October 1, 1927 (Saturday)

• Carl Laemmle
  Carl Laemmle
  Carl Laemmle , born in Laupheim, Württemberg, Germany, was a pioneer in American film making and a founder of one of the original major Hollywood movie studios - Universal...
  
  , President of Universal Studios
  Universal Studios
  Universal Pictures , a subsidiary of NBCUniversal, is one of the six major movie studios....
  
  , made news by transmitting a contract to New York and to London by "photoradio" over a six hour period, an early form of the fax machine.
• Michigan Stadium
  Michigan Stadium
  Michigan Stadium, nicknamed "The Big House," is the football stadium for the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor, Michigan. Michigan Stadium was built in 1927 at a cost of $950,000 and had an original capacity of 72,000. Before playing football at the stadium, the Wolverines played on Ferry Field...
  
  , with an unprecedented capacity of 84,401 seats, opened with the University of Michigan beating Ohio Wesleyan, 33-0.
• Born: Tom Bosley
  Tom Bosley
  Thomas Edward "Tom" Bosley was an American actor. Bosley is best known for portraying Howard Cunningham on the long-running ABC sitcom Happy Days. He also was featured in recurring roles on Murder, She Wrote, and Father Dowling Mysteries...
  
  , American actor, in Chicago
  Chicago
  Chicago is the largest city in the US state of Illinois. With nearly 2.7 million residents, it is the most populous city in the Midwestern United States and the third most populous in the US, after New York City and Los Angeles...
  
   (d. 2010)

October 2, 1927 (Sunday)

• Presbyterian minister Harry Emerson Fosdick
  Harry Emerson Fosdick
  Harry Emerson Fosdick was an American clergyman. He was born in Buffalo, New York. He graduated from Colgate University in 1900, and Union Theological Seminary in 1904. While attending Colgate University he joined the Delta Upsilon Fraternity. He was ordained a Baptist minister in 1903 at the...
  
   delivered a sermon to a national audience for the first time, as NBC Radio began broadcasting the show National Vespers at 5:30 pm Eastern time. Fosdick continued to preach on the radio until 1946.
• The 80th birthday of German President Paul von Hindenburg
  Paul von Hindenburg
  Paul Ludwig Hans Anton von Beneckendorff und von Hindenburg , known universally as Paul von Hindenburg was a Prussian-German field marshal, statesman, and politician, and served as the second President of Germany from 1925 to 1934....
  
   was celebrated across the German nation.
• Born: F. I. Karpelevich, Soviet mathematician for whom the Gindikin–Karpelevich formula is named (d. 2005);
• Died: Svante Arrhenius
  Svante Arrhenius
  Svante August Arrhenius was a Swedish scientist, originally a physicist, but often referred to as a chemist, and one of the founders of the science of physical chemistry...
  
  , 68, Swedish chemist. He won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry
  Nobel Prize in Chemistry
  The Nobel Prize in Chemistry is awarded annually by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences to scientists in the various fields of chemistry. It is one of the five Nobel Prizes established by the will of Alfred Nobel in 1895, awarded for outstanding contributions in chemistry, physics, literature,...
  
   in 1903 for his discovery of the greenhouse effect
  Greenhouse effect
  The greenhouse effect is a process by which thermal radiation from a planetary surface is absorbed by atmospheric greenhouse gases, and is re-radiated in all directions. Since part of this re-radiation is back towards the surface, energy is transferred to the surface and the lower atmosphere...
  
  , outlined in his paper "On the Influence of Carbonic Acid in the Air upon the Temperature of the Ground".
• Died: Austin Peay
  Austin Peay
  Austin Peay was Governor of Tennessee from 1923 until his death in 1927.-Biography:Peay, a native of Kentucky, moved to Clarksville, Tennessee and opened a law practice in 1896. He was first elected to the Tennessee House of Representatives in 1901 and re-elected in 1903...
  
  , 51, Governor of Tennessee since 1922. Austin Peay State University
  Austin Peay State University
  Austin Peay State University is a four-year public university located in Clarksville, Tennessee, and operated by the Tennessee Board of Regents. It is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools .-History:...
  
   was named in his honor in 1929.

October 3, 1927 (Monday)

• After General Francisco Serrano announced that he would run against former Mexican President Álvaro Obregón
  Álvaro Obregón
  General Álvaro Obregón Salido was the President of Mexico from 1920 to 1924. He was assassinated in 1928, shortly after winning election to another presidential term....
  
   in the 1928 election, President Plutarco Elías Calles
  Plutarco Elías Calles
  Plutarco Elías Calles was a Mexican general and politician. He was president of Mexico from 1924 to 1928, but he continued to be the de facto ruler from 1928–1935, a period known as the maximato...
  
   ordered Serrano's elimination. General Serrano and 12 of his men were intercepted on the road between Cuernavaca and Mexico City and arrested. After General Claudio Fox arrived, the 13 detainees were executed, on the spot, by the Mexican Army. Obregon's other rival, General Arnulfo Gomez, would be executed the next month. With no competitors, Obregon won the election, only to be assassinated two weeks afterward.

October 4, 1927 (Tuesday)

• Carving began on Mount Rushmore
  Mount Rushmore
  Mount Rushmore National Memorial is a sculpture carved into the granite face of Mount Rushmore near Keystone, South Dakota, in the United States...
  
  , starting with the head of George Washington
  George Washington
  George Washington was the dominant military and political leader of the new United States of America from 1775 to 1799. He led the American victory over Great Britain in the American Revolutionary War as commander-in-chief of the Continental Army from 1775 to 1783, and presided over the writing of...
  
  , as workers began the blasting of granite until a thin layer remained. The likeness of Washington would be ready for dedication on July 4, 1934.
• The International Social Security Association
  International Social Security Association
  The International Social Security Association is an international organization bringing together national social security administrations and agencies. Founded in 1927, the ISSA has around 340 member organizations in 150 countries. It has its headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland, in the...
  
   was founded in Geneva.
• Margaret Bevan was elected as the first woman mayor in Great Britain, becoming Lord Mayor of Liverpool
  Lord Mayor of Liverpool
  The office of Mayor of Liverpool has existed since the foundation of Liverpool as a borough by the Royal Charter of King John in 1207. This changed, however, some time after Liverpool was granted city status in 1880 when it was deemed necessary for the "second city of the Empire" to have a Lord Mayor...
  
  .
• Died: John William Boone
  John William Boone
  John William "Blind" Boone was an American pianist and composer of ragtime music.- Early life :Boone was born in a Federal militia camp near Miami, Missouri, May 17, 1864, to a contraband slave, Rachel Carpenter, who had been owned by descendants of Daniel Boone. His father was a bugler in the 7th...
  
  , 63, blind African-American concert pianist

October 5, 1927 (Wednesday)

• Hungarian actor Bela Lugosi
  Béla Lugosi
  Béla Ferenc Dezső Blaskó , commonly known as Bela Lugosi, was a Hungarian actor of stage and screen. He was best known for having played Count Dracula in the Broadway play and subsequent film version, as well as having starred in several of Ed Wood's low budget films in the last years of his...
  
   played the title role in the premiere of the Broadway
  Broadway theatre
  Broadway theatre, commonly called simply Broadway, refers to theatrical performances presented in one of the 40 professional theatres with 500 or more seats located in the Theatre District centered along Broadway, and in Lincoln Center, in Manhattan in New York City...
  
   production of Dracula. Produced by Horace Liveright
  Horace Liveright
  Horace Brisbin Liveright was an American publisher and stage producer. With Albert Boni, he founded the Modern Library and Boni & Liveright publishers. He published books from numerous influential American and British authors...
  
  , and adapted from Bram Stoker
  Bram Stoker
  Abraham "Bram" Stoker was an Irish novelist and short story writer, best known today for his 1897 Gothic novel Dracula...
  
  's novel by John L. Balderston
  John L. Balderston
  John L. Balderston was an American playwright and screenwriter best known for his horror and fantasy scripts....
  
  , was a popular and critical success, running for seven months at the Fulton Theatre before going on tour. Lugosi, who was offered the role after Raymond Huntley
  Raymond Huntley
  Raymond Huntley was an English actor who appeared in dozens of British films from the 1930s through to the 1970s...
  
  ;s salary demands proved a problem, reprised his role as a vampire on film in 1931 and became a horror movie star.
• Died: Sam Warner
  Sam Warner
  Samuel Louis "Sam" Warner was an American film producer who was the co-founder and chief executive officer of Warner Bros. Studios. He established the studio along with his brothers Harry, Albert, and Jack Warner. Sam Warner is credited with procuring the technology that enabled Warner Bros...
  
  , 40, CEO of Warner Bros.
  Warner Bros.
  Warner Bros. Entertainment, Inc., also known as Warner Bros. Pictures or simply Warner Bros. , is an American producer of film and television entertainment.One of the major film studios, it is a subsidiary of Time Warner, with its headquarters in Burbank,...
  
   Studios, of a mastoid infection, the day before the premiere of the company's film, The Jazz Singer

October 6, 1927 (Thursday)

• At 8:45 pm, The Jazz Singer
  The Jazz Singer (1927 film)
  The Jazz Singer is a 1927 American musical film. The first feature-length motion picture with synchronized dialogue sequences, its release heralded the commercial ascendance of the "talkies" and the decline of the silent film era. Produced by Warner Bros. with its Vitaphone sound-on-disc system,...
  
  , starring Al Jolson
  Al Jolson
  Al Jolson was an American singer, comedian and actor. In his heyday, he was dubbed "The World's Greatest Entertainer"....
  
  , was presented for the first time. The Warner Brothers film was shown at the Warner Theater in New York, which had been specially wired for sound with the Vitaphone system. It was the first "talkie", with sound synchronized to the film, although much of it was silent, with title cards, and in cities without the sound system, was seen as another silent movie. The first words heard by the audience were Jolson, as Jakie Rabinowitz, shouting to an orchestra, "“Wait a minute! Wait a minute! I tell ya, you ain't heard nothin' yet!" In keeping with the film's theme of a conflict within a Jewish family, the film premiered after sunset on the eve of the Yom Kippur
  Yom Kippur
  Yom Kippur , also known as Day of Atonement, is the holiest and most solemn day of the year for the Jews. Its central themes are atonement and repentance. Jews traditionally observe this holy day with a 25-hour period of fasting and intensive prayer, often spending most of the day in synagogue...
  
   holiday.
• Born: Antony Grey
  Antony Grey
  Antony Grey was a leading English lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender rights activist. He lived with his partner, Eric Thompson, for 50 years after first meeting in 1960...
  
  , English gay rights activist, in Wilmslow
  Wilmslow
  -Economy:Wilmslow is well known, like Alderley Edge, for having many famous residents, notably footballers, stars of Coronation Street and rich North West businessmen. The town is part of the so-called Golden Triangle in the north west together with Alderley Edge and Prestbury...
  
   (d. 2010)
• Died: Amy Catherine Robbins Wells
  H. G. Wells
  Herbert George Wells was an English author, now best known for his work in the science fiction genre. He was also a prolific writer in many other genres, including contemporary novels, history, politics and social commentary, even writing text books and rules for war games...
  
  , 55, wife of science fiction author H. G. Wells
  H. G. Wells
  Herbert George Wells was an English author, now best known for his work in the science fiction genre. He was also a prolific writer in many other genres, including contemporary novels, history, politics and social commentary, even writing text books and rules for war games...
  
  . The character of Amy Robbins was portrayed by Mary Steenburgen
  Mary Steenburgen
  Mary Nell Steenburgen is an American actress. She is best known for playing the role of Lynda Dummar in Jonathan Demme's Melvin and Howard, which earned her an Academy Award and a Golden Globe.-Early life:...
  
   in the 1979 science fiction film Time After Time
  Time After Time (1979 film)
  Time After Time is a 1979 American fantasy film written and directed by Nicholas Meyer. His screenplay is based largely on a novel by Karl Alexander and a story by Steve Hayes. It concerns British author H. G...
  
  , the premise being that Robbins was a 1979 bank employee who married Wells after traveling back to 1895.

October 7, 1927 (Friday)

• Tommy Loughran
  Tommy Loughran
  Thomas Patrick Loughran was the light heavyweight boxing champion of the world.Loughran's effective use of coordinated foot work, sound defense and swift, accurate counter punching is now regarded as a precursor to the techniques practiced in modern boxing...
  
  , nicknamed The Philadelphia Phantom, became the light heavyweight boxing champion of the world, outpointing Mike McTigue
  Mike McTigue
  "Bold" Mike McTigue was the light heavyweight boxing champion of the world from 1923-1925....
  
   in 15 rounds. Loughran retired in 1929 in order to pursue, unsuccessfully, the heavyweight title.
• The sudden collapse of the Kimberly-Clark
  Kimberly-Clark
  Kimberly-Clark Corporation is an American corporation that produces mostly paper-based consumer products. Kimberly-Clark brand name products include "Kleenex" facial tissue, "Kotex" feminine hygiene products, "Cottonelle", Scott and Andrex toilet paper, Wypall utility wipes, "KimWipes"...
  
   factory in Appleton, Wisconsin
  Appleton, Wisconsin
  Appleton is a city in Outagamie, Calumet, and Winnebago Counties in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. It is situated on the Fox River, 30 miles southwest of Green Bay and 100 miles north of Milwaukee. Appleton is the county seat of Outagamie County. The population was 78,086 at the 2010 census...
  
  , killed 9 people and injured 18 others.
• Born: R. D. Laing, Scottish anti-psychiatrist, in Glasgow
  Glasgow
  Glasgow is the largest city in Scotland and third most populous in the United Kingdom. The city is situated on the River Clyde in the country's west central lowlands...
  
   (d. 1989); and Tony Beckley
  Tony Beckley
  Tony Beckley was an English character actor. A graduate of the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art, Beckley went onto carve out a career on film and television throughout the 1960s and 1970s often playing villainous roles, as well as being a veteran of numerous stage productions.-Film career:He made his...
  
  , English character actor, in Southampton
  Southampton
  Southampton is the largest city in the county of Hampshire on the south coast of England, and is situated south-west of London and north-west of Portsmouth. Southampton is a major port and the closest city to the New Forest...
  
   (d. 1980)
• Died: John Shillington "Jack" Prince, 68, British cricketer and bicyclist. Later, he built tracks for bicycle, motorcycle and sprint car racing.

October 8, 1927 (Saturday)

• The Second 100 Years
  The Second Hundred Years (film)
  The Second Hundred Years is a 1927 short comedy silent film starring Laurel and Hardy as convicts making an escape from prison. Their heads were shaved for their appearance in this film, and their hair had not yet grown back in their roles in Max Davidson's Call Of The Cuckoo , released a week...
  
  , the first film in which Stan Laurel
  Stan Laurel
  Arthur Stanley "Stan" Jefferson , better known as Stan Laurel, was an English comic actor, writer and film director, famous as the first half of the comedy team Laurel and Hardy. His film acting career stretched between 1917 and 1951 and included a starring role in the Academy Award winning film...
  
   and Oliver Hardy
  Oliver Hardy
  Oliver Hardy was an American comic actor famous as one half of Laurel and Hardy, the classic double act that began in the era of silent films and lasted nearly 30 years, from 1927 to 1955.-Early life:...
  
   received top billing, was released.
• Murderer's Row: The New York Yankees
  New York Yankees
  The New York Yankees are a professional baseball team based in the The Bronx, New York. They compete in Major League Baseball in the American League's East Division...
  
   completed a 4-game sweep of the Pittsburgh Pirates
  Pittsburgh Pirates
  The Pittsburgh Pirates are a Major League Baseball club based in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. They play in the Central Division of the National League, and are five-time World Series Champions...
  
   in the World Series, with a 4-3 win.
• In what has been described as "the first ever tactic of using downed aircrew as bat to ambush rescue forces" , Sandinista guerillas shot down U.S. Army Air Corps biplane over Nicaragua
  Nicaragua
  Nicaragua is the largest country in the Central American American isthmus, bordered by Honduras to the north and Costa Rica to the south. The country is situated between 11 and 14 degrees north of the Equator in the Northern Hemisphere, which places it entirely within the tropics. The Pacific Ocean...
  
   near Jicaro then ambushed the would-be rescuers, killing four members of the Nicaraguan Guardia Nacional and wounding some of the U.S. Army forces. The two American crewmen, 2d.Lt. Earl Thomas and Sgt. Frank Dowdell, survived the crash but were later executed.
• Born: César Milstein
  César Milstein
  César Milstein FRS was an Argentine biochemist in the field of antibody research. Milstein shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1984 with Niels K. Jerne and Georges Köhler.-Biography:...
  
  , Argentine scientist, and winner of 1984 Nobel Prize for Medicine; in Bahía Blanca
  Bahía Blanca
  Bahía Blanca is a city located in the south-west of the province of Buenos Aires, Argentina, by the Atlantic Ocean, and seat of government of Bahía Blanca Partido. It has a population of 274,509 inhabitants according to the...
  
   (d. 2002)

October 9, 1927 (Sunday)

• The fire department in Spokane, Washington
  Spokane, Washington
  Spokane is a city located in the Northwestern United States in the state of Washington. It is the largest city of Spokane County of which it is also the county seat, and the metropolitan center of the Inland Northwest region...
  
   blamed a house fire on sunlight and a goldfish bowl, reporting that the glass bowl "acted as a lens, focusing the sun's rays to a single point of impact" to set aflame a curtain at the home of Mrs. E.C. Barrett.
• The Mexican Army battled anti-government rebels as the two forces met at Vera Cruz
  Veracruz, Veracruz
  Veracruz, officially known as Heroica Veracruz, is a major port city and municipality on the Gulf of Mexico in the Mexican state of Veracruz. The city is located in the central part of the state. It is located along Federal Highway 140 from the state capital Xalapa, and is the state's most...
  
   at 3:00 in the afternoon. The fighting lasted until 8:00 pm the next evening, and the insurrection against the Calles government was suppressed.

October 10, 1927 (Monday)

• Spain's National Assembly was allowed to meet by dictator Primo Carnera
  Primo Carnera
  Primo Carnera was an Italian boxer, nicknamed the Ambling Alp, who became the world heavyweight champion.-Biography:...
  
   for the first time since Carnera's ascension to power. The legislature, however, was only allowed to consider measures presented by Carnera.
• Porgy, based on the novel by DuBose Heyward
  DuBose Heyward
  Edwin DuBose Heyward was a white American author best known for his 1925 novel Porgy. This novel was the basis for the play by the same name and, in turn, the opera Porgy and Bess with music by George Gershwin.-Life and career:Heyward was born in 1885 in Charleston, South Carolina and was a...
  
  , opened on broadway at the Guild Theatre as a play, eight years before the opera Porgy and Bess
  Porgy and Bess
  Porgy and Bess is an opera, first performed in 1935, with music by George Gershwin, libretto by DuBose Heyward, and lyrics by Ira Gershwin and DuBose Heyward. It was based on DuBose Heyward's novel Porgy and subsequent play of the same title, which he co-wrote with his wife Dorothy Heyward...
  
  , running for 217 perfomrances before going on tour.
• Teapot Dome scandal
  Teapot Dome scandal
  The Teapot Dome Scandal was a bribery incident that took place in the United States in 1922–23, during the administration of President Warren G. Harding. Secretary of the Interior Albert B. Fall leased Navy petroleum reserves at Teapot Dome and two other locations to private oil companies at low...
  
  : The 1922 lease of rights to the Wyoming's Teapot Dome oil field, granted by then U.S. Secretary of the Interior Albert Fall in return for personal favors, was held to be invalid by unanimous decision of U.S. Supreme Court.
• The jazz musical Jazz Mania premiered, with Duke Ellington
  Duke Ellington
  Edward Kennedy "Duke" Ellington was an American composer, pianist, and big band leader. Ellington wrote over 1,000 compositions...
  
  's band.
• The Palace Museum Library
  Forbidden City
  The Forbidden City was the Chinese imperial palace from the Ming Dynasty to the end of the Qing Dynasty. It is located in the middle of Beijing, China, and now houses the Palace Museum...
  
  , formerly limited to use by the family and staff of the Emperor of China, was opened to scholars in Beijing.
• The Sidewalks of New York, a musical inspired by the popular 1894 song of the same name and starring Ruby Keeler
  Ruby Keeler
  Ruby Keeler, born Ethel Hilda Keeler, was an actress, singer, and dancer most famous for her on-screen coupling with Dick Powell in a string of successful early musicals at Warner Brothers, particularly 42nd Street . From 1928 to 1940, she was married to singer Al Jolson...
  
  , opened on Broadway at the Knickerbocker Theatre
  Knickerbocker Theatre
  Knickerbocker Theatre can refer to:* Knickerbocker Theatre * Knickerbocker Theatre...
  
  ,
• Born: Dana Elcar
  Dana Elcar
  Dana Elcar was an American television and movie character actor. Although he appeared in about 40 films, his most memorable role was on the 1980s and 1990s television series MacGyver as Peter Thornton, an administrator working for the Phoenix Foundation...
  
  , American actor and director, in Ferndale, Michigan
  Ferndale, Michigan
  Ferndale is adjacent to the cities of Detroit to the south, Oak Park to the west, Hazel Park to the east, Pleasant Ridge to the north, Royal Oak Township to the southwest, and Royal Oak to the north....
  
   (d. 2005); David Dinkins
  David Dinkins
  David Norman Dinkins is a former politician from New York City. He was the Mayor of New York City from 1990 through 1993; he was the first and is, to date, the only African American to hold that office.-Early life:...
  
  , first African-American Mayor of New York City, in Trenton, New Jersey
  Trenton, New Jersey
  Trenton is the capital of the U.S. state of New Jersey and the county seat of Mercer County. As of the 2010 United States Census, Trenton had a population of 84,913...
  
  ; Hazel Johnson-Brown
  Hazel Johnson-Brown
  Hazel Winifred Johnson-Brown is a retired nurse and educator, who served with the U.S. Army from 1955-1983. In 1979 she became the first black female general in the United States Army and the first black chief of the Army Nurse Corps...
  
  , first African-American female to become a general in the United States Army; in West Chester, Pennsylvania
  West Chester, Pennsylvania
  The Borough of West Chester is the county seat of Chester County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 18,461 at the 2010 census.Valley Forge, the Brandywine Battlefield, Longwood Gardens, Marsh Creek State Park, and other historical attractions are near West Chester...
  
   (d. 2011)
• Died: Gustave Whitehead
  Gustave Whitehead
  Gustave Albin Whitehead, born Gustav Albin Weisskopf was an aviation pioneer who emigrated from Germany to the U.S., where he designed and built early flying machines and engines meant to power them....
  
  , 53, German-American aviation pioneer

October 11, 1927 (Tuesday)

• Pilot Ruth Elder took off from New York in the airplane American Girl, with her co-pilot, George Haldeman, in an attempt to become the first woman to duplicate Charles Lindbergh's transatlantic crossing to Paris. Mechanical problems caused them to ditch the plane 360 miles from land, but they established a new over-water endurance flight record of 2,623 miles. .
• Mona McLellan, real name Dr. Dorothy Cochrane Logan, arrived at Folkestone
  Folkestone
  Folkestone is the principal town in the Shepway District of Kent, England. Its original site was in a valley in the sea cliffs and it developed through fishing and its closeness to the Continent as a landing place and trading port. The coming of the railways, the building of a ferry port, and its...
  
   after reportedly breaking Gertrude Ederle
  Gertrude Ederle
  Gertrude Caroline Ederle was an American competitive swimmer. In 1926, she became the first woman to swim across the English Channel. Gertrude Ederle was the daughter of a German immigrant who ran a butcher shop on Amsterdam Avenue in Manhattan; she was born in New York City. She was known as...
  
  's record for swimming the English Channel, with a new time of 13 hours and 10 minutes. For the feat, she won a $5,000 prize from the British newspaper News of the World
  News of the World
  The News of the World was a national red top newspaper published in the United Kingdom from 1843 to 2011. It was at one time the biggest selling English language newspaper in the world, and at closure still had one of the highest English language circulations...
  
  . Days later, she revealed that her Channel swim had been a hoax, designed to demonstrate the lack of monitoring or verification of record-breaking attempts.
• Born: William J. Perry, U.S. Secretary of Defense 1994-1997, in Vandergrift, Pennsylvania
  Vandergrift, Pennsylvania
  Mosher shows how Vandergrift was representative of the new industrial suburbs of Pittsburgh. Caught up in a dramatic round of industrial restructuring and labor tension, Pittsburgh steelmaker George McMurtry hired Frederick Law Olmsted's landscape architectural firm in 1895 to design Vandergrift...
  
  

October 12, 1927 (Wednesday)

• Wright Field
  Wright Field
  Wright Field was an airfield of the United States Army Air Corps and Air Forces near Riverside, Ohio. From 1927 to 1947 it was the research and development center for the Air Corps, and during World War II a flight test center....
  
  , located near Dayton, Ohio
  Dayton, Ohio
  Dayton is the 6th largest city in the U.S. state of Ohio and the county seat of Montgomery County, the fifth most populous county in the state. The population was 141,527 at the 2010 census. The Dayton Metropolitan Statistical Area had a population of 841,502 in the 2010 census...
  
  , was dedicated for use by the United States Army Air Corps. The land was created from Wilbur Wright Field and an additional acreage, and renamed in Wilbur's honor and that of Orville Wright. The field is now part of the Wright-Patterson Air Force Base
  Wright-Patterson Air Force Base
  Wright-Patterson Air Force Base is a United States Air Force base in Greene and Montgomery counties in the state of Ohio. It includes both Wright and Patterson Fields, which were originally Wilbur Wright Field and Fairfield Aviation General Supply Depot. Patterson Field is located approximately...
  
  .
• Florence Mills
  Florence Mills
  Florence Mills, born Florence Winfrey , known as the "Queen of Happiness," was an African American cabaret singer, dancer, and comedian known for her effervescent stage presence, delicate voice, and winsome, wide-eyed beauty.-Life and career:A daughter of former enslaved parents, Nellie and John...
  
  , the African-American actress who had become an international superstar while on tour in Europe, made a triumphant return to New York City. She died of a rupture appendix almost three weeks later, after postponing surgery "to attend to the demands of celebrity"
• Died: Alonzo M. Griffen, 80, American preacher, died while making an impassioned speech at to the National Spiritualist Association of Churches
  National Spiritualist Association of Churches
  The National Spiritualist Association of Churches is one of the oldest and largest of the Spiritualist churches in the United States. It was formed in 1893 in Chicago, Illinois. Among its leaders were Harrison D. Barrett and James M. Peebles, both former Unitarian clergymen, and Cora L. Richmond,...
  
   convention in San Antonio

October 13, 1927 (Thursday)

• "Big Joe" Lonardo, the organized crime boss of Cleveland since 1919, was ambushed along with his brother John after being lured to a barber shop owned by his rival, Joe Porello, who then declared himself the new Cleveland mob boss. Porello would be killed in 1930.
• Born: Turgut Özal
  Turgut Özal
  Halil Turgut Özal was Prime Minister of Turkey and President of Turkey . As Prime Minister, he transformed the economy of Turkey by paving the way for the privatization of many state enterprises.-Early life and career:...
  
  , Prime Minister of Turkey
  Prime Minister of Turkey
  The Prime Minister of the Turkey is the head of government in Turkish politics. The prime minister is the leader of a political coalition in the Turkish parliament and the leader of the cabinet....
  
  , 1983-1989 and later President of Turkey
  President of Turkey
  The President of Turkey is the head of state of the Republic of Turkey. The presidency is largely a ceremonial office but has some important functions...
  
  , 1989-1993; in Malatya
  Malatya
  Malatya ) is a city in southeastern Turkey and the capital of its eponymous province.-Overview:The city site has been occupied for thousands of years. The Assyrians called the city Meliddu. Following Roman expansion into the east, the city was renamed in Latin as Melitene...
  
   (d. 1993); and Lee Konitz
  Lee Konitz
  Lee Konitz is an American jazz composer and alto saxophonist born in Chicago, Illinois.Generally considered one of the driving forces of Cool Jazz, Konitz has also performed successfully in bebop and avant-garde settings...
  
  , American jazz composer and alto saxophonist, in Chicago
  Chicago
  Chicago is the largest city in the US state of Illinois. With nearly 2.7 million residents, it is the most populous city in the Midwestern United States and the third most populous in the US, after New York City and Los Angeles...
  
  

October 14, 1927 (Friday)

• Dieudonne Costas and Joseph Le Brix became the first persons to fly an airplane across the South Atlantic Ocean, and the first to make an east-to-west transatlantic crossing, departing Saint-Louis, Senegal
  Saint-Louis, Senegal
  Saint-Louis, or Ndar as it is called in Wolof, is the capital of Senegal's Saint-Louis Region. Located in the northwest of Senegal, near the mouth of the Senegal River, and 320 km north of Senegal's capital city Dakar, it has a population officially estimated at 176,000 in 2005. Saint-Louis...
  
   and arriving in Port Natal, Brazil
  Natal, Rio Grande do Norte
  -History:The northeastern tip of South America, Cabo São Roque, to the north of Natal and the closest point to Europe from Latin America, was first visited by European navigators in 1501, in the 1501–1502 Portuguese expedition led by Amerigo Vespucci, who named the spot after the saint of the day...
  
   21 hours and 15 minutes later, at 11:40 pm local time.
• Born: Roger Moore
  Roger Moore
  Sir Roger George Moore KBE , is an English actor, perhaps best known for portraying British secret agent James Bond in seven films from 1973 to 1985. He also portrayed Simon Templar in the long-running British television series The Saint.-Early life:Moore was born in Stockwell, London...
  
  , English actor, in Stockwell
  Stockwell
  Stockwell is a district in inner south west London, England, located in the London Borough of Lambeth.It is situated south south-east of Charing Cross. Brixton, Clapham, Vauxhall and Kennington all border Stockwell...
  
  , London
  London
  London is the capital city of :England and the :United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom, and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures. Located on the River Thames, London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its...
  
  

October 15, 1927 (Saturday)

• Oil was discovered in Iraq
  Iraq
  Iraq ; officially the Republic of Iraq is a country in Western Asia spanning most of the northwestern end of the Zagros mountain range, the eastern part of the Syrian Desert and the northern part of the Arabian Desert....
  
   at 3:00 am the Baba Gurgur
  Baba Gurgur
  Baba Gurgur is a large oil field near the city of Kirkuk which was the first to be discovered in Northern Iraq in 1927....
  
   fields 50 miles south of Kirkuk
  Kirkuk
  Kirkuk is a city in Iraq and the capital of Kirkuk Governorate.It is located in the Iraqi governorate of Kirkuk, north of the capital, Baghdad...
  
  , with a gusher that erupted after drilling had reached a depth of 1,500 feet. The strike created the first major oil field in the Middle East.
• Mustafa Kemal
  Mustafa Kemal Atatürk
  Mustafa Kemal Atatürk was an Ottoman and Turkish army officer, revolutionary statesman, writer, and the first President of Turkey. He is credited with being the founder of the Republic of Turkey....
  
  , later given the honorific Atatürk (Father of the Turks) began the speech called the Nutuk, for six hours a day over six days, "the primary source for the official Turkish version of the history of the resistance movement"
• Germany's highest court, the Staatsgerichtshof, declared itself to be the "Guardian of the Constitution" of the Weimar republic
• In a drive-by shooting
  Drive-by shooting
  A drive-by shooting is a form of hit-and-run tactic, a personal attack carried out by an individual or individuals from a moving or momentarily stopped vehicle without use of headlights to avoid being noticed. It often results in bystanders being shot instead of, or as well as, the intended target...
  
   on Manhattan's Norfolk Street, Louis "Lepke" Buchalter
  Louis Buchalter
  Louis "Lepke" Buchalter was a Jewish American mobster and head of the Mafia hit squad Murder, Inc. during the 1930s. After Dutch Schultz' request of the Mafia Commission for permission to kill his enemy, U.S. Attorney Thomas Dewey, the Commission decided to kill Schultz in order to prevent the hit...
  
   assassinated "Little Augie" Orgenstein
  Jacob Orgen
  Jacob "Little Augie" Orgen was a New York gangster involved in bootlegging and labor racketeering during Prohibition.-Biography:...
  
  , industrial racketeer, and wounded "Legs" Diamond. Lepke and Gurrah Shapiro
• The heart of General Tadeusz Kościuszko
  Tadeusz Kosciuszko
  Andrzej Tadeusz Bonawentura Kościuszko was a Polish–Lithuanian and American general and military leader during the Kościuszko Uprising. He is a national hero of Poland, Lithuania, the United States and Belarus...
  
   (1746-1817), a hero of the American Revolution
  American Revolution
  The American Revolution was the political upheaval during the last half of the 18th century in which thirteen colonies in North America joined together to break free from the British Empire, combining to become the United States of America...
  
  , was returned to Warsaw
  Warsaw
  Warsaw is the capital and largest city of Poland. It is located on the Vistula River, roughly from the Baltic Sea and from the Carpathian Mountains. Its population in 2010 was estimated at 1,716,855 residents with a greater metropolitan area of 2,631,902 residents, making Warsaw the 10th most...
  
   in a bronze urn, after having been stored for 90 years in a museum at Rapperswil
  Rapperswil
  Rapperswil-Jona is a municipality in the Wahlkreis of See-Gaster in the canton of St. Gallen in Switzerland.Besides Rapperswil and Jona, which were separate municipalities until 2006, the municipality includes Bollingen, Busskirch, Curtiberg, Kempraten-Lenggis, Wagen, and Wurmsbach.-Today:On...
  
   in Switzerland.

October 16, 1927 (Sunday)

• The first remnant of Peking Man
  Peking Man
  Peking Man , Homo erectus pekinensis, is an example of Homo erectus. A group of fossil specimens was discovered in 1923-27 during excavations at Zhoukoudian near Beijing , China...
  
  , a tooth, was found by paleontologist Anders Birger Bohlin at Chou K'ou Tien (Zhoukoudian
  Zhoukoudian
  Zhoukoudian or Choukoutien is a cave system in Beijing, China. It has yielded many archaeological discoveries, including one of the first specimens of Homo erectus, dubbed Peking Man, and a fine assemblage of bones of the gigantic hyena Pachycrocuta brevirostris...
  
  ), under sponsorship of Davidson Black
  Davidson Black
  Davidson Black, FRS was a Canadian paleoanthropologist, best known for his naming of Sinanthropus pekinensis . He was Chairman of the Geological Survey of China and a Fellow of the Royal Society...
  
  , who gave it the scientific name Sinanthropus pekinensis. More remains would be discovered over the next ten years, and reclassified as Homo erectus pekinensis, estimated to be more than 300,000 years old. The specimens would disappear in 1941.
• Born: Günter Grass
  Günter Grass
  Günter Wilhelm Grass is a Nobel Prize-winning German author, poet, playwright, sculptor and artist.He was born in the Free City of Danzig...
  
  , German writer, Nobel Prize in Literature
  Nobel Prize in Literature
  Since 1901, the Nobel Prize in Literature has been awarded annually to an author from any country who has, in the words from the will of Alfred Nobel, produced "in the field of literature the most outstanding work in an ideal direction"...
  
   laureate 1999, in Langfuhr, Danzig
  Wrzeszcz
  Wrzeszcz is one of the boroughs of the Northern Polish city of Gdańsk. With a population of more than 65,000 in an area of 9.9 km² , Wrzeszcz is the most populous part of Gdańsk.- History :...
  
   (now Wrzeszcz, Poland); and Roberto Oropeza Martinez, Mexican writer, in Queretaro
  Querétaro
  Querétaro officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Querétaro de Arteaga is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico. It is divided into 18 municipalities and its capital city is Santiago de Querétaro....
  
  
• Died: Chester A. Thorne
  Thornewood
  Thornewood is an estate in Lakewood, Washington. The estate consists of three buildings, including Thornewood Castle, which was built from the brick of a dismantled 15th century house imported from England. The Castle was used as a set for the Stephen King film Rose Red.The buildings were listed...
  
  , Tacoma millionaire whose ghost is said to haunt Thornewood, used in the filming of the Stephen King film Rose Red
  Rose Red
  Rose Red is a character in the fairy tale Snow-White and Rose-Red, recorded by the Brothers Grimm. She is the sister of Snow-White, not to be confused with Snow White...
  
  

October 17, 1927 (Monday)

• Ban Johnson
  Ban Johnson
  Byron Bancroft "Ban" Johnson , was an American executive in professional baseball who served as the founder and first president of the American League ....
  
  , who had founded the American League in 1901, was forced to step down from the post of President of the AL.
• A revision of the constitution of the semi-independent Republic of Lebanon reduced the size of the legislature and gave President Charles Debbas
  Charles Debbas
  Charles Debbas was a Greek Orthodox Lebanese political figure. He was the first President of Lebanon and served from September 1, 1926 till January 2, 1934, under the French Mandate. He also served as speaker of the Lebanese Parliament from January 30 to October 31, 1934....
  
   the power to appoint one-third of its members. Lebanon remained a protectorate of France, through a High Commissioner.
• Teapot Dome scandal
  Teapot Dome scandal
  The Teapot Dome Scandal was a bribery incident that took place in the United States in 1922–23, during the administration of President Warren G. Harding. Secretary of the Interior Albert B. Fall leased Navy petroleum reserves at Teapot Dome and two other locations to private oil companies at low...
  
  : The criminal trial of former Interior Secretary Albert B. Fall
  Albert B. Fall
  Albert Bacon Fall was a United States Senator from New Mexico and the Secretary of the Interior under President Warren G. Harding, infamous for his involvement in the Teapot Dome scandal.-Early life and family:...
  
   and former Mammoth Oil chief Harry F. Sinclair
  Harry F. Sinclair
  Harry Ford Sinclair was an American oil industrialist.-Early life:Harry Sinclair was born in Benwood, West Virginia, now a suburb of the city of Wheeling. Sinclair grew up in Independence, Kansas. The son of a pharmacist, after finishing high school, he entered the pharmacy department of the...
  
   began.
• Born: Friedrich Hirzebruch
  Friedrich Hirzebruch
  Friedrich Ernst Peter Hirzebruch is a German mathematician, working in the fields of topology, complex manifolds and algebraic geometry, and a leading figure in his generation.-Life:He was born in Hamm, Westphalia...
  
  , German mathematician specializing in algebraic geometry, and co-discoverer of the Hirzebruch-Riemann-Roch theorem, at Hamm

October 18, 1927 (Tuesday)

• Born: George C. Scott
  George C. Scott
  George Campbell Scott was an American stage and film actor, director and producer. He was best known for his stage work, as well as his portrayal of General George S. Patton in the film Patton, and as General Buck Turgidson in Stanley Kubrick's Dr...
  
  , American actor, in Wise, Virginia
  Wise, Virginia
  Wise is a town in Wise County, Virginia, United States. The population was 3,286 at the 2010 census. It is the county seat of Wise County. It was originally incorporated as the town of Gladeville in 1874. The town's name was changed to Wise in 1924. Wise is named after Virginia governor Henry A...
  
   (d. 1999)
• Died: Jacques de Lesseps
  Jacques de Lesseps
  Jacques Benjamin de Lesseps was a French aviator born in Paris on 5 July 1883, killed in an air accident presumably on 18 October 1927 along with his flight engineer Theodor Chichenko. He was the son of French diplomat Ferdinand de Lesseps...
  
  , 44, French aviator and World War One hero, along with his flight engineer Theodor Chichenko, after their plane disappeared off of the coast of Quebec.

October 19, 1927 (Wednesday)

• Buck v. Bell
  Buck v. Bell
  Buck v. Bell, , was the United States Supreme Court ruling that upheld a statute instituting compulsory sterilization of the unfit, including the mentally retarded, "for the protection and health of the state." It was largely seen as an endorsement of negative eugenics—the attempt to improve...
  
  : Carrie Buck, who had fought all the way to the U.S. Supreme Court to have forced sterilization declared unconstitutional- and lost- was sterilized by Dr. Bell. She was one of 50,000 American women sterilized in accordance with state laws, and the case was cited by Nazi lawyers in the sterilization of 2,000,000 women.
• What would become the border between Singapore
  Singapore
  Singapore , officially the Republic of Singapore, is a Southeast Asian city-state off the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula, north of the equator. An island country made up of 63 islands, it is separated from Malaysia by the Straits of Johor to its north and from Indonesia's Riau Islands by the...
  
   and Malaysia was worked out by agreement of the United Kingdom and the Sultan of the State of Johor.
• Born: Pierre Alechinsky
  Pierre Alechinsky
  Pierre Alechinsky is a Belgian artist. He has lived and worked in France since 1951. His work is related to Tachisme, Abstract expressionism, and Lyrical Abstraction.Alechinsky was born in Brussels...
  
  , Belgian painter, in Brussels
  Brussels
  Brussels , officially the Brussels Region or Brussels-Capital Region , is the capital of Belgium and the de facto capital of the European Union...
  
  

October 20, 1927 (Thursday)

• The Stamps Quartet, consisting of Odis Echols, Roy Wheeler, Palmer Wheeler, Dwight Brock, first recorded the gospel music bestseller "Give the World a Smile
  Give the World a Smile
  “Give the World a Smile” was the theme song for the Stamps Quartet, and probably the first Gospel song to become a “gold record.”According to Otis Deaton , in November 1924, he and M. L. Yandell were students at the Stamps School of Music in Jacksonville, Texas. Yandell wrote a tune and asked James...
  
  ". The upbeat song inspired its own genre of gospel music.

October 21, 1927 (Friday)

• Groundbreaking was held for the George Washington Bridge
  George Washington Bridge
  The George Washington Bridge is a suspension bridge spanning the Hudson River, connecting the Washington Heights neighborhood in the borough of Manhattan in New York City to Fort Lee, Bergen County, New Jersey. Interstate 95 and U.S. Route 1/9 cross the river via the bridge. U.S...
  
   on both shores of the Hudson River, and one in the river itself. The bridge would open eight months ahead of schedule, in October 1931.

October 22, 1927 (Saturday)

• Abie's Irish Rose
  Abie's Irish Rose
  Abie's Irish Rose is a popular comedy by Anne Nichols familiar from stage productions, films and radio programs. The basic premise involves an Irish Catholic girl and a young Jewish man who marry despite the objections of their families.-Theater and films:...
  
  closed after a run of 2,327 performances, after having opened on May 23, 1922. At the time, it was the longest running play in Broadway history, and was later passed by Life with Father in 1941.
• Died: Ross Youngs
  Ross Youngs
  Ross Middlebrook Youngs was a Major League Baseball outfielder best known for his superb defense and consistent hitting....
  
  , 30, American baseball outfielder and Hall of Fame member; and Borisav "Bora" Stanković
  Borisav Stankovic
  Borisav "Bora" Stanković was a Serbian writer belonging to the school of realism. His novels and short stories depict the life of people from South Serbia...
  
  , 51 Serbian Yugoslavian writer

October 23, 1927 (Sunday)

• Following an angry confrontation between Leon Trotsky
  Leon Trotsky
  Leon Trotsky , born Lev Davidovich Bronshtein, was a Russian Marxist revolutionary and theorist, Soviet politician, and the founder and first leader of the Red Army....
  
   and Joseph Stalin
  Joseph Stalin
  Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin was the Premier of the Soviet Union from 6 May 1941 to 5 March 1953. He was among the Bolshevik revolutionaries who brought about the October Revolution and had held the position of first General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union's Central Committee...
  
  , Trotsky and Grigory Zinoviev
  Grigory Zinoviev
  Grigory Yevseevich Zinoviev , born Ovsei-Gershon Aronovich Radomyslsky Apfelbaum , was a Bolshevik revolutionary and a Soviet Communist politician...
  
   were expelled from the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
  Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
  The Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union , abbreviated in Russian as ЦК, "Tse-ka", earlier was also called as the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party ...
  
  .
• Born: Barron Hilton
  Barron Hilton
  William Barron Hilton I is an American business magnate, socialite, and hotel heir. He is the former co-chairman of the Hilton Hotels chain, and the original owner of the Los Angeles Chargers...
  
  , American hotel operator, in Dallas; Leszek Kolakowski
  Leszek Kolakowski
  Leszek Kołakowski was a Polish philosopher and historian of ideas. He is best known for his critical analyses of Marxist thought, especially his acclaimed three-volume history, Main Currents of Marxism, which is "considered by some to be one of the most important books on political theory of the...
  
  , Polish philosopher, in Radom
  Radom
  Radom is a city in central Poland with 223,397 inhabitants . It is located on the Mleczna River in the Masovian Voivodeship , having previously been the capital of Radom Voivodeship ; 100 km south of Poland's capital, Warsaw.It is home to the biennial Radom Air Show, the largest and...
  
   (d. 2009); Philip Lamantia
  Philip Lamantia
  Philip Lamantia was an American poet and lecturer. Lamantia's visionary poems were ecstatic, terror-filled, and erotic which explored the subconscious world of dreams and linked it to the experience of daily life.-Biography:...
  
  , American beatnik poet, in San Francisco (d. 2005); and Sonny Criss
  Sonny Criss
  William "Sonny" Criss was an American jazz musician.An alto saxophonist of prominence during the bebop era of jazz, he was one of many players influenced by Charlie Parker.-Biography:...
  
  , American jazz musician, in Memphis (d. 1977)

October 24, 1927 (Monday)

• Mao Zedong
  Mao Zedong
  Mao Zedong, also transliterated as Mao Tse-tung , and commonly referred to as Chairman Mao , was a Chinese Communist revolutionary, guerrilla warfare strategist, Marxist political philosopher, and leader of the Chinese Revolution...
  
   formulated his "Three Rules of Discipline" (1.Obey orders 2.Don't take anything from the workers or peasants and 3.Turn over anything taken from others). This was followed by Six Points for Attention on January 25, 1928, with two more added in January 1929.
• The first Model A
  Model A
  Model A may refer to:* Ford Model A , a model of car built by the Ford Motor Company* Ford Model A , a model of car built by the Ford Motor Company* One of the letter-series models of Farmall tractors...
  
   automobile rolled off the assembly line.
• Born: Barbara Robinson, American children's author (The Best Christmas Pageant Ever
  The Best Christmas Pageant Ever
  The Best Christmas Pageant Ever is a book written by Barbara Robinson in 1972. It tells the story of six delinquent children surnamed Herdman. They go to church for the first time after being told that the church offers snacks...
  
  ), in Portsmouth, Ohio
  Portsmouth, Ohio
  Portsmouth is a city in the U.S. state of Ohio and the county seat of Scioto County. The municipality is located on the northern banks of the Ohio River and east of the Scioto River in Southern Ohio. The population was 20,226 at the 2010 census.-Foundation:...
  
  
• Died: S. Davies Warfield
  S. Davies Warfield
  S. Davies Warfield was an American railroad executive and banker. He is primarily remembered for extending the Seaboard Air Line Railway into South Florida in the 1920s and for connecting the east and west coasts of Florida by rail...
  
  , 68, American railroad magnate and philanthropist

October 25, 1927 (Tuesday)

• The Italian luxury liner Principessa Mafalda, with 998 passengers and a crew of 258, was approaching Porto Seguro
  Porto Seguro
  Porto Seguro is a municipality in the Brazilian state of Bahia. It is the site where the Portuguese explorer Pedro Álvares Cabral first set foot on Brazilian soil on April 22, 1500...
  
  , Brazil
  Brazil
  Brazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population with over 192 million people...
  
  , when its boilers exploded. Nearby ships were able to rescue 963 of the persons who had been on board, but 293 others were missing and presumed to have sunk along with the ship.
• Born: Lawrence Kohlberg
  Lawrence Kohlberg
  Lawrence Kohlberg was a Jewish American psychologist born in Bronxville, New York, who served as a professor at the University of Chicago, as well as Harvard University. Having specialized in research on moral education and reasoning, he is best known for his theory of stages of moral development...
  
  , American philosopher and psychologist, in Bronxville, New York
  Bronxville, New York
  Bronxville is an affluent village within the town of Eastchester, New York, in the United States. It is a suburb of New York City, located approximately north of midtown Manhattan in southern Westchester County. At the 2010 census, Bronxville had a population of 6,323...
  
   (committed suicide 1987); Jorge Batlle Ibáñez
  Jorge Batlle Ibáñez
  Jorge Luis Batlle Ibáñez is a politician from Uruguay, a member of the Colorado Party. He served as the President of Uruguay from 2000 to 2005....
  
  , President of Uruguay
  President of Uruguay
  The President of the Oriental Republic of Uruguay is the head of state of Uruguay. His or her rights are determined in the Constitution of Uruguay. Conforms with the Secretariat of the Presidency, the Council of Ministers and the Director of the Office of Planning and Budget, the executive branch...
  
   from 2000 to 2005; in Montevideo
  Montevideo
  Montevideo is the largest city, the capital, and the chief port of Uruguay. The settlement was established in 1726 by Bruno Mauricio de Zabala, as a strategic move amidst a Spanish-Portuguese dispute over the platine region, and as a counter to the Portuguese colony at Colonia del Sacramento...
  
  ; and Barbara Cook
  Barbara Cook
  Barbara Cook is an American singer and actress who first came to prominence in the 1950s after starring in the original Broadway musicals Candide and The Music Man among others, winning a Tony Award for the latter...
  
  , American stage actress, in Atlanta

October 26, 1927 (Wednesday)

• Died: Hermann Muthesius
  Hermann Muthesius
  Adam Gottlieb Hermann Muthesius , known as Hermann Muthesius, was a German architect, author and diplomat, perhaps best known for promoting many of the ideas of the English Arts and Crafts movement within Germany and for his subsequent influence on early pioneers of German architectural modernism...
  
  , 66, German architect, in an auto accident

October 27, 1927 (Thursday)

• Queen Wilhelmina of the Netherlands
  Wilhelmina of the Netherlands
  Wilhelmina was Queen regnant of the Kingdom of the Netherlands from 1890 to 1948. She ruled the Netherlands for fifty-eight years, longer than any other Dutch monarch. Her reign saw World War I and World War II, the economic crisis of 1933, and the decline of the Netherlands as a major colonial...
  
   opened the Meuse-Waal Canal in Nijmegen.
• At 5:50 a.m. a ground fault gave way, causing the mine and part of the town of Worthington to collapse into a large chasm located in Ontario, Canada. Nobody was injured in the incident, but the area was evacuated the night before after a mine foreman noticed abnormal rock shifts in the mine.
• Born: Mikhail Postnikov
  Mikhail Postnikov
  Mikhail Mikhailovich Postnikov was a Soviet mathematician, known for his work in algebraic and differential topology....
  
  , Soviet mathematician, in Shatura
  Shatura
  Shatura is a town and the administrative center of Shatursky District, Moscow Oblast, Russia, located on Svyatoye Lake east of Moscow. Population:...
  
   (d. 2004); Dominick Argento
  Dominick Argento
  Dominick Argento is an American composer, best known as a leading composer of lyric opera and choral music...
  
  , American musician and Pulitzer Prize winner, in York, Pennsylvania
  York, Pennsylvania
  York, known as the White Rose City , is a city located in York County, Pennsylvania, United States which is in the South Central region of the state. The population within the city limits was 43,718 at the 2010 census, which was a 7.0% increase from the 2000 count of 40,862...
  
  ; Paul Graf
  Aurora trout
  The aurora trout, Salvelinus fontinalis timagamiensis, is a variant or subspecies of the brook trout native to two lakes in the Temagami District of Ontario, Canada. The existence of the fish was brought to the attention of the angling world by four American anglers who were taken by Archie King of...
  
  , Canadian biologist credited with saving the aurora trout from extinction, in Steinheim
  Steinheim
  Steinheim may refer to:*municipalities in Germany:**Steinheim, Westphalia, in the district of Höxter, North Rhine-Westphalia**Steinheim an der Murr, in the district of Ludwigsburg, Baden-Württemberg...
  
  ; Patricia Crowther
  Patricia Crowther (Wiccan)
  Patricia Crowther is considered influential in the early promotion of the Wicca religion. She was born in Sheffield as Patricia Dawson....
  
  , British witch and promoter of Wicca, in Sheffield
  Sheffield
  Sheffield is a city and metropolitan borough of South Yorkshire, England. Its name derives from the River Sheaf, which runs through the city. Historically a part of the West Riding of Yorkshire, and with some of its southern suburbs annexed from Derbyshire, the city has grown from its largely...
  
  ; and Jimmy Slyde
  Jimmy Slyde
  Jimmy Slyde known as the King of Slides, was a world-renowned tap dancer, especially famous for his innovative tap style mixed with jazz....
  
  , American tap dancer, in Atlanta (d. 2008)
• Died: Squizzy Taylor
  Squizzy Taylor
  Joseph Leslie Theodore "Squizzy" Taylor was an Australian Melbourne-based gangster. He rose to notoriety by leading a violent gang war against a rival criminal faction in 1919, absconding from bail and successfully hiding from the police for over a year in 1921-22, and the Glenferrie robbery in...
  
  , 39, Australian gangster, after a shootout with a rival; and Edward Guinness, 79, Irish beer brewer

October 28, 1927 (Friday)

• Pan American Airways made the first regularly scheduled international flight by an American airline (and Pan Am's very first flight), with pilot Hugh Wells taking off from Key West
  Key West
  Key West is an island in the Straits of Florida on the North American continent at the southernmost tip of the Florida Keys. Key West is home to the southernmost point in the Continental United States; the island is about from Cuba....
  
  , Florida, to Havana
  Havana
  Havana is the capital city, province, major port, and leading commercial centre of Cuba. The city proper has a population of 2.1 million inhabitants, and it spans a total of — making it the largest city in the Caribbean region, and the most populous...
  
  , Cuba, in a tri-motor Fokker F-VIII. Passenger service did not begin until January 16, 1928. Pan Am's very last flight would also be international and from a Caribbean island to Florida, as Captain Mark Pyle brought Pan Am Flight 436 from Bridgetown, Barbados to a landing in Miami on December 4, 1991.
• Fox Movietone News presented the first synchronized-sound newsreel, at the Roxy Theater in New York.
• Born: Roza Makagonova
  Roza Makagonova
  Roza Ivanovna Makagonova was a Soviet actress. Makagonova was awarded as a Meritorious Artist in 1976.- Biography :Makagonova was born on October 28, 1927 in Samara. In 1951, she finished the Gerasimov Institute of Cinematography and until 1990, she worked in the governmental theater of actors in...
  
  , Soviet actress, in Samara
  Samara
  -Geography:*Samara Oblast, a federal subject of Russia*Samara, Russia, a city on the eastern bank of the Volga River, Russia*Samara Bend, the largest bend of the Volga River*Samara Reservoir, an informal name of Kuybyshev Reservoir on the Volga River...
  
  , RSFSR (d. 1995)

October 29, 1927 (Saturday)

• The Central Committee of the Communist Party of the USSR adopted the resolution "On the Cleansing of Libraries from Ideologically Harmful Literature", requiring the removal of disapproved books across the Soviet Union.
• Born: Lt. Col. Yuri Nosenko
  Yuri Nosenko
  Lt. Col. Yuri Ivanovich Nosenko was a KGB defector and a figure of significant controversy within the U.S. intelligence community, since his claims contradicted another defector, Anatoliy Golitsyn, who believed he was a KGB plant...
  
  , KGB agent who defected to the United States in 1964, and was imprisoned on suspicion of being a double agent until 1967; in Nikolayev
  Nikolayev
  Nikolayev, also spelled Nikolaev , or Nikolayeva , is a Russian last name and may refer to:*Aleksey Nikolayev , Uzbekistani football player*Alene Nikolayev, Bulgarian civic society leader...
  
  , Ukrainian SSR
  Ukrainian SSR
  The Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic or in short, the Ukrainian SSR was a sovereign Soviet Socialist state and one of the fifteen constituent republics of the Soviet Union lasting from its inception in 1922 to the breakup in 1991...
  
  . (d. 2008)

October 30, 1927 (Sunday)

• Admiral Paul Kondouriotis, the President of Greece, survived an assassination attempt by a 25-year-old waiter. Zafioios Goussies shot President Kondouriotis in the head as the President was leaving a conference of Greece's mayors in Athens.

October 31, 1927 (Monday)

• The drifting ship Ryo Yei Maru was spotted off of Cape Flattery
  Cape Flattery
  Cape Flattery may refer to:* Cape Flattery * Cape Flattery , between North Direction Island, South Direction Island and Three Islands...
  
  , Washington State. When the American freighter Margaret Dollar arrived, the rescurers found the emaciated bodies of all twelve of the Japanese ship's crew. The ship's engine had failed on December 23, 1926, during a gale, and the men onboard slowly died of starvation, with the last one succumbing on May 11. Having drifted 5,000 miles, the ship was towed into Seattle. After a Buddhist funeral ceremony for the 12 men, their bodies were cremated and the vessel was burned.
• Born: Lee Grant
  Lee Grant
  Lee Grant is an American stage, film and television actress, and film director. She was blacklisted for 12 years from film work beginning in the mid-1950s, but worked in the theatre, and would eventually win the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for her performance as Felicia Carp in the...
  
  , American actress, in New York City
  New York City
  New York is the most populous city in the United States and the center of the New York Metropolitan Area, one of the most populous metropolitan areas in the world. New York exerts a significant impact upon global commerce, finance, media, art, fashion, research, technology, education, and...