List of biologists
Encyclopedia
This is a list of notable biologist
s with a biography in Wikipedia. It includes zoologists, botanists, ornithologists, malacologists, naturalists and other specialities.
See also:
Biologist
A biologist is a scientist devoted to and producing results in biology through the study of life. Typically biologists study organisms and their relationship to their environment. Biologists involved in basic research attempt to discover underlying mechanisms that govern how organisms work...
s with a biography in Wikipedia. It includes zoologists, botanists, ornithologists, malacologists, naturalists and other specialities.
See also:
- List of botanists by author abbreviation
- List of carcinologists
- List of coleopterists
- List of ecologists
- List of malacologists
- List of mammalogists
- List of mycologists
- List of ornithologists
- List of pathologists
- List of zoologists by author abbreviation
- List of Nobel Prize winners in physiology or medicineNobel Prize in Physiology or MedicineThe Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine administered by the Nobel Foundation, is awarded once a year for outstanding discoveries in the field of life science and medicine. It is one of five Nobel Prizes established in 1895 by Swedish chemist Alfred Nobel, the inventor of dynamite, in his will...
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- Humayun AbdulaliHumayun AbdulaliHumayun Abdulali was an Indian ornithologist, and a cousin of Salim Ali. He started with bird egg collection and shikar...
(1914–2001), Indian ornithologist - Aziz Ab'SaberAziz Ab'SaberAziz Nacib Ab'Sáber is an environmentalist and one of Brazil´s most respected scientists, honored with the highest awards of Brazilian science in geography, geology, ecology and archaeology...
(1924-), Brazilian geographer, geologist and ecologist - Erik AchariusErik AchariusErik Acharius was a Swedish botanist who pioneered the taxonomy of lichens and is known as the "father of lichenology"....
(1757–1819), Swedish botanist - Johann Friedrich AdamJohann Friedrich AdamJohann Friedrich Adam, later called Michael Friedrich Adams was a botanist from St. Petersburg, Russia....
(18th century – 1806), Russian botanist - Arthur AdamsArthur Adams (zoologist)Arthur Adams was an English physician and naturalist.Adams was assistant surgeon on board H.M.S. "Actaeon" in company with HMS Samarang in the British Navy during the survey of the Malay Archipelago, the Japan Sea, Korea and China,from 1843 to 1846. He edited the Zoology of the voyage of H.M.S....
(1820–1878), English physician and naturalist - Henry AdamsHenry Adams (zoologist)Henry Adams was an English naturalist and conchologist.With his brother Arthur Adams, also a noted conchologist, he wrote three volumes, 1858.-References:...
(1813–1877), English naturalist and conchologist - William AdamsonWilliam AdamsonWilliam Adamson was a Scottish trade unionist and Labour politician. He was Leader of the Labour Party between 1917 and 1921 and served as Secretary of State for Scotland in 1924 and between 1929 and 1931 in the first two Labour administrations headed by Ramsay MacDonald.-Background:Adamson was...
(1731–1793), Scottish botanist (abbr. in botany: Aiton) - Michel AdansonMichel AdansonMichel Adanson was a French naturalist of Scottish descent.Adanson was born at Aix-en-Provence. His family moved to Paris on 1730. After leaving the College Sainte Barbe he was employed in the cabinets of R. A. F. Reaumur and Bernard de Jussieu, as well as in the Jardin des Plantes. At the end of...
(1727–1806), French naturalist (abbr. in botany: Adans.) - Edgar Douglas Adrian (1889–1977), British electrophysiologist, winner of the 1932 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his research on neurons
- Adam AfzeliusAdam AfzeliusAdam Afzelius was a Swedish botanist and an apostle of Carl Linnaeus. Afzelius was born at Larv in Västergötland in 1750. He was appointed teacher of oriental languages at Uppsala University in 1777, and in 1785 demonstrator of botany...
(1750–1837), Swedish botanist - Carl Adolph AgardhCarl Adolph AgardhCarl Adolph Agardh was a Swedish botanist specializing in algae, who was eventually appointed bishop of Karlstad.-Biography:...
(1785–1859), Swedish botanist - Jacob Georg AgardhJacob Georg AgardhJacob Georg Agardh was a Swedish botanist, phycologist, and taxonomist.-Biography:He was the son of Carl Adolph Agardh, and in 1854 was appointed professor of botany at Lund University...
(1813–1901), Swedish botanist - Louis AgassizLouis AgassizJean Louis Rodolphe Agassiz was a Swiss paleontologist, glaciologist, geologist and a prominent innovator in the study of the Earth's natural history. He grew up in Switzerland and became a professor of natural history at University of Neuchâtel...
(1807–1873), Swiss zoologist - Alexander Agassiz (1835–1910), American zoologist, son of Louis Agassiz
- Nikolaus AgerNikolaus AgerNikolaus Ager was a French botanist born in Alsace, best known for his treatise De Anima Vegetiva ....
(1568–1634), French botanist - Pedro Alberch i ViéPedro Alberch i ViéPedro Alberch i Vié was a Spanish naturalist. He studied in USA, was very popular and wrote in magazines like Trends in Ecology and Evolution.-References:*...
(1954–1998), Spanish naturalist - Bruce AlbertsBruce AlbertsBruce Michael Alberts is an American biochemist known for his work in science public policy and as an original author of the Molecular Biology of the Cell...
(born 1938), American biochemist, former President of the United States National Academy of Sciences - Boyd AlexanderBoyd AlexanderBoyd Alexander was an English British Army officer, explorer and ornithologist.Lieutenant Boyd Francis Alexander was the oldest son of Lt Colonel Boyd Francis Alexander...
(1873–1910), English ornithologist - Horace AlexanderHorace AlexanderHorace Gundry Alexander was an English Quaker teacher and writer, pacifist and ornithologist. He was the youngest of four sons of Joseph Gundry Alexander...
(1889–1989), English ornithologist - Richard D. AlexanderRichard D. AlexanderRichard D. Alexander is an Emeritus Professor and Emeritus Curator of Insects at the Museum of Zoology of the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA. Prof...
(born 1930), American evolutionary biologist - Wilfred Backhouse AlexanderWilfred Backhouse AlexanderWilfred Backhouse Alexander was an English ornithologist and entomologist. He was the brother of Horace Alexander....
(1885–1965), English ornithologist - Alfred William AlcockAlfred William AlcockAlfred William Alcock was a British physician naturalist and carcinologist.Alcock was the son of a sea-captain, John Alcock in Bombay, India who retired to live in Blackheath...
(1859–1933), British naturalist - Salim AliSalim Ali (ornithologist)Sálim Moizuddin Abdul Ali was an Indian ornithologist and naturalist. Known as the "birdman of India", Salim Ali was among the first Indians to conduct systematic bird surveys across India and his bird books helped develop ornithology...
(1896–1987), Indian ornithologist - Frédéric-Louis AllamandFrédéric-Louis AllamandFrédéric-Louis Allamand was a Swiss botanist. Born in Payerne, Switzerland, he moved to Leiden, Netherlands in 1749 to live with his uncle, Jean-Nicolas-Sébastien Allamand , a professor in philosophy and mathematics at Leiden University, well known naturalist, member of the Royal Society and...
(1736 – after 1803), Swiss botanist (abbr. in botany: F.Allam.) - Warder Clyde Allee (1885–1955), American zoologist and ecologist, identified the Allee effect
- Joel Asaph AllenJoel Asaph AllenJoel Asaph Allen was an American zoologist and ornithologist, born in Springfield, Massachusetts.He studied at Harvard University under Louis Agassiz...
(1838–1921), birds, mammals - George James AllmanGeorge James AllmanGeorge James Allman FRS , M.D., Emeritus Professor of Natural History in Edinburgh, was an eminent Irish naturalist.-Life:...
(1812–1898), British naturalist - Prospero AlpiniProspero AlpiniProspero Alpini , was a Venetian physician and botanist....
(1553–1617), Italian botanist - Sidney AltmanSidney AltmanSidney Altman is a Canadian American molecular biologist, who is currently the Sterling Professor of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology and Chemistry at Yale University. In 1989 he shared the Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Thomas R...
(born 1939), Canadian-born molecular biologist, winner of the 1989 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his work on RNA - Bruce AmesBruce AmesBruce Nathan Ames is an American biochemist. He is a professor of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology at the University of California, Berkeley, and a senior scientist at Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute...
(born 1928), American biochemist, inventor of the Ames test - José Alberto de Oliveira AnchietaJosé Alberto de Oliveira AnchietaJosé Alberto de Oliveira Anchieta was a 19th century Portuguese explorer and naturalist who, between 1866 and 1897, travelled extensively in Angola, Africa, collecting animals and plants...
(1832–1897), Portuguese naturalist - George French AngasGeorge French AngasGeorge French Angas , was an English explorer, naturalist and painter.He was born in Newcastle upon Tyne, England, the eldest son of George Fife Angas, prominent in the establishment of the new colony of South Australia. Despite showing remarkable talent in drawing, he was placed in a London...
(1822–1886), English explorer, naturalist, conchologist and painter - Jakob Johan Adolf AppellöfAdolf AppellöfJakob Johan Adolf Appellöf was a Swedish marine zoologist.Appellöf matriculated at Uppsala University in 1877, earned his Ph.D. in goatsville and became a docent of zoology in 1887. In 1889 he received the position of janitor at the Museum of Bergen...
(1857–1921), Swedish marine zoologist - AristotleAristotleAristotle was a Greek philosopher and polymath, a student of Plato and teacher of Alexander the Great. His writings cover many subjects, including physics, metaphysics, poetry, theater, music, logic, rhetoric, linguistics, politics, government, ethics, biology, and zoology...
(384 BC-322 BC), Greek philosopher - Peter ArtediPeter ArtediPeter Artedi or Petrus Arctaedius was a Swedish naturalist and is known as the "father of Ichthyology."...
(1705–1735), Swedish naturalist - Gilbert AshwellGilbert AshwellGilbert Ashwell is a biochemist at the National Institutes of Health. He is a member of the National Academy of Science for his work with Anatol Morell in isolating the first cell receptor.-Biography:...
(born 1916), American biochemist, pioneer in the study of cell receptor - Jean Baptiste Audebert (1759–1800), French naturalist
- Jean Victoire AudouinJean Victoire Audouinthumb|Victor AudouinJean Victoire Audouin , sometimes Victor Audouin, was a French naturalist, an entomologist, ornithologist and malacologist.Audouin was born in Paris and studied medicine...
(1797–1841), French zoologist - John James AudubonJohn James AudubonJohn James Audubon was a French-American ornithologist, naturalist, and painter. He was notable for his expansive studies to document all types of American birds and for his detailed illustrations that depicted the birds in their natural habitats...
(1786–1851), American ornithologist - Charlotte AuerbachCharlotte AuerbachCharlotte Auerbach FRSE FRS was a German zoologist and geneticist.Born in Germany, she fled to Scotland because of anti-Semitism. She became well known after 1942 when she, with A. J. Clark and J. M. Robson, discovered that mustard gas could cause mutations in fruit flies...
(1899–1994), German geneticist, founded the discipline of mutagenesis - Richard AxelRichard AxelRichard Axel is an American neuroscientist whose work on the olfactory system won him and Linda B. Buck, a former post-doctoral scientist in his research group, the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2004....
(born 1946), Nobel prize winning physiologist - Julius AxelrodJulius AxelrodJulius Axelrod was an American biochemist. He won a share of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1970 along with Bernard Katz and Ulf von Euler...
(1912–2004), American biochemist, winner of the 1970 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his research on catecholamine neurotransmitters - William Orville AyresWilliam Orville AyresWilliam Orville Ayres was an American physician and ichthyologist. Born in Connecticut, he studied to become a doctor at Yale University School of Medicine....
(1817–1887), American physician and ichthyologist - Félix de AzaraFélix de AzaraFélix Manuel de Azara was a Spanish military officer, naturalist and engineer. He was born in Barbunales, Aragon....
(1746–1811), Spanish naturalist
Ba-Bi
- Churchill BabingtonChurchill BabingtonChurchill Babington was an English classical scholar, archaeologist and naturalist, born at Rothley Temple, in Leicestershire....
(1831–1881), British archaeologist and conchologist - John BachmanJohn BachmanThe Rev. John Bachman was an American Lutheran minister, social activist and naturalist who collaborated with J.J. Audubon to produce Viviparous Quadrapeds of North America and whose writings, particularly Unity of the Human Race, were influential in the development of the theory of evolution. He...
(1790–1874), American naturalist - Curt BackebergCurt BackebergCurt Backeberg was a German horticulturist especially known for the collection and classification of cacti.He travelled extensively through Central and South America, and published a number of books on cacti, including the six-volume, 4,000-page Die Cactaceae, 1958-1962, and the Kakteenlexikon,...
(1894–1966), German botanist (abbr. in botany: Backeb.) - Karl Ernst von BaerKarl Ernst von BaerKarl Ernst Ritter von Baer, Edler von Huthorn also known in Russia as Karl Maksimovich Baer was an Estonian naturalist, biologist, geologist, meteorologist, geographer, a founding father of embryology, explorer of European Russia and Scandinavia, a member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, a...
(1792–1876), embryologist - Liberty Hyde BaileyLiberty Hyde BaileyLiberty Hyde Bailey was an American horticulturist, botanist and cofounder of the American Society for Horticultural Science.-Biography:...
(1858–1954), American botanist (abbr. in botany: L.H.Bailey) - Spencer Fullerton BairdSpencer Fullerton BairdSpencer Fullerton Baird was an American ornithologist, ichthyologist and herpetologist. Starting in 1850 he was assistant-secretary and later secretary of the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C...
(1823–1887), birds and mammals - John Hutton BalfourJohn Hutton BalfourJohn Hutton Balfour was a Scottish botanist. Balfour became a Professor of Botany, first at the University of Glasgow in 1841, moving to Edinburgh University and also becoming Regius Keeper of the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh and Her Majesty's Botanist in Scotland in 1845...
(1808–1884), Scottish botanist (abbr. in botany: Balf.) - David BaltimoreDavid BaltimoreDavid Baltimore is an American biologist, university administrator, and Nobel laureate in Physiology or Medicine. He served as president of the California Institute of Technology from 1997 to 2006, and is currently the Robert A. Millikan Professor of Biology at Caltech...
(born 1938), Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1975 - Joseph BanksJoseph BanksSir Joseph Banks, 1st Baronet, GCB, PRS was an English naturalist, botanist and patron of the natural sciences. He took part in Captain James Cook's first great voyage . Banks is credited with the introduction to the Western world of eucalyptus, acacia, mimosa and the genus named after him,...
(1743–1820), biologist, botanist (abbr. in botany: Banks) - Robert BárányRobert BárányRobert Bárány was a Austro-Hungarian otologist. For his work on the physiology and pathology of the vestibular apparatus of the ear he received the 1914 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.- Biography :...
(1876–1936), Austrian physician, received the 1914 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his research on the vestibular system - Benjamin Smith Barton (1766–1815), American botanist (abbr. in botany: Barton)
- John BartramJohn Bartram*Hoffmann, Nancy E. and John C. Van Horne, eds., America’s Curious Botanist: A Tercentennial Reappraisal of John Bartram 1699-1777. Memoirs of the American Philosophical Society, vol. 243. ....
(1699–1777), American botanist (abbr. in botany: Bartram) - William BartramWilliam BartramWilliam Bartram was an American naturalist. The son of Ann and John Bartram, William Bartram and his twin sister Elizabeth were born in Kingsessing, Pennsylvania, near Philadelphia. As a boy, he accompanied his father on many of his travels, to the Catskill Mountains, the New Jersey Pine Barrens,...
(1739–1823), American naturalist (abbr. in botany: W.Bartram) - Anton de BaryAnton de BaryHeinrich Anton de Bary was a German surgeon, botanist, microbiologist, and mycologist ....
(1831–1888), surgeon, botanist, microbiologist - Henry Walter BatesHenry Walter BatesHenry Walter Bates FRS FLS FGS was an English naturalist and explorer who gave the first scientific account of mimicry in animals. He was most famous for his expedition to the Amazon with Alfred Russel Wallace in 1848. Wallace returned in 1852, but lost his collection in a shipwreck...
(1825–1892), English naturalist - Patrick BatesonPatrick BatesonSir Patrick Bateson, FRS is an English biologist and science writer. Bateson is emeritus professor of ethology at Cambridge University and president of the Zoological Society of London since 2004....
(born 1938), English biologist and science writer, President of the Zoological Society of London - August Johann Georg Karl BatschAugust BatschDr August Johann Georg Karl Batsch was a German naturalist. He was a recognised authority on mushrooms, and also described new species of ferns, bryophytes, and seed plants.- Life and career :...
(1762–1802), German botanist, mycologist - Nicolas BaudinNicolas BaudinNicolas-Thomas Baudin was a French explorer, cartographer, naturalist and hydrographer.Baudin was born a commoner in Saint-Martin-de-Ré on the Île de Ré. At the age of fifteen he joined the merchant navy, and at twenty joined the French East India Company...
(1754–1803), French botanist - Gaspard BauhinGaspard BauhinGaspard Bauhin, or Caspar Bauhin , was a Swiss botanist who wrote Pinax theatri botanici , which described thousands of plants and classified them in a manner that draws comparisons to the later binomial nomenclature of Linnaeus...
(1560–1624), Swiss botanist, introduced binomial nomenclature into taxonomy, which was used by Linnaeus (abbr. in botany: C.Bauhin) - Johann Matthäus BechsteinJohann Matthäus BechsteinJohann Matthäus Bechstein was a German naturalist, forester, ornithologist and entomologist. In Great Britain, he was known for his treatise on singing birds .-Biography:Bechstein was born in Waltershausen in the district of Gotha in Thuringia...
(1757–1822), German naturalist (abbr. in botany: Bechst.) - Rollo BeckRollo BeckRollo Howard Beck was an American ornithologist, bird collector and explorer. Beck's Petrel is named after him.-Early years:...
(1870–1950), American ornithologist - Charles William Beebe (1877–1962), biologist
- Martinus BeijerinckMartinus BeijerinckMartinus Willem Beijerinck was a Dutch microbiologist and botanist. Born in Amsterdam, Beijerinck studied at the Technical School of Delft, where he was awarded the degree of Chemical Engineer in 1872. He obtained his Doctor of Science degree from the University of Leiden in 1877...
(1851–1931), Dutch microbiologist and botanist, discovered viruses - Thomas BellThomas Bell (zoologist)Thomas Bell FRS was an English zoologist, surgeon and writer, born in Poole, Dorset, UK.Bell, like his mother Susan, took a keen interest in natural history which his mother also encouraged in his younger cousin Philip Henry Gosse. Bell left Poole in 1813 for his training as a dental surgeon in...
(1792–1880), English naturalist - David BellamyDavid BellamyDavid James Bellamy OBE is a British author, broadcaster, environmental campaigner and botanist. He has lived in County Durham since 1960.-Career:...
(born 1933), English botanist - Edward Turner BennettEdward Turner BennettEdward Turner Bennett was an English zoologist and writer. He was the elder brother of the botanist John Joseph Bennett. Bennett was born at Hackney and practiced as a surgeon, but his chief pursuit was always zoology...
(1797–1836), English zoologist - George BenthamGeorge BenthamGeorge Bentham CMG FRS was an English botanist, characterized by Duane Isely as "the premier systematic botanist of the nineteenth century".- Formative years :...
(1800–1884), English botanist (abbr. in botany: Benth.) - Robert Bentley (1821–1893), English botanist (abbr. in botany: Bentley)
- Wilson Teixeira BeraldoWilson Teixeira BeraldoWilson Teixeira Beraldo was a Brazilian physician and physiologist, a co-discoverer of bradykinin....
(1917–1998), Brazilian physician and physiologist, codiscoverer of bradykinin - Hans BergerHans BergerHans Berger was born in Neuses near Coburg, Bavaria, Germany. He is best known as the first to record human electroencephalograms in 1924, for which he invented the electroencephalogram , and the discoverer of the alpha wave rhythm known as "Berger's wave".- Biography :After attending...
(1873–1941), German neuroscientist, one of the founders of electroencephalography - Rudolph BerghRudolph BerghRudolph Bergh , full name Ludvig Sophus Rudolph Bergh, was a Danish physician and malacologist. He worked in Copenhagen....
(1824–1909), Danish physician and zoologist - Claude BernardClaude BernardClaude Bernard was a French physiologist. He was the first to define the term milieu intérieur . Historian of science I. Bernard Cohen of Harvard University called Bernard "one of the greatest of all men of science"...
(1813–1878), French physiologist and father of the concept of homeostasis - Samuel Stillman BerrySamuel Stillman BerrySamuel Stillman Berry was a U.S. marine zoologist specialized on cephalopods.He was born in Unity, Maine but the family home was the Winnecook Ranch in Montana, which had been founded by his father Ralph in 1880. In 1897, he moved with his mother and two cousins to Redlands, California.Berry...
(1887–1984), U.S. marine zoologist - Thomas BewickThomas BewickThomas Bewick was an English wood engraver and ornithologist.- Early life and apprenticeship :Bewick was born at Cherryburn House in the village of Mickley, in the parish of Ovingham, Northumberland, England, near Newcastle upon Tyne on 12 August 1753...
(1753–1828), English ornithologist - Colin BibbyColin BibbyColin Joseph Bibby, Ph.D., was a British ornithologist and conservationist.Bibby was born in the Wirral, Cheshire, the son of a North Wales farmer. He was educated at Oundle School, Northamptonshire, and at St John's College, Cambridge, graduating in Natural Sciences...
(1948–2004), English ornithologist - Gabriel BibronGabriel BibronGabriel Bibron was a French zoologist. He was born in Paris. Son of an employee of the Museum national d'histoire naturelle, he had a good foundation in natural history and was hired to collect vertebrates in Italy and Sicily. He classified a number of reptile species with André Marie Constant...
(1806–1848), French zoologist - Johannes Abraham Bierens de Haan (1883–1953), Dutch biologist and ethologist
- Biswamoy BiswasBiswamoy BiswasBiswamoy Biswas was an Indian ornithologist who was born in Calcutta, the son of a professor of Geology. In 1947, he was awarded a three year fellowship by Sunderlal Hora, then director of the Zoological Survey of India...
(1923–1994), Indian ornithologist
Bl-Bu
- Liz BlackburnElizabeth BlackburnElizabeth Helen Blackburn, AC, FRS is an Australian-born American biological researcher at the University of California, San Francisco, who studies the telomere, a structure at the end of chromosomes that protects the chromosome. Blackburn co-discovered telomerase, the enzyme that replenishes the...
(born 1948), Australian/US Nobel Prize–winning researcher in the field of telomeres and the "telomerase" enzyme - John BlackwallJohn BlackwallJohn Blackwall was a British naturalist.Blackwall lived at Hendre House near Llanrwst in north Wales from 1833 until his death...
(1790–1881), British entomologist - Henri Marie Ducrotay de BlainvilleHenri Marie Ducrotay de BlainvilleHenri Marie Ducrotay de Blainville was a French zoologist and anatomist.Blainville was born at Arques, near Dieppe. In about 1796 he went to Paris to study painting, but he ultimately devoted himself to natural history, and attracted the attention of Georges Cuvier, for whom he occasionally...
(1777–1850), French zoologist - Albert Francis BlakesleeAlbert Francis BlakesleeAlbert Francis Blakeslee was an American botanist. He is best known for his research on the poisonous jimsonweed plant and the sexuality of fungi....
(1874–1954), American botanist, best known for research on Jimsonweed and the sexuality of fungi - Thomas BlakistonThomas BlakistonThomas Wright Blakiston was an English explorer and naturalist.Born in Lymington, Hampshire, England, Blakiston was the son of Major John Blakiston, second son of Sir Matthew Blakiston, 2nd Baronet...
(1832–1891), English naturalist - William Thomas BlanfordWilliam Thomas BlanfordWilliam Thomas Blanford was an English geologist and naturalist. He is best remembered as the editor of a major series on The Fauna of British India, Including Ceylon and Burma.-Biography:Blanford was born in London...
(1832–1905), English naturalist - Pieter BleekerPieter BleekerPieter Bleeker was a Dutch medical doctor and ichthyologist, famous for his work on the fishes of East Asia – Atlas Ichthyologique des Orientales Neerlandaises – which was published 1862–1877....
(1819–1878), Dutch ichthyologist - Günter BlobelGünter Blobel-Biography:Blobel was born in Waltersdorf in the Prussian Province of Lower Silesia. In January 1945 his family fled from native Silesia from the advancing Red Army. On their way to the West they passed through the beautiful old city of Dresden, which left deep impressions in the young boy...
(born 1936), German Nobel Prize-winning biologist who discovered that newly synthesized proteins contain "address tags" which direct them to the proper location within the cell. - Steven BlockSteven BlockDr. Steven M. Block is a professor at Stanford University with a joint appointment in the departments of Biological Sciences and Applied Physics. In addition, he is a member of the scientific advisory group JASON, a senior fellow of Stanford's Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies,...
(born 1952), American biophysicist who measured the mechanical properties of single bio-molecules - Carl Ludwig BlumeCarl Ludwig BlumeCharles Ludwig de Blume or Karl Ludwig von Blume was a German-Dutch botanist.He was born at Braunschweig in Germany, but studied at Leiden University and spent his professional life working in the Dutch East Indies and in the Netherlands, where he was Director of the Rijksherbarium at Leiden...
(1789–1862), German-Dutch botanist (abbr. in botany: Blume) - Johann Friedrich BlumenbachJohann Friedrich BlumenbachJohann Friedrich Blumenbach was a German physician, physiologist and anthropologist, one of the first to explore the study of mankind as an aspect of natural history, whose teachings in comparative anatomy were applied to classification of what he called human races, of which he determined...
(1752–1840), German physiologist and anthropologist - Edward BlythEdward BlythEdward Blyth was an English zoologist and pharmacist. He was one of the founders of zoology in India....
(1810–1873), English zoologist - José Vicente Barbosa du BocageJosé Vicente Barbosa du BocageJosé Vicente Barbosa du Bocage was a Portuguese zoologist and politician. He was the curator of Zoology at the Museum of Natural History in Lisbon. He published numerous works on mammals, birds, and fishes. In the 1880s he became the Minister of the Navy and later the Minister for Foreign Affairs...
(1823–1907), Portuguese zoologist - Pieter BoddaertPieter BoddaertPieter Boddaert was a Dutch physician and naturalist.Boddaert was the son of a Middelburg jurist and poet by the same name . Pieter Jr. obtained his M.D. at the University of Utrecht in 1764 and there became a lecturer on natural history. Fourteen letters survive of his correspondence with Carl...
(1730–1795 or 1796), naturalist - Charles Lucien BonaparteCharles Lucien BonaparteCharles Lucien Jules Laurent Bonaparte, 2nd Prince of Canino and Musignano was a French naturalist and ornithologist.-Biography:...
(1803–1857), French naturalist - James BondJames Bond (ornithologist)James Bond was a leading American ornithologist whose name was appropriated by writer Ian Fleming for his fictional spy, James Bond.-Biography:...
(1900–1989), American ornithologist - Franco Andrea BonelliFranco Andrea BonelliFranco Andrea Bonelli was an Italian ornithologist, entomologist and collector.-Life:Very little is known about the early life of Bonelli: he was born in Cuneo and was interested from an early age in the fauna which surrounded him, making collecting trips, preparing specimens and noting his...
(1784–1830), Italian ornithologist - August Gustav Heinrich von BongardAugust Gustav Heinrich von BongardAugust Gustav Heinrich von Bongard was a German botanist, who worked at Saint Petersburg, Russia. He was among the first botanists to describe the new plants then being discovered in Alaska , including species now of major commercial importance like Sitka Spruce and Red Alder...
(1786–1839), German botanist - Charles BonnetCharles BonnetCharles Bonnet , Swiss naturalist and philosophical writer, was born at Geneva, of a French family driven into Switzerland by the religious persecution in the 16th century.-Life and work:Bonnet's life was uneventful...
(1720–1793), Swiss naturalist - Aimé BonplandAimé BonplandAimé Jacques Alexandre Bonpland was a French explorer and botanist.Bonpland's real name was Goujaud, and he was born in La Rochelle, a coastal city in France. After serving as a surgeon in the French army, and studying under J. N...
(1773–1858), French botanist (abbr. in botany: Bonpl.) - Jules BordetJules BordetJules Jean Baptiste Vincent Bordet was a Belgian immunologist and microbiologist. The bacterial genus Bordetella is named after him.-Biography:Bordet was born at Soignies, Belgium...
(1870–1961), Belgian immunologist and microbiologist, winner of the 1919 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his discovery of the complement system in the immune system - Antonina Georgievna BorissovaAntonina Georgievna BorissovaAntonina Georgievna Borissova was a Russian botanist, specialising in the flora of the deserts and semi-desert of central Asia.-Plants:Among the plants she identified are:...
(1903–1970), Russian botanist - Norman BorlaugNorman BorlaugNorman Ernest Borlaug was an American agronomist, humanitarian, and Nobel laureate who has been called "the father of the Green Revolution". Borlaug was one of only six people to have won the Nobel Peace Prize, the Presidential Medal of Freedom and the Congressional Gold Medal...
(born 1914), American agricultural scientist, humanitarian, Nobel laureate, and the father of the Green Revolution - Louis Augustin Guillaume BoscLouis Augustin Guillaume BoscLouis Augustin Guillaume Bosc was a French botanist, invertebrate zoologist, and entomologist.-Biography:...
(1759–1828), French zoologist - George Albert BoulengerGeorge Albert BoulengerGeorge Albert Boulenger FRS was a Belgian-British zoologist who identified over 2000 new animal species, chiefly fish, reptiles and amphibians.-Life:...
(1858–1937), Belgian zoologist - Jules BourcierJules BourcierJules Bourcier was a French naturalist.Bourcier was an expert on hummingbirds, and named a number of new species, either alone or with other ornithologists such as Adolphe Delattre and Martial Etienne Mulsant....
(1797–1873), French naturalist - Johann Friedrich von BrandtJohann Friedrich von BrandtJohann Friedrich von Brandt was a German naturalist.Brandt was born in Jüterbog and educated at a gymnasium in Wittenberg and the University of Berlin. In 1831 he was appointed director of the Zoological Department at the St Petersburg Academy of Sciences, where he published in Russian...
(1802–1879), German naturalist (abbr. in botany: Brandt) - Christian Ludwig BrehmChristian Ludwig BrehmChristian Ludwig Brehm was a German pastor and ornithologist. He was the father of Alfred Brehm.Brehm was born near Gotha, and studied at the University of Jena. In 1813 he became the minister at Renthendorf, a village sixty miles south of Leipzig, where he remained until his death...
(1787–1864), German ornithologist - Alfred BrehmAlfred BrehmAlfred Edmund Brehm was aGerman zoologist, natural history illustrator and writer, the son ofChristian Ludwig Brehm....
(1829–1884), German zoologist - Sydney BrennerSydney BrennerSydney Brenner, CH FRS is a South African biologist and a 2002 Nobel prize in Physiology or Medicine laureate, shared with H...
(born 1927), British molecular biologist, winner of the 2002 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine - Thomas Mayo BrewerThomas Mayo BrewerThomas Mayo Brewer was an American naturalist.Mayo is best known as the joint author, with Baird and Ridgway, of A History of North American Birds , which was the first attempt since John James Audubon's to complete the study of American ornithology.Brewer was born in Boston...
(1814–1880), American naturalist - William BrewsterWilliam Brewster (ornithologist)William Brewster was an American ornithologist. He was the curator of birds at the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard University from 1885 until his death. He was the co-founder, with Elliott Coues and Joel Asaph Allen, of the American Ornithologists' Union in 1883...
(1851–1919), American ornithologist - Mathurin Jacques BrissonMathurin Jacques BrissonMathurin Jacques Brisson was a French zoologist and natural philosopher.Brisson was born at Fontenay-le-Comte. The earlier part of his life was spent in the pursuit of natural history, his published works in this department including Le Règne animal and Ornithologie...
(1723–1806), French zoologist - Nathaniel Lord BrittonNathaniel Lord BrittonNathaniel Lord Britton was an American botanist and taxonomist who founded the New York Botanical Garden in the Bronx, New York. Britton was born in New Dorp in Staten Island, New York...
(1859–1934), American botanist (abbr. in botany: Britton) - Thomas D. BrockThomas D. BrockThomas Dale Brock is an American microbiologist known for his discovery of hyperthermophiles living in hot springs at Yellowstone National Park....
(born 1926), American biologist, discoverer of hyperthermophiles - Adolphe Theodore BrongniartAdolphe Theodore BrongniartAdolphe-Théodore Brongniart was a French botanist. He was the son of the geologist Alexandre Brongniart and grandson of the architect, Alexandre-Théodore Brongniart. Brongniart's pioneering work on the relationships between extinct and existing plants has earned him the title of father of...
(1801–1876), French botanist (abbr. in botany: Brongn.) - Robert BroomRobert BroomProfessor Robert Broom was a Scottish South African doctor and paleontologist. He qualified as a medical practitioner in 1895 and received his DSc in 1905 from the University of Glasgow...
(1866–1951), South African paleontologist - James H. BrownJames Brown (ecologist)James Hemphill Brown , is an American biologist and academic.He is an ecologist, and a Distinguished Professor of Biology at the University of New Mexico...
, American ecologist - Robert BrownRobert Brown (botanist)Robert Brown was a Scottish botanist and palaeobotanist who made important contributions to botany largely through his pioneering use of the microscope...
(1773–1858), botanist (abbr. in botany: R.Br.) - David BruceDavid Bruce (microbiologist)Major-General Sir David Bruce KCB FRS FRSE was a Scottish pathologist and microbiologist who investigated the Malta-fever and trypanosomes, identifying the cause of sleeping sickness....
(1855-1931), Scottish pathologist and microbiologist - Jean Guillaume BruguièreJean Guillaume BruguièreJean Guillaume Bruguière was a French physician, zoologist and diplomat.Bruguière was born in Montpellier.He was a doctor, connected to the University of Montpellier. His was interested in invertebrates, mostly snails ....
(1750–1798), French naturalist - Morten Thrane BrünnichMorten Thrane Brünnichthumb|180px|Morten Thrane Brünnich, painting by [[Jens Juel |Jens Juel]], 1799Morten Thrane Brünnich was a Danish zoologist and mineralogist....
(1737–1827), Danish zoologist - Francis Buchanan-HamiltonFrancis Buchanan-HamiltonDr Francis Buchanan, later known as Francis Hamilton but often referred to as Francis Buchanan-Hamilton was a Scottish physician who made significant contributions as a geographer, zoologist, and botanist while living in India.The standard botanical author abbreviation Buch.-Ham. is applied to...
(1762–1829), Scottish zoologist and botanist - Stephen L. BuchmannPollinator declineThe term pollinator decline refers to the reduction in abundance of pollinators in many ecosystems worldwide during the end of the twentieth century....
, co-author of The Forgotten Pollinators - Linda B. BuckLinda B. BuckLinda Brown Buck is an American biologist best known for her work on the olfactory system. She was awarded the 2004 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, along with Richard Axel, for their work on olfactory receptors....
(born 1947), American physiologist and Nobel prize winner - Samuel Botsford BuckleySamuel Botsford BuckleySamuel Botsford Buckley was an American botanist, geologist, and naturalist. He graduated from Wesleyan University in 1836....
(1809–1884), American naturalist (abbr. in botany: Buckley) - BuffonGeorges-Louis Leclerc, Comte de BuffonGeorges-Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon was a French naturalist, mathematician, cosmologist, and encyclopedic author.His works influenced the next two generations of naturalists, including Jean-Baptiste Lamarck and Georges Cuvier...
(1707–1788), French naturalist (abbr. in botany: Buffon) - William Bullock (1773–1849), English naturalist
- Walter BullerWalter BullerWalter Lawry Buller KCMG was a New Zealand lawyer, naturalist and ornithologist.Buller was the author of A History of the Birds of New Zealand , with illustrations by John Gerrard Keulemans. In 1882 he produced the Manual of the Birds of New Zealand as a cheaper, popular alternative...
(1838–1906), New Zealand naturalist - James BulwerJames BulwerThe Reverend James Bulwer was an English collector, naturalist and conchologist.Bulwer was born at Aylsham in Norfolk and studied at Jesus College, Cambridge...
(1794–1879), English naturalist and conchologist - Alexander G. von BungeAlexander G. von BungeAlexander Georg von Bunge was a Baltic German botanist. He was a professor of botany at the University of Tartu, and was director of the department from 1842 until 1844...
(1803–1890), German-Russian zoologist - Luther BurbankLuther BurbankLuther Burbank was an American botanist, horticulturist and a pioneer in agricultural science.He developed more than 800 strains and varieties of plants over his 54-year career. Burbank's varied creations included fruits, flowers, grains, grasses, and vegetables...
(1849–1926), American horticulturalist - Hermann BurmeisterHermann BurmeisterKarl Hermann Konrad Burmeister was a German zoologist, entomologist, and herpetologist.Burmeister was born in Stralsund and became a professor of Zoology at the Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg from 1837 to 1861...
(1807–1892), German zoologist - Carlos BustamanteCarlos BustamanteCarlos José Bustamante is an American scientist. He is a member of the National Academy of Sciences.-Biography:Bustamante is an HHMI investigator and professor of molecular and cell biology, physics, and chemistry at the University of California, Berkeley, a position he has held since 1998. He...
(born 1951), American biophysicist, discovered "molecular tweezers" to manipulate DNA - Ernesto BustamanteErnesto BustamanteErnesto Bustamante is a prominent scientist known for his expertise and contributions to the field of molecular biology.-Education:...
(born 1950), Peruvian biochemist, specialist in mitochondria. Currently works on DNA paternity testing
C
- Jean CabanisJean CabanisJean Louis Cabanis was a German ornithologist.Cabanis was born in Berlin. He studied at the University of Berlin from 1835 to 1839, and then travelled to North America, returning in 1841 with a large natural history collection. He was assistant and later director of the Berlin University Museum,...
(1816–1906), German ornithologist - George CaleyGeorge Caley-Early life:Caley was born in Craven, Yorkshire, England, the son of a horse-dealer. He was educated at the Free Grammar School at Manchester for around four years and was then taken into his father's stables. Coming across a volume on farriery, he became interested in the herbs mentioned in...
(1770–1829), English botanist - Rudolf Jakob CamerariusRudolf Jakob CamerariusRudolf Jakob Camerarius or Camerer was a German botanist and physician.Camerarius was born at Tübingen, and became professor of medicine and director of the botanical gardens at Tübingen in 1687...
(1665–1721), German botanist - Frederick Campion StewardFrederick Campion StewardFrederick "Camp" Campion Steward was a British botanist and plant physiologist.- Early Life and Education :He was born in Pimlico, London but brought up in Yorkshire...
(1904–1993), British botanist - A. P. de CandolleA. P. de CandolleAugustin Pyramus de Candolle also spelled Augustin Pyrame de Candolle was a Swiss botanist. René Louiche Desfontaines launched Candolle's botanical career by recommending him at an herbarium...
(1778–1841), Swiss botanist - Philip Pearsall Carpenter (1819–1877), conchologist
- Alexis CarrelAlexis CarrelAlexis Carrel was a French surgeon and biologist who was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1912 for pioneering vascular suturing techniques. He invented the first perfusion pump with Charles A. Lindbergh opening the way to organ transplantation...
(1873–1944), French biologist and surgeon, winner of the 1912 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work on sutures and organ transplants, advocate of eugenics - Elie-Abel CarrièreÉlie-Abel CarrièreÉlie-Abel Carrière was a French botanist, based in Paris. He was a leading authority on conifers in the period 1850-1870, describing many new species, and the new genera Tsuga, Keteleeria and Pseudotsuga. His most important work was the Traité Général des Conifères, published in 1855, with a...
(1818–1896), French botanist - Clodoveo Carrión MoraClodoveo Carrión MoraClodoveo Carrión Mora was a paleontologist and naturalist who is regarded as the most prolific and erudite natural scientist of Ecuador of the 20th century.-Early years:...
(1883–1957), Ecuadorian paleontologist and naturalist - Sean B. CarrollSean B. CarrollSean B. Carroll is a Professor of Molecular Biology, Genetics, and Medical Genetics at the University of Wisconsin–Madison. He studies the evolution of cis-regulation in the context of biological development, using Drosophila as a model system...
, American evolutionary development biologist - Rachel CarsonRachel CarsonRachel Louise Carson was an American marine biologist and conservationist whose writings are credited with advancing the global environmental movement....
(1907–1964), biologist, author of Silent Spring - George Washington CarverGeorge Washington CarverGeorge Washington Carver , was an American scientist, botanist, educator, and inventor. The exact day and year of his birth are unknown; he is believed to have been born into slavery in Missouri in January 1864....
(1860–1943), American botanist - John CassinJohn CassinJohn Cassin was an American ornithologist.He is considered to be one of the giants of American ornithology, and was America's first taxonomist, describing 198 birds not previously mentioned by Alexander Wilson and John James Audubon...
(1813–1869), American ornithologist - Alexandre de CassiniAlexandre de CassiniCount Alexandre Henri Gabriel de Cassini was a French botanist and naturalist, who specialised in the sunflower family ....
(1781–1832), French botanist (abbr. in botany: Cass.) - William E. CastleWilliam E. CastleWilliam Ernest Castle was an early American geneticist.-Early years:William Ernest Castle was born on a farm in Ohio and took an early interest in natural history...
(1867–1962), American geneticist - Mark CatesbyMark CatesbyMark Catesby was an English naturalist. Between 1731 and 1743 Catesby published his Natural History of Carolina, Florida and the Bahama Islands, the first published account of the flora and fauna of North America...
(1683–1749), English naturalist - Andrea CesalpinoAndrea CesalpinoAndrea Cesalpino was an Italian physician, philosopher and botanist....
(1519–1603), Italian botanist - Francesco CettiFrancesco CettiFrancesco Cetti was an Italian Jesuit priest, zoologist and mathematician.Cetti was born in Mannheim in Germany, but his parents were natives of Como. He was educated in Lombardy and at the Jesuit college at Monza. In 1765 he was sent to Sardinia to help improve the standard of education on the...
(1726–1778), Italian zoologist - Carlos ChagasCarlos ChagasCarlos Justiniano Ribeiro Chagas, or Carlos Chagas , was a Brazilian sanitary physician, scientist and bacteriologist who worked as a clinician and researcher. He discovered Chagas disease, also called American trypanosomiasis in 1909, while working at the Oswaldo Cruz Institute in Rio de Janeiro...
(1879–1934), Brazilian physician - Adelbert von ChamissoAdelbert von ChamissoAdelbert von Chamisso was a German poet and botanist.- Life :He was born Louis Charles Adélaïde de Chamissot at the château of Boncourt at Ante, in Champagne, France, the ancestral seat of his family...
(1781–1838), German botanist - Min Chueh ChangMin Chueh ChangDr. Min Chueh Chang , often credited as M.C. Chang, was a Chinese American reproductive biologist. His specific area of study was the fertilisation process in mammalian reproduction...
(1908–1991), biologist - Frank Michler Chapman (1864–1945), ornithologist
- Martha ChaseMartha ChaseMartha Cowles Chase , also known as Martha C. Epstein, was an American geneticist famously known for being a member of the 1952 team which experimentally showed that DNA rather than protein is the genetic material of life. She was greatly respected as a geneticist. Chase was born in 1927 in...
(1927–2003), American biologist, conducted the Hershey-Chase experiment which linked DNA to heredity - Thomas Frederic CheesemanThomas Frederic CheesemanThomas Frederick Cheeseman was a New Zealand botanist and also a naturalist who had a wide-ranging interest in natural history, such that he even described a few species of sea slugs, marine gastropod molluscs.- Biography :...
(1846-1923), New Zealand botanist and naturalist. - Sergei ChetverikovSergei ChetverikovSergei Sergeevich Chetverikov was one of the early contributors to the development of the field of genetics...
(1880–1959), Russian population geneticist - Charles ChiltonCharles Chilton (zoologist)Charles Chilton was a New Zealand zoologist, the first rector to be appointed in Australasia, and the first person to be awarded a D.Sc. degree in New Zealand.-Biography:...
(1860–1929), New Zealand zoologist - Carl ChunCarl ChunDr. Carl Chun was a German marine biologist.Chun was born in Höchst, today a part of Frankfurt, and studied zoology at the University of Leipzig where, after posts in Königsberg and Breslau, he was appointed professor for biology in 1892...
(1852–1914), German marine biologist - Nathan CobbNathan CobbNathan Augustus Cobb is known as "the father of nematology in the United States".He provided the foundations for nematode taxonomy and described over 1000 different nematode species...
(1859–1932), American biologist, considered the founder of the discipline of nematology - Alfred CogniauxAlfred CogniauxAlfred Celestin Cogniaux was a Belgian botanist. Amongst other plants, the genus Neocogniauxia of orchids is named after him.In 1916 his enormous private herbarium was acquired by the National Botanic Garden of Belgium....
(1841–1916), Belgian botanist (abbr. in botany: Cogn.) - Stanley Cohen (born 1922), American biologist who won the Nobel Prize Laureate in Physiology and Medicine (1986) for his discovery of growth factors.
- James J. CollinsJames Collins (Boston University)James J. Collins is an American bioengineer, Professor of Biomedical Engineering at Boston University, and a Howard Hughes Medical Institute Investigator...
, American biologist, synthetic biology and systems biology pioneer - Henry Boardman ConoverHenry Boardman ConoverBoardman Conover was an American soldier and amateur ornithologist.Conover was born in Chicago and studied at the Sheffield Scientific School in Yale. He had an interest in natural history from an early age, and collected bird specimens...
(1892–1950), American ornithologist - Timothy Abbott ConradTimothy Abbott ConradTimothy Abbott Conrad was an American geologist, malacologist and carcinologist.- External links :* at Internet Archive...
(1803–1877), American malacologist - James Graham CooperJames Graham CooperJames Graham Cooper was an American surgeon and naturalist.Cooper was born in New York. He worked for the California Geological Survey with Josiah Dwight Whitney, William Henry Brewer and Henry Nicholas Bolander...
(1830–1902), American naturalist - William CooperWilliam Cooper (conchologist)William Cooper was an American conchologist and collector.Cooper studied zoology in Europe from 1821 to 1824, and afterwards travelled to Nova Scotia, Kentucky and the Bahamas collecting specimens. Although he was not an author himself his specimens were of great help to others, such as John James...
(1798–1864), American conchologist - Edward Drinker CopeEdward Drinker CopeEdward Drinker Cope was an American paleontologist and comparative anatomist, as well as a noted herpetologist and ichthyologist. Born to a wealthy Quaker family, Cope distinguished himself as a child prodigy interested in science; he published his first scientific paper at the age of nineteen...
(1840–1897), fish, reptiles, paleontology - Charles CoquerelCharles CoquerelCharles Coquerel was a French navy surgeon, algologist, and entomologist.Coquerel collected insects in Madagascar and neighbouring islands. A number of these were described after his death by Léon Fairmaire in his Notes sur les Coléopteres recueillis par Charles Coquerel a Madagascar et sur les...
(1822–1867), French navy surgeon and entomologist - Carl Ferdinand CoriCarl Ferdinand CoriCarl Ferdinand Cori was a Czech biochemist and pharmacologist born in Prague who, together with his wife Gerty Cori and Argentine physiologist Bernardo Houssay, received a Nobel Prize in 1947 for their discovery of how glycogen – a derivative of glucose – is broken down and...
(1896–1984), American biochemist, winner of the 1947 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work on the Cori cycle - Gerty CoriGerty CoriGerty Theresa Cori was an American biochemist who became the third woman—and first American woman—to win a Nobel Prize in science, and the first woman to be awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.Cori was born in Prague...
(1886–1957), American biochemist, first American woman to win a Nobel Prize in science, the prize was awarded to her and her husband Carl for their work on the Cori cycle - Charles B. CoryCharles B. CoryCharles Barney Cory was an American ornithologist and golfer.-Biography:Cory was born in Boston. His father had made a fortune from a large import business, ensuring that his son never had to work. At the age of sixteen Cory developed an interest in ornithology and began a skin collection...
(1857–1921), American ornithologist - Emanuel Mendez da CostaEmanuel Mendez da CostaEmanuel Mendez da Costa was an English botanist, naturalist, philosopher, and collector of valuable notes and of manuscripts, and of anecdotes of the literati....
(1717–1791), English botanist, naturalist, philosopher - Elliott CouesElliott CouesElliott Coues was an American army surgeon, historian, ornithologist and author.Coues was born in Portsmouth, New Hampshire. He graduated at Columbian University, Washington, D.C., in 1861, and at the Medical school of that institution in 1863...
(1842–1899), American ornithologist - Marjorie Courtenay-LatimerMarjorie Courtenay-LatimerMarjorie faree Doris Courtenay-Latimer was the South African museum official who in 1938 brought to the attention of the world the existence of the coelacanth, a fish thought to have been extinct for sixty-five million years....
(1907–2004), South African zoologist - Jacques CousteauJacques-Yves CousteauJacques-Yves Cousteau was a French naval officer, explorer, ecologist, filmmaker, innovator, scientist, photographer, author and researcher who studied the sea and all forms of life in water...
(1910–1997), French marine biologist and explorer - Miguel Rolando CovianMiguel Rolando CovianMiguel Rolando Covian , was an Argentine-Brazilian physiologist, medical educator and writer.Covian was born in Rufino, Santa Fé Province, Argentina, on September 7, 1913. He studied at the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Buenos Aires, where, while a student, he worked also as a teaching...
(1913–1992), Argentine-Brazilian neurophysiologist, father of Brazilian neurophysiology - Frederick Vernon CovilleFrederick Vernon CovilleFrederick Vernon Coville was an American botanist who careered in the United States Department of Agriculture , where he became Chief Botanist, and was the first director of the United States National Arboretum...
(1867–1937), American botanist - Robert K. CraneRobert K. CraneRobert Kellogg Crane is an American biochemist best known for his discovery of sodium-glucose cotransport.-Biography:...
, (born 1919), American biochemist, discovered sodium-glucose cotransportCo-transportCo-transport, also known as coupled transport or secondary active transport, refers to the simultaneous or sequential passive transfer of molecules or ions across biological membranes in a fixed ratio...
. - Philipp Jakob CretzschmarPhilipp Jakob CretzschmarPhilipp Jakob Cretzschmar was a German physician.Cretzschmar was born at Sulzbach and studied medicine at the University of Würzburg. He taught anatomy and zoology at the Senckenberg Medical Institute of Frankfurt....
(1786–1845), German zoologist - Francis CrickFrancis CrickFrancis Harry Compton Crick OM FRS was an English molecular biologist, biophysicist, and neuroscientist, and most noted for being one of two co-discoverers of the structure of the DNA molecule in 1953, together with James D. Watson...
(1916–2004), one of the discoverers of the structure of the DNA molecule and a neurobiologist - Joseph Charles Hippolyte CrosseJoseph Charles Hippolyte CrosseJoseph Charles Hippolyte Crosse was a French conchologist.-Works:*Notice sur les bulimes de la Nouvelle-Calédonie, et description de deux espèces nouvelles .*Descriptions de coquilles nouvelles ....
(1826–1898), French conchologist - Nicholas CulpeperNicholas CulpeperNicholas Culpeper was an English botanist, herbalist, physician, and astrologer. His published books include The English Physician and the Complete Herbal , which contain a rich store of pharmaceutical and herbal knowledge, and Astrological Judgement of Diseases from the Decumbiture of the Sick ,...
(1616–1654), English botanist - Allan CunninghamAllan Cunningham (botanist)Allan Cunningham was an English botanist and explorer, primarily known for his travels in New South Wales to collect plants.- Early life :...
(1791–1839), English botanist - William CurtisWilliam CurtisWilliam Curtis was an English botanist and entomologist, who was born at Alton, Hampshire.Curtis began as an apothecary, before turning his attention to botany and other natural history. The publications he prepared effectively reached a wider audience than early works on the subject had intended...
(1746–1799), English botanist - Georges CuvierGeorges CuvierGeorges Chrétien Léopold Dagobert Cuvier or Jean Léopold Nicolas Frédéric Cuvier , known as Georges Cuvier, was a French naturalist and zoologist...
(1769–1832), French naturalist
D
- Valerie DaggettValerie DaggettValerie Daggett is a professor of bioengineering at the University of Washington in Seattle, Washington, United States. She received her Ph.D. from the University of California, San Francisco, advised by Irwin Kuntz and Peter Kollman, and subsequently held a postdoctoral position with Michael...
, American bioengineer - Anders DahlAnders DahlAnders Dahl was a Swedish botanist and student of Carolus Linnaeus. The dahlia flower is named after him.In 1770, Dahl entered Uppsala University as a freshman ....
(1751–1789), namesake of the Dahlia - W.H. Dall (1845–1927), American naturalist and malacologist.
- Charles DarwinCharles DarwinCharles Robert Darwin FRS was an English naturalist. He established that all species of life have descended over time from common ancestry, and proposed the scientific theory that this branching pattern of evolution resulted from a process that he called natural selection.He published his theory...
(1809–1882), British naturalist - Erasmus DarwinErasmus DarwinErasmus Darwin was an English physician who turned down George III's invitation to be a physician to the King. One of the key thinkers of the Midlands Enlightenment, he was also a natural philosopher, physiologist, slave trade abolitionist,inventor and poet...
(1731–1802), doctor, naturalist, grandfather of Charles - Charles DavenportCharles DavenportCharles Benedict Davenport was a prominent American eugenicist and biologist. He was one of the leaders of the American eugenics movement, which was directly involved in the sterilization of around 60,000 "unfit" Americans and strongly influenced the Holocaust in Europe.- Biography :Davenport was...
(1866–1944), American biologist and eugenicist, founded the Eugenics Record Office at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory - Armand DavidArmand DavidFather Armand David was a Lazarist missionary Catholic priest as well as a zoologist and a botanist.-General Biography:...
(1826–1900), French zoologist and botanist - Bernard DavisBernard DavisBernard David Davis was an American biologist who made major contributions in microbial physiology and metabolism. Davis was a prominent figure at Harvard Medical School in microbiology and in national science policy. He was the 1989 recipient of the Selman A...
(1916–1994), American biologist - Richard DawkinsRichard DawkinsClinton Richard Dawkins, FRS, FRSL , known as Richard Dawkins, is a British ethologist, evolutionary biologist and author...
(born 1941), British evolutionary biologist - Pierre Antoine DelalandePierre Antoine DelalandePierre Antoine Delalande was a French naturalist and explorer.Delalande was employed by the Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle to collect natural history specimens...
(1787–1823), French naturalist - Max DelbrückMax DelbrückMax Ludwig Henning Delbrück was a German-American biophysicist and Nobel laureate.-Biography:Delbrück was born in Berlin, German Empire...
(1906–1981), German physicist and biologist known for work on the replication mechanism of viruses - Richard DellRichard DellDr Richard Kenneth Dell was a New Zealand malacologist. He was born in Auckland. As a young boy, he took an interest in shells, collecting them from the shores of Waitemata Harbour. He even managed to start a "museum" in his backyard...
(1920–2002), New Zealand malacologist - Stefano Delle ChiajeStefano Delle ChiajeStefano Delle Chiaje was an Italian zoologist, botanist, anatomist and physician.Delle Chiaje was curator of the Napoli museum.-References:...
(1794–1860), Italian zoologist - Paul Émile de PuydtPaul Émile de PuydtPaul Émile de Puydt , a writer whose contributions included work in botany and economics, was born and died in Mons, Belgium.As a botanist, he notably wrote on orchids...
(1810–1888), Belgian botanist - René Louiche DesfontainesRené Louiche DesfontainesRené Louiche Desfontaines was a French botanist.Desfontaines was born near Tremblay in Brittany. He attended the Collège de Rennes and in 1773 went to Paris to study medicine. His interest in botany originated from lectures at the Jardin des Plantes given by Louis Guillaume Lemonnier...
(1750–1833), French botanist - Gérard Paul DeshayesGérard Paul DeshayesGérard Paul Deshayes was a French geologist and conchologist.He was born in Nancy, his father at that time being professor of experimental physics in the École Centrale of the Meurthe département....
(1795–1875), French geologist and conchologist. - Anselme Gaëtan DesmarestAnselme Gaëtan DesmarestAnselme Gaëtan Desmarest was a French zoologist and author. He was the son of Nicolas Desmarest and father of Anselme Sébastien Léon Desmarest...
(1784–1838), French zoologist - Ernst DieffenbachErnst DieffenbachJohann Karl Ernst Dieffenbach was a German physician, geologist and naturalist, the first trained scientist to live and work in New Zealand, where he travelled widely under the auspices of the New Zealand Company, returning in 1841–42 and publishing in English his Travels in New Zealand in...
(1811–1855), German naturalist - Johann Jacob DilleniusJohann Jacob DilleniusJohann Jacob Dillen Dillenius was a German botanist.Dillen was born at Darmstadt and was educated at the University of Giessen, where he wrote several botanical papers for the Ephemerides naturae curiosorum, and printed, in 1719, his Catalogus plantarum sponte circa Gissam nascentium, illustrated...
(1684–1747), German botanist - Lewis Weston DillwynLewis Weston DillwynLewis Weston Dillwyn, FRS was a British porcelain manufacturer, naturalist and Member of Parliament.He was born in Walthamstow, Essex, the eldest son of William Dillwyn and Sarah Dillwyn...
(1778–1855), British botanist and conchologist - Walter DobrogoszWalter DobrogoszWalter Dobrogosz is a Professor Emeritus of North Carolina State University, best known for his discovery and further research on the probiotic bacterium Lactobacillus reuteri.-Professional life:...
(born 1933), American microbiologist, discoverer of Lactobacillus reuteri - Theodosius DobzhanskyTheodosius DobzhanskyTheodosius Grygorovych Dobzhansky ForMemRS was a prominent geneticist and evolutionary biologist, and a central figure in the field of evolutionary biology for his work in shaping the unifying modern evolutionary synthesis...
(1900–1975), American geneticist and evolutionary biologist - Rembert DodoensRembert DodoensRembert Dodoens was a Flemish physician and botanist, also known under his Latinized name Rembertus Dodonaeus.-Biography:...
(1517–1585), Flemish botanist - Anton DohrnAnton DohrnFelix Anton Dohrn was a prominent German Darwinist and the founder and first director of the Stazione Zoologica, Naples, Italy.-Family history:...
(1840–1909), German marine biologist - David DonDavid DonDavid Don was a Scottish botanist,David Don was born on December 21, 1799, at Doo Hillock, Forfar, Angus, Scotland. He was the younger brother of George Don, also a botanist, their father being George Don of Forfar and his wife Caroline Clementina Stuart...
(1799–1841), British botanist - James DonnJames DonnJames Donn was an English botanist. He was Curator of the Cambridge University Botanic Gardens, Cambridge, from 1790 until his death. His most important work was Hortus Cantabrigensis, first published in 1796 but with several later, much expanded, editions.A grandson was the English composer...
(1758–1813), English botanist - Jean DorstJean DorstProfessor Dr Jean Dorst was a French ornithologist.Dorst was born at Mulhouse and studied biology and paleontology at the Faculty of Sciences of the University of Paris. In 1947 he joined the staff of the Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle...
(1924–2001), French ornithologist - Henry Doubleday (1808–1875), British entomologist
- David DouglasDavid DouglasDavid Douglas was a Scottish botanist. He worked as a gardener, and explored the Scottish Highlands, North America, and Hawaii, where he died.-Early life:...
(1799–1834), Scottish botanist - Jonas C. Dryander (1748–1810), Swedish botanist
- Félix DujardinFélix Dujardin-External sources:* @ Encyclopædia Britannica Online...
(1802–1860), biologist - Renato DulbeccoRenato DulbeccoRenato Dulbecco is an Italian virologist who won a 1975 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work on reverse transcriptase. In 1973 he was awarded the Louisa Gross Horwitz Prize from Columbia University together with Theodore Puck and Harry Eagle. Dulbecco was the recipient of the Selman A...
(born 1914), biologist - Ronald DumanRonald DumanRonald S. Duman is a Professor of Psychiatry and Pharmacology Director, Division of Molecular Psychiatry and Abraham Ribicoff Research Facilities at Yale University.-Education:...
, Biological psychiatryBiological psychiatryBiological psychiatry, or biopsychiatry is an approach to psychiatry that aims to understand mental disorder in terms of the biological function of the nervous system. It is interdisciplinary in its approach and draws on sciences such as neuroscience, psychopharmacology, biochemistry, genetics and... - André Marie Constant DumérilAndré Marie Constant DumérilAndré Marie Constant Duméril was a French zoologist. He was professor of anatomy at the Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle from 1801 to 1812, when he became professor of herpetology and ichthyology...
(1774–1860), French zoologist - Michel Felix DunalMichel Félix DunalMichel Felix Dunal was a French botanist. He was professor of botany in Montpellier, France. He held the chair of Medical Natural History from 1816 to 1819...
(1789–1856), French botanist - Robin DunbarRobin DunbarRobin Ian MacDonald Dunbar is a British anthropologist and evolutionary psychologist and a specialist in primate behaviour. He is currently Professor of Evolutionary Anthropology and the Director of the Institute of Cognitive and Evolutionary Anthropology of the University of Oxford and the...
(born 1947), Italian virologist - Gerald DurrellGerald DurrellGerald "Gerry" Malcolm Durrell, OBE was a naturalist, zookeeper, conservationist, author and television presenter...
(1925–1995), British naturalist
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- Sylvia EarleSylvia EarleSylvia Alice Earle is an American oceanographer. She was chief scientist for the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration from 1990–1992. She is a National Geographic explorer-in-residence, sometimes called "Her Deepness" or "The Sturgeon General".-Education and career:Earle received a...
(born 1935), American oceanographer - John Carew EcclesJohn Carew EcclesJohn Carew Eccles, AC FRS FRACP FRSNZ FAAS was an Australian neurophysiologist who won the 1963 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work on the synapse. He shared the prize with Andrew Huxley and Alan Lloyd Hodgkin....
(1903–1997), Australian neurophysiologist and winner of the 1963 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work on the synapse - Christian Friedrich EcklonChristian Friedrich EcklonChristian Friedrich Ecklon was a Danish botanical collector and apothecary.Ecklon collected extensively in South Africa. His first visit was in 1823, as first an apothecary's apprentice and then pharmacist, looking for plants with medicinal value...
(1795–1868), Danish botanist (abbr. in botany: Eckl.) - Gerald EdelmanGerald EdelmanGerald Maurice Edelman is an American biologist who shared the 1972 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for work with Rodney Robert Porter on the immune system. Edelman's Nobel Prize-winning research concerned discovery of the structure of antibody molecules...
(born 1929), Nobel Prize for immunology work, later work in neuroscience - George Edwards (1693–1773), British naturalist
- Christian Gottfried EhrenbergChristian Gottfried EhrenbergChristian Gottfried Ehrenberg , German naturalist, zoologist, comparative anatomist, geologist, and microscopist, was one of the most famous and productive scientists of his time.- Early collections :...
(1795–1876), German biologist and microscopist - Paul EhrlichPaul EhrlichPaul Ehrlich was a German scientist in the fields of hematology, immunology, and chemotherapy, and Nobel laureate. He is noted for curing syphilis and for his research in autoimmunity, calling it "horror autotoxicus"...
(1854–1915), German Nobel Prize-winning immunologist - Karl EichwaldKarl EichwaldKarl Eduard von Eichwald was a Russian geologist and physician.Eichwald was a Baltic German born at Mitau in Courland...
(1795–1876), Russian geologist and physician - Theodor EimerTheodor EimerGustav Heinrich Theodor Eimer was a German zoologist.Eimer was born in Zurich. After spending his junior faculty years as prosector at Julius-Maximillian's University in Würzburg, he became in 1875 a professor of zoology and comparative anatomy at the University of Tübingen.He is credited with...
(1843–1898), German zoologist - George Eliava (1892-1937), Georgian microbiologist
- Daniel Giraud ElliotDaniel Giraud ElliotDaniel Giraud Elliot was an American zoologist.Elliot was one of the founders of the American Museum of Natural History in New York and the American Ornithologists' Union. He was also curator of zoology at the Field Museum in Chicago.Elliot used his wealth to publish a series of sumptuous...
(1835–1915), American zoologist - Günther EnderleinGünther EnderleinGünther Enderlein was a German zoologist, entomologist and later a manufacturer of pharmaceutical products. Enderlein got some international renown because of his insect research but in Germany he became famous because of his concept of the pleomorphism of microorganisms and his hypotheses about...
(1872–1968), German zoologist and entomologist - Stephan Ladislaus EndlicherStephan Ladislaus EndlicherStephan Ladislaus Endlicher was an Austrian botanist, numismatist and Sinologist. He was a director of the Botanical Garden of Vienna. He was born in Pressburg and died in Vienna....
(1804–1849), Austrian botanist (abbr. in botany: Endl.) - Michael S. EngelMichael S. EngelMichael S. Engel is an American paleontologist and entomologist. He has undertaken field work in Central Asia, Asia Minor, and the Western Hemisphere, and published more than 300 papers in scientific journals. He was trained at the University of Kansas where in 1993 he received a B.S. in Cellular...
(born 1971), American paleontologist and entomologist - George EngelmannGeorge EngelmannGeorge Engelmann, also known as Georg Engelmann, was a German-American botanist. He was instrumental in describing the flora of the west of North America, then very poorly-known; he was particularly active in the Rocky Mountains and northern Mexico.-Origins:George Engelmann was born in Frankfurt...
(1809–1884), German-American botanist - Adolf EnglerAdolf EnglerHeinrich Gustav Adolf Engler was a German botanist. He is notable for his work on plant taxonomy and phytogeography, like Die Natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien , edited with Karl A. E...
(1844–1930), German botanist (abbr. in botany: Engl.) - Johann Christian Polycarp ErxlebenJohann Christian Polycarp ErxlebenJohann Christian Polycarp Erxleben was a German naturalist from Quedlinburg.Erxleben was Professor of physics and veterinary medicine at the University of Göttingen. He wrote Anfangsgründe der Naturlehre and Systema regni animalis...
(1744–1777), German naturalist. - Johann Friedrich von EschscholtzJohann Friedrich von EschscholtzJohann Friedrich Eschscholtz was a Livonian physician, botanist, zoologist and entomologist.Eschscholtz was born in Dorpat , Governorate of Livonia in the Russian Empire...
(1793–1831), Baltic German biologist and explorer, namesake of the California poppy - Constantin von EttingshausenConstantin von EttingshausenConstantin Freiherr von Ettingshausen was an Austrian geologist and botanist....
(1826–1897), Austrian botanist - Warren EwensWarren EwensWarren Ewens FRS, FAA is an Australian-born professor of biology at the University of Pennsylvania. He concentrates his research on the mathematical, statistical and theoretical aspects of population genetics. Ewens has worked in human population genetics, computational biology, and evolutionary...
, American mathematical population geneticist - Thomas Campbell EytonThomas Campbell EytonThomas Campbell Eyton JP, DL was an English naturalist whose fields were cattle, fishes and birds. He was a friend and correspondent of Charles Darwin though he opposed his theories....
(1809–1880), English naturalist
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- Jean Henri FabreJean Henri FabreJean-Henri Casimir Fabre was a French entomologist and author.-Life:Fabre was born in Saint-Léons in Aveyron, France....
(1823–1915), French entomologist - Johan Christian FabriciusJohan Christian FabriciusJohan Christian Fabricius was a Danish zoologist, specialising in "Insecta", which at that time included all arthropods: insects, arachnids, crustaceans and others...
(1745–1808), Danish entomologist - David FairchildDavid FairchildDavid Grandison Fairchild was an American botanist and plant explorer. Fairchild was responsible for the introduction of more than 200,000 exotic plants and varieties of established crops into the United States, including soybeans, pistachios, mangos, nectarines, dates, bamboos, and flowering...
(1869–1954), American botanist - Hugh FalconerHugh FalconerHugh Falconer MD FRS was a Scottish geologist, botanist, palaeontologist and paleoanthropologist. He studied the flora, fauna and geology of India, Assam and Burma, and was the first to suggest the modern evolutionary theory of punctuated equilibrium...
(1808–1865), Scottish paleontologist - Leonardo FeaLeonardo FeaLeonardo Fea was an Italian explorer, zoologist, painter and naturalist.Fea was born in Turin, and became an assistant at the Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova the Museum of Natural History in Genoa...
(1852–1903), Italian zoologist - Christoph FeldeggChristoph FeldeggBaron Christoph Feldegg was an Austrian army officer and naturalist.Feldegg fought in the Napoleonic wars and in recognition of his many gallant deeds was created a Baron in 1817. He served in Dalmatia, eventually becoming Colonel and Commanding Officer of the 6th Battalion of Chaseurs.Feldegg...
(1780–1845), Austrian naturalist - Lewis J. FeldmanLewis J. FeldmanLewis Jeffrey Feldman is a professor of plant biology at the University of California, Berkeley and is Associate Dean for Academic Affairs in the College of Natural Resources. He is in the Department of Plant and Microbial Biology. Feldman has taught at Berkeley since 1978. He received Berkeley's...
(born 1945), American botanist - Howard Barraclough (Barry) FellBarry FellBarry Fell was a professor of invertebrate zoology at the Harvard Museum of Comparative Zoology. His primary research was on starfish and sea urchins...
(1917–1994), English zoologist and pre-Columbian contact theorist - Sérgio Ferreira (born 1934), Brazilian pharmacologist
- Harold John FinlayHarold John FinlayHarold John Finlay was a New Zealand palaeontologist and conchologist. He was born in Comilla, India , on 22 March 1901....
(1901–1951), New Zealand palaeontologist and conchologist - Otto FinschOtto FinschFriedrich Hermann Otto Finsch was a German ethnographer, naturalist and colonial explorer.-Biography:...
(1839–1917), German naturalist - Johann Fischer von WaldheimJohann Fischer von WaldheimJohann Gotthelf Fischer von Waldheim was a German anatomist, entomologist and paleontologist....
(1771–1853), German entomologist - James FisherJames FisherJames Maxwell McConnell Fisher was a British author, editor, broadcaster, naturalist and ornithologist...
(1922–1970), English ornithologist - Ronald FisherRonald FisherSir Ronald Aylmer Fisher FRS was an English statistician, evolutionary biologist, eugenicist and geneticist. Among other things, Fisher is well known for his contributions to statistics by creating Fisher's exact test and Fisher's equation...
(1890–1962), British biologist and statistician, one of the founders of population genetics - Tim FlanneryTim FlanneryTimothy Fridtjof Flannery is an Australian mammalogist, palaeontologist, environmentalist and global warming activist....
(1956-), Australian biologist - Jim FleggJim FleggDr Jim Flegg OBE is a British ornithologist and writer on bird-related matters. He is also a former director of the British Trust for Ornithology. He joined the Rochester and District Natural History Society as a junior member. As an ornithologist, he became well-known, and became president of Kent...
, British ornithologist - Alexander FlemingAlexander FlemingSir Alexander Fleming was a Scottish biologist and pharmacologist. He wrote many articles on bacteriology, immunology, and chemotherapy...
(1881–1955), British medical scientist - Walther FlemmingWalther FlemmingWalther Flemming was a German biologist and a founder of cytogenetics.He was born in Sachsenberg near Schwerin as the fifth child and only son of the psychiatrist Carl Friedrich Flemming and his second wife, Auguste Winter...
(1843–1905), German physician and anatomist, discoverer of mitosis and chromosomes - Thomas Bainbrigge FletcherThomas Bainbrigge FletcherThomas Bainbrigge Fletcher was an English entomologist. He was a naval paymaster until 1910 and was later appointed Imperial entomologist in India, succeeding Harold Maxwell-Lefroy. He took great interest in various aspects of entomology in India, especially those of economic importance. He also...
(1878–1950), English entomologist - Howard Walter FloreyHoward Walter FloreyHoward Walter Florey, Baron Florey OM FRS was an Australian pharmacologist and pathologist who shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1945 with Sir Ernst Boris Chain and Sir Alexander Fleming for his role in the making of penicillin. Florey's discoveries are estimated to have saved...
(1898–1968), pharmacologist who was the co-inventor of penicillin - Brian J. FordBrian J. FordBrian J. Ford is an independent research biologist, author, and lecturer, who publishes on scientific issues for the general public...
(born 1939), British biologist and writer - E. B. Ford (1901–1988), British ecological geneticist
- Peter ForsskålPeter ForsskålPeter Forsskål, sometimes spelled Pehr Forsskål, Peter Forskaol, Petrus Forskål or Pehr Forsskåhl, was a Swedish explorer, orientalist, naturalist and an apostle of Carl Linnaeus.-Early life:...
(1732–1763), Swedish naturalist - Georg ForsterGeorg ForsterJohann Georg Adam Forster was a German naturalist, ethnologist, travel writer, journalist, and revolutionary. At an early age, he accompanied his father on several scientific expeditions, including James Cook's second voyage to the Pacific...
(1754–1794), German naturalist (abbr. in botany: G.Forst.) - Johann Reinhold ForsterJohann Reinhold ForsterJohann Reinhold Forster was a German Lutheran pastor and naturalist of partial Scottish descent who made contributions to the early ornithology of Europe and North America...
(1729–1798), German naturalist - Robert FortuneRobert FortuneRobert Fortune was a Scottish botanist and traveller best known for introducing tea plants from China to India.-Travels and botanical introductions to Europe:Fortune was born in Kelloe, Berwickshire...
(1813–1880), Scottish botanist - Dian FosseyDian FosseyDian Fossey was an American zoologist who undertook an extensive study of gorilla groups over a period of 18 years. She studied them daily in the mountain forests of Rwanda, initially encouraged to work there by famous anthropologist Louis Leakey...
(1932–1985), American zoologist - Rosalind FranklinRosalind FranklinRosalind Elsie Franklin was a British biophysicist and X-ray crystallographer who made critical contributions to the understanding of the fine molecular structures of DNA, RNA, viruses, coal and graphite...
(1920–1958), contributor to the discovery of the structure of DNA - Francisco Freire Allemão e CysneiroFrancisco Freire Allemão e CysneiroFrancisco Freire Allemão e Cysneiro was a Brazilian botanist who collected in northeast Brazil and along the Rio de Janeiro. His association with the Brazilian National Museum in Rio de Janeiro took place at a time when Brazilian botany was dominated by foreigners.Among his many duties as...
(1797–1874), Brazilian botanist - Elias Magnus FriesElias Magnus Fries-External links:*, Authors of fungal names, Mushroom, the Journal of Wild Mushrooming.*...
(1794–1878), one of the founders of modern mushroom taxonomy - Karl von FrischKarl von FrischKarl Ritter von Frisch was an Austrian ethologist who received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1973, along with Nikolaas Tinbergen and Konrad Lorenz....
(1886–1982), Austrian ethologist and Nobel laureate, best known for pioneering studies of bees - Imre FrivaldszkyImre FrivaldszkyDr Emerich Frivaldszky von Frivald was a Hungarian botanist and entomologist.-Biography:...
(1799–1870), Hungarian botanist - Leonhart FuchsLeonhart FuchsLeonhart Fuchs , sometimes spelled Leonhard Fuchs, was a German physician and one of the three founding fathers of botany, along with Otto Brunfels and Hieronymus Bock .-Biography:...
(1501–1566), German botanist - José María de la Fuente Morales (1855–1932), Spanish biologist
- Louis Agassiz FuertesLouis Agassiz FuertesLouis Agassiz Fuertes was an American ornithologist, illustrator and artist.-Biography:Fuertes was the son of Estevan and Mary Stone Perry Fuertes....
(1874–1927), American ornithologist
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- Joseph GaertnerJoseph GaertnerJoseph Gaertner was a German botanist, best known for his work on seeds, De Fructibus et Seminibus Plantarum ....
(1732–1791), German botanist - François GagnepainFrançois GagnepainFrançois Gagnepain was a French botanist. The standard botanical author abbreviation Gagnep. is applied to plants described by Gagnepain.-References:...
(1866–1952), French botanist - Joseph Paul GaimardJoseph Paul GaimardJoseph Paul Gaimard was a French naval surgeon and naturalist.Along with Jean René Constant Quoy he served as naturalist on the ships L'Uranie under Louis de Freycinet 1817-1820, and L'Astrolabe under Jules Dumont d'Urville 1826-1829...
(1796–1858), French - Biruté GaldikasBirute GaldikasBirutė Marija Filomena Galdikas, OC , is a primatologist, conservationist, ethologist, and author of several books relating to the endangered orangutan, particularly the Bornean orangutan. Well known in the field of modern primatology, Galdikas is recognized as a leading authority on orangutans...
(born 1946), Canadian primatologist, conducted pioneering studies on orangutans - Robert GalloRobert GalloRobert Charles Gallo is an American biomedical researcher. He is best known for his role in the discovery of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus , the infectious agent responsible for the Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome , and he has been a major contributor to subsequent HIV research.Gallo is the...
(born 1937), American virologist and co-discoverer of HIV - William GambelWilliam GambelWilliam Gambel was an American naturalist and collector.Gambel was born in Philadelphia. In 1838 he travelled with the naturalist Thomas Nuttall on a collecting trip to North Carolina. In March 1841 he set off alone to collect plants for Nuttall. He travelled west, taking a more southerly route to...
(1823–1849), American naturalist - Prosper GarnotProsper GarnotProsper Garnot was a French surgeon and naturalist.Garnot was born at Brest. He was an assistant surgeon under Louis Isidore Duperrey on La Coquille during its circumnavigation of the globe . Along with Rene Primevere Lesson he collected numerous natural history specimens in South America and the...
(1794–1838), French naturalist - Charles Gaudichaud-BeaupréCharles Gaudichaud-BeaupréCharles Gaudichaud-Beaupré was a French botanist.He was born in Angoulême, the son of J-J. Gaudichaud and Rose Gaudichaud. He studied pharmacology at Cognac and Angoulême. He also studied chemistry and herbology.His greatest claim to fame was serving as botanist on a circumglobal expedition from...
(1789–1854), French botanist - Michael GazzanigaMichael GazzanigaMichael S. Gazzaniga is a professor of psychology at the University of California, Santa Barbara, where he heads the new SAGE Center for the Study of the Mind. He is one of the leading researchers in cognitive neuroscience, the study of the neural basis of mind...
, American cognitive neuroscientist, best known for his research on split-brain patients - Howard Scott GentryHoward Scott GentryHoward Scott Gentry was an American botanist recognized as the world's leading authority on the agaves.He worked for the United States Department of Agriculture, and was a research botanist with the Desert Botanical Garden in Phoenix, Arizona after 1971...
(1903–1993), American botanist - John GerardJohn GerardJohn Gerard aka John Gerarde was an English herbalist notable for his herbal garden and botany writing. In 1597 he published a large and heavily illustrated "Herball, or Generall Historie of Plantes", which went on to be the most widely circulated botany book in English in the 17th century...
(1545–1611/12), English botanist - Conrad von Gesner (1516–1565), Swiss naturalist (abbr. in botany: Gesner)
- Luca GhiniLuca GhiniLuca Ghini was an Italian physician and botanist, notable as the creator of the first recorded herbarium, as well as the first botanical garden in Europe....
(1490–1566), Italian botanist - Clelia GiacobiniClelia GiacobiniClelia Giacobini was an Italian microbiologist, and also a pioneer of microbiology applied to conservation-restoration.- Biography :...
(1931-2010), Italian microbiologist, a pioneer of microbiologyMicrobiologyMicrobiology is the study of microorganisms, which are defined as any microscopic organism that comprises either a single cell , cell clusters or no cell at all . This includes eukaryotes, such as fungi and protists, and prokaryotes...
applied to conservation-restoration - John H. GillespieJohn H. GillespieJohn H. Gillespie is an evolutionary biologist interested in theoretical population genetics and molecular evolution. In molecular evolution, he emphasized the importance of advantageous mutations and balancing selection. For that reason, Gillespie is well known for his selectionist stance in the...
, American molecular evolutionist and population geneticist - Charles Henry Gimingham (born 1923), British botanist
- Charles Frédéric GirardCharles Frédéric GirardCharles Frédéric Girard was a French biologist specializing in ichthyology and herpetology.Born in Mulhouse, France, he studied at the College of Neuchâtel, Switzerland as a student of Louis Agassiz. In 1847, he accompanied Agassiz as his assistant to Harvard...
(1822–1895), French biologist, ichthyologist, herpetologist - Johann Friedrich GmelinJohann Friedrich GmelinJohann Friedrich Gmelin was a German naturalist, botanist, entomologist, herpetologist and malacologist.- Education :Johann Friedrich Gmelin was born as the eldest son of Philipp Friedrich Gmelin in 1748 in Tübingen...
(1748–1804), German naturalist (abbr. in botany: J.F.Gmel.) - Johann Georg GmelinJohann Georg GmelinJohann Georg Gmelin was a German naturalist, botanist and geographer.- Early life and education :Gmelin was born in Tübingen, the son of an professor at the University of Tübingen. He was a gifted child and begun attending university lectures at the age of 14. In 1727, he graduated with a medical...
(1709–1755), German naturalist (abbr. in botany: J.G.Gmel.) - Samuel Gottlieb GmelinSamuel Gottlieb GmelinSamuel Gottlieb Gmelin was a German physician, botanist and explorer.- Background :Gmelin was born at Tübingen in a well known family of naturalists. His father was Johann Conrad Gmelin, an apothecary and surgeon. His uncle was Johann Georg Gmelin...
(1744–1774), German botanist (abbr. in botany: S.G.Gmel.) - Frederick DuCane GodmanFrederick DuCane GodmanFrederick DuCane Godman D.C.L., F.R.S., F.L.S., F.G.S., F.R.G.S., F.E.S., F.Z.S., M.R.I., F.R.H.S., M.B.O.U. was an English lepidopterist, entomologist and ornithologist....
(1834–1919), English naturalist and ornithologist - Émil GoeldiÉmil GoeldiÉmil August Goeldi , was a Swiss-Brazilian naturalist and zoologist....
(1859–1917), Swiss-Brazilian naturalist and zoologist - Johann Wolfgang von GoetheJohann Wolfgang von GoetheJohann Wolfgang von Goethe was a German writer, pictorial artist, biologist, theoretical physicist, and polymath. He is considered the supreme genius of modern German literature. His works span the fields of poetry, drama, prose, philosophy, and science. His Faust has been called the greatest long...
(1749–1832), known for his literary works but also a scientist. In biology: his theory of plant metamorphosis stipulated that all plant formation stems from a modification of the Leaf. - Camillo GolgiCamillo GolgiCamillo Golgi was an Italian physician, pathologist, scientist, and Nobel laureate.-Biography:Camillo Golgi was born in the village of Corteno, Lombardy, then part of the Austrian Empire. The village is now named Corteno Golgi in his honour. His father was a physician and district medical officer...
(1843–1926), Italian physician and Nobel prize winner, pioneer in neurobiology - Jane GoodallJane GoodallDame Jane Morris Goodall, DBE , is a British primatologist, ethologist, anthropologist, and UN Messenger of Peace. Considered to be the world's foremost expert on chimpanzees, Goodall is best known for her 45-year study of social and family interactions of wild chimpanzees in Gombe Stream National...
(born 1934), British primatologist, ethologist and anthropologist, best-known for conducting a forty-year study of chimpanzee social and family life. - George GordonGeorge Gordon (botanist)George Gordon was a British botanist. He worked for the London Horticultural Society as Foreman of the Horticultoral Society Gardens at Chiswick, near London....
(1806–1879), British botanist - Philip Henry GossePhilip Henry GossePhilip Henry Gosse was an English naturalist and popularizer of natural science, virtually the inventor of the seawater aquarium, and a painstaking innovator in the study of marine biology...
(1810–1888), English naturalist - Augustus Addison GouldAugustus Addison GouldAugustus Addison Gould was an American conchologist and malacologist.-Biography:...
(1805–1866), American conchologist. - John GouldJohn GouldJohn Gould was an English ornithologist and bird artist. The Gould League in Australia was named after him. His identification of the birds now nicknamed "Darwin's finches" played a role in the inception of Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection...
(1804–1881), English ornithologist - Stephen Jay GouldStephen Jay GouldStephen Jay Gould was an American paleontologist, evolutionary biologist, and historian of science. He was also one of the most influential and widely read writers of popular science of his generation....
(1941–2002), American paleontologist - Alfred GrandidierAlfred GrandidierAlfred Grandidier was a French naturalist and explorer.From a very wealthy family, he and his brother, Ernest Grandidier , undertook a voyage around the world...
(1836–1921), French naturalist and explorer - Guillaume GrandidierGuillaume GrandidierGuillaume Grandidier was a French geographer , ethnologist , zoologist who studied the island of Madagascar.He was the son of the wealthy industrialist Alfred Grandidier also a zoologist and expert on Madagascar...
(1873–1957), French naturalist and explorer son of Alfred Grandidier - Temple GrandinTemple GrandinTemple Grandin is an American doctor of animal science and professor at Colorado State University, bestselling author, and consultant to the livestock industry on animal behavior...
(born 1947), American animal scientist; world-renowned as a designer of humane livestock facilities and for her writings on her experience with autism - Chapman GrantChapman GrantChapman Grant was an American herpetologist, historian, and publisher. He was the last living grandson of United States President Ulysses S. Grant...
(1887–1983), American herpetologist - Pierre-Paul GrasséPierre-Paul GrasséPierre-Paul Grassé, born on November 27, 1895 in Périgueux and died on July 9, 1985, was a French zoologist, author of over 300 publications including the influential 35-volume Traité de Zoologie. He was an expert on termites.- Studies :...
(1895–1985), French zoologist - Asa GrayAsa Gray-References:*Asa Gray. Dictionary of American Biography. American Council of Learned Societies, 1928–1936.*Asa Gray. Encyclopedia of World Biography, 2nd ed. 17 Vols. Gale Research, 1998.*Asa Gray. Plant Sciences. 4 vols. Macmillan Reference USA, 2001....
(1810–1888), American botanist - George Robert GrayGeorge Robert GrayGeorge Robert Gray FRS was an English zoologist and author, and head of the ornithological section of the British Museum, now the Natural History Museum, in London for forty-one years...
(1808–1872), English zoologist - J.E. GrayJohn Edward GrayJohn Edward Gray, FRS was a British zoologist. He was the elder brother of George Robert Gray and son of the pharmacologist and botanist Samuel Frederick Gray ....
(1800–1875), British zoologist - Andrew Jackson GraysonAndrew Jackson GraysonAndrew Jackson Grayson was an American ornithologist and artist.Grayson was the author of Birds of the Pacific Slope , which he considered to be a completion of John James Audubon's Birds of America...
(1819–1869), American ornithologist - William King GregoryWilliam King GregoryWilliam King Gregory was an American zoologist, renowned as a primatologist, paleontologist, and functional and comparative morphologist. He was an expert on mammalian dentition, and a leading contributor to theories of evolution...
(1876–1970), American zoologist - Edward Grey, 1st Viscount Grey of FallodonEdward Grey, 1st Viscount Grey of FallodonEdward Grey, 1st Viscount Grey of Fallodon KG, PC, FZL, DL , better known as Sir Edward Grey, Bt, was a British Liberal statesman. He served as Foreign Secretary from 1905 to 1916, the longest continuous tenure of any person in that office...
(1862–1933), British ornithologist - Jan Frederik GronoviusJan Frederik GronoviusJan Frederik Gronovius was a Dutch botanist notable as a patron of Linnaeus....
(1690–1762), Dutch botanist - Pavel GrošeljPavel GrošeljPavel Grošelj was a Slovenian biologist and writer.- Life and work :Grošelj showed a great interest in the natural sciences and a gift for poetry from an early age. He graduated in biology from the University of Vienna in 1906; the following year he also completed his doctorate there...
(1883–1940), biologist and belletrist - Félix Édouard Guérin-MénevilleFélix Édouard Guérin-MénevilleFélix Édouard Guérin-Méneville was a French entomologist.Guérin-Méneville changed his surname from Guérin in 1836. He was the author of the illustrated work Iconographie du Règne Animal de G. Cuvier 1829–1844, a complement to the work of Georges Cuvier and Pierre André Latreille, which lacked...
(1799–1874), French entomologist - Johann Anton GüldenstädtJohann Anton GüldenstädtJohann Anton Güldenstädt was a Baltic German naturalist and explorer in Russian service....
(1745–1781), German naturalist - Allvar GullstrandAllvar GullstrandAllvar Gullstrand was a Swedish ophthalmologist.Born at Landskrona, Sweden, Gullstrand was professor successively of eye therapy and of optics at the University of Uppsala. He applied the methods of physical mathematics to the study of optical images and of the refraction of light in the eye...
(1862–1930), Swedish ophthalmologist, winner of the 1911 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine "for research on the image formation by the lens of the eye" - Johann Ernst Gunnerus (1718–1773), Norwegian botanist
- Albert C. L. G. GüntherAlbert C. L. G. GüntherAlbert Karl Ludwig Gotthilf Günther FRS, also Albert Charles Lewis Gotthilf Günther , was a German-born British zoologist, ichthyologist, and herpetologist....
(1830–1914), British/German zoologist
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- Ernst HaeckelErnst HaeckelThe "European War" became known as "The Great War", and it was not until 1920, in the book "The First World War 1914-1918" by Charles à Court Repington, that the term "First World War" was used as the official name for the conflict.-Research:...
(1834–1919), German physician, zoologist and evolutionist - Hermann August HagenHermann August HagenHermann August Hagen was a German entomologist who specialised in Neuroptera and Odonata. In 1845 he began to collaborate with Edmond de Sélys Longchamps .-Biography:...
(1817–1893), German entomologist - J. B. S. HaldaneJ. B. S. HaldaneJohn Burdon Sanderson Haldane FRS , known as Jack , was a British-born geneticist and evolutionary biologist. A staunch Marxist, he was critical of Britain's role in the Suez Crisis, and chose to leave Oxford and moved to India and became an Indian citizen...
(1892–1964), British evolutionary biologist and co-founder of population genetics - William Donald Hamilton (1936–2000), British evolutionary biologist
- Sylvanus Charles Thorp HanleySylvanus Charles Thorp HanleySylvanus Charles Thorp Hanley was a British conchologist and malacologist who published the first book on shells using the then new technique of photographs. He authored Conchologia indica with William Theobald which was a treatise on the shells of British India...
(1819–1899), British conchologist and malacologist - Thomas HardwickeThomas HardwickeMajor-General Thomas Hardwicke was an English soldier and naturalist who was resident in India from 1777 to 1823. After returning to England he collaborated with John Edward Gray in the publication of Illustrations of Indian Zoology .At the age of 22, he joined the East India Company...
(1755–1835), English naturalist - Alister Clavering HardyAlister HardySir Alister Clavering Hardy, FRS was an English marine biologist, expert on zooplankton and marine ecosystems...
(1896–1985), English marine biologist and pioneer student of the biological basis of religion - Richard HarlanRichard HarlanRichard Harlan was an American naturalist, zoologist, physicist and paleontologist....
(1796–1843), American naturalist, zoologist, physicist and paleontologist - Denham HarmanDenham HarmanDenham Harman , MD, PhD, FACP, FAAA biogerontologist is Professor emeritus at the University of Nebraska Medical Center. Harman is widely known as the "father of the free radical theory of aging".-Background:...
(born 1916), American biogerontologist, father of the free radical theory of aging - Maarten 't HartMaarten 't HartMaarten 't Hart is a Dutch biologist who studied zoology and ethology at the University of Leiden and taught that subject before becoming a full-time writer in the 1980s. He is the author of many novels, including Het Woeden der Gehele Wereld and De kroongetuige...
(born 1944), Dutch biologist and writer - Ernst HartertErnst HartertErnst Johann Otto Hartert was a German ornithologist. Hartert was born in Hamburg. He was employed by Lionel Walter Rothschild as ornithological curator of his private museum at Tring from 1892 to 1929....
(1859–1933), German ornithologist - Gustav HartlaubGustav HartlaubKarel Johan Gustav Hartlaub was a German physician and ornithologist.Hartlaub was born in Bremen, and studied at Bonn and Berlin before graduating in medicine at Göttingen. In 1840, he began to study and collect exotic birds, which he donated to the Bremen Natural History Museum. He described some...
(1814–1900), German zoologist - Karl Theodor HartwegKarl Theodor HartwegKarl Theodor Hartweg was a German botanist. He collected numerous new species of plants in Colombia, Ecuador, Guatemala, Mexico and California in the United States, collecting for the London Horticultural Society...
(1812–1871), German botanist - William Henry HarveyWilliam Henry HarveyWilliam Henry Harvey was an Irish botanist who specialised in algae.- Biography :William Henry Harvey was born at Summerville near Limerick, Ireland, in 1811, the youngest of 11 children. His father Joseph Massey Harvey, was a Quaker and prominent merchant...
(1811–1866), Irish phycologist - Hans HassHans HassHans Hass is a diving pioneer known mainly for his documentaries about sharks, the energon theory, and his commitment, later in life, to the protection of the environment. He was born in Vienna, Austria.-Early years:...
(born 1919), Austrian biologist - Frederik Hasselquist (1722–1752), Swedish naturalist
- Arthur Hay, 9th Marquess of TweeddaleArthur Hay, 9th Marquess of TweeddaleColonel Arthur Hay, 9th Marquess of Tweeddale , known before 1862 as Lord Arthur Hay and between 1862 and 1876 as Viscount Walden, was a Scottish soldier and ornithologist. He was born at Yester, Gifford, East Lothian. He served as a soldier in India and the Crimea. He succeeded his father to the...
(1824–1878), English ornithologist - James HectorJames HectorSir James Hector was a Scottish geologist, naturalist, and surgeon who accompanied the Palliser Expedition as a surgeon and geologist...
(1834–1907), Scottish geologist, naturalist, and surgeon - Charles HedleyCharles HedleyCharles Hedley was a naturalist, active in Australia and winner of the 1925 Clarke Medal.-Early life:...
(1862–1926), naturalist, active in Australia - Oskar HeinrothOskar HeinrothOskar Heinroth was a German biologist who was one of the first to apply the methods of comparative morphology to animal behaviour, and was thus one of the founders of ethology...
(1871–1945), German biologist, a founder of ethology - Wilhelm HemprichWilhelm HemprichWilhelm Friedrich Hemprich was a German naturalist and explorer.Hemprich was born in Glatz , Prussian Silesia, and studied medicine at Breslau and Berlin...
(1796–1825), German naturalist - Willi HennigWilli HennigEmil Hans Willi Hennig was a German biologist who is considered the founder of phylogenetic systematics, also known as cladistics. With his works on evolution and systematics he revolutionised the view of the natural order of beings...
(1913–1976) German biologist, founder of cladistics - John Stevens HenslowJohn Stevens HenslowJohn Stevens Henslow was an English clergyman, botanist and geologist. He is best remembered as friend and mentor to his pupil Charles Darwin.- Early life :...
(1796–1861), English mineralogist, botanist and clergyman - Johann HermannJohann HermannJohann, or Jean, Hermann was a French physician and naturalist. He was professor of medicine at the University of Strasbourg. He was the author of Tabula affinitatum animalium and Observationes zoologicae quibus novae complures, published posthumously in 1804...
(1738–1800), a French physician and naturalist - Albert William HerreAlbert William HerreAlbert William Christian Theodore Herre was an American ichthyologist and lichenologist.Herre was born in 1868 in Toledo, Ohio....
(1868–1962), an American ichthyologist and lichenologist - Alfred HersheyAlfred HersheyAlfred Day Hershey was an American Nobel Prize-winning bacteriologist and geneticist.He was born in Owosso, Michigan and received his B.S. in chemistry at Michigan State University in 1930 and his Ph.D. in bacteriology in 1934, taking a position shortly thereafter at the Department of Bacteriology...
(1908–1997), American bacteriologist, winner of the 1969 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work on the genetics of viruses - Philip HershkovitzPhilip HershkovitzPhilip Hershkovitz was an American mammalogist. Born in Pittsburgh, he attended the Universities of Pittsburgh and Michigan and lived in South America collecting mammals. In 1947, he was appointed a curator at the Field Museum of Natural History in Chicago and he continued to work there until his...
(1909–1997), American mammalogist noted especially as a primatologist - Leo George HertleinLeo George HertleinLeo George Hertlein was an American paleontologist and malacologist who studied the Recent and fossil mollusks of the eastern Pacific Ocean.Hertlein was born on a farm in Pratt County, Kansas...
(1898–1972), American paleontologist and malacologist - Archibald Vivian Hill (1886–1977), British physiologist, winner of the 1922 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for elucidation of mechanical work in muscles
- Brian Houghton HodgsonBrian Houghton HodgsonBrian Houghton Hodgson was an early naturalist and ethnologist working in British India and Nepal where he was an English civil servant. He described many species, especially birds and mammals from the Himalayas, and several birds were named after him by others such as Edward Blyth...
(1800–1894), English naturalist - Bruno HoferBruno HoferBruno Hofer was a German fishery scientist, credited with being the founder of fish pathology.-Career:Hofer was born in Rhein in East Prussia in 1861, and studied Natural Sciences in Königsberg followed by a habilitation thesis in Munich, for which he carried out limnologic studies on East...
(1861–1916), German fisheries scientist - Johann Centurius HoffmannseggJohann Centurius HoffmannseggJohann Centurius Hoffmann Graf von Hoffmannsegg was a German botanist, entomologist and ornithologist.Hoffmannsegg was born at Rammenau and studied at Leipzig and Göttingen. He travelled through Europe acquiring vast collections of plants and animals. He visited Hungary, Austria and Italy in...
(1766–1849), German botanist, entomologist and ornithologist - Jacques Bernard HombronJacques Bernard HombronDoctor Jacques Bernard Hombron was a French naval surgeon and naturalist.Hombron served on the French voyage of the Astrolabe and Zelee between 1837 and 1840 to investigate the perimeter of Antarctica. He described a number of plants and animals with Honoré Jacquinot.-See also:* European and...
(1798–1852), French naturalist - Leroy HoodLeroy HoodLeroy Hood is an American biologist. He won the 2011 Fritz J. and Dolores H. Russ Prize “for automating DNA sequencing that revolutionized biomedicine and forensic science” and the 2003 Lemelson-MIT Prize for inventing "four instruments that have unlocked much of the mystery of human biology" by...
(born 1939), American biochemist, developed high speed automated DNA sequencer - Robert HookeRobert HookeRobert Hooke FRS was an English natural philosopher, architect and polymath.His adult life comprised three distinct periods: as a scientific inquirer lacking money; achieving great wealth and standing through his reputation for hard work and scrupulous honesty following the great fire of 1666, but...
(1635–1703), British natural philosopher and Secretary to the Royal Society - Joseph Dalton HookerJoseph Dalton HookerSir Joseph Dalton Hooker OM, GCSI, CB, MD, FRS was one of the greatest British botanists and explorers of the 19th century. Hooker was a founder of geographical botany, and Charles Darwin's closest friend...
(1817–1911), British botanist, explorer and Director of Kew Botanic Gardens - William Jackson HookerWilliam Jackson HookerSir William Jackson Hooker, FRS was an English systematic botanist and organiser. He held the post of Regius Professor of Botany at Glasgow University, and was the first Director of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. He enjoyed the friendship and support of Sir Joseph Banks for his exploring,...
(1785–1865), British botanist, Director of Kew Botanic Gardens - John "Jack" Horner (born 1946), American paleontologist, specialized in dinosaurs
- Thomas HorsfieldThomas HorsfieldThomas Horsfield M. D. was an American physician and naturalist.Horsfield was born in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, and studied medicine at the University of Pennsylvania. He was the grandson of Timothy Horsfield, Sr., a colonel and justice of the peace in Bethlehem, and a friend mentioned in Benjamin...
(1773–1859), American naturalist - Bernardo HoussayBernardo Houssay-External links:* * . WhoNamedIt.* . Nobel Foundation....
(1887–1971), Argentine physiologist, winner of the 1947 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for the function of the pituitary hormones in regulating blood sugar (glucose) in animals. - Martinus HouttuynMartinus HouttuynMaarten Houttuyn or Houttuijn , Latinised as Martinus Houttuyn, was a Dutch naturalist.Houttuyn was born in Hoorn, studied medicine in Leiden and moved to Amsterdam in 1753. He published many books on natural history. His areas of interest encompassed Pteridophytes, Bryophytes and Spermatophytes...
(1720–1798), Dutch naturalist - Albert HowardAlbert HowardSir Albert Howard was an English botanist, an organic farming pioneer, and a principal figure in the early organic movement. He is considered by many in the English-speaking world as the father of modern organic agriculture....
(1873–1947), British botanist - Eliot Howard (1873–1940), English ornithologist
- Sarah Blaffer HrdySarah Blaffer HrdySarah Hrdy is an American anthropologist and primatologist who has made several major contributions to evolutionary psychology and sociobiology.-Early life:...
(born 1946), U.S. anthropologist who made contributions to evolutionary psychology and sociobiology - David H. HubelDavid H. HubelDavid Hunter Hubel is the John Franklin Enders Professor of Neurobiology, Emeritus, at Harvard Medical School. He was co-recipient with Torsten Wiesel of the 1981 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, for their discoveries concerning information processing in the visual system; the prize was...
(born 1926), Canadian-Born American neurobiologist, winner of the 1981 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for research on the visual system - François HuberFrançois HuberFrançois Huber was a Swiss naturalist.He was born at Geneva, of a family which had already made its mark in the literary and scientific world: his great-aunt, Marie Huber, was known as a voluminous writer on religious and theological subjects, and as the translator and epitomizer of The Spectator...
(1750–1831), Swiss naturalist - Ambrosius HubrechtAmbrosius HubrechtAmbrosius Arnold Willem Hubrecht was a Dutch zoölogist. He was born in Rotterdam, was educated at the universities of Utrecht, Leyden, Erlangen, and Heidelberg, was Selenka's assistant in zoölogy at Erlangen in 1874, in 1875–1882 was in the Leyden Zoölogical Museum, and in 1882 became professor at...
(1853–1915), Dutch zoologist - William Henry HudsonWilliam Henry HudsonWilliam Henry Hudson was an author, naturalist, and ornithologist.- Life and work :Hudson was born in the Quilmes, a borough of the greater Buenos Aires, in Buenos Aires Province, Argentina, son of settlers of U.S. origin...
(1841–1922), Argentinian-British ornithologist - Alexander von HumboldtAlexander von HumboldtFriedrich Wilhelm Heinrich Alexander Freiherr von Humboldt was a German naturalist and explorer, and the younger brother of the Prussian minister, philosopher and linguist Wilhelm von Humboldt...
(1769–1859), German naturalist and explorer - Allan Octavian HumeAllan Octavian HumeAllan Octavian Hume was a civil servant, political reformer and amateur ornithologist in British India. He was one of the founders of the Indian National Congress, a political party that was later to lead the Indian independence movement...
(1829–1912), British ornithologist - Rob HumeRob HumeRobert `Rob` Hume is an English ornithologist, author and journalist specialising in avian and natural history subjects. From Spring 1989 , until Summer 2009 Robert `Rob` Hume is an English ornithologist, author and journalist specialising in avian and natural history subjects. From Spring 1989...
, British ornithologist - George Evelyn HutchinsonG. Evelyn HutchinsonGeorge Evelyn Hutchinson FRS was an Anglo-American zoologist known for his studies of freshwater lakes and considered the father of American limnology....
(1903–1991), American ecologist and limnologist - Frederick Wollaston HuttonFrederick Wollaston HuttonCaptain Frederick Wollaston Hutton, FRS, was an English scientist who applied the theory of natural selection to explain the origins and nature of the natural history of New Zealand.- Biography :...
(1835–1905), English biologist and geologist, later worked in New Zealand - Julian Sorell Huxley (1887–1975), English zoologist and contributor to the modern evolutionary synthesis; first D-G of UNESCO
- Thomas Henry Huxley (1825–1895), English zoologist and advocate of evolution, agnosticism and scientific education
- Alpheus HyattAlpheus HyattAlpheus Hyatt was an American zoologist and palaeontologist.- Biography :Alpheus Hyatt II was born in Washington, D.C. to Alpheus Hyatt and Harriet Randolph Hyatt...
(1838–1902), American neo-Lamarckian - Libbie HymanLibbie HymanLibbie Henrietta Hyman , was an American zoologist.Born in Des Moines, Iowa, she was the daughter of Joseph Hyman and Sabina Neumann. Hyman's father, a Polish/Russian Jew, adopted the surname when he immigrated to the United States as a youth...
(1888–1969), invertebrate zoologist - Josef HyrtlJosef HyrtlJosef Hyrtl was an Austrian anatomist.Hyrtl was born at Kismarton, in Hungary. He began his medical studies in Vienna in 1831, having received his preliminary education in his native town. His parents were poor, and he had to find some means to help defray the expenses of his medical education...
(1810–1894), Austrian anatomist
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- Hermann von IheringHermann von IheringHermann von Ihering was a German-Brazilian zoologist. He was born at Kiel, Germany, and died at Gießen, Germany. He was the oldest son of Rudolf von Jhering.-Biography:...
(1850–1930), German naturalist - Johann Karl Wilhelm IlligerJohann Karl Wilhelm IlligerJohann Karl Wilhelm Illiger was a German entomologist and zoologist.Illiger was the son of a merchant in Brunswick. He studied under the entomologist Johann Hellwig, and later worked on the zoological collections of Johann Centurius Hoffmannsegg...
(1775–1813), German entomologist - Jan IngenhouszJan IngenhouszJan Ingenhousz or Ingen-Housz FRS was a Dutch physiologist, biologist and chemist. He is best known for showing that light is essential to photosynthesis and thus having discovered photosynthesis. He also discovered that plants, like animals, have cellular respiration...
(1730–1799), Dutch-born British botanist - Tom IredaleTom IredaleTom Iredale was an English-born ornithologist and malacologist who had a long association with Australia, where he lived for most of his life. He was an autodidact who never went to university and lacked formal training...
(1880–1972), English conchologist and ornithologist - Paul Erdmann IsertPaul Erdmann IsertPaul Erdmann Isert was a German botanist. Isert was born in Angermünde/Brandenburg, but educated in [Berlin]. He was the first scientist to identify the bird Red Bishop Paul Erdmann Isert (1756 – January 21, 1789) was a German botanist. Isert was born in Angermünde/Brandenburg, but educated in...
(1756–1789), German botanist
J
- François JacobFrançois JacobFrançois Jacob is a French biologist who, together with Jacques Monod, originated the idea that control of enzyme levels in all cells occurs through feedback on transcription. He shared the 1965 Nobel Prize in Medicine with Jacques Monod and André Lwoff.-Childhood and education:François Jacob is...
(born 1920), French Biologist, Nobel Prize - Nikolaus Joseph von JacquinNikolaus Joseph von JacquinNikolaus Joseph Freiherr von Jacquin or Baron Nikolaus von Jacquin. was a scientist who studied medicine, chemistry and botany....
(1727–1817), Dutch-born Austrian botanist - Honoré JacquinotHonoré JacquinotHonoré Jacquinot was a French surgeon and zoologist. Jacquinot was the younger brother of the naval officer Charles Hector Jacquinot, and sailed with him as a naturalist on La Zelee on Dumont d'Urville's Astrolabe expedition . With J. B...
(1815–1887), French surgeon and zoologist - Daniel H. JanzenDaniel JanzenDaniel Hunt Janzen is an evolutionary ecologist, naturalist, and conservationist and the son of a previous Director of the US Fish and Wildlife Service...
(born 1939), American entomologist and ecologist - William JardineWilliam Jardine (naturalist)Sir William Jardine, 7th Baronet of Applegirth, Dumfriesshire was a Scottish naturalist.-Work:...
(1800–1874), Scottish naturalist - Feliks Pawel JarockiFeliks Pawel JarockiFeliks Paweł Jarocki was a Polish zoologist and entomologist.-Life:Jarocki was a Doctor of Liberal Arts and Philosophy. He organized and managed the Zoological Cabinet of the Royal University of Warsaw from 1819 to 1862. The collection was based on that of Baron Sylwiusz Minckwitz, which included...
(1790–1865), Polish zoologist - Thomas C. JerdonThomas C. JerdonThomas Caverhill Jerdon was a British physician, zoologist and botanist. He is best remembered for his pioneering works on the ornithology of India...
(1811–1872), British zoologist and botanist - Wilhelm JohannsenWilhelm JohannsenWilhelm Johannsen was a Danish botanist, plant physiologist and geneticist. He was born in Copenhagen. While very young, he was apprenticed to a pharmacist and worked in Denmark and Germany beginning in 1872 until passing his pharmacist's exam in 1879...
(1857–1927), (coined the term gene) - David Starr JordanDavid Starr JordanDavid Starr Jordan, Ph.D., LL.D. was a leading eugenicist, ichthyologist, educator and peace activist. He was president of Indiana University and Stanford University.-Early life and education:...
(1851–1931), ichthyologist, 1st president of Stanford - Félix Pierre JousseaumeFélix Pierre JousseaumeFélix Pierre Jousseaume was a French zoologist and malacologist. He studied medicine in Paris where he then practised. His thesis was Des Végétaux parasites de l'Homme...
(1835–1921), was a French zoologist and malacologist - Adrien-Henri de JussieuAdrien-Henri de JussieuAdrien-Henri de Jussieu was a French botanist.Born in Paris as the son of botanist Antoine Laurent de Jussieu, he received the degree of Doctor of Medicine in 1824 with a treatise of the plant family Euphorbiaceae. When his father retired in 1826, he succeeded him at the Jardin des Plantes; in...
(1797–1853), French botanist - Antoine de JussieuAntoine de JussieuAntoine de Jussieu was a French naturalist.Jussieu was born in Lyon, the son of Christophe de Jussieu , an apothecary of some repute, who published a Nouveau traité de la theriaque . Antoine studied at the university of Montpellier, and travelled with his brother Bernard through Spain, Portugal...
(1686–1758), French naturalist - Antoine Laurent de JussieuAntoine Laurent de JussieuAntoine Laurent de Jussieu was a French botanist, notable as the first to propose a natural classification of flowering plants; much of his system remains in use today.-Life:...
(1748–1836), botanist, biologist (abbr. in botany: Juss.) - Bernard de JussieuBernard de JussieuBernard de Jussieu was a French naturalist, younger brother of Antoine de Jussieu.Bernard de Jussieu was born in Lyon...
(1699–1777), French naturalist - Ernest Everett JustErnest Everett JustErnest Everett Just was a pioneering African American biologist, academic and science writer. Just's primary legacy is his recognition of the fundamental role of the cell surface in the development of organisms...
(1883–1941), American biologist
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- Zbigniew KabataZbigniew KabataZbigniew 'Bobo' Kabata, CM is a highly respected parasitologist, veteran of the Polish Armia Krajowa during World War II, poet, fisherman, translator and scientific administrator.-Early life:...
(born 1924), Polish parasitologist - Pehr KalmPehr KalmPehr Kalm was a Swedish-Finnish explorer, botanist, naturalist, and agricultural economist. He was one of most important apostles of Carl Linnaeus...
(1716–1779), Swedish botanist - Eric R. KandelEric R. KandelEric Richard Kandel is an American neuropsychiatrist who was a recipient of the 2000 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his research on the physiological basis of memory storage in neurons...
(born 1929), Austrian-born American neuroscientist. Winner of the 2000 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work on the neural correlates of memory - Gustav Karl Wilhelm Hermann KarstenGustav Karl Wilhelm Hermann KarstenGustav Karl Wilhelm Hermann Karsten was a German botanist and geologist. Born in Stralsund, he followed the example of Alexander von Humboldt and traveled 1844-56 to the north of South America. He died 1908 in Berlin-Grunewald....
(1817–1908), German botanist - Stuart KauffmanStuart KauffmanStuart Alan Kauffman is an American theoretical biologist and complex systems researcher concerning the origin of life on Earth...
(born 1939), biologist widely known for his promotion of self-organization as a factor in producing the complexity of biological systems and organisms - Johann Jakob KaupJohann Jakob KaupJohann Jakob Kaup was a German naturalist.-Biography:He was born at Darmstadt. After studying at Göttingen and Heidelberg he spent two years at Leiden, where his attention was specially devoted to the amphibians and fishes. He then returned to Darmstadt as an assistant in the grand ducal museum,...
(1803–1873), German naturalist - Janet KearJanet KearJanet Kear , OBE, was an English ornithologist.Kear was born in London, and was educated at Walthamstow Hall, Sevenoaks, Caspar Junior College, Wyoming, King's College London and then Girton College, Cambridge where she obtained her Ph.D...
(1933–2004), English ornithologist - Gerald A. KerkutGerald A. KerkutGerald Allan Kerkut or G. A. Kerkut was a noted British zoologist and physiologist. He attended the University of Cambridge from 1945 to 1952 and earned a doctorate in zoology. He went on to establish the Department of Physiology and Biochemistry at University of Southampton where he remained...
(1927–2004), British zoologist and physiologist - Anton Kerner von MarilaunAnton Kerner von MarilaunAnton Kerner von Marilaun was an Austrian botanist and professor at the University of Vienna.-Career:Kerner was born in Mautern, Lower Austria, and studied medicine in Vienna followed by an education in natural history, for which he carried out phytosociologic studies in Central Europe...
(1831–1898), Austrian botanist - Robert KerrRobert Kerr (writer)Robert Kerr FRS was a scientific writer and translator from Scotland.Kerr was born in Roxburghshire as the son of a jeweller. He studied medicine at the University of Edinburgh and practised at the Edinburgh Foundling Hospital as a surgeon...
(1755–1813), published The Animal Kingdom in 1792 - Warwick Estevam KerrWarwick Estevam KerrWarwick Estevam Kerr is a Brazilian agricultural engineer, geneticist, entomologist, professor and scientific leader, notable for his discoveries in the genetics and sex determination of bees. The Africanized bee in the western hemisphere is directly descended from 26 Tanzanian queen bees Warwick...
(born 1922), Brazilian geneticist, specialist in bee genetics, introducer of African bees in Brazil - Motoo KimuraMotoo Kimurawas a Japanese biologist best known for introducing the neutral theory of molecular evolution in 1968. He became one of the most influential theoretical population geneticists. He is remembered in genetics for his innovative use of diffusion equations to calculate the probability of fixation of...
(1924–1994), Japanese mathematical biologist, working in the field of theoretical population genetics - Norman Boyd KinnearNorman Boyd KinnearSir Norman Boyd Kinnear was a Scottish zoologist and ornithologist.Kinnear was the son of the wealthy Edinburgh architect Charles George Hood Kinnear and came from the same banking family as Sir William Jardine.While studying at Trinity College, Glenalmond, he worked as a voluntary assistant at...
(1882–1957), Scottish zoologist - William Kirby (1759–1850), English entomologist
- Heinrich von KittlitzHeinrich von KittlitzFriedrich Heinrich Freiherr von Kittlitz was a German artist, naval officer, explorer and naturalist. He was a descendant of a family of old Prussian nobility ....
(1799–1874), German naturalist - Wilhelm KobeltWilhelm KobeltWilhelm Kobelt was a German zoologist born in Alsfeld, Grand Duchy of Hesse. He specialized in the field of malacology.Kobelt is remembered for his work as curator of the Senckenberg Museum in Frankfurt am Main....
(1840-1916), a German zoologist and malacologist - Fritz KöberleFritz KöberleFritz Köberle was an Austrian-Brazilian physician, pathologist and scientist, discoverer of the neurogenic mechanism of the chronic phase of Chagas disease, a human parasitic disease caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, a protozoan.-Life:Fritz Köberle was born in Eichgraben, Austria, and studied medicine...
(1910–1983), Austrian-Brazilian physician and pathologist, student of Chagas disease - Karl KochKarl Koch (botanist)Karl Heinrich Emil Koch was a German botanist. He is best known for his botanical explorations in the Caucasus region, including northeast Turkey. Unfortunately, most of his collections have today been lost. He is also known as the first professional horticultural officer in...
(1809–1879), German botanist - Robert KochRobert KochHeinrich Hermann Robert Koch was a German physician. He became famous for isolating Bacillus anthracis , the Tuberculosis bacillus and the Vibrio cholerae and for his development of Koch's postulates....
(1843–1910), German Nobel Prize-winning physician and bacteriologist - Emil Theodor KocherEmil Theodor KocherEmil Theodor Kocher was a Swiss physician, medical researcher, and Nobel laureate for his work in the physiology, pathology and surgery of the thyroid....
(1841–1917), German physician, winner of the 1909 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for "his work on the physiology, pathology and surgery of the thyroid gland" - Alexander KoenigAlexander KoenigAlexander Ferdinand Koenig was a German naturalist and zoologist.Koenig was born at St Petersburg, Russia where his father was a successful merchant. He grew up in Bonn. Koenig became interested in natural history at an early age and started to collect specimens.He studied zoology at the...
(1858–1940), German naturalist - Albert von KöllikerAlbert von KöllikerAlbert von Kölliker was a Swiss anatomist and physiologist.-Biography:Albert Kölliker was born in Zurich, Switzerland. His early education was carried on in Zurich, and he entered the university there in 1836...
(1817–1905), Swiss physiologist - Charles KonigCharles KonigCharles Dietrich Eberhard Konig or Karl Dietrich Eberhard König was a German naturalist.-Biography:He was born in Brunswick and educated at Göttingen. He came to England at the end of 1800 to organize the collections of Queen Charlotte. On the completion of this work he became assistant to...
(1774–1851), German naturalist - Arthur KornbergArthur KornbergArthur Kornberg was an American biochemist who won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1959 for his discovery of "the mechanisms in the biological synthesis of deoxyribonucleic acid " together with Dr. Severo Ochoa of New York University...
(born 1918), discovered DNA polymerase - Adriaan KortlandtAdriaan KortlandtProf. Dr. Adriaan Kortlandt was a Dutch ethologist.He was famous for his work on displacement activities and the hierarchy of instincts. Already in the thirties he realised the common characteristics between instincts in humans and other animals...
, (born 1918), Dutch ethologist - Albrecht KosselAlbrecht KosselLudwig Karl Martin Leonhard Albrecht Kossel was a German biochemist and pioneer in the study of genetics. He was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1910 for his work in determining the chemical composition of nucleic acids, the genetic substance of biological cells.Kossel...
(1853–1927), German physician and winner of the 1910 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his research in cell biology - Hans Adolf KrebsHans Adolf KrebsSir Hans Adolf Krebs was a German-born British physician and biochemist. Krebs is best known for his identification of two important metabolic cycles: the urea cycle and the citric acid cycle...
(1900–1981), German biochemist and winner of the 1953 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his discovery of the citric acid cycle in cellular respiration - Gerard KrefftGerard KrefftJohann Ludwig Gerard Krefft , one of Australia's first and greatest zoologists and palaeontologists. In addition to many scientific papers, his books include The Snakes of Australia, A Catalogue of the Minerals and Rocks in the Australian Museum and A Short Guide to the Australian Fossil Remains...
(1830–1881), German-born Australian zoologist and palaeontologist - Eduardo KriegerEduardo KriegerEduardo Moacyr Krieger is an influential Brazilian physician, physiologist and scientific leader, current president of the Brazilian Academy of Sciences.-Life:...
(born 1930), Brazilian physician and physiologist - Kewal KrishanKewal KrishanKewal Krishan was a medical practitioner and politician in Punjab, India. He was the Speaker of the Punjab Legislative Assembly ....
(born 1973), Biological Anthropologist, specialized in Forensic Anthropology, serving at Panjab University, Chandigarh, India - Schack August Steenberg KroghAugust KroghSchack August Steenberg Krogh FRS was a Danish professor of Romani background at the department of zoophysiology at the University of Copenhagen from 1916-1945...
(1874–1949), Danish physiologist, winner of the 1920 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for the discovery of the mechanism of regulation of the capillaries in skeletal muscle - Heinrich KuhlHeinrich KuhlHeinrich Kuhl was a German naturalist and zoologist.Kuhl was born in Hanau. He became assistant to Coenraad Jacob Temminck at the Leiden museum. In 1817 he published a monograph on bats and in 1819 he published Conspectus psittacorum...
(1797–1821), German zoologist
L
- Henri LaboritHenri LaboritHenri Laborit was a French physician, writer and philosopher.Laborit was born in Hanoi, Vietnam and started his career as a neurosurgeon in the Marines and then moved on to fundamental research. He won the prestigious Albert Lasker Award for Clinical Medical Research in 1957...
(1914–1995), French surgeon and physiologist - Bernard Germain Étienne de la Ville, Comte de Lacépède (1756–1825), French naturalist
- David LackDavid LackDavid Lambert Lack FRS, was a British evolutionary biologist who made contributions to ornithology, ecology and ethology. His book on the finches of the Galapagos Islands was a landmark work.- Early life :...
(1910–1973), British ornithologist - Frédéric de LafresnayeFrédéric de LafresnayeBaron Nöel Frédéric Armand André de Lafresnaye was a French ornithologist and collector.Lafresnaye was born into an aristocratic family at Chateau de La Fresnaye in Falaise, Normandy. He took an early interest in natural history, particularly entomology...
(1783–1861), French ornithologist - Jean-Baptiste LamarckJean-Baptiste LamarckJean-Baptiste Pierre Antoine de Monet, Chevalier de la Marck , often known simply as Lamarck, was a French naturalist...
(1744–1829), French evolutionist, coined many terms like biology and fossils - Aylmer Bourke LambertAylmer Bourke LambertAylmer Bourke Lambert was a British botanist, one of the first fellows of the Linnean Society.He is best known for his work A description of the genus Pinus, issued in several parts 1803-1824, a sumptuously illustrated folio volume detailing all of the conifers then known...
(1761–1842), British botanist - Hugh LampreyHugh LampreyHugh Lamprey was a British ecologist and bush pilot.He became famous for his UN report on desertification in the African Sahel region, where he stated that "the desert southern boundary has shifted south by an average of 90 to 100 kilometres in the last 17 years"...
(1928–1996), British ecologist - Kai LarsenKai LarsenKai Larsen is a Danish botanist.Kai Larsen is Professor of botany at Århus University, Denmark. He is Danish editor of Flora Nordica, Editor Flora of Thailand, Advisor to Flora of China and Executive member of Flora Malesiana.He is a member of the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters...
(born 1926), Danish botanist - Charles Francis LaseronCharles Francis LaseronCharles Francis Laseron , was an American-born Australian naturalist and malacologist.Charles Laseron was born on 6 December 1887 at Manitowoc, Wisconsin, United States of America, to English parents the Rev...
(1887–1959), an American-born Australian naturalist and malacologist - John LathamJohn Latham (ornithologist)John Latham was an English physician, naturalist and author. He was born at Eltham in Kent, and was the eldest son of John Latham, a surgeon there, and his mother was a descendant of the Sothebys, in Yorkshire....
(1740–1837), English naturalist - Pierre André LatreillePierre André LatreillePierre André Latreille was a French zoologist, specialising in arthropods. Having trained as a Roman Catholic priest before the French Revolution, Latreille was imprisoned, and only regained his freedom after recognising a rare species he found in the prison, Necrobia ruficollis...
(1762–1833), French entomologist - Charles Louis Alphonse LaveranCharles Louis Alphonse LaveranCharles Louis Alphonse Laveran was a French physician.In 1880, while working in the military hospital in Constantine, Algeria, he discovered that the cause of malaria is a protozoan, after observing the parasites in a blood smear taken from a patient who had just died of malaria.He also helped...
(1845–1922), French physician, winner of the 1907 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his discovery that the cause of malaria is a protozoon - George Newbold LawrenceGeorge Newbold LawrenceGeorge Newbold Lawrence was an American businessman and amateur ornithologist.Lawrence conducted Pacific bird surveys for Spencer Fullerton Baird and John Cassin, and the three men co-authored Birds of North America in 1858.Lawrence left his collection of 8,000 bird skins to the American Museum of...
(1806–1855), American ornithologist - William Elford LeachWilliam Elford LeachWilliam Elford Leach FRS was an English zoologist and marine biologist.Leach was born at Hoe Gate, Plymouth, the son of a solicitor. At the age of twelve he went to school in Exeter, studying anatomy and chemistry. By this time he was already collecting marine samples from Plymouth Sound and along...
(1790–1836), English zoologist and marine biologist - Colin LeakeyColin LeakeyColin Louis Avern Leakey is a leading plant scientist in the United Kingdom, a Fellow of King's College, Cambridge and of the Institute of Biology, and a world authority on beans.-Background:...
(born 1933), British tropical botanist and specialist in bean science - Joseph LeConteJoseph LeConteJoseph Le Conte was an American geologist and professor at the University of California, Berkeley.-Biography:...
(1823–1901), physiologist - Antoni van LeeuwenhoekAnton van LeeuwenhoekAntonie Philips van Leeuwenhoek was a Dutch tradesman and scientist from Delft, Netherlands. He is commonly known as "the Father of Microbiology", and considered to be the first microbiologist...
(1632–1723), Dutch biologist, developer of the microscope - François LeguatFrançois LeguatFrançois Leguat was a French explorer and naturalist.Leguat was a French Huguenot originating from the Province of Bresse, now part of the department of Ain, who fled to Holland in 1689 after the revocation of the Edict of Nantes in 1685...
(1637?–1735), French naturalist - Joseph LeidyJoseph LeidyJoseph Leidy was an American paleontologist.Leidy was professor of anatomy at the University of Pennsylvania, and later was a professor of natural history at Swarthmore College. His book Extinct Fauna of Dakota and Nebraska contained many species not previously described and many previously...
(1823–1891), American paleontologist - Johann Philipp Achilles LeislerJohann Philipp Achilles LeislerJohann Philipp Achilles Leisler was a German naturalist.Leisler named a number of birds, including the Temminck's Stint which he named after his friend Coenraad Jacob Temminck. He is commemorated in Leisler's Bat Nyctalus leisleri, first described by Heinrich Kuhl.His daughter, Luise von...
(1771–1813), Dutch naturalist - Juan LembeyeJuan LembeyeJuan Lembeye , was a Spanish naturalist.Lembeye was the author of Aves de la Isla de Cuba , the only book of bird illustrations to be published in Cuba. Born in Galicia, Lembeye lived in Cuba from the 1830s to the 1860s, and became interested in birds while he was there...
(1816–1889), Spanish naturalist - Leonardo Da VinciLeonardo da VinciLeonardo di ser Piero da Vinci was an Italian Renaissance polymath: painter, sculptor, architect, musician, scientist, mathematician, engineer, inventor, anatomist, geologist, cartographer, botanist and writer whose genius, perhaps more than that of any other figure, epitomized the Renaissance...
(1452–1519), known as an artist but also an anatomist. Dissected hundreds of specimens and drew exact copies of them - Jean Baptiste Leschenault de la TourJean Baptiste Leschenault de la TourJean Baptiste Louis Claude Theodore Leschenault de la Tour was a French botanist and ornithologist.Leschenault de la Tour was chief botanist on Nicolas Baudin's expedition to Australia between 1800 and 1803...
(1773–1826), French botanist - Rene Primevere LessonRené-Primevère LessonRené Primevère Lesson was a French surgeon, naturalist, ornithologist, and herpetologist.Lesson was born at Rochefort, and at the age of sixteen he entered the Naval Medical School there...
(1794–1849), French naturalist - Charles Alexandre LesueurCharles Alexandre LesueurCharles Alexandre Lesueur was a French naturalist, artist and explorer.Pictured here is the oil portrait by Charles Willson Peale of Charles-Alexandre Lesueur...
(1778–1846), French naturalist - François Le VaillantFrançois Le VaillantFrançois Levaillant or Le Vaillant was a French author, explorer, naturalist, zoological collector, and noted ornithologist.-Biography:...
(1753–1824), French ornithologist - Richard LewontinRichard LewontinRichard Charles "Dick" Lewontin is an American evolutionary biologist, geneticist and social commentator. A leader in developing the mathematical basis of population genetics and evolutionary theory, he pioneered the notion of using techniques from molecular biology such as gel electrophoresis to...
(born 1929), biologist - Wen-Hsiung LiWen-Hsiung LiWen-Hsiung Li is a Taiwanese American scientist working in the fields of molecular evolution, population genetics, and genomics...
, molecular evolutionary biologist - Emmanuel LiaisEmmanuel LiaisEmmanuel Liais was a French astronomer, botanist and explorer who spent many years in Brazil.He was born in Cherbourg, the son of a wealthy family in the shipbuilding industry....
(1826–1900), French botanist - Martin LichtensteinMartin LichtensteinMartin Hinrich Carl Lichtenstein was a German physician, explorer, zoologist, and herpetologist.-Biography:...
(1780–1867), German zoologist - John LightfootJohn Lightfoot FRSThe Reverend John Lightfoot was an English conchologist and botanist.He was born in Newent, Gloucestershire and educated at Pembroke College, Oxford. He gained a BA in 1756 and an MA in 1766....
(1735–1788), English conchologist and botanist - David R. LindbergDavid R. LindbergDavid R. Lindberg is an American malacologist and professor of integrative biology at the University of California, Berkeley. He is also the Curator for the University of California Museum of Paleontology and co-editor of the journal Molecular Systematics and Phylogeography of Mollusks.Much of his...
, American malacologist and biologist - Aristid LindenmayerAristid LindenmayerAristid Lindenmayer was a Hungarian biologist. In 1968 he developed a formal language that is today called L-systems or Lindenmayer Systems. Using those systems Lindenmayer modelled the behaviour of cells of plants...
(1925–1989), Hungarian biologist - John LindleyJohn LindleyJohn Lindley FRS was an English botanist, gardener and orchidologist.-Early years:Born in Catton, near Norwich, England, John Lindley was one of four children of George and Mary Lindley. George Lindley was a nurseryman and pomologist and ran a commercial nursery garden...
(1799–1865), English botanist - Heinrich Friedrich Link (1767–1850), German botanist (abbr. in botany: Link)
- Carolus LinnaeusCarolus LinnaeusCarl Linnaeus , also known after his ennoblement as , was a Swedish botanist, physician, and zoologist, who laid the foundations for the modern scheme of binomial nomenclature. He is known as the father of modern taxonomy, and is also considered one of the fathers of modern ecology...
(1707–1778), Swedish botanist; father of the binomial nomenclature system (abbr L. or Linn.) - Jacques LoebJacques LoebJacques Loeb was a German-born American physiologist and biologist.-Biography:...
(1859–1924), German-American biologist - Friedrich Loeffler (1852–1915), German biologist
- Konrad Lorenz (1903–1989), Austrian founder of ethology
- Harri LorenziHarri LorenziHarri Lorenzi is a Brazilian agronomic engineer, author on trees of the Atlantic Mata and a collaborating agronomist of the garden of Fazenda Cresciumal, Ruy De Souza Queiroz...
(born 1949), Brazilian botanist - John Claudius LoudonJohn Claudius LoudonJohn Claudius Loudon was a Scottish botanist, garden and cemetery designer, author and garden magazine editor.-Background:...
(1783–1843), English botanist - James LovelockJames LovelockJames Lovelock, CH, CBE, FRS is an independent scientist, environmentalist and futurologist who lives in Devon, England. He is best known for proposing the Gaia hypothesis, which postulates that the biosphere is a self-regulating entity with the capacity to keep our planet healthy by controlling...
(born 1919), English chemist and father of the Gaia hypothesis - Percy LowePercy LowePercy Roycroft Lowe was an English surgeon and ornithologist.Lowe was born at Stamford, Lincolnshire and studied medicine at Jesus College, Cambridge. He served as a civil surgeon in the Second Boer War, and it was whilst in South Africa that he became interested in ornithology...
(1870–1948), English ornithologist - Peter Wilhelm LundPeter Wilhelm LundPeter Wilhelm Lund was a Danish paleontologist, zoologist, archeologist and who spent most of his life working and living in Brazil...
(1801–1880), Danish zoologist and paleontologist - Salvador Luria (1912–1991), microbiologist, Nobel prize winner
- Adolfo LutzAdolfo LutzAdolfo Lutz was a Brazilian physician, 1855-1940, father of tropical medicine and medical zoology in Brazil, and a pioneer epidemiologist and researcher in infectious diseases....
(1855–1940), Brazilian infectologist, pathologist and public health researcher - André Lwoff (1902–1994), French microbiologist, winner of the 1965 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
- Richard LydekkerRichard LydekkerRichard Lydekker was an English naturalist, geologist and writer of numerous books on natural history.-Biography:...
(1849–1915), English naturalist - Trofim LysenkoTrofim LysenkoTrofim Denisovich Lysenko was a Soviet agronomist of Ukrainian origin, who was director of Soviet biology under Joseph Stalin. Lysenko rejected Mendelian genetics in favor of the hybridization theories of Russian horticulturist Ivan Vladimirovich Michurin, and adopted them into a powerful...
(1898–1976), Soviet biologist and agronomist. His denouncement of genetics became known as Lysenkoism.
Ma-Mi
- Jules François MabilleJules François MabilleJules François Mabille was a French malacologist who discovered several species of molluscs....
(1831–1904), French malacologist - John MacadamJohn MacadamDr. John Macadam , was an Australian chemist, medical teacher and politician. The genus Macadamia was named after him in 1857 by his colleague Ferdinand von Mueller....
, Scottish-born Australian botanist - John M. MacDougalJohn M. MacDougalJohn Mochrie MacDougal is an American botanist, noted for his work on the taxonomy of passion flowers, having discovered several varieties.He earned his Bachelor of Science in 1975 at College of Charleston...
(born 1954), American botanist - William MacGillivrayWilliam MacGillivrayWilliam MacGillivray FRSE MWS was a Scottish naturalist and ornithologist.MacGillivray was born in Old Aberdeen and brought up on the island of Harris. He returned to Aberdeen where he attended King's College, graduating MA in 1815. He studied medicine, but did not complete the course...
(1796–1852), Scottish naturalist - Marcello MalpighiMarcello MalpighiMarcello Malpighi was an Italian doctor, who gave his name to several physiological features, like the Malpighian tubule system.-Early years:...
(1628–1694), Italian anatomist and biologist - Ramon MargalefRamón MargalefRamon Margalef i López was Emeritus Professor of Ecology at the Faculty of Biology of the University of Barcelona. Margalef, unquestionably one of the most important scientists that Spain has produced , worked at the Institute of Applied Biology , and at the Fisheries Research Institute, which he...
(1919–2004), Spanish-Catalan biologist and ecologist - Leo MargolisLeo MargolisLeo Margolis, OC, FRSC was a Canadian parasitologist. He was a pioneer in the use of parasites for identification of Pacific Ocean fish stocks...
(1927–1997), Canadian fisheries parasitologist - Lynn MargulisLynn MargulisLynn Margulis was an American biologist and University Professor in the Department of Geosciences at the University of Massachusetts Amherst. She is best known for her theory on the origin of eukaryotic organelles, and her contributions to the endosymbiotic theory, which is now generally accepted...
(born 1938), American microbiologist - Alberto della MarmoraAlberto della MarmoraAlberto Ferrero La Marmora was an Italian soldier and naturalist.Born in Turin, La Marmora was a general in the Napoleonic Wars and was personally decorated by Napoleon I. He was later employed by the King of Sardinia...
(1789–1863), Italian naturalist - Othniel Charles MarshOthniel Charles MarshOthniel Charles Marsh was an American paleontologist. Marsh was one of the preeminent scientists in the field; the discovery or description of dozens of news species and theories on the origins of birds are among his legacies.Born into a modest family, Marsh was able to afford higher education...
(1831–1899), paleontology - Barry MarshallBarry MarshallBarry James Marshall, AC, FRS, FAA is an Australian physician, Nobel Prize laureate in Physiology or Medicine, and Professor of Clinical Microbiology at the University of Western Australia. Marshall is well-known for proving that the bacterium Helicobacter pylori Barry James Marshall, AC, FRS, FAA...
(born 1951), Australian physician and microbiologist, winner of the 2005 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his discovery that most stomach ulcers are caused by a strain of bacteria - Fermín Martín PieraFermín Martín PieraFermín Martín-Piera was a specialist in the taxonomy, systematics, and phylogeny of Scarabaeoidea with special reference to dung beetles.He was also keenly interested in the historical biogeography of these groups...
(1954–2001), Spanish botanist - Carl Friedrich Philipp von MartiusCarl Friedrich Philipp von MartiusCarl Friedrich Philipp von Martius was a German botanist and explorer.Martius was born at Erlangen, where he graduated M.D. in 1814, publishing as his thesis a critical catalogue of plants in the botanic garden of the university...
(1794–1868), German botanist - John MartynJohn Martyn (botanist)John Martyn or Joannis Martyn was an English botanist.Martyn's is best known for his Historia Plantarum Rariorum , and his translation, with valuable agricultural and botanical notes, of the Eclogues and Georgics of Virgil...
(1699–1768), English botanist - Thomas MartynThomas MartynThomas Martyn was an English botanist and Professor of Botany at Cambridge University. He is sometimes confused with the conchologist and entomologist of the same name....
(1735–1825), English botanist, entomologist and conchologist - John MarwickJohn MarwickJohn Marwick MM was a New Zealand palaeontologist and geologist.John Marwick was born near Oamaru, New Zealand, on 3 February 1891, the son of Hugh Marwick, and his wife, Jane née Cuthbert. While at Waitaki Boys' High School he helped to collect fossil shells and learned the beginnings of how to...
(1891–1978), New Zealand palaeontologist and geologist - Francis MassonFrancis MassonFrancis Masson was a Scottish botanist and gardener, and Kew Gardens’ first plant hunter.Masson was born in Aberdeen. In the 1760s he went to work at Kew Gardens as an under-gardener. Masson was the first plant collector to be sent from Kew by the newly-appointed director Sir Joseph Banks...
(1741–1805?), Scottish botanist - Gregory MathewsGregory MathewsGregory Macalister Mathews CBE was an Australian amateur ornithologist.Mathews made his fortune in mining shares, and moved to England around 1900....
(1876–1949), Australian ornithologist - Paul MatschiePaul MatschiePaul Matschie was a German zoologist. He worked at the Zoological Museum in Berlin....
(1861–1926), German zoologist - William Diller MatthewWilliam Diller MatthewWilliam Diller Matthew FRS was a vertebrate paleontologist who worked primarily on mammal fossils....
(1871–1930), American paleontologist - Polly MatzingerPolly MatzingerPolly Celine Eveline Matzinger is an iconoclastic scientist who proposed a novel explanation of how the immune system works, called the danger model.-Early years:...
, American immunologist - Carl MaximowiczCarl MaximowiczCarl Johann Maximowicz was a Russian botanist. Maximowicz spent most of his life studying the flora of the countries he had visited in the Far East, and naming many new species...
(1827–1891), Russian botanist - Harold Maxwell-LefroyHarold Maxwell-LefroyHarold Maxwell-Lefroy was an English entomologist. He was a Professor of Entomology at Imperial College London.-Biography:He was born on 20 January 1877, and attended King's College, Cambridge graduating in 1895....
(1877–1925), English entomologist - Robert MayRobert May, Baron May of OxfordRobert McCredie May, Baron May of Oxford, OM, AC, PRS is an Australian scientist who has been Chief Scientific Adviser to the UK Government, President of the Royal Society, and a Professor at Sydney and Princeton. He now holds joint professorships at Oxford, and Imperial College London...
(born 1936), biologist, physicist, mathematician, President of Royal Society of London 2000–2005 - Ernst MayrErnst MayrErnst Walter Mayr was one of the 20th century's leading evolutionary biologists. He was also a renowned taxonomist, tropical explorer, ornithologist, historian of science, and naturalist...
(1904–2005), evolutionary biologist - Barbara McClintockBarbara McClintockBarbara McClintock , the 1983 Nobel Laureate in Physiology or Medicine, was an American scientist and one of the world's most distinguished cytogeneticists. McClintock received her PhD in botany from Cornell University in 1927, where she was a leader in the development of maize cytogenetics...
(1902–1992), American biologist, winner of a Nobel Prize for her work on the transposon, or "jumping gene" - James V. McConnellJames V. McConnellJames V. McConnell was an American biologist and animal psychologist. He is most known for his research on learning and memory transfer in planarians conducted in the 1950s and 1960s....
(1925–1990), American biological psychologist - Mark McMenaminMark McMenaminMark McMenamin is a tenured professor of geology at Mount Holyoke College. His research is primarily focused on paleontology, particularly the Ediacaran biota....
(born 1958), American paleontologist - Bruce McEwenBruce McEwenBruce McEwen is the Alfred E. Mirsky professor of neuroscience and runs the Harold and Margaret Milliken Hatch Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology at Rockefeller University.-Career:...
Neuroendocrinologist and stress hormone expert - Edmund Meade-WaldoEdmund Meade-WaldoEdmund Gustavus Bloomfield Meade-Waldo was an English ornithologist and conservationist.Meade-Waldo was born in Hever Castle and educated at Eton College and Cambridge University. He collected birds in the Atlas Mountains of Morocco, the Canary Islands and Spain, the presumably-extinct Canarian...
(1855–1934), English ornithologist - Ilya Ilyich MechnikovIlya Ilyich MechnikovIlya Ilyich Mechnikov was a Russian biologist, zoologist and protozoologist, best remembered for his pioneering research into the immune system. Mechnikov received the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1908, shared with Paul Ehrlich, for his work on phagocytosis...
(1845–1916), Russian microbiologist, best known for his work on the immune system and phagocytosis, received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1908 - Johann Wilhelm MeigenJohann Wilhelm MeigenJohann Wilhelm Meigen was a German entomologist famous for his pioneering work on Diptera.-Early years:Meigen was born in Solingen, the fifth of eight children of Johann Clemens Meigen and Sibylla Margaretha Bick. His parents, though not poor, were not wealthy either. The ran a small shop in...
(1764–1845), German entomologist - Gregor MendelGregor MendelGregor Johann Mendel was an Austrian scientist and Augustinian friar who gained posthumous fame as the founder of the new science of genetics. Mendel demonstrated that the inheritance of certain traits in pea plants follows particular patterns, now referred to as the laws of Mendelian inheritance...
(1822–1884), Czech-Austrian monk who is often called the "father of genetics" for his study of the inheritance of traits in pea plants - Edouard MenetriesÉdouard MénétriesÉdouard Ménétries was a French entomologist, zoologist, and herpetologist.Ménétries was born in Paris, and became a student of Georges Cuvier and Pierre André Latreille. On their recommendation he was chosen as the zoologist on a Russian expedition to Brazil in 1822, led by Baron von Langsdorff...
(1802–1861), French entomologist - Maud Leonora Menten, biologist
- Archibald MenziesArchibald MenziesArchibald Menzies was a Scottish surgeon, botanist and naturalist.- Life and career :Menzies was born at Easter Stix in the parish of Weem, in Perthshire. While working with his elder brother William at the Royal Botanic Gardens, he drew the attention of Dr John Hope, professor of botany at...
(1754–1852), Scottish naturalist - Clinton Hart MerriamClinton Hart MerriamClinton Hart Merriam was an American zoologist, ornithologist, entomologist and ethnographer.Known as "Hart" to his friends, Dr. Clinton Hart Merriam was born in New York City in 1855. His father, Clinton Levi Merriam, was a U.S. congressman. He studied biology and anatomy at Yale University and...
(1855–1942), American zoologist and ornithologist - John C. MerriamJohn C. MerriamJohn Campbell Merriam was an American paleontologist. The first vertebrate paleontologist on the West Coast of the United States, he is best known for his taxonomy of vertebrate fossils at the La Brea Tar Pits in Los Angeles, particularly with the genus Smilodon, more commonly known as the...
(1869–1945), American biologist - Franz MeyenFranz MeyenFranz Julius Ferdinand Meyen was a German physician and botanist.Meyen was born in Tilsit. In 1830 he wrote Phytotomie, the first review of plant anatomy...
(1804–1840), German botanist - Rodolphe Meyer de SchauenseeRodolphe Meyer de SchauenseeRodolphe Meyer de Schauensee was an American ornithologist.He was born in Rome, and his family moved to the United States in 1913. He was curator of birds at the Academy of Natural Sciences in Philadelphia for nearly fifty years. He was particularly noted for his study of South American birds...
(1901–1984), American ornithologist - Otto Fritz MeyerhofOtto Fritz Meyerhof-External links:* *...
(1884–1951), German/American physician and biochemist, winner of the 1922 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his research on muscles - Leonor MichaelisLeonor MichaelisLeonor Michaelis was a German biochemist, physical chemist, and physician, known primarily for his work with Maud Menten on enzyme kinetics and Michaelis-Menten kinetics in 1913.-Early life and education:...
(1875–1949), German biologist - André MichauxAndré MichauxAndré Michaux was a French botanist and explorer.-Biography:Michaux was born in Satory, now part of Versailles, Yvelines. After the death of his wife within a year of their marriage he took up the study of botany and was a student of Bernard de Jussieu...
(1746–1802), French botanist - Aleksandr Fyodorovich Middendorf (1815–1894), Russian zoologist
- Nicholai Miklukho-MaklaiNicholai Miklukho-MaklaiNicholay Miklouho-Maclay was a Russian ethnologist, anthropologist and biologist of Ukrainian, German and Polish descent.- Ancestry and early years :...
(1846–1888), Russian marine biologist and anthropologist - Gerrit Smith Miller, Jr.Gerrit Smith MillerGerrit Smith Miller, Jr. was an American zoologist.He was born in Peterboro, New York in 1869. He graduated from Harvard University in 1894 and worked under Clinton Hart Merriam at the United States Department of Agriculture...
(1869–1956), American zoologist. - Jacques MillerJacques MillerJacques Francis Albert Pierre Miller AC FRS is a distinguished research scientist. He is famous for having discovered the function of the thymus and for the identification, in mammalian species of the two major subsets of lymphocytes and their function.-Early life:Miller was born on 2 April 1931,...
(born 1931), Australian immunologist. - John Frederick MillerJohn Frederick MillerJohn Frederick Miller was an English illustrator, mainly of botanical subjects.Miller was the son of the artist Johann Sebastian Müller . Miller, along with his brother James, produced paintings from the sketches made by Sydney Parkinson on James Cook's first voyage...
(1759–1796), English illustrator (primarily of botany) - Kenneth R. MillerKenneth R. MillerKenneth Raymond Miller is a biology professor at Brown University. Miller, who is Roman Catholic, is particularly known for his opposition to creationism, including the intelligent design movement...
(1948-), American evolutionary biologist. - Philip MillerPhilip MillerPhilip Miller FRS was a Scottish botanist.Miller was chief gardener at the Chelsea Physic Garden from 1722 until he was pressured to retire shortly before his death...
(1691–1771), Scottish botanist (abbr. in botany: Mill.) - Alphonse Milne-EdwardsAlphonse Milne-EdwardsAlphonse Milne-Edwards was a French mammalologist, ornithologist and carcinologist. He was English in origin, the son of Henri Milne-Edwards and grandson of Bryan Edwards, a Jamaican planter who settled at Bruges .Milne-Edwards obtained a medical degree in 1859 and became assistant to his father...
(1835–1900), French zoologist - Henri Milne-EdwardsHenri Milne-EdwardsHenri Milne-Edwards was an eminent French zoologist.Henri Milne-Edwards was the 27th child of William Edwards, an English planter and militia colonel in Jamaica and Elisabeth Vaux, a French. He was born in Bruges, Belgium, where his parents had retired. At that time, Bruges was a part of the...
(1800–1885), French zoologist - George Jackson MivartGeorge Jackson MivartSt. George Jackson Mivart PhD M.D. FRS was an English biologist. He is famous for starting as an ardent believer in natural selection who later became one of its fiercest critics. Trying to reconcile Darwin's theory of evolution with the beliefs of the Catholic Church, he ended up being condemned...
(1827–1900), English biologist
Mo-Mu
- Hugo von MohlHugo von MohlHugo von Mohl was a German botanist from Stuttgart.He was a son of the Württemberg statesman Benjamin Ferdinand von Mohl , the family being connected on both sides with the higher class of state officials of Württemberg...
(1805–1872), German botanist - Paul MöhringPaul MöhringPaul Heinrich Gerhard Möhring , aka Paul Mohr, was a German physician, botanist and zoologist.Möhring was physician to the Prince of Anhalt. In 1752 he published Avium Genera, an early attempt to classify bird species, which divided birds into four classes and shows the beginnings of the modern...
(1710–1792), German naturalist - Juan Ignacio MolinaJuan Ignacio MolinaFr. Juan Ignacio Molina was a Chilean Jesuit priest, naturalist, historian, botanist, ornithologist and geographer...
(1740–1829), Chilean naturalist - Jacques MonodJacques MonodJacques Lucien Monod was a French biologist who was awarded a Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1965, sharing it with François Jacob and Andre Lwoff "for their discoveries concerning genetic control of enzyme and virus synthesis"...
(1910–1976), geneticist - George Montagu (1753–1815), English naturalist
- Luc MontagnierLuc MontagnierLuc Antoine Montagnier is a French virologist and joint recipient with Françoise Barré-Sinoussi and Harald zur Hausen of the 2008 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, for his discovery of the human immunodeficiency virus...
(born 1932), French discoverer of HIV - Rita Levi-MontalciniRita Levi-MontalciniRita Levi-Montalcini , Knight Grand Cross is an Italian neurologist who, together with colleague Stanley Cohen, received the 1986 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their discovery of nerve growth factor...
(born 1909), Italian-American neurologist who received the 1986 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for her co-discovery of growth factors - Pierre Dénys de MontfortPierre Denys de MontfortPierre Denys de Montfort, also sometimes spelled "Pierre Dénys de Montfort", was a French naturalist, in particular a malacologist, remembered today for his pioneering inquiries into the existence of the giant squid Architeuthis, which was thought to be an old wives' tale, and for which he was...
(1766–1820), French naturalist - George Thomas MooreGeorge Thomas MooreGeorge Thomas Moore was a U.S. botanist, who specialised in phycology, the study of algae. Moore was the director of the Missouri Botanical Garden in St. Louis, Missouri from 1912 to 1953....
(1871–1956), American botanist - Alfred Moquin-TandonAlfred Moquin-TandonChristian Horace Benedict Alfred Moquin-Tandon was a French naturalist and doctor.Moquin-Tandon was professor of zoology at Marseille from 1829 until 1833, when he was appointed professor of botany and director of the botanical gardens at Toulouse. In 1850, he was sent by the French government to...
(1804–1863), French naturalist - Otto Andreas Lowson MörchOtto Andreas Lowson MörchOtto Andreas Lowson Mörch was a biologist, specifically a malacologist. He lived in Sweden, in Denmark, and in France.- Taxa described :Bibliography and taxa described by Otto Andreas Lowson Mörch include:...
(1828–1878), malacologist - Thomas Hunt MorganThomas Hunt MorganThomas Hunt Morgan was an American evolutionary biologist, geneticist and embryologist and science author who won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1933 for discoveries relating the role the chromosome plays in heredity.Morgan received his PhD from Johns Hopkins University in zoology...
(1868–1945), American geneticist. He worked on the natural history, zoology, and macromutation in the fruit fly Drosophila - Desmond MorrisDesmond MorrisDesmond John Morris, born 24 January 1928 in Purton, north Wiltshire, is a British zoologist and ethologist, as well as a popular anthropologist. He is also known as a painter, television presenter and popular author.-Life:...
(born 1928), British zoologist and biologist - Roger MorseRoger MorseRoger A. Morse, Ph.D. was a bee biologist who taught many beekeepers both the rudiments and the finer practices, through his research and publications. During his long career, three new parasites of the honeybee, acarine mite, varroa mite and African small hive beetle were introduced to the USA...
(1927–2000), professor, researcher, author, on bees/beekeeping - Guy MountfortGuy MountfortGuy Mountfort OBE was an English advertising executive, amateur ornithologist and conservationist.-Biography:...
(1905–2003), English ornithologist - Ladislav MucinaLadislav MucinaLadislav Mucina is an influential vegetation scientist and Professor of Environmental and Aquatic Science at the Curtin University of Technology in Australia...
(born 1956), Slovakian botanist - Ferdinand von MuellerFerdinand von MuellerBaron Sir Ferdinand Jacob Heinrich von Mueller, KCMG was a German-Australian physician, geographer, and most notably, a botanist.-Early life:...
(1825–1896), German-Australian botanist - John MuirJohn MuirJohn Muir was a Scottish-born American naturalist, author, and early advocate of preservation of wilderness in the United States. His letters, essays, and books telling of his adventures in nature, especially in the Sierra Nevada mountains of California, have been read by millions...
(1838–1914), American naturalist - Otto Friedrich MüllerOtto Friedrich MüllerOtto Friedrich Müller, also Mueller was a Danish naturalist.-Biography:Müller was born in Copenhagen. He was educated for the church, became tutor to a young nobleman, and after several years' travel with him settled in Copenhagen in 1767, and married a lady of wealth.His first important works,...
(1730–1784), Danish naturalist (abbr. in botany: O.F.Müll.) - Fritz MüllerFritz MüllerJohann Friedrich Theodor Müller , better known as Fritz Müller, and also as Müller-Desterro, was a German biologist and physician who emigrated to southern Brazil, where he lived in and near the German community of Blumenau, Santa Catarina...
(1821–1897), German-Brazilian naturalist (abbr. in botany: F.J.Müll.) - Hermann Müller (Thurgau)Hermann Müller (Thurgau)Hermann Müller, born October 21, 1850 in Tägerwilen in the canton of Thurgau, died January 18, 1927 in Wädenswil, was a Swiss botanist, plant physiologist, oenologist and grape breeder. He called himself Müller-Thurgau, taking the name of his home canton....
(1850–1927), Swiss botanist and oenologist - Philipp Ludwig Statius MüllerPhilipp Ludwig Statius MüllerPhilipp Ludwig Statius Muller was a German zoologist.Statius Muller was born in Esens, and was Professor of Natural Science at Erlangen. Between 1773 and 1776, he published a German translation of Linnaeus's Natursystem...
(1725–1776), German zoologist - Salomon MullerSalomon MüllerDr Salomon Müller was a German naturalist.Müller was the son of a saddler in Heidelberg. In 1823 Müller, along with Heinrich Boie and Heinrich Christian Macklot, was sent by Coenraad Jacob Temminck to collect specimens in the East Indies. Müller visited Indonesia in 1826, New Guinea and Timor in...
(1804–1864), Dutch naturalist - Kary MullisKary MullisKary Banks Mullis is a Nobel Prize winning American biochemist, author, and lecturer. In recognition of his improvement of the polymerase chain reaction technique, he shared the 1993 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Michael Smith and earned the Japan Prize in the same year. The process was first...
(born 1944), biologist - Otto von MünchhausenOtto von MünchhausenOtto von Münchhausen was a German botanist. He was Chancellor of University of Göttingen and a correspondent of Linnaeus. He named several species of oaks by the Linnean system, as well as other plants....
(1716–1774), German botanist - John MurrayJohn Murray (oceanographer)Sir John Murray KCB FRS FRSE FRSGS was a pioneering Scottish oceanographer, marine biologist and limnologist.-Early life:...
(1841–1914), Scots-Canadian Marine Biologist
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- Gary Paul NabhanGary Paul NabhanGary Paul Nabhan is an agricultural ecologist, ethnobotanist, and writer whose work has focused primarily on the plants and cultures of the desert Southwest. He is considered a pioneer in the local food movement and the heirloom seed saving movement....
(born 1952), co-author of Forgotten Pollinators - Karl Wilhelm von NageliKarl Wilhelm von NägeliKarl Wilhelm von Nägeli was a Swiss botanist. He studied cell division and pollination, but became known as the man who discouraged Gregor Mendel from further work on genetics.-Birth and education:...
(1817–1891), Swiss botanist - Johann Friedrich NaumannJohann Friedrich NaumannJohann Friedrich Naumann was a German scientist and editor.Naumann is regarded as the founder of scientific ornithology in Europe...
(1780–1857), German founder of scientific ornithology - John NeedhamJohn NeedhamJohn Turberville Needham FRS was an English biologist and Roman Catholic priest.He was first exposed to natural philosophy while in seminary school and later published a paper which, while the subject was mostly about geology, described the mechanics of pollen and won recognition in the botany...
(1713–1781), English naturalist - Christian Gottfried Daniel Nees von EsenbeckChristian Gottfried Daniel Nees von EsenbeckChristian Gottfried Daniel Nees von Esenbeck was a prolific German botanist, physician, zoologist, and natural philosopher. He was a contemporary of Goethe and was born within the lifetime of Linnaeus. He described approximately 7,000 plant species...
(1776–1858), German botanist and zoologist - Masatoshi NeiMasatoshi Neiis Evan Pugh Professor of Biology at Pennsylvania State University and Director of the since 1990. He was born in 1931 in Miyazaki Prefecture, on Kyūshū Island, Japan...
, American evolutionary biologist and molecular Population Geneticist - Randolph M. NesseRandolph M. NesseProfessor Randolph M. Nesse, M.D. is an American physician and evolutionary biologist. He is notable for his research on evolutionary psychology and evolutionary medicine, as well as the evolutionary origins of emotions and how natural selection shapes the capacity for mood.Nesse is a professor...
(born 1945), American evolutionary biologist and psychiatrist - Charles F. NewcombeCharles F. NewcombeCharles Frederick Newcombe was a British botanist and ethnographic researcher.-Biography:Newcome was born in Newcastle-upon-Tyne, England, as the eighth of fourteen children...
(1851–1924), British botanist - Alfred NewtonAlfred NewtonAlfred Newton FRS was an English zoologist and ornithologist.Newton was Professor of Comparative Anatomy at Cambridge University from 1866 to 1907...
(1829–1907), English zoologist - Margaret Morse NiceMargaret Morse NiceMargaret Morse Nice was an American ornithologist who made an extensive study of the life history of the Song Sparrow and was author of Studies in the Life History of the Song Sparrow .-Early life:...
(1883–1974), American ornithologist - Henry Alleyne NicholsonHenry Alleyne NicholsonHenry Alleyne Nicholson was a British palaeontologist and zoologist.The son of Dr. John Nicholson, a biblical scholar, was born at Penrith, Cumbria on 11 September 1844. He was educated at Appleby Grammar School and at the universities of Göttingen and Edinburgh...
(1844–1899), British zoologist - Elmer NobleElmer NobleElmer Ray Noble, was professor of zoology at the University of California, Santa Barbara, and an internationally recognized protozoologist and parasitologist....
(1909–2001), American parasitologist - Alfred Merle NormanAlfred Merle NormanAlfred Merle Norman was an English clergyman and naturalist.-Early life:Norman was born in Exeter, England in 1831. His father was a landowner, surgeon and Deputy-Lieutenant of Somerset. He studied the molluscs and plants of Somerset at young age. He studied at Winchester College from 1844 to 1848...
(1831–1918), English clergyman and naturalist - Alfred John NorthAlfred John NorthAlfred John North was an Australian ornithologist.North was born in Melbourne and was educated at Melbourne Grammar School...
(1855–1917), Australian ornithologist - Thomas NuttallThomas NuttallThomas Nuttall was an English botanist and zoologist, who lived and worked in America from 1808 until 1841....
(1786–1858), English botanist and zoologist
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- Nils Hjalmar OdhnerNils Hjalmar OdhnerNils Hjalmar Odhner was a Swedish zoologist who studied mollusks, a malacologist. During his lifetime he was professor of invertebrate zoology at the Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm...
(1884–1973), Swedish zoologist - Eugene P. OdumEugene OdumEugene Pleasants Odum was an American scientist known for his pioneering work on ecosystem ecology. He wrote the first ecology textbook: Fundamentals of Ecology....
(1913–2002), American ecologist - Howard T. OdumHoward T. OdumHoward Thomas Odum was an American ecologist...
(1924–2002), American ecologist - Anders Sandoe Oersted (1816–1872), Danish botanist (abbr. in botany: Oerst.)
- William OgilbyWilliam OgilbyWilliam Ogilby was an Irish barrister and naturalist.Ogilby was honorary secretary of the Zoological Society of London from 1839 to 1846....
(1808–1873), Irish naturalist - William Robert Ogilvie-GrantWilliam Robert Ogilvie-GrantWilliam Robert Ogilvie-Grant was a Scottish ornithologist.-Career:Ogilvie-Grant was educated at Cargilfield and Fettes College, Edinburgh, where he studied zoology and anatomy. In 1882 he became an Assistant at the Natural History Museum. He studied ichthyology under Albert C. L. G...
(1863–1924), Scottish ornithologist - Tomoko OhtaTomoko Ohtais a Japanese scientist working on molecular evolution. In 1956, she graduated from the University of Tokyo. After working on the neutral theory of evolution with her mentor, Motoo Kimura, she became convinced of the importance of the mutations that were nearly neutral. She developed the slightly...
, Japanese molecular evolutionary biologist - Lorenz OkenLorenz OkenLorenz Oken was a German naturalist.Oken was born Lorenz Okenfuss in Bohlsbach in Baden and studied natural history and medicine at the universities of Freiburg and Würzburg. He went on to the University of Göttingen, where he became a Privatdozent , and shortened his name to Oken...
(1779–1851), German naturalist - Giuseppe OliviGiuseppe OliviGiuseppe Olivi was an Italian naturalist.Olivi was born at Chioggia. He was the author of Zoologia Adriatica . He died in Padua.-References:...
(1769–1795), Italian naturalist - Mark A. O'NeillMark A. O'NeillMark A. O'Neill is an English biologist and computer scientist with interests in artificial intelligence, systems biology, complex systems and image analysis...
, British biologist and computer scientist - Aleksandr OparinAleksandr OparinAlexander Ivanovich Oparin was a Soviet biochemist notable for his contributions to the theory of the origin of life, and for his authorship of the book The Origin of Life. He also studied the biochemistry of material processing by plants, and enzyme reactions in plant cells...
(1894–1980), Russian biologist and biochemist, best known for his work on the origin of life - Alcide d'OrbignyAlcide d'OrbignyAlcide Charles Victor Marie Dessalines d'Orbigny was a French naturalist who made major contributions in many areas, including zoology , palaeontology, geology, archaeology and anthropology....
(1802–1857), French naturalist - George OrdGeorge OrdGeorge Ord was an American ornithologist.Ord was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. His father was a rope maker and Ord joined him in the business, continuing after his father's death in 1806...
(1781–1866), American ornithologist - Eleanor Anne OrmerodEleanor Anne OrmerodEleanor Anne Ormerod was an English entomologist. She was a daughter of George Ormerod, F.R.S., author of The History of Cheshire, and was born at Sedbury Park, Gloucestershire. From early childhood insects were her interest and she had great opportunities to study them in the large estate where...
(1828–1901), English entomologist - Henry Fairfield OsbornHenry Fairfield OsbornHenry Fairfield Osborn, Sr. ForMemRS was an American geologist, paleontologist, and eugenicist.-Early life and career:...
(1857–1935), eugenicist, AMNH curator - Emile OustaletÉmile OustaletJean-Frédéric Émile Oustalet was a French zoologist.Oustalet was born at Montbéliard, in the department of Doubs. He studied at the Ecole des Hautes-Etudes and his first scientific work was on the respiratory organs of dragonfly larvae...
(1844–1905), French zoologist - Richard OwenRichard OwenSir Richard Owen, FRS KCB was an English biologist, comparative anatomist and palaeontologist.Owen is probably best remembered today for coining the word Dinosauria and for his outspoken opposition to Charles Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection...
(1804–1892), biologist
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- George Emil PaladeGeorge Emil PaladeGeorge Emil Palade was a Romanian cell biologist. Described as "the most influential cell biologist ever", in 1974 he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine, together with Albert Claude and Christian de Duve. The prize was granted for his innovations in electron microscopy and...
(born 1912), Romanian-American biologist, discoverer of ribosomes, Nobel Prize - Paul Maurice PallaryPaul Maurice PallaryPaul Maurice Pallary was a French-Algerian malacologist.His pioneering research on molluscs was mainly concentrated in the western part of the Mediterranean Sea and in the Middle East. He was a prolific writer on malacofauna...
(1869-1942), French-Algerian malacologist - Peter Simon PallasPeter Simon PallasPeter Simon Pallas was a German zoologist and botanist who worked in Russia.- Life and work :Pallas was born in Berlin, the son of Professor of Surgery Simon Pallas. He studied with private tutors and took an interest in natural history, later attending the University of Halle and the University...
(1741–1811), Russian zoologist - Edward Palmer (1829–1911), British botanist
- Josif PancicJosif PancicJosif Pančić OSS was a Serbian botanist. He was a famous lecturer at the Great School in Belgrade and the first president of the Serbian Royal Academy. Pančić is credited for discovering the new species of coniferthe Serbian Spruce.-Biography:...
(1814–1888), Serbian botanist - ParacelsusParacelsusParacelsus was a German-Swiss Renaissance physician, botanist, alchemist, astrologer, and general occultist....
(1493–1541), German alchemist - Louis PasteurLouis PasteurLouis Pasteur was a French chemist and microbiologist born in Dole. He is remembered for his remarkable breakthroughs in the causes and preventions of diseases. His discoveries reduced mortality from puerperal fever, and he created the first vaccine for rabies and anthrax. His experiments...
(1822–1895), French biochemist - William Paterson (1755–1810), British botanist and explorer
- Robert PattersonRobert Patterson (Belfast)Robert Patterson, FRS was an Irish businessman and naturalist born in Belfast, Ireland.-Biography:The eldest son of Robert Patterson , owner of a mill-furnishing business in Belfast established in 1786, Robert Patterson was born into a wealthy family. He was educated first at the Belfast Academy...
(1802–1872), Irish naturalist - Daniel PaulyDaniel PaulyDaniel Pauly is a French-born marine biologist, well-known for his work in studying human impacts on global fisheries. He is a professor and the project leader of the Sea Around Us Project at the Fisheries Centre at the University of British Columbia. He also served as Director of the Fisheries...
(born 1946), French marine biologist - Ivan PavlovIvan PavlovIvan Petrovich Pavlov was a famous Russian physiologist. Although he made significant contributions to psychology, he was not in fact a psychologist himself but was a mathematician and actually had strong distaste for the field....
(1849–1936), Russian physiologist, psychologist and physician, discovered conditioning, won the Nobel Prize for his research on the digestive system - Titian PealeTitian PealeTitian Ramsay Peale was a noted American artist, naturalist, entomologist and photographer. He was the sixteenth child and youngest son of noted American naturalist Charles Willson Peale.-Biography:...
(1799–1885), American naturalist - Donald C. PeattieDonald C. PeattieDonald Culross Peattie was a U.S. botanist, naturalist and author. He was described by Joseph Wood Krutch as "perhaps the most widely read of all contemporary American nature writers" during his heyday.-Biography:...
(1898–1964), American botanist - Paul PelseneerPaul PelseneerJean Paul Louis Pelseneer was a Belgian malacologist, morphologist, ethologist and phylogenist....
(1863–1945), Belgian malacologist - Jean-Marie PeltJean-Marie PeltProfessor Jean-Marie Pelt is a French botanist.Pelt founded the European Institute of Ecology in 1972. He is the author of several books and produced several television series for French TV.-Bibliography:...
(born 1933), French botanist - Thomas PennantThomas PennantThomas Pennant was a Welsh naturalist and antiquary.The Pennants were a Welsh gentry family from the parish of Whitford, Flintshire, who had built up a modest estate at Bychton by the seventeenth century...
(1726–1798), Welsh naturalist and antiquary - Henri Perrier de la Bâthie (1873–1958), French botanist
- George Perry (naturalist)George Perry (naturalist)George Perry was a 19th century English naturalist, a malacologist.Perry is known for two natural history works:*Arcana; or the museum of natural history, published monthly from January 1810 to September 1811...
, 19th century English naturalist - Christian Hendrik PersoonChristian Hendrik PersoonChristiaan Hendrik Persoon was a mycologist who made additions to Linnaeus' mushroom taxonomy.-Early life:...
(1761–1836), biologist - Paul PetardPaul Petard (botanist)Paul Petard was a French botanist who specialized in the study of native plants of French Polynesia. His book Petard Botanical Plant Encyclopedia is still widely used as a reference, and contains much information about traditional applications of Tahitian Noni juice. He held a doctorate in pharmacy....
(1912–1980), French botanist - Wilhelm PetersWilhelm PetersWilhelm Karl Hartwich Peters was a German naturalist and explorer.He was assistant to Johannes Peter Müller and later curator of the Berlin Zoological Museum. In September 1842 he travelled to Mozambique via Angola. He returned to Berlin with an enormous collection of natural history specimens...
(1815–1883), German naturalist - Ludwig Karl Georg PfeifferLudwig Karl Georg PfeifferLudwig Karl Georg Pfeiffer, also known as Louis Pfeiffer was a German physician, botanist and conchologist.-Biography:He received his education in Kassel, and became professor of pathology there in 1828...
, German physician, botanist and conchologist - Rodolfo Amando PhilippiRodolfo Amando PhilippiRodolfo Amando Philippi was a German-Chilean paleontologist and zoologist....
(1808–1904), German-Chilean zoologist - Constantine John Phipps (1744–1792), English explorer
- David Andrew PhoenixDavid Andrew PhoenixDavid Andrew Phoenix OBE DSc was born in 1966 in Greater Manchester, England. After attending school in Bolton he progressed to study Biochemistry at Liverpool University where he graduated with a Bachelor of Science...
, (born 1966), Biochemist - Frederick Octavius Pickard-CambridgeFrederick Octavius Pickard-CambridgeFrederick Octavius Pickard-Cambridge was an English arachnologist. He is often confused with his uncle, Octavius Pickard-Cambridge , who was also an arachnologist and from whom F. O. Pickard-Cambridge picked up his enthusiasm for the study of spiders.-Life:F. O. Pickard-Cambridge was born in...
(1860–?), English entomologist - Octavius Pickard-CambridgeOctavius Pickard-CambridgeThe Reverend Octavius Pickard-Cambridge FRS was an English clergyman and zoologist.Pickard-Cambridge was born in Bloxworth rectory, Dorset, the fifth son of Revd George Pickard, rector and squire of Bloxworth: the family changed their name to Pickard-Cambridge in 1848...
(1828–1917), English entomologist, uncle of above - Charles PickeringCharles Pickering (naturalist)Charles Pickering was an American naturalist.Born in Susquehanna County, Pennsylvania, the grandson of Colonel Timothy Pickering, he grew up in Wenham, Massachusetts and received a medical degree from Harvard University in 1823...
(1805–1878), American naturalist - Cándido Bolívar PieltainCándido Bolívar PieltainCándido Bolívar Pieltain . He studied in Ciudad Real. When he was 14, his article “Observaciones sobre algunas cuevas del Norte de España y descripción de una nueva especie de ‘Speocharis’” was published in the Boletín de la Real Sociedad Española de Historia Natural.When he was 17 years old, he...
(1897–1976), Spanish naturalist - Henry Augustus PilsbryHenry Augustus PilsbryHenry Augustus Pilsbry was an American biologist, malacologist and carcinologist, among other areas of study. He was a dominant presence in many fields of invertebrate taxonomy for the better part of a century...
(1862–1957), American zoologist, malacologist - Gregory Goodwin Pincus (1903–1967), American biologist and co-inventor of the contraceptive pill
- Ronald PlasterkRonald PlasterkRonald Hans Anton Plasterk is a Dutch politician of the Labour Party . He was Minister of Education, Culture and Science from February 22, 2007 until February 23, 2010 in the Cabinet Balkenende IV. He has been a Member of the House of Representatives since June 17, 2010. He focuses on matters of...
, (born 1957), Dutch molecular biologist, columnist and politician - Pliny the ElderPliny the ElderGaius Plinius Secundus , better known as Pliny the Elder, was a Roman author, naturalist, and natural philosopher, as well as naval and army commander of the early Roman Empire, and personal friend of the emperor Vespasian...
(23–79), Roman natural philosopher - Reginald Innes PocockReginald Innes PocockReginald Innes Pocock F.R.S. was a British zoologist.Pocock was born in Clifton, Bristol, the fourth son of Rev. Nicholas Pocock and Edith Prichard. He began showing interest in natural history at St. Edward's School, Oxford. He received tutoring in zoology from Sir Edward Poulton, and was allowed...
(1863–1947), British taxonomist (mammals and arachnids) - Felipe PoeyFelipe Poey-Biography:Poey was born in Havana, the son of French and Spanish parents. He spent several years of his life in Pau then studied law in Madrid. He became a lawyer in Spain but was forced to leave due to his liberal ideas, returning to Cuba in 1823. He began to concentrate on the study of the...
(1799–1891), Cuban zoologist - Joel Roberts PoinsettJoel Roberts PoinsettJoel Roberts Poinsett was a physician, botanist and American statesman. He was a member of the United States House of Representatives, the first United States Minister to Mexico , a U.S...
(1779–1851), American botanist - Giuseppe Saverio PoliGiuseppe Saverio PoliGiuseppe Saverio Poli was an Italian physicist, biologist and natural historian.His collections, with those of the Royal Bourbon Museum, were the foundation of the Zoological Museum of Naples...
(1746–1825), Italian physicist, biologist and natural historian - Winston PonderWinston PonderWinston F. Ponder B.Sc, M.Sc, Ph.D, D.Sc. is a noted malacologist from New Zealand who has named and described many marine animals, especially micromolluscs. He is a graduate of the University of Auckland, New Zealand....
, Australian malacologist - Arthur William Baden PowellArthur William Baden PowellDr Arthur William Baden Powell CBE was a New Zealand malacologist, naturalist and palaeontologist, a major influence in the study and classification of New Zealand molluscs through much of the twentieth century. He was known to his friends and family by his third name, "Baden".Powell was born at...
(1901–1987), New Zealand malacologist and paleontologist - Thomas Littleton Powys, 4th Baron LilfordThomas Littleton Powys, 4th Baron LilfordThomas Littleton Powys, 4th Baron Lilford , was a British aristocrat and ornithologist.Lilford was the eldest son of Thomas Powys, 3rd Baron Lilford, and Hon. Mary Elizabeth Fox, daughter of Henry Vassall-Fox, 3rd Baron Holland. He succeeded his father as fourth Baron in 1861...
(1833–1896), English ornithologist - Karel PreslKarel PreslKarel Bořivoj Presl was a Bohemian botanist.He lived all his life in Prague, and was a professor at the University of Prague. He made an expedition to Sicily in 1817, and published a Flora bohemica in 1820....
(1794–1852), Bohemian botanist - Alice Pruvot-FolAlice Pruvot-FolAlice Pruvot-Fol was a French opisthobranch malacologist.She was the author of many new species, mostly described on the basis of preserved animals....
(1873–1972), French malacologist - Jan Evangelista PurkyněJan Evangelista PurkyneJan Evangelista Purkyně was a Czech anatomist and physiologist. He was one of the best known scientists of his time. His son was the painter Karel Purkyně...
(1787–1869), Czech anatomist and physiologist - Frederick Traugott PurshFrederick Traugott PurshFrederick Traugott Pursh was a German-American botanist.Born in Grossenhain, Saxony, to the name Friedrich Traugott Pursh, he was educated at Dresden Botanical Gardens, and emigrated to the United States in 1799...
(1774–1820), German-American botanist - Paul Émile de PuydtPaul Émile de PuydtPaul Émile de Puydt , a writer whose contributions included work in botany and economics, was born and died in Mons, Belgium.As a botanist, he notably wrote on orchids...
(1810–1888), Belgian botanist - Nikolai PrzhevalskyNikolai PrzhevalskyNikolai Mikhaylovich Przhevalsky and Prjevalsky, ; —), was a Russian geographer of Polish background and explorer of Central and Eastern Asia. Although he never reached his final goal, Lhasa in Tibet, he travelled through regions unknown to the west, such as northern Tibet, modern Qinghai and...
(1839–1888), Russian explorer
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- Jean Louis Armand de Quatrefages de BréauJean Louis Armand de Quatrefages de BréauJean Louis Armand de Quatrefages de Bréau was a French naturalist.- Life :He was born at Berthézène, in the commune of Valleraugue , the son of a Protestant farmer. He studied medicine at Strasbourg, where he took the double degree of M.D...
(1810–1892), French naturalist - Jean René Constant QuoyJean René Constant QuoyJean René Constant Quoy was a French zoologist.Along with Joseph Paul Gaimard he served as naturalist aboard La Coquille under Louis Isidore Duperrey during its circumnavigation of the globe , and the Astrolabe under the command of Jules Dumont d'Urville...
(1790–1869), French zoologist
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- Gustav RaddeGustav RaddeGustav Ferdinand Richard Radde was a German naturalist and explorer.Radde was born in Danzig, the son of a schoolmaster. He had little formal education, and began a career as an apothecary...
(1831–1903), German naturalist - Thomas Stamford Raffles (1781–1826), British founder/first president of the Zoological Society of London
- Constantine Samuel Rafinesque (1783–1840), French naturalist who described many North American species
- Émile Louis RagonotÉmile Louis RagonotEmile Louis Ragonot was a French entomologist. In 1885 he became president of the Société entomologique de France.He named 301 new genera of butterflies and moths, mostly pyralid moths...
(1843–1895), French entomologist - Santiago Ramón y CajalSantiago Ramón y CajalSantiago Ramón y Cajal ForMemRS was a Spanish pathologist, histologist, neuroscientist, and Nobel laureate. His pioneering investigations of the microscopic structure of the brain were original: he is considered by many to be the father of modern neuroscience...
(1852–1934), Spanish histologist and Nobel laureate. Considered the father of neuroscience. - Edward Pierson RamsayEdward Pierson RamsayEdward Pierson Ramsay was an Australian zoologist who specialised in ornithology.-Early life:Pierson was born in Dobroyd Estate, Long Cove, Sydney and educated at St Mark's Collegiate School, The King's School, Parramatta...
(1842–1916), Australian ornithologist - Austin L. RandAustin L. RandAustin Loomer Rand was a Canadian zoologist.He was born in Kentville, Nova Scotia in 1905 and grew up in nearby Wolfville, where he was mentored by the noted local ornithologist Robie W. Tufts...
(1905–1982), Canadian zoologist - Suresh RattanSuresh RattanSuresh Rattan is a biogerontologist - a researcher in the field of biology of aging, biogerontology....
(born 1955), Indian biogerontologist - John RayJohn RayJohn Ray was an English naturalist, sometimes referred to as the father of English natural history. Until 1670, he wrote his name as John Wray. From then on, he used 'Ray', after "having ascertained that such had been the practice of his family before him".He published important works on botany,...
(1627–1705), English naturalist - Francesco RediFrancesco RediFrancesco Redi was an Italian physician, naturalist, and poet.-Biography:The son of Gregorio Redi and Cecilia de Ghinci was born in Arezzo on February 18, 1626. After schooling with the Jesuits, he attended the University of Pisa...
(1626–1697), Italian physician known for his experiment in 1668 which is regarded as a one of the first steps in refuting abiogenesis - Lovell Augustus ReeveLovell Augustus ReeveLovell Augustus Reeve was an English conchologist.Lovell Augustus Reeve was initially apprenticed to a grocer of Ludgate Hill between 1827 and '34...
(1814–1865), an English conchologist - Heinrich Gustav ReichenbachHeinrich Gustav ReichenbachHeinrich Gustav Reichenbach was an ornithologist, botanist and the foremost German orchidologist of the 19th century...
(1823–1889), German orchidologist (abbr. in botany: Rchb. f.) - Ludwig ReichenbachLudwig ReichenbachHeinrich Gottlieb Ludwig Reichenbach was a German botanist and ornithologist.He was the son of Johann Friedrich Jakob Reichenbach, the author in 1818 of the first Greek-German dictionary. He was the father of Heinrich Gustav Reichenbach, equally a botanist and an eminent orchid...
(1793–1879), German botanist and ornithologist (abbr. in botany: Rchb.) - Anton ReichenowAnton ReichenowAnton Reichenow was a German ornithologist.Reichenow was the son-in-law of Jean Cabanis, and worked at the Humboldt Museum from 1874 to 1921. He was an expert on African birds, making a collecting expedition to West Africa in 1872 and 1873, and writing Die Vögel Afrikas...
(1847–1941), German ornithologist - Caspar Georg Carl ReinwardtCaspar Georg Carl ReinwardtCaspar Georg Carl Reinwardt was a Prussian-born Dutch botanist.Reinwardt was the founder and first director of agriculture of the botanic garden at Bogor in Java...
(1773–1854), Dutch botanist - Bernhard RenschBernhard RenschBernhard Rensch was a German evolutionary biologist, and ornithologist who did field work in Indonesia and India. He is probably best known as one of the architects of the modern evolutionary synthesis, which he popularised in Germany...
(1900–1990), German biologist - Ralf ReskiRalf ReskiRalf Reski is a German Professor of Plant Biotechnology and former Dean of the Faculty of Biology of the University of Freiburg...
(*1958), German botanist and biotechnologist, developed Physcomitrella as model organism - Achille RichardAchille RichardAchille Richard was a French botanist and physician .He was son of a notable botanist, Louis-Claude Marie Richard .Pharmacist in the French fleet and member of several well-known societies of their time....
(1794–1852), French botanist (abbr. in botany: A. Rich) - Jean Michel Claude RichardJean Michel Claude RichardJean Michel Claude Richard was a noted French botanist and plant collector active in Senegal, Madagascar, Mauritius, and Réunion, and a Chevalier of the Légion d'honneur.Richard was born in Volon, Haute-Saône...
(1787 - 1868), noted French botanist and plant collector (abbr. in botany: J.M.C.Rich.) - Louis Claude RichardLouis Claude RichardLouis Claude Marie Richard was a French botanist.Richard was born at Versailles. Between 1781 and 1789 he collected botanical specimens in Central America and the West Indies...
(1754–1821), French botanist (abbr. in botany: Rich.) - Olivier Jules RichardOlivier Jules RichardOlivier Jules Richard was a French lichenologist who published on the anatomy and symbiosis of lichens. -Publications:• Richard,O J 1884: Les céphalodies des lichens et le Schwendenerisme. Guide scientifique 1884: 4 pp....
(1836 - 1896), French lichenologist (abbr. in botany: O.J.Rich.) - John RichardsonJohn Richardson (naturalist)Sir John Richardson was a Scottish naval surgeon, naturalist and arctic explorer.Richardson was born at Dumfries. He studied medicine at Edinburgh University, and became a surgeon in the navy in 1807. He traveled with John Franklin in search of the Northwest Passage on the Coppermine Expedition of...
(1787–1865), Scottish naturalist (abbr. in botany: Richardson) - Charles Richet (1850–1935), French physiologist, winner of the 1913 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine for his discovery of anaphylaxis
- Charles Wallace RichmondCharles Wallace RichmondCharles Wallace Richmond was an American ornithologist. He is best remembered for a compilation of the Latin names of birds that is called the Richmond Index.-Life and work:...
(1868–1932), American ornithologist - Robert Ridgway (1850–1929), American ornithologist
- Henry Nicholas RidleyHenry Nicholas RidleyHenry Nicholas Ridley CMG , MA , FRS, FLS, F.R.H.S. was an English botanist and geologist.Born at West Harling Hall, Norfolk, England...
(1855–1956), British botanist (abbr. in botany: Ridl.) - Austin RobertsAustin RobertsAustin Roberts was a South African zoologist. He is best known for his Birds of South Africa, first published in 1940. He also studied the mammalian fauna of the region: his work The mammals of South Africa was published posthumously in 1951...
(1883–1948), South African zoologist - Harold E. RobinsonHarold E. RobinsonHarold Ernest Robinson is an eminent botanist and an entomologist.-Career:Dr. Robinson's systematic knowledge encompasses many groups of plants and even some insects. But his real specialty is the sunflower family and the bryophytes...
(born 1932), American botanist and entomologist - Maurício Rocha e SilvaMaurício Rocha e SilvaMaurício Oscar da Rocha e Silva was a Brazilian physician, biomedical scientist and pharmacologist...
(1910–1983), Brazilian physician and pharmacologist, codiscoverer of bradykinin - Martin RodbellMartin RodbellMartin Rodbell was an American biochemist and molecular endocrinologist who is best known for his discovery of G-proteins. He shared the 1994 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Alfred G...
(1925–1998), biologist - Peter Friedrich RödingPeter Friedrich RödingPeter Friedrich Röding was a German malacologist who lived in Hamburg. Very little is known about this naturalist.Many of Röding's descriptions are of species which were first named by earlier authors such as Johann Hieronymus Chemnitz, Friedrich Wilhelm Martini and Martin Lister...
(1767–1846), German malacologist - George RomanesGeorge RomanesGeorge John Romanes FRS was a Canadian-born English evolutionary biologist and physiologist who laid the foundation of what he called comparative psychology, postulating a similarity of cognitive processes and mechanisms between humans and other animals.He was the youngest of Charles Darwin's...
(1848–1894), Canadian naturalist, founded the discipline of comparative psychology - Alfred RomerAlfred RomerAlfred Sherwood Romer was an American paleontologist and comparative anatomist and a specialist in vertebrate evolution.-Biography:...
(1894–1973), specialist in vertebrate paleontology - Robert Rosen (1934–1998), theoretical biologist
- Joel RosenbaumJoel RosenbaumJoel Rosenbaum is a professor of cell biology at Yale University .Rosenbaum received his bachelor's degree from Syracuse University in 1955, and later his M.Sc. Ed. from St. Lawrence University in 1957. He returned later to Syracuse for his Masters in 1959 and Ph.D...
, cell biologist at Yale University - Harald RosenthalHarald RosenthalHarald Rosenthal is a German hydrobiologist and fisheries scientist known for his work in fish farming, ecology, and international cooperation.-Life:...
(born 1937), German hydrobiologist known for his work in fish farming and ecology - Miriam Louisa Rothschild (1908–2005), British entomologist
- Walter Rothschild, 2nd Baron RothschildWalter Rothschild, 2nd Baron RothschildLionel Walter Rothschild, 2nd Baron Rothschild, Baron de Rothschild FRS , a scion of the Rothschild family, was a British banker, politician, and zoologist.-Biography:...
(1868–1937), British zoologist - William RoxburghWilliam RoxburghWilliam Roxburgh was a Scottish surgeon and botanist. He has been called the Father of Indian Botany.-Early life:Roxburgh was born at Underwood in the parish of Craigie, Ayrshire. He studied medicine in Edinburgh...
(1759–1815), Scottish botanist - Adriaan van RoyenAdriaan van RoyenAdriaan van Royen was a Dutch botanist. He was a professor at Leiden University and is associated with Carl Linnaeus....
(1704–1779), Dutch botanist (abbr. in botany: Royen) - Karl RudolphiKarl RudolphiKarl Asmund Rudolphi was a Swedish-born naturalist, who is credited with being the "father of helminthology"....
(1771–1832), German physiologist - Eduard RüppellEduard RüppellWilhelm Peter Eduard Simon Rüppell was a German naturalist and explorer. Rüppell is occasionally transliterated to "Rueppell" for the English alphabet....
(1794–1884), German naturalist
Sa-So
- Joseph SabineJoseph SabineJoseph Sabine was an English lawyer, naturalist and writer on horticulture.He was born into a prominent Anglo-Irish family in Tewin, Hertfordshire, the eldest son of Joseph Sabine. His younger brother was Sir Edward Sabine....
(1770–1837), English naturalist - Julius von SachsJulius von SachsJulius von Sachs was a German botanist from Breslau, Prussian Silesia.At an early age he showed a taste for natural history, becoming acquainted with the Breslau physiologist Jan Evangelista Purkyně. In 1851 he began studying at Charles University in Prague...
(1832–1897), German botanist - Étienne Geoffroy Saint-HilaireÉtienne Geoffroy Saint-HilaireÉtienne Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire was a French naturalist who established the principle of "unity of composition". He was a colleague of Jean-Baptiste Lamarck and expanded and defended Lamarck's evolutionary theories...
(1772–1844), French naturalist - Isidore Geoffroy Saint-HilaireIsidore Geoffroy Saint-HilaireIsidore Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire was a French zoologist and an authority on deviation from normal structure. He coined the term ethology.He was born in Paris, the son of Étienne Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire...
(1805–1861), French zoologist - Carl Ulisses von Salis-MarschlinsCarl Ulisses von Salis-MarschlinsCarl Ulisses von Salis-Marschlins or Karl or Charles was a Swiss naturalist interested in botany , entomology, and conchology....
(1762–1818), Swiss naturalist interested in botany, entomology, and conchology - Edward James SalisburyEdward James SalisburySir Edward James Salisbury FRS was an English botanist and ecologist. He was born in Harpenden, Hertfordshire and graduated in botany from University College London in 1905. In 1913, he obtained a D.Sc. with a thesis on fossil seeds and was appointed a senior lecturer at East London College...
(1886–1978), British botanist - Richard Anthony SalisburyRichard Anthony SalisburyRichard Anthony Salisbury FRS was a British botanist. While he is remembered as a valuable worker in horticultural and botanical sciences, several bitter disputes caused him to be ostracised by his contemporaries.-Life:...
(1761–1829), British botanist - Jonas SalkJonas SalkJonas Edward Salk was an American medical researcher and virologist, best known for his discovery and development of the first safe and effective polio vaccine. He was born in New York City to parents from Ashkenazi Jewish Russian immigrant families...
(1914–1995), American biologist, inventor of polio vaccine - Robert SapolskyRobert SapolskyRobert Maurice Sapolsky is an American scientist and author. He is currently Professor of Biological Sciences, and Professor of Neurology and Neurological Sciences and, by courtesy, Neurosurgery, at Stanford University. In addition, he is a Research Associate at the National Museums of...
(born 1957), American neuroscientist - Georg Ossian Sars (1837–1927), Norwegian marine biologist
- Michael SarsMichael SarsMichael Sars was a Norwegian theologian and biologist.-Biography:Sars was born in Bergen, Norway. He studied natural history and theology at Royal Frederick University from 1823 and completed a cand.theol. degree in 1828. For several years he taught at a number of different schools, firstly in...
(1809–1869), Norwegian taxonomist - William Saunders (1822–1900), American botanist
- Horace-Bénédict de SaussureHorace-Bénédict de Saussure200px|thumb|Portrait of Horace-Bénédict de Saussure Horace-Bénédict de Saussure was a Genevan aristocrat, physicist and Alpine traveller, often considered the founder of alpinism, and considered to be the first person to build a successful solar oven.-Life and work:Saussure was born in Conches,...
(1740–1799), Swiss naturalist - Marie Jules César SavignyMarie Jules César SavignyMarie Jules César Lelorgne de Savigny was a French zoologist.Savigny was born at Provins. In 1798 he travelled to Egypt with the Emperor Napoleon as part of the French scientific expedition to that country, and contributed to the publication of the findings of the expedition in 1809...
(1777–1851), French zoologist - Thomas SayThomas SayThomas Say was an American naturalist, entomologist, malacologist, herpetologist and carcinologist. A taxonomist, he is often considered to be the father of descriptive entomology in the United States. He described more than 1,000 new species of beetles and over 400 species of insects of other...
(1787–1843), American naturalist - George SchallerGeorge SchallerGeorge Beals Schaller is an American mammalogist, naturalist, conservationist and author. Schaller is recognized by many as the world's preeminent field biologist, studying wildlife throughout Africa, Asia and South America. Born in Berlin, Schaller grew up in Germany, but moved to Missouri as a...
(born 1933), American zoologist, widely considered the preeminent field biologist of the 20th century - Friedrich Schlechter (1872–1925), German botanist
- Hermann SchlegelHermann SchlegelHermann Schlegel was a German ornithologist and herpetologist.-Early life and education:Schlegel was born at Altenburg, the son of a brassfounder. His father collected butterflies, which stimulated Schlegel's interest in natural history...
(1804–1884), German ornithologist - Matthias Jakob SchleidenMatthias Jakob SchleidenMatthias Jakob Schleiden was a German botanist and co-founder of the cell theory, along with Theodor Schwann and Rudolf Virchow....
(1804–1881), German co-founder of the cell theory - George SchoenerGeorge SchoenerGeorge Schoener, or Georg Schöner was a German-born Roman Catholic priest who became known in the United States as the "Padre of the Roses" for his experiments in rose breeding, especially in the use of wild species...
(1864–1941), German-American botanist - Johann David SchoepfJohann David SchoepfJohann David Schoepff, or Schoepf, or Schöpf, was a German botanist, zoologist, and physician....
(1752–1800), German botanist and zoologist - Heinrich Wilhelm SchottHeinrich Wilhelm SchottHeinrich Wilhelm Schott was an Austrian botanist well known for his extensive work on the aroids ....
(1794–1865), German botanist - Johann Christian Daniel von SchreberJohann Christian Daniel von SchreberJohann Christian Daniel von Schreber , often styled I.C.D. von Schreber, was a German naturalist.-Career:He was elected Professor of Materia medica at the University of Erlangen in 1769....
(1739–1810), German naturalist - Leopold von SchrenckLeopold von SchrenckLeopold Ivanovich von Schrenck was a Russian zoologist, geographer and ethnographer.-Biography:Schrenck was a Baltic German born and brought up near Chotenj, south-west of St Petersburg. He received his doctorate from the University of Tartu, and then studied natural science in Berlin and Königsberg...
(1826–1894), Russo-German zoologist - Charles SchuchertCharles SchuchertCharles Schuchert was an American invertebrate paleontologist who was a leader in the development of paleogeography, the study of the distribution of lands and seas in the geological past.-Biography:...
(1858–1942), paleontologist - Theodor SchwannTheodor SchwannTheodor Schwann was a German physiologist. His many contributions to biology include the development of cell theory, the discovery of Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system, the discovery and study of pepsin, the discovery of the organic nature of yeast, and the invention of the term...
(1810–1882), German physiologist - Georg August SchweinfurthGeorg August SchweinfurthGeorg August Schweinfurth was a Baltic German botanist, traveller in East Central Africa and ethnologist....
(1836–1925), German botanist - Philip SclaterPhilip SclaterPhilip Lutley Sclater was an English lawyer and zoologist. In zoology, he was an expert ornithologist, and identified the main zoogeographic regions of the world...
(1829–1913), English zoologist - Giovanni Antonio ScopoliGiovanni Antonio ScopoliGiovanni Antonio Scopoli was an Italian physician and naturalist.-Biography:...
(1723–1788), Italian-Austrian naturalist - Henry SeebohmHenry SeebohmHenry Seebohm was an English steel manufacturer, and amateur ornithologist, oologist and traveller.Seebohm was born in Bradford. His interest in natural history led him to travel widely, in Greece, Scandinavia, Turkey, and South Africa...
(1832–1895), English ornithologist - Prideaux John SelbyPrideaux John SelbyPrideaux John Selby was an English ornithologist, botanist and artist and landowner.Selby is best known for his Illustrations of British Ornithology , the first set of life-sized illustrations of British birds...
(1788–1867), English botanist and ornithologist - Nikolai Alekseevich SevertzovNikolai Alekseevich SevertzovNikolai Alekseevich Severtzov was a Russian explorer and naturalist.On an expedition to the Syr Darya he was captured by bandits and freed after a month. In 1865-68 he explored the Tien Shan and Lake Issyk Kul...
(1827–1885), Russian naturalist - Richard Bowdler SharpeRichard Bowdler SharpeRichard Bowdler Sharpe was an English zoologist.-Biography:Sharpe was born in London and studied at Brighton College, The King's School, Peterborough and Loughborough Grammar School. At the age of sixteen he went to work for Smith & Sons in London...
(1847–1909), English zoologist - George ShawGeorge ShawGeorge Shaw was an English botanist and zoologist.Shaw was born at Bierton, Buckinghamshire and was educated at Magdalen Hall, Oxford, receiving his M.A. in 1772. He took up the profession of medical practitioner. In 1786 he became the assistant lecturer in botany at Oxford University...
(1751–1813), English botanist and zoologist - Rupert SheldrakeRupert SheldrakeRupert Sheldrake is an English scientist. He is known for having proposed an unorthodox account of morphogenesis and for his research into parapsychology. His books and papers stem from his theory of morphic resonance, and cover topics such as animal and plant development and behaviour, memory,...
(born 1942), biologist - George Ernest ShelleyGeorge Ernest ShelleyCaptain George Ernest Shelley was an English geologist and ornithologist. He was a nephew of the poet Percy Bysshe Shelley....
(1840–1910), English ornithologist - Sir Charles Scott SherringtonCharles Scott SherringtonSir Charles Scott Sherrington, OM, GBE, PRS was an English neurophysiologist, histologist, bacteriologist, and a pathologist, Nobel laureate and president of the Royal Society in the early 1920s...
(1857–1922), British physiologist and neuroscientist, winner of the 1932 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his research on neurons - Philipp Franz von SieboldPhilipp Franz von SieboldPhilipp Franz Balthasar von Siebold was a German physician and traveller. He was the first European to teach Western medicine in Japan...
(1796–1866), German botanist - George Gaylord SimpsonGeorge Gaylord SimpsonGeorge Gaylord Simpson was an American paleontologist. Simpson was perhaps the most influential paleontologist of the twentieth century, and a major participant in the modern evolutionary synthesis, contributing Tempo and mode in evolution , The meaning of evolution and The major features of...
(1902–1984), American paleontologist - Rolf SingerRolf SingerRolf Singer was a German-born mycologist and one of the most important taxonomists of gilled mushrooms in the 20th century....
(1906–1994), German born mycologist - John Kunkel SmallJohn Kunkel SmallJohn Kunkel Small was an American botanist.He was the first Curator of Museums at The New York Botanical Garden, a post in which he served from 1898 until 1906. From 1906 to 1934 he was Head Curator and then from 1934 until his death he was Chief Research Associate and Curator...
(1869–1938), American botanist (abbr. in botany: Small) - Andrew SmithAndrew Smith (zoologist)Sir Andrew Smith KCB was a Scottish surgeon, explorer, ethnologist and zoologist. He is considered the father of Zoology in South Africa having described many species across a wide range of groups in his major work, Illustrations of the Zoology of South Africa.Smith was born in Hawick, Roxburghshire...
(1797–1872), Scottish zoologist - Edgar Albert SmithEdgar Albert SmithEdgar Albert Smith was a British zoologist, a malacologist.His father was the Frederick Smith, a well-known entomologist, and Assistant Keeper of Zoology in the British Museum, Bloomsbury...
(1847–1916), British zoologist and conchologist - Frederick SmithFrederick Smith (entomologist)Frederick Smith was a British entomologist.Smith worked in the zoology department of the British Museum from 1849, specialising in the Hymenoptera. In 1875 he was promoted to Assistant Keeper of Zoology...
(1805–1879), British entomologist - James Edward SmithJames Edward SmithSir James Edward Smith was an English botanist and founder of the Linnean Society.Smith was born in Norwich in 1759, the son of a wealthy wool merchant. He displayed a precocious interest in the natural world...
(1759–1828), English botanist (abbr. in botany: Sm.) - Johannes Jacobus SmithJohannes Jacobus SmithJohannes Jacobus Smith was a Dutch botanist who, between years 1905 to 1924, crossed the islands of the Dutch East Indies , collecting specimens of plants and describing and cataloguing the flora of these islands...
(1867–1947), Dutch botanist (abbr. in botany: J.J.Sm.) - James Leonard Brierley SmithJames Leonard Brierley SmithJames Leonard Brierley Smith, known as J.L.B. Smith was a South African ichthyologist, organic chemist and university professor. He was the first to identify a taxidermied fish as a coelacanth, at the time thought long extinct.-Early life:Born in Graaff Reinet, Smith was the elder of two sons of...
(1897–1968), South African ichthyologist - John Maynard SmithJohn Maynard SmithJohn Maynard Smith,His surname was Maynard Smith, not Smith, nor was it hyphenated. F.R.S. was a British theoretical evolutionary biologist and geneticist. Originally an aeronautical engineer during the Second World War, he took a second degree in genetics under the well-known biologist J.B.S....
(1920–2004), biologist - John Otterbein SnyderJohn Otterbein SnyderJohn Otterbein Snyder was an American zoologist.As a student he met David Starr Jordan who inspired him to enter zoology. He eventually became a zoology instructor at Stanford University and served there from 1899 until 1943. He went on several major collecting expeditions aboard the USS Albatross...
(1867–1943), American zoologist - Solomon H. SnyderSolomon H. SnyderSolomon H. Snyder is an American neuroscientist.Snyder attended Georgetown University 1955-1958 and received his MD from Georgetown University School of Medicine in 1962. After medical internship at the Kaiser Hospital in San Francisco, he served as a research associate 1963-1965 at the NIH,...
(born 1938), American neuroscientist, co-discovered endorphins - Daniel SolanderDaniel SolanderDaniel Carlsson Solander or Daniel Charles Solander was a Swedish naturalist and an apostle of Carl Linnaeus. Solander was the first university educated scientist to set foot on Australian soil.-Biography:...
(1733–1782), Swedish botanist - Louis François Auguste SouleyetLouis François Auguste SouleyetLouis François Auguste Souleyet was a French zoologist, malacologist and naval surgeon.Souleyet was naturalist-surgeon on the voyage of La Bonite, which circumnavigated the globe between February 1836 and November 1837 under Auguste Nicolas Vaillant . In the Pacific he studied marine molluscs...
(1811–1852), French zoologist
Sp-Sy
- Douglas SpaldingDouglas SpaldingDouglas Alexander Spalding was an English biologist. He was born in Islington in London in 1841, and began life as a manual labourer. Subsequently he lived in Scotland, near Aberdeen; the philosopher Alexander Bain persuaded the University of Aberdeen to allow him to attend courses without charge....
(c1840–1877), English biologist, discovered imprinting and conducted some of the earliest research on animal behavior - Lazzaro SpallanzaniLazzaro SpallanzaniLazzaro Spallanzani was an Italian Catholic priest, biologist and physiologist who made important contributions to the experimental study of bodily functions, animal reproduction, and essentially discovered echolocation...
(1729–1799), Italian biologist - Anders SparrmanAnders SparrmanAnders Erikson Sparrman was a Swedish naturalist, abolitionist and an apostle of Carl Linnaeus....
(1748–1820), Swedish naturalist - Walter Baldwin SpencerWalter Baldwin SpencerSir Walter Baldwin Spencer KCMG was a British-Australian biologist and anthropologist.Baldwin was born in Stretford, Lancashire. His father, Reuben Spencer, who had come from Derbyshire in his youth, obtained a position with Rylands and Sons, cotton manufacturers, and rose to be chairman of its...
(1860–1929), English biologist and anthropologist - Roger W. Sperry (1913–1994), American neuropsychologist, winner of the 1981 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his split-brain research
- Maximilian SpinolaMaximilian Spinola-Background:Spinola was born in Pézenas, Hérault, France. The family of Spinola was of very long standing and had great wealth and power in Genoa. Maximilian Spinola was a descendant of the famous Spanish General Ambrogio Spinola, marqués de los Balbases and much of his wealth derived from land...
(1780–1857), entomologist - Johann Baptist von SpixJohann Baptist von SpixDr. Johann Baptist Ritter von Spix was a German naturalist.Spix was born in Höchstadt, Middle Franconia, as the seventh of eleven children. His boyhood home is the site of the Spix Museum , opened to the public in 2004...
(1781–1826), German naturalist - Herman Spoering (1733–1771), Finnish botanist
- Kurt Sprengel (1766–1833), German botanist
- Stewart SpringerStewart SpringerStewart Springer, was a world renowned expert on shark behavior, classification , and distribution of shark populations. There are more than 35 species of sharks, skates, rays, and other animals either classified originally by him or named after him.-Education:Springer was a field naturalist,...
(1906–1991), American ichthyologist noted for expertise in shark classification, behavior, and distribution of species - Richard SpruceRichard SpruceRichard Spruce was an English botanist. One of the great Victorian botanical explorers, Spruce spent approximately 15 years exploring the Amazon from the Andes to the mouth, and was one of the first Europeans to visit many of the places where he collected specimens.The plants and objects collected...
(1817–1893), English botanist - Agustin StahlAgustín StahlDr. Agustín Stahl , was a medical doctor and the first renowned Puerto Rican scientist, with diverse interests in the fields of ethnology, botany and zoology. He advocated Puerto Rico's independence from Spain....
(1842–1917), Puerto Rican zoologist and botanist - Edward Stanley, 13th Earl of Derby (1775–1851), English naturalist
- Japetus SteenstrupJapetus SteenstrupJohannes Japetus Smith Steenstrup was a Danish zoologist, biologist, and professor.He was a professor of zoology at the University of Copenhagen...
(1813–1897), Danish zoologist - Franz SteindachnerFranz SteindachnerFranz Steindachner was an Austrian zoologist.- Work and career :Being interested in natural history, Steindachner took up the study of fossil fishes on the recommendation of his friend Eduard Suess...
(1834–1919), Austrian zoologist - Leonhard Hess StejnegerLeonhard Hess StejnegerLeonhard Hess Stejneger was a Norwegian-born American ornithologist, herpetologist and zoologist. Stejneger specialized in vertebrate natural history studies. He gained his greatest reputation with reptiles and amphibians....
(1851–1943), Norwegian zoologist - Georg Wilhelm StellerGeorg Wilhelm StellerGeorg Wilhelm Steller was a German botanist, zoologist, physician and explorer, who worked in Russia and is considered the discoverer of Alaska and a pioneer of Alaskan natural history.-Biography:...
(1709–1746), Russian ornithologist - James Francis StephensJames Francis StephensJames Francis Stephens was an English entomologist.-Biography:Stephens was born in Shoreham-by-Sea and studied at Christ's Hospital.He was employed in the Admiralty office, Somerset House, from 1807 to 1845...
(1792–1853), English zoologist - Kaspar Maria von SternbergKaspar Maria von SternbergKaspar Maria von Sternberg , 1761, Prague – 1838, Březina Castle, was a Bohemian theologian, mineralogist, geognost, entomologist and botanist. He is known as the Father of Paleobotany....
(1761–1838), Bohemian botanist - Karl StetterKarl StetterKarl Otto Stetter is a German microbiologist and authority on astrobiology. He is an expert on microbial life at high temperatures.-Career:...
(born 1941), German microbiologist - Nettie Maria Stevens (1861–1912), American biologist
- Edward Charles StirlingEdward Charles StirlingSir Edward Charles Stirling was an Australian anthropologist and the first professor of physiology at the University of Adelaide.-Early life:...
(1848–1919), Australian anthropologist - Gerald StokellGerald StokellGerald Stokell was a New Zealand amateur ichthyologist.-Early life:Stokell was born at Prebbleton, near Christchurch, New Zealand, on 20 June 1890 to Edmund Stokell and Jane . He lived there for his whole life...
(1890–1972), New Zealand horticulturist and ichthyologist - Gottlieb Conrad Christian StorrGottlieb Conrad Christian StorrGottlieb Conrad Christian Storr - was a German physician and naturalist.Storr was the author of Alpenreise von jahre 1781 .-External links:* ....
(1749–1821), German naturalist - Eduard StrasburgerEduard StrasburgerEduard Adolf Strasburger was a German professor who was one of the most famous botanists of the 19th century....
(1844–1912), German botanist (abbr. in botany: Strasb.) - Erwin StresemannErwin StresemannErwin Stresemann was a German naturalist and ornithologist.Stresemann was one of the outstanding ornithologists of the 20th century...
(1889–1972), German ornithologist - John StruthersJohn Struthers (anatomist)Sir John Struthers, LRCSE, MD, LLD, FRCSE, FRSE was Professor of Anatomy at the University of Aberdeen....
(1823–1899), Scottish anatomist - Samuel StutchburySamuel Stutchbury-External links:**...
(1798–1859), an English naturalist and geologist - Carl Jakob SundevallCarl Jakob SundevallCarl Jakob Sundevall was a Swedish zoologist.Sundevall studied at Lund University, where he became a Ph.D. in 1823. After traveling to East Asia, he studied medicine, graduating as Doctor of Medicine in 1830....
(1801–1875), Swedish zoologist - Mriganka SurMriganka SurMriganka Sur is an Indian-born neuroscientist working in the USA.-Biography:Sur did his early schooling in Allahabad, India at the St. Joseph's Collegiate School...
(born 1953), Indian cognitive neuroscientist specializing in neuroplasticity - Henry SuterHenry SuterHenry Suter was a New Zealand zoologist, naturalist, palaeontologist, and malacologist.- Biography :...
, New Zealand zoologist, naturalist and palaeontologist - William John Swainson (1789–1855), English ornithologist, malacologist, conchologist, entomologist and artist
- Jan SwammerdamJan SwammerdamJan Swammerdam was a Dutch biologist and microscopist. His work on insects demonstrated that the various phases during the life of an insect—egg, larva, pupa, and adult—are different forms of the same animal. As part of his anatomical research, he carried out experiments on muscle contraction...
(1637–1680), Dutch biologist and microscopist - Olof SwartzOlof SwartzOlof Peter Swartz was a Swedish botanist and taxonomist. He is best known for his taxonomic work and studies into pteridophytes...
(1760–1816), Swedish botanist (abbr. in botany: Sw.) - Robert SwinhoeRobert SwinhoeRobert Swinhoe FRS , was an English naturalist who worked as a Consul in Formosa. He discovered many Southeast Asian birds and several, such as Swinhoe's Pheasant, are named after him.-Biography:...
(1836–1877), English naturalist - Colonel W. H. Sykes (1790–1872), English ornithologist
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- Wladyslaw TaczanowskiWladyslaw TaczanowskiWładysław Taczanowski was a Polish zoologist.-Life:A member of an old noble magnate family from the Poznań region, Taczanowski is considered one of the most important European zoologists of the nineteenth century...
(1819–1890), Polish zoologist - Armen TakhtajanArmen TakhtajanArmen Leonovich Takhtajan or Takhtajian , was a Soviet-Armenian botanist, one of the most important figures in 20th century plant evolution and systematics and biogeography. His other interests included morphology of flowering plants, paleobotany, and the flora of the Caucasus...
(born 1910), Russian botanist - Peter Gustaf TengmalmPeter Gustaf TengmalmPeter Gustaf Tengmalm was a Swedish physician and naturalist.Tengmalm was born in Stockholm and studied medicine at Uppsala University. He spent his spare time studying birds and became an accomplished taxidermist. He graduated in 1785 and moved to the town of Eskilstuna, where he worked as the...
(1754–1803), Swedish naturalist - Coenraad Jacob TemminckCoenraad Jacob TemminckCoenraad Jacob Temminck was a Dutch aristocrat and zoologist.Temminck was the first director of the National Natural History Museum at Leiden from 1820 until his death. His Manuel d'ornithologie, ou Tableau systematique des oiseaux qui se trouvent en Europe was the standard work on European birds...
(1778–1858), Dutch zoologist - TheophrastusTheophrastusTheophrastus , a Greek native of Eresos in Lesbos, was the successor to Aristotle in the Peripatetic school. He came to Athens at a young age, and initially studied in Plato's school. After Plato's death he attached himself to Aristotle. Aristotle bequeathed to Theophrastus his writings, and...
(372 BC – 287 BC), biologist and the successor of Aristotle in the Peripatetic school, popularizer of science - Johannes ThieleJohannes ThieleJohannes Thiele, full name Karl Hermann Johannes Thiele was a German zoologist specialized in malacology. His Handbuch der systematischen Weichtierkunde is a standard work...
(1860–1935), German zoologist and malacologist - Michael Rogers Oldfield ThomasOldfield ThomasOldfield Thomas FRS was a British zoologist.Thomas worked at the Natural History Museum on mammals, describing about 2,000 new species and sub-species for the first time. He was appointed to the Museum Secretary's office in 1876, transferring to the Zoological Department in 1878...
(1858–1929), British zoologist - William Thompson (1805–1852), Irish ornithologist and naturalist
- Louis-Marie Aubert du Petit-ThouarsLouis-Marie Aubert du Petit-ThouarsLouis-Marie Aubert du Petit-Thouars was an eminent French botanist.-Introduction:He was from an aristocrat family of the region of Anjou, where he grew up in the castle of Boumois, near Saumur...
(1758–1831), French botanist - Carl Peter ThunbergCarl Peter ThunbergCarl Peter Thunberg aka Carl Pehr Thunberg aka Carl Per Thunberg was a Swedish naturalist and an apostle of Carl Linnaeus. He has been called "the father of South African botany" and the "Japanese Linnaeus"....
(1743–1828), Swedish naturalist - Samuel TickellSamuel TickellColonel Samuel Richard Tickell was a British army officer, artist and ornithologist in India and Burma.Tickell was born at Cuttack in India. He was educated in England, returning at the age of nineteen to join the Bengal Native Infantry. He served in Bengal until 1840, when he was made commander...
(1811–1875), British ornithologist - Niko Tinbergen (1907–1988), Dutch ethologist
- Agostino TodaroAgostino TodaroAgostino Todaro was an Italian botanist.He was born in Palermo, Italy, where he died. He was a professor of botany and became the director of the botanical gardens in Palermo. He published the Hortus Botanicus Panormitanus in 1876-1878....
(1818–1892), Italian botanist - Susumu TonegawaSusumu TonegawaSusumu Tonegawa is a Japanese scientist who won the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1987 for his discovery of the genetic mechanism that produces antibody diversity. Although he won the Nobel Prize for his work in immunology, Tonegawa is a molecular biologist by training...
(born 1939), Japanese biologist, winner of the 1987 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for "discovery of the genetic principle for generation of antibody diversity" - John Torrey (1796–1873), American botanist, first professional in New World
- Joseph Pitton de TournefortJoseph Pitton de TournefortJoseph Pitton de Tournefort was a French botanist, notable as the first to make a clear definition of the concept of genus for plants.- Biography :...
(1656–1708), French botanist - John Kirk TownsendJohn Kirk TownsendJohn Kirk Townsend was an American naturalist, ornithologist and collector.Townsend was born in Philadelphia and trained as a physician and pharmacist. He developed an interest in natural history in general and bird collecting in particular...
(1809–1851), American ornithologist - Thomas Stewart TraillThomas Stewart TraillThomas Stewart Traill was a Scottish physician, chemist, mineralogist, meteorologist, zoologist and scholar of medical jurisprudence.He was the grandfather of the physicist, meteorologist and geologist Robert Traill Omond....
(1781–1862), Scottish doctor and naturalist - Abraham TrembleyAbraham TrembleyAbraham Trembley was a Swiss naturalist. He is best known for being the first to study freshwater polyps or hydra and for being among the first to develop experimental zoology...
(1710–1784), Swiss naturalist - Melchior TreubMelchior TreubMelchior Treub was a Dutch botanist who was born in Voorschoten. In 1873 he graduated from the University of Leiden, and afterwards remained in Leiden as a botanical assistant. From 1880 until 1909 he was a botanist in the Dutch East Indies.Treub is remembered for his botanical work with tropical...
(1851–1910), Dutch botanist - Henry Baker TristramHenry Baker TristramThe Reverend Henry Baker Tristram FRS was an English clergyman, Biblical scholar, traveller and ornithologist.Tristram was born at Eglingham vicarage, near Alnwick, Northumberland, and studied at Durham School and Lincoln College, Oxford. In 1846 he was ordained a priest, but he suffered from...
(1822–1906), English ornithologist - Robert TriversRobert TriversRobert L. Trivers is an American evolutionary biologist and sociobiologist and Professor of Anthropology and Biological Sciences at Rutgers University. Trivers is most noted for proposing the theories of reciprocal altruism , parental investment , facultative sex ratio determination , and...
(born 1943), evolutionary biologist - Édouard Louis TrouessartÉdouard Louis TrouessartÉdouard Louis Trouessart was a French zoologist. He discovered the dust mite....
(1842–1927), French naturalist - Frederick W. TrueFrederick W. TrueFrederick William True was an American biologist, the first head curator of biology at the United States National Museum, now part of the Smithsonian Institution....
(1858–1914), American naturalist - George Washington TryonGeorge Washington TryonGeorge Washington Tryon, Jr. was an American malacologist who worked at the Academy of Natural Sciences in Philadelphia.- Biography :George Washington Tryon was the son of Edward K. Tryon and Adeline Savidt...
Jr. (1838–1888), American malacologist - Bernard TuckerBernard TuckerBernard William Tucker was an English ornithologist. He was lecturer in zoology at Oxford University, a long-time editor of British Birds and one of the authors of The Handbook of British Birds...
(1901–1950), English ornithologist - Edward TuckermanEdward TuckermanEdward Tuckerman was an American botanist and professor who made significant contributions to the study of lichens and other alpine plants. He was a founding member of the Natural History Society of Boston and most of his career was spent at Amherst College...
(1817–1886), American botanist - Endel TulvingEndel TulvingEndel Tulving is an experimental psychologist and cognitive neuroscientist whose research on human memory has influenced generations of psychological scientists, neuroscientists, and clinicians...
(born 1927), Estonian-born Canadian neuroscientist, specializes in episodic memory - Marmaduke TunstallMarmaduke TunstallMarmaduke Tunstall was an English ornithologist and collector. He was the author of Ornithologica Britannica , probably the first British work to use binomial nomenclature....
(1743–1790), English ornithologist - Ruth TurnerRuth TurnerRuth Dixon Turner was a pioneering U.S. marine biologist and malacologist who became the world's expert on Teredinidae or shipworms, a taxonomic family of wood-boring bivalve mollusks which severely damage wooden marine installations....
(1915–2000), marine biologist - William TurtonWilliam TurtonWilliam Turton was a British naturalist.Turton was born at Olveston, Gloucestershire and was educated at Oriel College, Oxford. He commenced in practice at Swansea, but devoted his leisure time to natural history, especially conchology...
(1762–1835), British naturalist
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- Martin VahlMartin Vahl (botanist)Martin Henrichsen Vahl was a Danish-Norwegian botanist and zoologist.He studied botany in Copenhagen and in Uppsala under Carolus Linnaeus. He edited Flora Danica fasc. XVI-XXI , Symbolæ Botanicæ I-III , Eclogæ Americanæ I-IV and Enumeratio Plantarum I-II...
(1749–1804), Norwegian botanist - Sebastien VaillantSébastien VaillantSébastien Vaillant was a French botanist.Vaillant was born at Vigny, Val d'Oise. He studied medicine at Pontoise, and then moved to Paris to practice as a surgeon, where he studied botany at the Jardin des Plantes under Joseph Pitton de Tournefort.Vaillant was appointed to the staff of the Jardin...
(1669–1722), French botanist - Achille ValenciennesAchille ValenciennesAchille Valenciennes was a French zoologist.Valenciennes was born in Paris, and studied under Georges Cuvier. Valenciennes' study of parasitic worms in humans made an important contribution to the study of parasitology...
(1794–1865), French zoologist - Francisco VarelaFrancisco VarelaFrancisco Javier Varela García , was a Chilean biologist, philosopher and neuroscientist who, together with his teacher Humberto Maturana, is best known for introducing the concept of autopoiesis to biology.-Biography:...
(1946–2001), Chilean biologist - Nikolai VavilovNikolai VavilovNikolai Ivanovich Vavilov was a prominent Russian and Soviet botanist and geneticist best known for having identified the centres of origin of cultivated plants...
(1887–1943), Soviet botanist and geneticist, died in prison as a defender of "bourgeois pseudoscience" genetics against Lysenkoism - Damodaran M. Vasudevan (born 1942), Indian physician, immunologist and educationist
- Craig VenterCraig VenterJohn Craig Venter is an American biologist and entrepreneur, most famous for his role in being one of the first to sequence the human genome and for his role in creating the first cell with a synthetic genome in 2010. Venter founded Celera Genomics, The Institute for Genomic Research and the J...
(born 1946), American biologist and businessman - Edouard VerreauxEdouard VerreauxJean Baptiste Édouard Verreaux was a French naturalist, collector and dealer. He was the brother of Jules Verreaux.In 1830 Verreaux travelled to South Africa to help his brother pack up a large consignment of specimens. He returned in 1832 before continuing to Sumatra, Java, the Philippines and...
(1810–1868), French naturalist - Jules VerreauxJules VerreauxJules Pierre Verreaux was a French botanist, ornithologist and professional collector of, and trader in, natural history specimens...
(1807–1873), French botanist and ornithologist - Addison Emery VerrillAddison Emery VerrillAddison Emery Verrill was an American zoologist. He was a student of Louis Agassiz at Harvard University and graduated in 1862...
(1839–1926), an American zoologist - Louis Jean Pierre VieillotLouis Jean Pierre VieillotLouis Jean Pierre Vieillot was a French ornithologist.Vieillot described a large number of birds for the first time, especially those he encountered during the time he spent in the West Indies and North America, and 26 genera established by him are still in use...
(1748–1831), French ornithologist - Nicholas Aylward VigorsNicholas Aylward VigorsNicholas Aylward Vigors was an Irish zoologist and politician.Vigors was born at Old Leighlin, County Carlow. He studied at Trinity College, Oxford. He served in the army during the Peninsular War from 1809 to 1811. He then returned to Oxford, graduating with a B.A. in 1815 and in 1817 with an...
(1785–1840), Irish zoologist - Rudolf VirchowRudolf VirchowRudolph Carl Virchow was a German doctor, anthropologist, pathologist, prehistorian, biologist and politician, known for his advancement of public health...
(1821–1902), German biologist and pathologist, founder of cell theory - Oswaldo Vital BrazilVital BrazilVital Brazil Mineiro da Campanha, known as Vital Brazil was a Brazilian physician, biomedical scientist and immunologist, internationally renowned for the discovery of the polyvalent anti-ophidic serum used to treat bites of venomous snakes of the Crotalus, Bothrops and Elaps genera. He went on...
(1865–1950), Brazilian physician and immunobiologist, discoverer of several antivenoms against snake, scorpion and spider bites - Bert VogelsteinBert VogelsteinBert Vogelstein is a Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator at The Johns Hopkins University. He clarified the role of the gene p53, which repairs DNA in dividing cells and destroys the cell if its DNA cannot be repaired. Damaged p53 is responsible for half of all cancers...
(born 1949), American geneticist - Karel VoousKarel VoousKarel Hendrik Voous PhD, MA was a Dutch ornithologist and author.He was Secretary-General and Honorary President of the International Ornithological Committee.-Books in English:...
(1920–2002), Dutch ornithologist - Mary VoytekMary VoytekDr. Mary A. Voytek is a microbiologist with the United States Geological Survey in Reston, Virginia, and director of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Astrobiology Program at NASA Headquarters in Washington, D.C.- Fields :...
, American biogeochemist and microbial ecologist - Hugo de VriesHugo de VriesHugo Marie de Vries ForMemRS was a Dutch botanist and one of the first geneticists. He is known chiefly for suggesting the concept of genes, rediscovering the laws of heredity in the 1890s while unaware of Gregor Mendel's work, for introducing the term "mutation", and for developing a mutation...
(1848–1935), Dutch botanist
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- Frans de WaalFrans de WaalFransiscus Bernardus Maria de Waal, PhD , is a Dutch primatologist and ethologist. He is the Charles Howard Candler professor of Primate Behavior in the Emory University psychology department in Atlanta, Georgia, and director of the Living Links Center at the Yerkes National Primate Research...
(born 1948), Dutch ethologist, primatologist and psychologist - Coslett Herbert Waddell (1858–1919), Irish botanist
- Jeremy WadeJeremy WadeJeremy John Wade is a British biologist, television presenter, extreme angler and writer specializing in travel and natural history. He is best known for his television series River Monsters, produced by Icon Films...
(1960 - ) Writer and TV presenter with a special interest in rivers and freshwater fish. - Johann Georg WaglerJohann Georg WaglerJohann Georg Wagler was a German herpetologist.Wagler was assistant to Johann Baptist von Spix, and became Director of the Zoological Museum at the University of Munich after Spix's death in 1826...
(1800–1832), German herpetologist - Warren H. WagnerWarren H. WagnerWarren H. Wagner Jr. , known as Herb Wagner, from his middle name, "Herbert," was an eminent American botanist who lived in Michigan...
(1920–2000), American botanist - Göran WahlenbergGöran WahlenbergGeorg Wahlenberg was a Swedish naturalist. He was born in Kroppa, Värmland County.Wahlenberg matriculated at Uppsala University in 1792, received his doctorate in Medicine in 1806, was appointed botanices demonstrator in 1814, and professor of medicine and botany in 1829, succeeding Carl Peter...
(1780–1851), Swedish naturalist - Selman WaksmanSelman WaksmanSelman Abraham Waksman was an American biochemist and microbiologist whose research into organic substances—largely into organisms that live in soil—and their decomposition promoted the discovery of Streptomycin, and several other antibiotics...
(1888–1973), American biochemist, winner of the 1952 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work on antibiotics - Charles Athanase WalckenaerCharles Athanase WalckenaerBaron Charles Athanase Walckenaer was a French civil servant and scientist.-Biography:Walckenaer was born in Paris and studied at the universities of Oxford and Glasgow. In 1793 he was appointed head of the military transports in the Pyrenees, after which he pursued technical studies at the École...
(1771–1852), French entomologist - George WaldGeorge WaldGeorge Wald was an American scientist who is best known for his work with pigments in the retina. He won a share of the 1967 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Haldan Keffer Hartline and Ragnar Granit.- Research :...
(1906–1997), American biologist, winner of the 1967 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work on visual perception - Alfred Russel WallaceAlfred Russel WallaceAlfred Russel Wallace, OM, FRS was a British naturalist, explorer, geographer, anthropologist and biologist...
(1823–1913), British naturalist and biologist - Nathaniel WallichNathaniel WallichNathaniel Wallich was a surgeon and botanist of Danish origin who worked in India initially in the Danish settlement near Calcutta and later joined the East India Company...
(1786–1854), Danish botanist - Benjamin Dann WalshBenjamin Dann WalshBenjamin Dann Walsh was an American entomologist, serving as the first official state entomologist in Illinois from 1867 to 1869.He was born in Worchestershire, England and graduated from Trinity College, Cambridge....
(1808–1869), American entomologist - William Grey WalterWilliam Grey WalterW. Grey Walter was a neurophysiologist and robotician.-Overview:Walter was born in Kansas City, Missouri, in 1910. His ancestry was German/British on his father's side, and American/British on his mother's side. He was brought to England in 1915, and educated at Westminster School and afterwards...
(1910–1977), American neurophysiologist and roboticist, made a number of important discoveries in the field of electroencephalography - Deepal WarakagodaDeepal WarakagodaDeepal Warakagoda is a prominent Sri Lankan ornithologist. His early working career was in electronics, but for many years he has studied birds and also works as a professional guide for birding tours of the island....
(born 1965), Sri Lankan ornithologist - J. Robin WarrenRobin WarrenJohn Robin Warren AC is an Australian pathologist, Nobel Laureate and researcher who is credited with the 1979 re-discovery of the bacterium Helicobacter pylori, together with Barry Marshall.- Life and career :...
(born 1937), Australian pathologist, winner of the 2005 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his discovery that most stomach ulcers are caused by a strain of bacteria - Charles WatertonCharles WatertonCharles Waterton was an English naturalist and explorer.-Heritage and Life:"Squire" Waterton was born at Walton Hall, Wakefield, Yorkshire to Thomas Waterton and Anne Bedingfield. He was of a Roman Catholic landed gentry family descended from Reiner de Waterton...
(1782–1865), English naturalist - James D. WatsonJames D. WatsonJames Dewey Watson is an American molecular biologist, geneticist, and zoologist, best known as one of the co-discoverers of the structure of DNA in 1953 with Francis Crick...
(born 1928), Nobel Prize-winning biologist, co-discoverer of the structure of the DNA molecule - Philip Barker WebbPhilip Barker WebbPhilip Barker Webb was an English botanist.Webb, who was born to a wealthy aristocratic family studied languages, botany, and geology at Harrow and Oxford. He collected plants in Italy, Spain and Portugal, and was the first person to collect in the Tetuan Mountains of Morocco...
(1793–1854), English botanist (abbr. in botany: Webb) - Hugh Algernon WeddellHugh Algernon WeddellHugh Algernon Weddell was a physician and botanist, specialising in South American flora.Weddell was born at Birches House, Painswick near Gloucester, England but was raised in France and educated at the Lycée Henri IV, where he received a medical degree in 1841...
(1819–1877), English botanist (abbr. in botany: Wedd.) - Robert WeinbergRobert WeinbergRobert Allan Weinberg is a Daniel K. Ludwig Professor for Cancer Research at MIT and American Cancer Society Research Professor; his research is in the area of oncogenes and the genetic basis of human cancer. Weinberg is also affiliated with the Broad Institute and is a founding member of the...
, cancer biologist - August WeismannAugust WeismannFriedrich Leopold August Weismann was a German evolutionary biologist. Ernst Mayr ranked him the second most notable evolutionary theorist of the 19th century, after Charles Darwin...
(1834–1914), German biologist - Friedrich WelwitschFriedrich WelwitschFriedrich Martin Josef Welwitsch was an Austrian explorer and botanist who in Angola discovered the plant Welwitschia mirabilis...
(1806–1872), Austrian botanist - Karl WernickeKarl WernickeCarl Wernicke was a German physician, anatomist, psychiatrist and neuropathologist. He earned his medical degree at the University of Breslau...
(1848–1905), German physician and neuroanatomist, discovered Wernicke's area - Victor WesthoffVictor WesthoffVictor Westhoff was a botanist at the Radboud University Nijmegen.Victor Westhoff published 700 scientific papers on phytosociology and conservation, as well as articles on classical music...
(1916–2001), Dutch botanist - Alexander WetmoreAlexander WetmoreFrank Alexander Wetmore was an American ornithologist and avian paleontologist.-Life:Wetmore studied at the University of Kansas...
(1886–1978), American ornithologist - William Morton WheelerWilliam Morton WheelerWilliam Morton Wheeler, Ph.D. was an American entomologist, myrmecologist and Harvard professor.-Early life:...
(1865–1937), American entomologist and myrmecologist - Gilbert WhiteGilbert WhiteGilbert White FRS was a pioneering English naturalist and ornithologist.-Life:White was born in his grandfather's vicarage at Selborne in Hampshire. He was educated at the Holy Ghost School and by a private tutor in Basingstoke before going to Oriel College, Oxford...
(1720–1795), English naturalist - John WhiteJohn White (surgeon)John White was an English surgeon and botanical collector.White was born in Sussex and entered the Royal Navy on 26 June 1778 as third surgeon's mate. He was promoted surgeon in 1780, and was the principal surgeon during the voyage of the First Fleet to Australia...
(c. 1756–1832), English botanist - Robert WiedersheimRobert WiedersheimRobert Wiedersheim was a German anatomist who is famous for publishing a list of 86 “vestigial organs” in his book 'The Structure of Man: An Index to His Past History'....
(1848–1923), German anatomist. - Prince Alexander Philipp Maximilian zu Wied-Neuwied (1782–1867), German explorer and biologist.
- Hans WiehlerHans WiehlerHans Joachim Wiehler was a German botanist who specialized in the plant family Gesneriaceae. In 1954 he received a Bachelor of Arts degree from Goshen College in Goshen, Indiana and a Bachelor of Divinity degree from Goshen Biblical Seminary in 1956. He married in 1958 and remained in the United...
(1930–2003), American botanist (abbr. in botany: Wiehler) - Torsten WieselTorsten WieselTorsten Nils Wiesel was a Swedish co-recipient with David H. Hubel of the 1981 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, for their discoveries concerning information processing in the visual system; the prize was shared with Roger W...
(born 1924), Swedish-born American neurobiologist, winner of the 1981 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his research on information processing in the visual system - Charles WilkesCharles WilkesCharles Wilkes was an American naval officer and explorer. He led the United States Exploring Expedition, 1838-1842 and commanded the ship in the Trent Affair during the American Civil War...
(1798–1877), American explorer and naturalist - Carl Ludwig WilldenowCarl Ludwig WilldenowCarl Ludwig Willdenow was a German botanist, pharmacist, and plant taxonomist. He is considered one of the founders of phytogeography, the study of the geographic distribution of plants...
(1765–1812), German botanist and pharmacist (abbr. in botany: Willd.) - George C. WilliamsGeorge C. WilliamsProfessor George Christopher Williams was an American evolutionary biologist.Williams was a professor emeritus of biology at the State University of New York at Stony Brook. He was best known for his vigorous critique of group selection. The work of Williams in this area, along with W. D...
(born 1926), American evolutionary biologist, credited with introducing the gene-centric view of evolution - Francis WillughbyFrancis Willughbythumbnail|200px|right|A page from the Ornithologia, showing [[Jackdaw]], [[Chough]], [[European Magpie|Magpie]] and [[Eurasian Jay|Jay]], all [[Corvidae|crows]]....
(1635–1672), English ornithologist and ichthyologist - Alexander WilsonAlexander WilsonAlexander Wilson was a Scottish-American poet, ornithologist, naturalist, and illustrator.Wilson was born in Paisley, Scotland, the son of an illiterate distiller. In 1779 he was apprenticed as a weaver. His main interest at this time was in writing poetry...
(1766–1813), Scottish-American ornithologist - E. A. WilsonEdward Adrian WilsonEdward Adrian Wilson was a notable English polar explorer, physician, naturalist, painter and ornithologist.-Early life:...
(1872–1912), English naturalist - Edward O. WilsonE. O. WilsonEdward Osborne Wilson is an American biologist, researcher , theorist , naturalist and author. His biological specialty is myrmecology, the study of ants....
(born 1929), American entomologist and father of sociobiology, two time winner of the Pulitzer Prize - Sergei WinogradskySergei WinogradskySergei Nikolaievich Winogradsky was a Ukrainian-Russian microbiologist, ecologist and soil scientist who pioneered the cycle of life concept. He discovered the first known form of lithotrophy during his research with Beggiatoa in 1887...
(1856–1953), Russian microbiologist, ecologist and soil scientist who pioneered the cycle of life concept and discovered the biological process of nitrification - Caspar WistarCaspar Wistar (physician)Caspar Wistar was an American physician and anatomist. He is sometimes referred to as Caspar Wistar the Younger, to distinguish him from his grandfather of the same name.-Biography:...
(1761–1818), American anatomist and physician. The genus Wisteria is named after him - Henry WitherbyHenry WitherbyHenry Forbes Witherby, M.B.E., F.Z.S., M.B.O.U. was a noted British ornithologist, author, publisher and founding editor of British Birds magazine....
(1873–1943), British ornithologist - William WitheringWilliam WitheringWilliam Withering was an English botanist, geologist, chemist, physician and the discoverer of digitalis.-Introduction:...
(1741–1799), English botanist - Carl WoeseCarl WoeseCarl Richard Woese is an American microbiologist and physicist. Woese is famous for defining the Archaea in 1977 by phylogenetic taxonomy of 16S ribosomal RNA, a technique pioneered by Woese and which is now standard practice. He was also the originator of the RNA world hypothesis in 1977,...
(born 1928), American microbiologist, identified the Archaea, a major division of organisms - Felisa Wolfe-SimonFelisa Wolfe-SimonFelisa Wolfe-Simon is an American microbial geobiologist and biogeochemist. As a NASA research fellow in residence at the US Geological Survey and a member of the NASA Astrobiology Institute, Wolfe-Simon led the team that discovered GFAJ-1, an extremophile bacterium that they claim is capable of...
, American biogeochemist and microbial geobiologist - Flossie Wong-StaalFlossie Wong-StaalFlossie Wong-Staal , born Yee Ching Wong, is a Chinese-American virologist and molecular biologist. She was the first scientist to clone HIV and determine the function of its genes, a major step in proving that HIV is the cause of AIDS...
(born 1947), American virologist - Sewall WrightSewall WrightSewall Green Wright was an American geneticist known for his influential work on evolutionary theory and also for his work on path analysis. With R. A. Fisher and J.B.S. Haldane, he was a founder of theoretical population genetics. He is the discoverer of the inbreeding coefficient and of...
(1889–1988), American geneticist, co-founder of population genetics - V. C. Wynne-Edwards (1906–1997), Scottish zoologist, introduced the hypothesis of group selection in evolution
- Charles Wyville Thompson (1832–1882), Scottish marine biologist
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- Floyd ZaigerFloyd ZaigerFloyd Zaiger is a biologist who is most noted for his work in fruit genetics, and founded Zaiger's Genetics. He was born in Nebraska and grew up in Iowa. Zaiger has developed both cultivars of existing species and new hybrids such as the pluot and the aprium...
(born 1926), fruit geneticist - Eberhard August Wilhelm von ZimmermannEberhard August Wilhelm von ZimmermannEberhard August Wilhelm von Zimmermann was a German geographer and zoologist.Zimmermann was Professor of Natural Science at Brunswick. He wrote Specimen Zoologiae Geographicae Quadrupedum , one of the first works on the geographical distribution of mammals....
(1743–1815), German zoologist - Karl Alfred von ZittelKarl Alfred von ZittelKarl Alfred Ritter von Zittel was a German palaeontologist.-Biography:He was born at Bahlingen in Baden, and educated at Heidelberg, Paris and Vienna. For a short period he served on the Geological Survey of Austria, and as assistant in the mineralogical museum at Vienna...
(1839–1904), German palaeontologist - Joseph Gerhard ZuccariniJoseph Gerhard ZuccariniJoseph Gerhard Zuccarini was a German botanist, Professor of Botany at the University of München. He worked extensively with Philipp Franz von Siebold, assisting in describing his collections from Japan, but also described plants discovered in other areas, including Mexico.-References:...
(1797–1848), German botanist