996 Emperor Otto III issues a deed to Gottschalk, Bishop of Freising, which is the oldest known document using the name ''Ostarrîchi'' (Austria in Old High German).
1192 Richard the Lion-Heart is captured and imprisoned by Leopold V of Austria on his way home to England after signing a treaty with Saladin ending the Third crusade.
1246 With the death of Duke Frederick II, the Babenberg dynasty ends in Austria.
1335 Otto the Merry, Duke of Austria, becomes Duke of Carinthia.
1379 Treaty of Neuberg, splitting the Austrian Habsburg lands between the Habsburg Dukes Albert III and Leopold III.
1571 Austrian nobility is granted freedom of religion.
1709 Battle of Malplaquet: Great Britain, Netherlands and Austria fight against France.
1718 The Treaty of Passarowitz between the Ottoman Empire, Austria and the Republic of Venice is signed.
1740 Maria Theresa takes the throne of Austria. France, Prussia, Bavaria and Saxony refuse to honour the Pragmatic Sanction and the War of the Austrian Succession begins.
1743 Great Britain, Austria and Savoy-Sardinia sign the Treaty of Worms.
1746 War of Austrian Succession: Austria and Sardinia defeat a Franco-Spanish army at the Battle of Piacenza.
1757 Battle of Kolín between Prussian forces under Frederick the Great and an Austrian army under the command of Field Marshal Count Leopold Joseph von Daun in the Seven Years' War.
1758 Seven Years' War: Austria defeats Prussia at the Battle of Hochkirk
1779 War of Bavarian Succession: Russian and French mediators at the Congress of Teschen negotiate an end to the war. In the agreement Austria receives the part of its territory that was taken from it (the Innviertel).
1783 W.A. Mozart's Symphony No. 36 is performed for the first time in Linz, Austria.
1786 Opening night of the opera ''The Marriage of Figaro'' by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart in Vienna, Austria.
1791 ''The Magic Flute'', the last opera composed by Mozart, receives its premiere performance at Freihaus-Theater auf der Wieden in Vienna, Austria.
1792 France declares war on Austria, the beginning of French Revolutionary Wars.
1793 Battle of Geisberg: French defeat Austrians.
1794 The Battle of the Vosges is fought between French forces and those of Prussia and Austria.
1795 Partitions of Poland: The Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth is completely divided among Austria, Prussia, and Russia
1796 First Coalition: Napoleon I of France wins a decisive victory against Austrian forces at Lodi bridge over the Adda River in Italy. The Austrians lose some 2,000 men.
1797 Treaty of Campo Formio is signed between France and Austria
1805 Battle of Elchingen, France defeats Austria
1805 Austria and France sign the Treaty of Pressburg.
1809 An Austrian corps is defeated by the forces of the Duchy of Warsaw in the Battle of Raszyn, part of the struggles of the Fifth Coalition. On the same day the Austrian main army is defeated by a First French Empire Corps led by Louis-Nicolas Davout at the Battle of Teugen-Hausen in Bavaria, part of a four day campaign which ended in a French victory.
1809 Two Austrian army corps in Bavaria are defeated by a First French Empire army led by Napoleon I of France at the Battle of Abensberg on the second day of a four day campaign which ended in a French victory.
1809 Two Austrian army corps are driven from Landshut by a First French Empire army led by Napoleon I of France as two French corps to the north hold off the main Austrian army on the first day of the Battle of Eckmühl.
1809 The first day of the Battle of Aspern-Essling between the Austrian army led by Archduke Charles and the French army led by Napoleon I of France sees the French attack across the Danube held.
1809 The second day of the Battle of Wagram sees a French victory over the Austrian army in the largest battle yet of the Napoleonic Wars.
1813 French Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte defeats a larger force of Austrians, Russians, and Prussians at the Battle of Dresden.
1813 Battle of Kulm: French forces are defeated by an Austrian-Prussian-Russian alliance.
1813 The Treaty of Ried was signed between Bayern and Austria.
1814 Occupation of Monaco changes from French to Austrian.
1815 Austria, the United Kingdom, and France form a secret defensive alliance treaty against Prussia and Russia.
1815 Neapolitan War: Joachim Murat, King of Naples is defeated by the Austrians at the Battle of Tolentino, the decisive engagement of the war.
1818 The first performance of "Silent Night" takes place in the church of St. Nikolaus in Oberndorf, Austria.
1824 World premiere of Ludwig van Beethoven's Ninth Symphony in Vienna, Austria. The performance is conducted by Michael Umlauf under the composer's supervision.
1849 Hungary declares itself independent of Austria with Lajos Kossuth as its leader.
1849 After a month-long siege, Venice, which had declared itself independent, surrenders to Austria.
1859 Italian Independence wars: In the Battle of Magenta, the French army, under Louis-Napoleon, defeat the Austrian army.
1859 Battle of Solferino (Battle of the Three Sovereigns): Sardinia and France defeat Austria in Solferino, northern Italy.
1864 Second war of Schleswig ends. Denmark renounces all claim to Schleswig, Holstein and Lauenburg, which come under Prussian and Austrian administration.
1866 Austro-Prussian War is decided at the Battle of Königgratz, resulting in Prussia taking over as the prominent German nation from Austria.
1867 The Austro-Hungarian agreement known as Ausgleich ("the Compromise") is born through Act 12, which establishes the Austro-Hungarian Empire; on June 8 Emperor Franz Joseph is crowned King of Hungary.
1869 Austria issues the world's first postcards.
1873 Austrian explorers Julius von Payer and Karl Weyprecht discover the archipelago of Franz Joseph Land in the Arctic Sea.
1881 Secret treaty between Austria and Serbia.
1896 An Austrian newspaper reports that Wilhelm Roentgen has discovered a type of radiation later known as X-rays.
1908 Austria annexes Bosnia and Herzegovina.
1909 Serbia accepts Austrian control over Bosnia and Herzegovina.
1914 World War I: Serbia declares war on Germany; Austria declares war on Russia.
1917 Battle of Caporetto; Italy suffers a catastrophic defeat at the forces of Austria-Hungary and Germany on the Austro-Italian front of World War I (lasts until 19 November - also called Twelfth Battle of the Isonzo).
1918 Germany, Austria and Russia sign the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk ending Russia's involvement in World War I, and leading to the independence of Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Poland.
1918 Austria becomes a republic.
1919 Austria and the Allies sign the Treaty of Saint-Germain recognizing the independence of Poland, Hungary, Czechoslovakia and Yugoslavia.
1920 The Carinthian Plebiscite determines that the larger part of Carinthia should remain part of Austria.
1927 Massacre of July 15, 1927: 89 protesters are killed by the Austrian police in Vienna.
1933 Austrian Chancellor Engelbert Dollfuss keeps members of the National Council from convening, starting the austrofascist dictatorship.
1934 The Nazis assassinate Austrian Chancellor Engelbert Dollfuss in a failed coup attempt.
1938 ''Anschluss:'' German troops occupy Austria.
1938 Anschluss of Austria to the Third Reich.
1945 World War II: Soviet Union forces invade Austria and take Vienna; Polish and Soviet forces liberate Gdańsk.
1945 Pierre Laval, the fugitive former leader of Vichy France, surrenders to Allied soldiers in Austria.
1955 The Allied occupation of Austria stemming from World War II, ends.
1955 Albania, Austria, Bulgaria, Cambodia, Finland, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Jordan, Laos, Libya, Nepal, Portugal, Romania, Spain and Sri Lanka join the United Nations.
1957 First ascent of Broad Peak/Faichan Kangri, the world's 12th highest mountain, by an Austrian expedition lead by Marcus Schmuck and with Fritz Wintersteller, Kurt Diemberger and Hermann Buhl.
1987 The U.S. Department of Justice bars the Austrian President Kurt Waldheim from entering the United States, saying he had aided in the deportation and execution of thousands of Jews and others as a German Army officer during World War II.
1989 Several hundred East Germans cross the frontier between Hungary and Austria during the Pan-European Picnic, part of the events which began the process of the Fall of the Berlin Wall.
1989 The Iron Curtain opens between the communist Hungary and Austria. From Hungary thousands of East Germans throng to Austria and West Germany.
1995 The Kingdom of Sweden and the republics of Austria and Finland are admitted into the European Union.
1999 An avalanche destroys the Austrian village of Galtür, killing 31.
2000 In Kaprun, Austria, 155 skiers and snowboarders die when a cable car catches fire in an alpine tunnel.