October 22
Encyclopedia
Events
- 362362Year 362 was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Mamertinus and Nevitta...
– A mysterious fire destroys the Temple of ApolloTemple of ApolloTemple of Apollo can refer to:*Greece**Temple of Apollo, Corinth**Temple of Apollo **Temple of Apollo at Bassae**Temple of Apollo Patroos*Cyprus**Temple of Apollo Hylates, Limassol*Italy**Temple of Apollo Palatinus, in Rome...
at DaphneDaphneDaphne was a female minor nature deity. Pursued by Apollo, she fled and was chased. Daphne begged the gods for help, who then transformed her into Laurel.-Overview:...
outside AntiochAntiochAntioch on the Orontes was an ancient city on the eastern side of the Orontes River. It is near the modern city of Antakya, Turkey.Founded near the end of the 4th century BC by Seleucus I Nicator, one of Alexander the Great's generals, Antioch eventually rivaled Alexandria as the chief city of the...
. - 794794Year 794 was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar. The denomination 794 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.- Asia :* Kyoto becomes the Japanese capital, ending...
– Emperor Kanmu relocates the Japanese capital to Heiankyo (now KyotoKyotois a city in the central part of the island of Honshū, Japan. It has a population close to 1.5 million. Formerly the imperial capital of Japan, it is now the capital of Kyoto Prefecture, as well as a major part of the Osaka-Kobe-Kyoto metropolitan area.-History:...
). - 1383 – The 1383-1385 Crisis in PortugalPortugalPortugal , officially the Portuguese Republic is a country situated in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Portugal is the westernmost country of Europe, and is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the West and South and by Spain to the North and East. The Atlantic archipelagos of the...
: King Fernando dies without a male heir to the Portuguese throne, sparking a period of civil warCivil warA civil war is a war between organized groups within the same nation state or republic, or, less commonly, between two countries created from a formerly-united nation state....
and disorder. - 1575 – Foundation of Aguascalientes.
- 1633 – Battle of southern Fujian sea: The Ming dynastyMing DynastyThe Ming Dynasty, also Empire of the Great Ming, was the ruling dynasty of China from 1368 to 1644, following the collapse of the Mongol-led Yuan Dynasty. The Ming, "one of the greatest eras of orderly government and social stability in human history", was the last dynasty in China ruled by ethnic...
defeats the Dutch East India CompanyDutch East India CompanyThe Dutch East India Company was a chartered company established in 1602, when the States-General of the Netherlands granted it a 21-year monopoly to carry out colonial activities in Asia...
. - 1707 – Scilly naval disasterScilly naval disaster of 1707Scilly naval disaster of 1707 is an umbrella term for the events of 22 October 1707 that led to the sinking of a British naval fleet off the Isles of Scilly. With four large ships and more than 1,400 sailors lost in stormy weather, it was one of the greatest maritime disasters in the history of...
: four British Royal NavyRoyal NavyThe Royal Navy is the naval warfare service branch of the British Armed Forces. Founded in the 16th century, it is the oldest service branch and is known as the Senior Service...
ships run aground near the Isles of ScillyIsles of ScillyThe Isles of Scilly form an archipelago off the southwestern tip of the Cornish peninsula of Great Britain. The islands have had a unitary authority council since 1890, and are separate from the Cornwall unitary authority, but some services are combined with Cornwall and the islands are still part...
because of faulty navigationNavigationNavigation is the process of monitoring and controlling the movement of a craft or vehicle from one place to another. It is also the term of art used for the specialized knowledge used by navigators to perform navigation tasks...
. Admiral Sir Cloudesley ShovellCloudesley ShovellAdmiral of the Fleet Sir Cloudesley Shovell , was an English naval officer. Rising through the ranks and fighting in many of the important battles of the late 17th and early 18th centuries, he became a popular British hero, whose celebrated career was brought to an end in a disastrous shipwreck in...
and thousands of sailors drown. - 1730 – Construction of the Ladoga CanalLadoga CanalLadoga Canal is a historical water transport route, now situated in Leningrad Oblast, linking the Neva and the Svir River so as to bypass the stormy waters of Lake Ladoga which lies immediately to the north...
is completed. - 1746 – The College of New Jersey (later renamed Princeton UniversityPrinceton UniversityPrinceton University is a private research university located in Princeton, New Jersey, United States. The school is one of the eight universities of the Ivy League, and is one of the nine Colonial Colleges founded before the American Revolution....
) receives its charter. - 1777 – American Revolutionary WarAmerican Revolutionary WarThe American Revolutionary War , the American War of Independence, or simply the Revolutionary War, began as a war between the Kingdom of Great Britain and thirteen British colonies in North America, and ended in a global war between several European great powers.The war was the result of the...
: American defenders of Fort MercerFort MercerFort Mercer was one of two forts constructed in 1777 on the Delaware River during the American Revolutionary War, by the Continental Army, under the command of George Washington, to block the approach to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: Fort Mifflin, on the Pennsylvania side, and Fort Mercer, on the New...
on the Delaware River repulse repeated Hessian attacks in the Battle of Red BankBattle of Red BankThe Battle of Red Bank was a battle of the American Revolutionary War in which a Hessian force was sent to take Fort Mercer on the left bank of the Delaware River just south of Philadelphia, but was decisively defeated by a far inferior force of Colonial defenders...
. - 1784 – RussiaRussian EmpireThe Russian Empire was a state that existed from 1721 until the Russian Revolution of 1917. It was the successor to the Tsardom of Russia and the predecessor of the Soviet Union...
founds a colony on Kodiak IslandKodiak IslandKodiak Island is a large island on the south coast of the U.S. state of Alaska, separated from the Alaska mainland by the Shelikof Strait. The largest island in the Kodiak Archipelago, Kodiak Island is the second largest island in the United States and the 80th largest island in the world, with an...
, AlaskaAlaskaAlaska is the largest state in the United States by area. It is situated in the northwest extremity of the North American continent, with Canada to the east, the Arctic Ocean to the north, and the Pacific Ocean to the west and south, with Russia further west across the Bering Strait...
. - 1790 – Warriors of the Miami tribeMiami tribeThe Miami are a Native American nation originally found in what is now Indiana, southwest Michigan, and western Ohio. The Miami Tribe of Oklahoma is the only federally recognized tribe of Miami Indians in the United States...
under Chief Little Turtle defeat United States troops under General Josiah HarmarJosiah HarmarJosiah Harmar was an officer in the United States Army during the American Revolution and the Northwest Indian War. He was the senior officer in the Army for seven years....
at the site of present-day Fort Wayne, IndianaFort Wayne, IndianaFort Wayne is a city in the US state of Indiana and the county seat of Allen County. The population was 253,691 at the 2010 Census making it the 74th largest city in the United States and the second largest in Indiana...
, in the Northwest Indian WarNorthwest Indian WarThe Northwest Indian War , also known as Little Turtle's War and by various other names, was a war fought between the United States and a confederation of numerous American Indian tribes for control of the Northwest Territory...
. - 1797 – One thousand meters (3,200 feet) above ParisParisParis is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...
, André-Jacques GarnerinAndré-Jacques GarnerinAndré-Jacques Garnerin was the inventor of the frameless parachute. He was born in Paris.His early experiments were based on umbrella-shaped devices...
makes the first recorded parachuteParachuteA parachute is a device used to slow the motion of an object through an atmosphere by creating drag, or in the case of ram-air parachutes, aerodynamic lift. Parachutes are usually made out of light, strong cloth, originally silk, now most commonly nylon...
jump. - 1836 – Sam HoustonSam HoustonSamuel Houston, known as Sam Houston , was a 19th-century American statesman, politician, and soldier. He was born in Timber Ridge in the Shenandoah Valley of Virginia, of Scots-Irish descent. Houston became a key figure in the history of Texas and was elected as the first and third President of...
is inaugurated as the first President of the Republic of TexasRepublic of TexasThe Republic of Texas was an independent nation in North America, bordering the United States and Mexico, that existed from 1836 to 1846.Formed as a break-away republic from Mexico by the Texas Revolution, the state claimed borders that encompassed an area that included all of the present U.S...
. - 1844 – The Great Anticipation: MilleritesMilleritesThe Millerites were the followers of the teachings of William Miller who, in 1833, first shared publicly his belief in the coming Second Advent of Jesus Christ in roughly the year 1843.-Origins:...
, followers of William MillerWilliam Miller (preacher)William Miller was an American Baptist preacher who is credited with beginning the mid-nineteenth century North American religious movement now known as Adventism. Among his direct spiritual heirs are several major religious denominations, including Seventh-day Adventists and Advent Christians...
, anticipate the end of the world in conjunction with the Second Advent of Christ. The following day became known as the Great DisappointmentGreat DisappointmentThe Great Disappointment was a major event in the history of the Millerite movement, a 19th-century American Christian sect that formed out of the Second Great Awakening. Based on his interpretations of the prophecies in the book of Daniel The Great Disappointment was a major event in the history...
. - 1859 – SpainSpainSpain , officially the Kingdom of Spain languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Spain's official name is as follows:;;;;;;), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula...
declares war on MoroccoMoroccoMorocco , officially the Kingdom of Morocco , is a country located in North Africa. It has a population of more than 32 million and an area of 710,850 km², and also primarily administers the disputed region of the Western Sahara...
. - 1866 – A plebiscite ratifies the annexion of VenetoVenetoVeneto is one of the 20 regions of Italy. Its population is about 5 million, ranking 5th in Italy.Veneto had been for more than a millennium an independent state, the Republic of Venice, until it was eventually annexed by Italy in 1866 after brief Austrian and French rule...
and MantuaMantuaMantua is a city and comune in Lombardy, Italy and capital of the province of the same name. Mantua's historic power and influence under the Gonzaga family, made it one of the main artistic, cultural and notably musical hubs of Northern Italy and the country as a whole...
to ItalyItalyItaly , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
, occurred three days before, on October 19. - 1875 – First telegraphic connection in ArgentinaArgentinaArgentina , officially the Argentine Republic , is the second largest country in South America by land area, after Brazil. It is constituted as a federation of 23 provinces and an autonomous city, Buenos Aires...
. - 1877 – The Blantyre mining disasterBlantyre mining disasterThe Blantyre mining disaster, which happened on the morning of 22 October 1877, in Blantyre, Scotland, was and remains Scotland’s worst mining accident. Pits No. 2 and No. 3 of William Dixon's Blantyre Colliery were the site of an explosion which killed 207 miners, the youngest being a boy of 11...
in ScotlandScotlandScotland is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. Occupying the northern third of the island of Great Britain, it shares a border with England to the south and is bounded by the North Sea to the east, the Atlantic Ocean to the north and west, and the North Channel and Irish Sea to the...
kills 207 miners. - 1878 – The first rugbyRugby footballRugby football is a style of football named after Rugby School in the United Kingdom. It is seen most prominently in two current sports, rugby league and rugby union.-History:...
match under floodlights takes place in Salford, between Broughton and SwintonSwinton LionsSwinton Lions is an English professional rugby league club from Swinton, Greater Manchester. The club has won the Championship six times and three Challenge Cups. They currently play in the Championship.-Early years:...
. - 1879 – Using a filament of carbonCarbonCarbon is the chemical element with symbol C and atomic number 6. As a member of group 14 on the periodic table, it is nonmetallic and tetravalent—making four electrons available to form covalent chemical bonds...
ized thread, Thomas EdisonThomas EdisonThomas Alva Edison was an American inventor and businessman. He developed many devices that greatly influenced life around the world, including the phonograph, the motion picture camera, and a long-lasting, practical electric light bulb. In addition, he created the world’s first industrial...
tests the first practical electric incandescent light bulbIncandescent light bulbThe incandescent light bulb, incandescent lamp or incandescent light globe makes light by heating a metal filament wire to a high temperature until it glows. The hot filament is protected from air by a glass bulb that is filled with inert gas or evacuated. In a halogen lamp, a chemical process...
(it lasted 13½ hours before burning out). - 1883 – The Metropolitan Opera HouseMetropolitan OperaThe Metropolitan Opera is an opera company, located in New York City. Originally founded in 1880, the company gave its first performance on October 22, 1883. The company is operated by the non-profit Metropolitan Opera Association, with Peter Gelb as general manager...
in New York CityNew York CityNew York is the most populous city in the United States and the center of the New York Metropolitan Area, one of the most populous metropolitan areas in the world. New York exerts a significant impact upon global commerce, finance, media, art, fashion, research, technology, education, and...
opens with a performance of Gounod'sCharles GounodCharles-François Gounod was a French composer, known for his Ave Maria as well as his operas Faust and Roméo et Juliette.-Biography:...
FaustFaust (opera)Faust is a drame lyrique in five acts by Charles Gounod to a French libretto by Jules Barbier and Michel Carré from Carré's play Faust et Marguerite, in turn loosely based on Johann Wolfgang von Goethe's Faust, Part 1...
. - 1895 – In ParisParisParis is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...
an express train overruns a buffer stopBuffer stopA buffer stop or bumper is a device to prevent railway vehicles from going past the end of a physical section of track.The design of the buffer stop is dependent in part upon the kind of couplings that the railway uses, since the coupling gear is the first part of the vehicle that the buffer stop...
and crosses more than 30 metres of concourse before plummeting through a window at Gare MontparnasseGare MontparnasseParis Montparnasse is one of the six large terminus railway stations of Paris, located in the Montparnasse area in the XIVe arrondissement. The station was opened in 1840, and rebuilt completely in 1969...
. - 1907 – Panic of 1907Panic of 1907The Panic of 1907, also known as the 1907 Bankers' Panic, was a financial crisis that occurred in the United States when the New York Stock Exchange fell almost 50% from its peak the previous year. Panic occurred, as this was during a time of economic recession, and there were numerous runs on...
: A run on the stock of the Knickerbocker Trust CompanyKnickerbocker Trust CompanyThe Knickerbocker Trust, chartered in 1884 by Frederick G. Eldridge, a friend and classmate of financier J.P. Morgan, figured at one time among the largest banks in the United States and a central player in the Panic of 1907. As a trust company, its main business was serving as trustee for...
sets events in motion that will lead to a depressionDepression (economics)In economics, a depression is a sustained, long-term downturn in economic activity in one or more economies. It is a more severe downturn than a recession, which is seen by some economists as part of the modern business cycle....
. - 1910 – Dr. CrippenHawley Harvey CrippenHawley Harvey Crippen , usually known as Dr. Crippen, was an American homeopathic physician hanged in Pentonville Prison, London, on November 23, 1910, for the murder of his wife, Cora Henrietta Crippen...
is convicted at the Old BaileyOld BaileyThe Central Criminal Court in England and Wales, commonly known as the Old Bailey from the street in which it stands, is a court building in central London, one of a number of buildings housing the Crown Court...
of poisoning his wife and is subsequently hanged at Pentonville PrisonPentonville (HM Prison)HM Prison Pentonville is a Category B/C men's prison, operated by Her Majesty's Prison Service. Pentonville Prison is not actually within Pentonville itself, but is located further north, on the Caledonian Road in the Barnsbury area of the London Borough of Islington, in inner-North London,...
in LondonLondonLondon is the capital city of :England and the :United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom, and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures. Located on the River Thames, London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its...
. - 1924 – Toastmasters InternationalToastmasters InternationalToastmasters International is a nonprofit educational organization that operates clubs worldwide for the purpose of helping members improve their communication, public speaking and leadership skills...
is founded. - 1926 – J. Gordon Whitehead sucker punches magician Harry HoudiniHarry HoudiniHarry Houdini was a Hungarian-born American magician and escapologist, stunt performer, actor and film producer noted for his sensational escape acts...
in the stomach in Montreal. - 1927 – Nikola TeslaNikola TeslaNikola Tesla was a Serbian-American inventor, mechanical engineer, and electrical engineer...
exposed his six (6) new inventions including motor with onephase electricity - 1928 – Phi Sigma AlphaPhi Sigma AlphaPhi Sigma Alpha Fraternity commonly known as La Sigma, is a Puerto Rican fraternity established originally as the Sigma Delta Alpha Fraternity on October 22, 1928 at the University of Puerto Rico by 12 students and a professor...
fraternity is founded at the University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras CampusUniversity of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras CampusThe University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras , also referred to as UPR-RP, is a public research university located on a campus in Río Piedras, San Juan, Puerto Rico...
. - 1934 – In East Liverpool, OhioEast Liverpool, OhioAs of the census of 2000, there were 13,089 people, 5,261 households, and 3,424 families residing in the city. The population density was 3,010.3 people per square mile . There were 5,743 housing units at an average density of 1,320.8 per square mile...
, Federal Bureau of InvestigationFederal Bureau of InvestigationThe Federal Bureau of Investigation is an agency of the United States Department of Justice that serves as both a federal criminal investigative body and an internal intelligence agency . The FBI has investigative jurisdiction over violations of more than 200 categories of federal crime...
agents shoot and kill notorious bank robberBank robberyBank robbery is the crime of stealing from a bank during opening hours. According to the Federal Bureau of Investigation's Uniform Crime Reporting Program, robbery is "the taking or attempting to take anything of value from the care, custody, or control of a person or persons by force or threat of...
Pretty Boy FloydPretty Boy FloydCharles Arthur "Pretty Boy" Floyd was an American bank robber. He operated in the West South Central States, and his criminal exploits gained heavy press coverage in the 1930s. Like most other prominent outlaws of that era, he was killed by law enforcement officers...
.
- 1941 – World War IIWorld War IIWorld War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
: French resistance member Guy MôquetGuy MôquetGuy Môquet was a young French Communist militant. During the German occupation of France during World War II, he was taken hostage by the Nazis and executed by firing squad in retaliation for attacks on Germans by the French Resistance...
and 29 other hostages are executed by the Germans in retaliation for the death of a German officer. - 1943 – World War II: in the Second firestormFirestormA firestorm is a conflagration which attains such intensity that it creates and sustains its own wind system. It is most commonly a natural phenomenon, created during some of the largest bushfires, forest fires, and wildfires...
raid on Germany, the Royal Air ForceRoyal Air ForceThe Royal Air Force is the aerial warfare service branch of the British Armed Forces. Formed on 1 April 1918, it is the oldest independent air force in the world...
conducts an air raidBombing of Kassel in World War IIThe Kassel World War II bombings were a set of Allied strategic bombing attacks which took place from February 1942 to March 1945. The fire of the most severe air raid burned for seven days, at least 10,000 people died, 150,000 inhabitants were bombed-out, and the vast majority of the city center...
on the town of KasselKasselKassel is a town located on the Fulda River in northern Hesse, Germany. It is the administrative seat of the Kassel Regierungsbezirk and the Kreis of the same name and has approximately 195,000 inhabitants.- History :...
, killing 10,000 and rendering 150,000 homeless. - 1957 – Vietnam WarVietnam WarThe Vietnam War was a Cold War-era military conflict that occurred in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from 1 November 1955 to the fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975. This war followed the First Indochina War and was fought between North Vietnam, supported by its communist allies, and the government of...
: First United StatesUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
casualties in VietnamVietnamVietnam – sometimes spelled Viet Nam , officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam – is the easternmost country on the Indochina Peninsula in Southeast Asia. It is bordered by China to the north, Laos to the northwest, Cambodia to the southwest, and the South China Sea –...
. - 1962 – Cuban Missile CrisisCuban Missile CrisisThe Cuban Missile Crisis was a confrontation among the Soviet Union, Cuba and the United States in October 1962, during the Cold War...
: US President John F. KennedyJohn F. KennedyJohn Fitzgerald "Jack" Kennedy , often referred to by his initials JFK, was the 35th President of the United States, serving from 1961 until his assassination in 1963....
, after internal counsel from Dwight D. EisenhowerDwight D. EisenhowerDwight David "Ike" Eisenhower was the 34th President of the United States, from 1953 until 1961. He was a five-star general in the United States Army...
, announces that American reconnaissance planes have discovered Soviet nuclear weaponNuclear weaponA nuclear weapon is an explosive device that derives its destructive force from nuclear reactions, either fission or a combination of fission and fusion. Both reactions release vast quantities of energy from relatively small amounts of matter. The first fission bomb test released the same amount...
s in CubaCubaThe Republic of Cuba is an island nation in the Caribbean. The nation of Cuba consists of the main island of Cuba, the Isla de la Juventud, and several archipelagos. Havana is the largest city in Cuba and the country's capital. Santiago de Cuba is the second largest city...
, and that he has ordered a naval "quarantine" of the Communist nation. - 1963 – A BAC One-ElevenBAC One-ElevenThe British Aircraft Corporation One-Eleven, also known as the BAC-111, BAC-1-11 or BAC 1-11, was a British short-range jet airliner of the 1960s and 1970s...
prototype airliner crashes in UK with the loss of all on board. - 1964 – Jean-Paul SartreJean-Paul SartreJean-Paul Charles Aymard Sartre was a French existentialist philosopher, playwright, novelist, screenwriter, political activist, biographer, and literary critic. He was one of the leading figures in 20th century French philosophy, particularly Marxism, and was one of the key figures in literary...
is awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature, but turns down the honor. - 1964 – CanadaCanadaCanada is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and northward into the Arctic Ocean...
: A Multi-Party Parliamentary Committee selects the design which becomes the new official Flag of CanadaFlag of CanadaThe national flag of Canada, also known as the Maple Leaf, and , is a red flag with a white square in its centre, featuring a stylized 11-pointed red maple leaf. Its adoption in 1965 marked the first time a national flag had been officially adopted in Canada to replace the Union Flag...
. - 1966 – The SupremesThe SupremesThe Supremes, an American female singing group, were the premier act of Motown Records during the 1960s.Originally founded as The Primettes in Detroit, Michigan, in 1959, The Supremes' repertoire included doo-wop, pop, soul, Broadway show tunes, psychedelic soul, and disco...
become the first all-female musicMusicMusic is an art form whose medium is sound and silence. Its common elements are pitch , rhythm , dynamics, and the sonic qualities of timbre and texture...
group to attain a No. 1 selling albumAlbumAn album is a collection of recordings, released as a single package on gramophone record, cassette, compact disc, or via digital distribution. The word derives from the Latin word for list .Vinyl LP records have two sides, each comprising one half of the album...
(The Supremes A' Go-GoSupremes A' Go-GoThe Supremes A' Go-Go is a 1966 album by Motown singing group The Supremes. The album was the first album by an all-female group to reach number-one on the Billboard 200 album charts in the United States....
). - 1966 – The Soviet Union launches Luna 12Luna 12-External links:*...
. - 1968 – Apollo program: Apollo 7Apollo 7Apollo 7 was the first manned mission in the American Apollo space program, and the first manned US space flight after a cabin fire killed the crew of what was to have been the first manned mission, AS-204 , during a launch pad test in 1967...
safely splashes down in the Atlantic OceanAtlantic OceanThe Atlantic Ocean is the second-largest of the world's oceanic divisions. With a total area of about , it covers approximately 20% of the Earth's surface and about 26% of its water surface area...
after orbiting the EarthEarthEarth is the third planet from the Sun, and the densest and fifth-largest of the eight planets in the Solar System. It is also the largest of the Solar System's four terrestrial planets...
163 times. - 1972 – Vietnam WarVietnam WarThe Vietnam War was a Cold War-era military conflict that occurred in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from 1 November 1955 to the fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975. This war followed the First Indochina War and was fought between North Vietnam, supported by its communist allies, and the government of...
: In Saigon, Henry KissingerHenry KissingerHeinz Alfred "Henry" Kissinger is a German-born American academic, political scientist, diplomat, and businessman. He is a recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize. He served as National Security Advisor and later concurrently as Secretary of State in the administrations of Presidents Richard Nixon and...
and South VietnamSouth VietnamSouth Vietnam was a state which governed southern Vietnam until 1975. It received international recognition in 1950 as the "State of Vietnam" and later as the "Republic of Vietnam" . Its capital was Saigon...
ese President Nguyen Van ThieuNguyen Van ThieuNguyễn Văn Thiệu was president of South Vietnam from 1965 to 1975. He was a general in the Army of the Republic of Vietnam , became head of a military junta, and then president after winning a fraudulent election...
meet to discuss a proposed cease-fire that had been worked out between AmericanUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
s and North VietnamNorth VietnamThe Democratic Republic of Vietnam , was a communist state that ruled the northern half of Vietnam from 1954 until 1976 following the Geneva Conference and laid claim to all of Vietnam from 1945 to 1954 during the First Indochina War, during which they controlled pockets of territory throughout...
ese in ParisParisParis is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...
. - 1975 – The Soviet unmanned space mission Venera 9Venera 9Venera 9 was a USSR unmanned space mission to Venus. It consisted of an orbiter and a lander. It was launched on June 8, 1975 02:38:00 UTC and weighed 4,936 kg...
lands on Venus. - 1976 – Red Dye No. 4 is banned by the US Food and Drug Administration after it is discovered that it causes tumorTumorA tumor or tumour is commonly used as a synonym for a neoplasm that appears enlarged in size. Tumor is not synonymous with cancer...
s in the bladders of dogDogThe domestic dog is a domesticated form of the gray wolf, a member of the Canidae family of the order Carnivora. The term is used for both feral and pet varieties. The dog may have been the first animal to be domesticated, and has been the most widely kept working, hunting, and companion animal in...
s. The dye is still used in CanadaCanadaCanada is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and northward into the Arctic Ocean...
. - 1981 – The United States Federal Labor Relations Authority votes to decertify the Professional Air Traffic Controllers Organization for its strikeStrike actionStrike action, also called labour strike, on strike, greve , or simply strike, is a work stoppage caused by the mass refusal of employees to work. A strike usually takes place in response to employee grievances. Strikes became important during the industrial revolution, when mass labour became...
the previous August. - 1983 – Two correctional officersPrison officerA prison officer , also referred to as a corrections officer , correctional officer , or detention officer , is a person charged with the responsibility of the supervision, safety and security of prisoners in a prison, jail, or similar form of secure...
are killed by inmates at the United States PenitentiaryUnited States Penitentiary, MarionThe United States Penitentiary is a Federal Bureau of Prisons facility located in Southern Precinct, unincorporated Williamson County, Illinois. The facility is located south of Marion, from St. Louis, and from Chicago. It was built in 1963 to replace the Alcatraz prison in San Francisco, which...
in Marion, IllinoisMarion, IllinoisThe city of Marion is the county seat of Williamson County, Illinois. The 2010 census counted 17,193 residents, making Marion the 25th most populated city outside of the Chicago Metropolitan Area, in Illinois, and the second most populous city in Southern Illinois, outside of the Metro-East, behind...
. The incident inspires the SupermaxSupermaxSupermax is the name used to describe "control-unit" prisons, or units within prisons, which represent the most secure levels of custody in the prison systems of certain countries...
model of prisons. - 1999 – Maurice PaponMaurice PaponMaurice Papon was a French civil servant, industrial leader and Gaullist politician, who was convicted for crimes against humanity for his participation in the deportation of over 1600 Jews during World War II when he was secretary general for police of the Prefecture of Bordeaux.Papon also...
, an official in the Vichy FranceVichy FranceVichy France, Vichy Regime, or Vichy Government, are common terms used to describe the government of France that collaborated with the Axis powers from July 1940 to August 1944. This government succeeded the Third Republic and preceded the Provisional Government of the French Republic...
government during World War IIWorld War IIWorld War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
, is jailed for crimes against humanity. - 2005 – Tropical Storm Alpha forms in the Atlantic Basin, making the 2005 Atlantic Hurricane Season2005 Atlantic hurricane seasonThe 2005 Atlantic hurricane season was the most active Atlantic hurricane season in recorded history, repeatedly shattering numerous records. The impact of the season was widespread and ruinous with an estimated 3,913 deaths and record damage of about $159.2 billion...
the most active Atlantic hurricane season on record with 22 named storms. - 2006 – A Panama Canal expansion proposalPanama Canal Expansion ProposalThe Expansion of the Panama Canal is a project that will double the capacity of the Panama Canal by 2014 by allowing more and larger ships to transit...
is approved by 77.8% of voters in a National referendumPanama Canal expansion referendum, 2006The Panama Canal expansion referendum was held on October 22, 2006, when the citizens of Panama approved the Panama Canal expansion project by a wide margin.-Constitutional background:...
held in PanamaPanamaPanama , officially the Republic of Panama , is the southernmost country of Central America. Situated on the isthmus connecting North and South America, it is bordered by Costa Rica to the northwest, Colombia to the southeast, the Caribbean Sea to the north and the Pacific Ocean to the south. The...
. - 2007 – Raid on Anuradhapura Air Force BaseRaid on Anuradhapura Air Force BaseThe Raid on Anuradhapura Air Force Base, code-named Operation Ellaalan, was a successful commando raid conducted on SLAF Anuradhapura an Air Force Base in Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka by the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam...
is carried out by 21 Tamil Tiger commandos. All except one died in this attack. Eight Sri Lankan Air ForceSri Lankan Air ForceThe Sri Lanka Air Force is the air arm and the youngest of the Sri Lanka Armed Forces. It was founded in 1951 as the Royal Ceylon Air Force with the assistance of the Royal Air Force . The SLAF played a major role throughout the Sri Lankan Civil War...
planes are destroyed and 10 damaged. - 2008 – IndiaIndiaIndia , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...
launches its first unmanned lunar mission Chandrayaan-1.
Births
- 1071 – William IX, Duke of AquitaineWilliam IX of AquitaineWilliam IX , called the Troubador, was the Duke of Aquitaine and Gascony and Count of Poitou between 1086 and his death. He was also one of the leaders of the Crusade of 1101...
and poet (d. 1126) - 1197 – Emperor JuntokuEmperor Juntokuwas the 84th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. His reign spanned the years from 1210 through 1221.-Genealogy:...
of Japan (d. 1242) - 1511 – Erasmus ReinholdErasmus ReinholdErasmus Reinhold was a German astronomer and mathematician, considered to be the most influential astronomical pedagogue of his generation. He was born and died in Saalfeld, Saxony....
, German astronomer and mathematician (d. 1553) - 1558 – Jacques SirmondJacques SirmondJacques Sirmond was a French scholar and Jesuit.Simond was born at Riom, Auvergne. He was educated at the Jesuit College of Billom; having been a novice at Verdun and then at Pont-Mousson, he entered into the order on the 26 July 1576...
, French scholar and Jesuit (d. 1651) - 1592 – Gustaf Horn, Swedish soldier and politician (d. 1657)
- 1689 – King John V of Portugal (d. 1750)
- 1701 – Maria Amalia of AustriaMaria Amalia of AustriaMaria Amalia of Austria was the younger daughter of Holy Roman Emperor Joseph I and Wilhelmine Amalia of Brunswick-Lüneburg...
, Holy Roman Empire Empress (d. 1756) - 1729 – Johann Reinhold ForsterJohann Reinhold ForsterJohann Reinhold Forster was a German Lutheran pastor and naturalist of partial Scottish descent who made contributions to the early ornithology of Europe and North America...
, German botanist (d. 1798) - 1734 – Daniel BooneDaniel BooneDaniel Boone was an American pioneer, explorer, and frontiersman whose frontier exploits mad']'e him one of the first folk heroes of the United States. Boone is most famous for his exploration and settlement of what is now the Commonwealth of Kentucky, which was then beyond the western borders of...
, American pioneer and hunter (d. 1820) - 1749 – Cornelis van der AaCornelis van der AaCornelis van der Aa , was a bookseller in Haarlem when he was convicted in 1796 by the schepenen of the city to five years imprisonment and consecutive perpetual exile from the department Holland for political reasons as a follower of the stadtholders. At the end of 1799, he was released and...
, Dutch convicted bookseller(d. 1816) - 1809 – Volney E. HowardVolney E. HowardVolney Erskine Howard was an American lawyer, statesman, and jurist.-Career:Howard commenced law practice in Brandon, Mississippi...
, American politician (d. 1889) - 1811 – Franz LisztFranz LisztFranz Liszt ; ), was a 19th-century Hungarian composer, pianist, conductor, and teacher.Liszt became renowned in Europe during the nineteenth century for his virtuosic skill as a pianist. He was said by his contemporaries to have been the most technically advanced pianist of his age...
, Hungarian pianist and composer (d. 1886) - 1818 – Charles-Marie-René Leconte de LisleCharles-Marie-René Leconte de LisleCharles Marie René Leconte de Lisle was a French poet of the Parnassian movement.-Life:Leconte de Lisle was born on the island of Réunion. His father, an army surgeon, who brought him up with great severity, sent him to travel in the East Indies with a view to preparing him for a commercial life...
, French poet (d. 1894) - 1821 – Collis Potter Huntington, American railroad executive (d. 1900)
- 1844 – Louis RielLouis RielLouis David Riel was a Canadian politician, a founder of the province of Manitoba, and a political and spiritual leader of the Métis people of the Canadian prairies. He led two resistance movements against the Canadian government and its first post-Confederation Prime Minister, Sir John A....
, Canadian Metis Political Leader (d. 1885) - 1844 – Sarah BernhardtSarah BernhardtSarah Bernhardt was a French stage and early film actress, and has been referred to as "the most famous actress the world has ever known". Bernhardt made her fame on the stages of France in the 1870s, and was soon in demand in Europe and the Americas...
, French Actress (d. 1923) - 1858 – German Empress Augusta VictoriaAugusta Viktoria of Schleswig-HolsteinAugusta Victoria of Schleswig-Holstein was the last German Empress and Queen of Prussia. Her full German name was Auguste Victoria Friederike Luise Feodora Jenny von Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Augustenburg.She was the eldest daughter of Frederick VIII, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein and Princess...
, wife of German Emperor Wilhelm II (d. 1921) - 1865 – Kristjan RaudKristjan RaudKristjan Raud was an Estonian painter and draughtsman.His parents were Jaan Raud and his wife Henriette Loviisa Raud...
, Estonian painter (d. 1943) - 1870 – Alfred Douglas, English partner of Oscar WildeOscar WildeOscar Fingal O'Flahertie Wills Wilde was an Irish writer and poet. After writing in different forms throughout the 1880s, he became one of London's most popular playwrights in the early 1890s...
(d. 1945) - 1870 – Ivan Bunin, Russian writer, Nobel PrizeNobel Prize in LiteratureSince 1901, the Nobel Prize in Literature has been awarded annually to an author from any country who has, in the words from the will of Alfred Nobel, produced "in the field of literature the most outstanding work in an ideal direction"...
laureate (d. 1953) - 1873 – Gustaf John RamstedtGustaf John RamstedtGustaf John Ramstedt was a Swedish-speaking Finnish linguist and diplomat.-Biography:Ramstedt was born in Ekenäs in Southern Finland....
, Finland-Swedish linguist and diplomat (d. 1950) - 1875 – David van EmbdenDavid van EmbdenDavid van Embden , was a Dutch politician, first for the Free-thinking Democratic League , later for the Labour Party ....
, Dutch politician (d. 1962) - 1881 – Clinton DavissonClinton DavissonClinton Joseph Davisson , was an American physicist who won the 1937 Nobel Prize in Physics for his discovery of electron diffraction. Davisson shared the Nobel Prize with George Paget Thomson, who independently discovered electron diffraction at about the same time as Davisson.-Early...
, American physicist, Nobel PrizeNobel Prize in PhysicsThe Nobel Prize in Physics is awarded once a year by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. It is one of the five Nobel Prizes established by the will of Alfred Nobel in 1895 and awarded since 1901; the others are the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize in Literature, Nobel Peace Prize, and...
laureate (d. 1958) - 1881 – Karl Bernhard ZoeppritzKarl Bernhard ZoeppritzKarl Bernhard Zoeppritz was a German geophysicist who made important contributions to seismology, in particular the formulation of the Zoeppritz equations. These equations relate the amplitudes of P-waves and S-waves at each side of an interface between two arbitrary elastic media as a function of...
, German geophysicist (d. 1908) - 1886 – Erik BergmanErik Bergman (Lutheran minister)Erik Bergman was a Swedish parish minister of the Lutheran Church and Ingmar Bergman's father.Erik Bergman was born at Mörbylånga, Kalmar County in 1886. He was ordained to the Swedish State Church in Uppsala in 1912 and served as a priest in Valbo as of 1913...
, Lutheran pastor (d. 1970) - 1887 – John Reed, American journalist (d. 1920)
- 1891 – Parker FennellyParker FennellyParker Fennelly was an American actor who appeared in ten films, numerous television episodes and hundreds of radio programs.-Allen's Alley:...
, American comedian and actor (d. 1988) - 1894 – Mei LanfangMéi LánfangMei Lanfang was one of the most famous Beijing opera artists in modern history, exclusively known for his qingyi roles, a type of dan role. Méi Lánfāng is his stage name, and in Chinese it is generally considered a feminine name. His real name was Méi Lán...
, Chinese opera performer (d. 1961) - 1896 – Charles Glen KingCharles Glen KingCharles Glen King was an American biochemist who was a pioneer in the field of nutrition research and who isolated vitamin C at the same time as Albert Szent-Györgyi...
, American biochemist (d. 1988) - 1900 – Ashfaqulla KhanAshfaqulla KhanAshfaqulla Khan was a Muslim freedom fighter in the Indian independence movement who had given away his life along with Ram Prasad Bismil. Bismil and Ashfaq, both were good friends and Urdu poets...
, Indian Revolutionary (d. 1927) - 1903 – George Wells Beadle, American geneticist, Nobel laureateNobel Prize in Physiology or MedicineThe Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine administered by the Nobel Foundation, is awarded once a year for outstanding discoveries in the field of life science and medicine. It is one of five Nobel Prizes established in 1895 by Swedish chemist Alfred Nobel, the inventor of dynamite, in his will...
(d. 1989) - 1903 – Curly HowardCurly HowardJerome Lester "Jerry" Horwitz , better known by his stage name Curly Howard, was an American comedian and vaudevillian. He is best known as a member of the American slapstick comedy team the Three Stooges, along with his older brothers Moe Howard and Shemp Howard, and actor Larry Fine...
, American actor and comedian, member of the Three StoogesThree StoogesThe Three Stooges were an American vaudeville and comedy act of the early to mid–20th century best known for their numerous short subject films. Their hallmark was physical farce and extreme slapstick. In films, the Stooges were commonly known by their first names: "Moe, Larry, and Curly" and "Moe,...
(d. 1952) - 1904 – Constance BennettConstance Bennett-Early life:She was born in New York City, the daughter of actor Richard Bennett and actress Adrienne Morrison, whose father was the stage actor Lewis Morrison , a wealthy performer of English and Spanish ancestry...
, American actress (d. 1965) - 1905 – Joseph KosmaJoseph KosmaJoseph Kosma was a Hungarian-French composer, of Jewish background.-Biography:Kosma was born József Kozma in Budapest, where his parents taught stenography and typing. He had a brother, Akos. A maternal relative was the photographer László Moholy-Nagy, and another relative was the conductor Georg...
, Hungarian-born composer (d. 1969) - 1906 – Kees van BaarenKees van BaarenKees van Baaren was a Dutch composer and teacher.Van Baaren was born in Enschede. His early studies were in Berlin with Rudolph Breithaupt and Friedrich Koch at the Stern conservatory. After returning to the Netherlands in 1929, he studied with Willem Pijper...
, Dutch composer (d. 1970) - 1907 – Jimmie FoxxJimmie FoxxJames Emory "Jimmie" Foxx , nicknamed "Double X" and "The Beast", was a right-handed American Major League Baseball first baseman and noted power hitter....
, American baseball player (d. 1967) - 1908 – John GouldJohn Gould (columnist)John Thomas Gould was an American humorist, essayist, and columnist who wrote a column for the Christian Science Monitor for over sixty years from a farm in Lisbon Falls, Maine...
, American humorist, essayist, and columnist (d. 2003) - 1912 – Frances DrakeFrances Drake (actor)Frances Drake was an American actress, is best known for playing Eponine in Les Misérables .-Life and career:Born in New York City, her parents moved to Canada when she was four...
, American actress (d. 2000) - 1912 – George N. LeightonGeorge N. LeightonGeorge Neves Leighton is a retired African-American judge.- Personal life :...
, American jurist - 1913 – Bảo ĐạiBảo ĐàiBảo Đài is a commune and village in Lục Nam District, Bac Giang Province, in northeastern Vietnam.-References:...
, Emperor of Vietnam (d. 1997) - 1913 – Tamara DesniTamara DesniTamara Desni was a German-born British actress.-Biography:Born as Tamara Brodsky, the daughter of actress Xenia Desni, Tamara Desni was born in Berlin....
, German-born British actress (d. 2008) - 1913 – Robert CapaRobert CapaRobert Capa was a Hungarian combat photographer and photojournalist who covered five different wars: the Spanish Civil War, the Second Sino-Japanese War, World War II across Europe, the 1948 Arab-Israeli War, and the First Indochina War...
, American war photographer (born in HungaryHungaryHungary , officially the Republic of Hungary , is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is situated in the Carpathian Basin and is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine and Romania to the east, Serbia and Croatia to the south, Slovenia to the southwest and Austria to the west. The...
) (d. 1954) - 1913 – Hans-Peter TschudiHans-Peter TschudiHans-Peter Tschudi was a Swiss politician and member of the Swiss Federal Council heading the Department of Home Affairs ....
, Swiss Federal Councilor (d. 2002) - 1917 – Joan FontaineJoan FontaineJoan de Beauvoir de Havilland , known professionally as Joan Fontaine, is a British American actress. She and her elder sister Olivia de Havilland are two of the last surviving leading ladies from Hollywood of the 1930s....
, American actress - 1918 – Lou KleinLou KleinLouis Frank Klein was an infielder for the St. Louis Cardinals, the Cleveland Indians, and the Philadelphia Athletics, but he was best known as one of the players that jumped to the Mexican League and was subsequently banned by Commissioner Happy Chandler for a five year span .Klein was the...
, American baseball player (d. 1976) - 1919 – Doris LessingDoris LessingDoris May Lessing CH is a British writer. Her novels include The Grass is Singing, The Golden Notebook, and five novels collectively known as Canopus in Argos....
, British writer, Nobel Prize laureate - 1919 – Kathleen AnkersKathleen AnkersKathleen Ankers was an American scenic designer. Born in Ealing, London, she moved to the US in the late 1940s. She did occasional Broadway costume design and set design Kathleen Ankers (22 October 1919 - 24 October 2001, Lenox Hill Hospital, New York City) was an American scenic designer. ...
, American scenic designer (d. 2001) - 1920 – Timothy LearyTimothy LearyTimothy Francis Leary was an American psychologist and writer, known for his advocacy of psychedelic drugs. During a time when drugs like LSD and psilocybin were legal, Leary conducted experiments at Harvard University under the Harvard Psilocybin Project, resulting in the Concord Prison...
, American writer (d. 1996) - 1921 – Georges BrassensGeorges BrassensGeorges Brassens , 22 October 1921 – 29 October 1981), was a French singer-songwriter and poet.Brassens was born in Sète, a town in southern France near Montpellier...
, French singer (d. 1981) - 1921 – Alexander KronrodAlexander KronrodAleksandr Semenovich Kronrod was a Soviet mathematician and computer scientist, best known for the Gauss-Kronrod quadrature formula which he published in 1964. Earlier his computations informed theoretical physics...
, Russian mathematician (d. 1986) - 1922 – Juan Carlos Lorenzo, Argentine footballer (d. 2001)
- 1923 – Bert TrautmannBert TrautmannBernhard Carl "Bert" Trautmann, OBE is a German former professional footballer who played for Manchester City from 1949 to 1964. Brought up during times of inter-war strife in Germany, Trautmann joined the Luftwaffe early in the Second World War, serving as a paratrooper...
, German former footballer - 1925 – Robert RauschenbergRobert RauschenbergRobert Rauschenberg was an American artist who came to prominence in the 1950s transition from Abstract Expressionism to Pop Art. Rauschenberg is well-known for his "Combines" of the 1950s, in which non-traditional materials and objects were employed in innovative combinations...
, American painter and graphic artist (d. 2008) - 1927 – Allan HendrickseAllan HendrickseHelenard Joe Hendrickse was a South African politician, Congregationalist minister, and teacher. He participated in an act of defiance by swimming at a South African beach reserved for whites only. He was born in Uitenhage in the Eastern Cape and died of a heart attack at Port Elizabeth's airport...
, South African politician (d. 2005) - 1928 – Nelson Pereira dos Santos, Brazilian movie director
- 1929 – Lev YashinLev YashinLev Ivanovich Yashin nicknamed as "The Black Spider", was a Soviet-Russian football goalkeeper, considered by many to be the greatest goalkeeper in the history of the game. He was known for his superior athleticism in goal, imposing stature, amazing reflex saves and inventing the idea of...
, Soviet footballer (d. 1990) - 1929 – Dory PrevinDory PrevinDory Previn, née Dorothy Veronica Langan , is an American lyricist, singer-songwriter and poet.During the late 1950s and 1960s she was a lyricist for motion picture songs, and with her first husband André Previn received several Academy Award nominations...
, American songwriter - 1933 – Helmut SenekowitschHelmut SenekowitschHelmut Senekowitsch was an Austrian football player and later a football manager.-Club career:He played for several clubs, including SK Sturm Graz, Real Betis and FC Wacker Innsbruck.-International career:...
, Austrian footballer (d. 2007) - 1934 – Rita SakellariouRita SakellariouRita Sakellariou was a famous Greek singer. Amongst her fans were Andreas Papandreou, Melina Mercouris, Aristotle Onasis, Anthony Quinn and others. She worked with some of the greater Greek musicians like Vassilis Tsitsanis and Giannis Papaioannou...
, Greek singer (d. 1999) - 1935 – Ann RuleAnn RuleAnn Rule is an American true crime writer.-Personal life:Ann Rule was born on October 22, 1935 in Lowell, Michigan to Chester R. "Stack" Stackhouse and Sophie Hansen. Her mother was a school teacher, specializing in developmentally disabled children and her father was a basketball, football and...
, American true-crime writer - 1936 – Col. John Blashford-SnellJohn Blashford-SnellColonel John Nicholas Blashford-Snell OBE is a former British Army officer, explorer and author.John Blashford-Snell was educated at Victoria College, Jersey and at the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst, then commissioned into the Royal Engineers.Amongst his expeditions have been the first descent...
, British explorer and author - 1936 – Bobby SealeBobby SealeRobert George "Bobby" Seale , is an activist. He is known for co-founding the Black Panther Party with Huey Newton.-Early life:...
, American civil rights activist - 1937 – Manos LoïzosManos LoïzosManos Loïzos was considered to be one of the most important Greek music composers of the 20th century.-Biography:...
, Greek composer (d. 1982) - 1938 – Derek JacobiDerek JacobiSir Derek George Jacobi, CBE is an English actor and film director.A "forceful, commanding stage presence", Jacobi has enjoyed a highly successful stage career, appearing in such stage productions as Hamlet, Uncle Vanya, and Oedipus the King. He received a Tony Award for his performance in...
, English actor - 1938 – Christopher LloydChristopher LloydChristopher Allen Lloyd is an American actor. He is best known for playing Emmett Brown in the Back to the Future trilogy, Uncle Fester in The Addams Family and Addams Family Values, and Judge Doom in Who Framed Roger Rabbit. He played Reverend Jim Ignatowski in the television series Taxi and more...
, American actor - 1938 – Timos PerlegasTimos PerlegasTimos Perlegas was a Greek actor. He died from a heart attack.-Early life:...
, Greek actor (d. 1993) - 1939 – George CohenGeorge CohenGeorge Reginald Cohen MBE was the right back for England in the side which won the 1966 World Cup. He is the uncle of Rugby Union World Cup winner, Ben Cohen.-Football career:...
, English footballer - 1939 – Tony RobertsTony Roberts (actor)David Anthony "Tony" Roberts is an American actor. He is best known for his roles in several Woody Allen movies, usually cast as Allen's best friend.-Early life:...
, American actor - 1939 – Joaquim ChissanoJoaquim ChissanoJoaquim Alberto Chissano served as the second President of Mozambique for nineteen years from 6 November 1986 until 2 February 2005. Since stepping down as president, Chissano has become an elder statesman and is called upon by international bodies, such as the United Nations, to be an envoy or...
, former (2nd) President of Mozambique - 1939 – Jean-Pierre DesthuilliersJean-Pierre DesthuilliersJean-Pierre Desthuilliers, born on October 22, 1939 in Versailles, is a French writer and poet.- Biography:Jean-Pierre Desthuilliers went to high school at the collège Albert de Mun, at Michel Bouts' école du Gai Savoir, a school based on the principles of active learning, then at the co-ed lycée...
, French writer and poet - 1942 – Annette FunicelloAnnette FunicelloAnnette Joanne Funicello is an American singer and actress. She was Walt Disney's most popular cast member of the original Mickey Mouse Club, and went on to appear in a series of beach party films.-Early life and early stardom:...
, American actress - 1942 – Bobby FullerBobby FullerRobert Gaston "Bobby" Fuller was an American rock singer, songwriter, and guitar player best known for his singles "I Fought the Law" and "Love's Made a Fool of You," recorded with his mid-1960s group, the Bobby Fuller Four....
, American rock guitarist (d. 1966) - 1943 – Jan de BontJan de BontJan de Bont is a Dutch cinematographer, producer, and film director.-Early life and career:De Bont was born, one of 17 children, to a Roman Catholic family in Eindhoven, Netherlands. His earliest work after studying at the Amsterdam Film Academy was with the Dutch avant garde director Adriaan...
, Dutch film director - 1943 – Catherine DeneuveCatherine DeneuveCatherine Deneuve is a French actress. She gained recognition for her portrayal of aloof and mysterious beauties in films such as Repulsion and Belle de jour . Deneuve was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Actress in 1993 for her performance in Indochine; she also won César Awards for that...
, French actress - 1943 – Allen CoageAllen CoageAllen James Coage was an American professional wrestler with the WWF and Stampede Wrestling among many other companies, better known by his ring names Bad News Brown and Bad News Allen. He was also the 1976 Olympic bronze medal winner in judo, in the heavyweight division...
, American professional wrestler (d. 2007) - 1943 – Robert LongRobert LongRobert Long may refer to:*Robert Long , English Member of Parliament*Sir Robert Long, 1st Baronet, Auditor of the Exchequer*Sir Robert Long, 6th Baronet , British politician...
, Dutch singer, songwriter and television presenter.(d. 2006) - 1945 – Leslie WestLeslie WestLeslie West is an American rock guitarist, singer and songwriter.-Biography:Originally named Leslie Weinstein, West was born in New York City, grew up in Hackensack, New Jersey, and in East Meadow, Forest Hills and Lawrence. After his parents divorced, he changed his surname to West...
, American musician - 1945 – Sheila SherwoodSheila SherwoodSheila Sherwood is a former international Long jumper whose career highlights included a silver medal at the 1968 Summer Olympics in Mexico, and a gold medal at the 1970 British Commonwealth Games in Edinburgh...
, British long jumper - 1945 – Yvan PontonYvan PontonYvan Ponton is a Quebec actor, commentator and television host. Ponton has had a lengthy acting career which included roles in major Quebec television series and movies as well as the 1977 film Slap Shot....
, Canadian actor and television host - 1946 – Kelvin MacKenzieKelvin MacKenzieKelvin Calder MacKenzie is an English media executive and former newspaper editor. He is best known for being editor of The Sun newspaper between 1981 and 1994, an era in which the paper was established as Britain's best selling newspaper.- Biography :MacKenzie was educated at Alleyn's School...
, British media tycoon - 1946 – Deepak ChopraDeepak ChopraDeepak Chopra is an Indian medical doctor, public speaker, and writer on subjects such as spirituality, Ayurveda and mind-body medicine. Chopra began his career as an endocrinologist and later shifted his focus to alternative medicine. Chopra now runs his own medical center, with a focus on...
, Indian-American physician and writer - 1946 – Claude CharronClaude CharronClaude Charron is a former CEGEP teacher, provincial politician, writer and broadcaster. He graduated from the Université de Montréal with a degree in political science. During 1969 and 1970 he taught at Cégep Édouard-Montpetit and the Cégep du Vieux Montréal.In 1970, Claude Charron entered...
, French-Canadian politician and TV personality - 1946 – Eddie BrigatiEddie BrigatiEddie Brigati is an American singer and songwriter.Most memorably, Brigati shared vocals, and played tambourine, in the pop group The Young Rascals from 1965 to 1970...
, American singer (The RascalsThe RascalsThe Rascals were an American blue-eyed soul group initially active during the years 1965–72. The band released numerous top ten singles in North America during the mid- and late-1960s, including the U.S. #1 hits "Good Lovin'" , "Groovin'" , and "People Got to Be Free"...
) - 1946 – Richard McGonagleRichard McGonagleRichard Francis McGonagle is an American actor and voice actor.McGonagle was born in Boston, Massachusetts, the son of Hildagard Virginia and William Francis McGonagle....
, American voice actor - 1947 – Raymond BachandRaymond BachandRaymond Bachand is a politician, a businessman and a lawyer in Quebec, Canada. He is the Member of the National Assembly of Quebec for the riding of Outremont, and a member of the Quebec Liberal Party caucus. He is also the current minister of Finances and Revenue in the cabinet of Premier of...
, French-Canadian politician and businessman - 1947 – Haley BarbourHaley BarbourHaley Reeves Barbour is an American Republican politician currently serving as the 63rd Governor of Mississippi. He gained a national spotlight in August 2005 after Mississippi was hit by Hurricane Katrina. Barbour won re-election as Governor in 2007...
, American politician, 63rd Governor of Mississippi - 1947 – Apostolos KontosApostolos KontosApostolos Kontos is a Greek former professional basketball player and coach. He is considered to be one of the great players in Panathinaikos Athens history. He was also a long-time member of the Greek national basketball team....
, Greek basketball player - 1948 – Lynette Fromme, American attempted assassin of Gerald FordGerald FordGerald Rudolph "Jerry" Ford, Jr. was the 38th President of the United States, serving from 1974 to 1977, and the 40th Vice President of the United States serving from 1973 to 1974...
- 1949 – Stiv BatorsStiv BatorsStiv Bators , was an American punk rockvocalist and guitarist from Youngstown, Ohio. He is best remembered for his bands, The Dead Boys and The Lords of the New Church.- Music and film career :...
, American musician (The Dead BoysThe Dead BoysThe Dead Boys were an American punk rock band from Cleveland, Ohio. Among the first wave of early punk bands, the Dead Boys were initially active from 1976 to 1979, briefly reuniting in 1987, 2004 and 2005.-Formation and 1970s punk rock era:...
) (d. 1990) - 1949 – Vasilios MagginasVasilios MagginasVasilios Magginas is Greek politician, member of the Greek Parliament for the New Democracy for the Aetolia-Acarnania constituency and ex-minister....
, Greek politician - 1949 – Arsène WengerArsène WengerArsène Wenger, OBE is a French association football manager and former player, who has managed English Premier League side Arsenal since 1996...
, French football manager - 1952 – Jeff GoldblumJeff GoldblumJeffrey Lynn "Jeff" Goldblum is an American actor. His career began in the mid-1970s and he has appeared in major box-office successes including The Fly, Jurassic Park and its sequel Jurassic Park: The Lost World, and Independence Day...
, American actor - 1956 – Frank DiPinoFrank DiPinoFrank Michael DiPino is a former pitcher in Major League Baseball who played for the Milwaukee Brewers, Houston Astros, Chicago Cubs, St. Louis Cardinals, and Kansas City Royals...
, American baseball player - 1959 – Arto SalminenArto SalminenArto Salminen was a Finnish writer known for his social commentary. Salminen, who had also worked as a journalist and taxi driver, wrote six novels which criticised with a morbid black sense of humour such current phenomena in Finnish society as neoliberalist politics, the decline of the welfare...
, Finnish writer (d. 2005) - 1959 – Marc ShaimanMarc ShaimanMarc Shaiman is an American composer, lyricist, arranger, and performer for films, television, and theatre. He is perhaps best known for writing the music and co-writing the lyrics for the Broadway musical version of the cult John Waters film Hairspray, for which Shaiman won Tony and Grammy...
, American composer - 1960 – Darryl Jenifer, American bassist (Bad BrainsBad BrainsBad Brains is an American hardcore punk band formed in Washington, D.C., in 1977. They are widely regarded as among the pioneers of hardcore punk, though the band's members objected to this term to describe their music. They are also an adept reggae band, while later recordings featured elements of...
) - 1960 – Cris KirkwoodCris KirkwoodChristopher "Cris" Kirkwood is an American musician who is the bassist and a founding member of the Meat Puppets, an alternative punk rock band.-Biography:...
, American musician (Meat PuppetsMeat PuppetsThe Meat Puppets are an American rock band formed in January 1980, in Phoenix, Arizona. The group's original lineup was Curt Kirkwood , his brother Cris Kirkwood , and Derrick Bostrom . The Kirkwood brothers met Bostrom while attending Brophy Prep High School in Phoenix...
) - 1961 – Robert TortiRobert TortiRobert Felix Torti is an American actor.Torti was born in Van Nuys, California. He married DeLee Lively on June 24, 1999. Together, they have three children.-Filmography:*Quincy M.E....
, American actor - 1962 – Hüseyin Kenan AydınHüseyin Kenan AydinHüseyin Kenan Aydın is a German politician of Kurdish descent and member of "Die Linke."- External links :*...
, German politician - 1962 – Bob OdenkirkBob OdenkirkRobert "Bob" Odenkirk is an American actor, comedian, writer, director and producer. He is best known as the co-creator and co-star of the HBO sketch comedy series Mr...
, American actor and comedian (Mr. ShowMr. ShowMr. Show with Bob and David is an American sketch comedy series featuring former Saturday Night Live writer/actor Bob Odenkirk and stand up comedian/actor David Cross...
) - 1963 – Brian BoitanoBrian BoitanoBrian Anthony Boitano is an American figure skater from Sunnyvale, California. He is the 1988 Olympic champion, the 1986 and 1988 World Champion, and the 1985-1988 U.S. National Champion. He turned professional following the 1988 season...
, American figure skater - 1964 – Dražen PetrovićDražen PetrovicDražen Petrović was a Yugoslav and Croatian professional basketball player. A shooting guard, he initially achieved success playing professional basketball in Europe in the 1980s before joining the American NBA in 1989...
, Croatian basketball player (d. 1993) - 1964 – Toby Mac, American singer and songwriter
- 1965 – John Wesley HardingJohn Wesley Harding (singer)Wesley Stace is a folk/pop singer-songwriter and author who goes by the stage name John Wesley Harding. He has called his style of music folk noir and gangsta folk...
, American musician - 1965 – Otis SmithOtis Smith (football)Otis Smith is a retired American football cornerback, and currently an assistant coach of the Kansas City Chiefs.-Professional career:...
, American football player - 1965 – Piotr "Peter" WiwczarekPiotr WiwczarekPiotr Wiwczarek , also known as Peter, is a Polish guitarist and vocalist who is the frontman for the death metal band Vader, although joined the band as their bassist. He has also collaborated with Kazimierz "Para" Paraszczuk on his tribute album, Bandid Rockin', and is the producer of several of...
, frontman of the Polish deathmetal band VaderVader (band)Vader is a Polish death metal band from Olsztyn, formed in 1983. According to Piotr Wiwczarek, the band's founding singer and guitar player, the band's name was inspired by Darth Vader from the Star Wars film series. Lyrical themes include stories by H. P. Lovecraft, WW2, horror and anti-christian... - 1966 – Valeria GolinoValeria GolinoValeria Golino is an Italian-Greek film and television actress. She is best known to English language audiences for the 1988 film Rain Man, and the Hot Shots! films...
, Italian actress - 1967 – Salvatore Di VittorioSalvatore Di VittorioSalvatore Di Vittorio is an Italian composer and conductor. He is Music Director and Conductor of the Chamber Orchestra of New York "Ottorino Respighi".-Biography:...
, Italian composer and conductor - 1967 – Rita GuerraRita GuerraRita Guerra is a Portuguese singer.-Biography: Born and raised in Lisbon, she has been very successful in her home country of Portugal. She has long competed in the Portuguese national pre-selection for the Eurovision Song Contest. She first participated in 1992, making it to the national final...
, Portuguese singer - 1967 – Ulrike MaierUlrike MaierUlrike Maier was an Austrian alpine ski racer, two-time Super-G World Alpine Ski Champion.Born in Rauris, Maier won the Super-G gold medal at the FIS Alpine World Ski Championships in both 1989 and 1991. She also took home the giant slalom silver medal in the 1991 event...
, Austrian alpine skier (d. 1994) - 1967 – Carlos MenciaCarlos MenciaCarlos Mencia , born Ned Arnel Mencia, is a Honduran-born American comedian, writer, and actor. His style of comedy is often political and involves issues of race, culture, criminal justice, and social class...
, Honduras-born American comedian - 1967 – Ron TugnuttRon TugnuttRonald Frederick Bradley Tugnutt is a retired Canadian professional ice hockey goaltender. He played in the NHL with several teams from 1987–2004 and is currently an assistant coach with the OHL's Peterborough Petes.-Early years:Tugnutt was born in Scarborough, Ontario and played three seasons...
, Canadian ice hockey player - 1968 – Shaggy, Jamaican musician
- 1968 – Stéphane QuintalStéphane QuintalStéphane Quintal is a Canadian retired professional ice hockey player who played in the National Hockey League for 16 seasons. He currently works in the NHL's disciplinary office.-Playing career:...
, Canadian ice hockey player - 1968 – Shelby LynneShelby LynneShelby Lynne is an American singer, songwriter and actress. The success of the 1999 album I Am Shelby Lynne led to her winning the Grammy Award for Best New Artist, even though she had been active in the music industry for some time...
, American singer and songwriter - 1968 – Jay JohnstonJay JohnstonJay Johnston is an American actor and comedian best known for his work as a writer and cast member on the HBO sketch comedy series Mr...
, American actor and comedian (Mr. ShowMr. ShowMr. Show with Bob and David is an American sketch comedy series featuring former Saturday Night Live writer/actor Bob Odenkirk and stand up comedian/actor David Cross...
) - 1969 – Héctor CarrascoHéctor CarrascoHéctor Pacheco Pipo Carrasco is a former Major League Baseball relief pitcher...
, Dominican baseball player - 1969 – Spike JonzeSpike JonzeSpike Jonze is an American director, producer and actor, whose work includes music videos, commercials, film and television...
, American director and film producer - 1969 – Helmut LottiHelmut LottiHelmut Lotti , is a Flemish Belgian tenor and singer-songwriter. Lotti performs in several styles and languages: Once an Elvis impersonator, he has sung African and Latino hit records, and he crossed over into classical music in the 1990s.-Life and music:The son of Luc Lotigiers and Rita Lagrou,...
, Belgian singer - 1970 – Winston BogardeWinston BogardeWinston Bogarde is a retired Dutch professional footballer.A player of immense physical strength, he played mostly as a central defender, although he could occasionally appear on the left, and was best known for his spells at Ajax, FC Barcelona and Chelsea.With the latter side, he garnered...
, Dutch footballer - 1970 – Amy RedfordAmy RedfordAmy Hart Redford is an American actress, director and producer. She is the daughter of Academy Award-winning film director and actor Robert Redford and his former wife Lola Van Wagenen. She is the sister of writer/producer James Redford.-Early life:Redford was born in 1970, the daughter of Lola...
, American actress, director and producer - 1971 – Kornel DavidKornel DavidKornél Dávid is a retired Hungarian professional basketball player. He was the only Hungarian to play in the NBA. He has played for four teams between 1998 and 2001....
, Hungarian basketball player - 1972 – D'Lo BrownD'Lo BrownAccie Julius Connor better known by his ring name D'Lo Brown , is an American professional wrestler. Well known for his appearances with World Wrestling Entertainment, he is currently working as an agent for Impact Wrestling.Connor has held forty-eight championships in various promotions during...
, American professional wrestler - 1973 – Andrés PalopAndrés PalopAndrés Palop Cervera is a Spanish footballer who plays for Sevilla FC as a goalkeeper.After having languished on the bench of hometown side Valencia for most of his stay, he became a premiere player with Sevilla well into his 30's, helping it consolidate in both the domestic and European...
, Spanish footballer - 1973 – Ichiro SuzukiIchiro Suzuki, usually known simply as is a Major League Baseball right fielder for the Seattle Mariners. Ichiro has established a number of batting records, including the sport's single-season record for hits with 262...
, Japanese baseball player - 1973 – Mark van der ZijdenMark van der ZijdenMark Richard van der Zijden is a former freestyle and medley swimmer from the Netherlands, who swam in the qualifying heats of the bronze winning 4×200 m freestyle relay team at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, Australia...
, Dutch swimmer - 1974 – Tim KinsellaTim KinsellaTim Kinsella is a musician from Chicago, Illinois. He has been a part of many bands including Cap'n Jazz, The Sky Corvair, Joan of Arc, Owls, Friend/Enemy, Everyoned, and Make Believe...
, American musician - 1974 – Giorgos KoltzosGiorgos KoltzosGiorgos Koltzos is a footballer. He currently plays left back for Levadiakos F.C..-Career:Koltzos began playing football with the youth side of Athinaikos F.C. and joined the club's professional team in July 1993. He would spend five seasons in the Greek Superleague with Athinaikos before moving...
, Greek footballer - 1974 – Jeff McInnisJeff McInnisJeff Lemans McInnis is a basketball player. He has played in the NBA, in Greece and in the CBA .-Career:...
, American NBA basketball player - 1974 – Miroslav ŠatanMiroslav SatanMiroslav Šatan is a Slovak professional ice hockey right winger for HC Slovan Bratislava of the Slovak Extraliga.-Pre-NHL:In 1991–92, he played for the local HC Topolcany and did remarkably well, as he scored 30 goals and had 22 assists in just 31 games. He then graduated to the senior division...
, Slovak ice hockey player - 1975 – Martín CardettiMartín CardettiMartín Cardetti is an Argentine football striker. He played professional club football in Argentina, Spain, France, Mexico and Colombia....
, Argentine footballer - 1975 – Jesse Tyler FergusonJesse Tyler FergusonJesse Tyler Ferguson is an American actor who portrays Mitchell Pritchett on the ABC sitcom Modern Family. Previously he played the role of Richie Velch in the CBS sitcom The Class. He is openly gay.-Life and career:...
, American actor - 1975 – Míchel SalgadoMíchel SalgadoMiguel Ángel "Míchel" Salgado Fernández is a Spanish footballer who plays for Blackburn Rovers in the Premier League, as a right defender.Nicknamed Il Due , he is known for his combative tackling and attacking play...
, Spanish footballer - 1976 – Jon ForemanJon ForemanJonathan Mark Foreman is the lead singer, lead guitarist, main songwriter and co-founder of the alternative rock band Switchfoot. He started Switchfoot in 1996 with drummer Chad Butler and bassist Tim Foreman ....
, American musician (SwitchfootSwitchfootSwitchfoot is an American rock band from San Diego, California. The band's members are Jon Foreman , Tim Foreman , Chad Butler , Jerome Fontamillas , and Drew Shirley .After early successes in the Christian rock scene, Switchfoot first gained mainstream...
) - 1976 – Helen SvedinHelen SvedinHelen Svedin is a Swedish model.The face of H&M, Svedin is married to former Portuguese footballer Luís Figo. They met in 1996 at a Joaquín Cortés show in Barcelona. They have three daughters together: Daniela , Martina , and Stella , and they are expecting a fourth child...
, Swedish model - 1978 – Dion GloverDion GloverMicaiah Diondae "Dion" Glover is an American professional basketball player, formerly in the NBA.-Basketball career:...
, American basketball player - 1978 – Chaswe NsofwaChaswe NsofwaChaswe Nsofwa was a Zambian international football striker. He died during a training match in Beersheba, Israel.-Arrival in Israel:...
, Zambian footballer (d. 2007) - 1978 – Owais ShahOwais ShahOwais Alam Shah is an English cricketer. A middle-order batsman, he played for Middlesex between 1996-2010, before joining Essex CCC in the winter of 2010. He has represented England in all forms of the games.Between 2001 and 2009, he played 71 ODIs and 17 Twenty20 Internationals...
, English cricketer - 1979 – DoniDonieber Alexander MarangonDoniéber Alexander Marangon , more frequently known as simply Doni, is a Brazilian footballer who plays for Liverpool as a goalkeeper. He was born in Jundiaí, São Paulo....
, Brazilian footballer - 1981 – Michael FishmanMichael FishmanMichael Aaron Fishman is an American actor best known for playing D.J. Conner on the long-running series Roseanne. -Personal life:...
, Cuban/American actor - 1981 – Olivier PlaOlivier PlaOlivier Pla is a race car driver from France.-French Formula Campus & Formula Three:Pla's career started in 2000 in French Formula Campus before moving on to French Formula Three Championship in 2001 with the Saulnier Racing team...
, French racing driver - 1982 – Robinson CanóRobinson CanóRobinson José Canó Mercedes is a Dominican baseball player who currently plays as a second baseman for the New York Yankees.-Family and early life:...
, Dominican baseball player - 1982 – Heath MillerHeath MillerEarl Heath Miller, Jr. is an American football tight end for the Pittsburgh Steelers of the NFL. He was selected as the 30th overall pick of the 2005 NFL Draft out of the University of Virginia.-Early years:...
, American football player - 1982 – Mark RenshawMark RenshawMark Renshaw is an Australian racing cyclist with UCI ProTeam , who is considered one of the best lead-out men in the world.- Early career :...
, Australian cyclist - 1983 – Plan BPlan B (rapper)Benjamin Paul Ballance-Drew primarily known as Plan B or Ben Drew, is a British rapper, singer-songwriter, actor and film director from Forest Gate, London. Plan B first emerged as a hip hop artist releasing his critically acclaimed debut album Who Needs Actions When You Got Words in 2006...
, English rapper and actor - 1984 – Aleksandar Marić, Australian basketball player of Serbian descent
- 1985 – Evagelia AravaniEvagelia AravaniEvangelia Aravani also spelled Evagelia Aravani, born 1985 in Lefkada, is a Greek fashion model. At the Miss Star Hellas pageant, she won the title of Miss Star Hellas in 2005 and was chosen to represent Greece at the Miss Universe 2005 pageant, coming in as a top 15 semifinalist...
, Greek fashion model - 1985 – Zac HansonZac HansonZachary Walker "Zac" Hanson is an American musician, best known as a member of the pop band Hanson. He plays drums, percussion, piano, guitar and also sings back-up and lead vocals...
, American musician - 1986 – Kara LangKara LangKara Elise Lang is a retired Canadian soccer player, who represented her country in two FIFA World Cups and the Olympic Games, and played club soccer for Vancouver Whitecaps Women...
, Canadian footballer - 1986 – Stefan RaduStefan RaduŞtefan Daniel Radu is a Romanian football player who plays for Lazio, as a full back.-Dinamo Bucharest:Radu began his career with major Romanian club side Dinamo Bucureşti. Radu played four seasons of first team football with Dinamo, gaining a reputation as one of his country's brightest talents...
, Romanian footballer - 1988 – Matt EvansMatt EvansFor the Canadian international rugby union player see Matt Evans Matthew Nicolas "Matt" Evans is a Filipino- American actor who was a former housemate of the Philippine reality television show Pinoy Big Brother: Teen Edition...
, Filipino actor - 1990 – Jonathan LipnickiJonathan LipnickiJonathan William Lipnicki is an American actor. He is best known for his roles in the Hollywood films Jerry Maguire, Stuart Little, The Little Vampire, and Like Mike.- Personal life :...
, American actor - 1992 – Sofia VassilievaSofia VassilievaSofia Vladimirovna Vassilieva is an American actress. She is best known for playing the children's book heroine Eloise, in two made-for-television movies, Ariel Dubois in the Emmy-winning TV series Medium, and the cancer patient Kate Fitzgerald in the 2009 film adaption of My Sister's Keeper by...
, American actress
Deaths
- 741741Year 741 was a common year starting on Sunday of the Julian calendar. The denomination 741 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.- Europe :* Carloman, Pippin the Short and Grifo succeed...
– Charles MartelCharles MartelCharles Martel , also known as Charles the Hammer, was a Frankish military and political leader, who served as Mayor of the Palace under the Merovingian kings and ruled de facto during an interregnum at the end of his life, using the title Duke and Prince of the Franks. In 739 he was offered the...
, leader of the Franks (b. 686) - 1383 – King Fernando I of Portugal (b. 1345)
- 1565 – Jean, Vicomte d'Aguisy Grolier de ServieresJean, Vicomte d'Aguisy Grolier de ServieresJean Grolier de Servières, viscount d'Aguisy was Treasurer-General of France and a famous bibliophile. As a book collector, Grolier is known in particular for his patronage of the Aldine Press, and his love of richly decorated bookbindings. He gave his name to a style of bookbinding ornamented...
, French bibliophile (b. 1479) - 1613 – Pomponio NennaPomponio NennaPomponio Nenna was a Neapolitan Italian composer of the Renaissance. He is mainly remembered for his madrigals, which were influenced by Gesualdo, and for his polychoral sacred motets, posthumously published as Sacrae Hebdomadae Responsoria in 1622.- Life :Pomponio Nenna was born in Bari, in the...
, Italian composer - 1625 – Kikkawa HiroieKikkawa Hiroie' was a Japanese daimyo of the Azuchi-Momoyama period through early Edo period.Hiroie's father was Kikkawa Motoharu and his mother was a daughter of Kumagai Nobunao. He initially was named Tsunenobu and made his debut on the battle field on 1570 against Amago Katsuhisa with his father...
, Japanese politician (b. 1561) - 1674 – Gerbrand van den EeckhoutGerbrand van den EeckhoutGerbrand van den Eeckhout , was a Dutch Golden Age painter and a favourite student of Rembrandt. He was also an etcher, an amateur poet, a collector and an adviser on art.-Biography:...
, Dutch painter (b. 1621) - 1707 – Cloudesley ShovellCloudesley ShovellAdmiral of the Fleet Sir Cloudesley Shovell , was an English naval officer. Rising through the ranks and fighting in many of the important battles of the late 17th and early 18th centuries, he became a popular British hero, whose celebrated career was brought to an end in a disastrous shipwreck in...
, Royal NavyRoyal NavyThe Royal Navy is the naval warfare service branch of the British Armed Forces. Founded in the 16th century, it is the oldest service branch and is known as the Senior Service...
admiral (b.1650) - 1708 – Hermann WitsiusHermann WitsiusHermann Witsius was a Dutch theologian.- Life :...
, Dutch theologian (b. 1636) - 1751 – William IV, Prince of OrangeWilliam IV, Prince of OrangeWilliam IV, Prince of Orange-Nassau , born Willem Karel Hendrik Friso, was the first hereditary stadtholder of the Netherlands.-Early life:...
(b. 1711) - 1755 – Elisha WilliamsElisha WilliamsElisha Williams was a Congregational minister, legislator, jurist, and rector of Yale College from 1726 to 1739.-Life:The son of Rev. William Williams and his wife Elizabeth, née Cotton Elisha Williams (August 24, 1694 – July 24, 1755) was a Congregational minister, legislator, jurist, and...
, American rector of Yale CollegeYale CollegeYale College was the official name of Yale University from 1718 to 1887. The name now refers to the undergraduate part of the university. Each undergraduate student is assigned to one of 12 residential colleges.-Residential colleges:...
(b. 1694) - 1792 – Guillaume Le GentilGuillaume Le GentilGuillaume Joseph Hyacinthe Jean-Baptiste Le Gentil de la Galaisière was a French astronomer.-Biography:...
, French astronomer (b. 1725) - 1847 – Sahle SelassieSahle SelassieSahle Selassie was a Meridazmach of Shewa , an important noble of Ethiopia. He was a younger son of Wossen Seged...
, Negus of Shewa - 1859 – Louis SpohrLouis SpohrLouis Spohr was a German composer, violinist and conductor. Born Ludewig Spohr, he is usually known by the French form of his name. Described by Dorothy Mayer as "The Forgotten Master", Spohr was once as famous as Beethoven. As a violinist, his virtuoso playing was admired by Queen Victoria...
, German violinist and composer (b. 1784) - 1883 – Thomas Mayne ReidThomas Mayne ReidThomas Mayne Reid , was an Irish-American novelist. "Captain" Reid wrote many adventure novels akin to those written by Frederick Marryat and Robert Louis Stevenson. He was a great admirer of Lord Byron...
, Irish-American novelist (b. 1818) - 1891 – Ernst von Fleischl-MarxowErnst von Fleischl-MarxowErnst von Fleischl-Marxow, aka Ernst Fleischl von Marxow was an Austrian physiologist and physician who became known for his important investigations on the electrical activity of nerves and the brain...
, Austrian physiologist (b. 1846) - 1906 – Paul CézannePaul CézannePaul Cézanne was a French artist and Post-Impressionist painter whose work laid the foundations of the transition from the 19th century conception of artistic endeavour to a new and radically different world of art in the 20th century. Cézanne can be said to form the bridge between late 19th...
, French painter (b. 1839) - 1914 – Konishiki Yasokichi IKonishiki Yasokichi IKonishiki Yasokichi I was a sumo wrestler from Sanbu District, Chiba Prefecture, Japan. He was the sport's 17th Yokozuna.-Career:...
, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 17th Yokozuna (b. 1866) - 1917 – Robert James "Bob" FitzsimmonsBob FitzsimmonsRobert James "Bob" Fitzsimmons , was a British boxer who made boxing history as the sport's first three-division world champion. He also achieved fame for beating Gentleman Jim Corbett, the man who beat John L. Sullivan, and is in The Guinness Book of World Records as the Lightest heavyweight...
, English boxer (b. 1863) - 1918 – Myrtle GonzalezMyrtle GonzalezMyrtle Gonzalez was an American actress. She starred in at least 78 silent era motion pictures from 1913 to 1917, of which 66 were one and two-reel shorts...
, American film and stage actress (b. 1891) - 1927 – Borisav "Bora" StankovićBorisav StankovicBorisav "Bora" Stanković was a Serbian writer belonging to the school of realism. His novels and short stories depict the life of people from South Serbia...
, SerbiaSerbiaSerbia , officially the Republic of Serbia , is a landlocked country located at the crossroads of Central and Southeast Europe, covering the southern part of the Carpathian basin and the central part of the Balkans...
n writer (b. 1876) - 1928 – Andrew FisherAndrew FisherAndrew Fisher was an Australian politician who served as the fifth Prime Minister on three separate occasions. Fisher's 1910-13 Labor ministry completed a vast legislative programme which made him, along with Protectionist Alfred Deakin, the founder of the statutory structure of the new nation...
, fifth Prime Minister of AustraliaPrime Minister of AustraliaThe Prime Minister of the Commonwealth of Australia is the highest minister of the Crown, leader of the Cabinet and Head of Her Majesty's Australian Government, holding office on commission from the Governor-General of Australia. The office of Prime Minister is, in practice, the most powerful...
(b. 1862) - 1934 – Pretty Boy FloydPretty Boy FloydCharles Arthur "Pretty Boy" Floyd was an American bank robber. He operated in the West South Central States, and his criminal exploits gained heavy press coverage in the 1930s. Like most other prominent outlaws of that era, he was killed by law enforcement officers...
, American gangster (b. 1904) - 1935 – Komitas, Armenian composer (b. 1869)
- 1935 – Sir Edward CarsonEdward Carson, Baron CarsonEdward Henry Carson, Baron Carson PC, PC , Kt, QC , often known as Sir Edward Carson or Lord Carson, was a barrister, judge and politician from Ireland...
, Irish Unionist opposed to Home Rule (b. 1854) - 1941 – Guy MôquetGuy MôquetGuy Môquet was a young French Communist militant. During the German occupation of France during World War II, he was taken hostage by the Nazis and executed by firing squad in retaliation for attacks on Germans by the French Resistance...
, French hero of the resistance(executed)(b. 1924) - 1952 – Ernst RüdinErnst RüdinErnst Rüdin , was a Swiss psychiatrist, geneticist and eugenicist. Rüdin was born in St. Gallen, Switzerland...
, Swiss nazi physician (b. 1874) - 1954 – Jibanananda DasJibanananda DasJibanananda Das was a noted Bengali poet. He is considered one of the precursors who introduced modernist poetry to Bengali Literature, at a period when it was influenced by Rabindranath Tagore's Romantic poetry....
, Bengali poet (b. 1899) - 1956 – Hannah MitchellHannah MitchellHannah Mitchell was an English suffragette and socialist. Born into a poor farming family in Derbyshire, Mitchell left home at a young age to work as a seamstress in Bolton, were she became involved in the socialist movement. She worked for many years in organisations related to socialism, women's...
, English socialist and suffragette (b. 1872) - 1969 – Tommy EdwardsTommy EdwardsTommy Edwards was a singer and songwriter. His biggest-selling record was with the multi-million-selling song, "It's All in the Game."-Career:...
, American singer (b. 1922) - 1973 – Pau Casals, Catalan cellist and conductor (b. 1876)
- 1978 – John Riley, English poet (murdered) (b. 1937)
- 1979 – Nadia BoulangerNadia BoulangerNadia Boulanger was a French composer, conductor and teacher who taught many composers and performers of the 20th century.From a musical family, she achieved early honours as a student at the Paris Conservatoire, but believing that her talent as a composer was inferior to that of her younger...
, French composer and composition teacher (b. 1887) - 1985 – Viorica UrsuleacViorica UrsuleacViorica Ursuleac was an important Romanian operatic soprano.Viorica Ursuleac was born the daughter of a Greek Orthodox archdeacon, in Chernivtsi, which is now in Ukraine. Following training in Vienna, she made her operatic debut in Zagreb , as Charlotte in Massenet's Werther, in 1922...
, Romanian soprano (b. 1894) - 1986 – Albert Szent-GyörgyiAlbert Szent-GyörgyiAlbert Szent-Györgyi de Nagyrápolt was a Hungarian physiologist who won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1937. He is credited with discovering vitamin C and the components and reactions of the citric acid cycle...
, Hungarian physiologist, Nobel PrizeNobel Prize in Physiology or MedicineThe Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine administered by the Nobel Foundation, is awarded once a year for outstanding discoveries in the field of life science and medicine. It is one of five Nobel Prizes established in 1895 by Swedish chemist Alfred Nobel, the inventor of dynamite, in his will...
laureate (b. 1893) - 1986 – Jane DornackerJane DornackerJane Dornacker was an American rock musician, actress, and comedienne turned traffic reporter.In 1986, while working for WNBC 660 AM Radio in New York City , Dornacker was aboard during two unrelated crashes of the helicopters leased to WNBC...
, musician, actress, and traffic reporter for WNBCWNBCWNBC, virtual channel 4 , is the flagship station of the NBC television network, located in New York City. WNBC's studios are co-located with NBC corporate headquarters at 30 Rockefeller Plaza in midtown Manhattan...
Radio. (b. 1947) - 1986 – Ye JianyingYe JianyingYe Jianying was a Chinese communist general and the chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress from 1978 to 1983.-Biography:...
, Chinese general and politician (b. 1897) - 1987 – Lino VenturaLino VenturaLino Ventura , was an Italian actor who starred in French movies.-Biography:Born as Angiolino Giuseppe Pasquale Ventura in Parma, Italy to Giovanni Ventura and Luisa Borrini, "Lino" dropped out of school at the age of eight and later took on a variety of jobs...
, Italian-born actor (b. 1919) - 1989 – Ewan MacCollEwan MacCollEwan MacColl was an English folk singer, songwriter, socialist, actor, poet, playwright, and record producer. He was married to theatre director Joan Littlewood, and later to American folksinger Peggy Seeger. He collaborated with Littlewood in the theatre and with Seeger in folk music...
, English folk singer, songwriter, socialist, actor, poet, playwright, and record producer (b. 1915) - 1992 – Red BarberRed BarberWalter Lanier "Red" Barber was an American sportscaster.Barber, nicknamed "The Ol' Redhead", was primarily identified with radio broadcasts of Major League Baseball, calling play-by-play across four decades with the Cincinnati Reds , Brooklyn Dodgers , and New York Yankees...
, American sportscaster (b. 1908) - 1992 – Cleavon LittleCleavon LittleCleavon Jake Little was an American film and theatre actor.Little was widely known for his lead role as Sheriff Bart in the 1974 Mel Brooks comedy Blazing Saddles. He also was the irreverent Dr...
, American actor (b. 1939) - 1993 – Innes IrelandInnes IrelandRobert McGregor Innes Ireland , was a British military officer, engineer, and motor racing driver. He was a larger-than-life character who, according to a rival team boss, "lived without sense, without an analyst and provoked astonishment and affection from everyone."Ireland was born on 12 June...
, Scottish racing driver (b. 1930) - 1995 – Sir Kingsley AmisKingsley AmisSir Kingsley William Amis, CBE was an English novelist, poet, critic, and teacher. He wrote more than 20 novels, six volumes of poetry, a memoir, various short stories, radio and television scripts, along with works of social and literary criticism...
, English writer (b. 1922) - 1997 – Leonid AmalrikLeonid AmalrikLeonid Alekseyevich Amalrik was a Russian animator and animation director.He was born on July 8, 1905 in Moscow. He graduated from the State college of cinema in 1928. From 1926, he worked in Mezhrabpom-Rus studio . In 1936 he moved to the newly created Soyuzmultfilm studio...
, Russian animator (b. 1905) - 1998 – Eric AmblerEric AmblerEric Clifford Ambler OBE was an influential British author of spy novels who introduced a new realism to the genre. Ambler also used the pseudonym Eliot Reed for books co-written with Charles Rodda.-Life:...
, English novelist (b. 1909) - 2001 – Prof. Dr. Dkfm. Helmut KrackowizerHelmut KrackowizerProf. Dr. Dkfm. Helmut Krackowizer, in England also known as "Mister Rudge", Prof. Dr. Dkfm. Helmut Krackowizer, in England also known as "Mister Rudge", Prof. Dr. Dkfm. Helmut Krackowizer, in England also known as "Mister Rudge", (* April 29, 1922 in Frankenmarkt, Upper Austria, Austria; † October...
, journalist and motorcycle racer (b. 1922) - 2002 – Queen Geraldina of the Albanians (b. 1915)
- 2002 – Richard HelmsRichard HelmsRichard McGarrah Helms was the Director of Central Intelligence from 1966 to 1973. He was the only director to have been convicted of lying to the United States Congress over Central Intelligence Agency undercover activities. In 1977, he was sentenced to the maximum fine and received a suspended...
, American CIA director (b. 1913) - 2005 – ArmanArmanArman was a French-born American artist. Born Armand Pierre Fernandez in Nice, France, Arman is a painter who moved from using the objects as paintbrushes to using them as the painting itself...
, French-born artist (b. 1928) - 2005 – Tony AdamsTony Adams (producer)Anthony Patrick "Tony" Adams was an Irish film and theatrical producer. He produced numerous films for writer/director Blake Edwards, including six Pink Panther films, 10 and Victor/Victoria, the latter for both stage and screen.-Biography:He was born Anthony Patrick Adams in Derrinturn, Carbury,...
, Irish film producer (b. 1953) - 2005 – Franky GeeFranky GeeFrancisco Alejandro Gutierrez , more familiarly known as Franky Gee, was an American soldier who became the frontman for the German Europop group Captain Jack.-Biography:...
, American singer (Captain JackCaptain Jack (band)Captain Jack is a musical duo, specializing in Eurodance music, originating from Germany.- History :Its members were Francisco Alejandro Gutierrez , and Sunny...
) (b. 1962) - 2006 – Arthur HillArthur Hill (actor)Arthur Edward Spence Hill was a Canadian actor best known for appearances in British and American theater, movies and television...
, Canadian actor (b. 1922) - 2007 – Ève CurieÈve CurieÈve Denise Curie Labouisse was a French-American writer, journalist and pianist. Ève Curie was the younger daughter of Marie Curie and Pierre Curie. Her sister was Irène Joliot-Curie and her brother-in-law Frédéric Joliot-Curie...
, French writer (b. 1904) - 2009 – Don LaneDon LaneDon Lane , born Morton Donald Isaacson, was an American-born talk show host and singer. Don Lane is best known for hosting The Don Lane Show, which was aired on The Nine Network in Australia from 1975 to 1983....
, American-born Australian television personality (b. 1933) - 2009 – Soupy SalesSoupy SalesSoupy Sales was an American comedian, actor, radio-TV personality and host, and jazz aficionado. He was best known for his local and network children's television show, Lunch with Soupy Sales; a series of comedy sketches frequently ending with Sales receiving a pie in the face, which became his...
, American comedian and television personality (b. 1926) - 2011 – Sultan bin Abdul-Aziz Al Saud, Saudi Crown Prince (b. 1924 or 1930)
Holidays and observances
- Christian Feast DayCalendar of saintsThe calendar of saints is a traditional Christian method of organizing a liturgical year by associating each day with one or more saints and referring to the feast day of said saint...
:- Aaron the IllustriousAaron the IllustriousAaron the Illustrious was a Christian monk of Mesopotamia.He came from Sarug in Osrhoene, and was a disciple of . He built two monasteries near Melitene in Armenia in the 4th century. He had a feast day on Pentecost Monday in the Syriac Orthodox Church, and on February 3, October 22, and May 23...
(Syriac Orthodox ChurchSyriac Orthodox ChurchThe Syriac Orthodox Church; is an autocephalous Oriental Orthodox church based in the Eastern Mediterranean, with members spread throughout the world. The Syriac Orthodox Church claims to derive its origin from one of the first Christian communities, established in Antioch by the Apostle St....
) - Abercius of HieropolisAbercius of HieropolisAbercius of Hieropolis was a bishop of Hierapolis at the time of Marcus Aurelius, also known as Abercius Marcellus. He was supposedly the successor to Papias....
- BerthariusBerthariusBertharius was a Benedictine abbot of Monte Cassino who is venerated as a saint and martyr. He was also a poet and a writer. A member of the Lombard nobility, Bertharius as a young man made a pilgrimage to Monte Cassino at the time of the abbacy of Bassacius and decided as a result to become a...
- Donatus of Fiesole
- John Paul II
- Mary Salome
- October 22 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)October 22 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)Oct. 21 - Eastern Orthodox Church calendar - Oct. 23-Fixed commemorations:All fixed commemorations below are observed on November 4 by Old Calendarists- References :**...
- Aaron the Illustrious
- Earliest day on which Labour Day can fall, while October 28 is the latest; celebrated on the fourth Monday in October (New ZealandNew ZealandNew Zealand is an island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses and numerous smaller islands. The country is situated some east of Australia across the Tasman Sea, and roughly south of the Pacific island nations of New Caledonia, Fiji, and Tonga...
) - Earliest day on which Make a Difference Day can fall, while October 28 is the latest; celebrated on the fourth Saturday in October (United StatesUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
) - Fechner DayGustav FechnerGustav Theodor Fechner , was a German experimental psychologist. An early pioneer in experimental psychology and founder of psychophysics, he inspired many 20th century scientists and philosophers...
, celebrated by PsychophysicistsPsychophysicsPsychophysics quantitatively investigates the relationship between physical stimuli and the sensations and perceptions they effect. Psychophysics has been described as "the scientific study of the relation between stimulus and sensation" or, more completely, as "the analysis of perceptual... - International Stuttering Awareness DayInternational Stuttering Awareness Day22 October was designated International Stuttering Awareness Day in 1998. The day is intended to raise the public awareness of the millions of people who have the speech disorder of stuttering, including over 3 million Americans....
(International) - Jidai MatsuriJidai MatsuriThe is a traditional Japanese festival held on October 22 annually in Kyoto, Japan. It is one of Kyoto's renowned three great festivals, with the other two being the Aoi Matsuri, held annually on May 15, and the Gion Matsuri, which is held annually from 17 to July 24...
(KyotoKyotois a city in the central part of the island of Honshū, Japan. It has a population close to 1.5 million. Formerly the imperial capital of Japan, it is now the capital of Kyoto Prefecture, as well as a major part of the Osaka-Kobe-Kyoto metropolitan area.-History:...
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