Location of Cardinal Electors

Country	Number of Electors
Italy Italy Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...	26 (Aug), 25 (Oct)
United States of America United States The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...	8 (Aug), 9 (Oct)
France France The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...	7
Brazil Brazil Brazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population with over 192 million people...	6
Germany Germany Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...	5
Spain Spain Spain , officially the Kingdom of Spain languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Spain's official name is as follows:;;;;;;), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula...	4
Argentina Argentina Argentina , officially the Argentine Republic , is the second largest country in South America by land area, after Brazil. It is constituted as a federation of 23 provinces and an autonomous city, Buenos Aires... , Canada Canada Canada is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and northward into the Arctic Ocean...	3
Algeria Algeria Algeria , officially the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria , also formally referred to as the Democratic and Popular Republic of Algeria, is a country in the Maghreb region of Northwest Africa with Algiers as its capital.In terms of land area, it is the largest country in Africa and the Arab... , Australia Australia Australia , officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area... , Austria Austria Austria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country of roughly 8.4 million people in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the... , Belgium Belgium Belgium , officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a federal state in Western Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts the EU's headquarters, and those of several other major international organisations such as NATO.Belgium is also a member of, or affiliated to, many... , India India India , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world... , Netherlands Netherlands The Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders... , Philippines Philippines The Philippines , officially known as the Republic of the Philippines , is a country in Southeast Asia in the western Pacific Ocean. To its north across the Luzon Strait lies Taiwan. West across the South China Sea sits Vietnam... , Poland People's Republic of Poland The People's Republic of Poland was the official name of Poland from 1952 to 1990. Although the Soviet Union took control of the country immediately after the liberation from Nazi Germany in 1944, the name of the state was not changed until eight years later... , Portugal Portugal Portugal , officially the Portuguese Republic is a country situated in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Portugal is the westernmost country of Europe, and is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the West and South and by Spain to the North and East. The Atlantic archipelagos of the...	2
Benin Benin Benin , officially the Republic of Benin, is a country in West Africa. It borders Togo to the west, Nigeria to the east and Burkina Faso and Niger to the north. Its small southern coastline on the Bight of Benin is where a majority of the population is located... , Bolivia Bolivia Bolivia officially known as Plurinational State of Bolivia , is a landlocked country in central South America. It is the poorest country in South America... , Chile Chile Chile ,officially the Republic of Chile , is a country in South America occupying a long, narrow coastal strip between the Andes mountains to the east and the Pacific Ocean to the west. It borders Peru to the north, Bolivia to the northeast, Argentina to the east, and the Drake Passage in the far... , Colombia Colombia Colombia, officially the Republic of Colombia , is a unitary constitutional republic comprising thirty-two departments. The country is located in northwestern South America, bordered to the east by Venezuela and Brazil; to the south by Ecuador and Peru; to the north by the Caribbean Sea; to the... , Czechoslovakia Czechoslovakia Czechoslovakia or Czecho-Slovakia was a sovereign state in Central Europe which existed from October 1918, when it declared its independence from the Austro-Hungarian Empire, until 1992... , Dominican Republic Dominican Republic The Dominican Republic is a nation on the island of La Hispaniola, part of the Greater Antilles archipelago in the Caribbean region. The western third of the island is occupied by the nation of Haiti, making Hispaniola one of two Caribbean islands that are shared by two countries... , Ecuador Ecuador Ecuador , officially the Republic of Ecuador is a representative democratic republic in South America, bordered by Colombia on the north, Peru on the east and south, and by the Pacific Ocean to the west. It is one of only two countries in South America, along with Chile, that do not have a border... , Egypt Egypt Egypt , officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, Arabic: , is a country mainly in North Africa, with the Sinai Peninsula forming a land bridge in Southwest Asia. Egypt is thus a transcontinental country, and a major power in Africa, the Mediterranean Basin, the Middle East and the Muslim world... , England England England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental... , Guatemala Guatemala Guatemala is a country in Central America bordered by Mexico to the north and west, the Pacific Ocean to the southwest, Belize to the northeast, the Caribbean to the east, and Honduras and El Salvador to the southeast... , Hungary People's Republic of Hungary The People's Republic of Hungary or Hungarian People's Republic was the official state name of Hungary from 1949 to 1989 during its Communist period under the guidance of the Soviet Union. The state remained in existence until 1989 when opposition forces consolidated in forcing the regime to... , Indonesia Indonesia Indonesia , officially the Republic of Indonesia , is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania. Indonesia is an archipelago comprising approximately 13,000 islands. It has 33 provinces with over 238 million people, and is the world's fourth most populous country. Indonesia is a republic, with an... , Kenya Kenya Kenya , officially known as the Republic of Kenya, is a country in East Africa that lies on the equator, with the Indian Ocean to its south-east... , Madagascar Madagascar The Republic of Madagascar is an island country located in the Indian Ocean off the southeastern coast of Africa... , Mexico Mexico The United Mexican States , commonly known as Mexico , is a federal constitutional republic in North America. It is bordered on the north by the United States; on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of... , New Zealand New Zealand New Zealand is an island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses and numerous smaller islands. The country is situated some east of Australia across the Tasman Sea, and roughly south of the Pacific island nations of New Caledonia, Fiji, and Tonga... , Nigeria Nigeria Nigeria , officially the Federal Republic of Nigeria, is a federal constitutional republic comprising 36 states and its Federal Capital Territory, Abuja. The country is located in West Africa and shares land borders with the Republic of Benin in the west, Chad and Cameroon in the east, and Niger in... , Pakistan Pakistan Pakistan , officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan is a sovereign state in South Asia. It has a coastline along the Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Oman in the south and is bordered by Afghanistan and Iran in the west, India in the east and China in the far northeast. In the north, Tajikistan... , Peru Peru Peru , officially the Republic of Peru , is a country in western South America. It is bordered on the north by Ecuador and Colombia, on the east by Brazil, on the southeast by Bolivia, on the south by Chile, and on the west by the Pacific Ocean.... , Puerto Rico Puerto Rico Puerto Rico , officially the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico , is an unincorporated territory of the United States, located in the northeastern Caribbean, east of the Dominican Republic and west of both the United States Virgin Islands and the British Virgin Islands.Puerto Rico comprises an... , Scotland Scotland Scotland is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. Occupying the northern third of the island of Great Britain, it shares a border with England to the south and is bounded by the North Sea to the east, the Atlantic Ocean to the north and west, and the North Channel and Irish Sea to the... , Senegal Senegal Senegal , officially the Republic of Senegal , is a country in western Africa. It owes its name to the Sénégal River that borders it to the east and north... , South Africa South Africa The Republic of South Africa is a country in southern Africa. Located at the southern tip of Africa, it is divided into nine provinces, with of coastline on the Atlantic and Indian oceans... , South Korea South Korea The Republic of Korea , , is a sovereign state in East Asia, located on the southern portion of the Korean Peninsula. It is neighbored by the People's Republic of China to the west, Japan to the east, North Korea to the north, and the East China Sea and Republic of China to the south... , Sri Lanka Sri Lanka Sri Lanka, officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka is a country off the southern coast of the Indian subcontinent. Known until 1972 as Ceylon , Sri Lanka is an island surrounded by the Indian Ocean, the Gulf of Mannar and the Palk Strait, and lies in the vicinity of India and the... , Tanzania Tanzania The United Republic of Tanzania is a country in East Africa bordered by Kenya and Uganda to the north, Rwanda, Burundi, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the west, and Zambia, Malawi, and Mozambique to the south. The country's eastern borders lie on the Indian Ocean.Tanzania is a state... , Uganda Uganda Uganda , officially the Republic of Uganda, is a landlocked country in East Africa. Uganda is also known as the "Pearl of Africa". It is bordered on the east by Kenya, on the north by South Sudan, on the west by the Democratic Republic of the Congo, on the southwest by Rwanda, and on the south by... , Upper Volta Republic of Upper Volta The Republic of Upper Volta was established on December 11, 1958, as a self-governing colony within the French Community. Before attaining autonomy it had been French Upper Volta and part of the French Union. On August 5, 1960 it attained full independence from France.Thomas Sankara came to power... , Venezuela Venezuela Venezuela , officially called the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela , is a tropical country on the northern coast of South America. It borders Colombia to the west, Guyana to the east, and Brazil to the south... , Western Samoa Samoa Samoa , officially the Independent State of Samoa, formerly known as Western Samoa is a country encompassing the western part of the Samoan Islands in the South Pacific Ocean. It became independent from New Zealand in 1962. The two main islands of Samoa are Upolu and one of the biggest islands in... , Yugoslavia Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia was the Yugoslav state that existed from the abolition of the Yugoslav monarchy until it was dissolved in 1992 amid the Yugoslav Wars. It was a socialist state and a federation made up of six socialist republics: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia,... , Zaire Zaire The Republic of Zaire was the name of the present Democratic Republic of the Congo between 27 October 1971 and 17 May 1997. The name of Zaire derives from the , itself an adaptation of the Kongo word nzere or nzadi, or "the river that swallows all rivers".-Self-proclaimed Father of the Nation:In...	1

The following were the cardinal electors in the papal conclave

Papal conclave

A papal conclave is a meeting of the College of Cardinals convened to elect a Bishop of Rome, who then becomes the Pope during a period of vacancy in the papal office. The Pope is considered by Roman Catholics to be the apostolic successor of Saint Peter and earthly head of the Roman Catholic Church...

s of August and October 1978. Arranged by region (not by the linguistic groups commonly used in universal church senacles), and within each alphabetically (not the official order of precedence, which is not relevant to conclave procedure).

Because there was such a brief period between the two conclaves, the lists of electors are nearly identical and thus they are presented in the same article. However, the following notes have to be made. There were 114 electors at the time of the August conclave, but only 111 of them actually participated; due to ill health, Valerian Gracias

Valerian Gracias

Valerian Gracias was an Indian Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as Archbishop of Bombay from 1950 until his death, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 1953 by Pope Pius XII.-Biography:Valerian Gracias was born in Karachi to José and Carlota Gracias...

, John Joseph Wright, and Bolesław Filipiak did not attend. Wright, however, did participate in the October conclave. Gracias and Filipiak, who had been too sick in August like Wright, again did not participate in October; Gracias died during Pope John Paul I

Pope John Paul I

John Paul I , born Albino Luciani, , reigned as Pope of the Catholic Church and as Sovereign of Vatican City from 26 August 1978 until his death 33 days later. His reign is among the shortest in papal history, resulting in the most recent Year of Three Popes...

’s pontificate and Filipiak died on the opening day of the October conclave. As Albino Luciani

Pope John Paul I

John Paul I , born Albino Luciani, , reigned as Pope of the Catholic Church and as Sovereign of Vatican City from 26 August 1978 until his death 33 days later. His reign is among the shortest in papal history, resulting in the most recent Year of Three Popes...

 had been elected pope at the August conclave and subsequently died, the October conclave was also attended by 111 electors.

There were fifteen cardinals who had lost the right to participate in both conclaves for having reached age eighty.

As of January 1, 2011, Luis Aponte Martínez

Luis Aponte Martínez

Luis Aponte Martínez is the only Puerto Rican ever to be consecrated a cardinal of the Catholic Church, and for 34 years was the Archbishop of San Juan. Cardinal Aponte was a cardinal elector in the two conclaves of 1978....

, Eugênio de Araújo Sales

Eugênio de Araújo Sales

Eugênio de Araújo Sales is, as of 2011, the longest-serving cardinal in the Roman Catholic Church, having been elevated by Pope Paul VI on April 28, 1969. He served as archbishop of São Sebastião do Rio de Janeiro for thirty years until his resignation was accepted in 2001, when he had already...

, Paulo Evaristo Arns

Paulo Evaristo Arns

Paulo Evaristo Arns O.F.M. is the Cardinal Archbishop Emeritus of São Paulo.-Early life and education:...

, William Baum and Joseph Ratzinger

Pope Benedict XVI

Benedict XVI is the 265th and current Pope, by virtue of his office of Bishop of Rome, the Sovereign of the Vatican City State and the leader of the Catholic Church as well as the other 22 sui iuris Eastern Catholic Churches in full communion with the Holy See...

 are the only five living Cardinal electors from this period.

Roman Curia

Roman Curia

The Roman Curia is the administrative apparatus of the Holy See and the central governing body of the entire Catholic Church, together with the Pope...

1. Corrado Bafile, Prefect of Causes for Saints
   Congregation for the Causes of Saints
   The Congregation for the Causes of Saints is the congregation of the Roman Curia which oversees the complex process that leads to the canonization of saints, passing through the steps of a declaration of "heroic virtues" and beatification...
   
   
2. Sebastiano Baggio, Prefect of Bishops
   Congregation for Bishops
   The Congregation for Bishops is the congregation of the Roman Curia which oversees the selection of new bishops that are not in mission territories or those areas that come under the jurisdiction of the Congregation for the Oriental Churches who deal with the Eastern Catholics, pending papal...
   
   
3. Paolo Bertoli
   Paolo Bertoli
   Paolo Bertoli S.T.D. JUD was a Roman Catholic Cardinal and Prefect of the Congregation for the Causes of Saints....
   
   , Prefect Emeritus
   Emeritus
   Emeritus is a post-positive adjective that is used to designate a retired professor, bishop, or other professional or as a title. The female equivalent emerita is also sometimes used.-History:...
   
    of Causes of Saints
   Congregation for the Causes of Saints
   The Congregation for the Causes of Saints is the congregation of the Roman Curia which oversees the complex process that leads to the canonization of saints, passing through the steps of a declaration of "heroic virtues" and beatification...
   
   
4. Mario Luigi Ciappi
   Mario Luigi Ciappi
   Mario Luigi Ciappi, OP was an Italian Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church who served as personal theologian to five popes from 1955 to 1989, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 1977.-Biography:...
   
   , OP
   Dominican Order
   The Order of Preachers , after the 15th century more commonly known as the Dominican Order or Dominicans, is a Catholic religious order founded by Saint Dominic and approved by Pope Honorius III on 22 December 1216 in France...
   
   , Pro-theologian of the Papal Household
5. Francesco Carpino
   Francesco Carpino
   Francesco Carpino S.T.D. was a Roman Catholic Cardinal and Archbishop of Palermo.He was born in Palazzolo Acreide, Sicily, Italy as the third of five children of Salvatore Carpino, who was the owner of a small rural estate. He was educated at the Seminary of Noto from 1914 to 1919...
   
   , Referendary for Bishops
   Congregation for Bishops
   The Congregation for Bishops is the congregation of the Roman Curia which oversees the selection of new bishops that are not in mission territories or those areas that come under the jurisdiction of the Congregation for the Oriental Churches who deal with the Eastern Catholics, pending papal...
   
   
6. Pericle Felici, Prefect of Apostolic Signatura
   Apostolic Signatura
   The Supreme Tribunal of the Apostolic Signatura is the highest judicial authority in the Catholic Church...
   
   
7. Bernardin Gantin, President of Justice and Peace
   Pontifical Council for Justice and Peace
   The Pontifical Council for Justice and Peace is a part of the Roman Curia dedicated to "action-oriented studies" for the international promotion of justice, peace, and human rights from the perspective of the Roman Catholic Church...
   
   
8. Gabriel-Marie Garrone
   Gabriel-Marie Garrone
   Gabriel-Marie Garrone was a Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church and a Prefect of the Congregation for Catholic Education....
   
   , Prefect of Catholic Education
   Congregation for Catholic Education
   The Congregation for Catholic Education is the Pontifical congregation of the Roman Curia responsible for: seminaries and houses of formation of...
   
   
9. Sergio Guerri
   Sergio Guerri
   Sergio Guerri was an Italian Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church who served as personal theologian to five popes from 1955 to 1989, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 1969.-Biography:...
   
   , Pro-president of Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State
   Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State
   The Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State is the legislative body of Vatican City...
   
   
10. James Knox
    James Knox
    James Robert Knox was a Roman Catholic cardinal and former Prefect of the Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments....
    
    , Prefect of Sacraments and Divine Worship
    Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments
    The Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments is the congregation of the Roman Curia that handles most affairs relating to liturgical practices of the Latin Catholic Church as distinct from the Eastern Catholic Churches and also some technical matters relating to the...
    
    
11. Mario Nasalli Rocca di Corneliano
    Mario Nasalli Rocca di Corneliano
    Mario Nasalli Rocca di Corneliano was an Italian Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as Prefect of the Apostolic Palace from 1967 until his death, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 1969.-Biography:...
    
    , Prefect of Apostolic Camera
    Apostolic Camera
    The Apostolic Camera, or in Latin Camera Apostolica or Apostolica Camera, is the central board of finance in the Papal administrative system, which at one time was of great importance in the government of the States of the Church, and in the administration of justice, led by the Camerlengo of the...
    
    
12. Giuseppe Paupini
    Giuseppe Paupini
    Giuseppe Paupini J.C.D. was a Roman Catholic Cardinal who served as Major Penitentiary of the Apostolic Penitentiary.Giuseppe Paupini was born in Mondavio, Italy...
    
    , Major Penitentiary
    Apostolic Penitentiary
    The Apostolic Penitentiary, formerly called the Supreme Tribunal of the Apostolic Penitentiary, is one of the three tribunals of the Roman Curia. The Apostolic Penitentiary is chiefly a tribunal of mercy, responsible for issues relating to the forgiveness of sins in the Catholic Church.The...
    
    
13. Paul-Pierre Philippe
    Paul-Pierre Philippe
    Paul-Pierre Philippe O.P. was a Cardinal and Prefect of the Congregation for the Oriental Churches in the Roman Catholic Church....
    
    , OP
    Dominican Order
    The Order of Preachers , after the 15th century more commonly known as the Dominican Order or Dominicans, is a Catholic religious order founded by Saint Dominic and approved by Pope Honorius III on 22 December 1216 in France...
    
    , Prefect of Oriental Churches
    Congregation for the Oriental Churches
    The Congregation for the Oriental Churches is the dicastery of the Roman Curia responsible for contact with the Eastern Catholic Churches for the sake of assisting their development, protecting their rights and also maintaining whole and entire in the one Catholic Church, alongside the liturgical,...
    
    
14. Sergio Pignedoli, President of Non-Christians
    Pontifical Council for Interreligious Dialogue
    The Pontifical Council for Interreligious Dialogue is a dicastery of the Roman Curia, erected by Pope Paul VI on 19 May 1964 as the Secretariat for Non-Christians, and renamed by Pope John Paul II on 28 June 1988....
    
    
15. Eduardo Francisco Pironio
    Eduardo Francisco Pironio
    Eduardo Francisco Pironio, Servant of God was a Roman Catholic Cardinal-Bishop. On 30 June 2006 the Diocese of Rome began requesting testimonies about the life and sanctity of Cardinal Pironio.-Early life:...
    
    , Prefect of Religious and Secular Institutes
    Congregation for Institutes of Consecrated Life and Societies of Apostolic Life
    The Congregation for Institutes of Consecrated Life and Societies of Apostolic Life is the congregation of the Roman Curia responsible for everything which concerns institutes of consecrated life and Society of Apostolic Life regarding their government, discipline, studies, goods, rights, and...
    
    
16. Agnelo Rossi, Prefect of Evangelization of Peoples
    Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples
    The Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples in Rome is the congregation of the Roman Curia responsible for missionary work and related activities...
    
    
17. Opilio Rossi
    Opilio Rossi
    Opilio Rossi was a Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church and was former President of the Pontifical Council for the Laity.He was born in New York, United States as the son of Angelo Rossi and Davidina Ciappa...
    
    , President of Laity
    Pontifical Council for the Laity
    The Pontifical Council for the Laity has the responsibility of assisting the Pope in his dealings with the laity in lay ecclesial movements or individually, and their contributions to the Church. The Cardinal President of the Council is Cardinal Stanisław Ryłko. The Secretary is Bishop Josef...
    
    , President of Family
    Pontifical Council for the Family
    The Pontifical Council for the Family is part of the Curia of the Roman Catholic Church. It was established by Pope John Paul II on 9 May 1981 with his motu proprio Familia a Deo Instituta, replacing the Committee for the Family that Pope Paul VI had established in 1973...
    
    
18. Antonio Samoré, Librarian of Vatican Library
    Vatican Library
    The Vatican Library is the library of the Holy See, currently located in Vatican City. It is one of the oldest libraries in the world and contains one of the most significant collections of historical texts. Formally established in 1475, though in fact much older, it has 75,000 codices from...
    
    , Archivist of Vatican Secret Archives
    Vatican Secret Archives
    The Vatican Secret Archives , located in Vatican City, is the central repository for all of the acts promulgated by the Holy See. The Pope of the Roman Catholic Church, having primal incumbency until death, owns the archives until the next appointed Papal successor...
    
    
19. Joseph Schröffer
    Joseph Schröffer
    Joseph Schröffer was a German Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as Secretary of the Sacred Congregation of Seminaries and Universities from 1967 to 1976, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 1976....
    
    , Secretary of Seminaries and Universities
    Congregation for Catholic Education
    The Congregation for Catholic Education is the Pontifical congregation of the Roman Curia responsible for: seminaries and houses of formation of...
    
    
20. Franjo Šeper
    Franjo Šeper
    Franjo Šeper was a Croatian Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as Prefect of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith from 1968 to 1981, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 1965....
    
    , Prefect of Doctrine of the Faith
    Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith
    The Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith , previously known as the Supreme Sacred Congregation of the Roman and Universal Inquisition , and after 1904 called the Supreme...
    
    
21. Egidio Vagnozzi
    Egidio Vagnozzi
    Edigio Vagnozzi was an Italian Cardinal of the Catholic Church. He served as the second president of the Prefecture for the Economic Affairs of the Holy See from 1968 until his death, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 1967.-Biography:Egidio Vagnozzi was born in Rome to Francesco and Pasqua ...
    
    , President of Economic Affairs of the Holy See
    Prefecture for the Economic Affairs of the Holy See
    The Prefecture for the Economic Affairs of the Holy See is an office of the Roman Curia, erected on 15 August 1967, and entrusted with overseeing all the offices of the Holy See that manage finances, regardless of their degree of autonomy....
    
    
22. Jean-Marie Villot, Camerlengo, Cardinal Secretary of State
    Cardinal Secretary of State
    The Cardinal Secretary of State—officially Secretary of State of His Holiness The Pope—presides over the Holy See, usually known as the "Vatican", Secretariat of State, which is the oldest and most important dicastery of the Roman Curia...
    
    , President of Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State
    President of the Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State
    The President of the Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State is the leader of the Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State, the legislative body of Vatican City. As a senior member of the Roman Curia, the president is normally a cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church...
    
    , President of Administration of the Patrimony of the Apostolic See
23. John Joseph Wright, Prefect of Clergy
    Congregation for the Clergy
    The Sacred Congregation for the Clergy is the congregation of the Roman Curia responsible for overseeing matters regarding priests and deacons not belonging to religious orders...
    
     (absent in August)

Italy

Italy

Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...

1. Giovanni Benelli, Archbishop of Florence
   Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Florence
   The Archdiocese of Florence is a metropolitan see of the Catholic Church in Italy. Traditionally founded in the 1st century, it was elevated to the dignity of an archdiocese on May 10, 1419, by Pope Martin V. Its mother church is the Basilica di Santa Maria del Fiore, which has as its pastor the...
   
   
2. Giovanni Colombo, Archbishop of Milan
   Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Milan
   The Archdiocese of Milan is a metropolitan see of the Catholic Church in Italy. It has long maintained its own rite: the Ambrosian rite. It is led by the Archbishop of Milan who serves as metropolitan to the dioceses of Bergamo, Brescia, Como, Crema, Cremona, Lodi, Mantova, Pavia, and Vigevano.The...
   
   
3. Ermenegildo Florit
   Ermenegildo Florit
   Ermenegildo Florit was an Italian Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as Archbishop of Florence from 1962 to 1977, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 1965.-Biography:...
   
   , Archbishop Emeritus of Florence
   Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Florence
   The Archdiocese of Florence is a metropolitan see of the Catholic Church in Italy. Traditionally founded in the 1st century, it was elevated to the dignity of an archdiocese on May 10, 1419, by Pope Martin V. Its mother church is the Basilica di Santa Maria del Fiore, which has as its pastor the...
   
   
4. Albino Luciani
   Pope John Paul I
   John Paul I , born Albino Luciani, , reigned as Pope of the Catholic Church and as Sovereign of Vatican City from 26 August 1978 until his death 33 days later. His reign is among the shortest in papal history, resulting in the most recent Year of Three Popes...
   
   , Patriarch of Venice
   Patriarch of Venice
   The Patriarch of Venice is the ordinary bishop of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Venice. The bishop is one of the few Patriarchs in the Latin Rite of the Roman Catholic Church...
   
    (was elected Pope and chose the name John Paul I) (August)
5. Umberto Mozzoni
   Umberto Mozzoni
   Umberto Mozzoni was an Argentine Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as Nuncio to Brazil from 1969 to 1973, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 1973.-Biography:...
   
   , President of Pontifical Shrines of Pompei
   Pompei
   Pompei is a city and comune in the province of Naples in Campania, southern Italy, famous for its ancient Roman ruins. As of 2010 its population was of 25,671.-History:...
   
    and Loreto
6. Silvio Oddi
   Silvio Oddi
   Silvio Angelo Pio Oddi was a diplomat in the service of the Holy See and a cardinal....
   
   , President Emeritus
   Emeritus
   Emeritus is a post-positive adjective that is used to designate a retired professor, bishop, or other professional or as a title. The female equivalent emerita is also sometimes used.-History:...
   
    of Pontifical Shrines of Pompei
   Pompei
   Pompei is a city and comune in the province of Naples in Campania, southern Italy, famous for its ancient Roman ruins. As of 2010 its population was of 25,671.-History:...
   
    and Loreto
7. Pietro Palazzini
   Pietro Palazzini
   Pietro Palazzini was an Italian Cardinal who helped to save Jews in World War II.Born in Piobbico, near Pesaro, he was ordained a priest on December 6, 1934 and was made a Cardinal in 1973....
   
   , Secretary of Pontifical Shrines of Pompei
   Pompei
   Pompei is a city and comune in the province of Naples in Campania, southern Italy, famous for its ancient Roman ruins. As of 2010 its population was of 25,671.-History:...
   
    and Loreto
8. Salvatore Pappalardo
   Salvatore Pappalardo
   Salvatore Pappalardo STD JUD was an Italian Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church who was Archbishop of Palermo for over 25 years, from 1970 to 1996...
   
   , Archbishop of Palermo
   Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Palermo
   The Roman Catholic Metropolitan Archdiocese of Palermo was founded as the Diocese of Palermo in the 1st Century but was raised to the level of an archdiocese in the 11th century...
   
   
9. Michele Pellegrino
   Michele Pellegrino
   Michele Pellegrino was an Italian cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church who served as Archbishop of Turin from 1965 until 1977....
   
   , Archbishop Emeritus of Turin
   Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Turin
   The Roman Catholic Metropolitan Archdiocese of Turin is an ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Roman Catholic Church in Italy. Founded in the 4th century and elevated to the dignity of an archdiocese on 21 May 1515, by Pope Leo X. Its mother church is the Cathedral of Saint John the Baptist...
   
   
10. Ugo Poletti, Vicar General of Rome
    Cardinal Vicar
    Cardinal Vicar is a title commonly given to the vicar general of the diocese of Rome for the portion of the diocese within Italy. The official title, as given in the Annuario Pontificio , is "Vicar General of His Holiness for the Diocese of Rome"...
    
    
11. Antonio Poma
    Antonio Poma
    Antonio Poma was an Italian Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as Archbishop of Bologna from 1968 to 1983, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 1969.-Biography:...
    
    , Archbishop of Bologna
    Archdiocese of Bologna
    The Archdiocese of Bologna is a Roman Catholic archbishopric in northern Italy, with the archiepiscopal seat in Bologna Cathedral. The current Archbishop is Cardinal Carlo Caffarra since 2003.The archdiocese has the following suffragans:*diocese of Imola...
    
    
12. Giuseppe Sensi
    Giuseppe Sensi
    Giuseppe Maria Sensi was a Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church who served as a longtime Vatican diplomat.Sensi was born in Cosenza, Italy as the sixth of ten children of a prominent local politician...
    
    , retired diplomat of the Holy See
13. Giuseppe Siri, Archbishop of Genoa-Bobbio
    Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Genoa
    The Archdiocese of Genoa is a metropolitan see of the Catholic Church in Italy.Erected in the third century, it was elevated to an archdiocese on 20 March 1133...
    
    
14. Corrado Ursi
    Corrado Ursi
    Corrado Ursi was an Italian prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as Archbishop of Naples from 1966 to 1987, and was created a cardinal in 1967, given the titular church of San Callisto.-Biography:...
    
    , Archbishop of Naples

France

France

The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...

1. Paul Gouyon
   Paul Gouyon
   Paul Joseph Marie Gouyon was a French Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as Archbishop of Rennes from 1964 to 1985, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 1969.-Biography:...
   
   , Archbishop of Rennes
2. Louis-Jean Guyot
   Louis-Jean Guyot
   Louis-Jean Guyot was a cardinal of the Catholic Church, and archbishop of Toulouse 1966–1978....
   
   , Archbishop of Toulouse
3. François Marty
   François Marty
   Gabriel Auguste François Marty was a Roman Catholic Cardinal and Archbishop of Paris.He was born in Vaureilles, Pachins, in France. His family were farmers. His first baptismal name was Gabriel; but he used his second one, François, to avoid confusion with a classmate who was also named Gabriel...
   
   , Archbishop of Paris
   Archbishop of Paris
   The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Paris is one of twenty-three archdioceses of the Roman Catholic Church in France. The original diocese is traditionally thought to have been created in the 3rd century by St. Denis and corresponded with the Civitas Parisiorum; it was elevated to an archdiocese on...
   
   
4. Alexandre-Charles Renard, Archbishop of Lyon

Germany

Germany

Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...

1. Alfred Bengsch
   Alfred Bengsch
   Alfred Bengsch was a German Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as Bishop of Berlin from 1961 until his death, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 1967....
   
   , Archbishop-Bishop of Berlin
2. Joseph Höffner, Archbishop of Cologne
3. Joseph Ratzinger
   Pope Benedict XVI
   Benedict XVI is the 265th and current Pope, by virtue of his office of Bishop of Rome, the Sovereign of the Vatican City State and the leader of the Catholic Church as well as the other 22 sui iuris Eastern Catholic Churches in full communion with the Holy See...
   
   , Archbishop of Munich and Freising
4. Hermann Volk
   Hermann Volk
   Hermann Volk was a German Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as Bishop of Mainz from 1962 to 1982, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 1973.-Early life and ministry:...
   
   , Bishop of Mainz
   Bishop of Mainz
   The Diocese of Mainz is a diocese of the Catholic church in Germany. It was created in 1802 with the abolition of the old Archbishopric of Mainz. The diocese is suffragan to the Archdiocese of Freiburg; its district is located in the states of Rhineland-Palatinate and Hesse...
   
   

Spain

Spain

Spain , officially the Kingdom of Spain languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Spain's official name is as follows:;;;;;;), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula...

1. José Bueno y Monreal
   José Bueno y Monreal
   José María Bueno y Monreal was an Spanish Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church who served as Archbishop of Seville from 1957 to 1982, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 1958.-Biography:...
   
   , Archbishop of Seville
   Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Seville
   The Archdiocese of Seville is part of the Catholic Church in Seville, Spain. The Diocese of Seville was founded in the 3rd century. It was raised to the level of an archdiocese in the 4th century. The current Archbishop is Juan José Asenjo Pelegrina...
   
   
2. Vicente Enrique y Tarancón, Archbishop of Madrid
   Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Madrid
   The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Madrid was founded on 7 March 1885 by Pope Leo XIII. Initially, the territory that now makes up the Archdiocese was part of the Archdiocese of Toledo. It was raised to the level of an Archdiocese on 25 March 1964 by Pope Paul VI. Pope John Paul II gave the...
   
   
3. Marcelo González Martín, Archbishop of Toledo
   Archdiocese of Toledo
   This is a list of Bishops and Archbishops of Toledo . They are also the Primates of Spain. It was, according to tradition established in the 1st century by St. James the Great and was elevated to an archdiocese in 313 after the Edict of Milan. The incumbent Archbishop also bears the title Primate...
   
   
4. Narciso Jubany Arnau, Archbishop of Barcelona
   Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Barcelona
   The Archdiocese of Barcelona is a Roman Catholic ecclesiastical territory in southeastern Spain and the metropolitan see of the ecclesiastical province of Barcelona which includes the suffragan dioceses of Sant Feliu de Llobregat and Terrassa....
   
   

Netherlands

Netherlands

The Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...

1. Bernardus Johannes Alfrink
   Bernardus Johannes Alfrink
   Bernardus Johannes Alfrink was a Dutch Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as Archbishop of Utrecht from 1955 to 1975, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 1960.-Biography:...
   
   , Archbishop Emeritus of Utrecht
   Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Utrecht
   The Archdiocese of Utrecht is an archdiocese of the Catholic Church in the Netherlands. The archdiocese is the metropolitan for 6 suffragans, the dioceses of Breda, Groningen-Leeuwarden, Haarlem-Amsterdam, Roermond, Rotterdam, and 's-Hertogenbosch....
   
   
2. Maximilien de Furstenberg
   Maximilien de Furstenberg
   Maximilien Louis Hubert Egon Vincent Marie Joseph, Freiherr von Fürstenberg-Stammheim also Maximilian Kardinal von Fürstenberg was a Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church and was Prefect of the Congregation for the Oriental Churches.He was born in the castle of Ter Worm, Heerlen, The Netherlands,...
   
   , Prefect Emeritus
   Emeritus
   Emeritus is a post-positive adjective that is used to designate a retired professor, bishop, or other professional or as a title. The female equivalent emerita is also sometimes used.-History:...
   
    of Oriental Churches
   Congregation for the Oriental Churches
   The Congregation for the Oriental Churches is the dicastery of the Roman Curia responsible for contact with the Eastern Catholic Churches for the sake of assisting their development, protecting their rights and also maintaining whole and entire in the one Catholic Church, alongside the liturgical,...
   
   
3. Johannes Willebrands, Archbishop of Utrecht
   Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Utrecht
   The Archdiocese of Utrecht is an archdiocese of the Catholic Church in the Netherlands. The archdiocese is the metropolitan for 6 suffragans, the dioceses of Breda, Groningen-Leeuwarden, Haarlem-Amsterdam, Roermond, Rotterdam, and 's-Hertogenbosch....
   
   , President of Christian Unity
   Pontifical Council for Promoting Christian Unity
   The Pontifical Council for Promoting Christian Unity origins are associated with the Second Vatican Council which met intermittently from 1962–1965.Pope John XXIII wanted the Catholic Church to engage in the contemporary ecumenical movement...
   
   

Poland

People's Republic of Poland

The People's Republic of Poland was the official name of Poland from 1952 to 1990. Although the Soviet Union took control of the country immediately after the liberation from Nazi Germany in 1944, the name of the state was not changed until eight years later...

1. Stefan Wyszyński, Archbishop of Warsaw and Gniezno
2. Karol Wojtyła
   Pope John Paul II
   Blessed Pope John Paul II , born Karol Józef Wojtyła , reigned as Pope of the Catholic Church and Sovereign of Vatican City from 16 October 1978 until his death on 2 April 2005, at of age. His was the second-longest documented pontificate, which lasted ; only Pope Pius IX ...
   
   , Archbishop of Kraków (was elected Pope and chose the name John Paul II) (October)

Czechoslovakia

Czechoslovakia

Czechoslovakia or Czecho-Slovakia was a sovereign state in Central Europe which existed from October 1918, when it declared its independence from the Austro-Hungarian Empire, until 1992...

1. František Tomášek
   František Tomášek
   František Tomášek was a cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church in Bohemia, the 34th Archbishop of Prague, and a Roman Catholic theologian...
   
   , Archbishop of Prague

Hungary

People's Republic of Hungary

The People's Republic of Hungary or Hungarian People's Republic was the official state name of Hungary from 1949 to 1989 during its Communist period under the guidance of the Soviet Union. The state remained in existence until 1989 when opposition forces consolidated in forcing the regime to...

1. László Lékai
   László Lékai
   László Lékai was Archbishop of Esztergom and a Cardinal.He was ordained to the priesthood on 28 September 1934. He served as a Faculty member at the Seminary of Veszprém and did pastoral work in the diocese of Veszprém from 1934 until 1944. He served as private secretary to future Cardinal József...
   
   , Archbishop of Esztergom
   Archdiocese of Esztergom-Budapest
   The Metropolitan Archdiocese of Esztergom-Budapest is part of the Roman Catholic Church in Hungary. It represents two Hungarian cities, Esztergom and the national capital Budapest...
   
   

Scotland

Scotland

Scotland is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. Occupying the northern third of the island of Great Britain, it shares a border with England to the south and is bounded by the North Sea to the east, the Atlantic Ocean to the north and west, and the North Channel and Irish Sea to the...

1. Gordon Gray, Archbishop of St Andrews and Edinburgh
   Archbishop of St Andrews and Edinburgh
   The Archbishop of Saint Andrews and Edinburgh is the Ordinary of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Saint Andrews and Edinburgh. The archdiocese covers an area of 5,504 km²...
   
   

United States

United States

The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...

1. William Wakefield Baum, Archbishop of Washington
   Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Washington
   The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Washington is a particular church of the Roman Catholic Church in the United States. It comprises the District of Columbia and Calvert, Charles, Montgomery, Prince George's and Saint Mary's counties in the state of Maryland....
   
   
2. John Carberry, Archbishop of St. Louis
   Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Saint Louis
   The Archdiocese of St. Louis is the Roman Catholic archdiocese that covers the City of St. Louis as well as the following Missouri counties: Franklin, Jefferson, Lincoln, Perry, Saint Charles, Saint Francois, Ste. Genevieve, St...
   
   
3. John Cody, Archbishop of Chicago
   Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Chicago
   The Archdiocese of Chicago was established as a diocese in 1843 and as an Archdiocese in 1880. It serves more than 2.3 million Catholics in Cook and Lake counties in Northeastern Illinois, a geographic area of 1,411 square miles. The Archdiocese is divided into six vicariates and 31 deaneries...
   
   
4. Terence Cooke, Archbishop of New York
   Roman Catholic Archdiocese of New York
   The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of New York covers New York, Bronx, and Richmond counties in New York City , as well as Dutchess, Orange, Putnam, Rockland, Sullivan, Ulster, and Westchester counties in New York state. There are 480 parishes...
   
   
5. John Dearden, Archbishop of Detroit
   Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Detroit
   The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Detroit is an archdiocese of the Latin Rite of the Catholic Church covering the Michigan counties of Lapeer, Macomb, Monroe, Oakland, St. Clair, and Wayne...
   
   
6. John Krol, Archbishop of Philadelphia
   Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Philadelphia
   The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Philadelphia is an ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Roman Catholic Church in southeastern Pennsylvania, in the United States. It covers the City and County of Philadelphia as well as Bucks, Chester, Delaware, and Montgomery counties. The diocese was...
   
   
7. Timothy Manning, Archbishop of Los Angeles
   Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Los Angeles
   The Archdiocese of Los Angeles is an archdiocese of the Roman Catholic Church in the U.S. state of California. Headquartered in Los Angeles, the archdiocese comprises the California counties of Los Angeles, Santa Barbara and Ventura. The diocesan cathedral is the Cathedral of Our Lady of the...
   
   
8. Humberto Sousa Medeiros, Archbishop of Boston
   Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Boston
   The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Boston is an ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Roman Catholic Church in the New England region of the United States. It comprises several counties of the state of Massachusetts...
   
   

Canada

Canada

Canada is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and northward into the Arctic Ocean...

1. George Flahiff
   George Flahiff
   George Bernard Flahiff, CC, CSB was a Canadian prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as Archbishop of Winnipeg from 1961 to 1982, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 1969.-Early life and education:...
   
   , CSB
   Congregation of St. Basil
   The Basilian Fathers, also known as The Congregation of Saint Basil, is an international order of Catholic priests and students studying for the priesthood, who focus on education and ministering through oratories....
   
   , Archbishop of Winnipeg
   Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Winnipeg
   The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Winnipeg is a Roman Catholic archdiocese that includes part of the Province of Manitoba. It is currently led by Archbishop James Weisgerber...
   
   
2. Paul-Émile Léger, PSS
   Society of Saint-Sulpice
   The Society of Saint-Sulpice is a Catholic Society of Apostolic Life named for Eglise Saint-Sulpice, Paris, in turn named for St. Sulpitius the Pious. Typically, priests become members of the Society of St. Sulpice only after ordination and some years of pastoral work. Uniquely, Sulpicians retain...
   
   , Archbishop Emeritus of Montréal
   Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Montreal
   The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Montréal is a Roman Catholic archdiocese that includes part of the Province of Quebec. The Archbishop of Montréal is Metropolitan of a province that includes the suffragan dioceses of Joliette, Saint-Jean-Longueuil, Saint-Jérôme, and Valleyfield...
   
   
3. Maurice Roy
   Maurice Roy
   -External links:***...
   
   , Archbishop of Québec
   Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Quebec
   The Archdiocese of Québec is the oldest Catholic see in the New World north of Mexico. The archdiocese was founded as the Apostolic Vicariate of New France in 1658 and was elevated to a Diocese in 1674 and an Archdiocese in 1819...
   
   

Mexico

Mexico

The United Mexican States , commonly known as Mexico , is a federal constitutional republic in North America. It is bordered on the north by the United States; on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of...

1. José Salazar López
   José Salazar López
   José Salazar López was a Mexican Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as Archbishop of Guadalajara from 1970 to 1987, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 1973.-Biography:...
   
   , Archbishop of Guadalajara

Bolivia

Bolivia

Bolivia officially known as Plurinational State of Bolivia , is a landlocked country in central South America. It is the poorest country in South America...

1. José Maurer
   José Maurer
   Jose Maurer was a stage and cinema actor starring mainly in the Yiddish theatre in Europe, Argentina and Israel from the early 1920s.- Biography :...
   
   , CSSR
   Congregation of the Most Holy Redeemer
   The Congregation of the Most Holy Redeemer is a Roman Catholic missionary Congregation founded by Saint Alphonsus Liguori at Scala, near Amalfi, Italy for the purpose of labouring among the neglected country people in the neighbourhood of Naples.Members of the Congregation, priests and brothers,...
   
   , Archbishop of Sucre
   Sucre
   Sucre, also known historically as Charcas, La Plata and Chuquisaca is the constitutional capital of Bolivia and the capital of the department of Chuquisaca. Located in the south-central part of the country, Sucre lies at an elevation of 2750m...
   
   

Brazil

Brazil

Brazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population with over 192 million people...

1. Eugênio de Araújo Sales
   Eugênio de Araújo Sales
   Eugênio de Araújo Sales is, as of 2011, the longest-serving cardinal in the Roman Catholic Church, having been elevated by Pope Paul VI on April 28, 1969. He served as archbishop of São Sebastião do Rio de Janeiro for thirty years until his resignation was accepted in 2001, when he had already...
   
   , Archbishop of São Sebastião de Rio de Janeiro
2. Paulo Evaristo Arns
   Paulo Evaristo Arns
   Paulo Evaristo Arns O.F.M. is the Cardinal Archbishop Emeritus of São Paulo.-Early life and education:...
   
   , OFM
   Franciscan
   Most Franciscans are members of Roman Catholic religious orders founded by Saint Francis of Assisi. Besides Roman Catholic communities, there are also Old Catholic, Anglican, Lutheran, ecumenical and Non-denominational Franciscan communities....
   
   , Archbishop of São Paulo
   Roman Catholic Archdiocese of São Paulo
   The Archdiocese of São Paulo is a major see in the Roman Catholic Church in Brazil. The Diocese of São Paulo was erected by Pope Benedict XIV on 6 December 1745. It became an Archdiocese on 7 June 1908...
   
   
3. Avelar Brandão Vilela
   Avelar Brandão Vilela
   Avelar Brandão Vilela was a Brazilian Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as Archbishop of São Salvador da Bahia from 1971 until his death, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 1973.-Biography:...
   
   , Archbishop of São Salvador da Bahia
   Roman Catholic Archdiocese of São Salvador da Bahia
   The Archdiocese of São Salvador da Bahia is part of the Roman Catholic Church in Brazil. The Archbishop of São Salvador da Bahia also carries the title Primate of Brazil...
   
   
4. Aloísio Lorscheider
   Aloísio Lorscheider
   Aloísio Leo Arlindo Lorscheider, O.F.M. was a prominent cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church in Brazil during the 1970s and 1980s...
   
   , OFM
   Franciscan
   Most Franciscans are members of Roman Catholic religious orders founded by Saint Francis of Assisi. Besides Roman Catholic communities, there are also Old Catholic, Anglican, Lutheran, ecumenical and Non-denominational Franciscan communities....
   
   , Archbishop of Fortaleza
   Fortaleza
   Fortaleza is the state capital of Ceará, located in Northeastern Brazil. With a population close to 2.5 million , Fortaleza is the 5th largest city in Brazil. It has an area of and one of the highest demographic densities in the country...
   
   
5. Alfredo Scherer
   Alfredo Scherer
   Alfredo Vicente Scherer was a German-Brazilian Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as Archbishop of Porto Alegre from 1946 to 1996, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 1969.-Biography:...
   
   , Archbishop of Porto Alegre
   Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Porto Alegre
   The Roman Catholic Metropolitan Archdiocese of Porto Alegre is an ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Roman Catholic Church in Brazil. It was erected as the Diocese of São Pedro do Rio Grande by Pope Pius IX on May 7, 1848, and elevated to the rank of a metropolitan archdiocese by Pope Pius...
   
   

Argentina

Argentina

Argentina , officially the Argentine Republic , is the second largest country in South America by land area, after Brazil. It is constituted as a federation of 23 provinces and an autonomous city, Buenos Aires...

1. Juan Carlos Aramburu, Archbishop of Buenos Aires
2. Raúl Francisco Primatesta, Archbishop of Córdoba
   Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Córdoba
   The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Córdoba is in Argentina and is a metropolitan diocese, responsible for the suffragan Dioceses of Cruz del Eje, San Francisco, Villa de la Concepción del Río Cuarto and Villa María as well as the Territorial Prelature of Deán Funes. It was elevated on 20 April...
   
   

Chile

Chile

Chile ,officially the Republic of Chile , is a country in South America occupying a long, narrow coastal strip between the Andes mountains to the east and the Pacific Ocean to the west. It borders Peru to the north, Bolivia to the northeast, Argentina to the east, and the Drake Passage in the far...

1. Raúl Silva Henríquez, SDB
   Salesians of Don Bosco
   The Salesians of Don Bosco is a Roman Catholic religious order founded in the late nineteenth century by Saint John Bosco in an attempt, through works of charity, to care for the young and poor children of the industrial revolution...
   
   , Archbishop of Santiago
   Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Santiago de Chile
   The Roman Catholic Metropolitan Archdiocese of Santiago de Chile is part of the Roman Catholic Church in Chile. The current Archbishop is Ricardo Ezzati Andrello...
   
   

Colombia

Colombia

Colombia, officially the Republic of Colombia , is a unitary constitutional republic comprising thirty-two departments. The country is located in northwestern South America, bordered to the east by Venezuela and Brazil; to the south by Ecuador and Peru; to the north by the Caribbean Sea; to the...

1. Anibal Muñoz Duque
   Anibal Muñoz Duque
   Aníbal Muñoz Duque was a Roman Catholic Cardinal and former Archbishop of Bogotá.He was born in Santa Rosa de Osos Colombia as the son of José María Muñoz and Ana Rosa Duque. He was educated at the Seminary of Santa Rosa de Osos. He was ordained to the priesthood November 19, 1933...
   
   , Archbishop of Bogotá
   Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Bogotá
   The Roman Catholic Metropolitan Archdiocese of Bogotá is part of the Roman Catholic Church in Colombia. It was founded as the Diocese of Santafé en Nueva Granada on 11 September 1562...
   
   

Ecuador

Ecuador

Ecuador , officially the Republic of Ecuador is a representative democratic republic in South America, bordered by Colombia on the north, Peru on the east and south, and by the Pacific Ocean to the west. It is one of only two countries in South America, along with Chile, that do not have a border...

1. Pablo Muñoz Vega
   Pablo Muñoz Vega
   Pablo Muñoz Vega S.J. was an Ecuadorian cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church and Archbishop of Quito.He was born in Mira, Carchi. He joined the Society of Jesus on 27 September 1918...
   
   , SJ
   Society of Jesus
   The Society of Jesus is a Catholic male religious order that follows the teachings of the Catholic Church. The members are called Jesuits, and are also known colloquially as "God's Army" and as "The Company," these being references to founder Ignatius of Loyola's military background and a...
   
   , Archbishop of Qutio

Peru

Peru

Peru , officially the Republic of Peru , is a country in western South America. It is bordered on the north by Ecuador and Colombia, on the east by Brazil, on the southeast by Bolivia, on the south by Chile, and on the west by the Pacific Ocean....

1. Juan Landázuri Ricketts
   Juan Landázuri Ricketts
   Juan Landázuri Ricketts was one of the most prominent Roman Catholic Churchmen during the 1960s and 1970s in Latin America. This was a period in which the Church was compelled to take a strong stand on human rights abuses by numerous military juntas and also concerning problems of extreme poverty...
   
   , OFM
   Franciscan
   Most Franciscans are members of Roman Catholic religious orders founded by Saint Francis of Assisi. Besides Roman Catholic communities, there are also Old Catholic, Anglican, Lutheran, ecumenical and Non-denominational Franciscan communities....
   
   , Archbishop of Lima
   Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Lima
   The Roman Catholic Metropolitan Archdiocese of Lima is part of the Roman Catholic Church in Peru which enjoys full communion with the Holy See. The Archdiocese was founded as the Diocese of Lima on 14 May 1541. The diocese was raised to the level of a metropolitan archdiocese by Pope Paul III on ...
   
   

Venezuela

Venezuela

Venezuela , officially called the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela , is a tropical country on the northern coast of South America. It borders Colombia to the west, Guyana to the east, and Brazil to the south...

1. José Quintero Parra
   José Quintero Parra
   José Humberto Quintero Parra was a Venezuelan Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as Archbishop of Caracas from 1960 to 1980, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 1961.-Biography:...
   
   , Archbishop of Caracas
   Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Caracas
   The Roman Catholic Metropolitan Archdiocese of Caracas , is an ecclesiastical territory over which it exercises ecclesiastical jurisdiction, the Archbishop of Caracas, as a representative of the Roman Catholic Church in Venezuela. It was founded as the Diocese of Caracas on June 20, 1637, and was...
   
   

Dominican Republic

Dominican Republic

The Dominican Republic is a nation on the island of La Hispaniola, part of the Greater Antilles archipelago in the Caribbean region. The western third of the island is occupied by the nation of Haiti, making Hispaniola one of two Caribbean islands that are shared by two countries...

1. Octavio Beras Rojas
   Octavio Beras Rojas
   Octavio Antonio Beras Rojas was a Dominican Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as Archbishop of Santo Domingo from 1961 to 1981, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 1976.-Biography:...
   
   , Archbishop of Santo Domingo
   Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Santo Domingo
   The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Santo Domingo is a Metropolitan Archdiocese, in the Dominican Republic. It is responsible for the dioceses of Baní, Barahona, Nuestra Señora de la Altagracia en Higüey, San Juan de la Maguana and San Pedro de Macorís.The see was elevated to an archdiocese on 12...
   
   

Guatemala

Guatemala

Guatemala is a country in Central America bordered by Mexico to the north and west, the Pacific Ocean to the southwest, Belize to the northeast, the Caribbean to the east, and Honduras and El Salvador to the southeast...

1. Mario Casariego y Acevedo
   Mario Casariego y Acevedo
   Mario Casariego y Acevedo, CRS was a Spanish Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as Archbishop of Guatemala City in Guatemala from 1964 until his death, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 1969....
   
   , CRS
   Somaschi Fathers
   The Somascan Fathers are a charitable religious congregation of priests and brothers, founded in Italy in the 16th century by Saint Jerome Emiliani and named after the mother-house at Somasca. They are often called Somascans for short. Their formal name is Ordo Clericorum Regularium a Somascha,...
   
   , Archbishop of Guatemala
   Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Guatemala
   The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Guatemala is a metropolitan diocese, responsible for the suffragan Dioceses of Escuintla, Jalapa, Santa Rosa de Lima, Verapaz, Cobán and Zacapa y Santo Cristo de Esquipulas. It was elevated on 16 December 1743...
   
   

Puerto Rico

Puerto Rico

Puerto Rico , officially the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico , is an unincorporated territory of the United States, located in the northeastern Caribbean, east of the Dominican Republic and west of both the United States Virgin Islands and the British Virgin Islands.Puerto Rico comprises an...

1. Luis Aponte Martínez
   Luis Aponte Martínez
   Luis Aponte Martínez is the only Puerto Rican ever to be consecrated a cardinal of the Catholic Church, and for 34 years was the Archbishop of San Juan. Cardinal Aponte was a cardinal elector in the two conclaves of 1978....
   
   , Archbishop of San Juan
   Roman Catholic Archdiocese of San Juan de Puerto Rico
   The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of San Juan de Puerto Rico is an ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Roman Catholic Church, comprising the northeast portion of the island of Puerto Rico, a commonwealth of the United States...
   
   

India

India

India , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...

1. Mar Joseph Parecattil, Archbishop of Ernakulam of the Syro-Malabars
2. Lawrence Picachy
   Lawrence Picachy
   Lawrence Trevor Picachy, was an Indian Jesuit priest, spiritual guide of Mother Teresa, and later Archbishop of Calcutta . He was elevated to the cardinalate in 1976....
   
   , SJ
   Society of Jesus
   The Society of Jesus is a Catholic male religious order that follows the teachings of the Catholic Church. The members are called Jesuits, and are also known colloquially as "God's Army" and as "The Company," these being references to founder Ignatius of Loyola's military background and a...
   
   , Archbishop of Calcutta
   Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Calcutta
   The Roman Catholic Metropolitan Archdiocese of Calcutta is an ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Roman Catholic Church in India. It was erected as the Apostolic Vicariate of Bengal in 1834 by Pope Gregory XVI, and renamed as the Apostolic Vicariate of Western Bengal in 1850 by Gregory's...
   
   

Philippines

Philippines

The Philippines , officially known as the Republic of the Philippines , is a country in Southeast Asia in the western Pacific Ocean. To its north across the Luzon Strait lies Taiwan. West across the South China Sea sits Vietnam...

1. Julio Rosales y Ras, Archbishop of Cebú
2. Jaime Sin, Archbishop of Manila
   Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Manila
   The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Manila or Archdiocese of Manila is a particular Church or Diocese of the Catholic Church in the Philippines. It is also considered as the primatial see of the country, currently headed by the Archbishop of Manila and it enjoys primacy over the other dioceses in...
   
   

Sri Lanka

Sri Lanka

Sri Lanka, officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka is a country off the southern coast of the Indian subcontinent. Known until 1972 as Ceylon , Sri Lanka is an island surrounded by the Indian Ocean, the Gulf of Mannar and the Palk Strait, and lies in the vicinity of India and the...

1. Thomas Cooray
   Thomas Cooray
   Thomas Benjamin Cooray, OMI was a Sri Lankan Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church who served as Archbishop of Colombo from 1947 to 1976, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 1965.-Biography:...
   
   , OMI
   Missionary Oblates of Mary Immaculate
   The Missionary Oblates of Mary Immaculate is a missionary religious congregation in the Catholic Church. It was founded on January 25, 1816 by Saint Eugene de Mazenod, a French priest born in Aix-en-Provence in the south of France on August 1, 1782. The congregation was given recognition by Pope...
   
   , Archbishop of Colombo

Algeria

Algeria

Algeria , officially the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria , also formally referred to as the Democratic and Popular Republic of Algeria, is a country in the Maghreb region of Northwest Africa with Algiers as its capital.In terms of land area, it is the largest country in Africa and the Arab...

1. Léon-Etienne Duval
   Léon-Etienne Duval
   Léon-Etienne Duval was a French Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as Archbishop of Algiers in Algeria from 1954 to 1988, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 1965.-Biography:...
   
   , Archbishop of Algiers
   Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Alger
   The Archdiocese of Alger or Algiers is the Metropolitan See for the Ecclesiastical province of Algiers in Algeria.-History:* August 10, 1838: Established as Diocese of Algiers from Diocese of Islas Canarias in Spain...
   
   

Egypt

Egypt

Egypt , officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, Arabic: , is a country mainly in North Africa, with the Sinai Peninsula forming a land bridge in Southwest Asia. Egypt is thus a transcontinental country, and a major power in Africa, the Mediterranean Basin, the Middle East and the Muslim world...

1. Stéphanos I Sidarouss
   Stéphanos I Sidarouss
   Stéphanos I Sidarouss, CM was a Cardinal and leader of the Coptic Catholic Church, an Eastern Catholic sui juris particular church of the Roman Catholic Church...
   
   , CM
   Lazarists
   Congregation of the Mission is a vowed order of priests and brothers associated with the Vincentian Family, a loose federation of organizations who claim St. Vincent de Paul as their founder or Patron...
   
   , Patriarch of Alexandria of the Copts

Kenya

Kenya

Kenya , officially known as the Republic of Kenya, is a country in East Africa that lies on the equator, with the Indian Ocean to its south-east...

1. Maurice Otunga
   Maurice Michael Otunga
   Maurice Michael Otunga , Cardinal and Archbishop emeritus of Nairobi and Military Ordinary emeritus for Kenya, was born in Chebukwa, diocese of Kakamega, Kenya.-Early life and ordination:...
   
   , Archbishop of Nairobi

Madagascar

Madagascar

The Republic of Madagascar is an island country located in the Indian Ocean off the southeastern coast of Africa...

1. Victor Razafimahatratra
   Victor Razafimahatratra
   Victor Razafimahatratra, SJ was a Malagasy Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as Archbishop of Antananarivo from 1976 until his death, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 1976.-Biography:...
   
   , SJ
   Society of Jesus
   The Society of Jesus is a Catholic male religious order that follows the teachings of the Catholic Church. The members are called Jesuits, and are also known colloquially as "God's Army" and as "The Company," these being references to founder Ignatius of Loyola's military background and a...
   
   , Archbishop of Tananarive
   Archdiocese of Antananarivo
   Archdiocese of Antananarivo is a Roman Catholic Archdiocese in Madagascar. It is based in the capital city of Antananarivo. The archdiocese was, for many years, one the bases for the spreading of Catholicism in Madagascar and the surrounding French Indian Ocean territories like Réunion, Comoros and...
   
   

Senegal

Senegal

Senegal , officially the Republic of Senegal , is a country in western Africa. It owes its name to the Sénégal River that borders it to the east and north...

1. Hyacinthe Thiandoum
   Hyacinthe Thiandoum
   Cardinal Hyacinthe Thiandoum was Archbishop Emeritus of Dakar .Born 1921 in Poponguine, Senegal, his father was a catechist...
   
   , Archbishop of Dakar

South Africa

South Africa

The Republic of South Africa is a country in southern Africa. Located at the southern tip of Africa, it is divided into nine provinces, with of coastline on the Atlantic and Indian oceans...

1. Owen McCann
   Owen McCann
   Owen McCann , was a South African cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. Archbishop of Cape Town from 1951 to 1984, he was elevated to the cardinalate in 1965.-Biography:...
   
   , Archbishop of Cape Town
   Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Cape Town
   The Roman Catholic Metropolitan Archdiocese of Cape Town is an ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Roman Catholic Church in South Africa...
   
   

Tanzania

Tanzania

The United Republic of Tanzania is a country in East Africa bordered by Kenya and Uganda to the north, Rwanda, Burundi, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the west, and Zambia, Malawi, and Mozambique to the south. The country's eastern borders lie on the Indian Ocean.Tanzania is a state...

1. Laurean Rugambwa, Archbishop of Dar es Salaam

Upper Volta

Republic of Upper Volta

The Republic of Upper Volta was established on December 11, 1958, as a self-governing colony within the French Community. Before attaining autonomy it had been French Upper Volta and part of the French Union. On August 5, 1960 it attained full independence from France.Thomas Sankara came to power...

1. Paul Zoungrana
   Paul Zoungrana
   Paul Zoungrana, MAfr was a Burkinabé Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as Archbishop of Ouagadougou from 1960 to 1995, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 1965.-Biography:...
   
   , MAfr
   White Fathers
   The missionary society known as "White Fathers" , after their dress, is a Roman Catholic Society of Apostolic Life founded in 1868 by the first Archbishop of Algiers, later Cardinal Lavigerie, as the Missionaries of Our Lady of Africa of Algeria, and is also now known as the Society of the...
   
   , Archbishop of Ouagadougou

Zaire

Zaire

The Republic of Zaire was the name of the present Democratic Republic of the Congo between 27 October 1971 and 17 May 1997. The name of Zaire derives from the , itself an adaptation of the Kongo word nzere or nzadi, or "the river that swallows all rivers".-Self-proclaimed Father of the Nation:In...

1. Joseph Malula
   Joseph Malula
   Joseph Albert Malula was a Congolese Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as Archbishop of Kinshasa from 1964 until his death, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 1969.-Biography:...
   
   , Archbishop of Kinshasa

Australia

Australia

Australia , officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area...

1. James Freeman
   James Freeman
   James Freeman and Jim Freeman may refer to:*James Freeman , American Unitarian clergyman*James C. Freeman , United States Congressman*James Darcy Freeman , Catholic cardinal who was archbishop of Sydney...
   
   , Archbishop of Sydney
   Catholic Bishops and Archbishops of Sydney
   Sydney has had a Catholic Archbishop since 1842.-List of incumbents:# John Bede Polding OSB, 1842-1877.# Roger Bede Vaughan O.S.B., 1877-1883.# Patrick Francis Moran, 1884-1911.# Michael Kelly, 1911-1940.# Norman Thomas Gilroy, 1940-1971....
   
   

New Zealand

New Zealand

New Zealand is an island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses and numerous smaller islands. The country is situated some east of Australia across the Tasman Sea, and roughly south of the Pacific island nations of New Caledonia, Fiji, and Tonga...

1. Reginald Delargey, Archbishop of Wellington
   Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Wellington
   The Latin Rite Catholic Archdiocese of Wellington is the Metropolitan Archdiocese of New Zealand. Catholics number about 83,214 . Parishes number 47 parishes and the archdiocese extends over central New Zealand between Levin and Masterton in the north to Kaikoura to Westport in the...
   
   

Western Samoa

Samoa

Samoa , officially the Independent State of Samoa, formerly known as Western Samoa is a country encompassing the western part of the Samoan Islands in the South Pacific Ocean. It became independent from New Zealand in 1962. The two main islands of Samoa are Upolu and one of the biggest islands in...

1. Pio Taofinu'u, SM
   Society of Mary (Marists)
   The Society of Mary , is a Roman Catholic religious congregation or order, founded by Father Jean-Claude Colin and a group of other seminarians in France in 1816...
   
   , Bishop of Samoa and Tokelau
   Archdiocese of Samoa-Apia
   The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Samoa-Apia consists of the Independent State of Samoa. The origins of the archdiocese stem from the August 20, 1850, canonical erection by the Holy See of the Vicariate Apostolic of the Navigators' Archipelago, entrusted to the Society of Mary...