Henri Milne-Edwards
Encyclopedia
Henri Milne-Edwards was an eminent French
zoologist.
Henri Milne-Edwards
was the 27th child of William Edwards
, an English planter and militia colonel in Jamaica
and Elisabeth Vaux, a French. He was born in Bruges
, Belgium
, where his parents had retired. At that time, Bruges was a part of the newborn French Republic. His father was jailed for several years (for helping some Englishmen in their escape to their country). Henri spent most of his life in France. He was brought up in Paris
by his older brother Guillaume Frederic Edwards(1777-1842), a distinguished physiologist and ethnologist. His father was released after the fall of Napoleon. The whole family then moved to Paris
.
At first he turned his attention to medicine
, in which he graduated as an MD
at Paris
in 1823. His passion for natural history soon prevailed, and he gave himself up to the study of the lower forms of animal life. He became a student of Georges Cuvier
and befriended Jean Victoire Audouin
.
He married Laura Trézel. They had nine children, among whom was Alphonse Milne-Edwards
.
One of his earliest papers (), which was presented to the French Academy of Sciences
in 1829, formed the theme of an elaborate and eulogistic report by Cuvier in the following year. It embodied the results of two dredging expeditions undertaken by him and his friend Audouin during 1826 and 1828 in the neighbourhood of Granville, and was remarkable for clearly distinguishing the marine fauna of that portion of the French coast into four zones.
He became professor of hygiene and natural history in 1832 at the . In 1841, after the death of Audouin, he succeeded him at the chair of entomology at the . In 1862 he succeeded Isidore Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire
in the long-vacant chair of zoology.
Much of his original work was published in the , with the editorship of which he was associated from 1834. Of his books may be mentioned the (3 vols., 1837–1841), which long remained a standard work; , published in 1858-1860, but begun many years before; (1857–1881), in 14 volumes; and a little work on the elements of zoology, originally published in 1834, but subsequently remodelled, which enjoyed an enormous circulation.
In 1842, he was elected a foreign member of the Royal Society
. The Royal Society
in 1856 awarded him the Copley Medal
in recognition of his zoological investigations. He died in Paris
. His son, Alphonse Milne-Edwards
(1835–1900), who became professor of ornithology at the museum in 1876, devoted himself especially to fossil birds and deep-sea exploration.
Edwards, while his son Alphonse
always used Milne-Edwards
. In taxon authorship, the hyphenated name Milne-Edwards
is most often used for both father and son.
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
zoologist.
Henri Milne-Edwards
Milne-Edwards
Milne-Edwards may refer to:* Alphonse Milne-Edwards , French ornithologist and carcinologist. A son of Henri Milne-Edwards.* Henri Milne-Edwards , French zoologist....
was the 27th child of William Edwards
William Edwards
William Edwards may refer to:*William Edwards , minister and architect of the Pontypridd bridge in south Wales*William Edwards , grandson of Jonathan Edwards*William Camden Edwards...
, an English planter and militia colonel in Jamaica
Jamaica
Jamaica is an island nation of the Greater Antilles, in length, up to in width and 10,990 square kilometres in area. It is situated in the Caribbean Sea, about south of Cuba, and west of Hispaniola, the island harbouring the nation-states Haiti and the Dominican Republic...
and Elisabeth Vaux, a French. He was born in Bruges
Bruges
Bruges is the capital and largest city of the province of West Flanders in the Flemish Region of Belgium. It is located in the northwest of the country....
, Belgium
Belgium
Belgium , officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a federal state in Western Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts the EU's headquarters, and those of several other major international organisations such as NATO.Belgium is also a member of, or affiliated to, many...
, where his parents had retired. At that time, Bruges was a part of the newborn French Republic. His father was jailed for several years (for helping some Englishmen in their escape to their country). Henri spent most of his life in France. He was brought up in Paris
Paris
Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...
by his older brother Guillaume Frederic Edwards(1777-1842), a distinguished physiologist and ethnologist. His father was released after the fall of Napoleon. The whole family then moved to Paris
Paris
Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...
.
At first he turned his attention to medicine
Medicine
Medicine is the science and art of healing. It encompasses a variety of health care practices evolved to maintain and restore health by the prevention and treatment of illness....
, in which he graduated as an MD
MD
- Science :* Doctor of Medicine, from the Latin Medicinæ Doctor * Macular degeneration, a condition characterized by progressive thinning and atrophy of the macula area of the retina* Mahalanobis distance, a distance measure introduced by P. C...
at Paris
Paris
Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...
in 1823. His passion for natural history soon prevailed, and he gave himself up to the study of the lower forms of animal life. He became a student of Georges Cuvier
Georges Cuvier
Georges Chrétien Léopold Dagobert Cuvier or Jean Léopold Nicolas Frédéric Cuvier , known as Georges Cuvier, was a French naturalist and zoologist...
and befriended Jean Victoire Audouin
Jean Victoire Audouin
thumb|Victor AudouinJean Victoire Audouin , sometimes Victor Audouin, was a French naturalist, an entomologist, ornithologist and malacologist.Audouin was born in Paris and studied medicine...
.
He married Laura Trézel. They had nine children, among whom was Alphonse Milne-Edwards
Alphonse Milne-Edwards
Alphonse Milne-Edwards was a French mammalologist, ornithologist and carcinologist. He was English in origin, the son of Henri Milne-Edwards and grandson of Bryan Edwards, a Jamaican planter who settled at Bruges .Milne-Edwards obtained a medical degree in 1859 and became assistant to his father...
.
One of his earliest papers (), which was presented to the French Academy of Sciences
French Academy of Sciences
The French Academy of Sciences is a learned society, founded in 1666 by Louis XIV at the suggestion of Jean-Baptiste Colbert, to encourage and protect the spirit of French scientific research...
in 1829, formed the theme of an elaborate and eulogistic report by Cuvier in the following year. It embodied the results of two dredging expeditions undertaken by him and his friend Audouin during 1826 and 1828 in the neighbourhood of Granville, and was remarkable for clearly distinguishing the marine fauna of that portion of the French coast into four zones.
He became professor of hygiene and natural history in 1832 at the . In 1841, after the death of Audouin, he succeeded him at the chair of entomology at the . In 1862 he succeeded Isidore Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire
Isidore Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire
Isidore Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire was a French zoologist and an authority on deviation from normal structure. He coined the term ethology.He was born in Paris, the son of Étienne Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire...
in the long-vacant chair of zoology.
Much of his original work was published in the , with the editorship of which he was associated from 1834. Of his books may be mentioned the (3 vols., 1837–1841), which long remained a standard work; , published in 1858-1860, but begun many years before; (1857–1881), in 14 volumes; and a little work on the elements of zoology, originally published in 1834, but subsequently remodelled, which enjoyed an enormous circulation.
In 1842, he was elected a foreign member of the Royal Society
Royal Society
The Royal Society of London for Improving Natural Knowledge, known simply as the Royal Society, is a learned society for science, and is possibly the oldest such society in existence. Founded in November 1660, it was granted a Royal Charter by King Charles II as the "Royal Society of London"...
. The Royal Society
Royal Society
The Royal Society of London for Improving Natural Knowledge, known simply as the Royal Society, is a learned society for science, and is possibly the oldest such society in existence. Founded in November 1660, it was granted a Royal Charter by King Charles II as the "Royal Society of London"...
in 1856 awarded him the Copley Medal
Copley Medal
The Copley Medal is an award given by the Royal Society of London for "outstanding achievements in research in any branch of science, and alternates between the physical sciences and the biological sciences"...
in recognition of his zoological investigations. He died in Paris
Paris
Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...
. His son, Alphonse Milne-Edwards
Alphonse Milne-Edwards
Alphonse Milne-Edwards was a French mammalologist, ornithologist and carcinologist. He was English in origin, the son of Henri Milne-Edwards and grandson of Bryan Edwards, a Jamaican planter who settled at Bruges .Milne-Edwards obtained a medical degree in 1859 and became assistant to his father...
(1835–1900), who became professor of ornithology at the museum in 1876, devoted himself especially to fossil birds and deep-sea exploration.
Name
Originally the name Milne was one of the first names of Henri, but, to avoid confusion with his numerous relatives, he added it to his surname Edwards. He usually wrote it as MilneMilne
Milne may refer to:People with the surname Milne*Milne Places*Milne Bay, large bay in Milne Bay Province*Milne Bay Province, Papua New Guinea*Milne Inlet, Nunavut, Canada*Milne Land, large island in eastern Greenland...
Edwards, while his son Alphonse
Alphonse
Alphonse is a French masculine given name. It may refer to :* Alphonse Allais , a French writer and humorist* Alphonse Alley , a Beninese army officer and political figure...
always used Milne-Edwards
Milne-Edwards
Milne-Edwards may refer to:* Alphonse Milne-Edwards , French ornithologist and carcinologist. A son of Henri Milne-Edwards.* Henri Milne-Edwards , French zoologist....
. In taxon authorship, the hyphenated name Milne-Edwards
Milne-Edwards
Milne-Edwards may refer to:* Alphonse Milne-Edwards , French ornithologist and carcinologist. A son of Henri Milne-Edwards.* Henri Milne-Edwards , French zoologist....
is most often used for both father and son.
Honor
The name of Henri Milne-Edwards is honored in several names of genera and species, such as:- EdwardsiaEdwardsiaEdwardsia is a genus of sea anemones, the type of the family Edwardsiidae. They have eight mesenteries and live in tubes in the sand. The name, in New Latin, commemorates French zoologist Henri Milne-Edwards ....
de Quatrefages, 1841 - Edwardsiella Andres, 1883
- HenriciaHenriciaHenricia is a genus of slender-armed sea stars belonging to the family Echinasteridae.The sea stars from this genus are ciliary suspension-feeders, filtering phytoplankton.- Species :...
J. E. Gray, 1840 - Myrianida edwardsi (de Saint-Joseph, 1887)
- Lophoura edwardsi Kölliker, 1853
- Plesiopenaeus edwardsianus (Johnson, 1867)
- Plesionika edwardsii (Brandt, 1851)
- Dynamene edwardsi (Lucas, 1849)
- Grapsicepon edwardsi Giard & Bonnier, 1888
- Glossocephalus milneedwardsi Bovallius, 1887
- Onisimus edwardsii (Krøyer, 1846)
- Diastylis edwardsi (Krøyer, 1841)
- Neoamphitrite edwardsii (de Quatrefages, 1865)
- Colpaster edwardsi (Perrier, 1882)
- Milnesium Doyère, 1840
- Jasus edwardsii (Hutton, 1875)
- Odontozona edwardsi (Bouvier, 1908)
- Milneedwardsia Bourguignat, 1877
- Boeckosimus edwardsii (Krøyer, 1846)
- Lithophyllon edwardsi (Rosseau, 1850)
- Goniastria edwardsi Chevalier, 1971
- Fedora edwardsi Jullien, 1882
- Ciona edwardsi (Roule, 1886)
- Maasella edwardsi (de Lacaze-Duthiers, 1888)
- Forskalia edwardsi Kölliker, 1853
- Costa edwardsii (Roemer, 1838)
- Colobomatus edwardsi (Richiardi, 1876)
- Salmincola edwardsi (Olsson, 1869)
- Aristaeopsis edwardsianus (Johnson, 1867)
- Sergestes edwardsii Krøyer, 1855
- Odontozona edwardsi (Bouvier, 1908)
- Alphaeus edwardsii (Audouin, 1826)
- Ebalia edwardsii Costa, 1838
- Fedora edwardsi Jullien, 1882
- Teuchopora edwardsi (Jullien, 1882)
- Calliostoma milneedwardsiCalliostoma milneedwardsiCalliostoma milneedwardsi is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Calliostomatidae....
Locard, 1898 - Ocinebrina edwardsiiOcinebrina edwardsiiOcinebrina edwardsii is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails.-Taxonomy:The following vatieties have been brought into synonymy :...
Payraudeau, 1826 - Discodoris edwardsiDiscodoris edwardsiDiscodoris edwardsi is a species of sea slug, a dorid nudibranch, shell-less marine gastropod mollusks in the family Discodorididae....
Vayssière, 1902 - Tergipes edwardsii Nordmann, 1844
- Sadayoshia edwardsii (Miers, 1884)
- Periclimenes edwardsi (Paulson, 1875)
- Ocenebra edwardsi Payraudeau, 1826
- Conus milneedwardsiConus milneedwardsiConus milneedwardsi , known to collectors as the "Glory of India", is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies....
F. P. Jousseaume, 1894 - Montipora edwardsi Bernard, 1879
- Goniastrea edwardsi Chevalier, 1971
- Pagurus edwardsi (Dana, 1852)
- Chirostylus milneedwardsi (Henderson, 1885)
- Pisoides edwardsi Bell, 1835
- Cancer edwardsi Bell, 1835
- Haploblepharus edwardsiiPuffadder shysharkThe puffadder shyshark or happy Eddie is a species of catshark, family Scyliorhinidae, endemic to the temperate waters off South Africa. This common shark is found on or near the bottom in sandy or rocky habitats, from the intertidal zone to a depth of . Typically reaching in length, the...
Voigt, 1832 - Diogenes edwardsii (de Haan, 1849)