Lazarists
Encyclopedia
Congregation of the Mission (Congregatio Missionis; abbreviated as "C.M." in the Roman Catholic Church
Roman Catholic Church
The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the world's largest Christian church, with over a billion members. Led by the Pope, it defines its mission as spreading the gospel of Jesus Christ, administering the sacraments and exercising charity...

) is a vowed order
Roman Catholic religious order
Catholic religious orders are, historically, a category of Catholic religious institutes.Subcategories are canons regular ; monastics ; mendicants Catholic religious orders are, historically, a category of Catholic religious institutes.Subcategories are canons regular (canons and canonesses regular...

 of priests and brothers associated with the Vincentian Family
Vincentian Family
Vincentian Family refers to organizations that are inspired by the life and work of St. Vincent de Paul, a 17th century priest who "transformed the face of France."...

, a loose federation of organizations who claim St. Vincent de Paul as their founder or Patron. They are popularly known as Vincentians, or Lazarites, Lazarists and Lazarians.

History

The Congregation has its origin in the successful mission to the common people conducted by Saint Vincent de Paul and five other priests on the estates of the Gondi
Gondi
Gondi may refer to:*The Gondi people, an ethnic group of central India*The Gondi language, the language of the Gondi people*Gondi dumplings, a traditional Iranian Jewish food...

 family. More immediately it dates from 1624, when the little community acquired a permanent settlement in the Collège des Bons Enfants in Paris
Paris
Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...

. Archiepiscopal recognition was obtained in 1626. By a papal bull
Papal bull
A Papal bull is a particular type of letters patent or charter issued by a Pope of the Catholic Church. It is named after the bulla that was appended to the end in order to authenticate it....

 — on January 12, 1633 — the society was constituted a congregation, with St Vincent de Paul as its head. About the same time the canons regular of St Victor handed over to the congregation the priory of St Lazarus (formerly a lazar-house) in Paris, whence the name of Lazarites or Lazarists.

Within a few years they had acquired another house in Paris and set up other establishments throughout France
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...

; missions were also sent to Italy
Italy
Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...

 (1638), Tunis
Tunis
Tunis is the capital of both the Tunisian Republic and the Tunis Governorate. It is Tunisia's largest city, with a population of 728,453 as of 2004; the greater metropolitan area holds some 2,412,500 inhabitants....

 (1643), Algiers
Algiers
' is the capital and largest city of Algeria. According to the 1998 census, the population of the city proper was 1,519,570 and that of the urban agglomeration was 2,135,630. In 2009, the population was about 3,500,000...

 and Ireland
Ireland
Ireland is an island to the northwest of continental Europe. It is the third-largest island in Europe and the twentieth-largest island on Earth...

 (1646), Madagascar
Madagascar
The Republic of Madagascar is an island country located in the Indian Ocean off the southeastern coast of Africa...

 (1648), Poland
Poland
Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north...

 (1651) and Turkey
Turkey
Turkey , known officially as the Republic of Turkey , is a Eurasian country located in Western Asia and in East Thrace in Southeastern Europe...

 (1783). A fresh bull of Alexander VII in April 1655 further confirmed the society; this was followed by a brief in September of the same year, regulating its constitution. The rules then adopted, which were framed on the model of those of the Jesuits, were published at Paris in 1668 under the title Regulae seu constitutiones communes congregationis missionis. The special objects contemplated were the religious instruction of the lower classes, the training of the clergy and foreign missions.

On the eve of the French Revolution
French Revolution
The French Revolution , sometimes distinguished as the 'Great French Revolution' , was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France and Europe. The absolute monarchy that had ruled France for centuries collapsed in three years...

 St Lazare was plundered by the mob, the congregation later suppressed; it was restored by Napoleon in 1804 at the desire of Pius VII, abolished by him in 1809 in consequence of a quarrel with the pope, and again restored in 1816. The Lazarists were expelled from Italy in 1871 and from Germany
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...

 in 1873.

The Lazarite province of Poland was singularly prosperous; at the date of its suppression in 1796 it possessed thirty-five establishments. The order was permitted to return in 1816, where it is very active. In Madagascar it had a mission from 1648 till 1674. In 1783 Lazaristes were appointed to take the place of the Jesuits in the Levantine and Chinese missions; they still have some footing in China
China
Chinese civilization may refer to:* China for more general discussion of the country.* Chinese culture* Greater China, the transnational community of ethnic Chinese.* History of China* Sinosphere, the area historically affected by Chinese culture...

, and in 1874 their establishments throughout the Ottoman Empire
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman EmpireIt was usually referred to as the "Ottoman Empire", the "Turkish Empire", the "Ottoman Caliphate" or more commonly "Turkey" by its contemporaries...

 numbered sixteen. In addition, they established branches in Persia, Abyssinia
Ethiopia
Ethiopia , officially known as the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, is a country located in the Horn of Africa. It is the second-most populous nation in Africa, with over 82 million inhabitants, and the tenth-largest by area, occupying 1,100,000 km2...

, Mexico
Mexico
The United Mexican States , commonly known as Mexico , is a federal constitutional republic in North America. It is bordered on the north by the United States; on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of...

, the South American republics, Portugal
Portugal
Portugal , officially the Portuguese Republic is a country situated in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Portugal is the westernmost country of Europe, and is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the West and South and by Spain to the North and East. The Atlantic archipelagos of the...

, Spain
Spain
Spain , officially the Kingdom of Spain languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Spain's official name is as follows:;;;;;;), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula...

 and Russia
Russia
Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...

, some of which have been suppressed. In the same year they had fourteen establishments in the United States of America
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...

.

In the early twenty-first century the Lazarites numbered some 4000 worldwide, with a presence in 86 different countries. Father G. Gregory Gay III, C.M., of Baltimore
Baltimore
Baltimore is the largest independent city in the United States and the largest city and cultural center of the US state of Maryland. The city is located in central Maryland along the tidal portion of the Patapsco River, an arm of the Chesapeake Bay. Baltimore is sometimes referred to as Baltimore...

, is the incumbent worldwide superior general
Superior general
A Superior General, or General Superior, is the Superior at the head of a whole religious order or congregation.The term is mainly used as a generic term, while many orders and congregations use other specific titles, notably:* Abbot general...

 of the Congregation of the Mission, elected during the community's general assembly (June 5 - 29, 2004) in Rome
Rome
Rome is the capital of Italy and the country's largest and most populated city and comune, with over 2.7 million residents in . The city is located in the central-western portion of the Italian Peninsula, on the Tiber River within the Lazio region of Italy.Rome's history spans two and a half...

.

Opus Prize Finalist

On August 30, 2007, The Catholic University of America
The Catholic University of America
The Catholic University of America is a private university located in Washington, D.C. in the United States. It is a pontifical university of the Catholic Church in the United States and the only institution of higher education founded by the U.S. Catholic bishops...

, (with the Opus Prize 2004 Foundation, affiliated with The Opus Group), announced that it would award on November 8, a $1-million and two $100,000 Humanity
Humanitarianism
In its most general form, humanitarianism is an ethic of kindness, benevolence and sympathy extended universally and impartially to all human beings. Humanitarianism has been an evolving concept historically but universality is a common element in its evolution...

 prizes to finalists organizations which contributed to solve most persistent social problems: Father John Adams (of SOME (So Others Might Eat), which serves the poor and homeless in Washington, D.C.
Washington, D.C.
Washington, D.C., formally the District of Columbia and commonly referred to as Washington, "the District", or simply D.C., is the capital of the United States. On July 16, 1790, the United States Congress approved the creation of a permanent national capital as permitted by the U.S. Constitution....

); Brother Stan Goetschalckx, F.C., (founder and director of AHADI International Institute in Tanzania
Tanzania
The United Republic of Tanzania is a country in East Africa bordered by Kenya and Uganda to the north, Rwanda, Burundi, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the west, and Zambia, Malawi, and Mozambique to the south. The country's eastern borders lie on the Indian Ocean.Tanzania is a state...

, which educates refugees from Congo
Democratic Republic of the Congo
The Democratic Republic of the Congo is a state located in Central Africa. It is the second largest country in Africa by area and the eleventh largest in the world...

, Rwanda
Rwanda
Rwanda or , officially the Republic of Rwanda , is a country in central and eastern Africa with a population of approximately 11.4 million . Rwanda is located a few degrees south of the Equator, and is bordered by Uganda, Tanzania, Burundi and the Democratic Republic of the Congo...

 and Burundi
Burundi
Burundi , officially the Republic of Burundi , is a landlocked country in the Great Lakes region of Eastern Africa bordered by Rwanda to the north, Tanzania to the east and south, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the west. Its capital is Bujumbura...

); and Vincentian
Vincentian
Vincentian can refer to:*A citizen of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines*A person from Saint Vincent , the largest island in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines*A member of one of the Roman Catholic orders or societies in the Vincentian Family, including...

 priest
Priest
A priest is a person authorized to perform the sacred rites of a religion, especially as a mediatory agent between humans and deities. They also have the authority or power to administer religious rites; in particular, rites of sacrifice to, and propitiation of, a deity or deities...

, Fr. Bebot Carcellar, C.M. of the Vincentian Missionaries Social Development Foundation. On November 8, 2007, Rev. David M. O’Connell, CM, president of Catholic University personally bestowed these Opus Prizes at the university's Edward J. Pryzbyla University Center.

Philippines

On 2008, the Vincentian family marks its 150 years in the Philippines. It is led by Fr. Bienvenido M. Disu, CM, Provincial, Fr. Gregorio Lapus Banaga, CM, President of Adamson University
Adamson University
Adamson University is a private university Catholic university in Manila, Philippines, founded on June 30, 1932 by Greek immigrant George Lucas Adamson as the Adamson School of Industrial Chemistry...

 and Ozamiz, Mindanao
Mindanao
Mindanao is the second largest and easternmost island in the Philippines. It is also the name of one of the three island groups in the country, which consists of the island of Mindanao and smaller surrounding islands. The other two are Luzon and the Visayas. The island of Mindanao is called The...

 Archbishop
Archbishop
An archbishop is a bishop of higher rank, but not of higher sacramental order above that of the three orders of deacon, priest , and bishop...

 Jesus A. Dosado. It has a deacon, 5 incorporated brothers and 97 priests. Its most impressive work in its history is the housing program for hundreds of families specially those affected by demolitions and relocations in the Philippine North and South Railways (PNR) tracks.

The CBCP Newsletter announced on July 10, 2008, the appointment of Fr Marcelo Manimtim, C.M. as director of Paris-based Centre International de Formation (CIF). Manimtim is the first Asian
Asian people
Asian people or Asiatic people is a term with multiple meanings that refers to people who descend from a portion of Asia's population.- Central Asia :...

 to hold the office.

Housing programs

In 1991, Fr. Carcellar, C.M., was assigned to Payatas. With his "Planning for a new homeSystemic Change Strategy," he organized Philippines
Philippines
The Philippines , officially known as the Republic of the Philippines , is a country in Southeast Asia in the western Pacific Ocean. To its north across the Luzon Strait lies Taiwan. West across the South China Sea sits Vietnam...

 massive home constructions, which he began by the savings program in Payatas dumpsite. Fr. Carcellar's "The Homeless Peoples Federation Philippines, Inc. (HPFPI)" provided slum dwellers of Iloilo City
Iloilo City
The City of Iloilo is a highly urbanized city in the Philippines and the capital city of Iloilo province. It is the regional center of the Western Visayas, as well as the center of the Iloilo-Guimaras Metropolitan Area...

 and Mandaue City
Mandaue City
The City of Mandaue is a city in the province of Cebu in the Philippines. It is one of the three urbanized cities in the island and forms a part of the Cebu Metropolitan area. Mandaue City is located on the middle eastern coastal region of Cebu, bordering to its right-side are Mactan Island where...

, initiatives to survive poverty. On 2008, it promoted savings in Southeast Asia
Southeast Asia
Southeast Asia, South-East Asia, South East Asia or Southeastern Asia is a subregion of Asia, consisting of the countries that are geographically south of China, east of India, west of New Guinea and north of Australia. The region lies on the intersection of geological plates, with heavy seismic...

, since the Philippine Federation affiliated with an international network called “Slum/Shack Dwellers International.”

Another younger Vincentian was also assigned by Cardinal Gaudencio Rosales as the Coordinator of the Housing Ministry of the Archdiocese of Manila. He sits at local Inter-agency meetings in order to negotiate better houses and social services for the informal settlers, as well as livelihood programs for them. He also represents the Church in the Metro Manila Inter-agency Committee on Shelter (MMIACS)in order to access funds for, and makes policies and guidelines for the housing rights of the informal settlers of Metro Manila.

Vincentian Center for Social Responsibility (VCSR)

On September 28, 2007, Philippine Vice President Noli De Castro
Noli de Castro
Manuel Leuterio de Castro, Jr. , better known as Noli de Castro or "Kabayan" Noli de Castro, was Vice President of the Philippines ....

 welcomed the launching of the Vincentian Center for Social Responsibility ([VCSR]http://www.mb.com.ph/issues/2007/11/21/SCAU20071121108724.html) by the Adamson University. VCSR intends to engage the Adamson's academic community more deeply and directly in nation-building and directly respond to the MDG's poverty alleviation initiatives in the country. De Castro also cited the Adamson University and a Vincentian priest named [Fr. Riles]http://www.newsinfo.inquirer.net/inquirerheadlines/nation/view_article.php?article_id=6491 for their efforts in putting up the VCSR: “it is high time we introduce to students a concept of brotherhood that is not based on exclusivity ...At mas natutuwa ako na ang napili ninyong pilot community ay ang Southville relocation site sa Cabuyao (Laguna).”

VCSR is also responsible for the creation of the Vincentian Facilitators (VF), the Academic Social Responsibility (ASR), the Academic Social Entrepreneurship (ASE) and the Academic Social Journalism (ASJ) at the Vincentian-owned Adamson University. Through VCSR, the movement towards academic social networking has become a reality in the university. [VCSR]http://www.theindiancatholic.com/report.asp?nid=11640 is also responsible for organizing the [First Northville and Southville People's Congress]http://www.adamson.edu.ph/news/2008/09/news004.shtml, consisting of around 750,000 relocatees from Metro Manila and suburb cities and municipalities of Cavite, Bulacan and Laguna.

Members of the congregation

Members of the congregation include:
  • Thaddeus Amat y Brusi
    Thaddeus Amat y Brusi
    Thaddeus Amat y Brusi, C.M. was a Roman Catholic cleric who eventually became Bishop of Los Angeles, California.- Birth and Early Career:Amat was born in the Catalan capital of Barcelona, Spain on December 31, 1810. He was ordained a priest of the religious order of the Congregation of the...

     (1810-1878), first bishop of Los Angeles
    Los Ángeles
    Los Ángeles is the capital of the province of Biobío, in the commune of the same name, in Region VIII , in the center-south of Chile. It is located between the Laja and Biobío rivers. The population is 123,445 inhabitants...

  • P. Bertholon (1689-1757), physician
  • E. Bore (d. 1878), orientalist
  • P. Collet (1693-1770), writer on theology and ethics
  • Armand David
    Armand David
    Father Armand David was a Lazarist missionary Catholic priest as well as a zoologist and a botanist.-General Biography:...

     (1826-1900), Chinese missionary and traveller
  • Jean-Claude Faveyrial
    Jean-Claude Faveyrial
    Jean-Claude Faveyrial was a French Lazarite Roman Catholic priest and author of the first written History of Albania. Despite never being published, the book was nevertheless the first serious endeavour to document the history of the Albanians and their country since Antiquity...

     (1813–1893), French historian and author of the first book on the history of Albania
    History of Albania
    The history of Albania emerges from the prehistoric stage from the 4th century BC, with early records of Illyria in Greco-Roman historiography. The modern territory of Albania has no counterpart in antiquity, comprising parts of the Roman provinces of Dalmatia , Macedonia , and Moesia Superior...

  • Pierre-Marie-Alphonse Favier
    Pierre-Marie-Alphonse Favier
    Pierre-Marie-Alphonse Favier-Duperron C.M. was the controversial Roman Catholic Lazarite Vicar Apostolic of Northern Chi-Li , China Pierre-Marie-Alphonse Favier-Duperron C.M.(Chinese: 樊國樑 Pinyin:Fan Guoliang Wade-Giles: Fan Kouo-Léang) (born 22 September 1837 at Marsannay-la-Côte, France; died 4...

     (1837-1905), missionary to China
    China
    Chinese civilization may refer to:* China for more general discussion of the country.* Chinese culture* Greater China, the transnational community of ethnic Chinese.* History of China* Sinosphere, the area historically affected by Chinese culture...

    , and Vicar Apostolic of North Chihli (1898-1905)
  • Joseph Lilly
    Joseph Lilly
    Joseph L. Lilly C.M. was an American Lazarite-Vincentian priest and patristic scholar. He was one of the first editors of The Vincentian in 1923.In the 1950s Lilly became involved with the Vincentian Motor Missions.-Works:* J. L...

    , translator of the Greek New Testament into English in 1946.
  • Cardinal Stéphanos II Ghattas (1920-2009), Patriarch emeritus of Alexandria for the Copts
  • J. de la Grive (1689-1757), geographer
  • Évariste Régis Huc
    Évariste Régis Huc
    Évariste Régis Huc, or Abbé Huc, was a French missionary traveller, famous for his accounts of China, Tartary and Tibet. Since the travels of the Englishman, Thomas Manning, in Tibet , no European had visited Lhasa...

     (1813-1860), missionary
    Missionary
    A missionary is a member of a religious group sent into an area to do evangelism or ministries of service, such as education, literacy, social justice, health care and economic development. The word "mission" originates from 1598 when the Jesuits sent members abroad, derived from the Latin...

     and traveller
  • Teodorico Pedrini
    Teodorico Pedrini
    Teodorico Pedrini was an Italian priest, missionary, musician and composer.Pedrini was born in Fermo, Italy. He was the founder of the Xizhimen Church in Beijing...

     (1671-1746), Chinese missionary and musician
  • Stafford Poole
    Stafford Poole
    The Reverend Stafford Poole, C.M., is a priest, full-time research historian, formerly a history professor and president of St. John's Seminary College in Camarillo, California. He is known for his extensive writings about the Virgin of Guadalupe.Poole was born in Oxnard, California, the son of...

     (1936-), historian
  • Cardinal Franc Rode (1934-), Prefect of the Congregation for Institutes of Consecrated Life and Societies of Apostolic Life
    Congregation for Institutes of Consecrated Life and Societies of Apostolic Life
    The Congregation for Institutes of Consecrated Life and Societies of Apostolic Life is the congregation of the Roman Curia responsible for everything which concerns institutes of consecrated life and Society of Apostolic Life regarding their government, discipline, studies, goods, rights, and...

  • Joseph Rosati
    Joseph Rosati
    Joseph Rosati was a U.S. Catholic bishop. He served as the first Bishop of the Diocese of Saint Louis between 1826 and 1843....

     (1789-1843), first bishop of St. Louis, Missouri
    St. Louis, Missouri
    St. Louis is an independent city on the eastern border of Missouri, United States. With a population of 319,294, it was the 58th-largest U.S. city at the 2010 U.S. Census. The Greater St...

  • David M. O'Connell (1955-), Bishop of Trenton
  • Aba Shlimon (aka Pere Desire Solomon, Khwaja Shlimon) late 19th c. Urmia, Persia, an Assyrian scholar

Universities

The Order runs the following institutions of higher education:
  • Adamson University
    Adamson University
    Adamson University is a private university Catholic university in Manila, Philippines, founded on June 30, 1932 by Greek immigrant George Lucas Adamson as the Adamson School of Industrial Chemistry...

     (Philippines)
  • DePaul University
    DePaul University
    DePaul University is a private institution of higher education and research in Chicago, Illinois. Founded by the Vincentians in 1898, the university takes its name from the 17th century French priest Saint Vincent de Paul...

     (United States)
  • Niagara University
    Niagara University
    Niagara University is a Catholic university in the Vincentian tradition, located in the Town of Lewiston in Niagara County, New York. Originally founded by the Congregation of the Mission in 1856 as Our Lady of Angels Seminary, it became Niagara University in 1883. The University is still run by...

     (United States)
  • St. John's University
    St. John's University (New York City)
    St. John's University is a private, Roman Catholic, coeducational university located in New York City, United States. Founded by the Congregation of the Mission in 1870, the school was originally located in the borough of Brooklyn in the neighborhood of Bedford–Stuyvesant...

     (United States)
  • Universidad de Sta. Isabel (Philippines)
  • Santa Isabel College, Manila
    Santa Isabel College, Manila
    Santa Isabel College is a former all girls Catholic school and university in Ermita in the city of Manila, Philippines , offering courses at the primary, secondary, and post-secondary levels...

     (Philippines)


Institutions formerly run by the Order:
  • St. Mary's University College
    St. Mary's University College
    St. Mary's University College may mean:* St. Mary's University College , Northern Ireland, UK* St. Mary's University College, Calgary, Canada* St. Mary's University College , England, UK...

    , Twickenham
    Twickenham
    Twickenham is a large suburban town southwest of central London. It is the administrative headquarters of the London Borough of Richmond upon Thames and one of the locally important district centres identified in the London Plan...

     (United Kingdom)

External links

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