Africa

•  Algeria
  • President – Abdelaziz Bouteflika
    Abdelaziz Bouteflika
    Abdelaziz Bouteflika is the ninth President of Algeria. He has been in office since 1999. He continued emergency rule until 24 February 2011, and presided over the end of the bloody Algerian Civil War in 2002...
    
    , President of Algeria
    President of Algeria
    The President of Algeria is the head of state and chief executive of Algeria, as well as the Commander-in-Chief of the Algerian armed forces.-History of the office:...
    
     (1999–present)
  • Prime Minister – Ahmed Ouyahia
    Ahmed Ouyahia
    Ahmed Ouyahia is an Algerian politician who has been Prime Minister of Algeria since June 2008. He was previously Prime Minister from 1995 to 1998 and from 2003 to 2006. A career diplomat, he also served as Minister of Justice, and was one of the founders and a president of the RND party...
    
    , Prime Minister of Algeria
    Prime Minister of Algeria
    The Prime Minister is the head of government of Algeria.The Prime Minister is appointed by the President of Algeria, along with other ministers and members of the government that the new Prime Minister recommends. The People's National Assembly must approve the legislative program of the new...
    
     (2008–present)

•  Angola
  • President – José Eduardo dos Santos
    José Eduardo dos Santos
    José Eduardo dos Santos is an Angolan politician who has been the second and current President of Angola since 1979. As President, José Eduardo dos Santos is also the commander in chief of the Angolan Armed Forces and president of the MPLA , the party that has been ruling Angola since...
    
    , President of Angola
    President of Angola
    The President of the Republic of Angola is both head of state and head of government in Angola. While the President appoints a Prime Minister, executive authority usually belongs to the President....
    
     (1979–present)

•  Benin
  • President – Yayi Boni
    Yayi Boni
    Dr. Thomas Yayi Boni , a Beninese banker and politician, is the current President of Benin. He took office on 6 April 2006 after winning elections held in the previous month.-Biography:...
    
    , President of Benin (2006–present)
  • Prime Minister – Pascal Koupaki
    Pascal Koupaki
    Pascal Irénée Koupaki is a Beninese politician who has been Prime Minister of Benin since May 2011. Koupaki worked as an official at the Central Bank of West African States and the International Monetary Fund , and he was Director of the Cabinet of the Prime Minister from 1996 to 1998...
    
    , Prime Minister of Benin (2011–present)

•  Botswana
  • President – Ian Khama
    Ian Khama
    Lieutenant General Seretse Khama Ian Khama is a Botswana politician who has been the President of Botswana since 2008; he is also the Paramount Chief of the Bamangwato tribe...
    
    , President of Botswana
    Heads of state of Botswana
    -Presidents of Botswana :- Affiliations :- See also :*Heads of government of Botswana*Vice-President of Botswana*Colonial heads of Botswana *Lists of office-holders...
    
     (2008–present)

•  Burkina Faso
  • President – Blaise Compaoré
    Blaise Compaoré
    Blaise Compaoré has been the President of Burkina Faso since 1987 following a coup d'état that ousted then-President Thomas Sankara. In 2011, a mutiny by soldiers over unpaid housing allowances forced him to flee the capital for his hometown...
    
    , President of Burkina Faso
    Heads of state of Burkina Faso
    -List of heads of state of Burkina Faso:-Affiliations:-Latest election:-See also:*Burkina Faso**Heads of government of Burkina Faso**Colonial heads of Burkina Faso...
    
     (1987–present)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Tertius Zongo
       Tertius Zongo
       Tertius Zongo was the Prime Minister of Burkina Faso from June 2007 to April 2011.-Biography:Zongo was born in Koudougou. He has an extensive background in economics and accounting. He became Minister Delegate for Budget and Planning, under the Minister of the Economy, Finances, and Planning, in...
       
       , Prime Minister of Burkina Faso (2007–2011)
    2. Luc-Adolphe Tiao
       Luc-Adolphe Tiao
       Luc-Adolphe Tiao is a Burkinabé politician and diplomat. Tiao was appointed Prime Minister of Burkina Faso by President Blaise Compaore on 18 April 2011. He had been the country's ambassador to France since 2008, and became Prime Minister after protests by students, military personnel and...
       
       , Prime Minister of Burkina Faso (2011–present)

•  Burundi
  • President – Pierre Nkurunziza
    Pierre Nkurunziza
    Pierre Nkurunziza is a Burundian politician who has been President of Burundi since 2005. He is the Chairman of the National Council for the Defense of Democracy-Forces for the Defense of Democracy , the ruling party in Burundi, and also the current Chairman of the East African...
    
    , President of Burundi (2005–present)

•  Cameroon
  • President – Paul Biya
    Paul Biya
    Paul Biya is a Cameroonian politician who has been the President of Cameroon since 6 November 1982. A native of Cameroon's south, Biya rose rapidly as a bureaucrat under President Ahmadou Ahidjo in the 1960s, serving as Secretary-General of the Presidency from 1968 to 1975 and then as Prime...
    
    , President of Cameroon
    Heads of state of Cameroon
    -Presidents of Cameroon :-Affiliations:-Latest election:-See also:*Politics of Cameroon*Heads of government of Cameroon*Colonial heads of Cameroon...
    
     (1982–present)
  • Prime Minister – Philémon Yang, Prime Minister of Cameroon
    Prime Minister of Cameroon
    Under the current constitution of Cameroon, the Prime Minister of Cameroon is a relatively powerless executive. While the Prime Minister is officially appointed to be the head of government, the President retains most of the executive power and can fire the Prime Minister at will.-History:The...
    
     (2009–present)

•  Cape Verde
  • President –
    1. Pedro Pires
       Pedro Pires
       Pedro Verona Rodrigues Pires was the President of Cape Verde from March 2001 to September 2011. Before becoming President, he was Prime Minister from 1975 to 1991....
       
       , President of Cape Verde
       Heads of state of Cape Verde
       -Presidents of Cape Verde :-Affiliations:-Latest election:- See also :*Cape Verde**Heads of government of Cape Verde**Colonial heads of Cape Verde...
       
        (2001–2011)
    2. Jorge Carlos Fonseca
       Jorge Carlos Fonseca
       Jorge Carlos de Almeida Fonseca is a Cape Verdean politician, lawyer, and university professor who has been President of Cape Verde since 2011. He served as Minister of Foreign Affairs from 1991 to 1993...
       
       , President of Cape Verde
       Heads of state of Cape Verde
       -Presidents of Cape Verde :-Affiliations:-Latest election:- See also :*Cape Verde**Heads of government of Cape Verde**Colonial heads of Cape Verde...
       
        (2011–present)
  • Prime Minister – José Maria Neves
    José Maria Neves
    José Maria Pereira Neves on the island of Santiago , is the Prime Minister of Cape Verde.“José Maria Neves became interested in the politics and government of Cape Verde as a teen-ager.” “He was the leader of a nationalist youth organization during the country’s transition from Portuguese rule to...
    
    , Prime Minister of Cape Verde
    Heads of government of Cape Verde
    -Prime Ministers of Cape Verde :-Affiliations:-See also:*Cape Verde**Heads of state of Cape Verde**Colonial heads of Cape Verde**List of political parties in Cape Verde...
    
     (2001–present)

•  Central African Republic
  • President – François Bozizé
    François Bozizé
    François Bozizé Yangouvonda is the President of the Central African Republic. He came to power in March 2003 after leading a rebellion against President Ange-Félix Patassé and ushered in a transitional period of government...
    
    , President of the Central African Republic
    Heads of state of the Central African Republic (and Central African Empire)
    This is a complete list of the heads of state of the Central African Republic and Central African Empire. There have been five heads of state in the history of the Central African Republic and Central African Empire since independence was obtained from the French on 13 August 1960...
    
     (2003–present)
  • Prime Minister – Faustin-Archange Touadéra
    Faustin-Archange Touadéra
    Faustin-Archange Touadéra has been Prime Minister of the Central African Republic since January 2008.-Background and academic career:Touadéra was born in Bangui; his family was originally from Damara, to the north of Bangui...
    
    , Prime Minister of the Central African Republic
    Heads of government of the Central African Republic (and Central African Empire)
    This is a complete list of the heads of government of the Central African Republic and Central African Empire. There have been 21 heads of government of Central African Republic and the Central African Empire. The office of Prime Minister, the head of government, was created when the Central...
    
     (2008–present)

•  Chad
  • President – Idriss Déby
    Idriss Déby
    General Idriss Déby Itno is the President of Chad and the head of the Patriotic Salvation Movement. Déby is of the Bidyat clan of the Zaghawa ethnic group. He added "Itno" to his surname in January 2006.-Rise to power:...
    
    , President of Chad
    Heads of state of Chad
    -List of Heads of State of Chad:-Affiliations:-External links:**...
    
     (1990–present)
  • Prime Minister – Emmanuel Nadingar
    Emmanuel Nadingar
    Emmanuel Djelassem Nadingar is a Chadian politician who has been Prime Minister of Chad since March 2010.-Political career:A native of Bebidja in southwestern Chad, Nadingar was born in 1951. He obtained a degree in accounting in Brazzaville....
    
    , Prime Minister of Chad (2010–present)

•  Comoros
  • President –
    1. Ahmed Abdallah Mohamed Sambi
       Ahmed Abdallah Mohamed Sambi
       Ahmed Abdallah Mohamed Sambi is a Comorian Islamic leader and politician, and former President of Comoros. He is popularly known as 'Ayatollah'. After easily winning the 14 May 2006 presidential election with 58.02% of the national vote, Sambi was inaugurated as President of the Union of the...
       
       , President of Comoros (2006–2011)
    2. Ikililou Dhoinine
       Ikililou Dhoinine
       Ikililou Dhoinine is a Comorian politician and the current President of Comoros; he was previously a Vice-President of Comoros. Dhoinine won the 2010 Comorian presidential election where he received the most votes in the first round . He faced Mohamed Said Fazul and Abdou Djabir in a run-off...
       
       , President of Comoros (2011–present)

•  Republic of the Congo
  • President – Denis Sassou Nguesso
    Denis Sassou Nguesso
    Denis Sassou Nguesso is a Congolese politician who has been the President of Congo-Brazzaville since 1997; he was previously President from 1979 to 1992. During his first period as President, he headed the single-party regime of the Congolese Labour Party for 12 years...
    
    , President of the Republic of the Congo
    Heads of state of the Republic of the Congo
    -List of Heads of State of the Republic of the Congo :-Affiliations:-See also:*Congo*Republic of the Congo**List of heads of government of the Republic of the Congo...
    
     (1997–present)

•  Democratic Republic of the Congo
  • President – Joseph Kabila
    Joseph Kabila
    Joseph Kabila Kabange is a Congolese politician who has been President of the Democratic Republic of the Congo since January 2001. He took office ten days after the assassination of his father, President Laurent-Désiré Kabila...
    
    , President of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
    Heads of state of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
    This is the list of the Heads of State of the Democratic Republic of the Congo since independence in 1960. The current head of state is President Joseph Kabila, since 26 January 2001.-Heads of State:-Affiliations:...
    
     (2001–present)
  • Prime Minister – Adolphe Muzito
    Adolphe Muzito
    Adolphe Muzito is a Congolese politician who has been the Prime Minister of the Democratic Republic of the Congo since 2008. Muzito, a member of the Unified Lumumbist Party , was previously Minister of the Budget under Prime Minister Antoine Gizenga from 2007 to 2008.Muzito, who is from Gungu,...
    
    , Prime Minister of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
    Prime Minister of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
    The Prime Minister of the Democratic Republic of the Congo , is Congo's Head of Government.-History:The current Prime Minister of the Democratic Republic of the Congo is Adolphe Muzito...
    
     (2008–present)

•  Côte d'Ivoire
  • President –
    1. Laurent Gbagbo
       Laurent Gbagbo
       Laurent Koudou Gbagbo served as the fourth President of Côte d'Ivoire from 2000 until his arrest in April 2011. A historian by profession, he is also an amateur chemist and physicist....
       
       , President of Côte d'Ivoire
       Heads of state of Côte d'Ivoire
       -Presidents of Côte d'Ivoire :-Affiliations:-See also:*Côte d'Ivoire**Heads of government of Côte d'Ivoire**Colonial heads of the Côte d'Ivoire...
       
        (2000–2011, co-claimant 2010–2011)
    2. Alassane Ouattara
       Alassane Ouattara
       Alassane Dramane Ouattara is an Ivorian politician who has been President of Côte d'Ivoire since 2011. An economist by profession, Ouattara worked for the International Monetary Fund and the Central Bank of West African States , and he was the Prime Minister of Côte d'Ivoire from November 1990 to...
       
       , President of Côte d'Ivoire
       Heads of state of Côte d'Ivoire
       -Presidents of Côte d'Ivoire :-Affiliations:-See also:*Côte d'Ivoire**Heads of government of Côte d'Ivoire**Colonial heads of the Côte d'Ivoire...
       
        (2010–present)
  • Prime Minister –
    • Guillaume Soro
      Guillaume Soro
      Guillaume Kigbafori Soro has served as the Prime Minister of Côte d'Ivoire since 4 April 2007...
      
      , Prime Minister of Côte d'Ivoire
      Heads of government of Côte d'Ivoire
      -Prime Ministers of Côte d'Ivoire :-Affiliations:-Sources:*http://www.rulers.org* Guinness Book of Kings Rulers & Statesmen, Clive Carpenter, Guinness Superlatives Ltd...
      
       (2007–present)
    • Gilbert Aké
      Gilbert Aké
      Gilbert Marie N'gbo Aké is an Ivorian academic and politician. He was named Prime Minister of Côte d'Ivoire by Laurent Gbagbo after the latter claimed victory in the disputed 2010 presidential election.-External links:*...
      
      , Prime Minister of Côte d'Ivoire
      Heads of government of Côte d'Ivoire
      -Prime Ministers of Côte d'Ivoire :-Affiliations:-Sources:*http://www.rulers.org* Guinness Book of Kings Rulers & Statesmen, Clive Carpenter, Guinness Superlatives Ltd...
      
       (co-claimant 2010–2011)

•  Djibouti
  • President – Ismail Omar Guelleh
    Ismail Omar Guelleh
    Ismaïl Omar Guelleh is the President of Djibouti. He succeeded his uncle, Hassan Gouled Aptidon, in 1999. He is often referred to in the region by his initials 'IOG'....
    
    , President of Djibouti
    Heads of state of Djibouti
    -Presidents of Djibouti :-Affiliations:-See also:*Djibouti**Heads of government of Djibouti*French Territory of the Afars and the Issas *French Somaliland...
    
     (1999–present)
  • Prime Minister – Dileita Mohamed Dileita
    Dileita Mohamed Dileita
    Dileita Mohamed Dileita has been the Prime Minister of Djibouti since March 2001. He is the Vice-President of the main governing party, the People's Rally for Progress , and is the President of the governing coalition, the Union for a Presidential Majority .-Biography:Dileita was born in Tadjoura...
    
    , Prime Minister of Djibouti
    Heads of government of Djibouti
    -Prime Ministers of Djibouti :-Affiliations:-See also:*Djibouti**Heads of state of Djibouti*French Territory of the Afars and the Issas *French Somaliland...
    
     (2001–present)

•  Egypt
  • President –
    1. Hosni Mubarak
       Hosni Mubarak
       Muhammad Hosni Sayyid Mubarak is a former Egyptian politician and military commander. He served as the fourth President of Egypt from 1981 to 2011....
       
       , President of Egypt
       President of Egypt
       The President of the Arab Republic of Egypt is the head of state of Egypt.Under the Constitution of Egypt, the president is also the supreme commander of the armed forces and head of the executive branch of the Egyptian government....
       
        (1981–2011)
    2. Mohamed Hussein Tantawi, Acting President of Egypt
       President of Egypt
       The President of the Arab Republic of Egypt is the head of state of Egypt.Under the Constitution of Egypt, the president is also the supreme commander of the armed forces and head of the executive branch of the Egyptian government....
       
        (2011–present)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Ahmed Nazif
       Ahmed Nazif
       Ahmed Nazif served as the Prime Minister of Egypt from 14 July 2004 to 29 January 2011, when his cabinet was dismissed by President Hosni Mubarak in light of a popular uprising that led to the Egyptian Revolution of 2011...
       
       , Prime Minister of Egypt
       Prime Minister of Egypt
       The Prime Minister of Egypt is the head of the Egyptian government. According to the constitution, the prime minister is the leader of the largest political party in the Egyptian Parliament....
       
        (2004–2011)
    2. Ahmed Shafik
       Ahmed Shafik
       Ahmed Mohamed Shafik is a former senior commander in the Egyptian Air Force and politician who served as Prime Minister of Egypt from January 2011 to March 2011....
       
       , Prime Minister of Egypt
       Prime Minister of Egypt
       The Prime Minister of Egypt is the head of the Egyptian government. According to the constitution, the prime minister is the leader of the largest political party in the Egyptian Parliament....
       
        (2011)
    3. Essam Sharaf
       Essam Sharaf
       Essam Abdel-Aziz Sharaf is an Egyptian academic who has been Prime Minister of Egypt since 3 March 2011. He served as Minister of Transportation from 2004 to 2005.-Early life and education:...
       
       , Prime Minister of Egypt
       Prime Minister of Egypt
       The Prime Minister of Egypt is the head of the Egyptian government. According to the constitution, the prime minister is the leader of the largest political party in the Egyptian Parliament....
       
        (2011–present)

•  Equatorial Guinea
  • President – Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo
    Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo
    Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo is an Equatoguinean politician who has been President of Equatorial Guinea since 1979. He ousted his uncle, Francisco Macías Nguema, in an August 1979 military coup and has overseen Equatorial Guinea's emergence as an important oil producer, beginning in the 1990s...
    
    , President of Equatorial Guinea
    Heads of state of Equatorial Guinea
    -Presidents of Equatorial Guinea :-Affiliations:-See also:*Equatorial Guinea**Heads of government of Equatorial Guinea...
    
     (1979–present)
  • Prime Minister – Ignacio Milam Tang
    Ignacio Milam Tang
    Ignacio Milam Tang is an Equatoguinean politician who has been Prime Minister of Equatorial Guinea since July 2008. He is a member of the Democratic Party of Equatorial Guinea .-Political career:...
    
    , Prime Minister of Equatorial Guinea
    Heads of government of Equatorial Guinea
    -Prime Ministers of Equatorial Guinea :-Affiliations:-See also:*Equatorial Guinea**Heads of state of Equatorial Guinea...
    
     (2008–present)

•  Eritrea
  • President – Isaias Afewerki
    Isaias Afewerki
    Isaias Afewerki is the first and current President of Eritrea, attaining that status when he led the Eritrean People's Liberation Front to victory in May 1991, thus ending the 30-year old armed liberation struggle that the Eritrean people refer to as "Gedli".-Early life and rise to power:Afewerki...
    
    , President of Eritrea
    Heads of state of Eritrea
    This page contains a list of the heads of state of Eritrea.-Presidents of Eritrea :-Affiliations:-External links:*...
    
     (1991–present)

•  Ethiopia
  • President – Girma Wolde-Giorgis
    Girma Wolde-Giorgis
    Girma Wolde-Giorgis is the current President of Ethiopia.- Political career :He was elected President on 8 October 2001, as a relative unknown and a surprise choice, by a unanimous vote of the Ethiopian Parliament. The Ethiopian presidency is largely a symbolic office with little power...
    
    , President of Ethiopia (2001–present)
  • Prime Minister – Meles Zenawi
    Meles Zenawi
    Meles Zenawi Asres is the Prime Minister of Ethiopia. Since 1985, he has been chairman of the Tigrayan Peoples' Liberation Front , and is currently head of the ruling Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front .Meles was born in Adwa, Tigray in Northern Ethiopia, to an Ethiopian father from...
    
    , Prime Minister of Ethiopia
    Heads of government of Ethiopia
    This page contains a list of the Prime Ministers of Ethiopia.-Heads of Government of Ethiopia :-Affiliations:-See also:*List of Emperors of Ethiopia...
    
     (1995–present)

•  Gabon
  • President – Ali Bongo Ondimba, President of Gabon
    Heads of state of Gabon
    -Presidents of Gabon :-Affiliations:-Sources:* http://www.rulers.org/rulg1.html#gabon...
    
     (2009–present)
  • Prime Minister – Paul Biyoghé Mba
    Paul Biyoghé Mba
    Paul Biyoghé Mba is a Gabonese politician who has been Prime Minister of Gabon since July 2009. A member of the Gabonese Democratic Party , he served for years as a minister in the government prior to his appointment as Prime Minister....
    
    , Prime Minister of Gabon
    Heads of government of Gabon
    -Prime Ministers of Gabon :-Affiliations:- Sources :* http://www.rulers.org/rulg1.html#gabon...
    
     (2009–present)

•  The Gambia
  • President – Yahya Jammeh
    Yahya Jammeh
    Alhaji Dr. Yahya Abdul-Aziz Jemus Junkung Jammeh is the President of The Gambia...
    
    , President of the Gambia
    Heads of state of the Gambia
    -Heads of State of The Gambia :-Affiliations:*PPP - People's Progressive Party*APRC - Alliance for Patriotic Reorientation and Construction*Mil - Military of the Gambia...
    
     (1994–present)

•  Ghana
  • President – John Atta Mills, President of Ghana
    Heads of state of Ghana
    Prior to independence in 1957, Ghana was known as the British colony of Gold Coast. Before then it had been divided among a number of states, by far the largest of which was the Ashanti Empire, whose rulers were known as the Asantehene....
    
     (2009–present)

•  Guinea-Bissau
  • President – Malam Bacai Sanhá
    Malam Bacai Sanhá
    Malam Bacai Sanhá is a Guinea-Bissau politician who has been President of Guinea-Bissau since 8 September 2009. A member of the African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde , Sanhá was President of the National People's Assembly from 1994 to 1999 and then served as acting President...
    
    , President of Guinea-Bissau
    Heads of state of Guinea-Bissau
    -Presidents of Guinea-Bissau :-Affiliations:-Latest election:-See also:*Guinea-Bissau**List of heads of government of Guinea-Bissau...
    
     (2009–present)
  • Prime Minister – Carlos Gomes Júnior
    Carlos Gomes Júnior
    Carlos Domingos Gomes Júnior is the Prime Minister of Guinea-Bissau. He was previously Prime Minister from 10 May 2004 to 2 November 2005, and he was again appointed to that post on 25 December 2008...
    
    , Prime Minister of Guinea-Bissau
    Heads of government of Guinea-Bissau
    -Prime Ministers of Guinea-Bissau :-Affiliations:-See also:*Guinea-Bissau**List of heads of state of Guinea-Bissau**List of colonial heads of Portuguese Guinea...
    
     (2009–present)

•  Guinea
  • President - Alpha Condé
    Alpha Condé
    Alpha Condé is a Guinean politician who has been President of Guinea since December 2010. He was a political science professor at the University of Paris and spent decades in opposition to a succession of regimes in Guinea, unsuccessfully running against President Lansana Conté in the 1993 and...
    
    , President of Guinea
    Heads of state of Guinea
    -List of Heads of State of Guinea:For Colonial Heads prior to independence, see: Colonial Heads of Guinea-Affiliations:-Latest election:-See also:*Guinea**Colonial Heads of Guinea...
    
     (2010–present)
  • Prime Minister – Mohamed Said Fofana
    Mohamed Said Fofana
    Mohamed Said Fofana is the Prime Minister of Guinea. He was appointed by President Alpha Condé on December 24, 2010. His previous role was director of economic research at the commerce ministry.-References:...
    
    , Prime Minister of Guinea
    Heads of government of Guinea
    -List of Heads of Government of Guinea:-Affiliations:-See also:*Guinea**Heads of State of Guinea**Colonial Heads of Guinea*Lists of incumbents-External links:Government *...
    
     (2010–present)

•  Kenya
  • President – Mwai Kibaki
    Mwai Kibaki
    Mwai Kibaki is the current and third President of the republic of Kenya.Kibaki was previously Vice President of Kenya for ten years from 1978–1988 and also held cabinet ministerial positions, including a widely acclaimed stint as Minister for Finance , Minister for Home Affairs and Minister for...
    
    , President of Kenya
    Heads of state of Kenya
    -Heads of State of Kenya :-Affiliations:*KANU - Kenya African National Union*PNU - Party of National Unity-Latest election:-See also:*List of colonial heads of Kenya*Kenya**Heads of Government of Kenya**Vice-Presidents of Kenya...
    
     (2002–present)
  • Prime Minister – Raila Odinga
    Raila Odinga
    Raila Amollo Odinga , also popularly known to Kenyans as Agwambo, is a Kenyan politician, currently serving as the Prime Minister of Kenya in a coalition government. He has served as a Member of Parliament for Langata since 1992, was Minister of Energy from 2001 to 2002, and was Minister of Roads,...
    
    , Prime Minister of Kenya (2008–present)

•  Lesotho
  • Monarch – Letsie III
    Letsie III of Lesotho
    Letsie III is the reigning king of Lesotho. He succeeded his father, Moshoeshoe II, when the latter was forced into exile in 1990. His father was briefly restored in 1995 but soon died in a car crash in early 1996, and Letsie became king again...
    
    , King of Lesotho (1996–present)
  • Prime Minister – Pakalitha Mosisili
    Pakalitha Mosisili
    Bethuel Pakalitha Mosisili has been the Prime Minister of Lesotho since May 29, 1998. He led his party, the Lesotho Congress for Democracy , to a near-total victory in the 1998 election, and under his leadership the party also won majorities in the 2002 and 2007 elections...
    
    , Prime Minister of Lesotho (1998–present)

•  Liberia
  • President – Ellen Johnson Sirleaf, President of Liberia (2006–present)

•    Libya
  • with the fall of the capital in August 2011 the Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya was superseded by the Libyan Republic
    Libya
    Libya is an African country in the Maghreb region of North Africa bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, Egypt to the east, Sudan to the southeast, Chad and Niger to the south, and Algeria and Tunisia to the west....
    
    
  • De facto Head of State – Muammar Gaddafi
    Muammar Gaddafi
    Muammar Muhammad Abu Minyar Gaddafi or "September 1942" 20 October 2011), commonly known as Muammar Gaddafi or Colonel Gaddafi, was the official ruler of the Libyan Arab Republic from 1969 to 1977 and then the "Brother Leader" of the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya from 1977 to 2011.He seized power in a...
    
    , Guide of the Revolution of Libya (1969–2011)
  • De jure Head of State – Mohamed Abu Al-Quasim al-Zwai, Secretary General of General People's Congress of Libya (2010–2011)
  • Head of State – Mustafa Abdul Jalil
    Mustafa Abdul Jalil
    Mustafa Abdul Jalil or Abdul-Jalil is the Chairman of the National Transitional Council of Libya, and as such serves as head of state in Libya's caretaker government which was formed as a result of the 2011 Libyan civil war. He is also a spokesman for the city of Bayda...
    
    , Chairman of the National Transitional Council of Libya (2011–present)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Baghdadi Mahmudi
       Baghdadi Mahmudi
       Baghdadi Ali Mahmudi was Secretary of the General People's Committee of Libya from 5 March 2006 to as late as 1 September 2011, when he acknowledged the collapse of the GPCO and the ascendance of the National Transitional Council as a result of the Libyan civil war...
       
       , Prime Minister of Libya (2006–2011)
    2. Mahmoud Jibril
       Mahmoud Jibril
       Mahmoud Jibril el-Warfally , also transcribed Jabril or Jebril or Gebril, is a Libyan politician who served as the interim Prime Minister of Libya for seven and a half months during the 2011 Libyan civil war, chairing the executive board of the National Transitional Council from 5 March 2011 to 23...
       
       , Acting Prime Minister of Libya (2011)
    3. Ali Tarhouni
       Ali Tarhouni
       Ali Abdussalam Tarhouni is a Libyan economist and politician. Tarhouni served as the minister for oil and finance on the National Transitional Council, the provisional governing authority in Libya, from 23 March 2011 to 22 November 2011...
       
       , Acting Prime Minister of Libya (2011)
    4. Abdurrahim El-Keib
       Abdurrahim El-Keib
       Abdurrahim Khaled Abdulhafiz El-Keib, Ph.D., is a professor of electrical engineering, entrepreneur, and Libyan politician from the city of Sabratha...
       
       , Acting Prime Minister of Libya (2011–present)

•  Madagascar
  • Head of State – Andry Rajoelina
    Andry Rajoelina
    Andry Nirina Rajoelina , born May 30 1974, is the former mayor of Antananarivo who became transitional head of state of Madagascar on March 21, 2009 after the 2009 Malagasy political crisis....
    
    , President of the High Transitional Authority of Madagascar (2009–present)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Albert Camille Vital
       Albert Camille Vital
       Brigadier General Albert Camille Vital is a Malagasy Army officer, politician and civil engineer trained in the USSR. In his career, he was Chief of the Technical Office of the State Forces Staff Development , and then appointed corps commander of the first regiment of the Military Region No...
       
       , Prime Minister of Madagascar (2009–2011)
    2. Omer Beriziky
       Omer Beriziky
       Jean Omer Beriziky is a Malagasy politician and diplomat who has been Prime Minister of Madagascar in the government of consensus of President Andry Rajoelina since 2011....
       
       , Prime Minister of Madagascar (2011–present)

•  Malawi
  • President – Bingu wa Mutharika
    Bingu wa Mutharika
    Bingu wa Mutharika is a Malawi economist who is President of Malawi. He took office on 24 May 2004 after winning a disputed presidential election...
    
    , President of Malawi
    Heads of state of Malawi
    -Heads of State of Malawi :-Affiliations:*MCP - Malawi Congress Party*UDF - United Democratic Front*DPP - Democratic Progressive Party-See also:...
    
     (2004–present)

•  Mali
  • President – Amadou Toumani Touré
    Amadou Toumani Touré
    Amadou Toumani Touré is the president of Mali. He overthrew a military ruler, Moussa Traoré in 1991, then handed power to civilian authorities the next year...
    
    , President of Mali
    Heads of state of Mali
    -List of Heads of State of Mali:-Affiliations:-See also:*Heads of Government of Mali*Colonial Heads of Mali*Lists of incumbents*Elections in Mali ...
    
     (2002–present)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Modibo Sidibé
       Modibo Sidibé
       Modibo Sidibé is a Malian politician who was Prime Minister of Mali from September 2007 to April 2011.-Career:Sidibé, who was born in Bamako, was a police chief before serving as a technical adviser to the Ministry delegated to National Defense from 1986 to 1989; he was then the chief of staff of...
       
       , Prime Minister of Mali
       Heads of government of Mali
       -List of Heads of Government of Mali:-Affiliations:-External links:*...
       
        (2007–2011)
    2. Cissé Mariam Kaïdama Sidibé
       Cissé Mariam Kaïdama Sidibé
       Cissé Mariam Kaïdama Sidibé is a Malian politician and the current incumbent prime minister of the country, the first woman to be appointed to the position in Mali's history. She was announced to the position by decree on 3 April 2011, replacing Modibo Sidibé.-Early career:Mariam Kaïdama Sidibé...
       
       , Prime Minister of Mali
       Heads of government of Mali
       -List of Heads of Government of Mali:-Affiliations:-External links:*...
       
        (2011–present)

•  Mauritania
  • President – Mohamed Ould Abdel Aziz
    Mohamed Ould Abdel Aziz
    General Mohamed Ould Abdel Aziz is a Mauritanian politician, currently serving as President of Mauritania...
    
    , President of Mauritania
    Heads of state of Mauritania
    -List of Heads of State of Mauritania:-Affiliations:-See also:*Mauritania**Heads of government of Mauritania**Colonial heads of Mauritania*Lists of office-holders-External links:*...
    
     (2009–present)
  • Prime Minister – Moulaye Ould Mohamed Laghdaf
    Moulaye Ould Mohamed Laghdaf
    Moulaye Ould Mohamed Laghdaf has served as the Prime Minister of Mauritania since August 2008.Laghdaf was born in Néma. An engineer and a member of the Tajakant tribe, he became Mauritania's Ambassador to Belgium and the European Union in 2006 before being appointed as Prime Minister by junta...
    
    , Prime Minister of Mauritania
    Heads of government of Mauritania
    -List of Heads of Government of Mauritania:-Affiliations:-See also:*Mauritania**Heads of State of Mauritania**Colonial Heads of Mauritania*Lists of office-holders-External links:*...
    
     (2008–present)

•  Mauritius
  • President – Sir Anerood Jugnauth
    Anerood Jugnauth
    Sir Anerood Jugnauth , KCMG, QC, GCSK, PC, LLB, GOLH, GOP, ORS is the President of Mauritius and all its dependencies...
    
    , President of Mauritius (2003–present)
  • Prime Minister – Navin Ramgoolam
    Navin Ramgoolam
    Navinchandra Ramgoolam, GCSK, FRCP, MP is the Prime Minister of Mauritius, Minister of Defence, Home Affairs & External Communications, as well as Leader of the National Assembly. Being the leader of the Mauritian Labour Party, he serves as Member of parliament for constituency No...
    
    , Prime Minister of Mauritius (2005–present)

} (autonomous region)

• • • Chief Commissioner –
      1. Johnson Roussety
         Johnson Roussety
         Johnson Roussety was the Chief Commissioner of Rodrigues from 4 August 2006 until his resignation on 7 January 2011.-References:...
         
         , Chief Commissioner of Rodrigues (2006–2011)
      2. Gaetan Jabeemisar
         Gaetan Jabeemisar
         Gaetan Jabeemisar has been the Chief Commissioner of Rodrigues since 12 January 2011. He assumed the position following the resignation of the former Chief Commissioner, Johnson Roussety, who was under a motion of no confidence.-References:...
         
         , Chief Commissioner of Rodrigues (2011–present)
    • Chief Executive – Pritam Singh Mattan
      Pritam Singh Mattan
      Pritam Singh Mattan has been the Chief Executive of Rodrigues Island, Mauritius since March 2010.-References:...
      
      , Chief Executive of Rodrigues
      Chief Executive of Rodrigues
      The Chief Executive of Rodrigues is in daily charge of the administration on the island of Rodrigues under the Chief Commissioner of Rodrigues.The current Chief Executive is Pritam Singh Mattan.-List of Chief Executives of Rodrigues:...
      
       (2010–present)

(Overseas collectivity of France)

• • Prefect –
    1. Hubert Derache
       Hubert Derache
       Hubert Derache, born May 5, 1953 in Morteau, France, is a French politician who served as the Prefect of Mayotte from 17 August 2009 to 4 July 2011, having been appointed by order-in-council of the Council of Ministers of France on 2 July 2009.-Biography:...
       
       , Prefect of Mayotte (2009–2011)
    2. Patrick Duprat
       Patrick Duprat
       Patrick Duprat is a Mayotte politician. Formerly a sub-prefect of the French commune of Yssingeaux, Duprat was appointed Secretary-General of the Prefecture of Mayotte on 10 May 2010. He then served as acting Prefect between 4 July and 21 July 2011, from the end of Hubert Derache's tenure to the...
       
       , Acting Prefect of Mayotte (2011)
    3. Thomas Degos
       Thomas Degos
       Thomas Degos has been the Prefect of Mayotte since 21 July 2011, succeeding the acting Prefect Patrick Duprat.-References:...
       
       , Prefect of Mayotte (2011–present)

• • President of the General Council –
    1. Ahmed Attoumani Douchina
       Ahmed Attoumani Douchina
       Ahmed Attoumani Douchina is a Mahoran politician. Douchina served as the President of the General Council of Mayotte between 20 March 2009 and 3 April 2011, when he was succeeded by Daniel Zaïdani. Zaudani narrowly defeated Douchina by just one vote, or 10-9, in the Council's presidential...
       
       , President of the General Council of Mayotte
       General Council of Mayotte
       Mayotte elects on territorial level a legislature. The General Council has 19 members, elected for a three year term in single seat constituencies.- Presidents of the General Council:* Younoussa Bamana : 6 July 1977 – March 1991...
       
        (2008–2011)
    2. Daniel Zaïdani
       Daniel Zaïdani
       Daniel Zaïdani is a Mayotte politician, who has served as the President of the General Council since succeeding Ahmed Attoumani Douchina on 3 April 2011. He won the presidential election with a majority of one vote.- References :...
       
       , President of the General Council of Mayotte
       General Council of Mayotte
       Mayotte elects on territorial level a legislature. The General Council has 19 members, elected for a three year term in single seat constituencies.- Presidents of the General Council:* Younoussa Bamana : 6 July 1977 – March 1991...
       
        (2011–present)

•  Morocco
  • Monarch – Mohammed VI
    Mohammed VI of Morocco
    Mohammed VI is the present King of Morocco and Amir al-Mu'minin . He ascended to the throne on 23 July 1999 upon the death of his father.-Education:...
    
    , King of Morocco (1999–present)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Abbas El Fassi
       Abbas El Fassi
       Abbas El Fassi was the Prime Minister of Morocco from 19 September 2007 to 29 November 2011. El Fassi, a member of the Istiqlal Party, replaced independent Driss Jettou.El Fassi was born in Berkane, Morocco on September 18, 1940...
       
       , Prime Minister of Morocco (2007–2011)
    2. Abdelilah Benkirane
       Abdelilah Benkirane
       Abdelilah Benkirane is a Moroccan politician and leader of the Justice and Development Party. His party won a plurality of seats in the November 2011 parliamentary election, and he was appointed Prime Minister of Morocco on 29 November 2011.He has represented Salé in the Moroccan parliament since...
       
       , Prime Minister of Morocco (2011–present)

} (self-declared, partially recognized state)

• • • President – Mohamed Abdelaziz
      Mohamed Abdelaziz
      Mohamed Abdelaziz is the 3rd and current Secretary General of the Polisario Front and President of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic since 1976...
      
      , President of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
      President of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
      The President of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic is the head of state of the self-proclaimed Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic , an exile government based in the refugee camps of Tindouf, Algeria. From the declaration of independence on February 27, 1976 to October 16, 1982 SADR's Head of State...
      
       (1976–present)
    • Prime Minister – Abdelkader Taleb Oumar
      Abdelkader Taleb Oumar
      Abdelkader Taleb Omar is the Prime Minister of the self-declared Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic , in the framework of the government-in-exile proclaimed by the Polisario Front...
      
      , Prime Minister of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
      Prime Minister of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
      The Prime Minister of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic is the head of government of the SADR, while the President is the head of state. The Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic was proclaimed in the territory that made up the Spanish colony of Spanish Sahara on February 27, 1976...
      
       (2003–present)

•  Mozambique
  • President – Armando Guebuza
    Armando Guebuza
    Armando Emílio Guebuza is a Mozambican politician and the President of Mozambique since 2005.- Career :Armando Emílio Guebuza was born in 20 January 1943 in Portuguese East Africa...
    
    , President of Mozambique
    Heads of state of Mozambique
    -Presidents of Mozambique :-Affiliations:FRELIMO = Frente de Libertação de Moçambique...
    
     (2005–present)
  • Prime Minister – Aires Ali
    Aires Ali
    Aires Bonifácio Baptista Ali is the Prime Minister of Mozambique since 16 January 2010. He served as governor of Inhambane Province and as Minister of Education .-Notes:...
    
    , Prime Minister of Mozambique
    Heads of government of Mozambique
    -Prime Ministers of Mozambique :-Affiliations:FRELIMO = Frente da Libertação de Moçambique RENAMO = Resistencia Nacional Moçambicana -See also:*Colonial Heads of Mozambique*Heads...
    
     (2010–present)

•  Namibia
  • President – Hifikepunye Pohamba
    Hifikepunye Pohamba
    Hifikepunye Lucas Pohamba is the second and current President of Namibia. He won the 2004 and 2009 presidential elections overwhelmingly as the candidate of the South West Africa People's Organisation ruling party, taking office in March 2005. He has also been the President of SWAPO since...
    
    , President of Namibia (2005–present)
  • Prime Minister – Nahas Angula
    Nahas Angula
    Nahas Gideon Angula is the current Prime Minister of Namibia. He entered into office on March 21, 2005, when his appointment was announced by new president Hifikepunye Pohamba during the latter's inauguration. Angula received a master's degree in education from Columbia University.Angula was...
    
    , Prime Minister of Namibia
    Prime Minister of Namibia
    -Prime Ministers of Namibia :-See also:*Namibia**Politics of Namibia**List of colonial heads of Namibia **List of Presidents of Namibia...
    
     (2005–present)

•  Niger
  • Head of State –
    1. Salou Djibo
       Salou Djibo
       Lieutenant General Salou Djibo is a Nigerien military officer. Following the military coup of 18 February 2010, he became head of the Supreme Council for the Restoration of Democracy and thus de facto leader of Niger....
       
       , President of the Supreme Council for the Restoration of Democracy of Niger
       Heads of state of Niger
       -List of Heads of State of Niger:-Affiliations:-See also:*Niger*List of colonial heads of Niger*Heads of Government of Niger*Lists of Incumbents-References:*...
       
        (2010–2011)
    2. Mahamadou Issoufou
       Mahamadou Issoufou
       Mahamadou Issoufou is a Nigerien politician who has been President of Niger since 7 April 2011. Previously he was Prime Minister of Niger from 1993 to 1994 and President of the National Assembly from 1995 to 1996, and he has stood as a candidate in each presidential election since 1993.Issoufou...
       
       , President of Niger
       Heads of state of Niger
       -List of Heads of State of Niger:-Affiliations:-See also:*Niger*List of colonial heads of Niger*Heads of Government of Niger*Lists of Incumbents-References:*...
       
        (2011–present)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Mahamadou Danda
       Mahamadou Danda
       Mahamadou Danda is a Nigerien political figure who was appointed as Prime Minister of Niger by the Supreme Council for the Restoration of Democracy on 23 February 2010 and left office on 7 April 2011.-Background:...
       
       , Prime Minister of Niger
       Heads of government of Niger
       -List of Heads of Government of Niger:-Affiliations:-See also:*Niger*List of colonial heads of Niger*Heads of State of Niger*Lists of Incumbents-References:*...
       
        (2010–2011)
    2. Brigi Rafini
       Brigi Rafini
       Brigi Rafini is a Nigerien politician who has been Prime Minister of Niger since 2011. A native of Iférouane in Agadez Region and an ethnic Tuareg, Rafini was Minister of Agriculture in the late 1980s and Fourth Vice-President of the National Assembly of Niger from 2004 to 2009...
       
       , Prime Minister of Niger
       Heads of government of Niger
       -List of Heads of Government of Niger:-Affiliations:-See also:*Niger*List of colonial heads of Niger*Heads of State of Niger*Lists of Incumbents-References:*...
       
        (2011–present)

•  Nigeria
  • President – Goodluck Jonathan
    Goodluck Jonathan
    Goodluck Ebele Azikiwe Jonathan, GCFR, BNER, GCON is the 14th Head of State and current President of Nigeria.He was Governor of Bayelsa State from 9 December 2005 to 28 May 2007, and was sworn in as Vice President of the Federal Republic of Nigeria on 29 May 2007. Jonathan is a member of the...
    
    , President of Nigeria
    President of Nigeria
    The President of Nigeria is the Head of State and head of the national executive. Officially styled President of the Federal Republic of Nigeria and Commander-in-Chief of the Nigerian Armed Forces. The current President of Nigeria is Goodluck Jonathan.-History:On October 1, 1960, Nigeria gained...
    
     (2010–present)

•  Rwanda
  • President – Paul Kagame
    Paul Kagame
    Paul Kagame is the sixth and current President of the Republic of Rwanda. He rose to prominence as the leader of the Rwandan Patriotic Front , whose victory over the incumbent government in July 1994 effectively ended the Rwandan genocide...
    
    , President of Rwanda (2000–present)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Bernard Makuza
       Bernard Makuza
       Bernard Makuza is a Rwandan politician who was Prime Minister of Rwanda from 8 March 2000 to 6 October 2011. An ethnic Hutu, Makuza was a member of the Democratic Republican Movement before allegations were made that the party promoted genocide...
       
       , Prime Minister of Rwanda
       Prime Minister of Rwanda
       -List of Prime Ministers of Rwanda:-Affiliations:*Parmehutu - Party of the Hutu Emancipation Movement*MRND - National Republican Movement for Democracy and Development...
       
        (2000–2011)
    2. Pierre Habumuremyi
       Pierre Habumuremyi
       Pierre Damien Habumuremyi is a Rwandan politician who serves as the Prime Minister of Rwanda since 7 October 2011. He previously served as education minister.- References :...
       
       , Prime Minister of Rwanda
       Prime Minister of Rwanda
       -List of Prime Ministers of Rwanda:-Affiliations:*Parmehutu - Party of the Hutu Emancipation Movement*MRND - National Republican Movement for Democracy and Development...
       
        (2011–present)

(British overseas territory)

• • Governor –
    1. Andrew Gurr
       Andrew Gurr (governor)
       Andrew Murray Gurr is the current Governor of Saint Helena. He took up office on 11 November 2007 in a ceremony in Jamestown at which he declared his commitment to Saint Helena and dependencies in his inaugural speech...
       
       , Governor of Saint Helena
       Governor of Saint Helena
       The Governor of Saint Helena is the representative of the British monarch in the United Kingdom's overseas territory of Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha...
       
        (2007–2011)
    2. Ken Baddon, Acting Governor of Saint Helena
       Governor of Saint Helena
       The Governor of Saint Helena is the representative of the British monarch in the United Kingdom's overseas territory of Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha...
       
        (2011)
    3. Mark Capes, Governor of Saint Helena
       Governor of Saint Helena
       The Governor of Saint Helena is the representative of the British monarch in the United Kingdom's overseas territory of Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha...
       
        (2011–present)

•  São Tomé and Príncipe
  • President –
    1. Fradique de Menezes
       Fradique de Menezes
       Fradique Bandeira Melo de Menezes was the President of São Tomé and Príncipe from 2003 to 2011.-Early life:Menezes was born on the then Portuguese colony of São Tomé in 1942, the son of a Portuguese man and a local woman. He attended high school in Portugal...
       
       , President of São Tomé and Príncipe (2003–2011)
    2. Manuel Pinto da Costa
       Manuel Pinto da Costa
       Manuel Pinto da Costa is a Santoméan economist and politician who served as the first President of São Tomé and Príncipe from 1975 to 1991. He was again elected as President in August 2011 and took office on 3 September 2011....
       
       , President of São Tomé and Príncipe (2011–present)
  • Prime Minister – Patrice Trovoada
    Patrice Trovoada
    Patrice Emery Trovoada is a São Toméan politician. He has been Prime Minister of São Tomé and Príncipe since 14 August 2010; previously he was Prime Minister from February 2008 to June 2008.Trovoada was born in Libreville, Gabon...
    
    , Prime Minister of São Tomé and Príncipe
    Heads of government of São Tomé and Príncipe
    -Prime Ministers of São Tomé and Príncipe :-Affiliations:-See also:*São Tomé and Príncipe**Heads of State of São Tomé and Príncipe...
    
     (2010–present)
  • Príncipe
    Príncipe
    Príncipe is the northern and smaller of the two major islands of the country of São Tomé and Príncipe lying off the west coast of Africa. It has an area of 136 km² and a population of approximately 5,000. The island is a heavily eroded volcano over three million years old, surrounded by other...
    
     (self-governing province)
    • President – José Cassandra
      José Cassandra
      José Cardoso Cassandra is a São Toméan politician. He has been President of the Regional Government of Príncipe since 5 October 2006....
      
      , President of the Regional Government of Príncipe (2006–present)

•  Senegal
  • President – Abdoulaye Wade
    Abdoulaye Wade
    Abdoulaye Wade is the third and current President of Senegal, in office since 2000. He is also the Secretary-General of the Senegalese Democratic Party and has led the party since it was founded in 1974...
    
    , President of Senegal (2000–present)
  • Prime Minister – Souleymane Ndéné Ndiaye
    Souleymane Ndéné Ndiaye
    Souleymane Ndéné Ndiaye is a Senegalese politician who was appointed as Prime Minister of Senegal on 30 April 2009. He was previously Minister of the Civil Service and Labour in 2005, Director of the Cabinet of the President of the Republic from 2005 to 2007, and Minister of State for the Maritime...
    
    , Prime Minister of Senegal
    Prime Minister of Senegal
    The Prime Minister of Senegal is the head of government of Senegal. The Prime Minister is appointed by the President of Senegal, who is directly elected for a five year term. The Prime Minister, in turn, appoints the Senegalese cabinet, after consultation with the President.This is a list of the...
    
     (2009–present)

•  Seychelles
  • President – James Michel
    James Michel
    Colonel James Alix Michel is a Seychellois politician who has been President of Seychelles since April 16, 2004. He previously served as Vice-President under his predecessor, France-Albert René, from 1996 to 2004...
    
    , President of Seychelles (2004–present)

•  Sierra Leone
  • President – Ernest Bai Koroma
    Ernest Bai Koroma
    Ernest Bai Koroma is the fourth and current President of Sierra Leone. He was sworn in as President on 17 September 2007 at the State House in the capital Freetown, shortly after being declared the winner of a tense run-off in the 2007 Sierra Leone presidential election with 54.6% of the vote over...
    
    , President of Sierra Leone
    President of Sierra Leone
    The President of the Republic of Sierra Leone is the head of state and the head of government of Sierra Leone, as well as the commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces...
    
     (2007–present)

•  Somalia
  • President – Sharif Sheikh Ahmed, President of Somalia (2009–present)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed, Prime Minister of Somalia
       Prime Minister of Somalia
       This page contains a list of the Prime Ministers of Somalia.-Prime Ministers of Somalia :-Affiliations:*SYL - Somali Youth League*SNL - Somali National League...
       
        (2010–2011)
    2. Abdiweli Mohamed Ali
       Abdiweli Mohamed Ali
       Dr. Abdiweli Mohamed Ali is a Somali economist and politician. He is the Prime Minister of Somalia.-Personal life:Ali is originally from the autonomous Puntland region in northeastern Somalia. He holds both Somali and American citizenship....
       
       , Prime Minister of Somalia
       Prime Minister of Somalia
       This page contains a list of the Prime Ministers of Somalia.-Prime Ministers of Somalia :-Affiliations:*SYL - Somali Youth League*SNL - Somali National League...
       
        (2011–present)

} (unrecognized secessionist state

Foreign relations of Somaliland

Foreign relations of Somaliland are the responsibility of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Somaliland is a de facto independent state, which is regarded by all foreign governments as part of Somalia...

)

• • • President – Ahmed Mahamoud Silanyo, President of Somaliland (2010–present)

} (self-declared autonomous state)

• • • President – Abdirahman Mohamud Farole
      Abdirahman Mohamud Farole
      Abdirahman Mohamud Farole is a Somali politician. He is the fourth and current President of Puntland.-Biography:Farole was born in the qandala region of Somalia in 1945. He first pursued his post-secondary education locally, earning a Diploma of Public Health in 1964 from the Scuola Professionale...
      
      , President of Puntland (2009–present)

•  South Africa
  • President – Jacob Zuma
    Jacob Zuma
    Jacob Gedleyihlekisa Zuma is the President of South Africa, elected by parliament following his party's victory in the 2009 general election....
    
    , President of South Africa
    President of South Africa
    The President of the Republic of South Africa is the head of state and head of government under South Africa's Constitution. From 1961 to 1994, the head of state was called the State President....
    
     (2009–present)

• '
  • the autonomous region of Southern Sudan
    Government of Southern Sudan (2005–2011)
    The Government of Southern Sudan, was an autonomous government that administered the ten southern states of Sudan between its formation in July 2005 and independence as the Republic of South Sudan in July 2011. The autonomous government was initially established in Rumbek and later moved to Juba...
    
     seceded from Sudan
    Sudan
    Sudan , officially the Republic of the Sudan , is a country in North Africa, sometimes considered part of the Middle East politically. It is bordered by Egypt to the north, the Red Sea to the northeast, Eritrea and Ethiopia to the east, South Sudan to the south, the Central African Republic to the...
    
     on 9 July 2011
  • President – Salva Kiir Mayardit
    Salva Kiir Mayardit
    Salva Kiir Mayardit is the first President of the Republic of South Sudan.-Sudanese civil wars:In the late 1960s, Kiir joined the Anyanya in the First Sudanese Civil War. By the time of the 1972 Addis Ababa Agreement, he was a low-ranking officer...
    
    , President of South Sudan (2005–present)

•  Sudan
  • President – Omar al-Bashir
    Omar al-Bashir
    Lieutenant General Omar Hassan Ahmad Al-Bashir is the current President of Sudan and the head of the National Congress Party. He came to power in 1989 when he, as a brigadier in the Sudanese army, led a group of officers in a bloodless military coup that ousted the government of Prime Minister...
    
    , President of Sudan (1989–present)

} Southern Sudan

Government of Southern Sudan (2005–2011)

The Government of Southern Sudan, was an autonomous government that administered the ten southern states of Sudan between its formation in July 2005 and independence as the Republic of South Sudan in July 2011. The autonomous government was initially established in Rumbek and later moved to Juba...

 (autonomous region)

• • • President – Salva Kiir Mayardit
      Salva Kiir Mayardit
      Salva Kiir Mayardit is the first President of the Republic of South Sudan.-Sudanese civil wars:In the late 1960s, Kiir joined the Anyanya in the First Sudanese Civil War. By the time of the 1972 Addis Ababa Agreement, he was a low-ranking officer...
      
      , President of Southern Sudan (2005–2011)

•  Swaziland
  • Monarch – Mswati III
    Mswati III of Swaziland
    Mswati III is the King of Swaziland and head of the Swazi Royal Family. In 1986, he succeeded his father Sobhuza II as ruler of the southern African kingdom...
    
    , King of Swaziland (1986–present)
  • Prime Minister – Barnabas Sibusiso Dlamini
    Barnabas Sibusiso Dlamini
    Barnabas Sibusiso Dlamini is Prime Minister of Swaziland. He was Prime Minister from 1996 to 2003 and has held the position again since October 2008....
    
    , Prime Minister of Swaziland
    Heads of government of Swaziland
    -Heads of Government:-See also:*List of kings of Swaziland*lists of incumbents...
    
     (2008–present)

•  Tanzania
  • President – Jakaya Kikwete
    Jakaya Kikwete
    Jakaya Mrisho Kikwete is the 4th and current President of the United Republic of Tanzania. Kikwete was born in Msoga, Bagamoyo District, Tanganyika in present day Tanzania...
    
    , President of Tanzania (2005–present)
  • Prime Minister – Mizengo Pinda
    Mizengo Pinda
    Mizengo Kayanza Peter Pinda is a Tanzanian politician who has been Prime Minister of Tanzania since February 2008.Pinda was born in the Rukwa Region. He holds a degree in law from the University of Dar es Salaam, which he earned in 1974.He was Assistant Private Secretary to the President from 1982...
    
    , Prime Minister of Tanzania (2008–present)

} (semi-autonomous region)

• • • President – Ali Mohamed Shein
      Ali Mohamed Shein
      Dr.Ali Mohamed Shein Currently the 7th President of Zanzibar and the first President ever from Pemba Island . The former Vice President of Tanzania is originally from the island of Pemba. Dr.Shein is a member of the ruling Chama Cha Mapinduzi party...
      
      , President of Zanzibar (2010–present)

•  Togo
  • President – Faure Gnassingbé
    Faure Gnassingbé
    Faure Essozimna Gnassingbé has been the President of Togo since May 4, 2005. A son of President Gnassingbé Eyadéma, he was appointed to the government by his father, serving as Minister of Equipment, Mines, Posts, and Telecommunications from 2003 to 2005...
    
    , President of Togo (2005–present)
  • Prime Minister – Gilbert Houngbo
    Gilbert Houngbo
    Gilbert Fossoun Houngbo is the Prime Minister of Togo since 8 September 2008.-Education and career at the UN:Houngbo holds an advanced degree in business management from the University of Lomé in Togo, as well as a degree in accounting and finance from the Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières in...
    
    , Prime Minister of Togo
    Heads of government of Togo
    -Prime Ministers of Togo :-Affiliations:*CAR *CFN *CPP...
    
     (2008–present)

•  Tunisia
  • President –
    1. Zine El Abidine Ben Ali
       Zine El Abidine Ben Ali
       Zine El Abidine Ben Ali is a Tunisian political figure who was the second President of Tunisia from 1987 to 2011. Ben Ali was appointed Prime Minister in October 1987, and he assumed the Presidency on 7 November 1987 in a bloodless coup d'état that ousted President Habib Bourguiba, who was...
       
       , President of Tunisia (1987–2011)
    2. Mohamed Ghannouchi
       Mohamed Ghannouchi
       Mohamed Ghannouchi was the Prime Minister of Tunisia and was self-proclaimed acting President of the country for a few hours starting 14 January 2011, under Article 56 of the Constitution of Tunisia...
       
       , Acting President of Tunisia (2011)
    3. Fouad Mebazaa
       Fouad Mebazaa
       Fouad Mebazaa is a Tunisian politician who has been President of Tunisia since 15 January 2011. He was active in Neo Destour prior to Tunisian independence, served as Minister of Youth and Sports, Minister of Public Health, and Minister of Culture and Information, and has been President of the...
       
       , Acting President of Tunisia (2011-present)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Mohamed Ghannouchi
       Mohamed Ghannouchi
       Mohamed Ghannouchi was the Prime Minister of Tunisia and was self-proclaimed acting President of the country for a few hours starting 14 January 2011, under Article 56 of the Constitution of Tunisia...
       
       , Prime Minister of Tunisia
       Prime Minister of Tunisia
       The Prime Minister of the Tunisian Republic is the head of government of Tunisia. The Prime Minister is appointed by the President of Tunisia...
       
        (1999–2011)
    2. Beji Caid el Sebsi
       Beji Caid el Sebsi
       Beji Caid el Sebsi is a Tunisian lawyer and politician. Since 27 February 2011, he has been the Prime Minister of Tunisia.-Personal life:Born in Sidi Bou Said in a family from the beylical agricultural makhzen, he is the direct great-grandson of Ismail Caid Essebsi, a mamluk of Tunisian corsairs...
       
       , Prime Minister of Tunisia
       Prime Minister of Tunisia
       The Prime Minister of the Tunisian Republic is the head of government of Tunisia. The Prime Minister is appointed by the President of Tunisia...
       
        (2011-present)

•  Uganda
  • President – Yoweri Museveni
    Yoweri Museveni
    Yoweri Kaguta Museveni is a Ugandan politician and statesman. He has been President of Uganda since 26 January 1986.Museveni was involved in the war that deposed Idi Amin Dada, ending his rule in 1979, and in the rebellion that subsequently led to the demise of the Milton Obote regime in 1985...
    
    , President of Uganda
    President of Uganda
    -List of Presidents of Uganda:-Affiliations:-See also:*Uganda*Vice President of Uganda*Prime Minister of Uganda*Politics of Uganda*History of Uganda*Political parties of Uganda...
    
     (1986–present)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Apolo Nsibambi
       Apolo Nsibambi
       Apolo Robin Nsibambi is a Ugandan academic and politician who was Prime Minister of Uganda from 5 April 1999 until 24 May 2011. He was succeeded as Prime Minister by Amama Mbabazi on 24 May 2011.-Background:...
       
       , Prime Minister of Uganda
       Prime Minister of Uganda
       -List of Prime Ministers of Uganda:-Affiliations:-See also:*Uganda*President of Uganda*Vice President of Uganda*Politics of Uganda*History of Uganda*Political parties of Uganda...
       
        (1999–2011)
    2. Amama Mbabazi
       Amama Mbabazi
       Patrick Amama Mbabazi is a senior Ugandan lawyer and politician. He is the current Prime Minister of Uganda, a position he has held since 24 May 2011. Prior to his current position, he served as the Minister for Security in the Ugandan Cabinet, from February 2009 until May 2011...
       
       , Prime Minister of Uganda
       Prime Minister of Uganda
       -List of Prime Ministers of Uganda:-Affiliations:-See also:*Uganda*President of Uganda*Vice President of Uganda*Politics of Uganda*History of Uganda*Political parties of Uganda...
       
        (2011–present)

•  Zambia
  • President –
    1. Rupiah Banda
       Rupiah Banda
       Rupiah Bwezani Banda is a Zambian politician who was President of Zambia from 2008 to 2011.During the Presidency of Kenneth Kaunda, Banda held important diplomatic posts and was active in politics as a member of the United National Independence Party...
       
       , President of Zambia (2008–2011)
    2. Michael Sata
       Michael Sata
       Michael Chilufya Sata is a Zambian politician who has been the fifth President of Zambia since 23 September 2011. He leads the Patriotic Front , a major political party in Zambia. Under President Frederick Chiluba, Sata was a minister during the 1990s as part of the Movement for Multiparty...
       
       , President of Zambia (2011–present)

•  Zimbabwe
  • President – Robert Mugabe
    Robert Mugabe
    Robert Gabriel Mugabe is the President of Zimbabwe. As one of the leaders of the liberation movement against white-minority rule, he was elected into power in 1980...
    
    , President of Zimbabwe (1987–present)
  • Prime Minister – Morgan Tsvangirai
    Morgan Tsvangirai
    Morgan Richard Tsvangirai is the Prime Minister of Zimbabwe. He is the President of the Movement for Democratic Change - Tsvangirai and a key figure in the opposition to President Robert Mugabe. Tsvangirai was sworn in as the Prime Minister of Zimbabwe on 11 February 2009...
    
    , Prime Minister of Zimbabwe
    Prime Minister of Zimbabwe
    The Prime Minister of Zimbabwe is the head of government in Zimbabwe. From 1980 to 1987, Robert Mugabe was the first person to hold the position following independence from the United Kingdom. He took office when Rhodesia became the Republic of Zimbabwe on 18 April 1980...
    
     (2009–present)

Asia

•  Afghanistan
  • President – Hamid Karzai
    Hamid Karzai
    Hamid Karzai, GCMG is the 12th and current President of Afghanistan, taking office on 7 December 2004. He became a dominant political figure after the removal of the Taliban regime in late 2001...
    
    , President of Afghanistan
    President of Afghanistan
    Afghanistan has only been a republic between 1973 and 1992 and from 2001 onwards. Before 1973, it was a monarchy that was governed by a variety of kings, emirs or shahs...
    
     (2001–present)

•  Bahrain
  • Monarch - Hamad ibn Isa Al Khalifa, King of Bahrain
    King of Bahrain
    The King of Bahrain ‎ is the monarch and head of state of Bahrain. Between 1783 and 1971, the Bahraini monarch held the title of Hakim, and, from 1971 until 2002, the title of Emir...
    
     (1999–present)
  • Prime minister - Prince Khalifa ibn Salman Al Khalifa, Prime Minister of Bahrain
    Prime Minister of Bahrain
    In Bahrain, the Prime Minister is the head of government of the country. According to the Constitution of Bahrain, the Prime Minister is appointed directly by the King, and needs not be an elected member of the Council of Representatives....
    
     (1970–present)

•  Bangladesh
  • President – Zillur Rahman
    Zillur Rahman
    Md. Zillur Rahman is the President of Bangladesh and a senior presidium member of the Awami League...
    
    , President of Bangladesh (2009–present)
  • Prime Minister – Sheikh Hasina
    Sheikh Hasina
    Sheikh Hasina is a Bangladeshi politician and current Prime Minister of Bangladesh. She has been the President of the Awami League, a major political party, since 1981. She is the eldest of five children of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, the founding father of Bangladesh and widow of a reputed nuclear...
    
    , Prime Minister of Bangladesh
    Prime Minister of Bangladesh
    The Prime Minister of the People's Republic of Bangladesh is the Head of the Government of Bangladesh. The Prime Minister and the Cabinet are collectively accountable for their policies and actions to the Jatiya Sangsad Parliament, to their political party and ultimately to the electorate...
    
     (2009–present)

•  Bhutan
  • Monarch – Jigme Khesar Namgyal Wangchuck
    Jigme Khesar Namgyal Wangchuck
    Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck is the 5th and current reigning Dragon King of the Kingdom of Bhutan. He became king on 14 December 2006 being crowned on 6 November 2008.-Family:...
    
    , King of Bhutan (2006–present)
  • Prime Minister – Jigme Thinley, Prime Minister of Bhutan (2008–present)

•  Brunei
  • Monarch – Hassanal Bolkiah
    Hassanal Bolkiah
    General Haji Sir Hassan al-Bolkiah Mu'izzaddin Waddaulah GCB GCMG is the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan of Brunei Darussalam, the 29th Sultan of Brunei and the first Prime Minister of Brunei Darussalam...
    
    , Sultan of Brunei (1967–present)
  • Prime Minister – Hassanal Bolkiah
    Hassanal Bolkiah
    General Haji Sir Hassan al-Bolkiah Mu'izzaddin Waddaulah GCB GCMG is the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan of Brunei Darussalam, the 29th Sultan of Brunei and the first Prime Minister of Brunei Darussalam...
    
    , Prime Minister of Brunei
    Prime Minister of Brunei
    The Prime Minister of Brunei is a title held by the Sultan of Brunei. As the prime minister, the Sultan presides over the cabinet.As of 2011, the post is held by Hassanal Bolkiah....
    
     (1984–present)

•  Cambodia
  • Monarch – Norodom Sihamoni
    Norodom Sihamoni
    Norodom Sihamoni is the current reigning King of Cambodia. He is the eldest son of Norodom Sihanouk and Norodom Monineath Sihanouk. Previously Cambodia's ambassador to UNESCO, he was named by a nine-member throne council to become the next king after his father Norodom Sihanouk abdicated in 2004...
    
    , King of Cambodia
    King of Cambodia
    The King of Cambodia is the head of state of the Kingdom of Cambodia. The King's power is limited to that of a symbolic figurehead to whom people are to give love and respect...
    
     (2004–present)
  • Prime Minister - Hun Sen
    Hun Sen
    Hun Sen is the current Prime Minister of Cambodia.He has been the sole leader of the Cambodian People's Party , which has governed Cambodia since the Vietnamese-backed overthrow of the Khmer Rouge in 1979...
    
    , Prime Minister of Cambodia
    Prime Minister of Cambodia
    The Prime Minister of Cambodia , is the head of government of the Kingdom of Cambodia. Prime Minister is appointed by the King under Article 119 of the Constitution and is responsible for leading the government of the Kingdom.-Constitutional powers:The powers of the Prime Minister are established...
    
     (1985–present)

• '
  • Communist Party Leader – Hu Jintao
    Hu Jintao
    Hu Jintao is the current Paramount Leader of the People's Republic of China. He has held the titles of General Secretary of the Communist Party of China since 2002, President of the People's Republic of China since 2003, and Chairman of the Central Military Commission since 2004, succeeding Jiang...
    
    , General Secretary of the Communist Party of China
    General Secretary of the Communist Party of China
    The General Secretary of the Communist Party of China , officially General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, is the highest ranking official within the Communist Party of China, a standing member of the Politburo and head of the Secretariat...
    
     (2002–present)
  • President – Hu Jintao
    Hu Jintao
    Hu Jintao is the current Paramount Leader of the People's Republic of China. He has held the titles of General Secretary of the Communist Party of China since 2002, President of the People's Republic of China since 2003, and Chairman of the Central Military Commission since 2004, succeeding Jiang...
    
    , President of the People's Republic of China
    President of the People's Republic of China
    The President of the People's Republic of China is a ceremonial office and a part of State organs under the National People's Congress and it is the head of state of the People's Republic of China . The office was created by the 1982 Constitution...
    
     (2003–present)
  • Premier – Wen Jiabao
    Wen Jiabao
    Wen Jiabao is the sixth and current Premier and Party secretary of the State Council of the People's Republic of China, serving as China's head of government and leading its cabinet. In his capacity as Premier, Wen is regarded as the leading figure behind China's economic policy...
    
    , Premier of the People's Republic of China
    Premier of the People's Republic of China
    The Premier of the State Council of the People's Republic of China , sometimes also referred to as the "Prime Minister" informally, is the Leader of the State Council of the People's Republic of China , who is the head of government and holds the highest-ranking of the Civil service of the...
    
     (2003–present)

} (Special Administrative Region)

• • • Chief Executive – Donald Tsang
      Donald Tsang
      Sir Donald Tsang Yam-kuen, GBM, KBE is the current Chief Executive and President of the Executive Council of the Government of Hong Kong....
      
      , Chief Executive of Hong Kong
      Chief Executive of Hong Kong
      The Chief Executive of Hong Kong is the President of the Executive Council of Hong Kong and head of the Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region. The position was created to replace the Governor of Hong Kong, who was the head of the Hong Kong government during British rule...
      
       (2005–present)

} (Special Administrative Region)

• • • Chief Executive – Fernando Chui, Chief Executive of Macau
      Chief Executive of Macau
      The Chief Executive of Macau is the head of the government of Macau, a special administrative region of the People's Republic of China and a former Portuguese overseas province.Under the Basic Law of Macau, the CE's role is:...
      
       (2009–present)

•  East Timor
  • President – José Ramos-Horta, President of East Timor
    President of East Timor
    The President of East Timor is the Head of state of the East Timorese republic, elected by popular vote for a five-year term. The role is largely symbolic, though he is able to veto some legislation. Following elections, the president appoints as the prime minister, the leader of the majority party...
    
     (2007–present)
  • Prime Minister – Xanana Gusmão
    Xanana Gusmão
    Kay Rala Xanana Gusmão GCL is a former militant who was the first President of East Timor, serving from May 2002 to May 2007...
    
    , Prime Minister of East Timor
    Prime Minister of East Timor
    The Prime Minister of Timor-Leste is the head of government in East Timor. The President is the head of state. The Prime Minister is chosen by the political party or alliance of political parties with a majority in the national legislature and is formally appointed by the president...
    
     (2007–present)

•  India
  • President – Pratibha Patil
    Pratibha Patil
    Pratibha Devisingh Patil is the 12th President of the Republic of India and first woman to hold the office. She was sworn in as President of India on 25 July 2007, succeeding Dr. A.P.J...
    
    , President of India
    President of India
    The President of India is the head of state and first citizen of India, as well as the Supreme Commander of the Indian Armed Forces. President of India is also the formal head of all the three branches of Indian Democracy - Legislature, Executive and Judiciary...
    
     (2007–present)
  • Prime Minister – Manmohan Singh
    Manmohan Singh
    Manmohan Singh is the 13th and current Prime Minister of India. He is the only Prime Minister since Jawaharlal Nehru to return to power after completing a full five-year term. A Sikh, he is the first non-Hindu to occupy the office. Singh is also the 7th Prime Minister belonging to the Indian...
    
    , Prime Minister of India
    Prime Minister of India
    The Prime Minister of India , as addressed to in the Constitution of India — Prime Minister for the Union, is the chief of government, head of the Council of Ministers and the leader of the majority party in parliament...
    
     (2004–present)

•  Indonesia
  • President – Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono
    Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono
    Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono AC , is an Indonesian politician and retired Army general officer who has been President of Indonesia since 2004....
    
    , President of Indonesia (2004–present)

•  Iran
  • Supreme Leader – Ali Khamenei
    Ali Khamenei
    Ayatollah Seyed Ali Hoseyni Khāmene’i is the Supreme Leader of Iran and the figurative head of the Muslim conservative establishment in Iran and Twelver Shi'a marja...
    
    , Supreme Leader of Iran
    Supreme Leader of Iran
    The Supreme Leader of Iran is the highest ranking political and religious authority in the Islamic Republic of Iran. The post was established by the constitution in accordance with the concept of Guardianship of the Islamic Jurists...
    
     (1989–present)
  • President – Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, President of Iran
    President of Iran
    The President of Iran is the highest popularly elected official in, and the head of government of the Islamic Republic of Iran; although subordinate to the Supreme Leader of Iran, who functions as the country's head of state...
    
     (2005–present)

•  Iraq
  • President – Jalal Talabani
    Jalal Talabani
    Jalal Talabani is the sixth and current President of Iraq, a leading Kurdish politician. He is the first non-Arab president of Iraq, although Abdul Kareem Qasim was half Kurdish....
    
    , President of Iraq
    President of Iraq
    The President of Iraq is the head of state of Iraq and "safeguards the commitment to the Constitution and the preservation of Iraq's independence, sovereignty, unity, the security of its territories in accordance with the provisions of the Constitution." The President is elected by the Council of...
    
     (2005–present)
  • Prime Minister – Nouri al-Maliki
    Nouri al-Maliki
    Nouri Kamil Mohammed Hasan al-Maliki , also known as Jawad al-Maliki or Abu Esraa, is the Prime Minister of Iraq and the secretary-general of the Islamic Dawa Party. Al-Maliki and his government succeeded the Iraqi Transitional Government. He is currently in his second term as Prime Minister...
    
    , Prime Minister of Iraq
    Prime Minister of Iraq
    The Prime Minister of Iraq is Iraq's head of government. Prime Minister was originally an appointed office, subsidiary to the head of state, and the nominal leader of the Iraqi parliament. Under the newly adopted constitution the Prime Minister is to be the country's active executive authority...
    
     (2006–present)

•  Israel
  • President – Shimon Peres
    Shimon Peres
    GCMG is the ninth President of the State of Israel. Peres served twice as the eighth Prime Minister of Israel and once as Interim Prime Minister, and has been a member of 12 cabinets in a political career spanning over 66 years...
    
    , President of Israel
    President of Israel
    The President of the State of Israel is the head of state of Israel. The position is largely an apolitical ceremonial figurehead role, with the real executive power lying in the hands of the Prime Minister. The current president is Shimon Peres who took office on 15 July 2007...
    
     (2007–present)
  • Prime Minister – Benjamin Netanyahu
    Benjamin Netanyahu
    Benjamin "Bibi" Netanyahu is the current Prime Minister of Israel. He serves also as the Chairman of the Likud Party, as a Knesset member, as the Health Minister of Israel, as the Pensioner Affairs Minister of Israel and as the Economic Strategy Minister of Israel.Netanyahu is the first and, to...
    
    , Prime Minister of Israel
    Prime Minister of Israel
    The Prime Minister of Israel is the head of the Israeli government and the most powerful political figure in Israel . The prime minister is the country's chief executive. The official residence of the prime minister, Beit Rosh Hamemshala is in Jerusalem...
    
     (2009–present)

} (non-state administrative authority)

• • • President - Mahmoud Abbas
      Mahmoud Abbas
      Mahmoud Abbas , also known by the kunya Abu Mazen , has been the Chairman of the Palestine Liberation Organisation since 11 November 2004 and became President of the Palestinian National Authority on 15 January 2005 on the Fatah ticket.Elected to serve until 9 January 2009, he unilaterally...
      
      , President of the Palestinian National Authority (in the West Bank)
      President of the Palestinian National Authority
      The President of the Palestinian National Authority is the highest-ranking political position in the Palestinian National Authority ....
      
       (2005–present)
    • Prime Minister - Salam Fayyad
      Salam Fayyad
      Salam Fayyad is a Palestinian politician and Prime Minister of the Palestinian National Authority of the Palestinian National Authority. His first appointment, on 15 June 2007, which was justified by President Mahmoud Abbas on the basis of "national emergency", has not been confirmed by the...
      
      , Prime Minister of the Palestinian National Authority (in the West Bank)
      Prime Minister of the Palestinian National Authority
      The Prime Minister of the Palestinian National Authority is the head of government of the Palestinian Authority government.The Prime Minister's Office was created in 2003 to manage day-to-day activities of the Palestinian government. The position was created because both Israel and the United...
      
       (2007–present)

} Gaza Strip

Gaza Strip

thumb|Gaza city skylineThe Gaza Strip lies on the Eastern coast of the Mediterranean Sea. The Strip borders Egypt on the southwest and Israel on the south, east and north. It is about long, and between 6 and 12 kilometres wide, with a total area of...

 (in rebellion against the Palestinian National Authority)

• • • • President - Aziz Duwaik, Acting President of the Palestinian National Authority (in the Gaza Strip)
        President of the Palestinian National Authority
        The President of the Palestinian National Authority is the highest-ranking political position in the Palestinian National Authority ....
        
         (2009–present)
      • Prime Minister - Ismail Haniyeh, Prime Minister of the Palestinian National Authority (in the Gaza Strip)
        Prime Minister of the Palestinian National Authority
        The Prime Minister of the Palestinian National Authority is the head of government of the Palestinian Authority government.The Prime Minister's Office was created in 2003 to manage day-to-day activities of the Palestinian government. The position was created because both Israel and the United...
        
         (2007–present)

•  Japan
  • Monarch – Akihito
    Akihito
    is the current , the 125th emperor of his line according to Japan's traditional order of succession. He acceded to the throne in 1989.-Name:In Japan, the emperor is never referred to by his given name, but rather is referred to as "His Imperial Majesty the Emperor" which may be shortened to . In...
    
    , Emperor of Japan (1989–present)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Naoto Kan
       Naoto Kan
       is a Japanese politician, and former Prime Minister of Japan. In June 2010, then-Finance Minister Kan was elected as the leader of the Democratic Party of Japan and designated Prime Minister by the Diet to succeed Yukio Hatoyama. On 26 August 2011, Kan announced his resignation...
       
       , Prime Minister of Japan (2010–2011)
    2. Yoshihiko Noda
       Yoshihiko Noda
       is the current Prime Minister of Japan, a member of the Democratic Party of Japan , and a member of the House of Representatives in the Diet...
       
       , Prime Minister of Japan (2011–present)

•  Jordan
  • Monarch – Abdullah II, King of Jordan (1999–present)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Samir Rifai
       Samir Rifai
       Samir Zaid al-Rifai is a Jordanian politician of Palestinian descent, who was Prime Minister of Jordan from 14 December 2009 to 1 February 2011. He was replaced by Marouf al-Bakhit by the king Abdullah II, following weeks of protests in the country...
       
       , Prime Minister of Jordan (2009–2011)
    2. Marouf al-Bakhit
       Marouf al-Bakhit
       Dr. Marouf Suleiman al-Bakhit is a Jordanian politician and two-time Prime Minister. He first served as Prime Minister from 27 November 2005 until 25 November 2007 and then again from 9 February 2011 to 17 October 2011. Bakhit also held the position of Jordanian ambassador to Israel and the...
       
       , Prime Minister of Jordan (2011)
    3. Awn Shawkat Al-Khasawneh
       Awn Shawkat Al-Khasawneh
       Awn Shawkat Al-Khasawneh is the Prime Minister of Jordan. He was a judge at International Court of Justice beginning in 2000, and re-elected to serve another nine-year term on November 6, 2008.-Career:...
       
       , Prime Minister of Jordan (2011–present)

•  Kazakhstan
  • President – Nursultan Nazarbayev
    Nursultan Nazarbayev
    Nursultan Abishuly Nazarbayev has served as the President of Kazakhstan since the nation received its independence in 1991, after the fall of the Soviet Union...
    
    , President of Kazakhstan (1990–present)
  • Prime Minister – Karim Massimov
    Karim Massimov
    Karim Qajymqanuly Massimov has served as Prime Minister in the Government of Kazakhstan since 10 January 2007.Massimov is fluent in Kazakh, Russian, Chinese, English, and Arabic. He studied in China and worked in Hong Kong where he headed Kazakhstan's trading operations. At the same time, he is...
    
    , Prime Minister of Kazakhstan
    Prime Minister of Kazakhstan
    -Chairmen of the Council of People's Commissars:*Viktor Radus-Zenkovich *Mukhamedkhafiy Murzagaliyev *Saken Seyfullin *Nygmet Nurmakov...
    
     (2007–present)

• '
  • Communist Party Leader – Kim Jong-il
    Kim Jong-il
    Kim Jong-il, also written as Kim Jong Il, birth name Yuri Irsenovich Kim born 16 February 1941 or 16 February 1942 , is the Supreme Leader of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea...
    
    , General Secretary of the Workers' Party of Korea
    Workers' Party of Korea
    The Workers' Party of Korea is the ruling Communist party of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea , commonly known as North Korea. It is also called the Korean Workers' Party...
    
     (1997–present)
  • De facto Head of State – Kim Jong-il
    Kim Jong-il
    Kim Jong-il, also written as Kim Jong Il, birth name Yuri Irsenovich Kim born 16 February 1941 or 16 February 1942 , is the Supreme Leader of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea...
    
    , Chairman of the National Defence Commission of North Korea
    Chairman of the National Defence Commission of North Korea
    The Chairman of the National Defense Commission of North Korea is the supreme commander of the armed forces of North Korea and the most powerful person in the government...
    
     (1993–present)
  • De jure Head of State – Kim Yong-nam
    Kim Yong-nam
    Kim Yong-nam is the current North Korean Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme People's Assembly, a position held since 1998. He was elected a member of the presidium of the politburo of the central committee of the Workers' Party of Korea in 2010.He was born in the Central District, Heijo ,...
    
    , Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme People's Assembly of North Korea (1998–present)
  • Premier – Choe Yong-rim
    Choe Yong-rim
    Choe Yong-rim is the Premier of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea since May 2011 and Workers' Party of Korea central committee presidium member since September 2010., KCNA, 29 September 2010.Choe is described by the New York Times as a "KWP insider" and a...
    
    , Premier of North Korea (2010–present)

• '
  • President – Lee Myung-bak
    Lee Myung-bak
    Lee Myung-bak is the President of South Korea. Prior to his presidency, he was the CEO of Hyundai Engineering and Construction and the mayor of Seoul. He is married to Kim Yoon-ok and has three daughters and one son. His older brother is Lee Sang-deuk, a South Korean politician. He attends the...
    
    , President of South Korea
    President of South Korea
    The President of the Republic of Korea is, according to the Constitution of the Republic of Korea, chief executive of the government, commander-in-chief of the armed forces, and the head of state of the Republic of Korea...
    
     (2008–present)
  • Prime Minister – Kim Hwang-sik
    Kim Hwang-sik
    Kim Hwang-sik is a South Korean lawyer and politician. He is the former Chairperson of the Board of Audit and Inspection. He became the Prime Minister of South Korea on 1 October 2010.-Biography:...
    
    , Prime Minister of South Korea
    Prime Minister of South Korea
    The Prime Minister of the Republic of Korea is appointed by the President with the National Assembly's approval. Unlike prime ministers in the parliamentary system, the Prime Minister of South Korea is not required to be a member of parliament....
    
     (2010–present)

•  Kuwait
  • Monarch – Sheikh Sabah Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah
    Sabah Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah
    Sheikh Sabah IV Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah is the Emir of Kuwait. Sheikh Sabah was sworn in on January 29, 2006 after confirmation by the National Assembly of Kuwait. He is the fourth son of Emir Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah. Sheikh Sabah is the head of the ruling Al-Sabah family...
    
    , Emir of Kuwait (2006–present)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Sheikh Nasser Mohammed Al-Ahmed Al-Sabah, Prime Minister of Kuwait (2006–2011)
    2. Sheikh Jaber Al-Mubarak Al-Hamad Al-Sabah
       Jaber Al-Mubarak Al-Hamad Al-Sabah
       Sheikh Jaber Al-Mubarak Al-Hamad Al-Sabah is a Kuwaiti politician who currently serves as Prime Minister of Kuwait since 30 November 2011. He previously was First Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Defence....
       
       , Prime Minister of Kuwait (2011–present)

•  Kyrgyzstan
  • President –
    1. Roza Otunbayeva
       Roza Otunbayeva
       Roza Isakovna Otunbayeva is a Kyrgyz diplomat and politican who served as the President of Kyrgyzstan from 7 April 2010 until 1 December 2011. She was sworn in on July 3, 2010, after acting as interim leader following the 2010 April revolution which led to the ousting of then President Kurmanbek...
       
       , President of Kyrgyzstan
       President of Kyrgyzstan
       The President of Kyrgyzstan is the head of state and the highest official of Kyrgyzstan. The President, according to the constitution, "is the symbol of the unity of people and state power, and is the guarantor of the Constitution of the Kyrgyz Republic, and of an individual and citizen." The...
       
        (2010–2011)
    2. Almazbek Atambayev
       Almazbek Atambayev
       Almazbek Sharshenovich Atambayev is the President of Kyrgyzstan since 1 December 2011. He previously was Prime Minister of Kyrgyzstan from 17 December 2010 to 1 December 2011, having also been Prime Minister from 29 March 2007 until 28 November 2007...
       
       , President of Kyrgyzstan
       President of Kyrgyzstan
       The President of Kyrgyzstan is the head of state and the highest official of Kyrgyzstan. The President, according to the constitution, "is the symbol of the unity of people and state power, and is the guarantor of the Constitution of the Kyrgyz Republic, and of an individual and citizen." The...
       
        (2011–present)
  • Prime Minister –
    • Almazbek Atambayev
      Almazbek Atambayev
      Almazbek Sharshenovich Atambayev is the President of Kyrgyzstan since 1 December 2011. He previously was Prime Minister of Kyrgyzstan from 17 December 2010 to 1 December 2011, having also been Prime Minister from 29 March 2007 until 28 November 2007...
      
      , Prime Minister of Kyrgyzstan
      Prime Minister of Kyrgyzstan
      The Prime Minister of Kyrgyzstan is the head of government of Kyrgyzstan. Generally, the President is in a stronger position than the Prime Minister in Kyrgyzstan. The president is allowed to appoint the Prime Minister temporarily, and his appointment is known as the acting Prime Minister...
      
       (2010–2011)
    • Omurbek Babanov
      Omurbek Babanov
      Omurbek Babanov is a Kyrgyz politician who serves as an acting Prime Minister since 23 September 2011, as the Prime Minister Almazbek Atambayev is running in the presidential elections.- References :...
      
      , Acting Prime Minister of Kyrgyzstan
      Prime Minister of Kyrgyzstan
      The Prime Minister of Kyrgyzstan is the head of government of Kyrgyzstan. Generally, the President is in a stronger position than the Prime Minister in Kyrgyzstan. The president is allowed to appoint the Prime Minister temporarily, and his appointment is known as the acting Prime Minister...
      
       (2011)
    • Bakyt Beshimov
      Bakyt Beshimov
      Bakyt Beshimov is a leader of parliamentary fraction and deputy chairman of Social Democratic Party of Kyrgyzstan. Bakyt Beshimov is a prominent opposition leader, famous for his liberal views, and speaking out against Bakiev's and Akaev's regimes....
      
      , Prime Minister of Kyrgyzstan
      Prime Minister of Kyrgyzstan
      The Prime Minister of Kyrgyzstan is the head of government of Kyrgyzstan. Generally, the President is in a stronger position than the Prime Minister in Kyrgyzstan. The president is allowed to appoint the Prime Minister temporarily, and his appointment is known as the acting Prime Minister...
      
      -designate (2011–present)

•  Laos
  • Communist Party Leader – Choummaly Sayasone
    Choummaly Sayasone
    Lieutenant General Choummaly Sayasone is General Secretary of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party and President of the Lao People's Democratic Republic...
    
    , General Secretary of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party
    Lao People's Revolutionary Party
    The Lao People's Revolutionary Party is a communist political party that has governed Laos since 1975. The policy-making organs are the politburo and the central committee. A party congress, which elects members to the politburo and central committee, is held every five years...
    
     (2006–present)
  • President – Choummaly Sayasone
    Choummaly Sayasone
    Lieutenant General Choummaly Sayasone is General Secretary of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party and President of the Lao People's Democratic Republic...
    
    , President of Laos
    President of Laos
    The President of Laos is the head of state of the People's Democratic Republic of Laos.The office of the President was created in 1975, after the takeover of the country by the Pathet Lao, which abolished the monarchy. A member of the deposed royal family, Prince Souphanouvong, was the first...
    
     (2006–present)
  • Prime Minister – Thongsing Thammavong
    Thongsing Thammavong
    Thongsing Thammavong is a Laotian politician. He is a member of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party and has been a member of the LPRP Politburo since 1991. He currently serves in the National Assembly of Laos, representing Luang Prabang Province , and was the President of the National Assembly...
    
    , Prime Minister of Laos
    Prime Minister of Laos
    The Prime Minister of Laos is the head of government of the People's Democratic Republic of Laos.-Prime Ministers:-Trivia:Between December 1959 to December 1960, Laos had 6 different Prime Ministers, after being ousted by 6 different political coups....
    
     (2010–present)

•  Lebanon
  • President – Michel Suleiman
    Michel Suleiman
    Michel Suleiman or Sleiman is the President of Lebanon. Before assuming office as President, he held the position of commander of the Lebanese Armed Forces. After LAF commander Émile Lahoud took office as president in November of 1998, Suleiman succeeded him, taking his place in December...
    
    , President of Lebanon (2008–present)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Saad Hariri
       Saad Hariri
       Saad-eddine Rafiq Al-Hariri is a Saudi-Lebanese billionaire who served as the Prime Minister of Lebanon from 2009 until 2011. He is the second son of Rafiq Hariri, the former Lebanese Prime Minister who was assassinated in 2005...
       
       , Prime Minister of Lebanon (2009–2011)
    2. Najib Mikati
       Najib Mikati
       Najib Azmi Mikati is a Lebanese politician, billionaire and is the current Prime Minister of Lebanon since 13 June 2011. From April 2005 to July 2005 he was Prime Minister of Lebanon in a caretaker government...
       
       , Prime Minister of Lebanon (2011–present)

•  Malaysia
  • Monarch – Mizan Zainal Abidin, Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia
    Yang di-Pertuan Agong
    The Yang di-Pertuan Agong is the head of state of Malaysia. The office was established in 1957 when the Federation of Malaya gained independence....
    
     (2006–present)
  • Prime Minister – Najib Razak, Prime Minister of Malaysia
    Prime Minister of Malaysia
    The Prime Minister of Malaysia is the indirectly elected head of government of Malaysia. He is officially appointed by the Yang di-Pertuan Agong, the head of state, who in HM's judgment is likely to command the confidence of the majority of the members of that House of Representatives , the...
    
     (2009–present)

•  Maldives
  • President – Mohamed Nasheed
    Mohamed Nasheed
    Mohamed Nasheed is a Maldivian politician. He is the current President of the Maldives. He is the founder of the Maldivian Democratic Party and was its presidential candidate in the October 2008 presidential election, defeating long-time President Maumoon Abdul Gayoom in a second round of voting...
    
    , President of Maldives (2008–present)

•  Mongolia
  • President – Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj, President of Mongolia
    President of Mongolia
    The President of Mongolia is the head of state of Mongolia. The Constitution of Mongolia implements a parliamentary system, so while much of the President's role is ceremonial, he or she does wield significant political power.-Election:...
    
     (2009–present)
  • Prime Minister – Sükhbaataryn Batbold
    Sükhbaataryn Batbold
    Sükhbaataryn Batbold is the Prime Minister of Mongolia. He was previously the Minister of Foreign Affairs in the government of his predecessor, Sanjaagiin Bayar.-Education and Personal Life:...
    
    , Prime Minister of Mongolia
    Prime Minister of Mongolia
    The Prime Minister of Mongolia is the highest member of the Mongolian government's executive arm, and heads the Mongolian cabinet. The Prime Minister is appointed by Parliament, and can be removed by a vote of no confidence.-Powers:...
    
     (2009–present)

•  Myanmar
  • Head of State –
    1. Than Shwe
       Than Shwe
       Senior General Than Shwe is a Burmese military leader and politician who was chairman of the State Peace and Development Council from 1992 to 2011. During the period, he held key positions of power including commander-in-chief of the Myanmar Armed Forces and head of Union Solidarity and...
       
       , Chairman of the State Peace and Development Council of Myanmar
       President of Burma
       The President of Burma is the head of state and head of government of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar, and leads the executive branch of the Burmese government, and heads the Cabinet of Burma. The president is elected by members of parliament, not by the general population. The Presidential...
       
        (1992–2011)
    2. Thein Sein
       Thein Sein
       Thein Sein is a Burmese politician and military figure who has been president of Myanmar since March 2011. Previously, he was Prime Minister from 2007 until 2011...
       
       , President of Myanmar (2011–present)
  • Prime Minister – Thein Sein
    Thein Sein
    Thein Sein is a Burmese politician and military figure who has been president of Myanmar since March 2011. Previously, he was Prime Minister from 2007 until 2011...
    
    , Prime Minister of Myanmar
    Prime Minister of Myanmar
    The Prime Minister of Burma was the head of government of Burma, also called Myanmar, from 1948 to 2011.-History of the office:The position of Prime Minister was created in 1948, when Burma gained independence from the United Kingdom. Since then, eleven people have held the office...
    
     (2007–2011)

•  Nepal
  • President – Ram Baran Yadav
    Ram Baran Yadav
    Dr Ram Baran Yadav is the current President of Nepal. He was elected in July 2008 and is the country's first President. He previously served as Minister of Health and as General Secretary of the Nepali Congress party....
    
    , President of Nepal
    President of Nepal
    The position of President of Nepal constitutes the head of state of Nepal and was created after the country was declared a republic in May 2008. Girija Prasad Koirala was the first head of state of Nepal elected by the major parties on 19 May 2006. The current head of state of Nepal is President...
    
     (2008–present)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Madhav Kumar Nepal
       Madhav Kumar Nepal
       Madhav Kumar Nepal is a Nepali politician who was Prime Minister of Nepal from May 25, 2009 until February 6, 2011. He was nominated as a PM through internal arrangements within the current ruling coaliation government of Nepal. Nepal announced his resignation as Prime Minister on June 30, 2010...
       
       , Prime Minister of Nepal (2009–2011)
    2. Jhala Nath Khanal
       Jhala Nath Khanal
       Jhala Nath Khanal was the 34th Prime Minister of Nepal having taken office in February 2011. He holds the positions of Chairman of the Communist Party of Nepal and Leader of the Constituent Assembly Parliamentary Party of the CPN .-Life and early career:Born in Sakhejung in the Ilam District,...
       
       , Prime Minister of Nepal (2011)
    3. Baburam Bhattarai
       Baburam Bhattarai
       Dr. Baburam Bhattarai is a Nepalese politician who became the 35th Prime Minister of Nepal in August 2011. He is a senior Standing Committee Member and vice chairperson of Unified Communist Party of Nepal . His party started a revolutionary People's War in Nepal in 1996 that ultimately led to the...
       
       , Prime Minister of Nepal (2011–present)

•  Oman
  • Monarch – Qaboos bin Said al Said, Sultan of Oman
    Sultan of Oman
    -List of Imams :-Nabhan Dynasty :-Ya'ariba Dynasty :-Banu Ghafir Dynasty :-Ya'ariba Dynasty :-Al Said Dynasty :-See also:...
    
     (1970–present)

•  Pakistan
  • President – Asif Ali Zardari
    Asif Ali Zardari
    Asif Ali Zardari is the 11th and current President of Pakistan and the Co-Chairman of the ruling Pakistan Peoples Party . He is also the widower of Benazir Bhutto, who served two nonconsecutive terms as Prime Minister....
    
    , President of Pakistan
    President of Pakistan
    The President of Pakistan is the head of state, as well as figurehead, of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan. Recently passed an XVIII Amendment , Pakistan has a parliamentary democratic system of government. According to the Constitution, the President is chosen by the Electoral College to serve a...
    
     (2008–present)
  • Prime Minister – Yousaf Raza Gillani
    Yousaf Raza Gillani
    Yousuf Raza Gilani is the current prime minister of Islamic Republic of Pakistan. He was nominated as Prime Minister by the PPP, with the support of its coalition partners, Pakistan Muslim League , Awami National Party, Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam and Muttahida Qaumi Movement, on 22 March 2008...
    
    , Prime Minister of Pakistan
    Prime Minister of Pakistan
    The Prime Minister of Pakistan , is the Head of Government of Pakistan who is designated to exercise as the country's Chief Executive. By the Constitution of Pakistan, Pakistan has the parliamentary democratic system of government...
    
     (2008–present)

•  Philippines
  • President – Benigno Aquino
    Benigno Aquino III
    Benigno Simeon Cojuangco Aquino III , also known as Noynoy Aquino or PNoy, is a Filipino politician who has been the 15th and current President of the Philippines since June 2010....
    
    , President of the Philippines
    President of the Philippines
    The President of the Philippines is the head of state and head of government of the Philippines. The president leads the executive branch of the Philippine government and is the commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces of the Philippines...
    
     (2010–present)
  • Mindanao
    Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao
    The Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao is the region, located in the Mindanao island group of the Philippines, that is composed of predominantly Muslim provinces, namely: Basilan , Lanao del Sur, Maguindanao, Sulu and Tawi-Tawi. It is the only region that has its own government...
    
     (autonomous region)
    • Governor – Ansaruddin Alonto-Adiong, Acting Governor of Mindanao (2009–present)

•  Qatar
  • Monarch – Sheikh Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani, Emir of Qatar (1995–present)
  • Prime Minister – Sheikh Hamad bin Jassim bin Jaber Al Thani
    Hamad bin Jassim bin Jaber Al Thani
    style="float:right;"| Sheikh Hamad bin Jassim bin Jaber bin Muhammad Al Thani is a Qatari politician and the current Prime Minister of Qatar, a position he has held since 3 April 2007, and Foreign Minister, which he has been since 11 January 1992.-Life and education:Sheikh Hamad was born in Doha,...
    
    , Prime Minister of Qatar (2007–present)

•  Saudi Arabia
  • Monarch – Abdullah
    Abdullah of Saudi Arabia
    Abdullah bin Abdul-Aziz Al Saud, Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques, is the King of Saudi Arabia. He succeeded to the throne on 1 August 2005 upon the death of his half-brother, King Fahd. When Crown Prince, he governed Saudi Arabia as regent from 1998 to 2005...
    
    , King of Saudi Arabia (2005–present)
  • Prime Minister – Abdullah
    Abdullah of Saudi Arabia
    Abdullah bin Abdul-Aziz Al Saud, Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques, is the King of Saudi Arabia. He succeeded to the throne on 1 August 2005 upon the death of his half-brother, King Fahd. When Crown Prince, he governed Saudi Arabia as regent from 1998 to 2005...
    
    , Prime Minister of Saudi Arabia
    Prime Minister of Saudi Arabia
    The Prime Minister of Saudi Arabia is formally the Head of government under the Malik , the rather absolute Head of State of the kingdom of Saudi Arabia.-History:...
    
     (2005–present)

•  Singapore
  • President –
    1. S.R. Nathan
       S.R. Nathan
       Sellapan Ramanathan is a Singaporean politician who was the sixth President of the Republic of Singapore. Usually referred to as S. R. Nathan, he was first sworn in on September 1, 1999. In 1999 and 2005, he was elected President in uncontested elections. In 2009, he surpassed Benjamin Sheares to...
       
       , President of Singapore
       President of Singapore
       The President of the Republic of Singapore is Singapore's head of state. In a Westminster parliamentary system, as which Singapore governs itself, the prime minister is the head of the government while the position of president is largely ceremonial. Before 1993, the President of Singapore was...
       
        (1999–2011)
    2. Tony Tan Keng Yam, President of Singapore
       President of Singapore
       The President of the Republic of Singapore is Singapore's head of state. In a Westminster parliamentary system, as which Singapore governs itself, the prime minister is the head of the government while the position of president is largely ceremonial. Before 1993, the President of Singapore was...
       
        (2011–present)
  • Prime Minister – Lee Hsien Loong
    Lee Hsien Loong
    Lee Hsien Loong is the third and current Prime Minister of Singapore. He is married to Ho Ching, who is the Executive Director and Chief Executive Officer of Temasek Holdings. He is the eldest son of Singapore's first Prime Minister Lee Kuan Yew....
    
    , Prime Minister of Singapore
    Prime Minister of Singapore
    The Prime Minister of the Republic of Singapore is the head of the government of the Republic of Singapore. The President of Singapore appoints as Prime Minister a Member of Parliament who, in his opinion, is most likely to command the confidence of a majority of MPs.The office of Prime Minister...
    
     (2004–present)

•  Sri Lanka
  • President – Mahinda Rajapaksa
    Mahinda Rajapaksa
    Percy Mahendra "Mahinda" Rajapaksa ; ; born November 18, 1945) is the 6th and current President of Sri Lanka and Commander in Chief of the Sri Lankan Armed Forces. A lawyer by profession, Rajapaksa was first elected to the Parliament of Sri Lanka in 1970, and served as prime minister from April 6,...
    
    , President of Sri Lanka
    President of Sri Lanka
    The President of Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka is the elected head of state and the head of government. The President is a dominant political figure in Sri Lanka. The office was created in 1978 but has grown so powerful there have been calls to restrict or even eliminate its power...
    
     (2005–present)
  • Prime Minister – D. M. Jayaratne
    D. M. Jayaratne
    Disanayaka Mudiyanselage Jayaratne MP is the 20th and current Prime Minister of Sri Lanka, and a veteran Sri Lankan politician. A founding member of the Sri Lanka Freedom Party, Jayaratne was first elected to parliament in 1970. He was sworn in as Prime Minister on April 21, 2010.-Early life:D. M...
    
    , Prime Minister of Sri Lanka
    Prime Minister of Sri Lanka
    The Prime Minister of Sri Lanka is the functional head of the Cabinet of Sri Lanka. However, the President is both head of state and head of government in Sri Lanka...
    
     (2010–present)

•  Syria
  • President – Bashar al-Assad
    Bashar al-Assad
    Bashar al-Assad is the President of Syria and Regional Secretary of the Ba'ath Party. His father Hafez al-Assad ruled Syria for 29 years until his death in 2000. Al-Assad was elected in 2000, re-elected in 2007, unopposed each time.- Early Life :...
    
    , President of Syria (2000–present)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Muhammad Naji al-Otari
       Muhammad Naji al-Otari
       Muhammad Naji al-Otari is a Syrian politician who was Prime Minister of Syria from 2003 to 2011.-Early life, education and career:...
       
       , Prime Minister of Syria (2003–2011)
    2. Adel Safar
       Adel Safar
       Adel Safar is a Syrian politician and academic, serving as Prime Minister of Syria since 3 April 2011. He previously served as Minister of Agriculture and Agrarian Reform from 2003 to 2011.-Early life and education:...
       
       , Prime Minister of Syria (2011–present)

• '
  • President – Ma Ying-jeou
    Ma Ying-jeou
    Ma Ying-jeou is the 12th term and current President of the Republic of China , commonly known as Taiwan, and the Chairman of the Kuomintang Party, also known as the Chinese Nationalist Party. He formerly served as Justice Minister from 1993 to 1996, Mayor of Taipei from 1998 to 2006, and Chairman...
    
    , President of the Republic of China
    President of the Republic of China
    The President of the Republic of China is the head of state and commander-in-chief of the Republic of China . The Republic of China was founded on January 1, 1912, to govern all of China...
    
     (2008–present)
  • Premier – Wu Den-yih
    Wu Den-yih
    Wu Den-yih is a Taiwanese politician of the Kuomintang Party, and the current Premier of the Republic of China.-Personal:Wu was born in Tsaotun, Nantou County, Taiwan...
    
    , Premier of the Republic of China
    Premier of the Republic of China
    The President of the Executive Yuan , commonly known as the Premier of the Republic of China , is the head of the Executive Yuan, the executive branch of the Republic of China , which currently administers Taiwan, Matsu, and Kinmen. The premier is appointed by the President of the Republic of China...
    
     (2009–present)

•  Tajikistan
  • President – Emomalii Rahmon, President of Tajikistan (1992–present)
  • Prime Minister – Oqil Oqilov, Prime Minister of Tajikistan (1999–present)
  • Gorno-Badakhshan
    Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Province
    Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Province is an autonomous, mountainous province in the east of Tajikistan. Located in the Pamir Mountains, it makes up 45% of the land area of the country but only 3% of the population....
    
     (autonomous province)
    • Chairman of the Administration – Kadyr Kasymov, Chairman of the Administration of Gorno-Badakhshan (2006–present)

•  Thailand
  • Monarch – Bhumibol Adulyadej
    Bhumibol Adulyadej
    Bhumibol Adulyadej is the current King of Thailand. He is known as Rama IX...
    
    , King of Thailand (1946–present)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Abhisit Vejjajiva
       Abhisit Vejjajiva
       Abhisit Vejjajiva , , ; born Mark Abhisit Vejjajiva; 3 August 1964 in Newcastle upon Tyne) is a Thai politician who was the 27th Prime Minister of Thailand from 2008 to 2011 and is the current leader of the Democrat Party...
       
       , Prime Minister of Thailand
       Prime Minister of Thailand
       The Prime Minister of Thailand is the head of government of Thailand. The Prime Minister is also the chairman of the Cabinet of Thailand. The post has existed since the Revolution of 1932, when the country became a constitutional monarchy....
       
        (2008–2011)
    2. Yingluck Shinawatra
       Yingluck Shinawatra
       Yingluck Shinawatra , or nickname Pu , is a Thai businesswoman and politician, member of the Pheu Thai Party, and the 28th Prime Minister of Thailand following the 2011 general election...
       
       , Prime Minister of Thailand
       Prime Minister of Thailand
       The Prime Minister of Thailand is the head of government of Thailand. The Prime Minister is also the chairman of the Cabinet of Thailand. The post has existed since the Revolution of 1932, when the country became a constitutional monarchy....
       
        (2011–present)

•  Turkey
  • President – Abdullah Gül
    Abdullah Gül
    Dr. Abdullah Gül, GCB is the 11th and current President of the Republic of Turkey, serving in that office since 28 August 2007. He previously served for four months as Prime Minister from 2002-03, and as Minister of Foreign Affairs from 2003-07....
    
    , President of Turkey
    President of Turkey
    The President of Turkey is the head of state of the Republic of Turkey. The presidency is largely a ceremonial office but has some important functions...
    
     (2007–present)
  • Prime Minister – Recep Tayyip Erdoğan
    Recep Tayyip Erdogan
    Recep Tayyip Erdoğan has been Prime Minister of Turkey since 2003 and is chairman of the ruling Justice and Development Party , which holds a majority of the seats in the Grand National Assembly of Turkey. Erdoğan served as Mayor of Istanbul from 1994 to 1998. He graduated in 1981 from Marmara...
    
    , Prime Minister of Turkey
    Prime Minister of Turkey
    The Prime Minister of the Turkey is the head of government in Turkish politics. The prime minister is the leader of a political coalition in the Turkish parliament and the leader of the cabinet....
    
     (2003–present)

•  Turkmenistan
  • President – Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow, President of Turkmenistan
    President of Turkmenistan
    -First Secretaries of the Turkmen Communist Party:*Ivan Mezhlauk *Shaymardan Ibragimov *Nikolay Paskutsky *Grigory Aronshtam...
    
     (2006–present)

•  United Arab Emirates
  • President – Sheikh Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan, President of the United Arab Emirates
    President of the United Arab Emirates
    The President is the Head of State of the United Arab Emirates. Because the current ruler of Abu Dhabi customarily also holds the presidency of the UAE, the office is de facto hereditary. The President is also Supreme Commander of the UAE Armed Forces and Chairman of the Supreme Council and...
    
     (2004–present)
  • Prime Minister – Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum
    Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum
    Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum , also Sheikh Mohammed, , is the Prime Minister and Vice President of the United Arab Emirates , and absolute monarch of Dubai.-Personal life and education:...
    
    , Prime Minister of the United Arab Emirates (2006–present)

•  Uzbekistan
  • President – Islam Karimov, President of Uzbekistan
    President of Uzbekistan
    President of the Republic of Uzbekistan is the Head of State and executive authority in the Republic of Uzbekistan. The office of President was established in 1991 replacing the position of First secretary of the Communist Party of Uzbekistan that has existed since 1925 while the country was known...
    
     (1990–present)
  • Prime Minister – Shavkat Mirziyoyev, Prime Minister of Uzbekistan
    Prime Minister of Uzbekistan
    According to the Constitution of Uzbekistan, the Prime Minister of Uzbekistan and the deputy ministers are appointed by the President.-Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars:*Fayzulla Khodzhayev...
    
     (2003–present)

} (autonomous republic

Autonomous republic

An autonomous republic is a type of administrative division similar to a province. A significant number of autonomous republics can be found within the successor states of the Soviet Union, but the majority are located within Russia. Many of these republics were established during the Soviet...

)

• • • President – Musa Yerniyazov, President of Karakalpakstan (2002–present)
    • Prime Minister – Bakhodir Yangiboyev, Prime Minister of Karakalpakstan (2006–present)

•  Vietnam
  • Communist Party Leader –
    1. Nông Đức Mạnh, General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam
       General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam
       The General Secretary is the leader of the Communist Party of Vietnam. The activities of Politburo and Secretariat are directed by the General Secretary. The post holder also maintains the top position in the Party's Central Military Commission, which is considered the supreme military...
       
        (2001–2011)
    2. Nguyễn Phú Trọng, General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam
       General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam
       The General Secretary is the leader of the Communist Party of Vietnam. The activities of Politburo and Secretariat are directed by the General Secretary. The post holder also maintains the top position in the Party's Central Military Commission, which is considered the supreme military...
       
        (2011–present)
  • President –
    1. Nguyễn Minh Triết, President of Vietnam
       President of Vietnam
       The President of Vietnam is the head of state of Vietnam, although the functions of the President are often ceremonial...
       
        (2006–2011)
    2. Trương Tấn Sang
       Truong Tan Sang
       Trương Tấn Sang is the president of Vietnam and the senior member of the Politburo, the executive committee of the ruling Communist Party. He was ranked as the party's number one leader following the 11th National Congress held in Hanoi in January 2011."", BaoOnline.vn, January 20, 2011. Includes...
       
       , President of Vietnam
       President of Vietnam
       The President of Vietnam is the head of state of Vietnam, although the functions of the President are often ceremonial...
       
        (2011–present)
  • Prime Minister – Nguyễn Tấn Dũng, Prime Minister of Vietnam
    Prime Minister of Vietnam
    -Office:The Prime Minister of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam is the head of the executive branch of the Vietnamese government. The Prime Minister presides over the Vietnamese cabinet, and is responsible for appointing and supervising ministers...
    
     (2006–present)

•  Yemen
  • President -
    • Ali Abdullah Saleh
      Ali Abdullah Saleh
      Field Marshal Ali Abdullah Saleh is the first President of the Republic of Yemen. Saleh previously served as President of the Yemen Arab Republic from 1978 until 1990, at which time he assumed the office of chairman of the Presidential Council of a post-unification Yemen. He is the...
      
      , President of Yemen
      President of Yemen
      The President of the Republic of Yemen is the head of state of Yemen.Under the Constitution of Yemen, the president is also the supreme commander of the armed forces and head of the executive branch of the Yemeni government....
      
       (1978–present)
    • Abd al-Rab Mansur al-Hadi
      Abd al-Rab Mansur al-Hadi
      Major General Abd Rabbuh Mansur al-Hadi is a Yemeni politician who has been the Vice President of Yemen since 3 October 1994. Between 4 June and 23 September 2011 he was the acting president of Yemen, when Ali Abdullah Saleh left for medical treatment in Saudi Arabia, after being wounded in an...
      
      , Acting President of Yemen
      President of Yemen
      The President of the Republic of Yemen is the head of state of Yemen.Under the Constitution of Yemen, the president is also the supreme commander of the armed forces and head of the executive branch of the Yemeni government....
      
       (2011)
  • Prime Minister – Ali Muhammad Mujawar, Prime Minister of Yemen
    Prime Minister of Yemen
    The Prime Minister of the Republic of Yemen is the head of government in that country. The current Prime Minister, Ali Muhammad Mujawar, has held the position since 7 April 2007. The Prime Minister is appointed by the President...
    
     (2007–present)

Europe

•  Albania
  • President – Bamir Topi
    Bamir Topi
    Bamir Myrteza Topi is the fifth and current President of Albania since 24 July 2007. He was also Honorary President of Albanian football club KF Tirana from 2005 to 2007.-Early life and public activities:...
    
    , President of Albania (2007–present)
  • Prime Minister – Sali Berisha
    Sali Berisha
    Sali Ram Berisha is an Albanian politician and cardiologist, currently the Prime Minister of Albania and the leader of Democratic Party of Albania ....
    
    , Prime Minister of Albania (2005–present)

•  Andorra
  • Monarchs
    • French Co-Prince – Nicolas Sarkozy
      Nicolas Sarkozy
      Nicolas Sarkozy is the 23rd and current President of the French Republic and ex officio Co-Prince of Andorra. He assumed the office on 16 May 2007 after defeating the Socialist Party candidate Ségolène Royal 10 days earlier....
      
      , French Co-Prince of Andorra (2007–present)
      • Representative – Christian Frémont
        Christian Frémont
        Christian Frémont is the chief of staff of Nicolas Sarkozy. As such, he is the French Representative to Andorra since September 2008.-Reference:...
        
         (2008–present)
    • Episcopal Co-Prince – Joan Enric Vives Sicília
      Joan Enric Vives Sicília
      Archbishop Joan Enric Vives i Sicília is the current Bishop of Urgell, a Roman Catholic diocese, and ex officio Co-Prince of Andorra...
      
      , Episcopal Co-Prince of Andorra (2003–present)
      • Representative – Nemesi Marqués Oste
        Nemesi Marqués Oste
        Nemesi Marquès Oste is the personal representative to Andorra of the Bishop of Urgell, who is one of the co-princes of Andorra. He is a Roman Catholic priest, and has been rector of Bellestar, a village of 55 inhabitants.- See also :...
        
         (1993–present)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Jaume Bartumeu
       Jaume Bartumeu
       Jaume Bartumeu Cassany is an Andorran lawyer and politician, who served as head of government from 2009 to 2011. He was a founding member of the Social Democratic Party in June 2000, in which he held the position of first secretary between 2000 and 2004...
       
       , Prime Minister of Andorra
       Head of Government of Andorra
       The Head of Government is the chief executive of the government of the Principality of Andorra.The current Cap de Govern is Antoni Martí.-Heads of Government:-See also:*List of Co-Princes of Andorra...
       
        (2009–2011)
    2. Pere López Agràs
       Pere López Agràs
       Pere López Agràs is an Andorran politician who served as an acting Prime Minister from April 28, 2011 until May 12, 2011.- References :...
       
       , Acting Prime Minister of Andorra
       Head of Government of Andorra
       The Head of Government is the chief executive of the government of the Principality of Andorra.The current Cap de Govern is Antoni Martí.-Heads of Government:-See also:*List of Co-Princes of Andorra...
       
        (2011)
    3. Antoni Martí
       Antoni Martí
       Antoni Martí Petit is an Andorran architect and politician who is the country's head of government since 11 May 2011, following a parliamentary election in 2011...
       
       , Prime Minister of Andorra
       Head of Government of Andorra
       The Head of Government is the chief executive of the government of the Principality of Andorra.The current Cap de Govern is Antoni Martí.-Heads of Government:-See also:*List of Co-Princes of Andorra...
       
        (2011–present)

•  Armenia
  • President – Serzh Sargsyan, President of Armenia
    President of Armenia
    President of Armenia is the title of the head of state of Armenia since its independence from the Soviet Union in 1991.-Democratic Republic of Armenia :*Avetis Aharonyan *Avetik Sahakyan *Avetis Aharonyan -Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic and Armenian...
    
     (2008–present)
  • Prime Minister – Tigran Sargsyan
    Tigran Sargsyan
    Tigran Sargsyan has been the Prime Minister of Armenia since 9 April 2008.Tigran Sargsyan was born in Kirovakan, Armenian SSR . From 1980 to 1983, he attended Leningrad's Voznesenski Financial and Economic Institute. From 1983 to 1987 his postgraduate education ended in obtaining PhD degree...
    
    , Prime Minister of Armenia
    Prime Minister of Armenia
    The Prime Minister of Armenia is the most senior minister within the Armenian government, and is required by the constitution to "oversee the Government's regular activities and coordinate the work of the Ministers." The Prime Minister is appointed by the President of Armenia, but can be removed by...
    
     (2008–present)

•  Austria
  • President – Heinz Fischer
    Heinz Fischer
    Heinz Fischer GColIH is the President of Austria. He took office on 8 July 2004 and was re-elected for a second and last term on 25 April 2010. Before he took office, Fischer was a member of the Social Democratic Party of Austria...
    
    , President of Austria
    President of Austria
    The President of Austria is the federal head of state of Austria. Though theoretically entrusted with great power by the constitution, in practice the President acts, for the most part, merely as a ceremonial figurehead...
    
     (2004–present)
  • Chancellor – Werner Faymann
    Werner Faymann
    Werner Faymann is Chancellor of Austria and chairman of the Social Democratic Party SPÖ .-Background and earlier career:Born in Vienna, Austria, he studied law at the University of Vienna for two years but did not graduate....
    
    , Chancellor of Austria
    Chancellor of Austria
    The Federal Chancellor is the head of government in Austria. Its deputy is the Vice-Chancellor. Before 1918, the equivalent office was the Minister-President of Austria. The Federal Chancellor is considered to be the most powerful political position in Austrian politics.-Appointment:The...
    
     (2008–present)

•  Azerbaijan
  • President – Ilham Aliyev
    Ilham Aliyev
    Ilham Heydar oglu Aliyev is the President of Azerbaijan since 2003. He also functions as the Chairman of the New Azerbaijan Party and the head of the National Olympic Committee...
    
    , President of Azerbaijan
    President of Azerbaijan
    The country of Azerbaijan is a presidential republic, with the President of Azerbaijan as the head of state, and the Prime Minister of Azerbaijan as head of government...
    
     (2003–present)
  • Prime Minister – Artur Rasizade
    Artur Rasizade
    Artur Tahir oğlu Rasizada , often spelled as Artur Rasizade , is the Prime Minister of Azerbaijan. Rasizada was a long-time Communist Party member during the Azerbaijan SSR period...
    
    , Prime Minister of Azerbaijan
    Prime Minister of Azerbaijan
    The Prime Minister of Azerbaijan is the head of government of Azerbaijan. The current prime minister is Artur Rasizade.-Prime Ministers:* Fath Ali Khan Khoyski * Nasib Yusifbeyli...
    
     (2003–present)

} Nakhchivan (autonomous republic

Autonomous republic

An autonomous republic is a type of administrative division similar to a province. A significant number of autonomous republics can be found within the successor states of the Soviet Union, but the majority are located within Russia. Many of these republics were established during the Soviet...

)

• • • Chairman of the Supreme Council - Vasif Talibov
      Vasif Talibov
      Vasif Talibov is the current parliamentary chairman of the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic of Azerbaijan. He is married and has three children...
      
      , Chairman of the Supreme Council of Nakhchivan (1993–present)
    • Prime Minister – Alovsat Bakhshiev, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Nakhchivan (2000–present)

} (unrecognized, secessionist state)

• • • President – Bako Sahakyan
      Bako Sahakyan
      Bako Sahakyan was the former security chief of the self-proclaimed Nagorno-Karabakh Republic and currently the fourth president of the unrecognized Nagorno-Karabakh Republic...
      
      , President of Nagorno-Karabakh
      President of Nagorno-Karabakh
      -Chairmen of Parliament :-Presidents :-Latest election:-See also:*Prime Minister of Nagorno-Karabakh Republic...
      
       (2007–present)
    • Prime Minister – Arayik Harutyunyan
      Arayik Harutyunyan
      Arayik Vladimirovich Harutyunyan is the current Prime Minister of the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic. He was suggested by the President of Nagorno-Karabakh Bako Sahakyan and was unanimously approved by the Parliament of Karabakh on 14 September 2007, by 32 out of 32 present parliamentarians.-In...
      
      , Prime Minister of Nagorno-Karabakh
      Prime Minister of Nagorno-Karabakh
      -List of Prime Ministers of the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic :-See also:*President of Nagorno-Karabakh Republic...
      
       (2007–present)

•  Belarus
  • President – Alexander Lukashenko
    Alexander Lukashenko
    Alexander Grigoryevich Lukashenko has been serving as the President of Belarus since 20 July 1994. Before his career as a politician, Lukashenko worked as director of a state-owned agricultural farm. Under Lukashenko's rule, Belarus has come to be viewed as a state whose conduct is out of line...
    
    , President of Belarus
    President of Belarus
    The office of President of Belarus is the head of state of Belarus. The office was created in 1994 with the passing of the Constitution of Belarus by the Supreme Soviet. This replaced the office of Chairman of the Supreme Soviet as the head of state...
    
     (1994–present)
  • Prime Minister – Mikhail Myasnikovich
    Mikhail Myasnikovich
    Mikhail Uladzimiravich Myasnikovich is the current Prime Minister of Belarus. He was appointed Prime Minister by President Alexander Lukashenko following the 2010 presidential election.-Personal life:...
    
    , Prime Minister of Belarus (2010–present)

•  Belgium
  • Monarch – Albert II
    Albert II of Belgium
    Albert II is the current reigning King of the Belgians, a constitutional monarch. He is a member of the royal house "of Belgium"; formerly this house was named Saxe-Coburg-Gotha...
    
    , King of the Belgians
    Monarchy of Belgium
    Monarchy in Belgium is constitutional and popular in nature. The hereditary monarch, at present Albert II, is the head of state and is officially called King of the Belgians .-Origins:...
    
     (1993–present)
  • Prime Minister – Yves Leterme
    Yves Leterme
    Yves Camille Désiré Leterme is a Flemish Belgian politician, a leader of the Christian Democratic and Flemish party , and the 48th Prime Minister of Belgium.Leterme was the Prime Minister of Belgium from March 2008 to December 2008...
    
    , Prime Minister of Belgium (2009–present)

•  Bosnia and Herzegovina
  • Head of State – Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina
    Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina
    The Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina is the head of state of Bosnia and Herzegovina.-Overview:...
    
    
    • Serb member – Nebojša Radmanović
      Nebojša Radmanovic
      Nebojša Radmanović is a Bosnian Serb politician. He finished his schooling in Banja Luka, before going on to study at the University of Belgrade Faculty of Philosophy...
      
       (2006–present), Chairman of the Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina
      Chairmen of the Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina
      The following is a list of Chairmen of the Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina.-Socialist Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina:-Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina:-Post-Dayton Bosnia and Herzegovina:-See also:...
      
       (2010–2011)
    • Croat member – Željko Komšić
      Željko Komšic
      Željko Komšić is a Bosniaks politician from the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina.On 1 October 2006, he was elected by Bosnikas as the representatives of Croat to a four-year term as the member of the Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina.-Early life and the war in Bosnia:Komšić has a law degree...
      
       (2006–present), Chairman of the Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina
      Chairmen of the Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina
      The following is a list of Chairmen of the Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina.-Socialist Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina:-Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina:-Post-Dayton Bosnia and Herzegovina:-See also:...
      
       (2011–present)
    • Bosniak member – Bakir Izetbegović
      Bakir Izetbegovic
      Bakir Izetbegović is a Bosniak politician. Izetbegović is a member of the Party of Democratic Action and son of the late Bosnian president, Alija Izetbegović. In 2010, he was elected to be the Bosniak member of the Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina.-Career:Izetbegović graduated with a degree in...
      
       (2010–present)
  • Prime Minister – Nikola Špirić
    Nikola Špiric
    Dr. Nikola Špirić born September 4, 1956 in Drvar, Bosnia and Herzegovina, then Yugoslavia) is a Bosnian Serb politician and is the Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Bosnia and Herzegovina elected on 4 January 2007....
    
    , Prime Minister of Bosnia and Herzegovina
    Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Bosnia and Herzegovina
    The following is a list of Chairmen of the Council of Ministers of Bosnia and Herzegovina.-Socialist Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina:-Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina:-Post-Dayton Bosnia and Herzegovina:...
    
     (2007–present)
  • High Representative – Valentin Inzko
    Valentin Inzko
    Valentin Inzko is an Austrian diplomat of Carinthian Slovene origin. He is currently serving as the High Representative for Bosnia and Herzegovina, a role which he assumed on March 26, 2009. He is at the same time the European Union Special Representative for Bosnia and...
    
    , High Representative for Bosnia and Herzegovina
    High Representative for Bosnia and Herzegovina
    The High Representative for Bosnia and Herzegovina, with the Office of the High Representative in Bosnia and Herzegovina, was created in 1995 immediately after the Dayton Peace Agreement to oversee the civilian implementation of this agreement. The High Representative and the OHR represent the...
    
     (2009–present)

•  Kingdom of Bulgaria
  • President – Georgi Parvanov
    Georgi Parvanov
    Georgi Sedefchov Parvanov is a President of Bulgaria, whose second and last mandate expires on January 22, 2012; he was elected after defeating his predecessor Petar Stoyanov in the second round of the presidential elections in November 2001 and he came into office on January 22, 2002...
    
    , President of Bulgaria (2002–present)
  • Prime Minister – Boyko Borisov
    Boyko Borisov
    Boyko Metodiev Borisov is a Bulgarian politician who has been Prime Minister of Bulgaria since July 2009. Previously he was Mayor of Sofia from 8 November 2005 until his election as Prime Minister....
    
    , Prime Minister of Bulgaria (2009–present)

•  Independent State of Croatia
  • President – Ivo Josipović
    Ivo Josipović
    Ivo Josipović is a Croatian politician who has been President of Croatia since 2010. Josipović entered politics as a member of the League of Communists of Croatia , and played a key role in the democratic transformation of this party as the author of the first statute of the SDP that replaced the...
    
    , President of Croatia
    President of Croatia
    The President of Croatia , officially styled the President of the Republic represents the Republic of Croatia in the country and abroad as the head of state, maintains the regular and coordinated operation and stability of the national government system, and safeguards the independence and...
    
     (2010–present)
  • Prime Minister – Jadranka Kosor
    Jadranka Kosor
    Jadranka Kosor is a Croatian politician and former journalist. She is the current Prime Minister of Croatia, having taken office on July 6, 2009, following the sudden resignation of her predecessor Ivo Sanader. She is Croatia's first female Prime Minister since independence.-Early life:Jadranka...
    
    , Prime Minister of Croatia (2009–present)

•  Cyprus
  • President – Dimitris Christofias
    Dimitris Christofias
    Dimitris Christofias also Demetris is a left-wing Greek Cypriot politician and the current and sixth President of the Republic of Cyprus. Christofias was the General Secretary of AKEL and is Cyprus's first, and the European Union's first and so far only, communist head of state. He won the 2008...
    
    , President of Cyprus (2008–present)

} (unrecognized, secessionist state

Foreign relations of Northern Cyprus

The Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, due to its unrecognized status internationally, is dependent on Turkey to facilitate its contacts with the international community...

)

• • • President – Derviş Eroğlu
      Dervis Eroglu
      Dr. Derviş Eroğlu is the President of the unrecognized Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus. He was Prime Minister of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus from 1985 to 1994 and from 1996 to 2004, and leader of the National Unity Party. His party won the general elections in 2009 and Eroğlu...
      
      , President of Northern Cyprus
      President of Northern Cyprus
      The President of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus is the head of state of the TRNC. Rauf Denktaş was the first and founder president of TRNC, and retired in 2005. His position was taken over by Mehmet Ali Talat, followed by the current president, Derviş Eroğlu.In the Turkish Republic of...
      
       (2010–present)
    • Prime Minister – İrsen Küçük
      İrsen Küçük
      İrsen Küçük is the current Prime Minister of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus. He is the nephew of Republic of Cyprus's first Vice-President Dr Fazıl Küçük.- References :...
      
      , Prime Minister of Northern Cyprus
      Prime Minister of Northern Cyprus
      The Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus takes place in a framework of a semi-presidential representative democratic republic, whereby the President is head of state and the Prime Minister head of government, and of a multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative...
      
       (2010–present)

•  Czech Republic
  • President – Václav Klaus
    Václav Klaus
    Václav Klaus is the second President of the Czech Republic and a former Prime Minister .An economist, he is co-founder of the Civic Democratic Party, the Czech Republic's largest center-right political party. Klaus is a eurosceptic, but he reluctantly endorsed the Lisbon treaty as president of...
    
    , President of the Czech Republic (2003–present)
  • Prime Minister – Petr Nečas
    Petr Necas
    Petr Nečas is the current Prime Minister of the Czech Republic and Leader of the Civic Democratic Party. He was sworn into office on 28 June 2010....
    
    , Prime Minister of the Czech Republic (2010–present)

Denmark

Kingdom of Denmark

The Kingdom of Denmark or the Danish Realm , is a constitutional monarchy and sovereign state consisting of Denmark proper in northern Europe and two autonomous constituent countries, the Faroe Islands in the North Atlantic and Greenland in North America. Denmark is the hegemonial part, where the...

• • Monarch – Margrethe II
    Margrethe II of Denmark
    Margrethe II is the Queen regnant of the Kingdom of Denmark. In 1972 she became the first female monarch of Denmark since Margaret I, ruler of the Scandinavian countries in 1375-1412 during the Kalmar Union.-Early life:...
    
    , Queen of Denmark (1972–present)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Lars Løkke Rasmussen
       Lars Løkke Rasmussen
       Lars Løkke Rasmussen is a Danish politician who served as Prime Minister of Denmark from April 2009 to October 2011. He is the leader of the centre-right liberal party, Venstre....
       
       , Prime Minister of Denmark
       Prime Minister of Denmark
       The Prime Minister of Denmark is the head of government in Danish politics. The Prime Minister is traditionally the leader of a political coalition in the Folketing and presides over the cabinet....
       
        (2009–2011)
    2. Helle Thorning-Schmidt
       Helle Thorning-Schmidt
       Helle Thorning-Schmidt is a Danish politician and the current Prime Minister of Denmark. She has been leader of the Danish Social Democrats since April 2005 and prime minister since October 2011....
       
       , Prime Minister of Denmark
       Prime Minister of Denmark
       The Prime Minister of Denmark is the head of government in Danish politics. The Prime Minister is traditionally the leader of a political coalition in the Folketing and presides over the cabinet....
       
        (2011–present)

} (autonomous region

Rigsfællesskabet

Rigsfællesskabet is a semi-official Danish term for the relations between continental Denmark and its two self-governing insular regions, the Faroe Islands and Greenland, which collectively make up the Kingdom of Denmark.-Legal status:Both the Faroe Islands and Greenland enjoy far-reaching home...

)

• • • High Commissioner – Dan M. Knudsen
      Dan M. Knudsen
      Dan M. Knudsen is the current High Commissioner for the Faroe Islands . Knudsen was appointed to the office in 2008, succeeding Søren Christensen. He previously worked in the Department of Finance in the Faroese home rule government, 1997-2000...
      
      , High Commissioner in the Faroe Islands (2008–present)
    • Prime Minister – Kaj Leo Johannesen
      Kaj Leo Johannesen
      - Handball Player for Kyndil :Kaj Leo Johannesen is not only a former football player, he is also a former handball player. He played 163 matches for Kyndil and scored 625 goals for the club.- Extern Links :* , The Prime Minister of the Faroe Islands* * * *...
      
      , Prime Minister of the Faroe Islands
      Prime Minister of the Faroe Islands
      This is a list of Prime Ministers of the Faroe Islands.The Faroese term for the function, Løgmaður literally means "Lawman".-First Ministers :-First Ministers :-See also:...
      
       (2008–present)

} (autonomous region

Rigsfællesskabet

Rigsfællesskabet is a semi-official Danish term for the relations between continental Denmark and its two self-governing insular regions, the Faroe Islands and Greenland, which collectively make up the Kingdom of Denmark.-Legal status:Both the Faroe Islands and Greenland enjoy far-reaching home...

)

• • • High Commissioner –
      1. Søren Hald Møller
         Søren Hald Møller
         Søren Hald Møller was the Danish High Commissioner in Greenland.- Career :* 1985 – 1986 Teaching at the gymnasium and HF course in Frederikshavn and Aars* 1986 – 1987 Head of the Public Procurement Board...
         
         , High Commissioner in Greenland (2005–2011)
      2. Mikaela Engell
         Mikaela Engell
         Mikaela Engell is the current Danish High Commissioner of Greenland, a post she has held since April 1, 2011. Previously she had work in the Danish Ministry of Foreign Affairs as first a Permanent Secretary and later as a counsellor. As High Commisoner she ex-officio holds the post as a member of...
         
         , High Commissioner in Greenland (2011–present)
    • Prime Minister – Kuupik Kleist
      Kuupik Kleist
      Jakob Edvard Kuupik Kleist is a Socialist and Left-wing Greenlandic politician. He became the fifth Prime Minister of Greenland in 2009, the first from the Inuit Ataqatigiit political party....
      
      , Prime Minister of Greenland (2009–present)

•  Estonia
  • President – Toomas Hendrik Ilves
    Toomas Hendrik Ilves
    Toomas Hendrik Ilves is the fourth and current President of Estonia. He is a former diplomat and journalist, was the leader of the Social Democratic Party in the 1990s and later a member of the European Parliament...
    
    , President of Estonia
    President of Estonia
    The President of the Republic is the head of state of the Republic of Estonia.Estonia is a parliamentary republic, therefore President is mainly a symbolic figure and holds no executive power. The President has to suspend his membership in any political party for his term in office...
    
     (2006–present)
  • Prime Minister – Andrus Ansip
    Andrus Ansip
    Andrus Ansip is the current Prime Minister of Estonia, and chairman of the market liberal Estonian Reform Party .-Early life and career:...
    
    , Prime Minister of Estonia
    Prime Minister of Estonia
    The Prime Minister of Estonia is the head of government of the Republic of Estonia. The prime minister is nominated by the President after appropriate consultations with the parliamentary factions and confirmed by the Parliament. In case of disagreement, the Parliament can reject the President's...
    
     (2005–present)

•  Finland
  • President – Tarja Halonen
    Tarja Halonen
    Tarja Kaarina Halonen is the incumbent President of Finland. The first female to hold the office, Halonen had previously been a member of the parliament from 1979 to 2000 when she resigned after her election to the presidency...
    
    , President of Finland
    President of Finland
    The President of the Republic of Finland is the nation's head of state. Under the Finnish constitution, executive power is vested in the President and the government, with the President possessing extensive powers. The President is elected directly by the people of Finland for a term of six years....
    
     (2000–present)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Mari Kiviniemi
       Mari Kiviniemi
       Mari Johanna Kiviniemi is a Finnish politician and former Prime Minister of Finland. On 22 June 2010, as the new leader of the Centre Party, she was elected Prime Minister of Finland by the Finnish Parliament following the resignation of Prime Minister Matti Vanhanen...
       
       , Prime Minister of Finland
       Prime Minister of Finland
       The Prime Minister is the Head of Government of Finland. The Prime Minister is appointed by the President, who is the Head of State. The current Prime Minister is Jyrki Katainen of the National Coalition Party.-Overview:...
       
        (2010–2011)
    2. Jyrki Katainen
       Jyrki Katainen
       Jyrki Tapani Katainen is the Prime Minister of Finland and chairman of the country's largest party, the National Coalition Party.-Career:...
       
       , Prime Minister of Finland
       Prime Minister of Finland
       The Prime Minister is the Head of Government of Finland. The Prime Minister is appointed by the President, who is the Head of State. The current Prime Minister is Jyrki Katainen of the National Coalition Party.-Overview:...
       
        (2011–present)

} (autonomous province)

• • • Premier –
      1. Viveka Eriksson
         Viveka Eriksson
         Viveka Eriksson or Viveca Eriksson is a politician on the autonomous Åland Islands and the current Premier of the Government of Åland...
         
         , Premier of Åland
         Government of Åland
         The Landskapsregering is the government of Åland, an autonomous territory of Finland. The government is led by a Lantråd, the premier of Åland, who is elected by the Lagting, the parliament of Åland.-List of Premiers of Åland :...
         
          (2007–2011)
      2. Camilla Gunell
         Camilla Gunell
         Camilla Gunell is a politician in the Åland Islands, an autonomous and unilingually Swedish territory of Finland, and the current Premier of the Government of Åland.-Past:*Member of the lagting 2007-2011...
         
         , Premier of Åland
         Government of Åland
         The Landskapsregering is the government of Åland, an autonomous territory of Finland. The government is led by a Lantråd, the premier of Åland, who is elected by the Lagting, the parliament of Åland.-List of Premiers of Åland :...
         
          (2011–present)

•  Early Modern France
  • President – Nicolas Sarkozy
    Nicolas Sarkozy
    Nicolas Sarkozy is the 23rd and current President of the French Republic and ex officio Co-Prince of Andorra. He assumed the office on 16 May 2007 after defeating the Socialist Party candidate Ségolène Royal 10 days earlier....
    
    , President of France (2007–present)
  • Prime Minister – François Fillon
    François Fillon
    François Charles Armand Fillon is the Prime Minister of France. He was appointed to that office by President Nicolas Sarkozy on 17 May 2007. He served initially until 13 November 2010 when he resigned from being prime minister before a planned cabinet reshuffle.On 14 November 2010, Sarkozy...
    
    , Prime Minister of France
    Prime Minister of France
    The Prime Minister of France in the Fifth Republic is the head of government and of the Council of Ministers of France. The head of state is the President of the French Republic...
    
     (2007–present)

•  Georgia (country)
  • President – Mikheil Saakashvili
    Mikheil Saakashvili
    Mikheil Saakashvili is a Georgian politician, the third and current President of Georgia and leader of the United National Movement Party.Involved in the national politics since 1995, Saakashvili became president on 25 January 2004 after President Eduard Shevardnadze resigned in a November 2003...
    
    , President of Georgia
    President of Georgia
    The President of Georgia is the head of state, supreme commander-in-chief and holder of the highest office within the Government of Georgia. Executive power is split between the President and the Prime Minister, who is the head of government...
    
     (2008–present)
  • Prime Minister – Nikoloz Gilauri
    Nikoloz Gilauri
    Nika Gilauri is a Georgian politician who has been serving as Prime Minister of Georgia since February 6, 2009. He had served as Minister for Energy and later as Minister for Finance and First Vice Prime Minister in the Cabinet of Georgia....
    
    , Prime Minister of Georgia
    Prime Minister of Georgia
    The Prime Minister of Georgia is the most senior minister within the Cabinet of Georgia, appointed by the President of Georgia. The official title of the Head of the Government of Georgia has varied throughout history, however, the duties and functions of the leader have changed only marginally....
    
     (2009–present)

} (autonomous republic

Autonomous republic

An autonomous republic is a type of administrative division similar to a province. A significant number of autonomous republics can be found within the successor states of the Soviet Union, but the majority are located within Russia. Many of these republics were established during the Soviet...

)

• • • Chairman of the Government – Levan Varshalomidze
      Levan Varshalomidze
      Levan Varshalomidze is a Georgian politician and the current Chairman of the Government of Adjara. He became the leader of this autonomous republic in southwestern Georgia following the ousting of ruler Aslan Abashidze in May 2004 .Varshalomidze was born in Batumi...
      
      , Chairman of the Government of Ajara (2004–present)

} (partially recognized secessionist state

International recognition of Abkhazia and South Ossetia

Abkhazia and South Ossetia are two breakaway republics in the Caucasus with disputed status over whether they are a part of Georgia or sovereign states. The Republic of Abkhazia and the Republic of South Ossetia were recognised following the 2008 South Ossetia War between Russia and Georgia, by six...

)

• • • President –
      1. Sergei Bagapsh
         Sergei Bagapsh
         Sergei Uasyl-ipa Bagapsh was the second President of the Republic of Abkhazia. He was Prime Minister from 1997 to 1999 and was later elected as President in 2005. He was re-elected in the 2009 presidential election...
         
         , President of Abkhazia (2005–2011)
      2. Alexander Ankvab
         Alexander Ankvab
         Alyksandr Zolotinska-ipa Ankvab is an Abkhaz politician and businessman who has been President of Abkhazia since 2011. Under President Sergei Bagapsh, he previously served as Prime Minister from 2005 to 2010 and Vice-President from 2010 to 2011....
         
         , President of Abkhazia (2011–present)
    • Prime Minister –
      1. Sergei Shamba, Prime Minister of Abkhazia (2010–2011)
      2. Leonid Lakerbaia
         Leonid Lakerbaia
         Leonid Ivan-ipa Lakerbaia is the Prime Minister of Abkhazia and chairman of the socio-political movement Aitaira...
         
         , Prime Minister of Abkhazia (2011–present)

} (partially recognized secessionist state

International recognition of Abkhazia and South Ossetia

Abkhazia and South Ossetia are two breakaway republics in the Caucasus with disputed status over whether they are a part of Georgia or sovereign states. The Republic of Abkhazia and the Republic of South Ossetia were recognised following the 2008 South Ossetia War between Russia and Georgia, by six...

)

• • • President – Eduard Kokoity
      Eduard Kokoity
      Eduard Dzhabeyevich Kokoity is the de facto President of South Ossetia.-Early life:Eduard Kokoity was born on 31 October 1964 in Tskhinvali, in the Georgian SSR, a part of the Soviet Union at the time. Kokoity was a member, and champion, of the Soviet Union's national wrestling team...
      
      , President of South Ossetia
      President of South Ossetia
      The President of the Republic of South Ossetia is the de facto head of state of the partially recognized Republic of South Ossetia that is de jure part of Georgia...
      
       (2001–present)
    • Prime Minister – Vadim Brovtsev
      Vadim Brovtsev
      Vadim Vladimirovich Brovtsev is a Russian businessman who has been Prime Minister of the Republic of South Ossetia since 5 August 2009.Brovtsev had served in the Soviet Strategic Rocket Forces...
      
      , Prime Minister of South Ossetia
      Prime Minister of South Ossetia
      The Prime Minister of South Ossetia is the head of government of the Republic of South Ossetia.-List of Prime Ministers of the Republic of South Ossetia :-Sources: * Osinform:...
      
       (2009–present)

•  Germany
  • President – Christian Wulff
    Christian Wulff
    Christian Wilhelm Walter Wulff is the President of Germany and a politician of the Christian Democratic Union. He was elected President on 2010 and publicly swore the oath of office on . A lawyer by profession, he served as Premier of the state of Lower Saxony from 2003 to 2010.-Early life and...
    
    , President of Germany
    President of Germany
    The President of the Federal Republic of Germany is the country's head of state. His official title in German is Bundespräsident . Germany has a parliamentary system of government and so the position of President is largely ceremonial...
    
     (2010–present)
  • Chancellor – Angela Merkel
    Angela Merkel
    Angela Dorothea Merkel is the current Chancellor of Germany . Merkel, elected to the Bundestag from Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, has been the chairwoman of the Christian Democratic Union since 2000, and chairwoman of the CDU-CSU parliamentary coalition from 2002 to 2005.From 2005 to 2009 she led a...
    
    , Chancellor of Germany (2005–present)

•  Greece
  • President – Karolos Papoulias
    Karolos Papoulias
    -Honours:*Knight Grand Cross with Grand Cordon of the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic *Knight Grand Cross of the Grand Order of King Tomislav *Knight of the Order of the Elephant- External links :*...
    
    , President of Greece
    President of Greece
    The President of the Hellenic Republic , colloquially referred to in English as the President of Greece, is the head of state of Greece. The office of the President of the Republic was established after the Greek republic referendum, 1974 and formally by the Constitution of Greece in 1975. The...
    
     (2005–present)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. George Papandreou, Prime Minister of Greece
       Prime Minister of Greece
       The Prime Minister of Greece , officially the Prime Minister of the Hellenic Republic , is the head of government of the Hellenic Republic and the leader of the Greek cabinet. The current interim Prime Minister is Lucas Papademos, a former Vice President of the European Central Bank, following...
       
        (2009–2011)
    2. Lucas Papademos
       Lucas Papademos
       Lucas Papademos is a Greek economist who has been appointed as Prime Minister of Greece since 11 November 2011.Previously, he was Governor of the Bank of Greece from 1994 to 2002 and Vice President of the European Central Bank from 2002 to 2010...
       
       , Prime Minister of Greece
       Prime Minister of Greece
       The Prime Minister of Greece , officially the Prime Minister of the Hellenic Republic , is the head of government of the Hellenic Republic and the leader of the Greek cabinet. The current interim Prime Minister is Lucas Papademos, a former Vice President of the European Central Bank, following...
       
        (2011–present)

} Mount Athos

Mount Athos

Mount Athos is a mountain and peninsula in Macedonia, Greece. A World Heritage Site, it is home to 20 Eastern Orthodox monasteries and forms a self-governed monastic state within the sovereignty of the Hellenic Republic. Spiritually, Mount Athos comes under the direct jurisdiction of the...

 (autonomous monastic state)

• • • Head of State –
      1. Dimitrios Droutsas
         Dimitrios Droutsas
         Dimitrios P. Droutsas is a Greek lawyer and politician, who served as the Minister of Foreign Affairs of Greece in 2010–2011. He became MP of the European Parliament by replacing the current Minister of Foreign Affairs of Greece Stavros Lambrinidis....
         
         , Head of State of Mount Athos
         Minister for Foreign Affairs (Greece)
         The Minister for Foreign Affairs is the senior minister at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Greece, established on 3 April 1833. The current Minister for Foreign Affairs, since 11 November 2011 is the former European Commissioner Stavros Dimas...
         
          (2010–2011)
      2. Stavros Lambrinidis
         Stavros Lambrinidis
         Stavros Lambrinidis is a former Vice President of the European Parliament and was between 17 June 2011 until 11 November 2011 the Minister for Foreign Affairs of Greece.-Yale University:...
         
         , Head of State of Mount Athos
         Minister for Foreign Affairs (Greece)
         The Minister for Foreign Affairs is the senior minister at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Greece, established on 3 April 1833. The current Minister for Foreign Affairs, since 11 November 2011 is the former European Commissioner Stavros Dimas...
         
          (2011)
      3. Stavros Dimas
         Stavros Dimas
         Stavros Dimas is a Greek politician who was European Commissioner for the Environment from 2004 to 2009. Since November 2011, he has served in the government of Greece as Minister for Foreign Affairs.-Early career:...
         
         , Head of State of Mount Athos
         Minister for Foreign Affairs (Greece)
         The Minister for Foreign Affairs is the senior minister at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Greece, established on 3 April 1833. The current Minister for Foreign Affairs, since 11 November 2011 is the former European Commissioner Stavros Dimas...
         
          (2011–present)
    • Spiritual Leader – Bartholomew I, Spiritual Leader of Mount Athos (1991–present)

•  Hungary
  • President – Pál Schmitt
    Pál Schmitt
    Pál Schmitt is the current President of Hungary. He was elected President of Hungary in a 263 to 59 vote in the Parliament of Hungary and was sworn in on 2010....
    
    , President of Hungary (2010–present)
  • Prime Minister – Viktor Orbán
    Viktor Orbán
    Viktor Orbán is a Hungarian populist and conservative politician and current Prime Minister of Hungary...
    
    , Prime Minister of Hungary (2010–present)

•  Iceland
  • President – Ólafur Ragnar Grímsson
    Ólafur Ragnar Grímsson
    Ólafur Ragnar Grímsson is the fifth and current President of Iceland. He has served as President since 1996; he was unopposed in 2000, re-elected for a third term in 2004, and re-elected unopposed for a fourth term in 2008. He is the longest-serving left-wing president in the history of...
    
    , President of Iceland
    President of Iceland
    The President of Iceland is Iceland's elected head of state. The president is elected to a four-year term by universal adult suffrage and has limited powers. The president is not the head of government; the Prime Minister of Iceland is the head of government. There have been five presidents since...
    
     (1996–present)
  • Prime Minister – Jóhanna Sigurðardóttir
    Jóhanna Sigurðardóttir
    Jóhanna Sigurðardóttir , , is the Prime Minister of Iceland. Many years a politician, she was previously Iceland's Minister of Social Affairs and Social Security from 1987–1994 and 2007–2009. She has been a member of the Althing for Reykjavík constituencies since 1978, winning re-election on eight...
    
    , Prime Minister of Iceland
    Prime Minister of Iceland
    The Prime Minister of Iceland is Iceland's head of government. The prime minister is appointed formally by the President and exercises executive authority along with the cabinet subject to parliamentary support....
    
     (2009–present)

•  Republic of Ireland
  • President –
    1. Mary McAleese
       Mary McAleese
       Mary Patricia McAleese served as the eighth President of Ireland from 1997 to 2011. She was the second female president and was first elected in 1997 succeeding Mary Robinson, making McAleese the world's first woman to succeed another as president. She was re-elected unopposed for a second term in...
       
       , President of Ireland
       President of Ireland
       The President of Ireland is the head of state of Ireland. The President is usually directly elected by the people for seven years, and can be elected for a maximum of two terms. The presidency is largely a ceremonial office, but the President does exercise certain limited powers with absolute...
       
        (1997–2011)
    2. Michael D. Higgins
       Michael D. Higgins
       Michael Daniel Higgins is the ninth and current President of Ireland, having taken office on 11 November 2011 following victory in the 2011 Irish presidential election. Higgins is an Irish politician, poet, sociologist, author and broadcaster. Higgins was President of the Labour Party until his...
       
       , President of Ireland
       President of Ireland
       The President of Ireland is the head of state of Ireland. The President is usually directly elected by the people for seven years, and can be elected for a maximum of two terms. The presidency is largely a ceremonial office, but the President does exercise certain limited powers with absolute...
       
        (2011–present)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Brian Cowen
       Brian Cowen
       Brian Cowen is a former Irish politician who served as Taoiseach of Ireland from 7 May 2008 to 9 March 2011. He was head of a coalition government led by Fianna Fáil which until 23 January 2011 had the support of the Green Party and independent TDs.Cowen was also leader of Fianna Fáil from 7 May...
       
       , Prime Minister of Ireland
       Taoiseach
       The Taoiseach is the head of government or prime minister of Ireland. The Taoiseach is appointed by the President upon the nomination of Dáil Éireann, the lower house of the Oireachtas , and must, in order to remain in office, retain the support of a majority in the Dáil.The current Taoiseach is...
       
        (2008–2011)
    2. Enda Kenny
       Enda Kenny
       Enda Kenny is an Irish Fine Gael politician, and has been the Taoiseach since 2011. He has led Fine Gael since 2002. He served as Minister for Tourism and Trade from 1994 to 1997. He is also a two-term Vice President of the European People's Party.Kenny has been a Teachta Dála for Mayo since...
       
       , Prime Minister of Ireland
       Taoiseach
       The Taoiseach is the head of government or prime minister of Ireland. The Taoiseach is appointed by the President upon the nomination of Dáil Éireann, the lower house of the Oireachtas , and must, in order to remain in office, retain the support of a majority in the Dáil.The current Taoiseach is...
       
        (2011–present)

•  Italy
  • President – Giorgio Napolitano
    Giorgio Napolitano
    Giorgio Napolitano is an Italian politician who has been the 11th President of Italy since 2006. A long-time member of the Italian Communist Party and later the Democrats of the Left, he served as President of the Chamber of Deputies from 1992 to 1994 and as Minister of the Interior from 1996 to...
    
    , President of Italy (2006–present)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Silvio Berlusconi
       Silvio Berlusconi
       Silvio Berlusconi , also known as Il Cavaliere – from knighthood to the Order of Merit for Labour which he received in 1977 – is an Italian politician and businessman who served three terms as Prime Minister of Italy, from 1994 to 1995, 2001 to 2006, and 2008 to 2011. Berlusconi is also the...
       
       , Prime Minister of Italy
       Prime minister of Italy
       The Prime Minister of Italy is the head of government of the Italian Republic...
       
        (2008–2011)
    2. Mario Monti
       Mario Monti
       Mario Monti is an Italian economist and academic who is Prime Minister of Italy, as well as Minister of Economy and Finance, since November 2011. Monti served as a European Commissioner from 1995 to 2004, with responsibility for the Internal Market, Services, Customs and Taxation from 1995 to 1999...
       
       , Prime Minister of Italy
       Prime minister of Italy
       The Prime Minister of Italy is the head of government of the Italian Republic...
       
        (2011–present)

•  Latvia
  • President –
    1. Valdis Zatlers
       Valdis Zatlers
       Valdis Zatlers is a Latvian politician and former physician who served as the seventh president of Latvia from 2007 to 2011. He won the Latvian presidential election of 31 May 2007...
       
       , President of Latvia (2007–2011)
    2. Andris Bērziņš
       Andris Bērziņš (Latvian President)
       Andris Bērziņš is a Latvian businessman and politician. He is the President of Latvia, having won the presidential election held on 2 June 2011.From 1993 to 2004, Bērziņš was the President of Unibanka.- Early career :...
       
       , President of Latvia (2011–present)
  • Prime Minister – Valdis Dombrovskis
    Valdis Dombrovskis
    Valdis Dombrovskis is the Prime Minister of Latvia. He previously served as Latvia's Minister of Finance and as a Member of the European Parliament for the New Era Party.-Education and science career:...
    
    , Prime Minister of Latvia
    Prime Minister of Latvia
    The Prime Minister of Latvia is the most powerful member of the Government of the Republic of Latvia, and presides over the Latvian Cabinet of Ministers...
    
     (2009–present)

•  Liechtenstein
  • Monarch – Hans Adam II, Prince of Liechtenstein (1989–present)
  • Regent – Alois
    Alois, Hereditary Prince of Liechtenstein
    Alois Philipp Maria, Hereditary Prince of Liechtenstein, Count of Rietberg is the eldest son of Hans Adam II, Prince of Liechtenstein and Countess Marie Aglaë Kinsky of Wchinitz and Tettau. Alois has been Regent of Liechtenstein since 15 August 2004...
    
    , Prince-regent of Liechtenstein (2004–present)
  • Prime Minister – Klaus Tschütscher, Prime Minister Liechtenstein (2009–present)

•  Lithuania
  • President – Dalia Grybauskaitė
    Dalia Grybauskaitė
    Dalia Grybauskaitė is the current President of Lithuania, inaugurated on 12 July 2009. She had previously been Vice-Minister of Foreign Affairs, Finance Minister, and European Commissioner for Financial Programming and the Budget...
    
    , President of Lithuania (2009–present)
  • Prime Minister – Andrius Kubilius
    Andrius Kubilius
    Andrius Kubilius is a Lithuanian politician who has been Prime Minister of Lithuania since 2008. He previously served as Prime Minister from 1999 to 2000. He is the leader of the conservative political party Homeland Union – Lithuanian Christian Democrats.- Biography :Kubilius was born at Vilnius...
    
    , Prime Minister of Lithuania
    Prime Minister of Lithuania
    The Prime Minister of Lithuania is the head of the executive arm of Lithuania's government, and is chosen by the Lithuanian parliament, the Seimas. The modern office of Prime Minister was established in 1990, although the official title was "Chairperson of the Council of Ministers" until 25...
    
     (2008–present)

•  Luxembourg
  • Monarch – Henri, Grand Duke of Luxembourg
    Grand Duke of Luxembourg
    The Grand Duke of Luxembourg is the sovereign monarch and head of state of Luxembourg. Luxembourg has been a grand duchy since 15 March 1815, when it was elevated from a duchy when placed in personal union with the United Kingdom of the Netherlands...
    
     (2000–present)
  • Prime Minister – Jean-Claude Juncker
    Jean-Claude Juncker
    Jean-Claude Juncker is a Luxembourg politician, 23rd and current Prime Minister of Luxembourg, since 20 January 1995. He is the longest standing head of government of any European Union state...
    
    , Prime Minister of Luxembourg (1995–present)

•  Republic of Macedonia
  • President – Gjorge Ivanov, President of Macedonia
    President of the Republic of Macedonia
    The President of the Republic of Macedonia is the head of state of the Republic of Macedonia. The institution of the Presidency of the modern Republic of Macedonia began after the Macedonian declaration of independence on 8 September 1991. Its first president was Kiro Gligorov, the oldest president...
    
     (2009–present)
  • Prime Minister – Nikola Gruevski
    Nikola Gruevski
    Nikola Gruevski has been Prime Minister of the Republic of Macedonia since 27 August 2006. He has led VMRO-DPMNE since May 2003. He was Minister of Finance in the VMRO-DPMNE government led by Ljubčo Georgievski until September 2002.- Personal life :...
    
    , Prime Minister of Macedonia
    Prime Minister of the Republic of Macedonia
    The Prime Minister of the Republic of Macedonia is the head of government of the Republic of Macedonia. He or she is the leader of a political coalition in the Macedonian parliament and the leader of the cabinet...
    
     (2006–present)

•  Malta
  • President – George Abela
    George Abela
    George Abela is a Maltese politician who has been President of Malta since April 2009.-Early life:Abela was born in Qormi, Malta, to George and Ludgarda née Debono. He attended the local primary school in Qormi, and the Lyceum in Hamrun. In 1965 he enrolled in the University of Malta, where he...
    
    , President of Malta
    President of Malta
    The President of Malta is the constitutional head of state of Malta.The President is appointed by a resolution of the House of Representatives of Malta for a five year term, taking an oath to "preserve, protect and defend" the Constitution....
    
     (2009–present)
  • Prime Minister – Lawrence Gonzi
    Lawrence Gonzi
    Lawrence Gonzi is a Maltese politician who has been Prime Minister of Malta since 2004. He was Speaker of the House of Representatives of Malta from 1988 to 1996, Minister of Social Policy from 1998 to 1999, and Deputy Prime Minister from 1999 to 2004...
    
    , Prime Minister of Malta
    Prime Minister of Malta
    The Prime Minister of Malta is the Head of Government of Malta.-Establishment of the office and developments:The office of "Head of Ministry" was created as soon as Malta was granted autonomous government in 1921. The 1921 constitution was suspended twice before being revoked...
    
     (2004–present)

•  Moldova
  • President – Marian Lupu
    Marian Lupu
    Marian Lupu is a Moldovan politician and is President of Parliament and Acting President since 2010.-Background and education:...
    
    , Acting President of Moldova
    President of Moldova
    The President of the Republic of Moldova is the head of state of Moldova.-Description of the post:According to the Article 77 of the Constitution of Moldova , the President of Moldova is the head of the State and represents the State and is the guarantor of national sovereignty, independence, of...
    
     (2010–present)
  • Prime Minister – Vlad Filat
    Vlad Filat
    Vladimir Filat is a Moldovan politician, the Prime Minister of Moldova since 25 September 2009.- Education and early career :...
    
    , Prime Minister of Moldova
    Prime Minister of Moldova
    The Prime Minister of Moldova is Moldova's head of government. The prime minister is formally appointed by the President and exercises executive power along with the cabinet subject to parliamentary support.-Moldavian Democratic Republic :...
    
     (2009–present)

} (autonomous region)

• • • Governor – Mihail Formuzal, Governor of Gagauzia
      Governor of Gagauzia
      - Governors of Gagauzia :-External links:*...
      
       (2006–present)

} (unrecognized, secessionist state

International recognition of Transnistria

International recognition of Transnistria, or Pridnestrovie, is a subject of controversy because it is a disputed region in Eastern Europe between Moldova and Ukraine. Although it declared independence in 1990, the vast majority of other countries do not recognise its sovereignty...

)

• • • President – Igor Smirnov
      Igor Smirnov
      Igor Nikolaevich Smirnov , is the President of the internationally unrecognized Pridnestrovian Moldovan Republic, also known as Transnistria. He has held this post since 1990.- Childhood :...
      
      , President of Transnistria
      President of Transnistria
      The President of Transnistria is the highest elected official of Transnistria, a small unrecognized country which declared independence from Moldova in 1990. The president of the republic is the country's head of state and is commander in chief...
      
       (1991–present)

•  Monaco
  • Monarch – Albert II
    Albert II, Prince of Monaco
    Albert II, Sovereign Prince of Monaco is the head of the House of Grimaldi and the ruler of the Principality of Monaco. He is the son of Rainier III, Prince of Monaco, and the American actress Grace Kelly...
    
    , Prince of Monaco
    Prince of Monaco
    The Reigning Prince or Princess of Monaco is the sovereign monarch and head of state of the Principality of Monaco. All Princes or Princesses thus far have taken the name of the House of Grimaldi, but have belonged to various other houses in male line...
    
     (2005–present)
  • Prime Minister – Michel Roger
    Michel Roger
    Michel Roger is the current Minister of State of Monaco.He had been a member of the High Court of Monaco since 2007.He assumed office on the 29th March 2010, following his appointment by Prince Albert II....
    
    , Minister of State of Monaco (2010–present)

•  Kingdom of Montenegro
  • President – Filip Vujanović
    Filip Vujanovic
    Filip Vujanović is a Montenegrin politician who, since 2003, has served as the President of Montenegro. He is the first President of Montenegro since it split ties with Serbia and became an independent nation in June 2006...
    
    , President of Montenegro
    President of Montenegro
    -Presidents of Montenegro:-See also:*President of Serbia and Montenegro*President of Yugoslavia*List of Presidents of Montenegro*Prime Minister of Montenegro-External links:*...
    
     (2003–present)
  • Prime Minister – Igor Lukšić
    Igor Lukšic
    Igor Lukšić is the Prime Minister in the Government of Montenegro. His family roots trace back to Crmnica...
    
    , Prime Minister of Montenegro
    Prime Minister of Montenegro
    The Prime Minister of Montenegro , is the head of the Government of Montenegro. The role of the Prime Minister is to direct the work of the Government, and to submit to the Parliament the Government's Program, including a list of proposed ministers...
    
     (2010–present)

•  Kingdom of the Netherlands
  • Monarch – Beatrix
    Beatrix of the Netherlands
    Beatrix is the Queen regnant of the Kingdom of the Netherlands comprising the Netherlands, Curaçao, Sint Maarten, and Aruba. She is the first daughter of Queen Juliana of the Netherlands and Prince Bernhard of Lippe-Biesterfeld. She studied law at Leiden University...
    
    , Queen of the Netherlands (1980–present)

} (constituent country)

• • • Prime Minister – Mark Rutte
      Mark Rutte
      Mark Rutte is a Dutch politician who has been Prime Minister of the Netherlands since 14 October 2010, as well as Minister of General Affairs in the Rutte cabinet...
      
      , Prime Minister of the Netherlands
      Prime Minister of the Netherlands
      The Prime Minister of the Netherlands is the chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Netherlands. He is the de facto head of government of the Netherlands and coordinates the policy of the government...
      
       (2010–present)

} (constituent country)

• • • see under North America

} (constituent country)

• • • see under North America

} (constituent country)

• • • see under North America

•  Norway
  • Monarch – Harald V
    Harald V of Norway
    Harald V is the king of Norway. He succeeded to the throne of Norway upon the death of his father Olav V on 17 January 1991...
    
    , King of Norway (1991–present)
  • Prime Minister – Jens Stoltenberg
    Jens Stoltenberg
    is a Norwegian politician, leader of the Norwegian Labour Party and the current Prime Minister of Norway. Having assumed office on 17 October 2005, Stoltenberg previously served as Prime Minister from 2000 to 2001....
    
    , Prime Minister of Norway
    Prime Minister of Norway
    The Prime Minister of Norway is the political leader of Norway and the Head of His Majesty's Government. The Prime Minister and Cabinet are collectively accountable for their policies and actions to the Sovereign, to Stortinget , to their political party, and ultimately the...
    
     (2005–present)

•  Poland
  • President – Bronisław Komorowski, President of Poland (2010–present)
  • Prime Minister – Donald Tusk
    Donald Tusk
    Donald Franciszek Tusk is a Polish politician who has been Prime Minister of Poland since 2007. He was a co-founder and is chairman of the Civic Platform party....
    
    , Prime Minister of Poland (2007–present)

•  Portugal
  • President – Aníbal Cavaco Silva
    Aníbal Cavaco Silva
    Aníbal António Cavaco Silva, GCC , is the President of Portugal. He won the Portuguese presidential election on 22 January 2006 and was re-elected on 23 January 2011, for a second five-year term. Cavaco Silva was sworn in on 9 March 2006....
    
    , President of Portugal
    President of Portugal
    Portugal has been a republic since 1910, and since that time the head of state has been the president, whose official title is President of the Portuguese Republic ....
    
     (2006–present)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. José Sócrates
       José Sócrates
       José Sócrates Carvalho Pinto de Sousa, GCIH , commonly known by José Sócrates , is a Portuguese politician who was the Prime Minister of Portugal from 12 March 2005 to 21 June 2011....
       
       , Prime Minister of Portugal
       Prime Minister of Portugal
       Prime Minister is the current title of the chief of the Portuguese Government. As chief executive, the Prime Minister coordinates the action of ministers, representing the Government from the other organs of state, accountable to Parliament and keeps the President informed...
       
        (2005–2011)
    2. Pedro Passos Coelho
       Pedro Passos Coelho
       Pedro Manuel Mamede Passos Coelho , is Prime Minister of Portugal. Passos Coelho started very early in politics, becoming the national leader of the youth branch of the Social Democratic Party...
       
       , Prime Minister of Portugal
       Prime Minister of Portugal
       Prime Minister is the current title of the chief of the Portuguese Government. As chief executive, the Prime Minister coordinates the action of ministers, representing the Government from the other organs of state, accountable to Parliament and keeps the President informed...
       
        (2011–present)

} (autonomous region

Autonomous regions of Portugal

The two Autonomous Regions of Portugal are the Azores and Madeira...

)

• • • Head of Government – Carlos César
      Carlos César
      Carlos Manuel Martins do Vale César is a Portuguese politician and the current President of the Regional Government of the Portuguese autonomous region of Azores...
      
      , President of the Government of the Azores (1996–present)

} (autonomous region

Autonomous regions of Portugal

The two Autonomous Regions of Portugal are the Azores and Madeira...

)

• • • Head of Government – Alberto João Jardim
      Alberto João Jardim
      Alberto João Cardoso Gonçalves Jardim, GCIH |Santa Luzia]], Funchal, Madeira Island) is a Portuguese politician who has been the President of the Regional Government of Madeira, Portugal, since 1978. He is currently among the most controversial politicians of Portugal.-Early years:Jardim was born...
      
      , President of the Government of Madeira (1978–present)

•  Kingdom of Romania
  • President – Traian Băsescu
    Traian Basescu
    Traian Băsescu is the current President of Romania. After serving as the mayor of Bucharest from June 2000 until December 2004, he was elected president in the Romanian Presidential Elections of 2004 and inaugurated on December 20, 2004...
    
    , President of Romania
    President of Romania
    The President of Romania is the head of state of Romania. The President is directly elected by a two-round system for a five-year term . An individual may serve two terms...
    
     (2004–present)
  • Prime Minister – Emil Boc
    Emil Boc
    Emil Boc is the Prime Minister of Romania, having served since December 2008. In June 2004, he was elected Mayor of Cluj-Napoca, the largest city in Transylvania. Boc is also the president of the Democratic Liberal Party, who designated him as Prime Minister in 2008. On October 13, 2009, his...
    
    , Prime Minister of Romania
    Prime Minister of Romania
    The Prime Minister of Romania is the head of the Government of Romania. Initially, the office was styled President of the Council of Ministers , when the term "Government" included more than the Cabinet, and the Cabinet was called The Council of Ministers...
    
     (2008–present)

•  Russia
  • President – Dmitry Medvedev‎, President of Russia (2008–present)
  • Prime Minister – Vladimir Putin
    Vladimir Putin
    Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin served as the second President of the Russian Federation and is the current Prime Minister of Russia, as well as chairman of United Russia and Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Union of Russia and Belarus. He became acting President on 31 December 1999, when...
    
    , Prime Minister of Russia
    Prime Minister of Russia
    The Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation The use of the term "Prime Minister" is strictly informal and is not allowed for by the Russian Constitution and other laws....
    
     (2008–present)

•  San Marino
  • Captains-Regent –
    1. Giovanni Francesco Ugolini
       Giovanni Francesco Ugolini
       Giovanni Francesco Ugolini was a Captain Regent of San Marino together with Andrea Zafferani for the semester from 1 October 2010 to 1 April 2011. He was previously Captain Regent from 1 April to 1 October 2002.-References:...
       
        and Andrea Zafferani
       Andrea Zafferani
       Andrea Zafferani was a Captain Regent of San Marino together with Giovanni Francesco Ugolini for the semester from 1 October 2010 to 1 April 2011.-References:...
       
       , Captains-Regent of San Marino (2010–2011)
    2. Maria Luisa Berti
       Maria Luisa Berti
       Maria Luisa Berti is a Sammarinese politician who was a Captain Regent for the April to October 2011 political term. The post was shared with Filippo Tamagnini.-External links:...
       
        and Filippo Tamagnini
       Filippo Tamagnini
       Filippo Tamagnini is a Sammarinese politician who was a Captain Regent for the April to October 2011 political term. The post was shared with Maria Luisa Berti.-External links:...
       
       , Captains-Regent of San Marino (2011)
    3. Gabriele Gatti
       Gabriele Gatti
       Gabriele Gatti is a Sammarinese politician who is a Captain Regent for the October, 2011 to April, 2012 political term. The post is shared with Matteo Fiorini.-References:...
       
        and Matteo Fiorini
       Matteo Fiorini
       Matteo Fiorini is a Sammarinese politician who is a Captain Regent for the October, 2011 to April, 2012 political term. The post is shared with Gabriele Gatti.-References:...
       
       , Captains-Regent of San Marino (2011–present)

•  Serbia
  • President – Boris Tadić
    Boris Tadic
    Boris Tadić is the President of Serbia and leader of the Democratic Party. He was elected to a five-year term on 27 June 2004, and was sworn into office on 11 July. He was re-elected for a de facto second five-year term on 3 February 2008 and was sworn in on 15 February...
    
    , President of Serbia
    President of Serbia
    The President of Serbia is the head of state of Serbia. Presently serving as the head of state is Boris Tadić. He was elected with a narrow majority of 50.31% in the 2008 Serbian presidential elections.-Authority, legal and constitutional rights:...
    
     (2004–present)
  • Prime Minister – Mirko Cvetković
    Mirko Cvetkovic
    Mirko Cvetković is a Serbian economist and the Prime Minister of Serbia as well as the Minister of Finance.-Biography:...
    
    , Prime Minister of Serbia (2008–present)

} (partially recognized secessionist state under nominal international administration)

• • • President –
      1. Jakup Krasniqi
         Jakup Krasniqi
         Jakup Krasniqi is an Albanian politician and former acting President of Kosovo. He is the Chairman of the Assembly of Kosovo.-Early life:...
         
         , Acting President of Kosovo
         President of Kosovo
         The President of the Republic of Kosovo is Head of State of the disputed Republic of Kosovo. The President of Kosovo is elected by the Assembly of Kosovo. The first post-war president, who served until his death in January 2006, was Ibrahim Rugova. His successor was Fatmir Sejdiu. When Sejdiu...
         
          (2010–2011)
      2. Behgjet Pacolli
         Behgjet Pacolli
         Behgjet Isa Pacolli is a former President of the Republic of Kosovo, and is now First Deputy Prime Minister serving in the cabinet of Hashim Thaçi...
         
         , President of Kosovo
         President of Kosovo
         The President of the Republic of Kosovo is Head of State of the disputed Republic of Kosovo. The President of Kosovo is elected by the Assembly of Kosovo. The first post-war president, who served until his death in January 2006, was Ibrahim Rugova. His successor was Fatmir Sejdiu. When Sejdiu...
         
          (2011)
      3. Jakup Krasniqi
         Jakup Krasniqi
         Jakup Krasniqi is an Albanian politician and former acting President of Kosovo. He is the Chairman of the Assembly of Kosovo.-Early life:...
         
         , Acting President of Kosovo
         President of Kosovo
         The President of the Republic of Kosovo is Head of State of the disputed Republic of Kosovo. The President of Kosovo is elected by the Assembly of Kosovo. The first post-war president, who served until his death in January 2006, was Ibrahim Rugova. His successor was Fatmir Sejdiu. When Sejdiu...
         
          (2011)
      4. Atifete Jahjaga
         Atifete Jahjaga
         Atifete Jahjaga is the fourth and current President of Kosovo. She is the first female, the first non-partisan candidate, and the youngest to be elected to the office. She is also the first female head of state in modern Balkans...
         
         , President of Kosovo
         President of Kosovo
         The President of the Republic of Kosovo is Head of State of the disputed Republic of Kosovo. The President of Kosovo is elected by the Assembly of Kosovo. The first post-war president, who served until his death in January 2006, was Ibrahim Rugova. His successor was Fatmir Sejdiu. When Sejdiu...
         
          (2011–present)
    • Prime Minister – Hashim Thaçi
      Hashim Thaci
      Hashim Thaçi is the Prime Minister of Republic of Kosovo, the leader of the Democratic Party of Kosovo , and former political leader of the Kosovo Liberation Army .-Early life and education:...
      
      , Prime Minister of Kosovo
      Prime Minister of Kosovo
      The Prime Minister of Kosovo is Head of Government of the disputed Republic of Kosovo .The Prime Minister and the Government of Kosovo, which he or she heads, are responsible for their actions to the Assembly of Kosovo, of which they must all be members...
      
       (2008–present)
    • UN Special Representative – Lamberto Zannier
      Lamberto Zannier
      Lamberto Zannier, born in 1954, is an Italian diplomat who currently serves as the United Nations Special Representative for Kosovo and Head of the United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo , with the rank of UN Undersecretary-General. He was appointed to this position by UN...
      
      , Special Representative of the UN Secretary-General for Kosovo
      Special Representative of the Secretary-General for Kosovo
      The Special Representative of the Secretary-General for Kosovo is an appointed by the Secretary-General to lead the United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo...
      
       (2008–present)

•  Slovakia
  • President – Ivan Gašparovič
    Ivan Gašparovic
    Ivan Gašparovič is a Slovak politician and law professor who has been the President of Slovakia since 15 June 2004. He is also the first Slovak president to be re-elected.-Biography:...
    
    , President of Slovakia
    President of Slovakia
    The President of Slovakia is the head of state of Slovakia. The President is directly elected by the people for five years, and can be elected for a maximum of two consecutive terms. The presidency is largely a ceremonial office, but the President does exercise certain limited powers with absolute...
    
     (2004–present)
  • Prime Minister – Iveta Radičová
    Iveta Radicová
    Iveta Radičová is the Prime Minister of Slovakia and a member of the Slovak Democratic and Christian Union – Democratic Party. She was sworn into office on 8 July 2010 as the head of a four-party center-right coalition government following the 2010 Slovak parliamentary election, until the fall of...
    
    , Prime Minister of Slovakia (2010–present)

•  Slovenia
  • President – Danilo Türk
    Danilo Türk
    - Early life :Türk was born in a lower middle class family in Maribor, Slovenia . His father died when he was a child. He attended the prestigious II. Gymnasium High school in Maribor. In 1971 he enrolled to the University of Ljubljana where he studied law...
    
    , President of Slovenia
    President of Slovenia
    The function of President of the Republic of Slovenia was established on 23 December 1991, when the National Assembly of Slovenia passed a new constitution as a result of independence from Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia....
    
     (2007–present)
  • Prime Minister – Borut Pahor
    Borut Pahor
    Borut Pahor is a Slovenian politician who has been Prime Minister of Slovenia since 2008. A longtime president of the Social Democrats party, Pahor served several terms as a member of the National Assembly and was its chairman from 2000 to 2004. In 2004, Pahor was elected as member of the European...
    
    , Prime Minister of Slovenia
    Prime Minister of Slovenia
    There have been six Prime Ministers of Slovenia since that country gained its independence in the breakup of Yugoslavia. Unlike the President of Slovenia, who is directly elected, the Prime Minister is appointed by the National Assembly, and must control a majority there in order to...
    
     (2008–present)

•  Spain
  • Monarch – Juan Carlos I
    Juan Carlos I of Spain
    Juan Carlos I |Italy]]) is the reigning King of Spain.On 22 November 1975, two days after the death of General Francisco Franco, Juan Carlos was designated king according to the law of succession promulgated by Franco. Spain had no monarch for 38 years in 1969 when Franco named Juan Carlos as the...
    
    , King of Spain (1975–present)
  • Prime Minister – José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero
    José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero
    José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero is a member of the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party . He was elected for two terms as Prime Minister of Spain, in the 2004 and 2008 general elections. On 2 April 2011 he announced he will not stand for re-election in 2012...
    
    , Prime Minister of Spain
    Prime Minister of Spain
    The President of the Government of Spain , sometimes known in English as the Prime Minister of Spain, is the head of Government of Spain. The current office is established under the Constitution of 1978...
    
     (2004–present)

•  Sweden
  • Monarch – Carl XVI Gustaf
    Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden
    Carl XVI Gustaf is the reigning King of Sweden since 15 September 1973, succeeding his grandfather King Gustaf VI Adolf because his father had predeceased him...
    
    , King of Sweden (1973–present)
  • Prime Minister – Fredrik Reinfeldt
    Fredrik Reinfeldt
    John Fredrik Reinfeldt is the Prime Minister of Sweden, leader of the liberal conservative Moderate Party and former President of the European Council...
    
    , Prime Minister of Sweden
    Prime Minister of Sweden
    The Prime Minister is the head of government in the Kingdom of Sweden. Before the creation of the office of a Prime Minister in 1876, Sweden did not have a head of government separate from its head of state, namely the King, in whom the executive authority was vested...
    
     (2006–present)

•  Switzerland
  • Federal Council
    Swiss Federal Council
    The Federal Council is the seven-member executive council which constitutes the federal government of Switzerland and serves as the Swiss collective head of state....
    
     – Micheline Calmy-Rey
    Micheline Calmy-Rey
    Micheline Anne-Marie Calmy-Rey is the President of the Confederation in Switzerland, head of government. She is also Switzerland's foreign minister as head of the Federal Department of Foreign Affairs. She has been a member of the Swiss Federal Council since 2003, and was President of the...
    
     (2002–present, President), Doris Leuthard
    Doris Leuthard
    Doris Leuthard is a Swiss politician and lawyer. Since 1 August 2006, she has been a member of the Swiss Federal Council. From 1 August 2006 till 31 October 2010 she was head of the Federal Department of Economic Affairs...
    
     (2006–present), Eveline Widmer-Schlumpf
    Eveline Widmer-Schlumpf
    Eveline Widmer-Schlumpf is a Swiss lawyer, politician, and member of the Swiss Federal Council since 2008. She is currently the head of the Federal Department of Finance ....
    
     (2008–present), Ueli Maurer
    Ueli Maurer
    Ueli Maurer is a member of the Swiss Federal Council and head of the Swiss Federal Department of Defence, Civil Protection and Sports...
    
     (2009–present), Didier Burkhalter
    Didier Burkhalter
    Didier Burkhalter is a Swiss politician of FDP.The Liberals. He is a member of the Swiss Federal Council who was elected on 16 September 2009, and succeeded Pascal Couchepin on 1 November 2009 when he became head of the Federal Department of Home Affairs .A native of the Canton of Neuchâtel, he...
    
     (2009–present), Johann Schneider-Ammann
    Johann Schneider-Ammann
    Johann Niklaus Schneider-Ammann is a Swiss businessman and politician. Member of the Free Democratic Party, he was elected to the Swiss National Council in 1999...
    
     (2010–present), Simonetta Sommaruga
    Simonetta Sommaruga
    Simonetta Sommaruga is a Swiss politician of the Social Democratic Party of Switzerland. She is a member of the Swiss Federal Council, the federal government of Switzerland, and head of the Federal Department of Justice and Police .- Early life :Born in Zug, Sommaruga grew up with two brothers and...
    
     (2010–present)

•  Ukraine
  • President – Viktor Yanukovych
    Viktor Yanukovych
    Viktor Fedorovych Yanukovych is a Ukrainian politician who has been the President of Ukraine since February 2010.Yanukovych served as the Governor of Donetsk Oblast from 1997 to 2002...
    
    , President of Ukraine
    President of Ukraine
    Prior to the formation of the modern Ukrainian presidency, the previous Ukrainian head of state office was officially established in exile by Andriy Livytskyi. At first the de facto leader of nation was the president of the Central Rada at early years of the Ukrainian People's Republic, while the...
    
     (2010–present)
  • Prime Minister – Mykola Azarov
    Mykola Azarov
    Mykola Yanovych Azarov ; born Nikolai Yanovich Pakhlo on 17 December 1947, is a Ukrainian politician who has been the Prime Minister of Ukraine since 11 March 2010. He was the First Vice Prime Minister and Finance Minister from 2002 to 2005 and again from 2006 to 2007, and he also served as acting...
    
    , Prime Minister of Ukraine
    Prime Minister of Ukraine
    The Prime Minister of Ukraine is Ukraine's head of government presiding over the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine, which is the highest body of the executive branch of the Ukrainian government....
    
     (2010–present)

} (autonomous republic

Autonomous republic

An autonomous republic is a type of administrative division similar to a province. A significant number of autonomous republics can be found within the successor states of the Soviet Union, but the majority are located within Russia. Many of these republics were established during the Soviet...

)

• • • Prime Minister –
      1. Vasyl Dzharty
         Vasyl Dzharty
         Vasyl Heorhiyovych Dzharty was a Ukrainian politician. He served as the Prime Minister of Crimea, which is also known as the Chairman of the Crimean Council of Ministers, from March 17, 2010, until his death in August 2011...
         
         , Prime Minister of Crimea
         Prime Minister of Crimea
         The Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea is the head of government of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea, located in the southern region of Ukraine. Sometimes referred as the Premier-Minister of Crimea, out of brevity, the position's official name is the...
         
          (2010–2011)
      2. Pavlo Burlakov, Acting Prime Minister of Crimea
         Prime Minister of Crimea
         The Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea is the head of government of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea, located in the southern region of Ukraine. Sometimes referred as the Premier-Minister of Crimea, out of brevity, the position's official name is the...
         
          (2011)
      3. Anatolii Mohyliov
         Anatolii Mohyliov
         Anatolii Volodymyrovych Mohyliov is the Prime Minister of Crimea since November 8, 2011 and former Ukrainian Minister of Internal Affairs.-Biography:...
         
         , Prime Minister of Crimea
         Prime Minister of Crimea
         The Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea is the head of government of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea, located in the southern region of Ukraine. Sometimes referred as the Premier-Minister of Crimea, out of brevity, the position's official name is the...
         
          (2011–present)

•  United Kingdom
  • Monarch – Elizabeth II, Queen of the United Kingdom (1952–present)
  • Prime Minister – David Cameron
    David Cameron
    David William Donald Cameron is the current Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, First Lord of the Treasury, Minister for the Civil Service and Leader of the Conservative Party. Cameron represents Witney as its Member of Parliament ....
    
    , Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
    Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
    The Prime Minister of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is the Head of Her Majesty's Government in the United Kingdom. The Prime Minister and Cabinet are collectively accountable for their policies and actions to the Sovereign, to Parliament, to their political party and...
    
     (2010–present)

} (British Crown dependency

Crown dependency

The Crown Dependencies are British possessions of the Crown, as opposed to overseas territories of the United Kingdom. They comprise the Channel Island Bailiwicks of Jersey and Guernsey in the English Channel, and the Isle of Man in the Irish Sea....

)

• • • Lieutenant-Governor –
      1. Sir Paul Haddacks
         Paul Haddacks
         Vice Admiral Sir Paul Kenneth Haddacks KCB is a retired Vice Admiral of the United Kingdom's Royal Navy who served as Lieutenant Governor of the Isle of Man from 2005 to 2011.-Early life and career:...
         
         , Lieutenant-Governor of Man (2005–2011)
      2. Adam Wood
         Adam Wood
         Adam Kenneth Compton Wood is a retired British diplomat, and the current Lieutenant Governor of the Isle of Man.He was educated at the Royal Grammar School, High Wycombe and graduated from Oriel College, Oxford in 1977....
         
         , Lieutenant-Governor of Man (2011–present)
    • Chief Minister –
      1. Tony Brown, Chief Minister of the Isle of Man
         Chief Minister of the Isle of Man
         The Chief Minister is the executive head of the Isle of Man Government.The office derives from that of Chairman of the Executive Council. Before 1980 the Executive Council was chaired by the Lieutenant Governor, but thereafter the chairman was elected by Tynwald, the parliament of the Isle of Man...
         
          (2006–2011)
      2. Allan Bell
         Allan Bell
         The Honourable Allan Robert Bell MHK is a Manx politician, who is the current Chief Minister of the Isle of Man, having been elected to that position on October 11, 2011. He was formerly the Minister for Economic Development of the Isle of Man Government and is Member of the House of Keys for...
         
         , Chief Minister of the Isle of Man
         Chief Minister of the Isle of Man
         The Chief Minister is the executive head of the Isle of Man Government.The office derives from that of Chairman of the Executive Council. Before 1980 the Executive Council was chaired by the Lieutenant Governor, but thereafter the chairman was elected by Tynwald, the parliament of the Isle of Man...
         
          (2011–present)

} (British Crown dependency

Crown dependency

The Crown Dependencies are British possessions of the Crown, as opposed to overseas territories of the United Kingdom. They comprise the Channel Island Bailiwicks of Jersey and Guernsey in the English Channel, and the Isle of Man in the Irish Sea....

)

• • • Lieutenant-Governor –
      1. Sir Fabian Malbon
         Fabian Malbon
         Vice Admiral Sir Fabian Malbon KBE was the Lieutenant Governor of Guernsey from 2005 to 2011.-Naval career:Educated at Brighton Hove and Sussex Grammar School, Malbon joined the Royal Navy in 1965. He went on to command the frigates HMS Torquay and HMS Brave. He was made Commander of the 9th...
         
         , Lieutenant-Governor of Guernsey (2005–2011)
      2. Peter Walker
         Peter Walker (RAF officer)
         Air Marshal Peter Brett Walker CB CBE is a former Royal Air Force officer who is now Lieutenant Governor of Guernsey.-RAF career:Educated at Pocklington School and Durham University, Walker joined the Royal Air Force in 1975. He served as a fighter pilot flying the Phantom FGR2 and Tornado F3...
         
         , Lieutenant-Governor of Guernsey (2011–present)
    • Chief Minister – Lyndon Trott
      Lyndon Trott
      Lyndon Trott was born on 17 July 1964 from St. Sampson, Guernsey and he is the current Chief Minister of Guernsey. He was elected to the position on 1 May 2008 and his term of office will expire on 30 April 2012. He was re-elected as a Deputy for the electoral district of St. Sampson in the...
      
      , Chief Minister of Guernsey
      Chief Minister of Guernsey
      The Chief Minister of Guernsey chairs the Policy Council, which consists of the heads of each of the ten government departments of the States of Guernsey. Guernsey operates a system of consensus, committees-based government...
      
       (2008–present)

} (British Crown dependency

Crown dependency

The Crown Dependencies are British possessions of the Crown, as opposed to overseas territories of the United Kingdom. They comprise the Channel Island Bailiwicks of Jersey and Guernsey in the English Channel, and the Isle of Man in the Irish Sea....

)

• • • Lieutenant-Governor –
      1. Sir Andrew Ridgway
         Andrew Ridgway
         Lieutenant-General Sir Andrew Peter Ridgway KBE CB is a former Lieutenant Governor of Jersey. He was appointed to the role for a 5 year term on 14 June 2006 after a long military career.-Military career:...
         
         , Lieutenant-Governor of Jersey (2006–2011)
      2. Sir John McColl
         John McColl
         General Sir John Chalmers McColl KCB, CBE, DSO is the current Lieutenant Governor of Jersey. He was sworn in on 26 September 2011. He was formerly Deputy Supreme Allied Commander Europe.-Army career:...
         
         , Lieutenant-Governor of Jersey (2011–present)
    • Chief Minister –
      1. Terry Le Sueur
         Terry Le Sueur
         Terry Le Sueur was Chief Minister of Jersey between 2008 and 2011.He was born at Millbrook, Saint Helier, and was educated at De La Salle College, Jersey and Oxford University, where he was the King Charles Exhibitioner at Jesus College; and read physics...
         
         , Chief Minister of Jersey
         Chief Minister of Jersey
         The Chief Minister of Jersey is the head of government of Jersey. The head of government is not directly elected by the people but rather by the legislature ....
         
          (2008–2011)
      2. Ian Gorst
         Ian Gorst
         Ian Gorst is the Chief Minister of Jersey. He has a been a member of the States of Jersey since 2005.- Background :Gorst was born into a farming family in the Lune Valley, Lancashire, England, and left school with A-levels in history and business studies and went on to work in insurance before...
         
         , Chief Minister of Jersey
         Chief Minister of Jersey
         The Chief Minister of Jersey is the head of government of Jersey. The head of government is not directly elected by the people but rather by the legislature ....
         
          (2011–present)

} (British overseas territory)

• • • Governor – Sir Adrian Johns
      Adrian Johns
      Vice Admiral Sir Adrian James Johns KCB, CBE, KStJ, ADC is the current Governor of Gibraltar and a former senior officer in the Royal Navy. His most senior naval posting was as Second Sea Lord from 2005 to 2008.-Career:...
      
      , Governor of Gibraltar
      Governor of Gibraltar
      The Governor and Commander-in-Chief of Gibraltar is the representative of the British monarch in the British overseas territory of Gibraltar. The Governor is appointed by the British Monarch on the advice of the British Government...
      
       (2009–present)
    • Chief Minister – Peter Caruana
      Peter Caruana
      Peter Richard Caruana, QC is a Gibraltarian politician, and has been Chief Minister of Gibraltar since 1996, when his party, the Gibraltar Social Democrats , first came to power. His party was re-elected to office in 2000, 2003 and 2007...
      
      , Chief Minister of Gibraltar
      Chief Minister of Gibraltar
      The Chief Minister of Gibraltar is the leader of the largest party elected to the Gibraltar Parliament, and is formally appointed by the Governor of Gibraltar, representative of the British Crown.-List of Chief Ministers:...
      
       (1996–present)

•  Vatican City
  • Monarch – Pope Benedict XVI
    Pope Benedict XVI
    Benedict XVI is the 265th and current Pope, by virtue of his office of Bishop of Rome, the Sovereign of the Vatican City State and the leader of the Catholic Church as well as the other 22 sui iuris Eastern Catholic Churches in full communion with the Holy See...
    
    , Sovereign of Vatican City (2005–present)
  • President of the Governorate –
    1. Giovanni Lajolo
       Giovanni Lajolo
       Giovanni Lajolo is the Cardinal emeritus President of the Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State and emeritus President of the Governorate of Vatican City State.-Early life and ordination:...
       
       , President of the Governorate of Vatican City
       President of the Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State
       The President of the Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State is the leader of the Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State, the legislative body of Vatican City. As a senior member of the Roman Curia, the president is normally a cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church...
       
        (2006–2011)
    2. Giuseppe Bertello
       Giuseppe Bertello
       Giuseppe Bertello is a Catholic prelate and currently President of the Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State and President of the Governorate of Vatican City State.-Early life:...
       
       , President of the Governorate of Vatican City
       President of the Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State
       The President of the Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State is the leader of the Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State, the legislative body of Vatican City. As a senior member of the Roman Curia, the president is normally a cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church...
       
        (2011–present)
  • Holy See
    Holy See
    The Holy See is the episcopal jurisdiction of the Catholic Church in Rome, in which its Bishop is commonly known as the Pope. It is the preeminent episcopal see of the Catholic Church, forming the central government of the Church. As such, diplomatically, and in other spheres the Holy See acts and...
    
    
    • Secretary of State – Tarcisio Bertone, Cardinal Secretary of State of the Holy See
      Cardinal Secretary of State
      The Cardinal Secretary of State—officially Secretary of State of His Holiness The Pope—presides over the Holy See, usually known as the "Vatican", Secretariat of State, which is the oldest and most important dicastery of the Roman Curia...
      
       (2006–present)

North America

(British overseas territory)

• • Governor – William Alistair Harrison
    William Alistair Harrison
    William Alistair Harrison has been Governor of Anguilla since 21 April 2009. Before taking up this position he was High Commissioner to Zambia....
    
    , Governor of Anguilla
    Governor of Anguilla
    The Governor of Anguilla is the representative of the British monarch in the United Kingdom's overseas territory of Anguilla. The Governor is appointed by the monarch on the advice of the British government...
    
     (2009–present)
  • Chief Minister – Hubert Hughes, Chief Minister of Anguilla
    Chief Minister of Anguilla
    -List of Chief Ministers of Anguilla:...
    
     (2010–present)

•  Antigua and Barbuda
  • Monarch – Elizabeth II, Queen of Antigua and Barbuda (1981–present)
  • Governor-General – Dame Louise Lake-Tack
    Louise Lake-Tack
    Dame Louise Agnetha Lake-Tack, GCMG, DStJ is the current Governor-General of Antigua and Barbuda.-Background and earlier career:...
    
    , Governor-General of Antigua and Barbuda (2007–present)
  • Prime Minister – Baldwin Spencer
    Baldwin Spencer
    Winston Baldwin Spencer is the Prime Minister of Antigua and Barbuda. He has been Prime Minister since March 24, 2004, when his party, the United Progressive Party , which he had led as the opposition party for several years, won a parliamentary election...
    
    , Prime Minister of Antigua and Barbuda (2004–present)

(constituent country

Constituent country

Constituent country is a phrase sometimes used in contexts in which a country makes up a part of a larger entity. The term constituent country does not have any defined legal meaning, and is used simply to refer to a country which is a part Constituent country is a phrase sometimes used in contexts...

 of the Kingdom of the Netherlands

Kingdom of the Netherlands

The Kingdom of the Netherlands is a sovereign state and constitutional monarchy with territory in Western Europe and in the Caribbean. The four parts of the Kingdom—Aruba, Curaçao, the Netherlands, and Sint Maarten—are referred to as "countries", and participate on a basis of equality...

)

• • Governor – Fredis Refunjol
    Fredis Refunjol
    Fredis Jose Refunjol is an Aruban politician serving as the current Governor of Aruba. Originally a teacher, he has served as a government official for the past twenty years, starting as a Member of the Estates of Aruba....
    
    , Governor of Aruba
    Governor of Aruba
    The Governor of Aruba is the representative on Aruba of the Dutch head of state . The governors duties are twofold: he represents and guards the general interests of the Kingdom and is head of the Aruban Government. He is accountable to the Government of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. As the head...
    
     (2004–present)
  • Prime Minister – Mike Eman
    Mike Eman
    Michiel Godfried "Mike" Eman is an Aruban politician who is the 5th Prime Minister of Aruba and the current leader of the Aruban People's Party , which holds the new majority in the Aruban Estates as a result of the seventh Aruban General Elections held on 25 September 2009...
    
    , Prime Minister of Aruba
    Prime Minister of Aruba
    The Prime Minister of Aruba is Aruba's head of government. Together with Aruba's Council of Ministers, they form the executive branch of Aruban government.-List of Prime Ministers of Aruba:...
    
     (2009–present)

•  The Bahamas
  • Monarch – Elizabeth II, Queen of the Bahamas
    Monarchy of the Bahamas
    The monarchy of the Bahamas is a system of government in which a hereditary monarch is the sovereign and head of state of the Commonwealth of The Bahamas. The current monarch is Queen Elizabeth II, who has reigned since the country became independent on 10 July 1973. The Bahamas share the Sovereign...
    
     (1973–present)
  • Governor-General – Sir Arthur Foulkes
    Arthur Foulkes
    Sir Arthur Alexander Foulkes, GCMG is the Governor-General of the Bahamas.Foulkes was elected to the House of Assembly in 1967 and served in the government of Lynden Pindling as Minister of Communications and Minister of Tourism...
    
    , Governor-General of the Bahamas (2010–present)
  • Prime Minister – Hubert Ingraham
    Hubert Ingraham
    Hubert Alexander Ingraham is the Prime Minister of the Bahamas. He first served as Prime Minister from August 1992 until May 2002 and became Prime Minister again in 2007. He is a member of the Free National Movement Party . The Rt. Hon. Hubert A...
    
    , Prime Minister of the Bahamas (2007–present)

•  Barbados
  • Monarch – Elizabeth II, Queen of Barbados
    Monarchy of Barbados
    The monarchy of Barbados is a constitutional system of government in which a hereditary monarch is the sovereign and head of state of Barbados, forming the core of the country's Westminster style parliamentary democracy...
    
     (1966–present)
  • Governor-General –
    1. Sir Clifford Husbands
       Clifford Husbands
       Sir Clifford Straughn Husbands, GCMG, KA, QC was the Governor-General of Barbados. He held this office from 1996, when he was appointed after the death of Dame Nita Barrow, until he retired on 31 October 2011.-External links:*...
       
       , Governor-General of Barbados (1996–2011)
    2. Elliot Belgrave
       Elliot Belgrave
       Elliot Belgrave is a Barbadian politician who serves as the Acting Governor-General of Barbados since 1 November 2011.- References :...
       
       , Acting Governor-General of Barbados (2011–present)
  • Prime Minister – Freundel Stuart
    Freundel Stuart
    Freundel Jerome Stuart QC MP is the seventh Prime Minister of Barbados. He succeeded David Thompson, who died on 23 October 2010 of pancreatic cancer. He is a member of the Democratic Labour Party .-Personal life and career:...
    
    , Prime Minister of Barbados (2010–present)

•  Belize
  • Monarch – Elizabeth II, Queen of Belize
    Monarchy of Belize
    The monarchy of Belize is a system of government in which a hereditary monarch is the sovereign of Belize, holding the position of head of state; the incumbent is Elizabeth II, officially called Queen of Belize, who has reigned since September 21, 1981...
    
     (1981–present)
  • Governor-General – Sir Colville Young
    Colville Young
    Sir Colville Norbert Young, GCMG, MBE is the Governor General of Belize, and also patron of the Scout Association of Belize. He was appointed Governor-General in 1993, taking office on 17 November of that year, and was knighted in 1994....
    
    , Governor-General of Belize (1993–present)
  • Prime Minister – Dean Barrow
    Dean Barrow
    Dean Oliver Barrow is Prime Minister of Belize and leader of the United Democratic Party. An attorney by trade, he served as Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs from 1993 to 1998 and was then Leader of the Opposition until the UDP won the February 2008 election...
    
    , Prime Minister of Belize (2008–present)

(British overseas territory)

• • Governor – Sir Richard Gozney
    Richard Gozney
    Sir Richard Hugh Turton Gozney KCMG CVO KStJ is a British career diplomat. He has been Governor and Commander in Chief of Bermuda since 12 December 2007.-Background and education:...
    
    , Governor of Bermuda
    Governor of Bermuda
    The Governor of Bermuda is the representative of the British monarch in the British overseas territory of Bermuda. The Governor is appointed by the monarch on the advice of the British government...
    
     (2007–present)
  • Premier – Paula Cox
    Paula Cox
    Paula Cox is the current Premier of Bermuda, and leader of the Bermuda Progressive Labour Party . The Hon. Paula A. Cox JP, MP was elected as Leader of the Progressive Labour Party on Thursday, 28 October 2010...
    
    , Premier of Bermuda (2010–present)

(British overseas territory)

• • Governor – William Boyd McCleary, Governor of the British Virgin Islands
    Governor of the British Virgin Islands
    The Governor of the British Virgin Islands is the representative of the British monarch in the United Kingdom's overseas territory of British Virgin Islands. The Governor is appointed by the monarch on the advice of the British government...
    
     (2010–present)
  • Premier –
    1. Ralph O'Neal
       Ralph T. O'Neal
       Ralph Telford O'Neal, OBE is the former Premier of the British Virgin Islands, and is expected to be appointed as the leader of the opposition...
       
       , Premier of the British Virgin Islands (2007–2011)
    2. Orlando Smith
       Orlando Smith
       D. Orlando Smith, OBE is the current Premier of the British Virgin Islands. He also formerly served as Chief Minister of the British Virgin Islands from 2003 to 2007...
       
       , Premier of the British Virgin Islands (2011–present)

•  Canada
  • Monarch – Elizabeth II, Queen of Canada (1952–present)
  • Governor General – David Johnston
    David Johnston
    David Lloyd Johnston is a Canadian academic, author and statesman who is the current Governor General of Canada, the 28th since Canadian Confederation....
    
    , Governor General of Canada
    Governor General of Canada
    The Governor General of Canada is the federal viceregal representative of the Canadian monarch, Queen Elizabeth II...
    
     (2010–present)
  • Prime Minister – Stephen Harper
    Stephen Harper
    Stephen Joseph Harper is the 22nd and current Prime Minister of Canada and leader of the Conservative Party. Harper became prime minister when his party formed a minority government after the 2006 federal election...
    
    , Prime Minister of Canada
    Prime Minister of Canada
    The Prime Minister of Canada is the primary minister of the Crown, chairman of the Cabinet, and thus head of government for Canada, charged with advising the Canadian monarch or viceroy on the exercise of the executive powers vested in them by the constitution...
    
     (2006–present)

(British overseas territory)

• • Governor – Duncan Taylor
    Duncan Taylor (FCO)
    Duncan Taylor, CBE is a British diplomat and the current Governor of the Cayman Islands. He joined the United Kingdom Foreign and Commonwealth Office in 1982 as a Desk Officer in its West Africa department...
    
    , Governor of the Cayman Islands
    Governor of the Cayman Islands
    The Governor of the Cayman Islands is the representative of the British monarch in the United Kingdom's overseas territory of the Cayman Islands. The Governor is appointed by the monarch on the advice of the British government...
    
     (2010–present)
  • Premier – McKeeva Bush
    McKeeva Bush
    William McKeeva Bush, OBE , is a Caymanian politician and the current Premier of the Cayman Islands. He also serves as leader of the United Democratic Party and the first elected member for West Bay...
    
    , Premier of the Cayman Islands
    Leader of Government Business
    The Premier of the Cayman Islands is the political leader and head of government. The post of Premier in the Cayman Islands is the equivalent to Chief Minister or Prime Minister in other British Overseas Territories. It is the highest political level that can be attained within the British colonial...
    
     (2009–present)

•  Costa Rica
  • President – Laura Chinchilla, President of Costa Rica (2010–present)

•  Cuba
  • Communist Party Leader –
    1. Fidel Castro
       Fidel Castro
       Fidel Alejandro Castro Ruz is a Cuban revolutionary and politician, having held the position of Prime Minister of Cuba from 1959 to 1976, and then President from 1976 to 2008. He also served as the First Secretary of the Communist Party of Cuba from the party's foundation in 1961 until 2011...
       
       , First Secretary of the Communist Party of Cuba
       Communist Party of Cuba
       The Communist Party of Cuba is the governing political party in Cuba. It is a communist party of the Marxist-Leninist model. The Cuban constitution ascribes the role of the Party to be the "leading force of society and of the state"...
       
        (1965–2011)
    2. Raúl Castro
       Raúl Castro
       Raúl Modesto Castro Ruz is a Cuban politician and revolutionary who has been President of the Council of State of Cuba and the President of the Council of Ministers of Cuba since 2008; he previously exercised presidential powers in an acting capacity from 2006 to 2008...
       
       , First Secretary of the Communist Party of Cuba
       Communist Party of Cuba
       The Communist Party of Cuba is the governing political party in Cuba. It is a communist party of the Marxist-Leninist model. The Cuban constitution ascribes the role of the Party to be the "leading force of society and of the state"...
       
        (2011–present)
  • President – Raúl Castro
    Raúl Castro
    Raúl Modesto Castro Ruz is a Cuban politician and revolutionary who has been President of the Council of State of Cuba and the President of the Council of Ministers of Cuba since 2008; he previously exercised presidential powers in an acting capacity from 2006 to 2008...
    
    , President of Cuba
    President of Cuba
    --209.174.31.28 18:43, 22 November 2011 The President of Cuba is the Head of state of Cuba. According to the Cuban Constitution of 1976, the President is the chief executive of the Council of State of Cuba...
    
     (2008–present)

(constituent country

Constituent country

Constituent country is a phrase sometimes used in contexts in which a country makes up a part of a larger entity. The term constituent country does not have any defined legal meaning, and is used simply to refer to a country which is a part Constituent country is a phrase sometimes used in contexts...

 of the Kingdom of the Netherlands

Kingdom of the Netherlands

The Kingdom of the Netherlands is a sovereign state and constitutional monarchy with territory in Western Europe and in the Caribbean. The four parts of the Kingdom—Aruba, Curaçao, the Netherlands, and Sint Maarten—are referred to as "countries", and participate on a basis of equality...

)

• • Governor – Frits Goedgedrag
    Frits Goedgedrag
    Frits M. de los Santos Goedgedrag is the current and first Governor of Curaçao. From 1 July 2002 to 9 October 2010, Goedgedrag was the Governor of the Netherlands Antilles. From 1992 to 1998, he was Administrator of Bonaire....
    
    , Governor of Curaçao
    Governor of Curaçao
    The Governor of Curaçao is the representative on Curaçao of the Dutch head of state . The governor's duties are twofold: he represents and guards the general interests of the Kingdom and is head of the government of Curaçao. He is accountable to the government of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. As...
    
     (2010–present)
  • Prime Minister – Gerrit Schotte
    Gerrit Schotte
    Gerrit Fransisco Schotte is a politician from Curaçao, and the current leader of the Movementu Futuro Kòrsou . In the Curaçao general election of August 27, 2010, the MFK became the second largest party with 5 seats in the Island Council. MFK formed an island government together with Pueblo...
    
    , Prime Minister of Curaçao
    Prime Minister of Curaçao
    The Prime Minister of Curaçao became the head of government of Curaçao after the Netherlands Antilles had been dissolved on 10 October 2010. The Prime Minister, together with the his Council of Ministers and the Governor of Curaçao form the executive branch of the government of Curaçao...
    
     (2010–present)

•  Dominica
  • President – Nicholas Liverpool
    Nicholas Liverpool
    Nicholas Joseph Orville Liverpool is a Dominican politician and jurist who has served as the sixth President of Dominica since October 2, 2003....
    
    , President of Dominica (2003–present)
  • Prime Minister – Roosevelt Skerrit
    Roosevelt Skerrit
    Roosevelt Skerrit is a Dominican politician who has been Prime Minister of Dominica since 2004; he has also been the Member of Parliament for the Vieille Case constituency since 2000...
    
    , Prime Minister of Dominica (2004–present)

•  Dominican Republic
  • President – Leonel Fernández
    Leonel Fernández
    Leonel Antonio Fernández Reyna is a Dominican lawyer, academic, and the current President of the Dominican Republic since 2004. He held the same office from 1996 to 2000...
    
    , President of the Dominican Republic (2004–present)

•  El Salvador
  • President – Mauricio Funes
    Mauricio Funes
    Carlos Mauricio Funes Cartagena is the President of El Salvador. He won the 2009 presidential election as the candidate of the left-wing Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front political party and took office on 1 June 2009.-Biography:Funes is married to Dr. Vanada Pignado, who was involved in...
    
    , President of El Salvador
    President of El Salvador
    This page contains a list of Presidents of El Salvador.-Heads of State of El Salvador within the Federal Republic of Central America :*Pedro Barriere : 21 September 1821 - 28 November 1821*José Matías Delgado : 28 Nov 1821 - 9 February 1823...
    
     (2009–present)

•  Grenada
  • Monarch – Elizabeth II, Queen of Grenada
    Monarchy of Grenada
    The monarchy of Grenada is a system of government in which a hereditary monarch is the sovereign of the Grenadas. The present monarch of Grenada is Queen Elizabeth II...
    
     (1974–present)
  • Governor-General – Sir Carlyle Glean
    Carlyle Glean
    Sir Carlyle Arnold Glean, GCMG is a Grenadian politician, currently serving as Governor-General of Grenada. He was the Minister of Education in the government of Nicholas Brathwaite from 1990 to 1995, after which he retired from politics. He was appointed Governor-General in November...
    
    , Governor-General of Grenada (2008–present)
  • Prime Minister – Tillman Thomas
    Tillman Thomas
    Tillman Joseph Thomas is a Grenadian politician, currently serving as Prime Minister of Grenada. He is also the leader of the National Democratic Congress .-Biography:...
    
    , Prime Minister of Grenada (2008–present)

•  Guatemala
  • President – Álvaro Colom
    Álvaro Colom
    Álvaro Colom Caballeros is the President of Guatemala for the 2008–2012 term and leader of the social-democratic National Unity of Hope .-Early years:...
    
    , President of Guatemala
    President of Guatemala
    The title of President of Guatemala has been the usual title of the leader of Guatemala since 1839, when that title was assumed by Mariano Rivera Paz...
    
     (2008–present)

•  Haiti
  • President –
    1. René Préval
       René Préval
       René Garcia Préval is a Haitian politician and agronomist who was the President of the Republic of Haiti from 14 May 2006 to 14 May 2011. He previously served as President from February 7, 1996, to February 7, 2001, and as Prime Minister from February 1991 to October 11, 1991.-Early life and...
       
       , President of Haiti
       President of Haiti
       The President of the Republic of Haiti is the head of state of Haiti. Executive power in Haiti is divided between the president and the government headed by the Prime Minister of Haiti...
       
        (2006–2011)
    2. Michel Martelly, President of Haiti
       President of Haiti
       The President of the Republic of Haiti is the head of state of Haiti. Executive power in Haiti is divided between the president and the government headed by the Prime Minister of Haiti...
       
        (2011–present)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Jean-Max Bellerive
       Jean-Max Bellerive
       Jean-Max Bellerive is a Haitian politician and outgoing Prime Minister of Haiti. He resigned on 14 May 2011.-Personal life:Bellerive was born in Port-au-Prince in 1958. As the son of a prominent doctor, he left Haiti at a very young age to study in Switzerland, France, and Belgium...
       
       , Prime Minister of Haiti
       Prime Minister of Haiti
       The Prime Minister of the Republic of Haiti is the head of government of Haiti. The Prime Minister is appointed by the President and ratified by the National Assembly. He or she appoints the Ministers and Secretaries of State and goes before the National Assembly to obtain a vote of confidence for...
       
        (2009–2011)
    2. Garry Conille
       Garry Conille
       Dr. Garry Conille is a Haitian academic, development worker, author, and current Prime Minister of Haiti.-Early life:...
       
       , Prime Minister of Haiti
       Prime Minister of Haiti
       The Prime Minister of the Republic of Haiti is the head of government of Haiti. The Prime Minister is appointed by the President and ratified by the National Assembly. He or she appoints the Ministers and Secretaries of State and goes before the National Assembly to obtain a vote of confidence for...
       
        (2011–present)

•  Honduras
  • President – Porfirio Lobo Sosa, President of Honduras
    President of Honduras
    This page lists the Presidents of Honduras.Colonial Honduras declared its independence from Spain on 15 September 1821. From 5 January 1822 to 1 July 1823, Honduras was part of the First Mexican Empire of Agustín de Iturbide....
    
     (2010–present)

•  Jamaica
  • Monarch – Elizabeth II, Queen of Jamaica
    Monarchy of Jamaica
    The Monarchy of Jamaica is a constitutional system of government in which a hereditary monarch is the sovereign and head of state of Jamaica, forming the core of the country's Westminster-style parliamentary democracy...
    
     (1962–present)
  • Governor-General – Sir Patrick Allen
    Patrick Allen (Jamaican)
    Sir Patrick Linton Allen, ON, GCMG, CD is the Governor General of Jamaica.- Biography :Allen was appointed Governor-General of Jamaica on February 26, 2009...
    
    , Governor-General of Jamaica
    Governor-General of Jamaica
    The Governor-General of Jamaica represents the Jamaican monarch, and head of state, who holds the title of King or Queen of Jamaica ....
    
     (2009–present)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Bruce Golding
       Bruce Golding
       Orette Bruce Golding MP served as Prime Minister of Jamaica from 11 September 2007 to 23 October 2011. He is a member of the Jamaica Labour Party.-Biography:...
       
       , Prime Minister of Jamaica
       Prime Minister of Jamaica
       The Prime Minister of Jamaica is Jamaica's head of government, currently Andrew Holness. Andrew Holness was elected as the new leader of the governing Jamaica Labour Party and succeeded Bruce Golding to become Jamaica's ninth Prime Minister on 23 October 2011...
       
        (2007–2011)
    2. Andrew Holness
       Andrew Holness
       Andrew Holness is Prime Minister of Jamaica since October 2011, and was Minister of Education since 2007.Holness attended St. Catherine High School and later graduated from the University of the West Indies...
       
       , Prime Minister of Jamaica
       Prime Minister of Jamaica
       The Prime Minister of Jamaica is Jamaica's head of government, currently Andrew Holness. Andrew Holness was elected as the new leader of the governing Jamaica Labour Party and succeeded Bruce Golding to become Jamaica's ninth Prime Minister on 23 October 2011...
       
        (2011–present)

•  Mexico
  • President – Felipe Calderón
    Felipe Calderón
    Felipe de Jesús Calderón Hinojosa is the current President of Mexico. He assumed office on December 1, 2006, and was elected for a single six-year term through 2012...
    
    , President of Mexico
    President of Mexico
    The President of the United Mexican States is the head of state and government of Mexico. Under the Constitution, the president is also the Supreme Commander of the Mexican armed forces...
    
     (2006–present)

(British overseas territory)

• • Governor –
    1. Peter Waterworth, Governor of Montserrat
       Governor of Montserrat
       The Governor of Montserrat is the representative of the British monarch in the United Kingdom's overseas territory of Montserrat. The Governor is appointed by the monarch on the advice of the British government...
       
        (2007–2011)
    2. Sarita Francis, Acting Governor of Montserrat
       Governor of Montserrat
       The Governor of Montserrat is the representative of the British monarch in the United Kingdom's overseas territory of Montserrat. The Governor is appointed by the monarch on the advice of the British government...
       
        (2011)
    3. Adrian Davis
       Adrian Davis (governor)
       Adrian Derek Davis is a British economist and civil servant, and is the current Governor of Montserrat.Since 1989 he has worked for the Department for International Development, and before that its predecessor, the Overseas Development Administration....
       
       , Governor of Montserrat
       Governor of Montserrat
       The Governor of Montserrat is the representative of the British monarch in the United Kingdom's overseas territory of Montserrat. The Governor is appointed by the monarch on the advice of the British government...
       
        (2011–present)
  • Premier – Reuben Meade
    Reuben Meade
    Reuben Theodor Meade is a politician from Montserrat, a veteran lawmaker and the current Premier since 27 September 2011. He served previously as the territory's chief minister from 10 October 1991 to 13 November 1996. His party is called Movement for Change and Prosperity . He previously led the...
    
    , Premier of Montserrat
    Chief Minister of Montserrat
    The Chief Minister of Montserrat is the head of government of Montserrat, an island in the Caribbean that is an overseas territory of the United Kingdom, appointed by the Governor of Montserrat on behalf of Queen Elizabeth II, Montserrat's head of state. The current Chief Minister of Montserrat is...
    
     (2009–present)

•  Nicaragua
  • President – Daniel Ortega
    Daniel Ortega
    José Daniel Ortega Saavedra is a Nicaraguan politician and revolutionary, currently serving as the 83rd President of Nicaragua, a position that he has held since 2007. He previously served as the 79th President, between 1985 and 1990, and for much of his life, has been a leader in the Sandinista...
    
    , President of Nicaragua
    President of Nicaragua
    The position of President of Nicaragua was created in the Constitution of 1854. From 1825 until the Constitution of 1838 the title of the position was known as Head of State and from 1838 to 1854 as Supreme Director .-Heads of State of Nicaragua within the Federal Republic of Central America...
    
     (2007–present)

•  Panama
  • President – Ricardo Martinelli
    Ricardo Martinelli
    Ricardo Alberto Martinelli Berrocal is a Panamanian politician and businessman who was elected the 49th President of Panama in 2009. He is a Panamanian of Italian descent from his father's side.- Early life :...
    
    , President of Panama (2009–present)

(Overseas collectivity of France)

• • Prefect – Jacques Simonnet, Prefect of Saint Barthélemy (2009–present)
  • President of the Territorial Council – Bruno Magras, President of the Territorial Council of Saint Barthélemy (2007–present)

•  Saint Kitts and Nevis
  • Monarch – Elizabeth II, Queen of Saint Kitts and Nevis
    Monarchy of Saint Kitts and Nevis
    The monarchy of Saint Kitts and Nevis is a system of government in which a hereditary monarch is the sovereign of Saint Kitts and Nevis. The present monarch of Saint Kitts and Nevis is Queen Elizabeth II. Saint Kitts and Nevis share the Sovereign with a number of Commonwealth realms...
    
     (1983–present)
  • Governor-General – Sir Cuthbert Sebastian
    Cuthbert Sebastian
    Sir Cuthbert Montraville Sebastian, GCMG, OBE , is the Governor-General of St. Kitts and Nevis. He was appointed Governor-General in 1995 and was sworn in on 1 January 1996....
    
    , Governor-General of Saint Kitts and Nevis (1996–present)
  • Prime Minister – Denzil Douglas
    Denzil Douglas
    Denzil Llewellyn Douglas has been Prime Minister of Saint Kitts and Nevis since July 1995. He leads the Saint Kitts and Nevis Labour Party. He is the longest serving Prime Minister Saint Kitts and Nevis has ever had....
    
    , Prime Minister of Saint Kitts and Nevis (1995–present)

} (autonomous island)

• • • Deputy Governor-General – Eustace John
      Eustace John
      Eustace John , Nevisian-born Deputy Governor-General of Nevis, was sworn into office in 1992. He is the second person to have served as deputy Governor-General of Nevis, preceded only by Weston Parris , who served from 1983 until 1992....
      
      , Deputy Governor-General of Nevis (1992–present)
    • Premier – Joseph Parry
      Joseph Parry (politician)
      Joseph Walcott Parry has been the Premier of Nevis since 11 July 2006. He is the leader of the Nevis Reformation Party .In the 10 July 2006 Island Assembly election, Parry's NRP won three out of five seats, ending the 14-year rule of the Concerned Citizens' Movement .In the 11 July 2011 Island...
      
      , Premier of Nevis
      Premier of Nevis
      The Premier of Nevis heads the Nevis Island Administration, an autonomous governing body within the Federation of Saint Kitts and Nevis-List of Premiers of Nevis :...
      
       (2006–present)

•  Saint Lucia
  • Monarch – Elizabeth II, Queen of Saint Lucia
    Monarchy of Saint Lucia
    The monarchy of Saint Lucia is a system of government in which a hereditary, constitutional monarch is the sovereign of Saint Lucia. The present monarch of Saint Lucia is Queen Elizabeth II. Saint Lucia share the Sovereign with a number of Commonwealth realms...
    
     (1979–present)
  • Governor-General – Dame Pearlette Louisy
    Pearlette Louisy
    Dame Pearlette Louisy, GCMG is the Governor-General of Saint Lucia. She is the first woman to hold this office, which she was sworn into on 19 September 1997....
    
    , Governor-General of Saint Lucia (1997–present)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Stephenson King
       Stephenson King
       Stephenson Toby King was the sixth Prime Minister of Saint Lucia. He represents the constituency of Castries North for the United Workers Party in the House of Assembly of Saint Lucia. King won the elections in 2006, unseating the incumbent Minister of Agriculture Ignatius Jean...
       
       , Prime Minister of Saint Lucia (2007–2011)
    2. Kenny Anthony
       Kenny Anthony
       Kenny Davis Anthony is a Saint Lucian politician who was the fifth Prime Minister of Saint Lucia from 1997 to 2006. As leader of the Saint Lucia Labour Party, he was Leader of the Opposition from 2006 to 2011 and returned to office as Prime Minister on 30 November 2011 following the 2011...
       
       , Prime Minister of Saint Lucia (2011–present)

(Overseas collectivity of France)

• • Prefect – Jacques Simonnet, Prefect of Saint Martin (2009–present)
  • President of the Territorial Council – Frantz Gumbs, President of the Territorial Council of Saint Martin (2009–present)

(Overseas collectivity of France)

• • Prefect – Jean-Régis Borius, Prefect of Saint Pierre and Miquelon
    Prefect of Saint Pierre and Miquelon
    The prefect of Saint Pierre and Miquelon is the local representative of the President of France and in effect the Governor or Executive officer of the territory.- Overview :...
    
     (2009–present)
  • President of the Territorial Council – Stéphane Artano
    Stéphane Artano
    Stéphane Artano is the president of the Conseil territorial of Saint Pierre and Miquelon, having been elected to that post on March 24, 2006. He is a member of the local political party Archipelago Tomorrow. Artano was convicted of embezzlement in 2009....
    
    , President of the Territorial Council of Saint Pierre and Miquelon (2006–present)

•  Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
  • Monarch – Elizabeth II, Queen of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
    Monarchy of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
    The monarchy of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines is the constitutional system of government in which a hereditary monarch is the sovereign and head of state of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, forming the core of the country's Westminster-style parliamentary democracy. The Crown is thus is the...
    
     (1979–present)
  • Governor-General – Sir Frederick Ballantyne
    Frederick Ballantyne
    Sir Frederick Nathaniel Ballantyne, GCMG is the Governor-General of St. Vincent and the Grenadines. He has been in this office since 2 September 2002, and was knighted in November. He replaced Monica Dacon who had been interim Governor General after the death of Charles Antrobus.-External links:*...
    
    , Governor-General of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (2002–present)
  • Prime Minister – Ralph Gonsalves
    Ralph Gonsalves
    Ralph Everard Gonsalves , also known as "Comrade Ralph", is the fourth and current Prime Minister of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, and leader of the Unity Labour Party . Gonsalves became Prime Minister after his party won a majority government in the 2001 general election...
    
    , Prime Minister of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (2001–present)

(constituent country

Constituent country

Constituent country is a phrase sometimes used in contexts in which a country makes up a part of a larger entity. The term constituent country does not have any defined legal meaning, and is used simply to refer to a country which is a part Constituent country is a phrase sometimes used in contexts...

 of the Kingdom of the Netherlands

Kingdom of the Netherlands

The Kingdom of the Netherlands is a sovereign state and constitutional monarchy with territory in Western Europe and in the Caribbean. The four parts of the Kingdom—Aruba, Curaçao, the Netherlands, and Sint Maarten—are referred to as "countries", and participate on a basis of equality...

)

• • Governor – Eugene Holiday
    Eugene Holiday
    Eugene Holiday is the first Governor of Sint Maarten, which became an constituent country within the Kingdom of the Netherlands on 10 October 2010. He was installed by the Council of Ministers of the Kingdom of the Netherlands on 7 September 2010. He was president of Princess Juliana International...
    
    , Governor of Sint Maarten
    Governor of Sint Maarten
    The Governor of Sint Maarten is the representative on Sint Maarten of the Dutch head of state . The governors duties are twofold: he represents and guards the general interests of the Kingdom and is head of the government of Sint Maarten. He is accountable to the government of the Kingdom of the...
    
     (2010–present)
  • Prime Minister – Sarah Wescot-Williams
    Sarah Wescot-Williams
    Sarah Wescot-Williams is the leader of the Democratic Party of Sint Maarten and the first Prime Minister of Sint Maarten. Even though her party only managed to secure two seats in the Sint Maarten general election of 2010, she was selected as Prime Minister in the coalition agreement between United...
    
    , Prime Minister of Sint Maarten
    Prime Minister of Sint Maarten
    The Prime Minister of Sint Maarten became the head of government of Sint Maarten after the Netherlands Antilles had been dissolved on 10 October 2010. The Prime Minister, together with the his Council of Ministers and the Governor of Sint Maarten form the executive branch of the government of Sint...
    
     (2010–present)

•  Trinidad and Tobago
  • President – George Maxwell Richards
    George Maxwell Richards
    George Maxwell Richards, TC, CM is the fourth President of the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago. A chemical engineer by training, Richards was Principal of the St. Augustine Campus of the University of the West Indies in Trinidad in 1996. He previously worked for Shell Trinidad Ltd. before...
    
    , President of Trinidad and Tobago
    President of Trinidad and Tobago
    The President of Trinidad and Tobago is the head of state of Trinidad and Tobago, and the commander in chief of its armed forces. The office was established when the country became a republic in 1976, before which the head of state was Queen Elizabeth II...
    
     (2003–present)
  • Prime Minister – Kamla Persad-Bissessar
    Kamla Persad-Bissessar
    Kamla Persad-Bissessar is the Prime Minister of the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago, the seventh person to hold this position...
    
    , Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago (2010–present)

} (autonomous island)

• • • Chief Secretary – Orville London, Chief Secretary of the House of Assembly of Tobago
      Tobago House of Assembly
      The Tobago House of Assembly is the local government body responsible for the island of Tobago within the twin-island nation of Trinidad and Tobago. The THA was established in 1980 to rectify some of the disparities in the relationship between the two islands, though a prior body using the same...
      
       (2001–present)

(British overseas territory)

• • Governor –
    1. Gordon Wetherell
       Gordon Wetherell
       Gordon Geoffrey Wetherell, CMG is a British diplomat who was the former Governor of the Turks and Caicos Islands. He was appointed on 5 August 2008, replacing Richard Tauwhare in the position...
       
       , Governor of the Turks and Caicos Islands
       Governor of the Turks and Caicos Islands
       The Governor of the Turks and Caicos Islands is the representative of the British monarch in the United Kingdom's overseas territory of Turks and Caicos Islands. The Governor is appointed by the monarch on the advice of the British government...
       
        (2008–2011)
    2. Martin Stanley, Acting Governor of the Turks and Caicos Islands
       Governor of the Turks and Caicos Islands
       The Governor of the Turks and Caicos Islands is the representative of the British monarch in the United Kingdom's overseas territory of Turks and Caicos Islands. The Governor is appointed by the monarch on the advice of the British government...
       
        (2011)
    3. Ric Todd, Governor of the Turks and Caicos Islands
       Governor of the Turks and Caicos Islands
       The Governor of the Turks and Caicos Islands is the representative of the British monarch in the United Kingdom's overseas territory of Turks and Caicos Islands. The Governor is appointed by the monarch on the advice of the British government...
       
        (2011–present)

•  United States
  • President – Barack Obama
    Barack Obama
    Barack Hussein Obama II is the 44th and current President of the United States. He is the first African American to hold the office. Obama previously served as a United States Senator from Illinois, from January 2005 until he resigned following his victory in the 2008 presidential election.Born in...
    
    , President of the United States
    President of the United States
    The President of the United States of America is the head of state and head of government of the United States. The president leads the executive branch of the federal government and is the commander-in-chief of the United States Armed Forces....
    
     (2009–present)

} (Commonwealth

Commonwealth (United States insular area)

In the terminology of the United States insular areas, a Commonwealth is a type of organized but unincorporated dependent territory.The definition of "Commonwealth" according to current U.S. State Department policy reads: "The term 'Commonwealth' does not describe or provide for any specific...

 of the United States)

• • • Governor – Luis Fortuño
      Luis Fortuño
      Luis Guillermo Fortuño Burset is the governor of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, a territory of the United States of America. Fortuño is also the president of the New Progressive Party of Puerto Rico , a member of the Republican National Committee, and will be president of the Council of State...
      
      , Governor of Puerto Rico
      Governor of Puerto Rico
      The Governor of Puerto Rico is the Head of Government of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico. Since 1948, the Governor has been elected by the people of Puerto Rico...
      
       (2009–present)

} (Insular area

Insular area

An insular area is a United States territory, that is neither a part of one of the fifty U.S. states nor the District of Columbia, the federal district of the United States...

 of the United States)

• • • Governor – John de Jongh
      John de Jongh
      John Percy de Jongh, Jr. is the current Governor of the U.S. Virgin Islands.-Life and career:de Jongh was born in Brooklyn, New York. As a child he attended Sts. Peter and Paul School on St. Thomas. After his parents' divorce, he lived with his mother in Detroit, Michigan while his mother did...
      
      , Governor of US Virgin Islands (2007–present)

Oceania

(unorganized

Unorganized territory

An unorganized territory is a region of land without a "normally" constituted system of government. This does not mean that the territory has no government at all or that it is unclaimed territory...

, unincorporated territory of the United States)

• • Governor – Togiola Tulafono
    Togiola Tulafono
    Togiola Talalelei A. Tulafono is the Governor of American Samoa. He is a member of the Democratic Party. He had previously served as Lieutenant Governor, taking this position on January 3, 1997....
    
    , Governor of American Samoa (2003–present)

•  Australia
  • Monarch – Elizabeth II, Queen of Australia (1952–present)
  • Governor-General – Quentin Bryce
    Quentin Bryce
    Quentin Bryce, AC, CVO is the 25th and current Governor-General of Australia and former Governor of Queensland....
    
    , Governor-General of Australia
    Governor-General of Australia
    The Governor-General of the Commonwealth of Australia is the representative in Australia at federal/national level of the Australian monarch . He or she exercises the supreme executive power of the Commonwealth...
    
     (2008–present)
  • Prime Minister – Julia Gillard
    Julia Gillard
    Julia Eileen Gillard is the 27th and current Prime Minister of Australia, in office since June 2010.Gillard was born in Barry, Vale of Glamorgan, Wales and migrated with her family to Adelaide, Australia in 1966, attending Mitcham Demonstration School and Unley High School. In 1982 Gillard moved...
    
    , Prime Minister of Australia
    Prime Minister of Australia
    The Prime Minister of the Commonwealth of Australia is the highest minister of the Crown, leader of the Cabinet and Head of Her Majesty's Australian Government, holding office on commission from the Governor-General of Australia. The office of Prime Minister is, in practice, the most powerful...
    
     (2010–present)

} (external territory of Australia)

• • • Administrator – Brian Lacy
      Brian Lacy
      Brian James Lacy is the current Administrator of Christmas Island and Cocos Islands. Lacy was the Senior Deputy President of the Australian Industrial Relations Commission before he took up his current position on 5 October 2009.-References:...
      
      , Administrator of Christmas Island (2009–present)
    • Shire President – Gordon Thomson, Shire president of Christmas Island (2003–present)

} (external territory of Australia)

• • • Administrator – Brian Lacy
      Brian Lacy
      Brian James Lacy is the current Administrator of Christmas Island and Cocos Islands. Lacy was the Senior Deputy President of the Australian Industrial Relations Commission before he took up his current position on 5 October 2009.-References:...
      
      , Administrator of Cocos (Keeling) Islands (2009–present)
    • Shire President – Balmut Pirus, Shire president of Cocos (Keeling) Islands (2009–present)

} (self-governing territory of Australia)

• • • Administrator – Owen Walsh
      Owen Walsh
      Owen Edward John Walsh is the current Administrator of the Australian territory of Norfolk Island.Walsh was educated at the University of Tasmania, from which he graduated with degrees in Arts and Law...
      
      , Administrator of Norfolk Island (2007–present)
    • Chief Minister – David Buffett
      David Buffett
      David Ernest Buffett AM is a political figure from the Australian territory of Norfolk Island. He is the current Chief Minister of Norfolk Island since March 2010, a position he has held on three previous occasions...
      
      , Chief Minister of Norfolk Island (2010–present)

•  Fiji
  • President – Ratu Epeli Nailatikau
    Epeli Nailatikau
    Brigadier-General Ratu Epeli Nailatikau, CF, LVO, OBE, MSD, OStJ, is a Fijian chief and the current President of Fiji. He has had a long career in the Military, diplomatic service, and government...
    
    , President of Fiji
    President of Fiji
    The President of the Republic of Fiji is the head of state of Fiji. The President was appointed by the Great Council of Chiefs for a five-year term under the terms of the now-suspended 1997 constitution. The Great Council of Chiefs is constitutionally required to consult the Prime Minister, but...
    
     (2009–present)
  • Prime Minister – Frank Bainimarama
    Frank Bainimarama
    Commodore Josaia Voreqe Bainimarama, CF, MSD, OStJ, Fijian Navy, known commonly as Frank Bainimarama and sometimes by the chiefly title Ratu , is a Fijian naval officer and politician. He is the Commander of the Fijian Military Forces and, as of April 2009, Prime Minister...
    
    , Prime Minister of Fiji
    Prime Minister of Fiji
    The Prime Minister of the Republic of Fiji is the head of government of Fiji. The Prime Minister was appointed by the President under the terms of the now-suspended 1997 constitution....
    
     (2007–present)

(French overseas collectivity

Collectivité d'outre-mer

The French overseas collectivities , like the French regions are first-order administrative divisions of France. The COMs include some former French overseas territories and other French overseas entities with a particular status, all of which became COMs by constitutional reform on 28 March...

)

• • High Commissioner –
    1. Adolphe Colrat
       Adolphe Colrat
       Adolphe Colrat is a French civil servant and the current French High Commissioner of the Republic in French Polynesia since 2008. He succeeded Anne Boquet in the post.-Early life :...
       
       , High Commissioner of the Republic in French Polynesia (2008–2011)
    2. Alexandre Rochatte, Acting High Commissioner of the Republic in French Polynesia (2011)
    3. Richard Didier
       Richard Didier
       Richard Didier is a French civil servant and administrator. Didier served as the Administrator Superior of Wallis and Futuna for two years August 14, 2006 and August 2008....
       
       , High Commissioner of the Republic in French Polynesia (2011–present)
  • President –
    1. Gaston Tong Sang
       Gaston Tong Sang
       Gaston Tong Sang is the former President of French Polynesia. He served terms as President of French Polynesia from November 2009 until April 2011, from April 2008 until February 2009 and from December 2006 until September 2007.; he is currently the Mayor of Bora-Bora...
       
       , President of French Polynesia
       President of French Polynesia
       This is the list of Presidents of French Polynesia.-See also:*List of monarchs of Tahiti*Colonial and Departmental Heads of French Polynesia-External links:*...
       
        (2009–2011)
    2. Oscar Temaru
       Oscar Temaru
       Oscar Manutahi Temaru is a French Polynesian politician. He has been President of French Polynesia , a French dependency with broad powers of self-rule, on five occasions: in 2004, from 2005 to 2006, from 2007 to 2008, in 2009, and again since 1 April 2011.-Career:He first served as the President...
       
       , President of French Polynesia
       President of French Polynesia
       This is the list of Presidents of French Polynesia.-See also:*List of monarchs of Tahiti*Colonial and Departmental Heads of French Polynesia-External links:*...
       
        (2011–present)

(Insular area

Insular area

An insular area is a United States territory, that is neither a part of one of the fifty U.S. states nor the District of Columbia, the federal district of the United States...

 of the United States)

• • Governor -
    1. Felix Perez Camacho
       Felix Perez Camacho
       Felix Perez Camacho is a former Governor of Guam and son of former Governor Carlos Camacho. He is a member of the United States Republican Party....
       
       , Governor of Guam (2003–2011)
    2. Eddie Calvo, Governor of Guam (2011–present)

•  Kiribati
  • President – Anote Tong
    Anote Tong
    Anote Tong is an I-Kiribati politician with Chinese heritage. He is the current President of Kiribati. He won the election in July 2003 with a slim plurality of votes cast against his brother, Dr. Harry Tong and the private lawyer Banuera Berina...
    
    , President of Kiribati
    President of Kiribati
    The President of Kiribati is the head of state and head of government of Kiribati.Following a general election, by which citizens elect the members of the House of Assembly, members select from their midst "not less than 3 nor more than 4 candidates" for the presidency. No other person may stand...
    
     (2003–present)

•  Marshall Islands
  • President – Jurelang Zedkaia
    Jurelang Zedkaia
    Jurelang Zedkaia is a Marshallese traditional chief and politician. Zedkaia was elected the 5th President of the Marshall Islands on October 26, 2009, following the ouster of his predecessor, Litokwa Tomeing, in the country's first successful vote of no confidence.-Biography:Zedkaia is the...
    
    , President of the Marshall Islands
    President of the Marshall Islands
    -List of Presidents of the Marshall Islands:...
    
     (2009–present)

• '
  • President – Manny Mori
    Manny Mori
    Emanuel "Manny" Mori is the current President of the Federated States of Micronesia. He was elected by the nation's Congress on May 11, 2007 and sworn in the same day....
    
    , President of the Federated States of Micronesia
    President of the Federated States of Micronesia
    The following is a list of the Presidents of the Federated States of Micronesia:-See also:*High Commissioner of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands...
    
     (2007–present)

•  Nauru
  • President –
    1. Marcus Stephen
       Marcus Stephen
       Marcus Stephen was President of the Republic of Nauru from December 2007 to November 2011. In addition to the presidency, he held the offices of Minister for Home Affairs, Minister for the Nauru Phosphate Royalties Trust, Minister for Police, Prisons, & Emergency Services, and Minister for Public...
       
       , President of Nauru
       President of Nauru
       The President of Nauru is elected by Parliament from amongst its members. He is both the head of state and head of government of Nauru. Nauru's unicameral Parliament has 18 members, with an electoral term of 3 years. Political parties only play a minor role in Nauru politics, and there has often...
       
        (2007–2011)
    2. Frederick Pitcher
       Frederick Pitcher
       Frederick William "Freddie" Pitcher is a Nauruan political figure. In December 2007, Pitcher was appointed Finance Minister of Nauru, to serve in the Administration of President Marcus Stephen....
       
       , President of Nauru
       President of Nauru
       The President of Nauru is elected by Parliament from amongst its members. He is both the head of state and head of government of Nauru. Nauru's unicameral Parliament has 18 members, with an electoral term of 3 years. Political parties only play a minor role in Nauru politics, and there has often...
       
        (2011)
    3. Sprent Dabwido
       Sprent Dabwido
       Sprent Jared Dabwido is a Nauruan politician. He became the President of Nauru on 15 November 2011.-Background:Dabwido is a close relative of former parliamentarian Audi Dabwido, who served in the first parliament of Nauru in 1968.-Parliamentary role:Dabwido was elected to parliament in the 2004...
       
       , President of Nauru
       President of Nauru
       The President of Nauru is elected by Parliament from amongst its members. He is both the head of state and head of government of Nauru. Nauru's unicameral Parliament has 18 members, with an electoral term of 3 years. Political parties only play a minor role in Nauru politics, and there has often...
       
        (2011–present)

 New Caledonia (Sui Generis Collectivity of France)

• • High Commissioner – Albert Dupuy
    Albert Dupuy
    Albert Dupuy is a French civil servant.He was prefect of the French overseas territory of St. Pierre and Miquelon, from January 2005 to August 2006.From December 2008 to July 2010, he was prefect of Isère....
    
    , High Commissioner of New Caledonia (2010–present)
  • President –
    1. Philippe Gomès
       Philippe Gomès
       Philippe Gomès is a New Caledonian politician and, from 5 June 2009 to 11 March 2011, President of the Government of New Caledonia, an overseas territory of France in the Pacific Ocean....
       
       , President of the Government of New Caledonia
       President of the Government of New Caledonia
       This is the list of Presidents of the Government of New Caledonia since 1998, when the Nouméa Accord was signed. The President is often from the largest party in the Congress of New Caledonia, though the government itself is made up of cabinet ministers from all parties in Congress, allocated...
       
        (2009–2011)
    2. Harold Martin
       Harold Martin (politician)
       Harold Martin is a New Caledonian politician, President of the Government of New Caledonia and, since May 22, 2009, President of the Congress of New Caledonia...
       
       , President of the Government of New Caledonia
       President of the Government of New Caledonia
       This is the list of Presidents of the Government of New Caledonia since 1998, when the Nouméa Accord was signed. The President is often from the largest party in the Congress of New Caledonia, though the government itself is made up of cabinet ministers from all parties in Congress, allocated...
       
        (2011–present)

•  New Zealand
  • Monarch – Elizabeth II, Queen of New Zealand
    Monarchy in New Zealand
    The monarchy of New Zealand also referred to as The Crown in Right of New Zealand, Her Majesty in Right of New Zealand, or The Queen in Right of New Zealand is the constitutional system of government in which a hereditary monarch is the sovereign and head of state of the Realm of New Zealand,...
    
     (1952–present)
  • Governor-General –
    1. Sir Anand Satyanand
       Anand Satyanand
       Sir Anand Satyanand, GNZM, QSO, KStJ was the 19th Governor-General of New Zealand. He previously worked as a lawyer, judge and ombudsman.-Early life and family:...
       
       , Governor-General of New Zealand
       Governor-General of New Zealand
       The Governor-General of New Zealand is the representative of the monarch of New Zealand . The Governor-General acts as the Queen's vice-regal representative in New Zealand and is often viewed as the de facto head of state....
       
        (2006–2011)
    2. Dame Sian Elias
       Sian Elias
       Dame Sian Seerpoohi Elias, GNZM, PC, QC is the Chief Justice of New Zealand, and is therefore the most senior member of the country's judiciary. She is the presiding judge of the Supreme Court of New Zealand...
       
       , Administrator of the Government of New Zealand (2011)
    3. Sir Jerry Mateparae
       Jerry Mateparae
       Lieutenant General Sir Jeremiah "Jerry" Mateparae, GNZM, QSO is New Zealand's 20th Governor-General. He was Chief of the New Zealand Defence Force between 2006 and 2011, the first Māori person to hold the office, and the Director of the New Zealand Government Communications Security Bureau from 7...
       
       , Governor-General of New Zealand
       Governor-General of New Zealand
       The Governor-General of New Zealand is the representative of the monarch of New Zealand . The Governor-General acts as the Queen's vice-regal representative in New Zealand and is often viewed as the de facto head of state....
       
        (2011–present)
  • Prime Minister – John Key
    John Key
    John Phillip Key is the 38th Prime Minister of New Zealand, in office since 2008. He has led the New Zealand National Party since 2006....
    
    , Prime Minister of New Zealand
    Prime Minister of New Zealand
    The Prime Minister of New Zealand is New Zealand's head of government consequent on being the leader of the party or coalition with majority support in the Parliament of New Zealand...
    
     (2008–present)

} (Associated state

Associated state

An associated state is the minor partner in a formal, free relationship between a political territory with a degree of statehood and a nation, for which no other specific term, such as protectorate, is adopted...

 of New Zealand)

• • • Queen's Representative – Sir Frederick Tutu Goodwin
      Frederick Tutu Goodwin
      Sir Frederick Tutu Goodwin, KBE, is the Queen's Representative to the Cook Islands.Goodwin joined the Cook Islands Police in 1956. He served as a constable, then joined the New Zealand Police Force for a short time, before returning to the Cook Islands, where he eventually rose to the rank of...
      
      , Queen's Representative of the Cook Islands
      Queen's Representative
      The Queen's Representative is the formal title given to the representative of Queen Elizabeth II, as Queen of New Zealand, in the Cook Islands....
      
       (2001–present)
    • Prime Minister – Henry Puna
      Henry Puna
      Henry Tuakeu Puna is the current Prime Minister of the Cook Islands. He is leader of the Cook Islands Party.-Early life:Puna grew up in Aitutaki. He was educated on Aitutaki and Rarotonga before studying law at the University of Auckland in New Zealand and the University of Tasmania in Australia...
      
      , Prime Minister of the Cook Islands
      Prime Minister of the Cook Islands
      The Prime Minister of the Cook Islands is the official rsponsible for heading Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II's government in the Cook Islands, a self-governing territory in free association with New Zealand. The office was established in 1965, when self-government was first granted to the islands...
      
       (2010–present)

} (associated state

Associated state

An associated state is the minor partner in a formal, free relationship between a political territory with a degree of statehood and a nation, for which no other specific term, such as protectorate, is adopted...

 of New Zealand)

• • • Premier – Toke Talagi
      Toke Talagi
      Toke Tufukia Talagi is the current premier of Niue. He was elected premier by the Niue Assembly on 19 June 2008, defeating the standing premier Young Vivian by fourteen votes to five, with one abstaining....
      
      , Premier of Niue
      Premier of Niue
      The Premier of Niue is Niue's head of government. He or she is elected by the Niue Assembly, and forms a Cabinet consisting of him- or herself and three other members of the Assembly....
      
       (2008–present)

} (dependent territory

Dependent territory

A dependent territory, dependent area or dependency is a territory that does not possess full political independence or sovereignty as a State, and remains politically outside of the controlling state's integral area....

 of New Zealand)

• • • Administrator –
      1. John Allen
         John Allen (diplomat)
         John Allen was the acting Administrator of Tokelau from 2009 until 2011.-References:...
         
         , Acting Administrator of Tokelau (2009–2011)
      2. Jonathan Kings
         Jonathan Kings
         Jonathan Kings is the Administrator of Tokelau since 2011.-References:...
         
         , Administrator of Tokelau (2011–present)
    • Head of Government –
      1. Kuresa Nasau
         Kuresa Nasau
         Kuresa Nasau is a Tokelauan politician who currently serves as head of government . He has previously held the position five times. He is also faipule of Atafu...
         
         , Head of Government of Tokelau (2010–2011)
      2. Foua Toloa
         Foua Toloa
         Foua Toloa is a Tokelauan politician who served as the Head of the Government of Tokelau, or Ulu, from February 21, 2009, to February 21, 2010. He is a member of the Council for the Ongoing Government of Tokelau, and is a faipule on Fakaofo...
         
         , Head of Government of Tokelau (2011–present)

(Commonwealth

Commonwealth (United States insular area)

In the terminology of the United States insular areas, a Commonwealth is a type of organized but unincorporated dependent territory.The definition of "Commonwealth" according to current U.S. State Department policy reads: "The term 'Commonwealth' does not describe or provide for any specific...

 of the United States)

• • Governor – Benigno Fitial, Governor of the Northern Mariana Islands (2006–present)

•  Palau
  • President – Johnson Toribiong
    Johnson Toribiong
    Johnson Toribiong is a Palauan attorney and politician who is the current President of Palau, following his victory in the November 2008 election.-Background and earlier career:...
    
    , President of Palau
    President of Palau
    -List of Presidents of Palau:-Latest election:-See also:*Vice-President of Palau*High Commissioner of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands...
    
     (2009–present)

•  Papua New Guinea
  • Monarch – Elizabeth II, Queen of Papua New Guinea (1975–present)
  • Governor-General – Sir Michael Ogio
    Michael Ogio
    Sir Michael Ogio, GCMG, CBE is the ninth and current Governor-General of Papua New Guinea.He was leader of the People's Democratic Movement party....
    
    , Governor-General of Papua New Guinea
    Governor-General of Papua New Guinea
    The Governor-General of Papua New Guinea is the viceregal representative of Queen Elizabeth II, known in Tok Pisin as 'Missis Kwin', Papua New Guinea's head of state, performing the duties of the Queen in her absence...
    
     (2010–present)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Sir Michael Somare
       Michael Somare
       Sir Michael Thomas Somare, GCL, GCMG, CH, CF, KStJ, MP was Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea from 2002 to 2011; he had previously been Prime Minister from independence in 1975 until 1980 and again from 1982 until 1985. Somare's first two terms were as a member of the Pangu Party, but he then...
       
       , Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea
       Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea
       The Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea, is Papua New Guinea's head of government, consequent on being the leader of the party or coalition with majority support in the National Parliament. Since 2 August 2011, the Prime Minister has been Peter O’Neill of the People's National Congress Party.-List...
       
        (2002–2011)
    2. Sam Abal
       Sam Abal
       Samuel Tei "Sam" Abal is a Papua New Guinean politician. Abal, who previously served as Foreign Minister from August 2007 to December 2010, became the Deputy Prime Minister of the country in a cabinet reshuffle by Michael Somare on 7 December 2010...
       
       , Acting Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea
       Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea
       The Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea, is Papua New Guinea's head of government, consequent on being the leader of the party or coalition with majority support in the National Parliament. Since 2 August 2011, the Prime Minister has been Peter O’Neill of the People's National Congress Party.-List...
       
        (2010–2011)
    3. Sam Abal
       Sam Abal
       Samuel Tei "Sam" Abal is a Papua New Guinean politician. Abal, who previously served as Foreign Minister from August 2007 to December 2010, became the Deputy Prime Minister of the country in a cabinet reshuffle by Michael Somare on 7 December 2010...
       
       , Acting Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea
       Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea
       The Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea, is Papua New Guinea's head of government, consequent on being the leader of the party or coalition with majority support in the National Parliament. Since 2 August 2011, the Prime Minister has been Peter O’Neill of the People's National Congress Party.-List...
       
        (2011)
    4. Peter O'Neill
       Peter O'Neill
       Peter Charles Paire O'Neill, CMG is the current Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea. He is the leader of the People's National Congress and represents the constituency of Ialibu-Pangia.-Biography:...
       
       , Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea
       Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea
       The Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea, is Papua New Guinea's head of government, consequent on being the leader of the party or coalition with majority support in the National Parliament. Since 2 August 2011, the Prime Minister has been Peter O’Neill of the People's National Congress Party.-List...
       
        (2011–present)

} (autonomous region)

• • • President – John Momis
      John Momis
      John Momis is the current President of the Autonomous Region of Bougainville. Momis was sworn in as President of Bougainville on June 10, 2010, after defeating his predecessor, President James Tanis, and five other challengers by a landslide in the 2010 presidential election.Momis, who served as a...
      
      , President of Bougainville
      President of the Autonomous Region of Bougainville
      The President of the Autonomous Region of Bougainville governs the island, which is an autonomous entity within Papua New Guinea.The first President of Bougainville was Joseph Kabui, who was elected in June 2005, following the 2000 peace agreement which ended the Bougainville War...
      
       (2010–present)

(British overseas territory)

• • Governor – Victoria Treadell
    Victoria Treadell
    Victoria "Vicki" Marguerite Treadell, CMG, MVO is the current British High Commissioner to New Zealand and Samoa, and the current Governor of Pitcairn....
    
    , Governor of the Pitcairn Islands
    Governor of the Pitcairn Islands
    The Governor of the Pitcairn Islands is the representative of the British crown in the Pitcairn Islands, which are the last remaining British territory in the Pacific Ocean...
    
     (2010–present)
  • Commissioner – Leslie Jacques, Commissioner of the Pitcairn Islands (2003–present)
  • Mayor – Mike Warren
    Mike Warren (mayor of Pitcairn)
    Michael Calvert Warren is the current mayor of Adamstown, the capital city and sole settlement of Pacific territory Pitcairn Islands....
    
    , Mayor of the Pitcairn Islands (2007–present)

•  Samoa
  • Head of State – Tufuga Efi, O le Ao o le Malo of Samoa
    O le Ao o le Malo
    O le Ao o le Malo is the Samoan head of state, which is the title's rough translation....
    
     (2007–present)
  • Prime Minister – Tuilaepa Aiono Sailele Malielegaoi
    Tuilaepa Aiono Sailele Malielegaoi
    Tuilaepa Lupesoliai Sailele Malielegaoi is a Samoan politician who has been Prime Minister of Samoa since 1998.-Biography:Born at Lepa, Samoa, Malielegaoi is an economist by profession...
    
    , Prime Minister of Samoa
    Prime Minister of Samoa
    This is a list of Prime Ministers of Samoa from the establishment of that office in 1875 until the present day.-List of Prime Ministers of Samoa :-See also:*Samoa**Politics of Samoa...
    
     (1998–present)

•  Solomon Islands
  • Monarch – Elizabeth II, Queen of the Solomon Islands
    Monarch of the Solomon Islands
    The monarchy of the Solomon Islands is a system of government in which a hereditary monarch is the sovereign of the Solomon Islands. The present monarch of the Solomon Islands is Queen Elizabeth II. The Solomon Islands share the Sovereign with a number of Commonwealth realms...
    
     (1978–present)
  • Governor-General – Sir Frank Kabui
    Frank Kabui
    Sir Frank Utu Ofagioro Kabui, GCMG, CSI, OBE has been the Governor General of the Solomon Islands since 7 July 2009.He is also a trained judge, having been his country's first law graduate in 1975, and is a former member of the Solomon Islands Bar Association , having twice served as its...
    
    , Governor-General of the Solomon Islands
    Governor-General of the Solomon Islands
    The Governor-General of Solomon Islands is the representative of the Queen of Solomon Islands, Elizabeth II. The Queen does not reside in the islands, and so the Governor-General serves as the country's de facto head of state in her absence....
    
     (2009–present)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Danny Philip
       Danny Philip
       Danny Philip is a politician and diplomat from the Solomon Islands. He is the current Prime Minister, who came into office after the 2010 general election. He served as foreign minister from 1995 to 1996 and from July 2000 to June 2001...
       
       , Prime Minister of the Solomon Islands
       Prime Minister of the Solomon Islands
       The Prime Minister of Solomon Islands is Solomon Islands' head of government, consequent on being the leader of the party or coalition with majority support in the National Parliament. Solomon Islands is a Commonwealth realm. Since August 2010, the Prime Minister has been Danny Philip of the Reform...
       
        (2010–2011)
    2. Gordon Lilo Darcy, Prime Minister of the Solomon Islands
       Prime Minister of the Solomon Islands
       The Prime Minister of Solomon Islands is Solomon Islands' head of government, consequent on being the leader of the party or coalition with majority support in the National Parliament. Solomon Islands is a Commonwealth realm. Since August 2010, the Prime Minister has been Danny Philip of the Reform...
       
        (2011–present)

•  Tonga
  • Monarch – George Tupou V
    George Tupou V
    George Tupou V , is the current King of Tonga.-Early life:...
    
    , King of Tonga (2006–present)
  • Prime Minister – Sialeʻataonga Tuʻivakanō, Prime Minister of Tonga
    Prime Minister of Tonga
    This is a list of Prime Ministers of Tonga from the establishment of that office in 1876 until the present day.-List of Premiers/Prime Ministers of Tonga :-External links:*...
    
     (2010–present)

•  Tuvalu
  • Monarch – Elizabeth II, Queen of Tuvalu (1978–present)
  • Governor-General – Sir Iakoba Italeli
    Iakoba Italeli
    Sir Iakoba Taeia Italeli, GCMG, is a politician and the current Governor General of Tuvalu .-Political office:From 2006 to 2010 he was Minister of Education and Sports, and Health, in the government of the Prime Minister of Tuvalu, Apisai Ielemia.-Constituency background:Italeli was elected to...
    
    , Governor-General of Tuvalu
    Governor-General of Tuvalu
    The Governor-General of Tuvalu is the representative of Queen Elizabeth II as Queen of Tuvalu, the nation's Head of State, and performs the duties of the Queen in her absence.-History:...
    
     (2010–present)
  • Prime Minister – Willy Telavi
    Willy Telavi
    Willy Telavi is a Tuvaluan politician. He became Prime Minister of Tuvalu on 24 December 2010.-Background:Telavi is from Nanumea. His career in the Tuvalu Police Force culminated in his appointment as Police Commissioner in 1993, a position he held for thirteen years...
    
    , Prime Minister of Tuvalu
    Prime Minister of Tuvalu
    The Prime Minister of Tuvalu is the head of government of Tuvalu. According to Tuvalu's constitution, the Prime Minister must always be a member of Parliament, and is elected by Parliament in a secret ballot. Because there are no political parties in Tuvalu, any member of Parliament can be...
    
     (2010–present)

•  Vanuatu
  • President – Iolu Abil
    Iolu Abil
    Iolu Johnson Abil is a Vanuatuan politician. He was elected and sworn in as the President of Vanuatu on 2 September 2009.-Personal life:...
    
    , President of Vanuatu
    President of Vanuatu
    The President of Vanuatu is the head of state of Vanuatu. The President is elected for a five-year term by an electoral college consisting of Parliament and the presidents of the regional councils.The President's role is mostly ceremonial...
    
     (2009–present)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Sato Kilman
       Sato Kilman
       Sato Kilman is a Vanuatu politician. He was Prime Minister of Vanuatu from December 2010 to April 2011 and from May to June 2011, though his premiership was subsequently annulled by a court of law. He was elected Prime Minister again on 26 June 2011, thus beginning his first legally recognised term...
       
       , Prime Minister of Vanuatu (2010–2011)
    2. Serge Vohor
       Serge Vohor
       Rialuth Serge Vohor is a politician from Vanuatu. He hails from the largest island of Vanuatu, Espiritu Santo, from Port Olry.He is a member of the Union of Moderate Parties, a conservative, Francophone political party. When his party came to power in 1991, Vohor became foreign minister of Vanuatu...
       
       , Prime Minister of Vanuatu (2011)
    3. Sato Kilman
       Sato Kilman
       Sato Kilman is a Vanuatu politician. He was Prime Minister of Vanuatu from December 2010 to April 2011 and from May to June 2011, though his premiership was subsequently annulled by a court of law. He was elected Prime Minister again on 26 June 2011, thus beginning his first legally recognised term...
       
       , Prime Minister of Vanuatu (2011)
    4. Edward Natapei
       Edward Natapei
       Edward Nipake Natapei Tuta Fanua`araki is a politician from Vanuatu. He was elected Prime Minister of Vanuatu on two separate terms, and was previously the Minister of Foreign Affairs briefly in 1991, the acting President of Vanuatu from 2 March 1999 to 24 March 1999 , and Deputy Prime Minister...
       
       , Interim Prime Minister of Vanuatu (2011)
    5. Sato Kilman
       Sato Kilman
       Sato Kilman is a Vanuatu politician. He was Prime Minister of Vanuatu from December 2010 to April 2011 and from May to June 2011, though his premiership was subsequently annulled by a court of law. He was elected Prime Minister again on 26 June 2011, thus beginning his first legally recognised term...
       
       , Prime Minister of Vanuatu (2011–present)

(French overseas collectivity

Collectivité d'outre-mer

The French overseas collectivities , like the French regions are first-order administrative divisions of France. The COMs include some former French overseas territories and other French overseas entities with a particular status, all of which became COMs by constitutional reform on 28 March...

)

• • Administrator-Superior – Michel Jeanjean
    Michel Jeanjean
    Michel Jeanjean is the current Administrator Superior of Wallis and Futuna.A public lawyer by training, Jeanjean began his career in government administration during the 1970s. He has held domestic French administrative posts including as sub-prefect of Torcy, chief of staff of Meurthe-et-Moselle...
    
    , Administrator Superior of Wallis and Futuna
    Administrator Superior of Wallis and Futuna
    The Administrator Superior of Wallis and Futuna is the representative of the President of the French Republic in Wallis and Futuna. The current Administrator is Michel Jeanjean...
    
     (2010–present)
  • President of the Territorial Assembly – Siliako Lauhea, President of the Territorial Assembly of Wallis and Futuna
    Territorial Assembly of Wallis and Futuna
    Wallis and Futuna elects on territorial level a legislature. The Territorial Assembly has 20 members, elected for a five year term by proportional representation in multi-seat constituencies....
    
     (2010–present)

South America

•  Argentina
  • President – Cristina Fernández de Kirchner
    Cristina Fernández de Kirchner
    Cristina Elisabet Fernández de Kirchner , commonly known as Cristina Fernández or Cristina Kirchner is the 55th and current President of Argentina and the widow of former President Néstor Kirchner. She is Argentina's first elected female president, and the second female president ever to serve...
    
    , President of Argentina (2007–present)

•  Bolivia
  • President – Evo Morales
    Evo Morales
    Juan Evo Morales Ayma , popularly known as Evo , is a Bolivian politician and activist, currently serving as the 80th President of Bolivia, a position that he has held since 2006. He is also the leader of both the Movement for Socialism party and the cocalero trade union...
    
    , President of Bolivia
    President of Bolivia
    The President of Bolivia is head of state and head of government of Bolivia. According to the current Constitution, the president is elected by popular vote to a five year term, renewable once...
    
     (2006–present)

•  Brazil
  • President –
    1. Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva
       Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva
       Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva , known popularly as Lula, served as the 35th President of Brazil from 2003 to 2010.A founding member of the Workers' Party , he ran for President three times unsuccessfully, first in the 1989 election. Lula achieved victory in the 2002 election, and was inaugurated as...
       
       , President of Brazil
       President of Brazil
       The president of Brazil is both the head of state and head of government of the Federative Republic of Brazil. The president leads the executive branch of the federal government and is the commander-in-chief of the Brazilian Armed Forces...
       
        (2003–2011)
    2. Dilma Rousseff
       Dilma Rousseff
       Dilma Vana Rousseff is the 36th and current President of Brazil. She is the first woman to hold the office. Prior to that, in 2005, she was also the first woman to become Chief of Staff of Brazil, appointed by then President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva....
       
       , President of Brazil
       President of Brazil
       The president of Brazil is both the head of state and head of government of the Federative Republic of Brazil. The president leads the executive branch of the federal government and is the commander-in-chief of the Brazilian Armed Forces...
       
        (2011–present)

•  Chile
  • President – Sebastián Piñera
    Sebastián Piñera
    Miguel Juan Sebastián Piñera Echenique is a Chilean businessman and politician. He was elected President of Chile in January 2010, taking office in March 2010.- Education :...
    
    , President of Chile
    President of Chile
    The President of the Republic of Chile is both the head of state and the head of government of the Republic of Chile. The President is responsible of the government and state administration...
    
     (2010–present)

•  Colombia
  • President – Juan Manuel Santos
    Juan Manuel Santos
    Juan Manuel Santos Calderón is a Colombian politician who has been the President of Colombia since 7 August 2010. He previously served as Minister of Foreign Trade, Minister of Finance, and Minister of National Defense.-Career:...
    
    , President of Colombia (2010–present)

•  Ecuador
  • President – Rafael Correa
    Rafael Correa
    Rafael Vicente Correa Delgado born is the President of the Republic of Ecuador and was the president pro tempore of the Union of South American Nations. An economist educated in Ecuador, Belgium and the United States, he was elected President in late 2006 and took office in January 2007...
    
    , President of Ecuador (2007–present)

(British overseas territory)

• • Governor – Nigel Haywood
    Nigel Haywood
    Nigel Robert Haywood CVO is a British diplomat, the former British ambassador to Estonia and the current Governor of the Falkland Islands....
    
    , Governor of the Falkland Islands
    Governor of the Falkland Islands
    The Governor of the Falkland Islands is the representative of the British Crown in the Falkland Islands, acting "in Her Majesty's name and on Her Majesty's behalf" as the islands' de facto head of state in the absence of the British monarch...
    
     (2010–present)
  • Chief Executive – Tim Thorogood
    Tim Thorogood
    Timothy "Tim" Rupert Thorogood is the current Chief Executive of the Falkland Islands, acting as the islands' head of government....
    
    , Chief Executive of the Falkland Islands
    Chief Executive of the Falkland Islands
    The Chief Executive of the Falklands Islands is the head of government of the Falkland Islands, as well as head of the public service responsible for the efficient and effective management of the Falkland Islands Government...
    
     (2008–present)

•  Guyana
  • President – Bharrat Jagdeo
    Bharrat Jagdeo
    Bharrat Jagdeo is a Guyanese politician who has been President of Guyana since 11 August 1999. Prior to his presidency he was Minister of Finance and became President after Janet Jagan resigned for health reasons; subsequently he won two elections, in 2001 and 2006.Jagdeo was born in Unity Village...
    
    , President of Guyana (1999–present)
  • Prime Minister – Sam Hinds
    Sam Hinds
    Samuel Archibald Anthony Hinds is a Guyanese politician who has been Prime Minister of Guyana almost continuously since 1992...
    
    , Prime Minister of Guyana (1999–present)

•  Paraguay
  • President – Fernando Lugo
    Fernando Lugo
    Fernando Armindo Lugo Méndez is the current President of Paraguay and a former Roman Catholic bishop of the Diocese of San Pedro.-Early life:...
    
    , President of Paraguay (2008–present)

•  Peru
  • President –
    1. Alan García, President of Peru (2006–2011)
    2. Ollanta Humala
       Ollanta Humala
       Ollanta Moisés Humala Tasso is a Peruvian politician and the President of Peru. Humala, who previously served as an army officer, lost the presidential election in 2006 but won the 2011 presidential election in a run-off vote...
       
       , President of Peru (2011–present)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. José Antonio Chang
       José Antonio Chang
       José Antonio Chang Escobedo was the Prime Minister of Peru, appointed by President Alan García. He was also Minister of Education, and resigned both cabinet positions on Friday March 18, 2011....
       
       , Prime Minister of Peru (2010–2011)
    2. Rosario Fernández, Prime Minister of Peru (2011)
    3. Salomón Lerner Ghitis
       Salomón Lerner Ghitis
       Salomón Lerner Ghitis, also known as Siomi Lerner is a Peruvian businessman and politician, who has been Prime Minister of Peru since 28 July 2011. He was appointed prime minister following the 2011 presidential election won by Ollanta Humala.-Early life:Salómon Lerner is of Jewish descent. He...
       
       , Prime Minister of Peru (2011–present)

•  Suriname
  • President – Dési Bouterse
    Dési Bouterse
    Desiré Delano "Dési" Bouterse is the 9th and current President of Suriname.As an army officer, he was the de facto leader of Suriname through most of the 1980s, serving as Chairman of the National Military Council...
    
    , President of Suriname
    President of Suriname
    The President of the Republic of Suriname is, in accordance with the Constitution of 1987, the head of state, head of government, and commander-in-chief of Suriname....
    
     (2010–present)

•  Uruguay
  • President – José Mujica
    José Mujica
    José Alberto "Pepe" Mujica Cordano is a Uruguayan politician and former guerrilla fighter, a member of the Broad Front and current President of Uruguay....
    
    , President of Uruguay (2010–present)

•  Venezuela
  • President – Hugo Chávez
    Hugo Chávez
    Hugo Rafael Chávez Frías is the 56th and current President of Venezuela, having held that position since 1999. He was formerly the leader of the Fifth Republic Movement political party from its foundation in 1997 until 2007, when he became the leader of the United Socialist Party of Venezuela...
    
    , President of Venezuela (1999–present)

External links

• http://www.portalestoria.net/rulers%20countryby.htm
• Rulers
• CIDOB Foundation