Africa

•  Algeria
  • Head of State - Houari Boumediène
    Houari Boumediene
    Houari Boumedienne served as Algeria's Chairman of the Revolutionary Council from 19 June 1965 until 12 December 1976, and from then on as the fourth President of Algeria to his death on 27 December 1978.- Background :Mohamed Ben Brahim Boukharouba was born near Héliopolis in the province of...
    
    , President of the Revolutionary Council of Algeria
    President of Algeria
    The President of Algeria is the head of state and chief executive of Algeria, as well as the Commander-in-Chief of the Algerian armed forces.-History of the office:...
    
     (1965–1978)
•  Botswana
  • President - Sir Seretse Khama
    Seretse Khama
    Sir Seretse Khama, KBE was a statesman from Botswana. Born into one of the more powerful of the royal families of what was then the British Protectorate of Bechuanaland, and educated abroad in neighbouring South Africa and in the United Kingdom, he returned home—with a popular but controversial...
    
    , President of Botswana (1966–1980) Burundi
    Burundi
    Burundi , officially the Republic of Burundi , is a landlocked country in the Great Lakes region of Eastern Africa bordered by Rwanda to the north, Tanzania to the east and south, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the west. Its capital is Bujumbura...
    
    
  • President - Michel Micombero
    Michel Micombero
    Michel Micombero was the first President of Burundi from November 28, 1966 to November 1, 1976. He was member of the Tutsi ethnicity....
    
    , President of Burundi (1966–1976)
•  Cameroon
  • President - Ahmadou Ahidjo
    Ahmadou Ahidjo
    Ahmadou Babatoura Ahidjo was the first President of Cameroon from 1960 until 1982.-Early life:Ahidjo was born in Garoua, a major river port along the Benue River in northern Cameroun, which was at the time a French mandate territory...
    
    , President of Cameroon
    Heads of state of Cameroon
    -Presidents of Cameroon :-Affiliations:-Latest election:-See also:*Politics of Cameroon*Heads of government of Cameroon*Colonial heads of Cameroon...
    
     (1960–1992)
  • Prime Ministers -
    • East Cameroon - Simon Pierre Tchoungui, Prime Minister of East Cameroon (1965–1972)
    • West Cameroon - Salomon Tandeng Muna
      Salomon Tandeng Muna
      Salomon Tandeng Muna was a Cameroonian politician of the UNC. He served as the first Prime Minister of the federated state of West Cameroon from January 11, 1968 to June 2, 1972. He was President of the National Assembly of Cameroon from 1973 to 1988 .-References:...
      
      , Prime Minister of West Cameroon (1968–1972)
•  Central African Republic
  • President - Jean-Bédel Bokassa
    Jean-Bédel Bokassa
    Jean-Bédel Bokassa , a military officer, was the head of state of the Central African Republic and its successor state, the Central African Empire, from his coup d'état on 1 January 1966 until 20 September 1979...
    
    , President of the Central African Republic
    Heads of state of the Central African Republic (and Central African Empire)
    This is a complete list of the heads of state of the Central African Republic and Central African Empire. There have been five heads of state in the history of the Central African Republic and Central African Empire since independence was obtained from the French on 13 August 1960...
    
     (1966–1979)
•  Chad
  • President - François Tombalbaye
    François Tombalbaye
    François Tombalbaye, also called Ngarta Tombalbaye , was a teacher and a trade union activist who served as the first president of Chad. He was born in the southern region of the country in the Moyen-Chari Prefecture near the city of Koumara and was of the Sara ethnic group, the prominent ethnicity...
    
    , President of Chad
    Heads of state of Chad
    -List of Heads of State of Chad:-Affiliations:-External links:**...
    
     (1960–1975)
  • Prime Minister - François Tombalbaye
    François Tombalbaye
    François Tombalbaye, also called Ngarta Tombalbaye , was a teacher and a trade union activist who served as the first president of Chad. He was born in the southern region of the country in the Moyen-Chari Prefecture near the city of Koumara and was of the Sara ethnic group, the prominent ethnicity...
    
    , Prime Minister of Chad (1959–1975)   Congo–Brazzaville (People's Republic of the Congo)
    People's Republic of the Congo
    The People's Republic of the Congo was a self-declared Marxist-Leninist socialist state that was established in 1970 in the Republic of the Congo...
    
    
  • the Republic of the Congo
    Republic of the Congo
    The Republic of the Congo , sometimes known locally as Congo-Brazzaville, is a state in Central Africa. It is bordered by Gabon, Cameroon, the Central African Republic, the Democratic Republic of the Congo , the Angolan exclave province of Cabinda, and the Gulf of Guinea.The region was dominated by...
    
     changed name to People's Republic of the Congo
    People's Republic of the Congo
    The People's Republic of the Congo was a self-declared Marxist-Leninist socialist state that was established in 1970 in the Republic of the Congo...
    
     on 3 January 1970
  • Head of State - Marien Ngouabi
    Marien Ngouabi
    Marien Ngouabi was the military President of the Republic of the Congo from January 1, 1969 to March 18, 1977.-Origins:...
    
    , Head of State of the People's Republic of the Congo
    Heads of state of the Republic of the Congo
    -List of Heads of State of the Republic of the Congo :-Affiliations:-See also:*Congo*Republic of the Congo**List of heads of government of the Republic of the Congo...
    
     (1969–1977) Congo–Kinshasa (Democratic Republic of the Congo)
    Zaire
    The Republic of Zaire was the name of the present Democratic Republic of the Congo between 27 October 1971 and 17 May 1997. The name of Zaire derives from the , itself an adaptation of the Kongo word nzere or nzadi, or "the river that swallows all rivers".-Self-proclaimed Father of the Nation:In...
    
    
  • President - Joseph-Désiré Mobutu, President of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
    Heads of state of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
    This is the list of the Heads of State of the Democratic Republic of the Congo since independence in 1960. The current head of state is President Joseph Kabila, since 26 January 2001.-Heads of State:-Affiliations:...
    
     (1965–1994)
•  Republic of Dahomey
  • Head of State -
    1. Paul-Émile de Souza
       Paul-Émile de Souza
       Colonel Paul-Émile de Souza was a Beninese army officer and political figure. He was chairman of the Directory of Dahomey from December 13, 1969 to May 7, 1970.-Military career:...
       
       , Chairman of the Directory of Dahomey (1969–1970)
    2. Hubert Maga
       Hubert Maga
       Coutoucou Hubert Maga was a politician from Dahomey .Dahomey was renamed Benin in 1975. See . He arose on a political scene where one's power was dictated by what region in Dahomey they lived...
       
       , Chairman of the Presidential Council of Dahomey (1970–1972)
•  Equatorial Guinea
  • President - Francisco Macías Nguema
    Francisco Macías Nguema
    Francisco Macías Nguema was the first President of Equatorial Guinea, from 1968 until his overthrow in 1979.-Rise to power:...
    
    , President of Equatorial Guinea (1968–1979)
•  Ethiopian Empire
  • Monarch - Haile Selassie I, Emperor of Ethiopia
    Emperor of Ethiopia
    The Emperor of Ethiopia was the hereditary ruler of Ethiopia until the abolition of the monarchy in 1974. The Emperor was the head of state and head of government, with ultimate executive, judicial and legislative power in that country...
    
     (1941–1974)
  • Prime Minister - Aklilu Habte-Wold
    Aklilu Habte-Wold
    Tsehafi Taezaz Aklilu Habte-Wold was an Ethiopian politician under Emperor Haile Selassie. He was foreign minister of Ethiopia from 1947 to 1958 and Prime Minister from 1961 until shortly before his death....
    
    , Prime Minister of Ethiopia (1961–1974)
•  Gabon
  • President - Albert-Bernard Bongo, President of Gabon (1967–2009)
•  The Gambia
  • Monarch - Elizabeth II
    Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom
    Elizabeth II is the constitutional monarch of 16 sovereign states known as the Commonwealth realms: the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Jamaica, Barbados, the Bahamas, Grenada, Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, Tuvalu, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Belize,...
    
    , Queen of The Gambia
    Commonwealth Realm
    A Commonwealth realm is a sovereign state within the Commonwealth of Nations that has Elizabeth II as its monarch and head of state. The sixteen current realms have a combined land area of 18.8 million km² , and a population of 134 million, of which all, except about two million, live in the six...
    
     (1965–1970)
  • Governor-General - Sir Farimang Mamadi Singateh
    Farimang Mamadi Singateh
    Alhaji Sir Farimang Mamadi Singateh was the second and last Governor General of The Gambia, representing Queen Elizabeth II as head of state. Succeeding Sir John Warburton Paul, who had previously been Governor before independence, Sir Farimang was the only Gambian citizen to hold that post,...
    
    , Governor-General of The Gambia (1966–1970)
  • President - Sir Dawda Jawara
    Dawda Jawara
    Sir Dawda Kairaba Jawara, GCMG was the first leader of The Gambia, serving first as Prime Minister from 1962 to 1970 and then as President from 1970 to 1994....
    
    , President of The Gambia
    Heads of state of the Gambia
    -Heads of State of The Gambia :-Affiliations:*PPP - People's Progressive Party*APRC - Alliance for Patriotic Reorientation and Construction*Mil - Military of the Gambia...
    
     (1970–1994)
  • Prime Minister - Sir Dawda Jawara
    Dawda Jawara
    Sir Dawda Kairaba Jawara, GCMG was the first leader of The Gambia, serving first as Prime Minister from 1962 to 1970 and then as President from 1970 to 1994....
    
    , Prime Minister of The Gambia
    Heads of Government of the Gambia
    -List of Heads of Government of The Gambia:-Affiliations:*UP - United Party*PPP - People's Progressive Party*APRC - Alliance for Patriotic Reorientation and Construction...
    
     (1962–1970)
•  Ghana
  • Head of State -
    1. Akwasi Afrifa
       Akwasi Afrifa
       Brigadier Akwasi Amankwaa Afrifa was a Ghanaian soldier, farmer, a traditional ruler and politician.He was the head of state of Ghana and leader of the military government in 1969 and then Chairman of the Presidential Commission between 1969 and 1970. He continued as a farmer and political activist...
       
       , Chairman of the Presidential Commission of Ghana
       Heads of state of Ghana
       Prior to independence in 1957, Ghana was known as the British colony of Gold Coast. Before then it had been divided among a number of states, by far the largest of which was the Ashanti Empire, whose rulers were known as the Asantehene....
       
        (1969–1970)
    2. Nii Amaa Ollennu
       Nii Amaa Ollennu
       Raphael Nii Amaa Ollennu was the Chairman of the Presidential Commission and acting President of Ghana during the Second Republic from 7 August 1970 to 31 August 1970.-Early life:...
       
       , Acting Chairman of the Presidential Commission of Ghana
       Heads of state of Ghana
       Prior to independence in 1957, Ghana was known as the British colony of Gold Coast. Before then it had been divided among a number of states, by far the largest of which was the Ashanti Empire, whose rulers were known as the Asantehene....
       
        (1970)
    3. Edward Akufo-Addo
       Edward Akufo-Addo
       Edward Akufo-Addo was a politician and lawyer in Ghana. He was one of the Big Six in the fight for Ghana's independence. He also became the Chief Justice and later President of the Republic of Ghana.-Education:...
       
       , President of Ghana
       Heads of state of Ghana
       Prior to independence in 1957, Ghana was known as the British colony of Gold Coast. Before then it had been divided among a number of states, by far the largest of which was the Ashanti Empire, whose rulers were known as the Asantehene....
       
        (1970–1972)
  • Prime Minister - Kofi Abrefa Busia
    Kofi Abrefa Busia
    Kofi Abrefa Busia was Prime Minister of Ghana from 1969–72. He was born in Wenchi, in the then British colony of Gold Coast . He was educated at Methodist School, Wenchi, Mfantsipim School, Cape Coast, then at Wesley College, Kumasi from 1931–32. He later became a teacher at Achimota Secondary...
    
    , Prime Minister of Ghana
    Prime Minister of Ghana
    The Prime Minister of Ghana was the head of government of Ghana from 1957 to 1960 and again from 1969 to 1972.-History of the office:The country's first leader and Prime Minister was Kwame Nkrumah of the Convention People's Party...
    
     (1969–1972)
•  Guinea
  • President - Ahmed Sékou Touré
    Ahmed Sékou Touré
    Ahmed Sékou Touré was an African political leader and President of Guinea from 1958 to his death in 1984...
    
    , President of Guinea (1958–1984)
•  Côte d'Ivoire
  • President - Félix Houphouët-Boigny
    Félix Houphouët-Boigny
    Félix Houphouët-Boigny , affectionately called Papa Houphouët or Le Vieux, was the first President of Côte d'Ivoire. Originally a village chief, he worked as a doctor, an administrator of a plantation, and a union leader, before being elected to the French Parliament and serving in a number of...
    
    , President of Ivory Coast (1960–1993)
•  Kenya
  • President - Jomo Kenyatta
    Jomo Kenyatta
    Jomo Kenyattapron.] served as the first Prime Minister and President of Kenya. He is considered the founding father of the Kenyan nation....
    
    , President of Kenya (1964–1978)
•  Lesotho
  • Monarch -
    1. Moshoeshoe II
       Moshoeshoe II of Lesotho
       Moshoeshoe II , previously known as Constantine Bereng Seeiso, was the paramount chief of Lesotho, succeeding paramount chief Seeiso from 1960 until the country gained full independence from Britain in 1966...
       
       , King of Lesotho (1960–1970)
    2. Leabua Jonathan
       Leabua Jonathan
       Joseph Leabua Jonathan was the second Prime Minister of Lesotho. He succeeded Chief Sekhonyana Nehemia Maseribane following a by-election and held that post from 1965 to 1986.-Early life and career:...
       
       , prime minister ruling as head of state (1970)
    3. Queen 'Mamohato
       'MaMohato of Lesotho
       Queen 'Mamohato Bereng Seeiso served as the Regent Head of State of Lesotho on three occasions:*From 5 June to 5 December 1970*From 10 March to 12 November 1990...
       
       , Regent of Lesotho (1970)
    4. Moshoeshoe II
       Moshoeshoe II of Lesotho
       Moshoeshoe II , previously known as Constantine Bereng Seeiso, was the paramount chief of Lesotho, succeeding paramount chief Seeiso from 1960 until the country gained full independence from Britain in 1966...
       
       , King of Lesotho (1970–1990)
  • Prime Minister - Leabua Jonathan
    Leabua Jonathan
    Joseph Leabua Jonathan was the second Prime Minister of Lesotho. He succeeded Chief Sekhonyana Nehemia Maseribane following a by-election and held that post from 1965 to 1986.-Early life and career:...
    
    , Prime Minister of Lesotho (1965–1986)
•  Liberia
  • President - William Tubman
    William Tubman
    William Vacanarat Shadrach Tubman was a Liberian politician. He was the 19th President of Liberia from 1944 until his death in 1971....
    
    , President of Liberia (1944–1971)
•   Libya
  • De facto Head of State - Muammar Gaddafi
    Muammar Gaddafi
    Muammar Muhammad Abu Minyar Gaddafi or "September 1942" 20 October 2011), commonly known as Muammar Gaddafi or Colonel Gaddafi, was the official ruler of the Libyan Arab Republic from 1969 to 1977 and then the "Brother Leader" of the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya from 1977 to 2011.He seized power in a...
    
    , Guide of the Revolution of Libya (1969–2011)
  • Nominal Head of State - Muammar Gaddafi
    Muammar Gaddafi
    Muammar Muhammad Abu Minyar Gaddafi or "September 1942" 20 October 2011), commonly known as Muammar Gaddafi or Colonel Gaddafi, was the official ruler of the Libyan Arab Republic from 1969 to 1977 and then the "Brother Leader" of the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya from 1977 to 2011.He seized power in a...
    
    , Chairman of the Revolutionary Command Council of Libya (1969–1979)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Mahmud Sulayman al-Maghribi
       Mahmud Sulayman al-Maghribi
       Mahmood Suleiman Maghribi was Prime Minister of Libya from 8 September 1969 to 16 January 1970. He died 17 July 2009.- Biography :...
       
       , Prime Minister of Libya (1969–1970)
    2. Muammar Gaddafi
       Muammar Gaddafi
       Muammar Muhammad Abu Minyar Gaddafi or "September 1942" 20 October 2011), commonly known as Muammar Gaddafi or Colonel Gaddafi, was the official ruler of the Libyan Arab Republic from 1969 to 1977 and then the "Brother Leader" of the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya from 1977 to 2011.He seized power in a...
       
       , Prime Minister of Libya (1970–1972) Malagasy Republic
  • President - Philibert Tsiranana
    Philibert Tsiranana
    Philibert Tsiranana was a Malagasy politician and leader, who served as the first President of Madagascar from 1959 to 1972....
    
    , President of Malagasy Republic (1959–1972)
•  Malawi
  • President - Hastings Banda
    Hastings Banda
    Hastings Kamuzu Banda was the leader of Malawi and its predecessor state, Nyasaland, from 1961 to 1994. After receiving much of his education overseas, Banda returned to his home country to speak against colonialism and advocate for independence...
    
    , President of Malawi (1966–1994)
•  Mali
  • Head of State - Moussa Traoré
    Moussa Traoré
    General Moussa Traoré is a Malian soldier and politician. As a Lieutenant, he led the military ouster of President Modibo Keïta in 1968. Thereafter he served as Head of State from 1968-1979, and President of Mali from 1979 to 1991, when he was overthrown by popular protests and military coup...
    
    , Head of State of Mali (1968–1991)
•  Mauritania
  • President - Moktar Ould Daddah
    Moktar Ould Daddah
    Moktar Ould Daddah was the President of Mauritania from 1960, when his country gained its independence from France, to 1978, when he was deposed in a military coup d'etat.- Background :...
    
    , President of Mauritania (1960–1978) Mauritius
    Mauritius (commonwealth realm)
    The commonwealth realm of Mauritius, known simply officially as 'Mauritius', was a predecessor to modern-day Republic of Mauritius and an independent state that existed between 1968 and 1992. When British rule ended in 1968, Mauritius was given independence as a commonwealth realm in which form the...
    
    
  • Monarch - Elizabeth II
    Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom
    Elizabeth II is the constitutional monarch of 16 sovereign states known as the Commonwealth realms: the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Jamaica, Barbados, the Bahamas, Grenada, Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, Tuvalu, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Belize,...
    
    , Queen of Mauritius
    Commonwealth Realm
    A Commonwealth realm is a sovereign state within the Commonwealth of Nations that has Elizabeth II as its monarch and head of state. The sixteen current realms have a combined land area of 18.8 million km² , and a population of 134 million, of which all, except about two million, live in the six...
    
     (1968–1992)
  • Governor-General - Sir Leonard Williams, Governor-General of Mauritius (1968–1972)
  • Prime Minister - Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam
    Seewoosagur Ramgoolam
    Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam KT,GCMG,KCMG,LRCP, MRCS is the first Chief Minister, Prime Minister and sixth Governor General of Mauritius....
    
    , Prime Minister of Mauritius (1961–1982)
•  Morocco
  • Monarch - Hassan II
    Hassan II of Morocco
    King Hassan II l-ḥasan aṯ-ṯānī, dial. el-ḥasan ettâni); July 9, 1929 – July 23, 1999) was King of Morocco from 1961 until his death in 1999...
    
    , King of Morocco (1961–1999)
  • Prime Minister - Ahmed Laraki
    Ahmed Laraki
    Ahmed Laraki was the Prime Minister of Morocco between October 6, 1969 and August 6, 1971. - References :...
    
    , Prime Minister of Morocco (1969–1971)
•  Niger
  • President - Hamani Diori
    Hamani Diori
    Hamani Diori was the first President of the Republic of Niger. He was appointed to that office in 1960, when Niger gained independence.- Youth :...
    
    , President of Niger
    Heads of state of Niger
    -List of Heads of State of Niger:-Affiliations:-See also:*Niger*List of colonial heads of Niger*Heads of Government of Niger*Lists of Incumbents-References:*...
    
     (1960–1974)
•  Nigeria
  • Head of State - Yakubu Gowon
    Yakubu Gowon
    General Yakubu "Jack" Dan-Yumma Gowon was the head of state of Nigeria from 1966 to 1975. He took power after one military coup d'etat and was overthrown in another...
    
    , Head of the Federal Military Government of Nigeria
    President of Nigeria
    The President of Nigeria is the Head of State and head of the national executive. Officially styled President of the Federal Republic of Nigeria and Commander-in-Chief of the Nigerian Armed Forces. The current President of Nigeria is Goodluck Jonathan.-History:On October 1, 1960, Nigeria gained...
    
     (1966–1975)
  •  Biafra (unrecognized secessionist state)
    • reintegrated into Nigeria on 12 January 1970
    • President -
      1. Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu
         Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu
         Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu was a Nigerian military officer and politician.Ojukwu served as the military governor of the Eastern Region of Nigeria in 1966, the leader of the breakaway Republic of Biafra from 1967 to 1970 and a leading Nigerian politician from 1983 to 2011, when he died, aged...
         
         , President of Biafra (1967–1970)
      2. Philip Effiong
         Philip Effiong
         Philip Efiong was the first Vice President and the second and last President of the now defunct Republic of Biafra during the Nigerian Civil War of 1967 to 1970.-Early life:...
         
         , President of Biafra (1970) (unrecognized, de facto independent country)
  • Monarch - Elizabeth II
    Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom
    Elizabeth II is the constitutional monarch of 16 sovereign states known as the Commonwealth realms: the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Jamaica, Barbados, the Bahamas, Grenada, Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, Tuvalu, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Belize,...
    
    , Queen of Rhodesia
    Commonwealth Realm
    A Commonwealth realm is a sovereign state within the Commonwealth of Nations that has Elizabeth II as its monarch and head of state. The sixteen current realms have a combined land area of 18.8 million km² , and a population of 134 million, of which all, except about two million, live in the six...
    
     (unacknowledged by her) (1965–1970)
  • President - Clifford Dupont
    Clifford Dupont
    Clifford Walter Dupont, GCLM ID was a British-born Rhodesian politician who served in the internationally unrecognised positions of Officer Administrating the Government and President...
    
    , Officer Administering the Government of Rhodesia (1965–1970), President of Rhodesia
    President of Rhodesia
    The position of President of Rhodesia was the nominal head of state of Rhodesia from 1970 to 1979. As with Rhodesia itself, the position lacked international recognition for the entire period. The position of president, however, was mostly symbolic, and Rhodesia never had a presidential system of...
    
     (1970–1975)
  • Prime Minister - Ian Smith
    Ian Smith
    Ian Douglas Smith GCLM ID was a politician active in the government of Southern Rhodesia, the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland, Rhodesia, Zimbabwe Rhodesia and Zimbabwe from 1948 to 1987, most notably serving as Prime Minister of Rhodesia from 13 April 1964 to 1 June 1979...
    
    , Prime Minister of Rhodesia
    Prime Minister of Rhodesia
    The Prime Minister of Rhodesia was the head of government in the colony of Rhodesia. Rhodesia's political system was modelled on the Westminster system and the Prime Minister's role was similar to that of the same position in other countries such as the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New...
    
     (1965–1979)
•  Rwanda
  • President - Grégoire Kayibanda
    Grégoire Kayibanda
    Grégoire Kayibanda was the first elected and second President of the Republic of Rwanda. He led Rwanda's struggle for independence from Belgium, and replaced the Tutsi monarchy with a republican form of government. He asserted Hutu majority power.-Early life and education:Grégoire Kayibanda was...
    
    , President of Rwanda (1961–1973)
•  Senegal
  • President - Léopold Sédar Senghor
    Léopold Sédar Senghor
    Léopold Sédar Senghor was a Senegalese poet, politician, and cultural theorist who for two decades served as the first president of Senegal . Senghor was the first African elected as a member of the Académie française. Before independence, he founded the political party called the Senegalese...
    
    , President of Senegal (1960–1980)
  • Prime Minister - Abdou Diouf
    Abdou Diouf
    Abdou Diouf was the second President of Senegal, serving from 1981 to 2000. Diouf is notable both for coming to power by peaceful succession, and leaving willingly after losing the 2000 presidential election to Abdoulaye Wade...
    
    , Prime Minister of Senegal
    Prime Minister of Senegal
    The Prime Minister of Senegal is the head of government of Senegal. The Prime Minister is appointed by the President of Senegal, who is directly elected for a five year term. The Prime Minister, in turn, appoints the Senegalese cabinet, after consultation with the President.This is a list of the...
    
     (1970–1980) Sierra Leone
    Sierra Leone (commonwealth realm)
    The commonwealth realm of Sierra Leone, known officially simply as Sierra Leone, was a predecessor to modern-day Sierra Leone and an independent state and that existed between 27 April 1967 and 19 April 1971. It was the African country with the longest tenure as a commonwealth realm...
    
    
  • Monarch - Elizabeth II
    Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom
    Elizabeth II is the constitutional monarch of 16 sovereign states known as the Commonwealth realms: the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Jamaica, Barbados, the Bahamas, Grenada, Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, Tuvalu, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Belize,...
    
    , Queen of Sierra Leone
    Commonwealth Realm
    A Commonwealth realm is a sovereign state within the Commonwealth of Nations that has Elizabeth II as its monarch and head of state. The sixteen current realms have a combined land area of 18.8 million km² , and a population of 134 million, of which all, except about two million, live in the six...
    
     (1961–1971)
  • Governor-General - Sir Banja Tejan-Sie
    Banja Tejan-Sie
    Sir Banja Tejan-Sie, GCMG was a politician and lawyer in Sierra Leone and one of the "founding fathers" of the Sierra Leone People's Party . Tejan-Sie was born in Moyamba District to a famous Muslim cleric and scholar from the Fulah tribe...
    
    , Governor-General of Sierra Leone (1968–1971)
  • Prime Minister - Siaka Stevens
    Siaka Stevens
    Siaka Probyn Stevens was the 3rd prime minister of Sierra Leone from 1967–1971 and the 1st president of Sierra Leone from 1971–1985. Stevens is generally criticised for dictatorial methods of government in which many of his political opponents were executed, as well as for mismanaging...
    
    , Prime Minister of Sierra Leone (1968–1971) Somalia
    Somali Democratic Republic
    The Somali Democratic Republic was the name that the communist regime of former President of Somalia Major General Mohamed Siad Barre gave to Somalia after seizing power during a bloodless coup d'état in 1969...
    
    
  • President - Siad Barre
    Siad Barre
    Mohamed Siad Barre was the military dictator and President of the Somali Democratic Republic from 1969 to 1991. During his rule, he styled himself as Jaalle Siyaad ....
    
    , President of Somalia (1969–1991)
•  South Africa
  • President - Jacobus Johannes Fouché
    Jacobus Johannes Fouché
    Jacobus Johannes Fouché served as the second President of South Africa from 1968 to 1975.Born in the Boer republic of the Orange Free State , Fouché was a successful farmer...
    
    , State President of South Africa
    State President of South Africa
    State President, or Staatspresident in Afrikaans, was the title of South Africa's head of state from 1961 to 1994. The office was established when the country became a republic in 1961, and Queen Elizabeth II ceased to be head of state...
    
     (1968–1975)
  • Prime Minister - B. J. Vorster, Prime Minister of South Africa (1966–1978)
•  Sudan
  • Head of State - Gaafar Nimeiry
    Gaafar Nimeiry
    Gaafar Muhammad an-Nimeiry was the Nubian President of Sudan from 1969 to 1985...
    
    , Chairman of the Revolutionary Command Council of Sudan (1969–1985)
  • Prime Minister - Gaafar Nimeiry
    Gaafar Nimeiry
    Gaafar Muhammad an-Nimeiry was the Nubian President of Sudan from 1969 to 1985...
    
    , Prime minister of Sudan
    Prime minister of Sudan
    -List of heads of government of Sudan:-Affiliations:*UNF - United National Front*NUP - National Unionist Party*DUP - Democratic Unionist Party...
    
     (1969–1976)
•  Swaziland
  • Monarch - Sobhuza II
    Sobhuza II of Swaziland
    Ngwenyama Sobhuza II was the Paramount Chief and later King of Swaziland. He was the son of Ngwane V.-Biography:...
    
    , King of Swaziland (1921–1982)
  • Prime Minister - Prince Makhosini Dlamini
    Makhosini Dlamini
    Prince Makhosini Jaheso Dlamini was Prime Minister of Swaziland from 16 May 1967 to 31 March 1976.Dlamini was also the country's foreign minister from 1968 to 1970....
    
    , Prime Minister of Swaziland (1967–1976)
•  Tanzania
  • President - Julius Nyerere
    Julius Nyerere
    Julius Kambarage Nyerere was a Tanzanian politician who served as the first President of Tanzania and previously Tanganyika, from the country's founding in 1961 until his retirement in 1985....
    
    , President of Tanzania (1962–1985)
•  Togo
  • President - Étienne Eyadéma, President of Togo (1967–2005)
•  Tunisia
  • President - Habib Bourguiba
    Habib Bourguiba
    Habib Bourguiba was a Tunisian statesman, the Founder and the first President of the Republic of Tunisia from July 25, 1957 until 7 November 1987...
    
    , President of Tunisia
    President of Tunisia
    The President of Tunisia, formally known as the President of the Tunisian Republic is the head of state of Tunisia. Tunisia is a presidential republic in which the president is the head of the executive branch of government with the assistance of the Prime Minister of Tunisia, formally the head of...
    
     (1957–1987)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Bahi Ladgham
       Bahi Ladgham
       Bahi Ladgham was a Tunisian politician.*Secretary of Presidency .*Prime minister of Tunisia...
       
       , Prime Minister of Tunisia
       Prime Minister of Tunisia
       The Prime Minister of the Tunisian Republic is the head of government of Tunisia. The Prime Minister is appointed by the President of Tunisia...
       
        (1969–1970)
    2. Hedi Amara Nouira
       Hedi Amara Nouira
       Hédi Amara Nouira was a Tunisian politician. He served as the Prime Minister of Tunisia between 1970 and 1980....
       
       , Prime Minister of Tunisia
       Prime Minister of Tunisia
       The Prime Minister of the Tunisian Republic is the head of government of Tunisia. The Prime Minister is appointed by the President of Tunisia...
       
        (1970–1980)
•  Uganda
  • President - Milton Obote
    Milton Obote
    Apolo Milton Obote , Prime Minister of Uganda from 1962 to 1966 and President of Uganda from 1966 to 1971, then again from 1980 to 1985. He was a Ugandan political leader who led Uganda towards independence from the British colonial administration in 1962.He was overthrown by Idi Amin in 1971, but...
    
    , President of Uganda
    President of Uganda
    -List of Presidents of Uganda:-Affiliations:-See also:*Uganda*Vice President of Uganda*Prime Minister of Uganda*Politics of Uganda*History of Uganda*Political parties of Uganda...
    
     (1966–1971)
• '
  • President -
    1. Gamal Abdel Nasser
       Gamal Abdel Nasser
       Gamal Abdel Nasser Hussein was the second President of Egypt from 1956 until his death. A colonel in the Egyptian army, Nasser led the Egyptian Revolution of 1952 along with Muhammad Naguib, the first president, which overthrew the monarchy of Egypt and Sudan, and heralded a new period of...
       
       , President of the United Arab Republic
       President of Egypt
       The President of the Arab Republic of Egypt is the head of state of Egypt.Under the Constitution of Egypt, the president is also the supreme commander of the armed forces and head of the executive branch of the Egyptian government....
       
        (1954–1970)
    2. Anwar Sadat
       Anwar Sadat
       Muhammad Anwar al-Sadat was the third President of Egypt, serving from 15 October 1970 until his assassination by fundamentalist army officers on 6 October 1981...
       
       , President of the United Arab Republic
       President of Egypt
       The President of the Arab Republic of Egypt is the head of state of Egypt.Under the Constitution of Egypt, the president is also the supreme commander of the armed forces and head of the executive branch of the Egyptian government....
       
        (1970–1981)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Gamal Abdel Nasser
       Gamal Abdel Nasser
       Gamal Abdel Nasser Hussein was the second President of Egypt from 1956 until his death. A colonel in the Egyptian army, Nasser led the Egyptian Revolution of 1952 along with Muhammad Naguib, the first president, which overthrew the monarchy of Egypt and Sudan, and heralded a new period of...
       
       , Prime Minister of the United Arab Republic (1967–1970)
    2. Mahmoud Fawzi
       Mahmoud Fawzi
       Mahmoud Fawzi was an Egyptian diplomat and political figure from Circassian origin, . He was born and died in Cairo....
       
       , Prime Minister of the United Arab Republic (1970–1971)
•  Republic of Upper Volta
  • President - Sangoulé Lamizana
    Sangoulé Lamizana
    Major General Aboubakar Sangoulé Lamizana was the second president of Upper Volta , in power from January 3, 1966 to November 25, 1980...
    
    , President of Upper Volta (1966–1980)
•  Zambia
  • President - Kenneth Kaunda
    Kenneth Kaunda
    Kenneth David Kaunda, known as KK, served as the first President of Zambia, from 1964 to 1991.-Early life:Kaunda was the youngest of eight children. He was born at Lubwa Mission in Chinsali, Northern Province of Northern Rhodesia, now Zambia...
    
    , President of Zambia (1964–1991)

Asia

• • Monarch - Mohammed Zahir Shah
    Mohammed Zahir Shah
    Mohammed Zahir Shah was the last King of Afghanistan, reigning for four decades, from 1933 until he was ousted by a coup in 1973...
    
    , King of Afghanistan (1933–1973)
  • Prime Minister - Mohammad Nur Ahmad Etemadi
    Mohammad Nur Ahmad Etemadi
    Mohammad Nur Ahmad Etemadi was an Afghan diplomat and politician.Etemadi was born in Kandahar, Afghanistan. He served as ambassador to Pakistan for the first time from 1964 to 1965. He was appointed foreign minister in 1965 and became Prime Minister of Afghanistan on November 1, 1967...
    
    , Prime Minister of Afghanistan
    Prime Minister of Afghanistan
    The Prime Minister of Afghanistan is a currently defunct post in the Afghan Government.The position was created in 1927, and was appointed by the king, mostly as an advisor, until the end of the monarchy in 1973...
    
     (1967–1971)
•  Bhutan
  • Monarch - Jigme Dorji Wangchuck
    Jigme Dorji Wangchuck
    Jigme Dorji Wangchuck was the Third Druk Gyalpo of Bhutan.He began to open Bhutan to the outside world, began modernization, and took the first steps toward democratization...
    
    , King of Bhutan (1952–1972)
•  Myanmar
  • President - Ne Win
    Ne Win
    Ne Win was Burmese a politician and military commander. He was Prime Minister of Burma from 1958 to 1960 and 1962 to 1974 and also head of state from 1962 to 1981...
    
    , President of Burma
    President of Burma
    The President of Burma is the head of state and head of government of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar, and leads the executive branch of the Burmese government, and heads the Cabinet of Burma. The president is elected by members of parliament, not by the general population. The Presidential...
    
     (1962–1981)
  • Prime Minister - Ne Win
    Ne Win
    Ne Win was Burmese a politician and military commander. He was Prime Minister of Burma from 1958 to 1960 and 1962 to 1974 and also head of state from 1962 to 1981...
    
    , Prime Minister of Burma (1962–1974)
• Cambodia
  • see under Khmer Republic Ceylon
    Dominion of Ceylon
    The Dominion of Ceylon, known today as Sri Lanka, was a dominion, in the British Empire between 1948 and 1972. In 1948, British Ceylon was granted independence as the Dominion of Ceylon. In 1972, the Dominion of Ceylon became a republic within the Commonwealth, and its name was changed to Sri Lanka...
    
    
  • Monarch - Elizabeth II
    Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom
    Elizabeth II is the constitutional monarch of 16 sovereign states known as the Commonwealth realms: the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Jamaica, Barbados, the Bahamas, Grenada, Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, Tuvalu, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Belize,...
    
    , Queen of Ceylon
    Commonwealth Realm
    A Commonwealth realm is a sovereign state within the Commonwealth of Nations that has Elizabeth II as its monarch and head of state. The sixteen current realms have a combined land area of 18.8 million km² , and a population of 134 million, of which all, except about two million, live in the six...
    
     (1952–1972)
  • Governor-General - William Gopallawa
    William Gopallawa
    William Gopallawa , MBE was the last Governor General of Ceylon from 1962 to 1972 and became the first President of Sri Lanka when Ceylon declared itself a republic in 1972 and changed its name to Sri Lanka...
    
    , Governor-General of Ceylon
    Governor-General of Ceylon
    The Governor-General of Ceylon was the representative of the Ceylonese monarch, and head of state, who held the title of Queen of Ceylon from 1948 when the country became independent as a Dominion until the country became the republic of Sri Lanka in 1972.-Role:The monarch, on the advice of the...
    
     (1962–1978)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Dudley Senanayake
       Dudley Senanayake
       Dudley Shelton Senanayake was a Ceylonese politician, who became the second Prime Minister of Ceylon and went on to become prime minister on 2 more times during the 1950s and 1960s.-Early life:Dudley was born on 19 June, 1911 as the eldest son to Molly Dunuwila and Don Stephen Senanayake, who...
       
       , Prime Minister of Ceylon (1965–1970)
    2. Sirimavo Bandaranaike
       Sirimavo Bandaranaike
       Sirimavo Ratwatte Dias Bandaranaike was a Sri Lankan politician and the world's first female head of government...
       
       , Prime Minister of Ceylon (1970–1977)
• '
  • Communist Party Leader - Mao Zedong
    Mao Zedong
    Mao Zedong, also transliterated as Mao Tse-tung , and commonly referred to as Chairman Mao , was a Chinese Communist revolutionary, guerrilla warfare strategist, Marxist political philosopher, and leader of the Chinese Revolution...
    
    , Chairman of the Communist Party of China
    Chairman of the Communist Party of China
    The Chairman of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China was the head of the Communist Party of China . In 1982, it was succeeded by the General Secretary of the Central Committee.-History and functions:...
    
     (1935–1976)
  • De facto Co-Heads of State -
    • Soong Ching-ling
      Soong Ching-ling
      Soong Ching-ling , also known as Madame Sun Yat-sen, was one of the three Soong sisters—who, along with their husbands, were amongst China's most significant political figures of the early 20th century. She was the Vice Chairman of the People's Republic of China...
      
      , Acting Chairman of the People's Republic of China (1968–1972)
    • Dong Biwu
      Dong Biwu
      Dong Biwu was a Chinese communist political leader during the regime of Mao Zedong.-Biography:Dong Biwu was born in Huanggang, Hubei. He was the President of China from 1948 to 1949 and Acting President from 1968 until 17 January 1975 when Zhu De became the succeeding Chairman of the Standing...
      
      , Acting Chairman of the People's Republic of China (1968–1975)
  • Premier - Zhou Enlai
    Zhou Enlai
    Zhou Enlai was the first Premier of the People's Republic of China, serving from October 1949 until his death in January 1976...
    
    , Premier of the People's Republic of China
    Premier of the People's Republic of China
    The Premier of the State Council of the People's Republic of China , sometimes also referred to as the "Prime Minister" informally, is the Leader of the State Council of the People's Republic of China , who is the head of government and holds the highest-ranking of the Civil service of the...
    
     (1949–1976)
•  India
  • President - V. V. Giri
    V. V. Giri
    Varahagiri Venkata Giri , commonly known as V. V. Giri, was the fourth President of the Republic of India from 24 August 1969 to 23 August 1974.-Early life:...
    
    , President of India
    President of India
    The President of India is the head of state and first citizen of India, as well as the Supreme Commander of the Indian Armed Forces. President of India is also the formal head of all the three branches of Indian Democracy - Legislature, Executive and Judiciary...
    
     (1969–1974)
  • Prime Minister - Indira Gandhi
    Indira Gandhi
    Indira Priyadarshini Gandhara was an Indian politician who served as the third Prime Minister of India for three consecutive terms and a fourth term . She was assassinated by Sikh extremists...
    
    , Prime Minister of India
    Prime Minister of India
    The Prime Minister of India , as addressed to in the Constitution of India — Prime Minister for the Union, is the chief of government, head of the Council of Ministers and the leader of the majority party in parliament...
    
     (1966–1977)
•  Indonesia
  • President - Suharto, President of Indonesia (1967–1998) Iran
    Pahlavi dynasty
    The Pahlavi dynasty consisted of two Iranian/Persian monarchs, father and son Reza Shah Pahlavi and Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi The Pahlavi dynasty consisted of two Iranian/Persian monarchs, father and son Reza Shah Pahlavi (reg. 1925–1941) and Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi The Pahlavi dynasty ...
    
    
  • Monarch - Mohammad Reza Pahlavi
    Mohammad Reza Pahlavi
    Mohammad Rezā Shāh Pahlavi, Shah of Iran, Shah of Persia , ruled Iran from 16 September 1941 until his overthrow by the Iranian Revolution on 11 February 1979...
    
    , Shah of Iran
    Pahlavi dynasty
    The Pahlavi dynasty consisted of two Iranian/Persian monarchs, father and son Reza Shah Pahlavi and Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi The Pahlavi dynasty consisted of two Iranian/Persian monarchs, father and son Reza Shah Pahlavi (reg. 1925–1941) and Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi The Pahlavi dynasty ...
    
     (1941–1979)
  • Prime Minister - Amir-Abbas Hoveida, Prime Minister of Iran (1965–1977) Iraq
    Ba'athist Iraq
    The History of Iraq , referred to as Ba'athist Iraq, covers the period of the Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party's rule over Iraq. Ba'athist rule in Iraq first occurred briefly in 1963 under Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr until overthrown that same year. Ba'athism was restored to power five years later after...
    
    
  • President - Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr
    Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr
    General Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr , was the fourth President of Iraq from 1968 to 1979.-Military career:...
    
    , President of Iraq (1968–1979)
  • Prime Minister - Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr
    Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr
    General Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr , was the fourth President of Iraq from 1968 to 1979.-Military career:...
    
    , Prime Minister of Iraq (1968–1979)
•  Israel
  • President - Zalman Shazar
    Zalman Shazar
    Zalman Shazar was an Israeli politician, author. and poet. Shazar served as the third President of Israel from 1963 to 1973.-Biography:...
    
    , President of Israel
    President of Israel
    The President of the State of Israel is the head of state of Israel. The position is largely an apolitical ceremonial figurehead role, with the real executive power lying in the hands of the Prime Minister. The current president is Shimon Peres who took office on 15 July 2007...
    
     (1963–1973)
  • Prime Minister - Golda Meir
    Golda Meir
    Golda Meir ; May 3, 1898 – December 8, 1978) was a teacher, kibbutznik and politician who became the fourth Prime Minister of the State of Israel....
    
    , Prime Minister of Israel
    Prime Minister of Israel
    The Prime Minister of Israel is the head of the Israeli government and the most powerful political figure in Israel . The prime minister is the country's chief executive. The official residence of the prime minister, Beit Rosh Hamemshala is in Jerusalem...
    
     (1969–1974)
•  Japan
  • Monarch - Hirohito
    Hirohito
    , posthumously in Japan officially called Emperor Shōwa or , was the 124th Emperor of Japan according to the traditional order, reigning from December 25, 1926, until his death in 1989. Although better known outside of Japan by his personal name Hirohito, in Japan he is now referred to...
    
    , Emperor of Japan
    Emperor of Japan
    The Emperor of Japan is, according to the 1947 Constitution of Japan, "the symbol of the state and of the unity of the people." He is a ceremonial figurehead under a form of constitutional monarchy and is head of the Japanese Imperial Family with functions as head of state. He is also the highest...
    
     (1926–1989)
  • Prime Minister - Eisaku Satō
    Eisaku Sato
    This article is about the Prime Minister of Japan. For the governor of Fukushima Prefecture of Japan of the same name, see Eisaku Satō ....
    
    , Prime Minister of Japan
    Prime Minister of Japan
    The is the head of government of Japan. He is appointed by the Emperor of Japan after being designated by the Diet from among its members, and must enjoy the confidence of the House of Representatives to remain in office...
    
     (1964–1972)
•  Jordan
  • Monarch - Hussein
    Hussein of Jordan
    Hussein bin Talal was the third King of Jordan from the abdication of his father, King Talal, in 1952, until his death. Hussein's rule extended through the Cold War and four decades of Arab-Israeli conflict...
    
    , King of Jordan (1952–1999)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Bahjat Talhouni
       Bahjat Talhouni
       Bahjat Talhouni was a Jordanian political figure. He served as the Prime Minister of Jordan between 1960 and 1962, 1964 and 1965, 1967 and 1969, and finally from 1969 until 1970....
       
       , Prime Minister of Jordan (1969–1970)
    2. Abdelmunim al-Rifai
       Abdelmunim al-Rifai
       Abdul-Monem Rifai (ʻAbd al-Munʻim Rifāʻī) was a Jordanian diplomat and political figure of Palestinian descent. He was born in Lebanon. Rifai was Jordan's first Ambassador/Permanent Representative to the United Nations Headquarters in New York in 1956...
       
       , Prime Minister of Jordan (1970)
    3. Muhammad Daoud, Prime Minister of Jordan (1970)
    4. Ahmad Toukan
       Ahmad Toukan
       Ahmad Toukan was a Palestinian political leader who was Prime Minister of Jordan from 26 September 1970 to 28 October 1970.- Overview :Toukan was born on 15 August 1903 in Nablus, Palestine....
       
       , Prime Minister of Jordan (1970)
    5. Wasfi al-Tal
       Wasfi al-Tal
       Wasfi al-Tal was Prime Minister of Jordan for three separate terms. He was assassinated by the Black September unit of the Palestine Liberation Organization in 1971....
       
       , Prime Minister of Jordan (1970–1971)   Khmer Republic
       Khmer Republic
       The Khmer Republic or République Khmère, was the republican government of Cambodia that was formally declared on October 9, 1970. The Khmer Republic was disestablished in 1975 and was followed by the totalitarian communist state known as Democratic Kampuchea.-Background:Formally declared on October...
       
       
  • Cambodia changed name to Khmer Republic
    Khmer Republic
    The Khmer Republic or République Khmère, was the republican government of Cambodia that was formally declared on October 9, 1970. The Khmer Republic was disestablished in 1975 and was followed by the totalitarian communist state known as Democratic Kampuchea.-Background:Formally declared on October...
    
     on 9 October 1970
  • Head of State -
    1. Prince Norodom Sihanouk
       Norodom Sihanouk
       Norodom Sihanouk regular script was the King of Cambodia from 1941 to 1955 and again from 1993 until his semi-retirement and voluntary abdication on 7 October 2004 in favor of his son, the current King Norodom Sihamoni...
       
       , Head of State of Cambodia (1960–1970)
    2. Cheng Heng
       Cheng Heng
       Cheng Heng was a Cambodian politician, who acted as the country's Head of State from 1970–1971, and was a relatively prominent political figure during the Khmer Republic period ....
       
       , Head of State of the Khmer Republic (1970–1972)
  • Prime Minister - Lon Nol
    Lon Nol
    Lon Nol was a Cambodian politician and general who served as Prime Minister of Cambodia twice, as well as serving repeatedly as Defense Minister...
    
    , Prime Minister of the Khmer Republic
    Prime Minister of Cambodia
    The Prime Minister of Cambodia , is the head of government of the Kingdom of Cambodia. Prime Minister is appointed by the King under Article 119 of the Constitution and is responsible for leading the government of the Kingdom.-Constitutional powers:The powers of the Prime Minister are established...
    
     (1969–1972)
• '
  • Communist Party Leader - Kim Il-sung
    Kim Il-sung
    Kim Il-sung was a Korean communist politician who led the Democratic People's Republic of Korea from its founding in 1948 until his death in 1994. He held the posts of Prime Minister from 1948 to 1972 and President from 1972 to his death...
    
    , General Secretary of the Korean Workers' Party
    Workers' Party of Korea
    The Workers' Party of Korea is the ruling Communist party of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea , commonly known as North Korea. It is also called the Korean Workers' Party...
    
     (1948–1994)
  • Head of State - Choi Yong-kun
    Choi Yong-kun
    Choi Yong-kun was the Korean People's Army chief commander from 1948 to 1953 North Korean defence minister from 1953 to 1957, and the President of the Presidium of the Supreme People's Assembly of North Korea from 1957 to 1972. Choi Yong-kun was born in T'aech'ŏn County in North Pyongan,...
    
    , Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme People's Assembly of North Korea
    President of North Korea
    The President of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea was established in the Constitution of North Korea, 1972. Until then, Kim Il-sung, the ruler of North Korea, used the posts Premier and General Secretary of the Workers' Party of Korea...
    
     (1957–1972)
  • Premier - Kim Il-sung
    Kim Il-sung
    Kim Il-sung was a Korean communist politician who led the Democratic People's Republic of Korea from its founding in 1948 until his death in 1994. He held the posts of Prime Minister from 1948 to 1972 and President from 1972 to his death...
    
    , Premier of North Korea (1948–1972)
• '
  • President - Park Chung-hee
    Park Chung-hee
    Park Chung-hee was a Republic of Korea Army general and the leader of South Korea from 1961 to 1979. He seized power in a military coup and ruled until his assassination in 1979. He has been credited with the industrialization of the Republic of Korea through export-led growth...
    
    , President of South Korea
    President of South Korea
    The President of the Republic of Korea is, according to the Constitution of the Republic of Korea, chief executive of the government, commander-in-chief of the armed forces, and the head of state of the Republic of Korea...
    
     (1962–1979)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Chung Il-kwon, Prime Minister of South Korea
       Prime Minister of South Korea
       The Prime Minister of the Republic of Korea is appointed by the President with the National Assembly's approval. Unlike prime ministers in the parliamentary system, the Prime Minister of South Korea is not required to be a member of parliament....
       
        (1964–1970)
    2. Baek Du-jin
       Baek Du-jin
       Baek Du-jin was a South Korean politician. He was an acting prime minister before he became the fourth, and later the tenth, prime minister of South Korea.-References:...
       
       , Prime Minister of South Korea
       Prime Minister of South Korea
       The Prime Minister of the Republic of Korea is appointed by the President with the National Assembly's approval. Unlike prime ministers in the parliamentary system, the Prime Minister of South Korea is not required to be a member of parliament....
       
        (1970–1971)
•  Kuwait
  • Monarch - Sheikh Sabah Al-Salim Al-Sabah
    Sabah III Al-Salim Al-Sabah
    Sabah III Al-Salim Al-Sabah, KCMG Emir of Kuwait from 1965 to 1977, and youngest son of Salim Al-Mubarak Al-Sabah. Sabah III Al-Salim Al-Sabah succeeded his half-brother Abdullah III Al-Salim Al-Sabah upon his death on November 24, 1965. He was the 12th ruler of the Al-Sabah dynasty of Kuwait,...
    
    , Emir of Kuwait (1965–1977)
  • Prime Minister - Sheikh Jaber Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah
    Jaber Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah
    Jaber III al-Ahmad al-Jaber al-Sabah, GCB , GCMG of the al-Sabah dynasty, was the Emir and thirteenth Sheikh of Kuwait, serving from December 31, 1977 until his death on January 15, 2006...
    
    , Prime Minister of Kuwait (1965–1978) Laos
    Kingdom of Laos
    The Kingdom of Laos was a sovereign state from 1953 until December 1975, when Pathet Lao overthrew the government and created the Lao People's Democratic Republic. Given self-rule in 1949 as part of a federation with the rest of French Indochina, the 1953 Franco-Lao Treaty finally established a...
    
    
  • Monarch - Savang Vatthana
    Savang Vatthana
    Savang or Sisavang Vatthana was the last king of the Kingdom of Laos. He ruled from 1959 after his father's death, until his forced abdication in 1975...
    
    , King of Laos (1959–1975)
  • Prime Minister - Prince Souvanna Phouma
    Souvanna Phouma
    Prince Souvanna Phouma was the leader of the neutralist faction and prime minister of the Kingdom of Laos several times, from 1951–1952, 1956–1958, 1960 and 1962-1975.-Early life:...
    
    , Prime Minister of Laos
    Prime Minister of Laos
    The Prime Minister of Laos is the head of government of the People's Democratic Republic of Laos.-Prime Ministers:-Trivia:Between December 1959 to December 1960, Laos had 6 different Prime Ministers, after being ousted by 6 different political coups....
    
     (1962–1975)
•  Lebanon
  • President -
    1. Charles Helou
       Charles Helou
       Charles Helou was President of Lebanon from 1964 to 1970.Born in Beirut, Helou was the scion of a powerful Maronite family from Baabda. He graduated with honours from St. Joseph's University in Beirut in 1929, and went on to complete a Law degree in 1934...
       
       , President of Lebanon (1964–1970)
    2. Suleiman Frangieh
       Suleiman Frangieh
       Suleiman Kabalan Frangieh, last name also spelled Frangié, Franjieh, or Franjiyeh , was President of Lebanon from 1970 to 1976...
       
       , President of Lebanon (1970–1976)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Rashid Karami
       Rashid Karami
       Rashid Abdul Hamid Karami was a Lebanese statesman. He was one of the most important political figures in Lebanon for more than 30 years, including during much of Lebanese Civil War , and he served as Prime Minister eight times.- Background :Rashid Karami was born in Tripoli, into one of...
       
       , Prime Minister of Lebanon (1969–1970)
    2. Saeb Salam
       Saeb Salam
       Saeb Salam was a Lebanese politician, who served as Prime Minister four times between 1952 and 1973.Salam was the son of Salim Salam, the scion of a prominent Sunni Muslim family who was a prominent politician both under Ottoman rule and then during the French Mandate...
       
       , Prime Minister of Lebanon (1970–1973)
•  Malaysia
  • Monarch -
    1. Sultan Ismail Nasiruddin Shah, Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia
       Yang di-Pertuan Agong
       The Yang di-Pertuan Agong is the head of state of Malaysia. The office was established in 1957 when the Federation of Malaya gained independence....
       
        (1965–1970)
    2. Tuanku Abdul Halim, Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia
       Yang di-Pertuan Agong
       The Yang di-Pertuan Agong is the head of state of Malaysia. The office was established in 1957 when the Federation of Malaya gained independence....
       
        (1970–1975)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Tunku Abdul Rahman
       Tunku Abdul Rahman
       Tunku Abdul Rahman Putra Al-Haj ibni Almarhum Sultan Abdul Hamid Halim Shah, AC, CH was Chief Minister of the Federation of Malaya from 1955, and the country's first Prime Minister from independence in 1957. He remained as the Prime Minister after Sabah, Sarawak, and Singapore joined the...
       
       , Prime Minister of Malaysia
       Prime Minister of Malaysia
       The Prime Minister of Malaysia is the indirectly elected head of government of Malaysia. He is officially appointed by the Yang di-Pertuan Agong, the head of state, who in HM's judgment is likely to command the confidence of the majority of the members of that House of Representatives , the...
       
        (1955–1970)
    2. Tun Abdul Razak, Prime Minister of Malaysia
       Prime Minister of Malaysia
       The Prime Minister of Malaysia is the indirectly elected head of government of Malaysia. He is officially appointed by the Yang di-Pertuan Agong, the head of state, who in HM's judgment is likely to command the confidence of the majority of the members of that House of Representatives , the...
       
        (1970–1976)
•  Maldives
  • President - Ibrahim Nasir
    Ibrahim Nasir
    Ibrahim Nasir Rannabandeyri Kilegefan , KCMG, NGIV was a Maldivian politician who served as Prime Minister of the Maldives under Sultan Muhammad Fareed Didi from 1957 to 1968 and succeeded him to become the first President of the Second Republic from...
    
    , President of the Maldives
    President of the Maldives
    The President of the Maldives is the Head of State and Head of Government and first citizen of the Republic of Maldives and the Supreme Commander of the Maldivian armed forces.The current President of the Republic of Maldives is Mohamed Nasheed....
    
     (1968–1978) Mongolia
  • Communist Party Leader - Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal, General secretary of the Central Committee of the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party
    Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party
    The Mongolian People's Party formerly the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party is an ex-communist political party in Mongolia. The party is abbreviated MPP in English and ' in Mongolian...
    
     (1958–1984)
  • Head of State - Jamsrangiin Sambuu
    Jamsrangiin Sambuu
    Jamsrangiin Sambuu was the chairman of the presidium of the Mongolian People's Republic People's Great Khural from 1954 to 1972. He was effectively president of Mongolia....
    
    , Chairman of the Presidium of the People's Great Hural of Mongolia
    President of Mongolia
    The President of Mongolia is the head of state of Mongolia. The Constitution of Mongolia implements a parliamentary system, so while much of the President's role is ceremonial, he or she does wield significant political power.-Election:...
    
     (1954–1972)
  • Premier - Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Mongolia
    Prime Minister of Mongolia
    The Prime Minister of Mongolia is the highest member of the Mongolian government's executive arm, and heads the Mongolian cabinet. The Prime Minister is appointed by Parliament, and can be removed by a vote of no confidence.-Powers:...
    
     (1952–1974)
• Muscat and Oman
  Muscat and Oman
  Muscat and Oman was a country that encompassed the present day Sultanate of Oman and parts of the United Arab Emirates. The country is not to be confused with either the Trucial States or Trucial Oman, which were sheikhdoms under British protection since 1820....
  
  
  • see under Oman
    Oman
    Oman , officially called the Sultanate of Oman , is an Arab state in southwest Asia on the southeast coast of the Arabian Peninsula. It is bordered by the United Arab Emirates to the northwest, Saudi Arabia to the west, and Yemen to the southwest. The coast is formed by the Arabian Sea on the...
    
    Nepal
  • Monarch - Mahendra
    Mahendra of Nepal
    Possibly no heir for the time period of 1911 through 1920. Previous Crown Prince: Tribhuvan Bir Bikram Shah, from 1906 to 1911....
    
    , King of Nepal (1955–1972)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Kirti Nidhi Bista
       Kirti Nidhi Bista
       Kirdi Nidhi Bista is a Nepali politician. He served as prime minister of Nepal from 1969 to 1970, 1971 to 1973 and 1977 to 1979.After the coup d'etat of King Gyanendra in 2005, Kirti Nidhi Bista was appointed one of the vice-chairmen till the government collapsed in April 2006 after the people's...
       
       , Prime Minister of Nepal (1969–1970)
    2. Mahendra
       Mahendra of Nepal
       Possibly no heir for the time period of 1911 through 1920. Previous Crown Prince: Tribhuvan Bir Bikram Shah, from 1906 to 1911....
       
       , Prime Minister of Nepal (1970–1971)  Oman
  • name changed from Muscat and Oman
    Muscat and Oman
    Muscat and Oman was a country that encompassed the present day Sultanate of Oman and parts of the United Arab Emirates. The country is not to be confused with either the Trucial States or Trucial Oman, which were sheikhdoms under British protection since 1820....
    
     to Oman
    Oman
    Oman , officially called the Sultanate of Oman , is an Arab state in southwest Asia on the southeast coast of the Arabian Peninsula. It is bordered by the United Arab Emirates to the northwest, Saudi Arabia to the west, and Yemen to the southwest. The coast is formed by the Arabian Sea on the...
    
     on 9 August 1970
  • Monarch -
    1. Said Bin Taimur
       Said bin Taimur
       Said bin Taimur was the sultan of Muscat and Oman from 10 February 1932 until his overthrow on 23 July 1970. His second wife was Mazoon al-Mashani...
       
       , Sultan of Muscat and Oman
       Sultan of Oman
       -List of Imams :-Nabhan Dynasty :-Ya'ariba Dynasty :-Banu Ghafir Dynasty :-Ya'ariba Dynasty :-Al Said Dynasty :-See also:...
       
        (1932–1970)
    2. Qaboos bin Said al Said, Sultan of Oman
       Sultan of Oman
       -List of Imams :-Nabhan Dynasty :-Ya'ariba Dynasty :-Banu Ghafir Dynasty :-Ya'ariba Dynasty :-Al Said Dynasty :-See also:...
       
        (1970–present)
  • Prime Minister - Tariq bin Taimur Al-Said, Prime Minister of Oman (1970–1972)
•  Pakistan
  • President - Yahya Khan
    Yahya Khan
    General Agha Mohammad Yahya Khan Qizilbash, H.Pk, HJ, S.Pk, psc was the third President of Pakistan from 1969 to 1971, following the resignation of Ayub Khan...
    
    , President of Pakistan
    President of Pakistan
    The President of Pakistan is the head of state, as well as figurehead, of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan. Recently passed an XVIII Amendment , Pakistan has a parliamentary democratic system of government. According to the Constitution, the President is chosen by the Electoral College to serve a...
    
     (1969–1971)
•  Philippines
  • President - Ferdinand Marcos
    Ferdinand Marcos
    Ferdinand Emmanuel Edralin Marcos, Sr. was a Filipino leader and an authoritarian President of the Philippines from 1965 to 1986. He was a lawyer, member of the Philippine House of Representatives and a member of the Philippine Senate...
    
    , President of the Philippines (1965–1986)
•  Saudi Arabia
  • Monarch - Faisal
    Faisal of Saudi Arabia
    Faisal bin Abdul-Aziz Al Saud was King of Saudi Arabia from 1964 to 1975. As king, he is credited with rescuing the country's finances and implementing a policy of modernization and reform, while his main foreign policy themes were pan-Islamic Nationalism, anti-Communism, and pro-Palestinian...
    
    , King of Saudi Arabia (1964–1975)
  • Prime Minister - Faisal
    Faisal of Saudi Arabia
    Faisal bin Abdul-Aziz Al Saud was King of Saudi Arabia from 1964 to 1975. As king, he is credited with rescuing the country's finances and implementing a policy of modernization and reform, while his main foreign policy themes were pan-Islamic Nationalism, anti-Communism, and pro-Palestinian...
    
    , Prime Minister of Saudi Arabia
    Prime Minister of Saudi Arabia
    The Prime Minister of Saudi Arabia is formally the Head of government under the Malik , the rather absolute Head of State of the kingdom of Saudi Arabia.-History:...
    
     (1962–1975)
•  Singapore
  • President - Yusof bin Ishak
    Yusof bin Ishak
    Yusof bin Ishak was an eminent Singaporean politician and the first President of Singapore of Minangkabau descent. His portrait appears on the Singapore Portrait Series currency notes introduced in 1999.-Early life:...
    
    , President of Singapore
    President of Singapore
    The President of the Republic of Singapore is Singapore's head of state. In a Westminster parliamentary system, as which Singapore governs itself, the prime minister is the head of the government while the position of president is largely ceremonial. Before 1993, the President of Singapore was...
    
     (1959–1971)
  • Prime Minister - Lee Kuan Yew
    Lee Kuan Yew
    Lee Kuan Yew, GCMG, CH is a Singaporean statesman. He was the first Prime Minister of the Republic of Singapore, governing for three decades...
    
    , Prime Minister of Singapore
    Prime Minister of Singapore
    The Prime Minister of the Republic of Singapore is the head of the government of the Republic of Singapore. The President of Singapore appoints as Prime Minister a Member of Parliament who, in his opinion, is most likely to command the confidence of a majority of MPs.The office of Prime Minister...
    
     (1959–1990)
•  Syria
  • Head of State -
    1. Nureddin al-Atassi
       Nureddin al-Atassi
       Noureddin Mohammed Ali al-Atassi was President of Syria from February 1966 to November 1970...
       
       , Head of State of Syria (1966–1970)
    2. Ahmad al-Khatib
       Ahmad al-Khatib
       Ahmad Hasan al-Khatib was a Syrian politician. He was a ceremonial head of state of Syria appointed by Hafez al-Assad to replace the ousted president Nureddin al-Atassi. al-Khatib was a civilian member of the ruling Baath party and served as president for only four months. His position was...
       
       , Head of State of Syria (1970–1971)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Nureddin al-Atassi
       Nureddin al-Atassi
       Noureddin Mohammed Ali al-Atassi was President of Syria from February 1966 to November 1970...
       
       , Prime Minister of Syria (1968–1970)
    2. Hafez al-Assad
       Hafez al-Assad
       Hafez ibn 'Ali ibn Sulayman al-Assad or more commonly Hafez al-Assad was the President of Syria for three decades. Assad's rule consolidated the power of the central government after decades of coups and counter-coups, such as Operation Wappen in 1957 conducted by the Eisenhower administration and...
       
       , Prime Minister of Syria (1970–1971)
• '
  • President - Chiang Kai-Shek
    Chiang Kai-shek
    Chiang Kai-shek was a political and military leader of 20th century China. He is known as Jiǎng Jièshí or Jiǎng Zhōngzhèng in Mandarin....
    
    , President of the Republic of China
    President of the Republic of China
    The President of the Republic of China is the head of state and commander-in-chief of the Republic of China . The Republic of China was founded on January 1, 1912, to govern all of China...
    
     (1950–1975)
  • Premier - Yen Chia-kan
    Yen Chia-kan
    Yen Chia-kan , or Yen Chia-jin , better known as C. K. Yen, succeeded Chiang Kai-shek as President of the Republic of China upon Chiang's death on April 5, 1975. He served out the remainder of Chiang's term until May 20, 1978.-Biography:C. K...
    
    , President of the Executive Yuan of the Republic of China
    Premier of the Republic of China
    The President of the Executive Yuan , commonly known as the Premier of the Republic of China , is the head of the Executive Yuan, the executive branch of the Republic of China , which currently administers Taiwan, Matsu, and Kinmen. The premier is appointed by the President of the Republic of China...
    
     (1963–1972)
•  Thailand -
  • Monarch - Bhumibol Adulyadej
    Bhumibol Adulyadej
    Bhumibol Adulyadej is the current King of Thailand. He is known as Rama IX...
    
    , King of Thailand (1946–present)
  • Prime Minister - Thanom Kittikachorn
    Thanom Kittikachorn
    Field Marshal Thanom Kittikachorn was a military dictator of Thailand. A staunch anti-Communist, Thanom oversaw a decade of military rule in Thailand from 1963 to 1973, until public protests which exploded into violence forced him to step down...
    
    , Prime Minister of Thailand
    Prime Minister of Thailand
    The Prime Minister of Thailand is the head of government of Thailand. The Prime Minister is also the chairman of the Cabinet of Thailand. The post has existed since the Revolution of 1932, when the country became a constitutional monarchy....
    
     (1963–1973)
•  Turkey
  • President - Cevdet Sunay
    Cevdet Sunay
    Cevdet Sunay was a Turkish army officer, political leader and the fifth President of Turkey.He was born in 1899 in Çaykara, Trabzon Province, in the Ottoman Empire. After attending elementary school and middle school in Erzurum and Edirne, he graduated from Kuleli Military High School in Istanbul...
    
    , President of Turkey (1966–1973)
  • Prime Minister - Süleyman Demirel
    Süleyman Demirel
    Sami Süleyman Gündoğdu Demirel, better known as Süleyman Demirel , is a Turkish politician who served as Prime Minister seven times and was the ninth President of Turkey.-Life:Demirel was born in İslamköy, a town in Isparta Province...
    
    , Prime Minister of Turkey
    Prime Minister of Turkey
    The Prime Minister of the Turkey is the head of government in Turkish politics. The prime minister is the leader of a political coalition in the Turkish parliament and the leader of the cabinet....
    
     (1965–1971)
• '
  • Communist Party Leader - Lê Duẩn, General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam
    General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam
    The General Secretary is the leader of the Communist Party of Vietnam. The activities of Politburo and Secretariat are directed by the General Secretary. The post holder also maintains the top position in the Party's Central Military Commission, which is considered the supreme military...
    
     (1960–1986)
  • President - Tôn Đức Thắng, President of North Vietnam
    President of Vietnam
    The President of Vietnam is the head of state of Vietnam, although the functions of the President are often ceremonial...
    
     (1969–1976)
  • Premier - Phạm Văn Đồng, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of North Vietnam
    Prime Minister of Vietnam
    -Office:The Prime Minister of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam is the head of the executive branch of the Vietnamese government. The Prime Minister presides over the Vietnamese cabinet, and is responsible for appointing and supervising ministers...
    
     (1955–1987)
• '
  • President - Nguyễn Văn Thiệu
    Nguyen Van Thieu
    Nguyễn Văn Thiệu was president of South Vietnam from 1965 to 1975. He was a general in the Army of the Republic of Vietnam , became head of a military junta, and then president after winning a fraudulent election...
    
    , President of South Vietnam
    Leaders of South Vietnam
    This is a list of leaders of South Vietnam, since the establishment of the Autonomous Republic of Cochinchina in 1946 until the fall of the Republic of Vietnam in 1975.-Autonomous Republic of Cochinchina :-Republic of South Vietnam :...
    
     (1965–1975)
  • Prime Minister - Trần Thiện Khiêm
    Tran Thien Khiem
    General Trần Thiện Khiêm was an officer in the Army of the Republic of Vietnam during the Vietnam War. During the 1960s he was involved in several coups. He helped President Ngo Dinh Diem put down a November 1960 coup attempt and was rewarded with promotion...
    
    , Prime Minister of South Vietnam (1969–1975)
• '
  • President - Abdul Rahman al-Iryani
    Abdul Rahman al-Iryani
    Abdul Rahman Yahya Al-Eryani was the President of the Yemen Arab Republic from November 5, 1967 to June 13, 1974. Al-Eryani was a leader of the al-Ahrar opposition group, during the time of the Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen...
    
    , President of North Yemen (1967–1974)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Abdullah Kurshumi
       Abdullah Kurshumi
       Abdullah Hussein al-Kurshumi was the Prime Minister of the Yemen Arab Republic from 2 September 1969 until 5 February 1970. He served under President Abdul Rahman al-Iryani....
       
       , Prime Minister of North Yemen (1969–1970)
    2. Mohsin Ahmad al-Aini
       Mohsin Ahmad al-Aini
       Mohsin Ahmad Alaini served as the Prime Minister of the Yemen Arab Republic five times between 1967 and 1975.Mohsin Alaini was the first Foreign Minister of the Yemen Arab Republic. He consequently served four terms as Prime Minister under President Abdul Rahman al-Iryani...
       
       , Prime Minister of North Yemen (1970–1971)
• '
  • Head of State - Salim Rubai Ali, Chairman of the Presidential Council of South Yemen (1969–1978)
  • Prime Minister - Muhammad Ali Haitham
    Muhammad Ali Haitham
    Muhammad Ali Haitham was a Prime Minister of the People's Democratic Republic of Yemen.Haitham was appointed Prime Minister of the People's Democratic Republic of Yemen in 1969. Salim Rubai Ali and the left wing of National Liberation Front took power in the country on June 22 of that year...
    
    , Prime Minister of South Yemen (1969–1971)

Europe

• • Communist Party Leader - Enver Hoxha
    Enver Hoxha
    Enver Halil Hoxha was a Marxist–Leninist revolutionary andthe leader of Albania from the end of World War II until his death in 1985, as the First Secretary of the Party of Labour of Albania...
    
    , First Secretary of the Albanian Party of Labor (1944–1985)
  • Head of State - Haxhi Lleshi
    Haxhi Lleshi
    Haxhi Lleshi was an Albanian military leader and communist politician.Lleshi was one of the top commanders in Albania's fight against the Italians and Germans during World War II and is still considered by some to be a hero in Albania for his actions during the war...
    
    , Chairman of the Presidium of the People's Assembly of Albania (1953–1982)
  • Premier - Mehmet Shehu
    Mehmet Shehu
    Mehmet Ismail Shehu was an Albanian communist politician who served as premier of Albania from 1954 to 1981...
    
    , Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Albania (1954–1981)
•  Andorra
  • Monarchs -
    • French Co-Prince - Georges Pompidou
      Georges Pompidou
      Georges Jean Raymond Pompidou was a French politician. He was Prime Minister of France from 1962 to 1968, holding the longest tenure in this position, and later President of the French Republic from 1969 until his death in 1974.-Biography:...
      
      , French Co-Prince of Andorra (1969–1974)
    • Episcopal Co-Prince - Ramon Malla Call
      Ramón Malla Call
      Ramon Malla i Call is Emeritus Bishop of Lleida. From 1969 until 1971 he was Apostolic Administrator of the Diocese of Urgell during a sede vacante and therefore acting Episcopal Co-Prince of Andorra....
      
      , Acting Episcopal Co-Prince of Andorra (1969–1971)
  • First Syndic - Francesc Escudé Ferrero, First Syndic of Andorra (1966–1972)
•  Austria
  • President - Franz Jonas
    Franz Jonas
    Franz Josef Jonas was an Austrian political figure. He served as the seventh President of Austria, between 1965 and 1974....
    
    , Federal President of Austria
    President of Austria
    The President of Austria is the federal head of state of Austria. Though theoretically entrusted with great power by the constitution, in practice the President acts, for the most part, merely as a ceremonial figurehead...
    
     (1965–1974)
  • Chancellor -
    1. Josef Klaus
       Josef Klaus
       Josef Klaus was an Austrian Christian/Conservative politician of the Peoples Party and the Federal Chancellor from 1964 to 1970. In 1934 graduated from law school. He married in 1936...
       
       , Federal Chancellor of Austria
       Chancellor of Austria
       The Federal Chancellor is the head of government in Austria. Its deputy is the Vice-Chancellor. Before 1918, the equivalent office was the Minister-President of Austria. The Federal Chancellor is considered to be the most powerful political position in Austrian politics.-Appointment:The...
       
        (1964–1970)
    2. Bruno Kreisky
       Bruno Kreisky
       Bruno Kreisky was an Austrian politician who served as Foreign Minister from 1959 to 1966 and as Chancellor from 1970 to 1983. Aged 72 at the end of his chancellorship, he was the oldest acting Chancellor after World War II....
       
       , Federal Chancellor of Austria
       Chancellor of Austria
       The Federal Chancellor is the head of government in Austria. Its deputy is the Vice-Chancellor. Before 1918, the equivalent office was the Minister-President of Austria. The Federal Chancellor is considered to be the most powerful political position in Austrian politics.-Appointment:The...
       
        (1970–1983)
•  Belgium
  • Monarch - Baudouin I, King of the Belgians (1951–1993)
  • Prime Minister - Gaston Eyskens
    Gaston Eyskens
    Gaston François Marie, Viscount Eyskens was a Belgian economist, Christian Democratic politician of the CVP-PSC, and statesman.He was a six-time Prime Minister of Belgium from 1949 to 1950, 1958 to 1961 and 1968 to 1973...
    
    , Prime Minister of Belgium (1968–1973) Bulgaria
  • Communist Party Leader - Todor Zhivkov
    Todor Zhivkov
    Todor Khristov Zhivkov was a communist politician and leader of the People's Republic of Bulgaria from March 4, 1954 until November 10, 1989....
    
    , General Secretary of the Bulgarian Communist Party
    Bulgarian Communist Party
    The Bulgarian Communist Party was the communist and Marxist-Leninist ruling party of the People's Republic of Bulgaria from 1946 until 1990 when the country ceased to be a communist state...
    
     (1954–1989)
  • Head of State - Georgi Traykov, Chairman of the Presidium of the National Assembly of Bulgaria (1964–1971)
  • Premier - Todor Zhivkov
    Todor Zhivkov
    Todor Khristov Zhivkov was a communist politician and leader of the People's Republic of Bulgaria from March 4, 1954 until November 10, 1989....
    
    , Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Bulgaria (1962–1971)
•  Cyprus
  • President - Makarios III
    Makarios III
    Makarios III , born Andreas Christodolou Mouskos , was the archbishop and primate of the autocephalous Cypriot Orthodox Church and the first President of the Republic of Cyprus ....
    
    , President of Cyprus (1960–1974) Czechoslovakia
    Czechoslovak Socialist Republic
    The Czechoslovak Socialist Republic was the official name of Czechoslovakia from 1960 until end of 1989 , a Soviet satellite state of the Eastern Bloc....
    
    
  • Communist Party Leader - Gustáv Husák
    Gustáv Husák
    Gustáv Husák was a Slovak politician, president of Czechoslovakia and a long-term Communist leader of Czechoslovakia and of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia...
    
    , First Secretary of the Communisty Party of Czechoslovakia
    Communist Party of Czechoslovakia
    The Communist Party of Czechoslovakia, in Czech and in Slovak: Komunistická strana Československa was a Communist and Marxist-Leninist political party in Czechoslovakia that existed between 1921 and 1992....
    
     (1969–1987)
  • President - Ludvík Svoboda
    Ludvík Svoboda
    thumb|Svoboda and [[I Corps |I Czechoslovak Army Corps]]Ludvík Svoboda was a Czechoslovak general and politician...
    
    , President of Czechoslovakia (1968–1975)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Oldřich Černík
       Oldrich Cerník
       Oldřich Černík was a Czechoslovakian Communist political figure. He was the Prime Minister of Czechoslovakia from April 8, 1968 to January 28, 1970....
       
       , Prime Minister of Czechoslovakia (1968–1970)
    2. Lubomír Štrougal
       Lubomír Štrougal
       Lubomír Štrougal is a former Czech politician and communist Czechoslovakia prime minister.After serving in Germany’s industry during the World War II he finished the law studies at the Charles University in Prague...
       
       , Prime Minister of Czechoslovakia (1970–1988) Denmark
       Kingdom of Denmark
       The Kingdom of Denmark or the Danish Realm , is a constitutional monarchy and sovereign state consisting of Denmark proper in northern Europe and two autonomous constituent countries, the Faroe Islands in the North Atlantic and Greenland in North America. Denmark is the hegemonial part, where the...
       
       
  • Monarch - Frederick IX
    Frederick IX of Denmark
    Frederick IX was King of Denmark from 20 April 1947 until his death on 14 January 1972....
    
    , King of Denmark (1947–1972)
  • Prime Minister - Hilmar Baunsgaard
    Hilmar Baunsgaard
    Hilmar Baunsgaard was a Danish politician. He was a member of Det Radikale Venstre, a social liberal party. He was the Prime Minister of Denmark from 15 February 1968, ending 15 years of government by the Social Democrats, until 9 October 1971, when the Social Democrats regained power...
    
    , Prime Minister of Denmark
    Prime Minister of Denmark
    The Prime Minister of Denmark is the head of government in Danish politics. The Prime Minister is traditionally the leader of a political coalition in the Folketing and presides over the cabinet....
    
     (1968–1971)
•  Finland
  • President - Urho Kekkonen
    Urho Kekkonen
    Urho Kaleva Kekkonen , was a Finnish politician who served as Prime Minister of Finland and later as the eighth President of Finland . Kekkonen continued the “active neutrality” policy of his predecessor President Juho Kusti Paasikivi, a doctrine which came to be known as the “Paasikivi–Kekkonen...
    
    , President of Finland
    President of Finland
    The President of the Republic of Finland is the nation's head of state. Under the Finnish constitution, executive power is vested in the President and the government, with the President possessing extensive powers. The President is elected directly by the people of Finland for a term of six years....
    
     (1956–1981)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Mauno Koivisto
       Mauno Koivisto
       Mauno Henrik Koivisto is a Finnish politician who served as the ninth President of Finland from 1982 to 1994. He also served as Prime Minister 1968–1970 and 1979–1982...
       
       , Prime Minister of Finland
       Prime Minister of Finland
       The Prime Minister is the Head of Government of Finland. The Prime Minister is appointed by the President, who is the Head of State. The current Prime Minister is Jyrki Katainen of the National Coalition Party.-Overview:...
       
        (1968–1970)
    2. Teuvo Aura
       Teuvo Aura
       Teuvo Ensio Aura was a Finnish politician from liberal party. He served as Mayor of Helsinki and interim Prime Minister of Finland twice, 1970 and 1971–72.-References:...
       
       , Prime Minister of Finland
       Prime Minister of Finland
       The Prime Minister is the Head of Government of Finland. The Prime Minister is appointed by the President, who is the Head of State. The current Prime Minister is Jyrki Katainen of the National Coalition Party.-Overview:...
       
        (1970)
    3. Ahti Karjalainen
       Ahti Karjalainen
       Ahti Kalle Samuli Karjalainen was a Finnish politician. He was a member of the Agrarian League and was Prime Minister of Finland for two terms...
       
       , Prime Minister of Finland
       Prime Minister of Finland
       The Prime Minister is the Head of Government of Finland. The Prime Minister is appointed by the President, who is the Head of State. The current Prime Minister is Jyrki Katainen of the National Coalition Party.-Overview:...
       
        (1970–1971)
•  Early Modern France
  • President - Georges Pompidou
    Georges Pompidou
    Georges Jean Raymond Pompidou was a French politician. He was Prime Minister of France from 1962 to 1968, holding the longest tenure in this position, and later President of the French Republic from 1969 until his death in 1974.-Biography:...
    
    , President of France (1969–1974)
  • Prime Minister - Jacques Chaban-Delmas
    Jacques Chaban-Delmas
    Jacques Chaban-Delmas was a French Gaullist politician. He served as Prime Minister under Georges Pompidou from 1969 to 1972. In addition, for almost half a century, he was Mayor of Bordeaux and a deputy for the Gironde département....
    
    , Prime Minister of France
    Prime Minister of France
    The Prime Minister of France in the Fifth Republic is the head of government and of the Council of Ministers of France. The head of state is the President of the French Republic...
    
     (1969–1973)
• '
  • Communist Party Leader - Walter Ulbricht
    Walter Ulbricht
    Walter Ulbricht was a German communist politician. As First Secretary of the Socialist Unity Party from 1950 to 1971 , he played a leading role in the creation of the Weimar-era Communist Party of Germany and later in the early development and...
    
    , First Secretary of the Socialist Unity Party of Germany (1950–1971)
  • Head of State - Walter Ulbricht
    Walter Ulbricht
    Walter Ulbricht was a German communist politician. As First Secretary of the Socialist Unity Party from 1950 to 1971 , he played a leading role in the creation of the Weimar-era Communist Party of Germany and later in the early development and...
    
    , Chairman of the Council of State of East Germany (1960–1973)
  • Premier - Willi Stoph
    Willi Stoph
    Willi Stoph was an East German politician. He served as Prime Minister of the German Democratic Republic from 1964 to 1973, and again from 1976 until 1989.-Biography:...
    
    , Chairman of the Council of Ministers of East Germany (1964–1973)
• '
  • President - Gustav Heinemann
    Gustav Heinemann
    Gustav Walter Heinemann, GCB was a German politician. He was Mayor of the city of Essen from 1946 to 1949, West German Minister of the Interior from 1949 to 1950, Minister of Justice from 1966 to 1969 and President of the Federal Republic of Germany from 1969 to 1974.-Early years and professional...
    
    , Federal President of West Germany
    President of Germany
    The President of the Federal Republic of Germany is the country's head of state. His official title in German is Bundespräsident . Germany has a parliamentary system of government and so the position of President is largely ceremonial...
    
     (1969–1974)
  • Chancellor - Willy Brandt
    Willy Brandt
    Willy Brandt, born Herbert Ernst Karl Frahm , was a German politician, Mayor of West Berlin 1957–1966, Chancellor of West Germany 1969–1974, and leader of the Social Democratic Party of Germany 1964–1987....
    
    , Federal Chancellor of West Germany (1969–1974)   Greece
    Kingdom of Greece
    The Kingdom of Greece was a state established in 1832 in the Convention of London by the Great Powers...
    
    
  • Monarch - Constantine II
    Constantine II of Greece
    |align=right|Constantine II was King of Greece from 1964 until the abolition of the monarchy in 1973, the sixth and last monarch of the Greek Royal Family....
    
    , King of the Hellenes (1964–1973)
  • Regent - Georgios Zoitakis
    Georgios Zoitakis
    Georgios Zoitakis was a Greek Army general and regent of Greece from 13 December 1967 to 21 March 1972, during the period of the military regime of the Colonels.- Life :...
    
    , Regent of Greece (1967–1972)
  • Prime Minister - Georgios Papadopoulos, Prime Minister of Greece
    Prime Minister of Greece
    The Prime Minister of Greece , officially the Prime Minister of the Hellenic Republic , is the head of government of the Hellenic Republic and the leader of the Greek cabinet. The current interim Prime Minister is Lucas Papademos, a former Vice President of the European Central Bank, following...
    
     (1967–1973) Hungary
    People's Republic of Hungary
    The People's Republic of Hungary or Hungarian People's Republic was the official state name of Hungary from 1949 to 1989 during its Communist period under the guidance of the Soviet Union. The state remained in existence until 1989 when opposition forces consolidated in forcing the regime to...
    
    
  • Communist Party Leader - János Kádár
    János Kádár
    János Kádár was a Hungarian communist leader and the General Secretary of the Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party, presiding over the country from 1956 until his forced retirement in 1988. His thirty-two year term as General Secretary makes Kádár the longest ruler of the People's Republic of Hungary...
    
    , First Secretary of the Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party
    Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party
    The Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party was the ruling Marxist–Leninist party of Hungary between 1956 and 1989. It was organised from elements of the Hungarian Working People's Party during the 1956 Hungarian Revolution...
    
     (1956–1988)
  • Head of State - Pál Losonczi
    Pál Losonczi
    Pál Losonczi was a Hungarian Communist political figure. He was Chairman of the Hungarian Presidential Council from 1967 to 1987....
    
    , Chairman of the Presidential Council of Hungary (1967–1987)
  • Premier - Jenő Fock
    Jeno Fock
    Jenő Fock was a Hungarian Communist politician who served as Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the People's Republic of Hungary from 1967 to 1975....
    
    , President of the Council of Ministers of Hungary (1967–1975)
•  Iceland
  • President - Kristján Eldjárn
    Kristján Eldjárn
    Dr. Kristján Eldjárn was the third President of Iceland, from 1968 to 1980.His parents were Þórarinn Kr. Eldjárn, a teacher in Tjörn, and Sigrún Sigurhjartardóttir. He graduated in archaeology from the University of Copenhagen and taught at the University of Iceland...
    
    , President of Iceland
    President of Iceland
    The President of Iceland is Iceland's elected head of state. The president is elected to a four-year term by universal adult suffrage and has limited powers. The president is not the head of government; the Prime Minister of Iceland is the head of government. There have been five presidents since...
    
     (1968–1980)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Bjarni Benediktsson
       Bjarni Benediktsson
       Bjarni Benediktsson was Prime Minister of Iceland from 14 November 1963 to 10 July 1970. His father, Benedikt Sveinsson , was a leader in the independence movement in Iceland and a member of Althingi from 1908 to 1931.Bjarni studied constitutional law and became professor at the University of...
       
       , Prime Minister of Iceland
       Prime Minister of Iceland
       The Prime Minister of Iceland is Iceland's head of government. The prime minister is appointed formally by the President and exercises executive authority along with the cabinet subject to parliamentary support....
       
        (1963–1970)
    2. Jóhann Hafstein
       Jóhann Hafstein
       Jóhann Hafstein was elected to Althingi for Reykjavik in 1946 which he represented until 1978. Jóhann was Prime Minister of Iceland from 10 July 1970 to 14 July 1971, for the Independence Party. Member of the Althing 1946–1978. Hafstein was Speaker of the Lower House of the Althing 1959–1961 and...
       
       , Prime Minister of Iceland
       Prime Minister of Iceland
       The Prime Minister of Iceland is Iceland's head of government. The prime minister is appointed formally by the President and exercises executive authority along with the cabinet subject to parliamentary support....
       
        (1970–1971)
•  Republic of Ireland
  • President - Éamon de Valera
    Éamon de Valera
    Éamon de Valera was one of the dominant political figures in twentieth century Ireland, serving as head of government of the Irish Free State and head of government and head of state of Ireland...
    
    , President of Ireland
    President of Ireland
    The President of Ireland is the head of state of Ireland. The President is usually directly elected by the people for seven years, and can be elected for a maximum of two terms. The presidency is largely a ceremonial office, but the President does exercise certain limited powers with absolute...
    
     (1959–1973)
  • Prime Minister - Jack Lynch
    Jack Lynch
    John Mary "Jack" Lynch was the Taoiseach of Ireland, serving two terms in office; from 1966 to 1973 and 1977 to 1979....
    
    , Taoiseach of Ireland
    Taoiseach
    The Taoiseach is the head of government or prime minister of Ireland. The Taoiseach is appointed by the President upon the nomination of Dáil Éireann, the lower house of the Oireachtas , and must, in order to remain in office, retain the support of a majority in the Dáil.The current Taoiseach is...
    
     (1966–1973)
•  Italy
  • President - Giuseppe Saragat
    Giuseppe Saragat
    Giuseppe Saragat was an Italian politician who was the fifth President of the Italian Republic from 1964 to 1971.Saragat was born in Turin, from Sardinian parents....
    
    , President of Italy (1964–1971)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Mariano Rumor
       Mariano Rumor
       Mariano Rumor was an Italian politician, a member of the Democrazia Cristiana and the 40th Prime Minister of Italy.He was born in Vicenza, Veneto...
       
       , President of the Council of Ministers of Italy
       Prime minister of Italy
       The Prime Minister of Italy is the head of government of the Italian Republic...
       
        (1968–1970)
    2. Emilio Colombo
       Emilio Colombo
       Emilio Colombo is an Italian politician who was Prime Minister of Italy from 1970 to 1972. In addition to having held top positions in Italian governments, he was also active in European politics.-Biography:...
       
       , President of the Council of Ministers of Italy
       Prime minister of Italy
       The Prime Minister of Italy is the head of government of the Italian Republic...
       
        (1970–1972)
•  Liechtenstein
  • Monarch - Franz Joseph II
    Franz Joseph II, Prince of Liechtenstein
    Franz Joseph II, Prince of Liechtenstein, , was the Sovereign Prince of Liechtenstein from 1938 until his death...
    
    , Prince of Liechtenstein (1938–1989)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Gerard Batliner
       Gerard Batliner
       Gerard Batliner was a former Head of Government of Liechtenstein and attorney-at-law...
       
       , Head of Government of Liechtenstein (1962–1970)
    2. Alfred Hilbe
       Alfred Hilbe
       Alfred J. Hilbe was the Prime Minister of Liechtenstein from 1970 to 1974. He was born in Schaan.-Notes:...
       
       , Head of Government of Liechtenstein (1970–1974)
•  Luxembourg
  • Monarch - Jean, Grand Duke of Luxembourg
    Grand Duke of Luxembourg
    The Grand Duke of Luxembourg is the sovereign monarch and head of state of Luxembourg. Luxembourg has been a grand duchy since 15 March 1815, when it was elevated from a duchy when placed in personal union with the United Kingdom of the Netherlands...
    
     (1964–2000)
  • Prime Minister - Pierre Werner, President of the Government of Luxembourg (1954–1974) Malta
    State of Malta
    The State of Malta, also known simply as Malta, was a predecessor to modern-day Malta and an independent state that existed between 21 September 1964 and 13 December 1974....
    
    
  • Monarch - Elizabeth II
    Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom
    Elizabeth II is the constitutional monarch of 16 sovereign states known as the Commonwealth realms: the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Jamaica, Barbados, the Bahamas, Grenada, Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, Tuvalu, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Belize,...
    
    , Queen of Malta
    Queen of Malta
    This title of Queen of Malta was held by Elizabeth II between September 21, 1964 and December 13, 1974, following Malta's independence from the United Kingdom....
    
     (1964–1974)
  • Governor-General - Sir Maurice Henry Dorman
    Maurice Henry Dorman
    Sir Maurice Henry Dorman, GCMG, GCVO was the representative of the British Monarchy in Tanzania, Trinidad and Tobago, Sierra Leone, and Malta. He studied at Cambridge University. He served in Sierra Leone from 1956 until 1962, for which he was knighted in 1957...
    
    , Governor-General of Malta
    Governor-General of Malta
    -Governors of Malta, 1813-1964:*Lieut.-General Sir Thomas Maitland *General Francis Rawdon-Hastings, 1st Marquess of Hastings *Major-General Sir Frederick Cavendish Ponsonby *Lieut.-General Sir Patrick Stuart *Right Honourable Richard More O'Ferrall -Governors of Malta, 1813-1964:*Lieut.-General...
    
     (1962–1971)
  • Prime Minister - Giorgio Borg Olivier
    Giorgio Borg Olivier
    Giorgio Borg Olivier was twice Prime Minister of Malta as the Leader of the Nationalist Party. He was also Leader of the Opposition between 1955 and 1958 and again between 1971 and 1977. He resigned from Leader of the Nationalist Party in 1977 and was succeeded by Eddie Fenech Adami...
    
    , Prime Minister of Malta
    Prime Minister of Malta
    The Prime Minister of Malta is the Head of Government of Malta.-Establishment of the office and developments:The office of "Head of Ministry" was created as soon as Malta was granted autonomous government in 1921. The 1921 constitution was suspended twice before being revoked...
    
     (1962–1971)
•  Monaco
  • Monarch - Rainier III
    Rainier III, Prince of Monaco
    Rainier III, Prince of Monaco , styled His Serene Highness The Sovereign Prince of Monaco, ruled the Principality of Monaco for almost 56 years, making him one of the longest ruling monarchs of the 20th century.Though he was best known outside of Europe for having married American...
    
    , Prince of Monaco
    Prince of Monaco
    The Reigning Prince or Princess of Monaco is the sovereign monarch and head of state of the Principality of Monaco. All Princes or Princesses thus far have taken the name of the House of Grimaldi, but have belonged to various other houses in male line...
    
     (1949–2005)
  • Head of Government - François-Didier Gregh
    François-Didier Gregh
    François-Didier Gregh was a Minister of State for Monaco. He was in office from 1969-1972. He was born in 1906. -References:...
    
    , Minister of State of Monaco (1969–1972)
•  Kingdom of the Netherlands
  • Monarch - Juliana
    Juliana of the Netherlands
    Juliana was the Queen regnant of the Kingdom of the Netherlands between 1948 and 1980. She was the only child of Queen Wilhelmina and Prince Henry...
    
    , Queen of the Netherlands
    Monarchy of the Netherlands
    The Netherlands has been an independent monarchy since 16 March 1815, and has been governed by members of the House of Orange-Nassau since.-Constitutional role and position of the monarch:...
    
     (1948–1980)
  •  Netherlands (constituent country)
    • Prime Minister - Piet de Jong
      Piet de Jong
      Petrus Josef Sietse "Piet" de Jong is a retired Dutch politician of the defunct Catholic People's Party now merged into the Christian Democratic Appeal . He served as Prime Minister of the Netherlands from April 5, 1967 until July 6, 1971....
      
      , Prime Minister of the Netherlands
      Prime Minister of the Netherlands
      The Prime Minister of the Netherlands is the chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Netherlands. He is the de facto head of government of the Netherlands and coordinates the policy of the government...
      
       (1967–1971)
  •  Netherlands Antilles (constituent country)
    • Governor -
      1. Cola Debrot
         Cola Debrot
         Cola Debrot was a writer, lawyer, medical doctor and politician. He was the son of a plantation owner. In 1904 he moved from Bonaire to Curaçao, and then when he was 14 he moved to the Netherlands to gain an education...
         
         , Governor of the Netherlands Antilles
         Governor of the Netherlands Antilles
         The Governor of the Netherlands Antilles was the representative of the Government of the Kingdom of the Netherlands in the Netherlands Antilles and the head of the National Government of the Netherlands Antilles....
         
          (1962–1970)
      2. Bernadito M. Leito, Governor of the Netherlands Antilles
         Governor of the Netherlands Antilles
         The Governor of the Netherlands Antilles was the representative of the Government of the Kingdom of the Netherlands in the Netherlands Antilles and the head of the National Government of the Netherlands Antilles....
         
          (1970–1983)
    • Prime Minister - Ernesto O. Petronia, Prime Minister of the Netherlands Antilles (1969–1971)
  •   Suriname
    Suriname
    Suriname , officially the Republic of Suriname , is a country in northern South America. It borders French Guiana to the east, Guyana to the west, Brazil to the south, and on the north by the Atlantic Ocean. Suriname was a former colony of the British and of the Dutch, and was previously known as...
    
     (constituent country)
    • Governor-General - Johan Ferrier
      Johan Ferrier
      Johan Henri Eliza Ferrier was a Surinamese politician who served as the 1st President of Suriname from November 25, 1975, until August 13, 1980. He was that country's last governor before independence, from 1968 to 1975, and first president after it gained independence from the Netherlands...
      
      , Governor-General of Suriname (1968–1980)
    • Prime Minister - Jules Sedney
      Jules Sedney
      -Biography:Sedney was born in Paramaribo. He studied economics at the University of Amsterdam. He was prime minister of Suriname from 1969 to 1973. He led a multi-ethnic government that Sedney believed had the checks and balances necessary for the Suriname economy....
      
      , Prime Minister of Suriname (1969–1973)
•  Norway
  • Monarch - Olav V
    Olav V of Norway
    Olav V was the king of Norway from 1957 until his death. A member of the House of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg, Olav was born in the United Kingdom as the son of King Haakon VII of Norway and Queen Maud of Norway...
    
    , King of Norway (1957–1991)
  • Prime Minister - Per Borten
    Per Borten
    was a Norwegian politician from the Centre Party and Prime Minister of Norway from 1965 to 1971. Per Borten is credited for leading the modernization of what was then named Bondepartiet into today's Centre Party...
    
    , Prime Minister of Norway
    Prime Minister of Norway
    The Prime Minister of Norway is the political leader of Norway and the Head of His Majesty's Government. The Prime Minister and Cabinet are collectively accountable for their policies and actions to the Sovereign, to Stortinget , to their political party, and ultimately the...
    
     (1965–1971) Poland
    People's Republic of Poland
    The People's Republic of Poland was the official name of Poland from 1952 to 1990. Although the Soviet Union took control of the country immediately after the liberation from Nazi Germany in 1944, the name of the state was not changed until eight years later...
    
    
  • Communist Party Leader -
    1. Władysław Gomułka, First Secretary of the Central Committee of Polish United Workers' Party (1956–1970)
    2. Edward Gierek
       Edward Gierek
       Edward Gierek was a Polish communist politician.He was born in Porąbka, outside of Sosnowiec. He lost his father to a mining accident in a pit at the age of four. His mother married again and emigrated to northern France, where he was raised. He joined the French Communist Party in 1931 and was...
       
       , First Secretary of the Central Committee of Polish United Workers' Party (1970–1980)
  • Head of State -
    1. Marian Spychalski
       Marian Spychalski
       Marian "Marek" Spychalski was a Polish architect, military commander, and communist politician.Born to a working-class family in Łódź, he graduated from the Faculty of Architecture at the Warsaw University of Technology in 1931...
       
       , Chairman of the Council of State of Poland (1968–1970)
    2. Józef Cyrankiewicz
       Józef Cyrankiewicz
       Józef Cyrankiewicz was a Polish Socialist, after 1948 Communist political figure. He served as premier of the People's Republic of Poland between 1947 and 1952, and again between 1954 and 1970...
       
       , Chairman of the Council of State of Poland (1970–1972)
  • Premier -
    1. Józef Cyrankiewicz
       Józef Cyrankiewicz
       Józef Cyrankiewicz was a Polish Socialist, after 1948 Communist political figure. He served as premier of the People's Republic of Poland between 1947 and 1952, and again between 1954 and 1970...
       
       , President of the Council of Ministers of Poland (1954–1970)
    2. Piotr Jaroszewicz
       Piotr Jaroszewicz
       Gen. Piotr Jaroszewicz was a Polish Communist political figure. He served as the Prime Minister of Poland between 1970 and 1980.Piotr Jaroszewicz was born on 8 October 1909 in Nieśwież. After finishing the secondary school in Jasło he started working as a teacher and headmaster in Garwolin...
       
       , President of the Council of Ministers of Poland (1970–1980) Portugal
  • President - Américo Thomaz
    Américo Thomaz
    Américo de Deus Rodrigues Tomás, GCC, GOA, GOSE , archaic spelling: Américo Thomaz, was a Portuguese admiral and politician.-Career:Tomás became minister of the Navy in 1944...
    
    , President of Portugal
    President of Portugal
    Portugal has been a republic since 1910, and since that time the head of state has been the president, whose official title is President of the Portuguese Republic ....
    
     (1958–1974)
  • Prime Minister - Marcello Caetano, President of the Council of Ministers of Portugal
    Prime Minister of Portugal
    Prime Minister is the current title of the chief of the Portuguese Government. As chief executive, the Prime Minister coordinates the action of ministers, representing the Government from the other organs of state, accountable to Parliament and keeps the President informed...
    
     (1968–1974) Romania
    Communist Romania
    Communist Romania was the period in Romanian history when that country was a Soviet-aligned communist state in the Eastern Bloc, with the dominant role of Romanian Communist Party enshrined in its successive constitutions...
    
    
  • Communist Party Leader - Nicolae Ceauşescu
    Nicolae Ceausescu
    Nicolae Ceaușescu was a Romanian Communist politician. He was General Secretary of the Romanian Communist Party from 1965 to 1989, and as such was the country's second and last Communist leader...
    
    , General Secretary of the Romanian Communist Party
    Romanian Communist Party
    The Romanian Communist Party was a communist political party in Romania. Successor to the Bolshevik wing of the Socialist Party of Romania, it gave ideological endorsement to communist revolution and the disestablishment of Greater Romania. The PCR was a minor and illegal grouping for much of the...
    
     (1965–1989)
  • Head of State - Nicolae Ceauşescu
    Nicolae Ceausescu
    Nicolae Ceaușescu was a Romanian Communist politician. He was General Secretary of the Romanian Communist Party from 1965 to 1989, and as such was the country's second and last Communist leader...
    
    , President of the Council of State of Romania
    President of Romania
    The President of Romania is the head of state of Romania. The President is directly elected by a two-round system for a five-year term . An individual may serve two terms...
    
     (1967–1989)
  • Premier - Ion Gheorghe Maurer
    Ion Gheorghe Maurer
    Ion Gheorghe Iosif Maurer was a Romanian communist politician and lawyer.-Biography:Born in Bucharest to a Saxon father and a Romanian mother of French origin, he completed studies in Law and became an attorney, defending in court members of the illegal leftist and Anti-fascist movements...
    
    , Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Romania
    Prime Minister of Romania
    The Prime Minister of Romania is the head of the Government of Romania. Initially, the office was styled President of the Council of Ministers , when the term "Government" included more than the Cabinet, and the Cabinet was called The Council of Ministers...
    
     (1961–1974)
•  San Marino
  • Captains Regent
    1. Alvaro Casali and Giancarlo Ghironzi, Captains Regent of San Marino (October 1969–March 1970)
    2. Francesco Valli and Eusebio Reffi, Captains Regent of San Marino (April 1970–September 1970)
    3. Simone Rossini and Giuseppe Lonfernini, Captains Regent of San Marino (October 1970–March 1971)
•  Soviet Union
  • Communist Party Leader - Leonid Brezhnev
    Leonid Brezhnev
    Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev  – 10 November 1982) was the General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union , presiding over the country from 1964 until his death in 1982. His eighteen-year term as General Secretary was second only to that of Joseph Stalin in...
    
    , General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
    General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
    General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union was the title given to the leader of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. With some exceptions, the office was synonymous with leader of the Soviet Union...
    
     (1964–1982)
  • Head of State - Nikolai Podgorny
    Nikolai Podgorny
    Nikolai Viktorovich Podgorny was a Soviet Ukrainian statesman during the Cold War. He served as First Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Ukraine, or leader of the Ukrainian SSR, from 1957 to 1963 and as Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet from 1965 to 1977...
    
    , Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union (1965–1977)
  • Premier - Alexei Kosygin, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union
    Premier of the Soviet Union
    The office of Premier of the Soviet Union was synonymous with head of government of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics . Twelve individuals have been premier...
    
     (1964–1980)
• '
  • Head of State - Francisco Franco
    Francisco Franco
    Francisco Franco y Bahamonde was a Spanish general, dictator and head of state of Spain from October 1936 , and de facto regent of the nominally restored Kingdom of Spain from 1947 until his death in November, 1975...
    
    , Head of State of Spain (1936–1975)
  • Prime Minister - Francisco Franco
    Francisco Franco
    Francisco Franco y Bahamonde was a Spanish general, dictator and head of state of Spain from October 1936 , and de facto regent of the nominally restored Kingdom of Spain from 1947 until his death in November, 1975...
    
    , President of the Government of Spain
    Prime Minister of Spain
    The President of the Government of Spain , sometimes known in English as the Prime Minister of Spain, is the head of Government of Spain. The current office is established under the Constitution of 1978...
    
     (1939–1973)
•  Sweden
  • Monarch - Gustaf VI Adolf
    Gustaf VI Adolf of Sweden
    Gustaf VI Adolf - Oscar Fredrik Wilhelm Olaf Gustaf Adolf - was King of Sweden from October 29, 1950 until his death. His official title was King of Sweden, of the Goths and of the Wends. He was the eldest son of King Gustaf V and his wife Victoria of Baden...
    
    , King of Sweden (1950–1973)
  • Prime Minister - Olof Palme
    Olof Palme
    Sven Olof Joachim Palme was a Swedish politician. A long-time protegé of Prime Minister Tage Erlander, Palme led the Swedish Social Democratic Party from 1969 to his assassination, and was a two-term Prime Minister of Sweden, heading a Privy Council Government from 1969 to 1976 and a cabinet...
    
    , Prime Minister of Sweden
    Prime Minister of Sweden
    The Prime Minister is the head of government in the Kingdom of Sweden. Before the creation of the office of a Prime Minister in 1876, Sweden did not have a head of government separate from its head of state, namely the King, in whom the executive authority was vested...
    
     (1969–1976)
•  Switzerland
  • Swiss Federal Council
    Swiss Federal Council
    The Federal Council is the seven-member executive council which constitutes the federal government of Switzerland and serves as the Swiss collective head of state....
    
    :

    Ludwig von Moos

    Ludwig von Moos

    Ludwig von Moos was a Swiss politician and member of the Swiss Federal Council ....

    
     (1959–1971), Hans-Peter Tschudi

    Hans-Peter Tschudi

    Hans-Peter Tschudi was a Swiss politician and member of the Swiss Federal Council heading the Department of Home Affairs ....

    
     (1959–1973), Roger Bonvin

    Roger Bonvin

    Roger Bonvin was a Swiss politician and member of the Swiss Federal Council for the Canton of Valais ....

    
     (1962–1973), Rudolf Gnägi

    Rudolf Gnägi

    Rudolf Gnägi was a Swiss politician and member of the Swiss Federal Council ....

    
     (1965–1979, President), Nello Celio

    Nello Celio

    Nello Celio was a Swiss politician representing Canton Ticino.He was elected to the Swiss Federal Council on December 15, 1966 and handed over office on December 31, 1973...

    
     (1966–1973), Ernst Brugger

    Ernst Brugger

    Ernst Brugger was a Swiss politician and member of the Swiss Federal Council .He was elected to the Federal Council on December 10, 1969 and handed over office on January 31, 1978...

    
     (1969–1978), Pierre Graber

    Pierre Graber

    Pierre Graber was a Swiss politician and member of the Swiss Federal Council .He was born in La Chaux-de-Fonds, Switzerland and after studying law in Neuchâtel and Vienna he became attorney-at-law in Lausanne...

    
     (1970–1978)

•  United Kingdom
  • Monarch - Elizabeth II
    Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom
    Elizabeth II is the constitutional monarch of 16 sovereign states known as the Commonwealth realms: the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Jamaica, Barbados, the Bahamas, Grenada, Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, Tuvalu, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Belize,...
    
    , Queen of the United Kingdom (1952–present)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Harold Wilson
       Harold Wilson
       James Harold Wilson, Baron Wilson of Rievaulx, KG, OBE, FRS, FSS, PC was a British Labour Member of Parliament, Leader of the Labour Party. He was twice Prime Minister of the United Kingdom during the 1960s and 1970s, winning four general elections, including a minority government after the...
       
       , Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
       Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
       The Prime Minister of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is the Head of Her Majesty's Government in the United Kingdom. The Prime Minister and Cabinet are collectively accountable for their policies and actions to the Sovereign, to Parliament, to their political party and...
       
        (1964–1970)
    2. Edward Heath
       Edward Heath
       Sir Edward Richard George "Ted" Heath, KG, MBE, PC was a British Conservative politician who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom and as Leader of the Conservative Party ....
       
       , Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
       Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
       The Prime Minister of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is the Head of Her Majesty's Government in the United Kingdom. The Prime Minister and Cabinet are collectively accountable for their policies and actions to the Sovereign, to Parliament, to their political party and...
       
        (1970–1974)
•  Vatican City
  • Monarch - Pope Paul VI
    Pope Paul VI
    Paul VI , born Giovanni Battista Enrico Antonio Maria Montini , reigned as Pope of the Catholic Church from 21 June 1963 until his death on 6 August 1978. Succeeding Pope John XXIII, who had convened the Second Vatican Council, he decided to continue it...
    
    , Sovereign of the State of the Vatican City (1963–1978)
  • President of the Governorate - Jean-Marie Villot, President of the Governorate of Vatican City State (1969–1979)
  • Holy See
    Holy See
    The Holy See is the episcopal jurisdiction of the Catholic Church in Rome, in which its Bishop is commonly known as the Pope. It is the preeminent episcopal see of the Catholic Church, forming the central government of the Church. As such, diplomatically, and in other spheres the Holy See acts and...
    
    
    • Secretary of State - Jean-Marie Villot, Cardinal Secretary of State
      Cardinal Secretary of State
      The Cardinal Secretary of State—officially Secretary of State of His Holiness The Pope—presides over the Holy See, usually known as the "Vatican", Secretariat of State, which is the oldest and most important dicastery of the Roman Curia...
      
       (1969–1979)
•  Kingdom of Yugoslavia
  • Communist Party leader - Josip Broz Tito
    Josip Broz Tito
    Marshal Josip Broz Tito – 4 May 1980) was a Yugoslav revolutionary and statesman. While his presidency has been criticized as authoritarian, Tito was a popular public figure both in Yugoslavia and abroad, viewed as a unifying symbol for the nations of the Yugoslav federation...
    
    , President of the Presidium of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia
    League of Communists of Yugoslavia
    League of Communists of Yugoslavia , before 1952 the Communist Party of Yugoslavia League of Communists of Yugoslavia (Serbo-Croatian: Savez komunista Jugoslavije/Савез комуниста Југославије, Slovene: Zveza komunistov Jugoslavije, Macedonian: Сојуз на комунистите на Југославија, Sojuz na...
    
     (1945–1980)
  • President - Josip Broz Tito
    Josip Broz Tito
    Marshal Josip Broz Tito – 4 May 1980) was a Yugoslav revolutionary and statesman. While his presidency has been criticized as authoritarian, Tito was a popular public figure both in Yugoslavia and abroad, viewed as a unifying symbol for the nations of the Yugoslav federation...
    
    , President of Yugoslavia (1953–1980)
  • Premier - Mitja Ribičič
    Mitja Ribičič
    Mitja Ribičič is a former Slovenian Communist official and Yugoslav politician. He was the only Slovenian prime minister of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia...
    
    , Chairman of the Federal Executive Council of Yugoslavia
    Prime Minister of Yugoslavia
    The Prime Minister or the President of the Federal Executive Council of Yugoslavia was the head of government of the Yugoslav state, from the creation of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes in 1918 until the end of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia in 1992.-Kingdom of...
    
     (1969–1971)

North America

•  Barbados
  • Monarch - Elizabeth II
    Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom
    Elizabeth II is the constitutional monarch of 16 sovereign states known as the Commonwealth realms: the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Jamaica, Barbados, the Bahamas, Grenada, Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, Tuvalu, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Belize,...
    
    , Queen of Barbados (1966–present)
  • Governor-General - Sir Arleigh Winston Scott
    Arleigh Winston Scott
    Sir Arleigh Winston Scott GCMG , GCVO Governor-General of Barbados, .The first native Governor-General of Barbados, Scott was educated at St. Giles Boys' School and Harrison College. He studied medicine at Howard University in the United States and the University of Edinburgh in Scotland...
    
    , Governor-General of Barbados (1967–1976)
  • Prime Minister - Errol Barrow
    Errol Barrow
    Errol Walton Barrow, PC, QC was a Caribbean statesman and the first Prime Minister of Barbados. Born into a family of political and civic activists in the parish of Saint Lucy and educated at Harrison College, his sister Dame Nita Barrow also became a social activist, humanitarian leader and later...
    
    , Prime Minister of Barbados (1961–1976)
•  Canada
  • Monarch - Elizabeth II
    Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom
    Elizabeth II is the constitutional monarch of 16 sovereign states known as the Commonwealth realms: the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Jamaica, Barbados, the Bahamas, Grenada, Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, Tuvalu, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Belize,...
    
    , Queen of Canada (1952–present)
  • Governor General - Roland Michener
    Roland Michener
    Daniel Roland Michener , commonly known as Roland Michener, was a Canadian lawyer, politician, and diplomat who served as Governor General of Canada, the 20th since Canadian Confederation....
    
    , Governor General of Canada
    Governor General of Canada
    The Governor General of Canada is the federal viceregal representative of the Canadian monarch, Queen Elizabeth II...
    
     (1967–1974)
  • Prime Minister - Pierre Trudeau
    Pierre Trudeau
    Joseph Philippe Pierre Yves Elliott Trudeau, , usually known as Pierre Trudeau or Pierre Elliott Trudeau, was the 15th Prime Minister of Canada from April 20, 1968 to June 4, 1979, and again from March 3, 1980 to June 30, 1984.Trudeau began his political career campaigning for socialist ideals,...
    
    , Prime Minister of Canada
    Prime Minister of Canada
    The Prime Minister of Canada is the primary minister of the Crown, chairman of the Cabinet, and thus head of government for Canada, charged with advising the Canadian monarch or viceroy on the exercise of the executive powers vested in them by the constitution...
    
     (1968–1979)
•  Costa Rica
  • President -
    1. José Joaquín Trejos Fernández
       José Joaquín Trejos Fernández
       José Joaquín Antonio Trejos Fernández was President of Costa Rica from 1966 to 1970.His parents were Juan Trejos Quirós and Emilia Fernández Aguilar. As a student he obtained degrees in mathematics and economics from the University of Costa Rica...
       
       , President of Costa Rica (1966–1970)
    2. José Figueres Ferrer
       José Figueres Ferrer
       José María Hipólito Figueres Ferrer , served as President of Costa Rica on three occasions:1948–1949, 1953–1958, and 1970–1974....
       
       , President of Costa Rica (1970–1974)
•  Cuba
  • Communist Party Leader - Fidel Castro
    Fidel Castro
    Fidel Alejandro Castro Ruz is a Cuban revolutionary and politician, having held the position of Prime Minister of Cuba from 1959 to 1976, and then President from 1976 to 2008. He also served as the First Secretary of the Communist Party of Cuba from the party's foundation in 1961 until 2011...
    
    , First secretary of the Communist Party of Cuba
    Communist Party of Cuba
    The Communist Party of Cuba is the governing political party in Cuba. It is a communist party of the Marxist-Leninist model. The Cuban constitution ascribes the role of the Party to be the "leading force of society and of the state"...
    
     (1965–2011)
  • President - Osvaldo Dorticós Torrado
    Osvaldo Dorticós Torrado
    Osvaldo Dorticós Torrado was a Cuban politician who served as the President of Cuba from July 17, 1959 until December 2, 1976.-Background:...
    
    , President of Cuba (1959–1976)
  • Prime Minister - Fidel Castro
    Fidel Castro
    Fidel Alejandro Castro Ruz is a Cuban revolutionary and politician, having held the position of Prime Minister of Cuba from 1959 to 1976, and then President from 1976 to 2008. He also served as the First Secretary of the Communist Party of Cuba from the party's foundation in 1961 until 2011...
    
    , Prime Minister of Cuba
    Prime Minister of Cuba
    Prime Minister of Cuba was a position in the government of Cuba. Fidel Castro assumed the position of Prime Minister in 1959 replacing José Miró Cardona....
    
     (1959–2008)
•  Dominican Republic
  • President - Joaquín Balaguer
    Joaquín Balaguer
    Joaquín Antonio Balaguer Ricardo was the President of the Dominican Republic from 1960 to 1962, from 1966 to 1978, and again from 1986 to 1996.-Early life and introduction to politics:...
    
    , President of the Dominican Republic (1966–1978)
•  El Salvador
  • President - Fidel Sánchez Hernández
    Fidel Sánchez Hernández
    Fidel Sánchez Hernández was a politician, general, and former President of El Salvador. It could be said that Sánchez Hernández led his country during a tumultuous era...
    
    , President of El Salvador
    President of El Salvador
    This page contains a list of Presidents of El Salvador.-Heads of State of El Salvador within the Federal Republic of Central America :*Pedro Barriere : 21 September 1821 - 28 November 1821*José Matías Delgado : 28 Nov 1821 - 9 February 1823...
    
     (1967–1972)
•  Guatemala
  • President -
    1. Julio César Méndez Montenegro
       Julio César Méndez Montenegro
       Julio César Méndez Montenegro was the Revolutionary Party President of Guatemala from 1 July 1966 to 1 July 1970. The only civilian to occupy Guatemala's presidency during the long period of military rule between 1954 and 1986, Méndez was not allowed to act independently of the military and was...
       
       , President of Guatemala
       President of Guatemala
       The title of President of Guatemala has been the usual title of the leader of Guatemala since 1839, when that title was assumed by Mariano Rivera Paz...
       
        (1966–1970)
    2. Carlos Manuel Arana Osorio
       Carlos Manuel Arana Osorio
       Carlos Manuel Arana Osorio was President of Guatemala from 1 July 1970 to 1 July 1974.Carlos Arana was born in Barberena, in the department of Santa Rosa....
       
       , President of Guatemala
       President of Guatemala
       The title of President of Guatemala has been the usual title of the leader of Guatemala since 1839, when that title was assumed by Mariano Rivera Paz...
       
        (1970–1974)
•  Haiti
  • President - François Duvalier
    François Duvalier
    François Duvalier was the President of Haiti from 1957 until his death in 1971. Duvalier first won acclaim in fighting diseases, earning him the nickname "Papa Doc" . He opposed a military coup d'état in 1950, and was elected President in 1957 on a populist and black nationalist platform...
    
    , President for Life of Haiti
    President of Haiti
    The President of the Republic of Haiti is the head of state of Haiti. Executive power in Haiti is divided between the president and the government headed by the Prime Minister of Haiti...
    
     (1957–1971)
•  Honduras
  • President - Oswaldo López Arellano
    Oswaldo López Arellano
    Oswaldo Enrique López Arellano was a two-time President of Honduras, first from 1963 to 1971 and again from 1972 to 1975. He gained power both times via military force....
    
    , President of Honduras
    President of Honduras
    This page lists the Presidents of Honduras.Colonial Honduras declared its independence from Spain on 15 September 1821. From 5 January 1822 to 1 July 1823, Honduras was part of the First Mexican Empire of Agustín de Iturbide....
    
     (1963–1971)
•  Jamaica
  • Monarch - Elizabeth II
    Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom
    Elizabeth II is the constitutional monarch of 16 sovereign states known as the Commonwealth realms: the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Jamaica, Barbados, the Bahamas, Grenada, Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, Tuvalu, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Belize,...
    
    , Queen of Jamaica
    Monarchy of Jamaica
    The Monarchy of Jamaica is a constitutional system of government in which a hereditary monarch is the sovereign and head of state of Jamaica, forming the core of the country's Westminster-style parliamentary democracy...
    
     (1962–present)
  • Governor-General - Sir Clifford Campbell
    Clifford Campbell
    Sir Clifford Clarence Campbell ON, GCMG, GCVO, K.St.J was the first Jamaican-born Governor-General of Jamaica. He served in that position from December 1, 1962, until March 2, 1973....
    
    , Governor-General of Jamaica
    Governor-General of Jamaica
    The Governor-General of Jamaica represents the Jamaican monarch, and head of state, who holds the title of King or Queen of Jamaica ....
    
     (1962–1973)
  • Prime Minister - Hugh Shearer
    Hugh Shearer
    Hugh Lawson Shearer, ON, OJ, PC was the third Prime Minister of Jamaica, from 1967 to 1972.Born in Martha Brae, Trelawny Parish, Jamaica, near the sugar and banana growing areas, Shearer attended St Simon's College after winning a parish scholarship to the school.In 1941 he took a job on the staff...
    
    , Prime Minister of Jamaica
    Prime Minister of Jamaica
    The Prime Minister of Jamaica is Jamaica's head of government, currently Andrew Holness. Andrew Holness was elected as the new leader of the governing Jamaica Labour Party and succeeded Bruce Golding to become Jamaica's ninth Prime Minister on 23 October 2011...
    
     (1967–1972)
•  Mexico
  • President -
    1. Gustavo Díaz Ordaz
       Gustavo Díaz Ordaz
       Gustavo Díaz Ordaz Bolaños served as the President of Mexico from 1964 to 1970.- Political career :Díaz Ordaz was born in San Andrés Chalchícomula . His father, Ramón Díaz Ordaz Redonet, worked as an accountant, while his mother, Sabina Bolaños Cacho de Díaz Ordaz, worked as a school teacher...
       
       , President of Mexico
       President of Mexico
       The President of the United Mexican States is the head of state and government of Mexico. Under the Constitution, the president is also the Supreme Commander of the Mexican armed forces...
       
        (1964–1970)
    2. Luis Echeverría
       Luis Echeverría
       Luis Echeverría Álvarez served as President of Mexico from 1970 to 1976.-Early history:Echeverría joined the faculty of the National Autonomous University of Mexico in 1947 and taught political theory...
       
       , President of Mexico
       President of Mexico
       The President of the United Mexican States is the head of state and government of Mexico. Under the Constitution, the president is also the Supreme Commander of the Mexican armed forces...
       
        (1970–1976)
•  Nicaragua
  • President - Anastasio Somoza Debayle
    Anastasio Somoza Debayle
    Anastasio Somoza Debayle was a Nicaraguan leader and officially the 73rd and 76th President of Nicaragua from 1 May 1967 to 1 May 1972 and from 1 December 1974 to 17 July 1979. As head of the National Guard, he was de facto ruler of the country from 1967 to 1979...
    
    , President of Nicaragua
    President of Nicaragua
    The position of President of Nicaragua was created in the Constitution of 1854. From 1825 until the Constitution of 1838 the title of the position was known as Head of State and from 1838 to 1854 as Supreme Director .-Heads of State of Nicaragua within the Federal Republic of Central America...
    
     (1967–1972)
•  Panama
  • De facto leader - Omar Torrijos
    Omar Torrijos
    Omar Efraín Torrijos Herrera was the Commander of the Panamanian and National Guard and the de facto leader of Panama from 1968 to 1981...
    
    , Commandant of the National Guard of Panama (1969–1981)
  • President - Demetrio B. Lakas, President of Panama (1969–1978) Trinidad and Tobago
    Trinidad and Tobago (commonwealth realm)
    The commonwealth realm of Trinidad and Tobago, officially known simply as Trinidad and Tobago, was a predecessor to modern-day Republic of Trinidad and Tobago and an independent state that existed between 31 August 1962 and 1 August 1976....
    
    
  • Monarch - Elizabeth II
    Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom
    Elizabeth II is the constitutional monarch of 16 sovereign states known as the Commonwealth realms: the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Jamaica, Barbados, the Bahamas, Grenada, Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, Tuvalu, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Belize,...
    
    , Queen of Trinidad and Tobago
    Commonwealth Realm
    A Commonwealth realm is a sovereign state within the Commonwealth of Nations that has Elizabeth II as its monarch and head of state. The sixteen current realms have a combined land area of 18.8 million km² , and a population of 134 million, of which all, except about two million, live in the six...
    
     (1962–1976)
  • Governor-General - Sir Solomon Hochoy
    Solomon Hochoy
    Sir Solomon Hochoy TC, GCMG, GCVO, OBE was the last British Governor of Trinidad and Tobago, the first non-white Governor and the first Governor General after independence and the first British viceroy of non-European descent.Of Hakka Chinese background, his family emigrated to Trinidad when he...
    
    , Governor General of Trinidad and Tobago (1960–1972)
  • Prime Minister - Eric Williams
    Eric Williams
    Eric Eustace Williams served as the first Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago. He served from 1956 until his death in 1981. He was also a noted Caribbean historian, and is widely regarded as "The Father of The Nation."...
    
    , Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago (1956–1981)
•  United States
  • President - Richard Nixon
    Richard Nixon
    Richard Milhous Nixon was the 37th President of the United States, serving from 1969 to 1974. The only president to resign the office, Nixon had previously served as a US representative and senator from California and as the 36th Vice President of the United States from 1953 to 1961 under...
    
    , President of the United States
    President of the United States
    The President of the United States of America is the head of state and head of government of the United States. The president leads the executive branch of the federal government and is the commander-in-chief of the United States Armed Forces....
    
     (1969–1974)

Oceania

•  Australia
  • Monarch - Elizabeth II
    Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom
    Elizabeth II is the constitutional monarch of 16 sovereign states known as the Commonwealth realms: the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Jamaica, Barbados, the Bahamas, Grenada, Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, Tuvalu, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Belize,...
    
    , Queen of Australia (1952–present)
  • Governor-General - Sir Paul Hasluck
    Paul Hasluck
    Sir Paul Meernaa Caedwalla Hasluck KG GCMG GCVO KStJ was an Australian historian, poet, public servant and politician, and the 17th Governor-General of Australia.-Early life:...
    
    , Governor-General of Australia
    Governor-General of Australia
    The Governor-General of the Commonwealth of Australia is the representative in Australia at federal/national level of the Australian monarch . He or she exercises the supreme executive power of the Commonwealth...
    
     (1969–1974)
  • Prime Minister - John Gorton
    John Gorton
    Sir John Grey Gorton, GCMG, AC, CH , Australian politician, was the 19th Prime Minister of Australia.-Early life:...
    
    , Prime Minister of Australia
    Prime Minister of Australia
    The Prime Minister of the Commonwealth of Australia is the highest minister of the Crown, leader of the Cabinet and Head of Her Majesty's Australian Government, holding office on commission from the Governor-General of Australia. The office of Prime Minister is, in practice, the most powerful...
    
     (1968–1971) Fiji
    Dominion of Fiji
    The Dominion of Fiji, also known simply as Fiji, was a predecessor to modern-day Fiji and an independent state and that existed between October 1970 and 26 October 1987....
    
    
  • Colonial Fiji
    Colonial Fiji
    The United Kingdom declined its first opportunity to annex Fiji in 1852. Ratu Seru Epenisa Cakobau had offered to cede the islands, subject to being allowed to retain his Tui Viti title, a condition unacceptable to both the British and to many of his fellow chiefs, who regarded him only as first...
    
     gained independence on 10 October 1970
  • Monarch - Elizabeth II
    Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom
    Elizabeth II is the constitutional monarch of 16 sovereign states known as the Commonwealth realms: the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Jamaica, Barbados, the Bahamas, Grenada, Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, Tuvalu, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Belize,...
    
    , Queen of Fiji (1970–1987)
  • Governor-General - Sir Robert Sidney Foster
    Robert Sidney Foster
    Sir Robert Sidney Foster, GCMG, KCVO was a British colonial administrator, best remembered as the last colonial Governor of Fiji and the first Governor-General of the Dominion of Fiji.-Colonial service:...
    
    , Governor of Fiji
    Governor of Fiji
    Fiji was a British Crown Colony from 1874 to 1970, and an independent dominion in the British Commonwealth from 1970 to 1987. During this period, the Head of State was the British Monarch, but in practice his or her functions were normally exercised locally by the Governor prior to independence ,...
    
     (1968–1970), Governor-General of Fiji
    Governor-General of Fiji
    Fiji became a British Crown Colony in 1874, and an independent dominion in the Commonwealth in 1970. Queen Elizabeth II remained the Head of State, holding the title of Queen of Fiji until 1987, when she formally abdicated following two military coups...
    
     (1970–1973)
  • Prime Minister - Ratu Sir Kamisese Mara
    Kamisese Mara
    Ratu Sir Kamisese Mara, CF, GCMG, KBE is considered the founding father of the modern nation of Fiji. He was Chief Minister from 1967 to 1970, when Fiji gained its independence from the United Kingdom, and, apart from one brief interruption in 1987, the first Prime Minister from 1970 to 1992...
    
    , Chief Minister of Fiji
    Chief Minister (Fiji)
    Fiji's British colonial rulers established the office of Chief Minister in October 1967, along with the Cabinet system of government. This was part of an ongoing move to forge modern political institutions to prepare Fiji for independence, which was granted on 10 November 1970.The Chief Minister,...
    
     (1967–1970), Prime Minister of Fiji (1970–1987)
•  Nauru
  • President - Hammer DeRoburt
    Hammer DeRoburt
    Hammer DeRoburt, KBE was the founding President of the Republic of Nauru, and ruled the country for most of its first twenty years of independence.-Background and early career:...
    
    , President of Nauru
    President of Nauru
    The President of Nauru is elected by Parliament from amongst its members. He is both the head of state and head of government of Nauru. Nauru's unicameral Parliament has 18 members, with an electoral term of 3 years. Political parties only play a minor role in Nauru politics, and there has often...
    
     (1968–1976)
•  New Zealand
  • Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of New Zealand
    Monarchy in New Zealand
    The monarchy of New Zealand also referred to as The Crown in Right of New Zealand, Her Majesty in Right of New Zealand, or The Queen in Right of New Zealand is the constitutional system of government in which a hereditary monarch is the sovereign and head of state of the Realm of New Zealand,...
    
      (1952–present)
  • Governor-General - Sir Arthur Porritt
    Arthur Porritt, Baron Porritt
    - External links :* * *...
    
    , Governor-General of New Zealand
    Governor-General of New Zealand
    The Governor-General of New Zealand is the representative of the monarch of New Zealand . The Governor-General acts as the Queen's vice-regal representative in New Zealand and is often viewed as the de facto head of state....
    
     (1967–1972)
  • Prime Minister - Sir Keith Holyoake
    Keith Holyoake
    Sir Keith Jacka Holyoake, KG, GCMG, CH, QSO, KStJ was a New Zealand politician. The only person to have been both Prime Minister and Governor-General of New Zealand, Holyoake was National Party Prime Minister from 20 September 1957 to 12 December 1957, then again from 12 December 1960 to 7...
    
    , Prime Minister of New Zealand
    Prime Minister of New Zealand
    The Prime Minister of New Zealand is New Zealand's head of government consequent on being the leader of the party or coalition with majority support in the Parliament of New Zealand...
    
     (1960–1972)
•  Tonga
  • gained independence on 5 June 1970
  • British Consul - Archibald Cameron Reid (1965–1970)
  • Monarch - Tāufaʻāhau Tupou IV, King of Tonga (1965–2006)
  • Prime Minister - Prince Fatafehi Tu'ipelehake
    Tu'i Pelehake (Fatafehi)
    Sione Ngū Manumataongo Tukuʻaho , also known as HRH Prince Fatafehi Tu'ipelehake, was the youngest son of Sālote Tupou III and was educated in Tonga and Australia. Tu'ipelehake is a traditional high ranking Tongan title....
    
    , Prime Minister of Tonga
    Prime Minister of Tonga
    This is a list of Prime Ministers of Tonga from the establishment of that office in 1876 until the present day.-List of Premiers/Prime Ministers of Tonga :-External links:*...
    
     (1965–1991)
•  Samoa
  • Head of State - Malietoa Tanumafili II, O le Ao o le Malo of Western Samoa
    O le Ao o le Malo
    O le Ao o le Malo is the Samoan head of state, which is the title's rough translation....
    
     (1962–2007)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Fiame Mata'afa Faumuina Mulinu’u II
       Fiame Mata'afa Faumuina Mulinu’u II
       Fiame Mata'afa Faumuina Mulinu’u II, C.B.E. was a paramount chief and the first Prime Minister of Samoa. He was Prime Minister from October 1, 1959 until February 1970 and again from March 1973 until his death in 1975...
       
       , Prime Minister of Western Samoa (1959–1970)
    2. Tupua Tamasese Lealofi IV, Prime Minister of Western Samoa (1970–1973)

South America

•  Argentina
  • President -
    1. Juan Carlos Onganía
       Juan Carlos Onganía
       Juan Carlos Onganía Carballo was de facto president of Argentina from 29 June 1966 to 8 June 1970. He rose to power as military dictator after toppling, in a coup d’état self-named Revolución Argentina , the democratically elected president Arturo Illia .-Economic and social...
       
       , President of Argentina (1966–1970)
    2. Pedro Alberto José Gnavi, Chairman of the Junta of Commanders of Argentina (1970)
    3. Roberto M. Levingston
       Roberto M. Levingston
       Roberto Marcelo Levingston Laborda was a general in theArgentine Army and president of Argentina from June 18, 1970 to March 22, 1971, during the Revolución Argentina period in Argentine history...
       
       , President of Argentina (1970–1971)
•  Bolivia
  • President -
    1. Alfredo Ovando Candía
       Alfredo Ovando Candía
       Alfredo Ovando Candía was a Bolivian president and dictator , general and political figure.- Early years :...
       
       , President of Bolivia
       President of Bolivia
       The President of Bolivia is head of state and head of government of Bolivia. According to the current Constitution, the president is elected by popular vote to a five year term, renewable once...
       
        (1969–1970)
    2. Junta of Commanders of the Armed Forces
       Junta of Commanders of the Armed Forces 1970 (Bolivia)
       The Junta of Commanders of the Armed Forces was a military junta which ruled Bolivia from October 6, 1970 through October 7, 1970 and consisted of Efraín Guachalla Ibáñez, Fernando Sattori Ribera, Alberto Albarracín Crespo...
       
       , Head of State of Bolivia
       President of Bolivia
       The President of Bolivia is head of state and head of government of Bolivia. According to the current Constitution, the president is elected by popular vote to a five year term, renewable once...
       
        (1970)
    3. Juan José Torres
       Juan José Torres
       Juan José Torres González was a Bolivian socialist politician and military leader. He served as President of Bolivia from October 7, 1970 to August 21, 1971. He was popularly known as "J.J."...
       
       , President of Bolivia
       President of Bolivia
       The President of Bolivia is head of state and head of government of Bolivia. According to the current Constitution, the president is elected by popular vote to a five year term, renewable once...
       
        (1970–1971)
•   Brazil
  • President - Emílio Garrastazú Médici
    Emílio Garrastazu Médici
    Emílio Garrastazu Médici, was a Brazilian military leader and politician. His rightist rule from 1969 to 1974, marked the apex of military governments in Brazil.-Early life:...
    
    , President of Brazil
    President of Brazil
    The president of Brazil is both the head of state and head of government of the Federative Republic of Brazil. The president leads the executive branch of the federal government and is the commander-in-chief of the Brazilian Armed Forces...
    
     (1969–1974)
•  Chile
  • President -
    1. Eduardo Frei Montalva
       Eduardo Frei Montalva
       Eduardo Frei Montalva was a Chilean political leader of world stature. In his long political career, he was Minister of Public Works, president of his Christian Democratic Party, senator, President of the Senate, and president of Chile from 1964 to 1970...
       
       , President of Chile
       President of Chile
       The President of the Republic of Chile is both the head of state and the head of government of the Republic of Chile. The President is responsible of the government and state administration...
       
        (1964–1970)
    2. Salvador Allende
       Salvador Allende
       Salvador Allende Gossens was a Chilean physician and politician who is generally considered the first democratically elected Marxist to become president of a country in Latin America....
       
       , President of Chile
       President of Chile
       The President of the Republic of Chile is both the head of state and the head of government of the Republic of Chile. The President is responsible of the government and state administration...
       
        (1970–1973)
•  Colombia
  • President -
    1. Carlos Lleras Restrepo
       Carlos Lleras Restrepo
       Carlos Lleras Restrepo was a Colombian lawyer and political figure, President of Colombia .- Biographic data :...
       
       , President of Colombia (1966–1970)
    2. Misael Pastrana Borrero
       Misael Pastrana Borrero
       Misael Pastrana Borrero , was a Conservative Party politician and President of Colombia from 1970 to 1974, the last presidential period of the National Front. Misael Pastrana became President after a close election campaign against Gen. Gustavo Rojas Pinilla, a former dictator. Mr...
       
       , President of Colombia (1970–1974)
•  Ecuador
  • President - José María Velasco Ibarra
    José María Velasco Ibarra
    José María Velasco Ibarra was an Ecuadorian political figure. He served as the president of Ecuador from 1934–1935, 1944–1947, 1952–1956, 1960–1961, and 1968-1972. He only served one of those terms without being ousted by the army, from 1952-1956.-Early life and career:Velasco Ibarra was born on...
    
    , President of Ecuador (1968–1972)
•  Guyana
  • Monarch - Elizabeth II
    Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom
    Elizabeth II is the constitutional monarch of 16 sovereign states known as the Commonwealth realms: the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Jamaica, Barbados, the Bahamas, Grenada, Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, Tuvalu, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Belize,...
    
    , Queen of Guyana
    Commonwealth Realm
    A Commonwealth realm is a sovereign state within the Commonwealth of Nations that has Elizabeth II as its monarch and head of state. The sixteen current realms have a combined land area of 18.8 million km² , and a population of 134 million, of which all, except about two million, live in the six...
    
     (1966–1970)
  • Governor-General - Sir Edward Luckhoo
    Edward Luckhoo
    Sir Edward Victor Luckhoo was the Governor General of Guyana from 1966 to 1969 and became its Acting President upon independence. He was knighted on 1 January 1970...
    
    , Governor-General of Guyana (1969–1970)
  • President -
    1. Sir Edward Luckhoo
       Edward Luckhoo
       Sir Edward Victor Luckhoo was the Governor General of Guyana from 1966 to 1969 and became its Acting President upon independence. He was knighted on 1 January 1970...
       
       , Acting President of Guyana (1970)
    2. Arthur Chung
       Arthur Chung
       Arthur Chung was a President of Guyana from 1970 to 1980. He was the first ethnic Chinese head of state in a non-Asian country...
       
       , President of Guyana (1970–1980)
  • Prime Minister - Forbes Burnham
    Forbes Burnham
    Linden Forbes Sampson Burnham was the leader of Guyana from 1964 until his death, first as Premier from 1964 to 1966, then as the Prime Minister from 1966 to 1980 and finally as President from 1980 to 1985....
    
    , Prime Minister of Guyana (1964–1980)
•  Paraguay
  • President - Alfredo Stroessner
    Alfredo Stroessner
    Alfredo Stroessner Matiauda, whose name is also spelled Strössner or Strößner , was a Paraguayan military officer and dictator from 1954 to 1989...
    
    , President of Paraguay
    President of Paraguay
    The President of Paraguay is according to the Paraguayan Constitution the Chief of the Executive branch of the Government of Paraguay...
    
     (1954–1989)
•  Peru
  • Head of State - Juan Velasco Alvarado
    Juan Velasco Alvarado
    Juan Francisco Velasco Alvarado was a left-leaning Peruvian General who ruled Peru from 1968 to 1975 under the title of "President of the Revolutionary Government."- Early life :...
    
    , President of the Revolutionary Government of the Armed Forces of Peru (1968–1975)
  • Prime Minister - Ernesto Montagne Sánchez, President of the Council of Ministers of Peru (1968–1973)
•  Uruguay
  • President - Jorge Pacheco Areco
    Jorge Pacheco Areco
    Jorge Pacheco Areco was a Uruguayan politician and member of the Colorado Party. He served as President of Uruguay from December 6, 1967 to March 1, 1972.-Vice President of Uruguay:...
    
    , President of Uruguay (1967–1972)
•  Venezuela
  • President - Rafael Caldera
    Rafael Caldera
    Rafael Antonio Caldera Rodríguez was president of Venezuela from 1969 to 1974 and again from 1994 to 1999.Caldera taught sociology and law at various universities before entering politics. He was a founding member of COPEI, Venezuela's Christian Democratic party...
    
    , President of Venezuela (1969–1974)