Danish exonyms
Encyclopedia
Danish language
exonyms
for non-Danish speaking locations exist, primarily in Europe
, but many of these are not commonly used anymore, with a few notable exceptions. Rom (Rome
), Lissabon and Sankt Petersborg (St Petersburg) are still compulsory, while e.g. Prag and Venedig are more common than Praha and Venezia. In the decades following World War II, there has been a strong tendency towards replacing Danish exonyms with the native equivalent used in the foreign country itself. Possibly this is because many of these Danish forms (e.g. for names in Belgium, Italy and Eastern Europe) were imported from German.
Until recently, it was official Danish policy to use Danish exonyms on road signs if Danish forms were commonly used and known. This has, however, been changed following a change in international agreements. Currently, one can still see Danish road signs pointing towards Flensborg and Hamborg across the border, however signs with Nibøl have been replaced for the sake of Niebüll
. Signs leading to the Sound Bridge usually have Malmø with Danish spelling.
In Southern Schleswig
, the region south of the Danish-German border, a set of original (or, in some cases, reconstructed) Danish placenames exists alongside with the German names, just like most North Slesvig placenames have German counterparts dating from the period under Prussian rule (1864–1920). The Danish placenames in Southern Schleswig are used by the local Danish minority and their media, while others may avoid their usage for political reasons. The usage of German placenames in North Slesvig is similarly preferred by the local German minority (when speaking and writing German), but traditionally shunned by many Danes in the region. From 2008, municipalities in Schleswig-Holstein have been allowed to double their town sign
s with the official minority languages: Danish, Frisian and Low German. So far, the city of Flensburg has been the only municipality to introduce bilingual German/Danish signs.
Danish placenames dating from the colonial era exist for almost all major settlements in Greenland. Some of the places in question were founded as settlements under a Danish name, while others were originally Greenlandic toponyms. Very frequently, the Danish and Greenlandic names have different etymologies; while the former are often named after settlers or explorers, the latter usually describe geographical features. In 1983, a Danish law officially transferred the naming authority to the Greenlandic Home Rule. During the years before and after that, a complete set of Greenlandic placenames have ousted the former traditional Danish names. Danish names in Greenland are now mostly known or used by older-generation Danish-speakers or by Danes living in Greenland. However, Greenland is still officially and de facto bilingual.
Faroese placenames were Danicised in an era when no Faroese orthography existed, but the Danish names were replaced by Faroese ones during the first half of the 20th century (somewhat later on maps). Today only Thorshavn is commonly used (alongside with the Faroese Tórshavn and the hybrid Torshavn).
An example of radical use of Danish exonyms can be found in a great number of street names on the island of Amager
, a part of Copenhagen. The city expanded greatly during the first half of the 20th century. Dozens of streets in the district were named after European cities or regions. It was deemed sutiable for practical reasons that street names were adapted to Danish spelling rules, resulting in names such as Nyrnborggade and Lyneborggade.
Due to historical reasons, the list also includes the United States Virgin Islands
in the Caribbean.
, a Danish territory until 1864 and still home to a Danish minority. Some of these exonyms are not commonly known in Denmark proper, but remain in use among the Danish minority in Germany and its newspaper, Flensborg Avis
, and among the few remaining speakers of the South Jutlandic dialect south of the border. The names are also traditionally used by Danish historians, although some modern academics dismiss the usage of Danish exonyms outside present Denmark, at least in writing. Larger and well-known locations are more likely to be referred to by means of a Danish exonym, e.g. Flensborg and Slesvig [By], but also Hamborg which is not in the Schleswig region. The historical Dannevirke
fortification is always referred to by its Danish name.
While almost all placenames in Schleswig north of the medieval language border (a line between Husum and Eckernförde
, excluding the North Frisia
n area) are of genuine Danish (North Germanic) origin, there have also been limited attempts to construct Danish alternatives for placenames in the extreme southern part of Schleswig, which is originally German (Low Saxon) speaking. The latter names, as well as Danicised placenames in the Frisian area, are less commonly used. During 1814-64, when the Danish monarchy comprised the Duchy of Holstein
, there was also sporadic usage of Danicised spellings of placenames in Holstein, such as Pløen (Plön
) and Vandsbæk (Wandsbek). The latter name is still seen in the Danish phrase "ad Vandsbæk til" (see: Wandsbek (quarter)#History).
and Nynorsk
. Until then, a very great number of Norwegian placenames were written in Danish. Almost all of them are now obsolete and not even used in Danish historical contexts. They may, however, still be used in the names of Norwegian newspapers, companies, institutions and associations. In present Norway, they will often be perceived more like "ancient" names than Danish ones.
Some of these forms are archaic, based on names used in the 17th century prior to the surrender of the Eastern Danish lands Skåne, Halland
and Blekinge
to Sweden. Modern usage is primarily confined to history books and Scanian activists. These forms were also used in a number of texts in the first decades of the 20th century. The only example consistently used in modern Danish is Hven, maybe because this form hinders confusion with the Danish word ven ("friend"). Since the opening of the Øresund Bridge, the form Malmø has again gained widespread use above Malmö. Engelholm and Øland (Öland
) are occasionally seen. Knærød and Elfsborg are relatively common in historical works, due to their connection to historical events; the 1613 Peace of Knäred
(Freden i Knærød) and the Ransom of Älvsborg (Elfsborgs løsen). The forms Gønge and Gønge Herred are also quite common given their connection to Svend Poulsen Gønge, known from Carit Etlar
's historical novel, Gøngehøvdingen.
The U.S. Virgin Islands were formerly a colony of Denmark, often referred to simply as Sankt Thomas, Sankt Jan og Sankt Croix.
Danish language
Danish is a North Germanic language spoken by around six million people, principally in the country of Denmark. It is also spoken by 50,000 Germans of Danish ethnicity in the northern parts of Schleswig-Holstein, Germany, where it holds the status of minority language...
exonyms
Exonym and endonym
In ethnolinguistics, an endonym or autonym is a local name for a geographical feature, and an exonym or xenonym is a foreign language name for it...
for non-Danish speaking locations exist, primarily in Europe
Europe
Europe is, by convention, one of the world's seven continents. Comprising the westernmost peninsula of Eurasia, Europe is generally 'divided' from Asia to its east by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas, and the waterways connecting...
, but many of these are not commonly used anymore, with a few notable exceptions. Rom (Rome
Rome
Rome is the capital of Italy and the country's largest and most populated city and comune, with over 2.7 million residents in . The city is located in the central-western portion of the Italian Peninsula, on the Tiber River within the Lazio region of Italy.Rome's history spans two and a half...
), Lissabon and Sankt Petersborg (St Petersburg) are still compulsory, while e.g. Prag and Venedig are more common than Praha and Venezia. In the decades following World War II, there has been a strong tendency towards replacing Danish exonyms with the native equivalent used in the foreign country itself. Possibly this is because many of these Danish forms (e.g. for names in Belgium, Italy and Eastern Europe) were imported from German.
Until recently, it was official Danish policy to use Danish exonyms on road signs if Danish forms were commonly used and known. This has, however, been changed following a change in international agreements. Currently, one can still see Danish road signs pointing towards Flensborg and Hamborg across the border, however signs with Nibøl have been replaced for the sake of Niebüll
Niebüll
Niebüll is a town in the district of Nordfriesland, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It is situated near the North Sea coast and the border with Denmark, approx. 35 km northwest of Husum.-International relations:...
. Signs leading to the Sound Bridge usually have Malmø with Danish spelling.
In Southern Schleswig
Southern Schleswig
Southern Schleswig denotes the southern half of the former Duchy of Schleswig on the Jutland Peninsula. The geographical area today covers the thirty or forty northernmost kilometers of Germany up to the Flensburg Fjord, where it borders on Denmark...
, the region south of the Danish-German border, a set of original (or, in some cases, reconstructed) Danish placenames exists alongside with the German names, just like most North Slesvig placenames have German counterparts dating from the period under Prussian rule (1864–1920). The Danish placenames in Southern Schleswig are used by the local Danish minority and their media, while others may avoid their usage for political reasons. The usage of German placenames in North Slesvig is similarly preferred by the local German minority (when speaking and writing German), but traditionally shunned by many Danes in the region. From 2008, municipalities in Schleswig-Holstein have been allowed to double their town sign
Town sign
A town sign or city limit sign is a road sign placed at the side of the road or street at the boundary of the territory of a city, town, or village. In most cases town signs are placed for reading both by drivers entering the town and, in a different format, by those exiting it. Signs give the...
s with the official minority languages: Danish, Frisian and Low German. So far, the city of Flensburg has been the only municipality to introduce bilingual German/Danish signs.
Danish placenames dating from the colonial era exist for almost all major settlements in Greenland. Some of the places in question were founded as settlements under a Danish name, while others were originally Greenlandic toponyms. Very frequently, the Danish and Greenlandic names have different etymologies; while the former are often named after settlers or explorers, the latter usually describe geographical features. In 1983, a Danish law officially transferred the naming authority to the Greenlandic Home Rule. During the years before and after that, a complete set of Greenlandic placenames have ousted the former traditional Danish names. Danish names in Greenland are now mostly known or used by older-generation Danish-speakers or by Danes living in Greenland. However, Greenland is still officially and de facto bilingual.
Faroese placenames were Danicised in an era when no Faroese orthography existed, but the Danish names were replaced by Faroese ones during the first half of the 20th century (somewhat later on maps). Today only Thorshavn is commonly used (alongside with the Faroese Tórshavn and the hybrid Torshavn).
An example of radical use of Danish exonyms can be found in a great number of street names on the island of Amager
Amager
Amager is a Danish island in the Øresund. The Danish capital, Copenhagen, is partly situated on Amager, which is connected to the much larger island of Zealand by five bridges.-History:...
, a part of Copenhagen. The city expanded greatly during the first half of the 20th century. Dozens of streets in the district were named after European cities or regions. It was deemed sutiable for practical reasons that street names were adapted to Danish spelling rules, resulting in names such as Nyrnborggade and Lyneborggade.
Due to historical reasons, the list also includes the United States Virgin Islands
United States Virgin Islands
The Virgin Islands of the United States are a group of islands in the Caribbean that are an insular area of the United States. The islands are geographically part of the Virgin Islands archipelago and are located in the Leeward Islands of the Lesser Antilles.The U.S...
in the Caribbean.
Albania
| English name | Local name (Albanian) | Danish name |
|---|---|---|
| Tirana Tirana Tirana is the capital and the largest city of Albania. Modern Tirana was founded as an Ottoman town in 1614 by Sulejman Bargjini, a local ruler from Mullet, although the area has been continuously inhabited since antiquity. Tirana became Albania's capital city in 1920 and has a population of over... |
Tiranë | Tirana |
Belgium
| English name | Local name (Dutch/French) | Danish name |
|---|---|---|
| Bruges Bruges Bruges is the capital and largest city of the province of West Flanders in the Flemish Region of Belgium. It is located in the northwest of the country.... |
Brugge/Bruges | Brügge (archaic) |
| Brussels Brussels Brussels , officially the Brussels Region or Brussels-Capital Region , is the capital of Belgium and the de facto capital of the European Union... |
Brussel/Bruxelles | Bryssel (now less used than Bruxelles) |
| Ostend Ostend Ostend is a Belgian city and municipality located in the Flemish province of West Flanders. It comprises the boroughs of Mariakerke , Stene and Zandvoorde, and the city of Ostend proper – the largest on the Belgian coast.... |
Oostende | Ostende |
Czech Republic
| English name | Local name (Czech) | Danish name |
|---|---|---|
| Bohemia Bohemia Bohemia is a historical region in central Europe, occupying the western two-thirds of the traditional Czech Lands. It is located in the contemporary Czech Republic with its capital in Prague... |
Čechy | Bøhmen |
| Moravia Moravia Moravia is a historical region in Central Europe in the east of the Czech Republic, and one of the former Czech lands, together with Bohemia and Silesia. It takes its name from the Morava River which rises in the northwest of the region... |
Morava | Mæhren |
| Prague Prague Prague is the capital and largest city of the Czech Republic. Situated in the north-west of the country on the Vltava river, the city is home to about 1.3 million people, while its metropolitan area is estimated to have a population of over 2.3 million... |
Praha | Prag |
| Plzeň | Plzeň | Pilsen |
| Silesia Silesia Silesia is a historical region of Central Europe located mostly in Poland, with smaller parts also in the Czech Republic, and Germany.Silesia is rich in mineral and natural resources, and includes several important industrial areas. Silesia's largest city and historical capital is Wrocław... |
Slezsk | Slesien (rare) or Schlesien |
| Sudetenland Sudetenland Sudetenland is the German name used in English in the first half of the 20th century for the northern, southwest and western regions of Czechoslovakia inhabited mostly by ethnic Germans, specifically the border areas of Bohemia, Moravia, and those parts of Silesia being within Czechoslovakia.The... |
Sudety | Sudeterlandet |
Faroe Islands
Modern Danish generally uses the original Faroese names. Torshavn / Thorshavn is still in active use. Fuglefjord, Klaksvig and Tverå are occasionally seen. There are no established English exonyms for any place on the islands.| Local name (Faroese) | Danish name |
|---|---|
| Argir Argir Argir is a village in the Faroe Islands.*Population: 1907*Postal code . FO 160*Location: *Municipality: Tórshavnar kommuna*Football team: AB... |
Arge |
| Ánir Ánir Ánir , also Ánirnar is a village in the Faroe Islands on the northern island of Borðoy. In 2007 it had a population of 18- General :... |
Åerne |
| Árnafjørður Árnafjørður Árnafjørður is a town of the municipality of Klaksvík, on the island of Borðoy, in the Faroe Islands.Árnafjørður is located at the bottom of a deep inlet, named Árnfjarðarvík, "corner fjord's bay", on the east side of Borðoy. In 1875, an abandoned Norwegian vessel loaded with large amounts of... |
Arnefjord |
| Bøur Bøur Bøur is a village in the Sørvágs Kommuna of the Faroe Islands, 4 km west of Sørvágur, with a population of 70 . Its location is and its postal code is FO 386.... |
Bø |
| Dalur Dalur Dalur is a village in the Faroe Islands. Dalur is located on the east-side of Sandoy.The village lies in the bottom of a relatively large valley. Dalur means valley in Faroese.A little road leads from Dalur to the south-tip of the island... |
Dal |
| Depil Depil Depil is a village in the Faroe Islands.*Population: 2*Location: *Postal code : FO 735*Municipality: HvannasundsDepil is located on the east side of Borðoy between Norðdepil and Norðtoftir.The village has only two inhabitants.... |
Deble/Deple |
| Eiði Eiði Eiði is a large village located on the north-west tip of Eysturoy, Faroe Islands Its name means isthmus in the Faroese language. The town has a population of 669In the center of the village there is a large stone church from 1881... |
Ejde |
| Elduvík Elduvík Elduvík is a small village in the Faroe Islands. Elduvík is located in the Funningsfjørður-inlet on Eysturoy's northeast side. The village which has a population of 23 is split into two parts by a small river. The church in Elduvík dates from 1952... |
Eldevig |
| Fámjin Fámjin Fámjin is a village, located in the middle of the coastline on the western side of Suðuroy, the southernmost island in Faroe Islands. It has a population of around 100.... |
Famien |
| Froðba Froðba Froðba is a village located farthest out on the north brink of Trongisvágsfjørður, an inlet on the east coast of the island of Suðuroy in the Faroe Islands. The village has eventually merged with the harbour-city of Tvøroyri.... |
Frodebø |
| Fuglafjørður Fuglafjørður Fuglafjørður is a village on Eysturoy's east coast in the Faroe Islands. Its name means "fjord of birds".* Population: 1562* Location: * Postal code : FO 530* Municipality: Fuglafjardar* Football team: ÍF Fuglafjørður... |
Fuglefjord |
| Funningsfjørður Funningsfjørður Funningsfjørður is a village located at the end of a fjord of the same name . It was founded in 1812, with Elduvikar as its municipality.There was a whaling station in Funningsfjørður from 1902 to 1913.... |
Fundingsfjord |
| Funningur Funningur Funningur is a town on the Faroe Islands. It is located on the north-west coast of Eysturoy . It was the only village in the municipality called Funnings kommuna, which on 1 January 2009 became part of Runavíkar kommuna.... |
Funding |
| Gásadalur Gásadalur Gásadalur is located on the west-side of Vágar, Faroe Islands, and enjoys a panoramic view over the island of Mykines.Gásadalur is located on the edge of Mykinesfjørður, surrounded by the highest mountains on Vágar. Árnafjall towers to a height of 722 metres to the north, and Eysturtindur to the... |
Gåsedal |
| Gjógv Gjógv Gjógv |geo]]) is a village located on the northeast tip of the island of Eysturoy, in the Faroe Islands and 63 km north by road from the capital of Tórshavn... |
Gjov/Fundingsgjov |
| Glyvrar Glyvrar Glyvrar is a village located on Eysturoy, in the Faroe Islands.It is one of several villages on the eastside of Skalafjørður that have grown into a 10 kilometre long conurbation.In Glyvrar there is a museum called ’Bygdasavnid Forni’... |
Glibre |
| Hattarvík Hattarvík Hattarvík is a small village on Fugloy, Faroe Islands and the most eastern place in the country.*Population: 17 *Postal code : FO 767*Location: *Municipality: Fugloyar kommuna... |
Hattevig |
| Lítla Dímun Lítla Dímun Lítla Dímun is a small island between the islands of Suðuroy and Stóra Dímun in the Faroe Islands. It is the smallest of the main 18 islands, being less than in area, and is the only uninhabited one... |
Lille Dimon |
| Stóra Dímun Stóra Dímun Stóra Dímun is an island in the southern Faroe Islands, sometimes only referred to as Dímun. The island is accessible from sea only during periods of clear and calm weather, but regular helicopter service is available twice a week through the whole year.... |
Store Dimon |
Estonia
| English name | Local name (Estoniah) | Danish name |
|---|---|---|
| Hiiumaa Hiiumaa Hiiumaa is the second largest island belonging to Estonia. It is located in the Baltic Sea, north of the island of Saaremaa, a part of the West Estonian archipelago. Its largest town is Kärdla.-Name:... |
Hiiumaa | Dagø |
| Saaremaa Saaremaa Saaremaa is the largest island in Estonia, measuring 2,673 km². The main island of Saare County, it is located in the Baltic Sea, south of Hiiumaa island, and belongs to the West Estonian Archipelago... |
Saaremaa | Øsel |
| Tallinn Tallinn Tallinn is the capital and largest city of Estonia. It occupies an area of with a population of 414,940. It is situated on the northern coast of the country, on the banks of the Gulf of Finland, south of Helsinki, east of Stockholm and west of Saint Petersburg. Tallinn's Old Town is in the list... |
Tallinn | Reval (historical name) |
| Tartu Tartu Tartu is the second largest city of Estonia. In contrast to Estonia's political and financial capital Tallinn, Tartu is often considered the intellectual and cultural hub, especially since it is home to Estonia's oldest and most renowned university. Situated 186 km southeast of Tallinn, the... |
Tartu | Dorpat (historical name) |
Finland
- HelsinkiHelsinkiHelsinki is the capital and largest city in Finland. It is in the region of Uusimaa, located in southern Finland, on the shore of the Gulf of Finland, an arm of the Baltic Sea. The population of the city of Helsinki is , making it by far the most populous municipality in Finland. Helsinki is...
Helsingfors - which is the Swedish name of the city. In general Swedish names are used for more well-known places, Åbo instead of Turku, Tammerfors instead of Tampere. Less well-known places (to Danes, at any rate) will tend to retain their Finnish-language names (Lappeenranta instead of Villmanstrand, Iisalmi instead of Idensalmi).
France
| English name | Local name (French) | Danish name |
|---|---|---|
| Corsica Corsica Corsica is an island in the Mediterranean Sea. It is located west of Italy, southeast of the French mainland, and north of the island of Sardinia.... |
Corse | Korsika |
Germany
Danish has a very large number of exonyms for locations in modern Germany. Almost all of these are originally Danish names in the region of Southern SchleswigSouthern Schleswig
Southern Schleswig denotes the southern half of the former Duchy of Schleswig on the Jutland Peninsula. The geographical area today covers the thirty or forty northernmost kilometers of Germany up to the Flensburg Fjord, where it borders on Denmark...
, a Danish territory until 1864 and still home to a Danish minority. Some of these exonyms are not commonly known in Denmark proper, but remain in use among the Danish minority in Germany and its newspaper, Flensborg Avis
Flensborg Avis
Flensborg Avis is a Danish language daily newspaper, published in Flensburg , Germany.Flensborg Avis was founded October 1, 1869, in Flensburg by members of the Danish minority in the Province of Schleswig-Holstein. It now represents the Danish minority in Southern Schleswig...
, and among the few remaining speakers of the South Jutlandic dialect south of the border. The names are also traditionally used by Danish historians, although some modern academics dismiss the usage of Danish exonyms outside present Denmark, at least in writing. Larger and well-known locations are more likely to be referred to by means of a Danish exonym, e.g. Flensborg and Slesvig [By], but also Hamborg which is not in the Schleswig region. The historical Dannevirke
Danevirke
The Danevirke The Danevirke The Danevirke (modern Danish spelling: Dannevirke; in Old Norse Danavirki ; in German Danewerk ; is a system of Danish fortifications in Schleswig-Holstein (Northern Germany). This important linear defensive earthwork was constructed across the neck of the Cimbrian...
fortification is always referred to by its Danish name.
While almost all placenames in Schleswig north of the medieval language border (a line between Husum and Eckernförde
Eckernförde
Eckernförde is a German city in Schleswig-Holstein, Kreis Rendsburg-Eckernförde at the Baltic Sea near Kiel. The population is about 23,000.All German submarines are stationed in Eckernförde....
, excluding the North Frisia
North Frisia
North Frisia or Northern Friesland is the northernmost portion of Frisia, located primarily in Germany between the rivers Eider and Wiedau/Vidå. It includes a number of islands, e.g., Sylt, Föhr, Amrum, Nordstrand, and Heligoland.-History:...
n area) are of genuine Danish (North Germanic) origin, there have also been limited attempts to construct Danish alternatives for placenames in the extreme southern part of Schleswig, which is originally German (Low Saxon) speaking. The latter names, as well as Danicised placenames in the Frisian area, are less commonly used. During 1814-64, when the Danish monarchy comprised the Duchy of Holstein
Holstein
Holstein is the region between the rivers Elbe and Eider. It is part of Schleswig-Holstein, the northernmost state of Germany....
, there was also sporadic usage of Danicised spellings of placenames in Holstein, such as Pløen (Plön
Plön
Plön is the district seat of the Plön district in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany, and has about 13,000 inhabitants. It lies right on the shores of Schleswig-Holstein's biggest lake, the Great Plön Lake, as well as on several smaller lakes, touching the town on virtually all sides...
) and Vandsbæk (Wandsbek). The latter name is still seen in the Danish phrase "ad Vandsbæk til" (see: Wandsbek (quarter)#History).
|
Jübek Jübek is a municipality in the district of Schleswig-Flensburg, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany.... Jybæk or Jydbæk Kappeln Kappeln is a town in the district of Schleswig-Flensburg, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It is situated on the north bank of the Schlei, approx. northeast of Schleswig, and southeast of Flensburg.... Kappel Gereby Gereby is the former name of a German place nowadays called Carlsburg. It is situated in Schwansen at the northern borderline to Angeln . Today Carlsburg is a settlement on the Schlei inlet, some 10 km south of the city of Kappeln... Kiel Canal The Kiel Canal , known as the Kaiser-Wilhelm-Kanal until 1948, is a long canal in the German state of Schleswig-Holstein.The canal links the North Sea at Brunsbüttel to the Baltic Sea at Kiel-Holtenau. An average of is saved by using the Kiel Canal instead of going around the Jutland Peninsula.... Kielerkanalen Klixbüll Klixbüll is a municipality in the district of Nordfriesland, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany.... Klægsbøl Kupfermühle Kupfermühle is a village located north of Flensburg in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It is located near the Flensburg Fjord just south of the easternmost part of the Danish-German border.... Kobbermølle Langballig Langballig is a municipality in the district of Schleswig-Flensburg, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It is situated near the Baltic Sea, approx. 13 km east of Flensburg.Langballig is the seat of the Amt Langballig.... Langballe Leck Leck |Mooring North Frisian]]: Leek) is a municipality in the district of Nordfriesland, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It is situated approx. 30 km north of Husum, and 30 km west of Flensburg.It is also home to the former Leck Air Base.... Læk Lindewitt Lindewitt is a municipality in the district of Schleswig-Flensburg, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany.... Lindved Lindau, Schleswig-Holstein Lindau is a municipality in the district of Rendsburg-Eckernförde, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany.... Lindå Löwenstedt Löwenstedt is a municipality in the district of Nordfriesland, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany.... Lyngsted (etymologically correct) or Løvensted Lower Saxony Lower Saxony is a German state situated in north-western Germany and is second in area and fourth in population among the sixteen states of Germany... Nedersaksen (rarely) or Niedersachsen Lübeck The Hanseatic City of Lübeck is the second-largest city in Schleswig-Holstein, in northern Germany, and one of the major ports of Germany. It was for several centuries the "capital" of the Hanseatic League and, because of its Brick Gothic architectural heritage, is listed by UNESCO as a World... Lybæk (still occasionally used, mainly historical) Lüneburg Lüneburg is a town in the German state of Lower Saxony. It is located about southeast of fellow Hanseatic city Hamburg. It is part of the Hamburg Metropolitan Region, and one of Hamburg's inner suburbs... Lyneborg (historical) Maasbüll Maasbüll is a municipality in the district of Schleswig-Flensburg, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany.... Masbøl Mecklenburg Mecklenburg is a historical region in northern Germany comprising the western and larger part of the federal-state Mecklenburg-Vorpommern... Meklenborg (rarely) Missunde Missunde is a village on the Schlei coast of Schwansen in Southern Schleswig in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany, about 7 miles from Schleswig. It is part of the municipality Kosel. It has a ferry over the Schlei to Angeln. Knud Lavard built a fort there in 1120... Mysunde Mohrkirch Mohrkirch is a municipality in the district of Schleswig-Flensburg, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany.... Mårkær Niebüll Niebüll is a town in the district of Nordfriesland, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It is situated near the North Sea coast and the border with Denmark, approx. 35 km northwest of Husum.-International relations:... Nibøl Noer Noer is a municipality in the district of Rendsburg-Eckernförde, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany.... Nør [famed for the "Prince of Noer" = "Prinsen af Nør"], also seen with 19th century spelling: Nøer Norderbrarup Norderbrarup is a municipality in the district of Schleswig-Flensburg, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany.... Nørre Brarup Nübbel Nübbel is a municipality in the district of Rendsburg-Eckernförde, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany.-Notable personalities:* Hinrich Romeike German eventing rider... Nybøl (ved Slesvig by) Oeversee Oeversee is a municipality in the district of Schleswig-Flensburg, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It is situated approx. 10 km south of Flensburg. The Oeversee municipality was merged with Sankelmark on March 1, 2008. The new municipality is, however, still called Oeversee.Oeversee is part of the... Oversø Oldenburg Oldenburg is an independent city in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is situated in the western part of the state between the cities of Bremen and Groningen, Netherlands, at the Hunte river. It has a population of 160,279 which makes it the fourth biggest city in Lower Saxony after Hanover, Braunschweig... Oldenborg Ostenfeld Ostenfeld may refer to:*Ostenfeld, Nordfriesland, a municipality in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany*Ostenfeld, Rendsburg-Eckernförde, a municipality in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany*Asger Skovgaard Ostenfeld, a Danish civil engineer... Øster Fjolde Owschlag Owschlag is a municipality in the district of Rendsburg-Eckernförde, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany.... Okslev Pellworm Pellworm is one of the North Frisian Islands on the North Sea coast of Germany. It is part of the Nordfriesland district in the federal state of Schleswig-Holstein. Its area is 37 km², and its population is roughly 1,200.... Pelvorm Rendsburg Rendsburg is a town on the River Eider and the Kiel Canal in the northeastern part of Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It is the capital of the Kreis of Rendsburg-Eckernförde. As of 2006, it had a population of 28,476.-History:... Rendsborg Rieseby Rieseby is a municipality in the district of Rendsburg-Eckernförde, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany.... Risby |
Rügen Rügen is Germany's largest island. Located in the Baltic Sea, it is part of the Vorpommern-Rügen district of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern.- Geography :Rügen is located off the north-eastern coast of Germany in the Baltic Sea... Rygen Schafflund Schafflund is a municipality in the district of Schleswig-Flensburg, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It is situated approx. 16 km west of Flensburg.... Skovlund Scheggerott Scheggerott is a municipality in the district of Schleswig-Flensburg, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany.... Skægerød Schlei The Schlei is a narrow inlet of the Baltic Sea in Schleswig-Holstein in northern Germany. It stretches for approximately 20 miles from the Baltic near Kappeln and Arnis to the city of Schleswig. Along the Schlei are many small bays and swamps... Slien Schleswig Schleswig or South Jutland is a region covering the area about 60 km north and 70 km south of the border between Germany and Denmark; the territory has been divided between the two countries since 1920, with Northern Schleswig in Denmark and Southern Schleswig in Germany... (former duchy) Sønderjylland / Hertugdømmet Slesvig Schleswig-Holstein Schleswig-Holstein is the northernmost of the sixteen states of Germany, comprising most of the historical duchy of Holstein and the southern part of the former Duchy of Schleswig... Slesvig-Holsten, some may use the German form in writing but usually pronounced in Danish Schuby Schuby is a municipality in the district Schleswig-Flensburg, in Schleswig-Holstein in northern Germany. It is only a few kilometres west from Schleswig.... Skovby Schwansen Schwansen is a peninsula in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany, protruding into the Baltic Sea. It is located between the Eckernförde Bay in the south and the Schlei inlet in the north.... Svansø or Svans, occasionally Svansen Schwesing Schwesing is a municipality in the district of Nordfriesland, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany.-History:From September 25, 1944 until December 11, 1944 a concentration camp was established near Glasau. It was a subcamp to the Neuengamme concentration camp.... Svesing Sörup Sörup is a municipality in the district of Schleswig-Flensburg, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It is situated approx. 23 km northeast of Schleswig, and 17 km southeast of Flensburg.... Sørup Steinbergkirche Steinbergkirche is a municipality in the district of Schleswig-Flensburg, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It is situated near the Baltic Sea coast, approx. 30 km northeast of Schleswig, and 22 km east of Flensburg.... Stenbjergkirke Struxdorf Struxdorf is a municipality in the district of Schleswig-Flensburg, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany.... Strukstrup Süderbrarup Süderbrarup is a municipality in the district of Schleswig-Flensburg, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It is situated on the north side of the Schlei, approx. 20 km northeast of Schleswig, and 30 km southeast of Flensburg... Sønder Brarup Süderlügum Süderlügum |Mooring North Frisian]]: Läigem or Sööderläigem; Wiedingharde North Frisian: Leegem) is a municipality in the district of Nordfriesland, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It is situated near the border with Denmark, approximately 35 km west of Flensburg, and 7 km southeast of... Sønder Løgum Schleswig Schleswig or South Jutland is a region covering the area about 60 km north and 70 km south of the border between Germany and Denmark; the territory has been divided between the two countries since 1920, with Northern Schleswig in Denmark and Southern Schleswig in Germany... ) Südtondern Südtondern is an Amt in the district of Nordfriesland, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany.-History:Its seat is in Niebüll... Sydtønder Amt (Kreds) Sylt Sylt is an island in northern Germany, part of Nordfriesland district, Schleswig-Holstein, and well known for the distinctive shape of its shoreline. It belongs to the North Frisian Islands and is the largest island in North Frisia... Sild Taarstedt Taarstedt is a municipality in the district of Schleswig-Flensburg, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany.... Torsted Tönning Tönning is a town in the district of Nordfriesland in the German state of Schleswig-Holstein. During the Great Northern War, Tönning was besieged twice.-Geography:... Tønning Treene Treene was an Amt in the district of Nordfriesland, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It was situated between Husum and the Eider River. Its seat was in Mildstedt. In January 2008, it was merged with the Ämter Friedrichstadt, Nordstrand and Hattstedt to form the Amt Nordsee-Treene.The Amt Treene... Trene(n) Treia Treia is a town and comune in the province of Macerata in the central Marche . It is N of Pollenza, W of Macerata, and NNE of Tolentino.-History:... Treja Twedt Twedt is a municipality in the district of Schleswig-Flensburg, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany.... Tved Uelsby Uelsby is a municipality in the district of Schleswig-Flensburg, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany.... Ølsby Ulsnis Ulsnis is a municipality in the district of Schleswig-Flensburg, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany.... Ulsnæs Vollerwiek Vollerwiek is a municipality in the district of Nordfriesland, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany.... Follervig Wallsbüll Wallsbüll is a municipality in the district of Schleswig-Flensburg, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. Wallsbüll is located near Flensburg in the glacial of the valley of Wallsbek.-References:... Valsbøl Westerholz Westerholz is a municipality in the district of Schleswig-Flensburg, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany.... Vesterskov Wyk auf Föhr Wyk auf Föhr is the only town on Föhr, the second largest of the North Frisian Islands on the German coast of the North Sea. Like the entire island it belongs to the district of Nordfriesland... Vyk på Før |
Great Britain
- Orkney Ørkenøerne (archaic)
- Shetland Zetland or Hjaltland (both archaic)
- YorkYorkYork is a walled city, situated at the confluence of the Rivers Ouse and Foss in North Yorkshire, England. The city has a rich heritage and has provided the backdrop to major political events throughout much of its two millennia of existence...
Jorvik (ancient)
Greece
- AthinaAthensAthens , is the capital and largest city of Greece. Athens dominates the Attica region and is one of the world's oldest cities, as its recorded history spans around 3,400 years. Classical Athens was a powerful city-state...
Athen - KerkyraCorfuCorfu is a Greek island in the Ionian Sea. It is the second largest of the Ionian Islands, and, including its small satellite islands, forms the edge of the northwestern frontier of Greece. The island is part of the Corfu regional unit, and is administered as a single municipality. The...
Korfu - KorinthosCorinthCorinth is a city and former municipality in Corinthia, Peloponnese, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Corinth, of which it is the seat and a municipal unit...
Korinth - KreteCreteCrete is the largest and most populous of the Greek islands, the fifth largest island in the Mediterranean Sea, and one of the thirteen administrative regions of Greece. It forms a significant part of the economy and cultural heritage of Greece while retaining its own local cultural traits...
Kreta - Piraefs Piræus
- RodosRhodesRhodes is an island in Greece, located in the eastern Aegean Sea. It is the largest of the Dodecanese islands in terms of both land area and population, with a population of 117,007, and also the island group's historical capital. Administratively the island forms a separate municipality within...
Rhodos
Greenland
- IlulissatIlulissatIlulissat is a town in the Qaasuitsup municipality in western Greenland, located approximately north of the Arctic Circle. With the population of 4,546 as of 2010, it is the third-largest settlement in Greenland, after Nuuk and Sisimiut....
Jakobshavn - IttoqqortoormiitIttoqqortoormiitIttoqqortoormiit is a settlement in the Sermersooq municipality in eastern Greenland. Its population is 469 as of 2010.The Danish name Scoresbysund derives from the name of the Arctic explorer and whaler William Scoresby, who was the first to map the area in 1822. The Greenlandic name...
Scoresbysund - KangerlussuaqKangerlussuaqKangerlussuaq is a settlement in western Greenland in the Qeqqata municipality, located at the head of a fjord of the same name. It is Greenland's main air transport hub, being the site of Greenland's largest commercial airport....
Søndre Strømfjord - NuukNuukNuuk, is the capital of Greenland, the northernmost capital in North America and the largest city in Greenland. Located in the Nuup Kangerlua fjord, the city lies on the eastern shore of the Labrador Sea and on the west coast of Sermersooq. Nuuk is the largest cultural and economic center in...
Godthåb - QaqortoqQaqortoqQaqortoq is a town in the Kujalleq municipality in southern Greenland. With a population of 3,230 as of 2011, it is the most populous town in southern Greenland, and the fourth-largest town in the country. The name is western Greenlandic and means "[the] white [one]".- History :The area around...
Julianehåb - QeqertarsuatsiaatQeqertarsuatsiaatQeqertarsuatsiaat is a settlement in the Sermersooq municipality, in southwestern Greenland, located on an island off the shores of Labrador Sea. Its population is 235 as of 2010. The Greenlandic name of the town means 'the quite large island'.- History :...
Fiskenæsset - SisimiutSisimiutSisimiut is a town in central-western Greenland, located on the coast of Davis Strait, approximately north of Nuuk. It is the administrative center of the Qeqqata Municipality and the second-largest town in Greenland, with a population of 5,460 people as of 2010. The site of the present-day town...
Holsteinsborg - UummannarsuaqCape Farewell, GreenlandCape Farewell , is a headland on the southern shore of Egger Island, Greenland. Located at it is the southernmost extent of Greenland, projecting out into the North Atlantic Ocean and the Labrador Sea on the same latitude as Stockholm and the Scottish Shetland Islands. Egger and the associated...
Kap Farvel
Iceland
- Vestmannaeyjar Vestmannaøerne, Vestmanøerne (archaic)
- ÍsafjörðurÍsafjörðurÍsafjörður is a town in the north west of Iceland, seat of Ísafjarðarbær municipality.The town draws its name from the fjord and the fjord was given its name simultaneously to the island...
Isafjord (archaic)
India
- SeramporeSeramporeSerampore is a city and a municipality in Hooghly district in the Indian state of West Bengal. It is a part of the area covered by Kolkata Metropolitan Development Authority. It is a pre-colonial town on the right bank of the Hoogli River...
Frederiksnagore [former Danish colony] - Tharangambadi Tranquebar / Trankebar [former Danish colony]
Italy
- RomaRomeRome is the capital of Italy and the country's largest and most populated city and comune, with over 2.7 million residents in . The city is located in the central-western portion of the Italian Peninsula, on the Tiber River within the Lazio region of Italy.Rome's history spans two and a half...
Rom - SardegnaSardiniaSardinia is the second-largest island in the Mediterranean Sea . It is an autonomous region of Italy, and the nearest land masses are the French island of Corsica, the Italian Peninsula, Sicily, Tunisia and the Spanish Balearic Islands.The name Sardinia is from the pre-Roman noun *sard[],...
Sardinien - SiciliaSicilySicily is a region of Italy, and is the largest island in the Mediterranean Sea. Along with the surrounding minor islands, it constitutes an autonomous region of Italy, the Regione Autonoma Siciliana Sicily has a rich and unique culture, especially with regard to the arts, music, literature,...
Sicilien - SiracusaSyracuse, ItalySyracuse is a historic city in Sicily, the capital of the province of Syracuse. The city is notable for its rich Greek history, culture, amphitheatres, architecture, and as the birthplace of the preeminent mathematician and engineer Archimedes. This 2,700-year-old city played a key role in...
Syrakus - VeneziaVeniceVenice is a city in northern Italy which is renowned for the beauty of its setting, its architecture and its artworks. It is the capital of the Veneto region...
Venedig - FirenzeFirenzeFirenze is the Italian name for the city of Florence.Firenze may also refer to:* Andrea da Firenze, an Italian composer* Lorenzo da Firenze, an Italian composer and music teacher of the trecento...
Florens (mostly archaic) - GenovaGenoaGenoa |Ligurian]] Zena ; Latin and, archaically, English Genua) is a city and an important seaport in northern Italy, the capital of the Province of Genoa and of the region of Liguria....
Genua (archaic) - MilanMilanMilan is the second-largest city in Italy and the capital city of the region of Lombardy and of the province of Milan. The city proper has a population of about 1.3 million, while its urban area, roughly coinciding with its administrative province and the bordering Province of Monza and Brianza ,...
o Mailand (archaic) - Napoli Neapel (mostly archaic, living in the expression "Se Neapel og dø", 'see Naples and die')
- SüdtirolSouth TyrolSouth Tyrol , also known by its Italian name Alto Adige, is an autonomous province in northern Italy. It is one of the two autonomous provinces that make up the autonomous region of Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol. The province has an area of and a total population of more than 500,000 inhabitants...
Sydtirol or Sydtyrol - TorinoTurinTurin is a city and major business and cultural centre in northern Italy, capital of the Piedmont region, located mainly on the left bank of the Po River and surrounded by the Alpine arch. The population of the city proper is 909,193 while the population of the urban area is estimated by Eurostat...
Turin (archaic)
Luxembourg
- LuxembourgLuxembourgLuxembourg , officially the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg , is a landlocked country in western Europe, bordered by Belgium, France, and Germany. It has two principal regions: the Oesling in the North as part of the Ardennes massif, and the Gutland in the south...
(city) Luxembourg or (mostly archaic) Luxemburg, always pronounced as in Danish: Luxemborg, although this form is very rare in writing
The Netherlands
- Den HaagThe HagueThe Hague is the capital city of the province of South Holland in the Netherlands. With a population of 500,000 inhabitants , it is the third largest city of the Netherlands, after Amsterdam and Rotterdam...
Haag
Norway
From the 16th until the late 19th century, Danish was officially used in lack of a Norwegian written language, but then spelling reforms gradually replaced it with Dano-Norwegian and the two present-day forms of Norwegian, BokmålBokmål
Bokmål is one of two official Norwegian written standard languages, the other being Nynorsk. Bokmål is used by 85–90% of the population in Norway, and is the standard most commonly taught to foreign students of the Norwegian language....
and Nynorsk
Nynorsk
Nynorsk or New Norwegian is one of two official written standards for the Norwegian language, the other being Bokmål. The standard language was created by Ivar Aasen during the mid-19th century, to provide a Norwegian alternative to the Danish language which was commonly written in Norway at the...
. Until then, a very great number of Norwegian placenames were written in Danish. Almost all of them are now obsolete and not even used in Danish historical contexts. They may, however, still be used in the names of Norwegian newspapers, companies, institutions and associations. In present Norway, they will often be perceived more like "ancient" names than Danish ones.
- TrondheimTrondheimTrondheim , historically, Nidaros and Trondhjem, is a city and municipality in Sør-Trøndelag county, Norway. With a population of 173,486, it is the third most populous municipality and city in the country, although the fourth largest metropolitan area. It is the administrative centre of...
Trondhjem (occasionally seen in Danish, and very often used in spoken language even in Norway) - FinnmarkFinnmarkor Finnmárku is a county in the extreme northeast of Norway. By land it borders Troms county to the west, Finland to the south and Russia to the east, and by water, the Norwegian Sea to the northwest, and the Barents Sea to the north and northeast.The county was formerly known as Finmarkens...
Finmarken or Finmark - SvalbardSvalbardSvalbard is an archipelago in the Arctic, constituting the northernmost part of Norway. It is located north of mainland Europe, midway between mainland Norway and the North Pole. The group of islands range from 74° to 81° north latitude , and from 10° to 35° east longitude. Spitsbergen is the...
Svalbard (usually not pronounced /'sva:lbar/ as in Norwegian, but /'svælbard/) or Spitsbergen - Bjørnøya Bjørneøen
Poland
- GdanskGdanskGdańsk is a Polish city on the Baltic coast, at the centre of the country's fourth-largest metropolitan area.The city lies on the southern edge of Gdańsk Bay , in a conurbation with the city of Gdynia, spa town of Sopot, and suburban communities, which together form a metropolitan area called the...
Danzig (mainly historical) - Łódź often spelled Lodz and pronounced as in Danish, /lɔds/
- Pomorze Pommern
- SzczecinSzczecinSzczecin , is the capital city of the West Pomeranian Voivodeship in Poland. It is the country's seventh-largest city and the largest seaport in Poland on the Baltic Sea. As of June 2009 the population was 406,427....
Stettin - ŚwinoujścieSwinoujscieŚwinoujście is a city and seaport on the Baltic Sea and Szczecin Lagoon, located in the extreme north-west of Poland. It is situated mainly on the islands of Uznam and Wolin, but also occupies smaller islands, of which the largest is Karsibór island, once part of Usedom, now separated by a Piast...
Świnoujście, Swinoujscie or (occasionally) Swinemünde - Wrócław Wrócław, Wroclaw or Breslau
Romania
- BucureştiBucharestBucharest is the capital municipality, cultural, industrial, and financial centre of Romania. It is the largest city in Romania, located in the southeast of the country, at , and lies on the banks of the Dâmbovița River....
Bukarest - TransilvaniaTransylvaniaTransylvania is a historical region in the central part of Romania. Bounded on the east and south by the Carpathian mountain range, historical Transylvania extended in the west to the Apuseni Mountains; however, the term sometimes encompasses not only Transylvania proper, but also the historical...
Transsilvanien or Transsylvanien
Russia
- IngermanlandiyaIngriaIngria is a historical region in the eastern Baltic, now part of Russia, comprising the southern bank of the river Neva, between the Gulf of Finland, the Narva River, Lake Peipus in the west, and Lake Ladoga and the western bank of the Volkhov river in the east...
Ingermanland - KareliyaKareliaKarelia , the land of the Karelian peoples, is an area in Northern Europe of historical significance for Finland, Russia, and Sweden...
Karelen - KaliningradKaliningradKaliningrad is a seaport and the administrative center of Kaliningrad Oblast, the Russian exclave between Poland and Lithuania on the Baltic Sea...
Kaliningrad or (occasionally) Königsberg - Polyostrov RybachiyRybachiy PeninsulaRybachy Peninsula is the northernmost part of continental European Russia. Its name is translated as Fisher Peninsula. It is connected with the Sredny Peninsula, Middle Peninsula by a thin isthmus. So the peninsula is in fact nearly completely surrounded by water...
Fiskerhalvøen - Sankt-PeterburgSaint PetersburgSaint Petersburg is a city and a federal subject of Russia located on the Neva River at the head of the Gulf of Finland on the Baltic Sea...
Sankt Petersborg
Sweden
- BarsebäckBarsebäckBarsebäck is a locality situated in Kävlinge Municipality, Skåne County, Sweden with 509 inhabitants in 2005.It lies about 4 km east of the harbour village Barsebäckshamn. It is known for the Barsebäck nuclear power plant, and for the internationally known golf course Barsebäck Golf & Country Club...
Barsebæk - BåstadBåstadBåstad is a locality and the seat of Båstad Municipality, Skåne County, Sweden with 4,793 inhabitants in 2005.-Geography:The town of Båstad is located in a sheltered bay with the Hallandian ridge stretching behind it...
Bådsted (Baadsted) - BlekingeBlekinge' is one of the traditional provinces of Sweden , situated in the south of the country. It borders Småland, Scania and the Baltic Sea.The name "Blekinge" comes from the adjective bleke, which corresponds to the nautical term for "dead calm"....
Blekinge / Blegind - BrömsebäckBrömsebäckBrömsebäck is a small stream in southern Sweden on the border between the provinces Småland and Blekinge. Prior to 1658, the river formed the border between Sweden and Denmark. The Treaty of Brömsebro was entered on an islet in the river.-References:...
Brømsebæk - FalkenbergFalkenbergFalkenberg is a locality and the seat of Falkenberg Municipality, Halland County, Sweden, with 18,972 inhabitants in 2005.The town has a population of 19,000 and is located at the mouth of the river Ätran. The name consists of the Swedish words for falcon and mountain...
Falkenbjerg - GotlandGotlandGotland is a county, province, municipality and diocese of Sweden; it is Sweden's largest island and the largest island in the Baltic Sea. At 3,140 square kilometers in area, the region makes up less than one percent of Sweden's total land area...
Gulland - GöingeGöingeGöinge may refer to:*Östra Göinge Municipality, a municipality in Skåne County*Göinge Eastern Hundred, a hundred in Scania*Göinge Western Hundred, a hundred in Scania*Göinge Mekaniska, one of the leading Swedish steel building companies...
Gønge [Herred] - Göteborg Gøteborg
- HalmstadHalmstadHalmstad is a port, university, industrial and recreational city at the mouth of Nissan in the province of Halland on the Swedish west coast. Halmstad is the seat of Halmstad Municipality and the capital of Halland County...
Halmsted - HässleholmHässleholmHässleholm is a locality and the seat of Hässleholm Municipality, Skåne County, Sweden with 17,730 inhabitants in 2005.-Overview:Hässleholm was gradually developed from 1860 in connection with the construction of the main Stockholm to Malmö railway line. There was no settlement on the spot before...
(until 1906 Hessleholm) Hesselholm - KnäredKnäredKnäred is a locality situated in Laholm Municipality, Halland County, Sweden with 1,129 inhabitants in 2005. The Treaty of Knäred was signed there in 1613, when the province of Halland was still part of Denmark.- References :...
Knærød - KristianstadKristianstadKristianstad is a city and the seat of Kristianstad Municipality, Skåne County, Sweden with 35,711 inhabitants in 2010.-History:The city was founded in 1614 by King Christian IV of Denmark, the city's name literally means 'Town of Christian', as a planned city after the burning of the town of Vä...
Christiansstad, Danish form often preferred in the town itself, was official until the Swedish spelling reform of 1906 - KristianopelKristianopelKristianopel is a village in Karlskrona Municipality in the southeastern Swedish province of Blekinge.-History of the town:Kristianopel is located in the easternmost part of Blekinge, which was the easternmost part of Denmark in beginning of the 17th century...
Christianopel - KungsbackaKungsbackaKungsbacka is a locality and the seat of Kungsbacka Municipality in Halland County, Sweden, with 17,784 inhabitants in 2005.It is one of the most affluent parts of Sweden, in part due to its simultaneous proximity to stunning countryside and the large city of Gothenburg..-History:The first records...
Kongsbakke - LandskronaLandskronaLandskrona is a locality and the seat of Landskrona Municipality, Skåne County, Sweden with 28,670 inhabitants in 2005.-History:The city of Landskrona was founded at the location of Scania's best natural harbour, as a means of King Eric of Pomerania's anti-Hanseatic policy, intended to compete...
Landskrone - LimhamnLimhamnLimhamn is, in an administrative sense, the southern district of Malmö Municipality in Sweden. Before 1915, Limhamn was a town of its own....
Limhavn - MalmöMalmöMalmö , in the southernmost province of Scania, is the third most populous city in Sweden, after Stockholm and Gothenburg.Malmö is the seat of Malmö Municipality and the capital of Skåne County...
Malmø - ÖstergötlandÖstergötlandÖstergötland, English exonym: East Gothland, is one of the traditional provinces of Sweden in the south of Sweden. It borders Småland, Västergötland, Närke, Södermanland, and the Baltic Sea. In older English literature, one might also encounter the Latinized version, Ostrogothia...
Øster Gylland (only historical/archaic) - SimrishamnSimrishamnSimrishamn is a locality and the seat of Simrishamn Municipality, Skåne County, Sweden with 6,546 inhabitants in 2005. Simrishamn is, despite its small population, for historical reasons normally still referred to as a city....
Simmershavn - StockholmStockholmStockholm is the capital and the largest city of Sweden and constitutes the most populated urban area in Scandinavia. Stockholm is the most populous city in Sweden, with a population of 851,155 in the municipality , 1.37 million in the urban area , and around 2.1 million in the metropolitan area...
Stokholm, archaic, never gained widespread use - VarbergVarbergVarberg is a locality and the seat of Varberg Municipality, Halland County, Sweden with 26,041 inhabitants in 2005.Varberg and all of Halland are well known for their 'typical west coast' sandy beaches. In Varberg the coast changes from wide sandy beaches to rocky terrain that continues north into...
Varbjerg - VäVäVä is a former town in Scania, now a village in the municipality of Kristianstad, ca 5 km south west of the town of Kristianstad. The name stems from the old danish word wæ, meaning cult place or holy ground....
Væ - VästergötlandVästergötland', English exonym: West Gothland, is one of the 25 traditional non-administrative provinces of Sweden , situated in the southwest of Sweden. In older English literature one may also encounter the Latinized version Westrogothia....
Vester Gylland (only historical/archaic) - Ven Hven, Danish form also preferred by islanders, outlived the Swedish spelling reform of 1906 and was official until 1958
- YstadYstadYstad is a "locality", or town, and the seat of Ystad Municipality, Skåne County, Sweden, with 17,286 inhabitants .Settlement dates back to the 11th century and the town has become a busy ferryport, local administrative centre and tourist attraction...
Ysted - Älvsborg Elfsborg (however, this is also the former Swedish spelling)
- ÄngelholmÄngelholmÄngelholm is a locality and the seat of Ängelholm Municipality in Skåne County, Sweden with 22,532 inhabitants in 2005.It is known for its clay cuckoos — a special kind of ocarina. This is however a dying tradition as there is now only one producer of clay cuckoos, Sofia Nilsson.Tourism is an...
Engelholm
Some of these forms are archaic, based on names used in the 17th century prior to the surrender of the Eastern Danish lands Skåne, Halland
Halland
' is one of the traditional provinces of Sweden , on the western coast of Sweden. It borders Västergötland, Småland, Scania and the sea of Kattegat.-Administration:...
and Blekinge
Blekinge
' is one of the traditional provinces of Sweden , situated in the south of the country. It borders Småland, Scania and the Baltic Sea.The name "Blekinge" comes from the adjective bleke, which corresponds to the nautical term for "dead calm"....
to Sweden. Modern usage is primarily confined to history books and Scanian activists. These forms were also used in a number of texts in the first decades of the 20th century. The only example consistently used in modern Danish is Hven, maybe because this form hinders confusion with the Danish word ven ("friend"). Since the opening of the Øresund Bridge, the form Malmø has again gained widespread use above Malmö. Engelholm and Øland (Öland
Öland
' is the second largest Swedish island and the smallest of the traditional provinces of Sweden. Öland has an area of 1,342 km² and is located in the Baltic Sea just off the coast of Småland. The island has 25,000 inhabitants, but during Swedish Midsummer it is visited by up to 500,000 people...
) are occasionally seen. Knærød and Elfsborg are relatively common in historical works, due to their connection to historical events; the 1613 Peace of Knäred
Treaty of Knäred
The Treaty of Knäred was signed on 21 January 1613 and ended the Kalmar War between Denmark and Sweden. It is named after the village of Knäred in Halland, where it was signed. As a result, Sweden had to pay a ransom for the return of the fortress of Älvsborg...
(Freden i Knærød) and the Ransom of Älvsborg (Elfsborgs løsen). The forms Gønge and Gønge Herred are also quite common given their connection to Svend Poulsen Gønge, known from Carit Etlar
Carit Etlar
Carit Etlar, the better-known pen name of Carl Brosbøll , was a Danish author, known mostly for his 1853 book Gjøngehøvdingen about the eponymous Svend Poulsen Gønge.-Biography:...
's historical novel, Gøngehøvdingen.
U.S. Virgin Islands
- Virgin IslandsVirgin IslandsThe Virgin Islands are the western island group of the Leeward Islands, which are the northern part of the Lesser Antilles, which form the border between the Caribbean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean...
Jomfruøerne - United States Virgin IslandsUnited States Virgin IslandsThe Virgin Islands of the United States are a group of islands in the Caribbean that are an insular area of the United States. The islands are geographically part of the Virgin Islands archipelago and are located in the Leeward Islands of the Lesser Antilles.The U.S...
Historically: De Vestindiske Øer, Vestindien, Dansk Vestindien or De dansk-vestindiske Øer - Saint ThomasSaint Thomas, U.S. Virgin IslandsSaint Thomas is an island in the Caribbean Sea and with the islands of Saint John, Saint Croix, and Water Island a county and constituent district of the United States Virgin Islands , an unincorporated territory of the United States. Located on the island is the territorial capital and port of...
Sankt Thomas - Saint JohnSaint John, U.S. Virgin IslandsSaint John is an island in the Caribbean Sea and a constituent district of the United States Virgin Islands , an unincorporated territory of the United States. St...
Sankt Jan - Saint CroixSaint Croix, U.S. Virgin IslandsSaint Croix is an island in the Caribbean Sea, and a county and constituent district of the United States Virgin Islands , an unincorporated territory of the United States. Formerly the Danish West Indies, they were sold to the United States by Denmark in the Treaty of the Danish West Indies of...
Sankt Croix, pronounced /saŋd krɔjˀs/
The U.S. Virgin Islands were formerly a colony of Denmark, often referred to simply as Sankt Thomas, Sankt Jan og Sankt Croix.