola one of two Caribbean islands that are shared by two countries...
- Head of State -
- Triumvirate, Head of State of the Dominican Republic (1963–1965)
- Francisco CaamañoFrancisco CaamañoCol. Francisco Alberto Caamaño Deñó [Cah-MAH-nyoh Deh-NYOH] was a Dominican soldier and politician....
, President of the Dominican Republic (1965) - José Rafael Molina UreñaJosé Rafael Molina UreñaJosé Rafael Molina Ureña was a politician from the Dominican Republic. He served as provisional president of the Dominican Republic from 25 April until 27 April 1965.-Reference:*...
, Provisional President of the Dominican Republic (1965) - Pedro Bartolomé BenoitPedro Bartolomé BenoitPedro Bartolomé Benoit Vanderhorst is a politician and military officer from the Dominican Republic. He served as provisional president of the Dominican Republic from 1 May until 7 May 1965. He was also a member of the Revolutionary Committee, which ruled the country for about few hours on 25...
, Chairman of the Military Junta of the Dominican Republic (1965) - Antonio Imbert BarreraAntonio Imbert BarreraAntonio Imbert Barrera was president of the Dominican Republic from May 7, 1965 until August 30, 1965. His predecessor in the post was Pedro Bartolomé Benoit; his successor, Héctor García Godoy. .His first important position was as governor of Puerto Plata in 1940...
, President of the Dominican Republic (1965) - Héctor García GodoyHéctor García GodoyHéctor Rafael García Godoy was a politician from the Dominican Republic. He served as provisional president of the Dominican Republic from September 3, 1965 until July 1, 1966.-Reference:...
, Provisional President of the Dominican Republic (1965–1966)
- Head of State -
- El SalvadorEl SalvadorEl Salvador or simply Salvador is the smallest and the most densely populated country in Central America. The country's capital city and largest city is San Salvador; Santa Ana and San Miguel are also important cultural and commercial centers in the country and in all of Central America...
- President - Julio Adalberto Rivera CarballoJulio Adalberto Rivera CarballoJulio Adalberto Rivera Carballo was president of El Salvador 1 July 1962 - 1 July 1967.Carballo was born in Zacatecoluca. He was a military officer who helped lead a military coup in 1961. From January 1961 to September 1961 he was a member of the Civic Military Directory which ruled El Salvador...
, President of El SalvadorPresident of El SalvadorThis page contains a list of Presidents of El Salvador.-Heads of State of El Salvador within the Federal Republic of Central America :*Pedro Barriere : 21 September 1821 - 28 November 1821*José Matías Delgado : 28 Nov 1821 - 9 February 1823...
(1962–1967)
- President - Julio Adalberto Rivera Carballo
- GuatemalaGuatemalaGuatemala is a country in Central America bordered by Mexico to the north and west, the Pacific Ocean to the southwest, Belize to the northeast, the Caribbean to the east, and Honduras and El Salvador to the southeast...
- President - Enrique Peralta AzurdiaEnrique Peralta AzurdiaAlfredo Enrique Peralta Azurdia was President of Guatemala from 31 March 1963 to 1 July 1966.Enrique Peralta was born on June 17, 1908 in Guatemala City. He took over the presidency after a coup against president Miguel Ydígoras Fuentes...
, President of GuatemalaPresident of GuatemalaThe title of President of Guatemala has been the usual title of the leader of Guatemala since 1839, when that title was assumed by Mariano Rivera Paz...
(1963–1966)
- President - Enrique Peralta Azurdia
- HaitiHaitiHaiti , officially the Republic of Haiti , is a Caribbean country. It occupies the western, smaller portion of the island of Hispaniola, in the Greater Antillean archipelago, which it shares with the Dominican Republic. Ayiti was the indigenous Taíno or Amerindian name for the island...
- President - François DuvalierFrançois DuvalierFrançois Duvalier was the President of Haiti from 1957 until his death in 1971. Duvalier first won acclaim in fighting diseases, earning him the nickname "Papa Doc" . He opposed a military coup d'état in 1950, and was elected President in 1957 on a populist and black nationalist platform...
, President for Life of HaitiPresident of HaitiThe President of the Republic of Haiti is the head of state of Haiti. Executive power in Haiti is divided between the president and the government headed by the Prime Minister of Haiti...
(1957–1971)
- President - François Duvalier
- HondurasHondurasHonduras is a republic in Central America. It was previously known as Spanish Honduras to differentiate it from British Honduras, which became the modern-day state of Belize...
- President - Oswaldo López ArellanoOswaldo López ArellanoOswaldo Enrique López Arellano was a two-time President of Honduras, first from 1963 to 1971 and again from 1972 to 1975. He gained power both times via military force....
, President of HondurasPresident of HondurasThis page lists the Presidents of Honduras.Colonial Honduras declared its independence from Spain on 15 September 1821. From 5 January 1822 to 1 July 1823, Honduras was part of the First Mexican Empire of Agustín de Iturbide....
(1963–1971)
- President - Oswaldo López Arellano
- JamaicaJamaicaJamaica is an island nation of the Greater Antilles, in length, up to in width and 10,990 square kilometres in area. It is situated in the Caribbean Sea, about south of Cuba, and west of Hispaniola, the island harbouring the nation-states Haiti and the Dominican Republic...
- Monarch - Elizabeth IIElizabeth II of the United KingdomElizabeth II is the constitutional monarch of 16 sovereign states known as the Commonwealth realms: the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Jamaica, Barbados, the Bahamas, Grenada, Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, Tuvalu, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Belize,...
, Queen of JamaicaMonarchy of JamaicaThe Monarchy of Jamaica is a constitutional system of government in which a hereditary monarch is the sovereign and head of state of Jamaica, forming the core of the country's Westminster-style parliamentary democracy...
(1962–present) - Governor-General - Sir Clifford CampbellClifford CampbellSir Clifford Clarence Campbell ON, GCMG, GCVO, K.St.J was the first Jamaican-born Governor-General of Jamaica. He served in that position from December 1, 1962, until March 2, 1973....
, Governor-General of JamaicaGovernor-General of JamaicaThe Governor-General of Jamaica represents the Jamaican monarch, and head of state, who holds the title of King or Queen of Jamaica ....
(1962–1973) - Prime Minister - Sir Alexander BustamanteAlexander BustamanteSir William Alexander Clarke Bustamante GBE, National Hero of Jamaica was a Jamaican politician and labour leader....
, Prime Minister of JamaicaPrime Minister of JamaicaThe Prime Minister of Jamaica is Jamaica's head of government, currently Andrew Holness. Andrew Holness was elected as the new leader of the governing Jamaica Labour Party and succeeded Bruce Golding to become Jamaica's ninth Prime Minister on 23 October 2011...
(1962–1967)
- Monarch - Elizabeth II
- MexicoMexicoThe United Mexican States , commonly known as Mexico , is a federal constitutional republic in North America. It is bordered on the north by the United States; on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of...
- President - Gustavo Díaz OrdazGustavo Díaz OrdazGustavo Díaz Ordaz Bolaños served as the President of Mexico from 1964 to 1970.- Political career :Díaz Ordaz was born in San Andrés Chalchícomula . His father, Ramón Díaz Ordaz Redonet, worked as an accountant, while his mother, Sabina Bolaños Cacho de Díaz Ordaz, worked as a school teacher...
, President of MexicoPresident of MexicoThe President of the United Mexican States is the head of state and government of Mexico. Under the Constitution, the president is also the Supreme Commander of the Mexican armed forces...
(1964–1970)
- President - Gustavo Díaz Ordaz
- NicaraguaNicaraguaNicaragua is the largest country in the Central American American isthmus, bordered by Honduras to the north and Costa Rica to the south. The country is situated between 11 and 14 degrees north of the Equator in the Northern Hemisphere, which places it entirely within the tropics. The Pacific Ocean...
- President - René Schick, President of NicaraguaPresident of NicaraguaThe position of President of Nicaragua was created in the Constitution of 1854. From 1825 until the Constitution of 1838 the title of the position was known as Head of State and from 1838 to 1854 as Supreme Director .-Heads of State of Nicaragua within the Federal Republic of Central America...
(1963–1966)
- President - René Schick, President of Nicaragua
- PanamaPanamaPanama , officially the Republic of Panama , is the southernmost country of Central America. Situated on the isthmus connecting North and South America, it is bordered by Costa Rica to the northwest, Colombia to the southeast, the Caribbean Sea to the north and the Pacific Ocean to the south. The...
- President - Marco Aurelio Robles, President of Panama (1964–1968)
- Trinidad and TobagoTrinidad and Tobago (commonwealth realm)The commonwealth realm of Trinidad and Tobago, officially known simply as Trinidad and Tobago, was a predecessor to modern-day Republic of Trinidad and Tobago and an independent state that existed between 31 August 1962 and 1 August 1976....
- Monarch - Elizabeth IIElizabeth II of the United KingdomElizabeth II is the constitutional monarch of 16 sovereign states known as the Commonwealth realms: the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Jamaica, Barbados, the Bahamas, Grenada, Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, Tuvalu, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Belize,...
, Queen of Trinidad and TobagoCommonwealth RealmA Commonwealth realm is a sovereign state within the Commonwealth of Nations that has Elizabeth II as its monarch and head of state. The sixteen current realms have a combined land area of 18.8 million km² , and a population of 134 million, of which all, except about two million, live in the six...
(1962–1976) - Governor-General - Sir Solomon HochoySolomon HochoySir Solomon Hochoy TC, GCMG, GCVO, OBE was the last British Governor of Trinidad and Tobago, the first non-white Governor and the first Governor General after independence and the first British viceroy of non-European descent.Of Hakka Chinese background, his family emigrated to Trinidad when he...
, Governor General of Trinidad and Tobago (1960–1972) - Prime Minister - Eric WilliamsEric WilliamsEric Eustace Williams served as the first Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago. He served from 1956 until his death in 1981. He was also a noted Caribbean historian, and is widely regarded as "The Father of The Nation."...
, Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago (1956–1981)
- Monarch - Elizabeth II
- United States of America
- President - Lyndon B. JohnsonLyndon B. JohnsonLyndon Baines Johnson , often referred to as LBJ, was the 36th President of the United States after his service as the 37th Vice President of the United States...
, President of the United StatesPresident of the United StatesThe President of the United States of America is the head of state and head of government of the United States. The president leads the executive branch of the federal government and is the commander-in-chief of the United States Armed Forces....
(1963–1969)
- President - Lyndon B. Johnson
Oceania
- AustraliaAustraliaAustralia , officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area...
- Monarch - Elizabeth IIElizabeth II of the United KingdomElizabeth II is the constitutional monarch of 16 sovereign states known as the Commonwealth realms: the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Jamaica, Barbados, the Bahamas, Grenada, Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, Tuvalu, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Belize,...
, Queen of Australia (1952–present) - Governor-General -
- William Sidney, Viscount De L'IsleWilliam Sidney, 1st Viscount De L'IsleWilliam Philip Sidney, 1st Viscount De L'Isle and 6th Baron De L'Isle and Dudley VC KG GCMG GCVO KStJ PC , was the 15th Governor-General of Australia and the final non-Australian to hold the office...
, Governor-General of AustraliaGovernor-General of AustraliaThe Governor-General of the Commonwealth of Australia is the representative in Australia at federal/national level of the Australian monarch . He or she exercises the supreme executive power of the Commonwealth...
(1961–1965) - Richard Casey, Baron CaseyRichard Casey, Baron CaseyRichard Gardiner Casey, Baron Casey KG GCMG CH DSO MC KStJ PC was an Australian politician, diplomat and the 16th Governor-General of Australia.-Early life:...
, Governor-General of AustraliaGovernor-General of AustraliaThe Governor-General of the Commonwealth of Australia is the representative in Australia at federal/national level of the Australian monarch . He or she exercises the supreme executive power of the Commonwealth...
(1965–1969)
- William Sidney, Viscount De L'Isle
- Prime Minister - Sir Robert MenziesRobert MenziesSir Robert Gordon Menzies, , Australian politician, was the 12th and longest-serving Prime Minister of Australia....
, Prime Minister of AustraliaPrime Minister of AustraliaThe Prime Minister of the Commonwealth of Australia is the highest minister of the Crown, leader of the Cabinet and Head of Her Majesty's Australian Government, holding office on commission from the Governor-General of Australia. The office of Prime Minister is, in practice, the most powerful...
(1949–1966)
- Monarch - Elizabeth II
- New ZealandNew ZealandNew Zealand is an island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses and numerous smaller islands. The country is situated some east of Australia across the Tasman Sea, and roughly south of the Pacific island nations of New Caledonia, Fiji, and Tonga...
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of New ZealandMonarchy in New ZealandThe monarchy of New Zealand also referred to as The Crown in Right of New Zealand, Her Majesty in Right of New Zealand, or The Queen in Right of New Zealand is the constitutional system of government in which a hereditary monarch is the sovereign and head of state of the Realm of New Zealand,...
(1952–present) - Governor-General - Sir Bernard FergussonBernard Fergusson, Baron BallantraeBernard Edward Fergusson, Baron Ballantrae, KT, GCMG, GCVO, DSO, OBE was a brigadier in the British Army, military historian and the last British-born Governor-General of New Zealand.- Military service :...
, Governor-General of New ZealandGovernor-General of New ZealandThe Governor-General of New Zealand is the representative of the monarch of New Zealand . The Governor-General acts as the Queen's vice-regal representative in New Zealand and is often viewed as the de facto head of state....
(1962–1967) - Prime Minister - Keith HolyoakeKeith HolyoakeSir Keith Jacka Holyoake, KG, GCMG, CH, QSO, KStJ was a New Zealand politician. The only person to have been both Prime Minister and Governor-General of New Zealand, Holyoake was National Party Prime Minister from 20 September 1957 to 12 December 1957, then again from 12 December 1960 to 7...
, Prime Minister of New ZealandPrime Minister of New ZealandThe Prime Minister of New Zealand is New Zealand's head of government consequent on being the leader of the party or coalition with majority support in the Parliament of New Zealand...
(1960–1972)
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of New Zealand
- Western Samoa
- Head of State - Malietoa Tanumafili II, O le Ao o le Malo of Western SamoaO le Ao o le MaloO le Ao o le Malo is the Samoan head of state, which is the title's rough translation....
(1962–2007) - Prime Minister - Fiame Mata'afa Faumuina Mulinu’u IIFiame Mata'afa Faumuina Mulinu’u IIFiame Mata'afa Faumuina Mulinu’u II, C.B.E. was a paramount chief and the first Prime Minister of Samoa. He was Prime Minister from October 1, 1959 until February 1970 and again from March 1973 until his death in 1975...
, Prime Minister of Western Samoa (1959–1970)
- Head of State - Malietoa Tanumafili II, O le Ao o le Malo of Western Samoa
South America
- ArgentinaArgentinaArgentina , officially the Argentine Republic , is the second largest country in South America by land area, after Brazil. It is constituted as a federation of 23 provinces and an autonomous city, Buenos Aires...
- President - Arturo Umberto IlliaArturo Umberto IlliaArturo Umberto Illia was President of Argentina from October 12, 1963, to June 28, 1966, and a member of the centrist UCR.-Biography:Arturo Umberto Illia was born August 4, 1900 in Pergamino, Buenos Aires Province, to Emma Francesconi and Martín Illia, Italian Argentine immigrants from the...
, President of Argentina (1963–1966)
- President - Arturo Umberto Illia
- BoliviaBoliviaBolivia officially known as Plurinational State of Bolivia , is a landlocked country in central South America. It is the poorest country in South America...
- Head of State -
- René BarrientosRené BarrientosRené Barrientos Ortuño was a Bolivian politician who served as his country's Vice President in 1964 and as its President from 1964 to 1969....
, Chairman of the Military Junta of BoliviaPresident of BoliviaThe President of Bolivia is head of state and head of government of Bolivia. According to the current Constitution, the president is elected by popular vote to a five year term, renewable once...
(1964–1965) - René BarrientosRené BarrientosRené Barrientos Ortuño was a Bolivian politician who served as his country's Vice President in 1964 and as its President from 1964 to 1969....
+ Alfredo Ovando CandíaAlfredo Ovando CandíaAlfredo Ovando Candía was a Bolivian president and dictator , general and political figure.- Early years :...
, Co-Chairmen of the Military Junta of BoliviaPresident of BoliviaThe President of Bolivia is head of state and head of government of Bolivia. According to the current Constitution, the president is elected by popular vote to a five year term, renewable once...
(1965–1966)
- René Barrientos
- Head of State -
- Brazil
- President - Humberto de Alencar Castelo BrancoHumberto de Alencar Castelo BrancoMarshal Humberto de Alencar Castelo Branco was a Brazilian military leader and politician.He was President of Brazil, as a military dictator, after the 1964 coup d'etat...
, President of BrazilPresident of BrazilThe president of Brazil is both the head of state and head of government of the Federative Republic of Brazil. The president leads the executive branch of the federal government and is the commander-in-chief of the Brazilian Armed Forces...
(1964–1967)
- President - Humberto de Alencar Castelo Branco
- ChileChileChile ,officially the Republic of Chile , is a country in South America occupying a long, narrow coastal strip between the Andes mountains to the east and the Pacific Ocean to the west. It borders Peru to the north, Bolivia to the northeast, Argentina to the east, and the Drake Passage in the far...
- President - Eduardo Frei MontalvaEduardo Frei MontalvaEduardo Frei Montalva was a Chilean political leader of world stature. In his long political career, he was Minister of Public Works, president of his Christian Democratic Party, senator, President of the Senate, and president of Chile from 1964 to 1970...
, President of ChilePresident of ChileThe President of the Republic of Chile is both the head of state and the head of government of the Republic of Chile. The President is responsible of the government and state administration...
(1964–1970)
- President - Eduardo Frei Montalva
- ColombiaColombiaColombia, officially the Republic of Colombia , is a unitary constitutional republic comprising thirty-two departments. The country is located in northwestern South America, bordered to the east by Venezuela and Brazil; to the south by Ecuador and Peru; to the north by the Caribbean Sea; to the...
- President - Guillermo León ValenciaGuillermo León ValenciaGuillermo León Valencia Muñóz was a Colombian lawyer and statesman, who served as President of Colombia from August 7, 1962 to August 7, 1966.-Personal life:...
, President of ColombiaPresident of ColombiaThe President of Colombia is the head of state and head of government of the Republic of Colombia. The office of president was established upon the ratification of the Constitution of 1819, by the Congress of Angostura, convened in December 1819, when Colombia was part of "la Gran Colombia"...
(1962–1966)
- President - Guillermo León Valencia
- EcuadorEcuadorEcuador , officially the Republic of Ecuador is a representative democratic republic in South America, bordered by Colombia on the north, Peru on the east and south, and by the Pacific Ocean to the west. It is one of only two countries in South America, along with Chile, that do not have a border...
- Head of State - Ramón Castro JijónRamón Castro JijónRamón Castro Jijón was President of Ecuador 11 July 1963 to 29 March 1966.He was an admiral in the Ecuadorian navy and for his entire term as President he was a military ruler, serving as chairman of a military junta.-External links:*...
, Chairman of the Military Junta of Ecuador (1963–1966)
- Head of State - Ramón Castro Jijón
- ParaguayParaguayParaguay , officially the Republic of Paraguay , is a landlocked country in South America. It is bordered by Argentina to the south and southwest, Brazil to the east and northeast, and Bolivia to the northwest. Paraguay lies on both banks of the Paraguay River, which runs through the center of the...
- President - Alfredo StroessnerAlfredo StroessnerAlfredo Stroessner Matiauda, whose name is also spelled Strössner or Strößner , was a Paraguayan military officer and dictator from 1954 to 1989...
, President of ParaguayPresident of ParaguayThe President of Paraguay is according to the Paraguayan Constitution the Chief of the Executive branch of the Government of Paraguay...
(1954–1989)
- President - Alfredo Stroessner
- PeruPeruPeru , officially the Republic of Peru , is a country in western South America. It is bordered on the north by Ecuador and Colombia, on the east by Brazil, on the southeast by Bolivia, on the south by Chile, and on the west by the Pacific Ocean....
- President - Fernando Belaúnde TerryFernando Belaúnde TerryFernando Belaúnde Terry was President of Peru for two non-consecutive terms . Deposed by a military coup in 1968, he was re-elected in 1980 after eleven years of military rule...
, President of Peru (1963–1968) - Prime Minister -
- Fernando Schwalb López Aldana, President of the Council of Ministers of Peru (1963–1965)
- Daniel Becerra de la Flor, President of the Council of Ministers of Peru (1965–1967)
- President - Fernando Belaúnde Terry
- UruguayUruguayUruguay ,officially the Oriental Republic of Uruguay,sometimes the Eastern Republic of Uruguay; ) is a country in the southeastern part of South America. It is home to some 3.5 million people, of whom 1.8 million live in the capital Montevideo and its metropolitan area...
- Head of State -
- Luis GiannattasioLuis GiannattasioLuis Giannattasio Finocchietti was a Uruguayan political figure.- Background :Giannattasio was an engineer by profession and a leading member of the Uruguayan Blanco party.From 1959 to 1963, he served as Minister of Public Works...
, President of the National Council of Government of Uruguay (1964–1965) - Washington BeltránWashington BeltránWashington Beltrán Mullin was a Uruguayan political figure.-Background:A journalist by profession, and son of deputy Washington Beltrán Barbat, killed in 1920 in a duel with former Colorado President José Batlle y Ordóñez, Washington Beltrán was a prominent member of the Uruguayan National ...
, President of the National Council of Government of Uruguay (1965–1966)
- Luis Giannattasio
- Head of State -
- VenezuelaVenezuelaVenezuela , officially called the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela , is a tropical country on the northern coast of South America. It borders Colombia to the west, Guyana to the east, and Brazil to the south...
- President - Raúl LeoniRaúl LeoniRaúl Leoni Otero was President of Venezuela from 1964 until 1969. He fought against the dictators Juan Vicente Gómez and Marcos Pérez Jiménez, and was a charter member of the Acción Democrática party....
, President of Venezuela (1964–1969)
- President - Raúl Leoni