, see Names of the Ottoman Empire
). or Sublime Ottoman State (Ottoman Turkish
: دَوْلَتِ عَلِيّهٔ عُثمَانِیّه Devlet-i ʿAliyye-yi ʿOsmâniyye, (also عثمانلى دولتى Osmanlı Devleti),After 1800s this phrase was being widely used by Ottoman citizens and officials.
1302 Battle of Bapheus: decisive Ottoman victory over the Byzantines opening up Bithynia for Turkish conquest.
1389 Battle of Kosovo: The Ottoman Empire defeats Serbs and Bosnians.
1389 The Ottomans defeat the Serbian army in the bloody Battle of Kosovo, opening the way for the Ottoman conquest of Southeastern Europe (see Vidovdan).
1444 Battle of Varna: The crusading forces of King Vladislaus III of Varna (aka ''Ulaszlo I of Hungary'' and ''Wladyslaw III of Poland'') are crushed by the Turks under Sultan Murad II and Vladislaus is killed.
1448 Second Battle of Kosovo, where the mainly Hungarian army led by John Hunyadi is defeated by an Ottoman army led by Sultan Murad II.
1451 Sultan Mehmed II inherits the throne of the Ottoman Empire.
1453 Fall of Constantinople: Ottoman armies under Sultan Mehmed II Fatih capture Constantinople after a 53-day siege, ending the Byzantine Empire. Although the date of May 29, 1453 is that of the Julian Calendar, the event is commemorated in Istanbul on this day of the present Gregorian calendar.
1475 Stephen III of Moldavia defeats the Ottoman Empire at the Battle of Vaslui.
1480 Battle of Otranto: Ottoman troops behead 800 Christians for refusing to convert to Islam.
1493 Battle of Krbava field, a decisive defeat of Croats in Croatian struggle against the invasion by the Ottoman Empire.