This is a list of the mammal species recorded in Central America. Central America

Central America

Central America is the central geographic region of the Americas. It is the southernmost, isthmian portion of the North American continent, which connects with South America on the southeast. When considered part of the unified continental model, it is considered a subcontinent...

 is usually defined as the southernmost extension of North America

North America

North America is a continent wholly within the Northern Hemisphere and almost wholly within the Western Hemisphere. It is also considered a northern subcontinent of the Americas...

; however, from a biological standpoint it is useful to view it as a separate region of the Americas

Americas

The Americas, or America , are lands in the Western hemisphere, also known as the New World. In English, the plural form the Americas is often used to refer to the landmasses of North America and South America with their associated islands and regions, while the singular form America is primarily...

. Central America is distinct from the remainder of North America in being a tropical

Tropics

The tropics is a region of the Earth surrounding the Equator. It is limited in latitude by the Tropic of Cancer in the northern hemisphere at approximately  N and the Tropic of Capricorn in the southern hemisphere at  S; these latitudes correspond to the axial tilt of the Earth...

 region, part of the Neotropic ecozone, whose flora and fauna display a strong South America

South America

South America is a continent situated in the Western Hemisphere, mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere. The continent is also considered a subcontinent of the Americas. It is bordered on the west by the Pacific Ocean and on the north and east...

n influence. The rest of North America is mostly subtropical or temperate, belongs to the Nearctic ecozone, and has many fewer species of South American origin.

At present Central America bridges North and South America, facilitating migrations in both directions, but this phenomenon is relatively recent from a geological perspective. The formation of this land bridge through volcanic activity three million years ago precipitated the Great American Interchange

Great American Interchange

The Great American Interchange was an important paleozoogeographic event in which land and freshwater fauna migrated from North America via Central America to South America and vice versa, as the volcanic Isthmus of Panama rose up from the sea floor and bridged the formerly separated continents...

, an important biogeographical

Biogeography

Biogeography is the study of the distribution of species , organisms, and ecosystems in space and through geological time. Organisms and biological communities vary in a highly regular fashion along geographic gradients of latitude, elevation, isolation and habitat area...

 event. In part because of this history, Central America is extremely biodiverse

Biodiversity

Biodiversity is the degree of variation of life forms within a given ecosystem, biome, or an entire planet. Biodiversity is a measure of the health of ecosystems. Biodiversity is in part a function of climate. In terrestrial habitats, tropical regions are typically rich whereas polar regions...

; it comprises most of the Mesoamerican biodiversity hotspot

Biodiversity hotspot

A biodiversity hotspot is a biogeographic region with a significant reservoir of biodiversity that is under threat from humans.The concept of biodiversity hotspots was originated by Norman Myers in two articles in “The Environmentalist” , revised after thorough analysis by Myers and others in...

. The mountains running down the spine of Central America have also contributed to biodiversity by creating montane

Montane

In biogeography, montane is the highland area located below the subalpine zone. Montane regions generally have cooler temperatures and often have higher rainfall than the adjacent lowland regions, and are frequently home to distinct communities of plants and animals.The term "montane" means "of the...

 habitats, including cloud forest

Cloud forest

A cloud forest, also called a fog forest, is a generally tropical or subtropical evergreen montane moist forest characterized by a persistent, frequent or seasonal low-level cloud cover, usually at the canopy level. Cloud forests often exhibit an abundance of mosses covering the ground and...

s and grasslands

Costa Rican páramo

The Costa Rican páramo, also known as the Talamanca páramo, is a montane grassland and shrubland of Costa Rica and western Panama.-Setting:...

, and by separating species from the lowland

Lowland

In physical geography, a lowland is any broad expanse of land with a general low level. The term is thus applied to the landward portion of the upward slope from oceanic depths to continental highlands, to a region of depression in the interior of a mountainous region, to a plain of denudation, or...

s along the Pacific

Pacific Ocean

The Pacific Ocean is the largest of the Earth's oceanic divisions. It extends from the Arctic in the north to the Southern Ocean in the south, bounded by Asia and Australia in the west, and the Americas in the east.At 165.2 million square kilometres in area, this largest division of the World...

 and Caribbean

Caribbean Sea

The Caribbean Sea is a sea of the Atlantic Ocean located in the tropics of the Western hemisphere. It is bounded by Mexico and Central America to the west and southwest, to the north by the Greater Antilles, and to the east by the Lesser Antilles....

 coasts. However, Central America's biodiversity suffered a blow in the Quaternary extinction event

Quaternary extinction event

The Quaternary period saw the extinctions of numerous predominantly larger, especially megafaunal, species, many of which occurred during the transition from the Pleistocene to the Holocene epoch. However, the extinction wave did not stop at the end of the Pleistocene, but continued especially on...

, which started around 12500 cal BP, at roughly the time of arrival of Paleoindians; much of the megafauna

Pleistocene megafauna

Pleistocene megafauna is the set of species of large animals — mammals, birds and reptiles — that lived on Earth during the Pleistocene epoch and became extinct in a Quaternary extinction event. These species appear to have died off as humans expanded out of Africa and southern Asia,...

 died out at this time. The effects of modern human activities on climate

Global warming

Global warming refers to the rising average temperature of Earth's atmosphere and oceans and its projected continuation. In the last 100 years, Earth's average surface temperature increased by about with about two thirds of the increase occurring over just the last three decades...

 and ecosystem

Ecosystem

An ecosystem is a biological environment consisting of all the organisms living in a particular area, as well as all the nonliving , physical components of the environment with which the organisms interact, such as air, soil, water and sunlight....

 integrity pose a further threat to Central America's fauna

Fauna

Fauna or faunæ is all of the animal life of any particular region or time. The corresponding term for plants is flora.Zoologists and paleontologists use fauna to refer to a typical collection of animals found in a specific time or place, e.g. the "Sonoran Desert fauna" or the "Burgess shale fauna"...

.

The list consists of those mammal

Mammal

Mammals are members of a class of air-breathing vertebrate animals characterised by the possession of endothermy, hair, three middle ear bones, and mammary glands functional in mothers with young...

 species found from the Isthmus of Tehuantepec

Isthmus of Tehuantepec

The Isthmus of Tehuantepec is an isthmus in Mexico. It represents the shortest distance between the Gulf of Mexico and the Pacific Ocean, and prior to the opening of the Panama Canal was a major shipping route known simply as the Tehuantepec Route...

 to the northwestern border of Colombia

Colombia

Colombia, officially the Republic of Colombia , is a unitary constitutional republic comprising thirty-two departments. The country is located in northwestern South America, bordered to the east by Venezuela and Brazil; to the south by Ecuador and Peru; to the north by the Caribbean Sea; to the...

, a region including the Mexican states of Chiapas

Chiapas

Chiapas officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Chiapas is one of the 31 states that, with the Federal District, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico. It is divided in 118 municipalities and its capital city is Tuxtla Gutierrez. Other important cites in Chiapas include San Cristóbal de las...

, Tabasco

Tabasco

Tabasco officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Tabasco is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico. It is divided in 17 municipalities and its capital city is Villahermosa....

, Campeche

Campeche

Campeche is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico. Located in Southeast Mexico, it is bordered by the states of Yucatán to the north east, Quintana Roo to the east, and Tabasco to the south west...

, Yucatán

Yucatán

Yucatán officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Yucatán is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico. It is divided in 106 municipalities and its capital city is Mérida....

 and Quintana Roo

Quintana Roo

Quintana Roo officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Quintana Roo is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico. It is divided in 10 municipalities and its capital city is Chetumal....

, and the nations of Belize

Belize

Belize is a constitutional monarchy and the northernmost country in Central America. Belize has a diverse society, comprising many cultures and languages. Even though Kriol and Spanish are spoken among the population, Belize is the only country in Central America where English is the official...

, Guatemala

Guatemala

Guatemala is a country in Central America bordered by Mexico to the north and west, the Pacific Ocean to the southwest, Belize to the northeast, the Caribbean to the east, and Honduras and El Salvador to the southeast...

, El Salvador

El Salvador

El Salvador or simply Salvador is the smallest and the most densely populated country in Central America. The country's capital city and largest city is San Salvador; Santa Ana and San Miguel are also important cultural and commercial centers in the country and in all of Central America...

, Honduras

Honduras

Honduras is a republic in Central America. It was previously known as Spanish Honduras to differentiate it from British Honduras, which became the modern-day state of Belize...

, Nicaragua

Nicaragua

Nicaragua is the largest country in the Central American American isthmus, bordered by Honduras to the north and Costa Rica to the south. The country is situated between 11 and 14 degrees north of the Equator in the Northern Hemisphere, which places it entirely within the tropics. The Pacific Ocean...

, Costa Rica

Costa Rica

Costa Rica , officially the Republic of Costa Rica is a multilingual, multiethnic and multicultural country in Central America, bordered by Nicaragua to the north, Panama to the southeast, the Pacific Ocean to the west and the Caribbean Sea to the east....

 and Panama

Panama

Panama , officially the Republic of Panama , is the southernmost country of Central America. Situated on the isthmus connecting North and South America, it is bordered by Costa Rica to the northwest, Colombia to the southeast, the Caribbean Sea to the north and the Pacific Ocean to the south. The...

. As of 4 March 2009, the list had 359 entries. Of these species, 1 is critically endangered or extinct

Extinction

In biology and ecology, extinction is the end of an organism or of a group of organisms , normally a species. The moment of extinction is generally considered to be the death of the last individual of the species, although the capacity to breed and recover may have been lost before this point...

, 11 are critically endangered

Critically endangered

Version 2010.3 of the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species identified 3744 Critically Endangered species, subspecies and varieties, stocks and subpopulations.Critically Endangered by kingdom:*1993 Animalia*2 Fungi*1745 Plantae*4 Protista-References:...

, 12 are endangered

Endangered species

An endangered species is a population of organisms which is at risk of becoming extinct because it is either few in numbers, or threatened by changing environmental or predation parameters...

, 17.5 are vulnerable

Vulnerable species

On 30 January 2010, the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species identified 9694 Vulnerable species, subspecies and varieties, stocks and sub-populations.-References:...

, 20 are near-threatened

Near Threatened

Near Threatened is a conservation status assigned to species or lower taxa that may be considered threatened with extinction in the near future, although it does not currently qualify for the threatened status...

, and 33.5 are data-deficient

Data Deficient

Data Deficient is a category applied by the IUCN, other agencies, and individuals to a species when the available information is not sufficient for a proper assessment of conservation status to be made...

. Mammal species presumed extinct since AD 1500 (two cases) are included. Introduced species

Introduced species

An introduced species — or neozoon, alien, exotic, non-indigenous, or non-native species, or simply an introduction, is a species living outside its indigenous or native distributional range, and has arrived in an ecosystem or plant community by human activity, either deliberate or accidental...

 are not listed.

NOTE: this list is almost inevitably going to be incomplete, since new species are continually being recognized via discovery or reclassification. Places to check for missing species include the Wikipedia missing mammal species list, including recently removed entries, and the species listings in the articles for mammalian genera, especially those of small mammals such as rodents or bats.

The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed by the IUCN

World Conservation Union

The International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources is an international organization dedicated to finding "pragmatic solutions to our most pressing environment and development challenges." The organization publishes the IUCN Red List, compiling information from a network of...

:

EX	Extinct Extinction In biology and ecology, extinction is the end of an organism or of a group of organisms , normally a species. The moment of extinction is generally considered to be the death of the last individual of the species, although the capacity to breed and recover may have been lost before this point...	No reasonable doubt that the last individual has died.
EW	Extinct in the Wild Extinct in the Wild Extinct in the Wild is a conservation status assigned to species or lower taxa, the only known living members of which are being kept in captivity or as a naturalized population outside its historic range.-Examples:...	Known only to survive in captivity or as a naturalized population well outside its historic range.
CR	Critically Endangered Critically Endangered Critically Endangered is the highest risk category assigned by the IUCN Red List for wild species. Critically Endangered means that a species' numbers have decreased, or will decrease, by 80% within three generations....	The species is facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild.
EN	Endangered Endangered species An endangered species is a population of organisms which is at risk of becoming extinct because it is either few in numbers, or threatened by changing environmental or predation parameters...	The species is facing a very high risk of extinction in the wild.
VU	Vulnerable Vulnerable species On 30 January 2010, the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species identified 9694 Vulnerable species, subspecies and varieties, stocks and sub-populations.-References:...	The species is facing a high risk of extinction in the wild.
NT	Near Threatened Near Threatened Near Threatened is a conservation status assigned to species or lower taxa that may be considered threatened with extinction in the near future, although it does not currently qualify for the threatened status...	The species does not currently qualify as being at high risk of extinction but it is likely to do so in the future.
LC	Least Concern Least Concern Least Concern is an IUCN category assigned to extant taxon or lower taxa which have been evaluated but do not qualify for any other category. As such they do not qualify as threatened, Near Threatened, or Conservation Dependent...	The species is not currently at risk of extinction in the wild.
DD	Data Deficient Data Deficient Data Deficient is a category applied by the IUCN, other agencies, and individuals to a species when the available information is not sufficient for a proper assessment of conservation status to be made...	There is inadequate information to assess the risk of extinction for this species.

The IUCN status of the listed species was last updated during the period from November 2008 to March 2009.

Infraclass: Metatheria

Metatheria

Metatheria is a grouping within the animal class Mammalia. First proposed by Thomas Henry Huxley in 1880, it is nearly synonymous with the earlier taxon Marsupialia though it is slightly wider since it also contains the nearest fossil relatives of marsupial mammals.The earliest known...

Marsupial

Marsupial

Marsupials are an infraclass of mammals, characterized by giving birth to relatively undeveloped young. Close to 70% of the 334 extant species occur in Australia, New Guinea, and nearby islands, with the remaining 100 found in the Americas, primarily in South America, but with thirteen in Central...

s are an infraclass

Class (biology)

In biological classification, class is* a taxonomic rank. Other well-known ranks are life, domain, kingdom, phylum, order, family, genus, and species, with class fitting between phylum and order...

 of pouched

Pouch (marsupial)

The pouch is a distinguishing feature of female marsupials ; the name marsupial is derived from the Latin marsupium, meaning "pouch". Marsupials give birth to a live but relatively undeveloped fetus called a joey. When the joey is born it crawls from inside the mother to the pouch...

 mammals that was once more widely distributed. Today they are found primarily in isolated or formerly isolated continents of Gondwana

Gondwana

In paleogeography, Gondwana , originally Gondwanaland, was the southernmost of two supercontinents that later became parts of the Pangaea supercontinent. It existed from approximately 510 to 180 million years ago . Gondwana is believed to have sutured between ca. 570 and 510 Mya,...

n origin. Those of Central America are relatively recent immigrants from South America. Central America's 10 extant genera compares with 22 in South America, 1 in North America north of Mexico, 52 in Australia, 28 in New Guinea and 2 in Sulawesi. South American marsupials are thought to be ancestral to those of Australia.

Order: Didelphimorphia

Didelphimorphia

Opossums make up the largest order of marsupials in the Western Hemisphere, including 103 or more species in 19 genera. They are also commonly called possums, though that term technically refers to Australian fauna of the suborder Phalangeriformes. The Virginia opossum was the first animal to be...

 (common opossums)

----

Didelphimorphia is the order of common opossums of the Western Hemisphere

Western Hemisphere

The Western Hemisphere or western hemisphere is mainly used as a geographical term for the half of the Earth that lies west of the Prime Meridian and east of the Antimeridian , the other half being called the Eastern Hemisphere.In this sense, the western hemisphere consists of the western portions...

. Opossums probably diverged from the basic South America

South America

South America is a continent situated in the Western Hemisphere, mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere. The continent is also considered a subcontinent of the Americas. It is bordered on the west by the Pacific Ocean and on the north and east...

n marsupial

Marsupial

Marsupials are an infraclass of mammals, characterized by giving birth to relatively undeveloped young. Close to 70% of the 334 extant species occur in Australia, New Guinea, and nearby islands, with the remaining 100 found in the Americas, primarily in South America, but with thirteen in Central...

s in the late Cretaceous

Cretaceous

The Cretaceous , derived from the Latin "creta" , usually abbreviated K for its German translation Kreide , is a geologic period and system from circa to million years ago. In the geologic timescale, the Cretaceous follows the Jurassic period and is followed by the Paleogene period of the...

 or early Paleocene

Paleocene

The Paleocene or Palaeocene, the "early recent", is a geologic epoch that lasted from about . It is the first epoch of the Palaeogene Period in the modern Cenozoic Era...

.They are small to medium-sized marsupials, about the size of a large house cat

Cat

The cat , also known as the domestic cat or housecat to distinguish it from other felids and felines, is a small, usually furry, domesticated, carnivorous mammal that is valued by humans for its companionship and for its ability to hunt vermin and household pests...

, with a long snout and prehensile tail

Prehensile tail

A prehensile tail is the tail of an animal that has adapted to be able to grasp and/or hold objects. Fully prehensile tails can be used to hold and manipulate objects, and in particular to aid arboreal creatures in finding and eating food in the trees...

.

• Family: Didelphidae (American opossums)
  • Subfamily: Caluromyinae
    Caluromyinae
    Caluromyinae is a subfamily of opossums. It includes the extant genera Caluromys, Caluromysiops and Glironia, as well as the extinct Pachybiotherium. It has sometimes been classed as a full family, Caluromyidae....
    
    
    • Genus: Caluromys
      • Derby's Woolly Opossum Caluromys derbianus LC
  • Subfamily: Didelphinae
    Didelphinae
    Didelphinae is a subfamily of opossums. Specimens have been collected throughout the Americas but are predominant in South and Central America....
    
    
    • Genus: Chironectes
      • Water Opossum
        Water Opossum
        The water opossum , also locally known as the yapok, is a marsupial of the family Didelphidae. It is the only member of its genus, Chironectes...
        
         Chironectes minimus LC
    • Genus: Didelphis
      Didelphis
      The six species in the genus Didelphis, commonly known as large American opossums, are members of the Didelphimorphia order....
      
      
      • Common Opossum
        Common Opossum
        The common opossum , also called the southern or black-eared opossum, is a mammal species living from the northeast of Mexico to Bolivia, including the Lesser Antilles, where it is called manicou. It prefers the woods, but can also live in fields and cities...
        
         Didelphis marsupialis LC
      • Virginia Opossum
        Virginia Opossum
        The Virginia opossum , commonly known as the North American opossum or tlacuache in Mexico, is the only marsupial found in North America north of Mexico. A solitary and nocturnal animal about the size of a domestic cat, and thus the largest opossum, it is a successful opportunist...
        
         Didelphis virginiana LC
    • Genus: Marmosa
      • Subgenus: Marmosa
        Marmosa
        The nine species in the genus Marmosa are relatively small Neotropic members of the order Didelphimorphia. This genus is one of four that are known as mouse opossums. The others are Micoureus , Thylamys and Tlacuatzin, the grayish mouse opossum...
        
        
        • Isthmian Mouse Opossum
          Isthmian mouse opossum
          The Isthmian Mouse Opossum is a species of opossum in the family Didelphidae found in Colombia and Panama.Foraging along branches and vines for fruit and insects, with the help of a prehensile tail, M...
          
           Marmosa isthmica
        • Mexican Mouse Opossum
          Mexican Mouse Opossum
          The Mexican mouse opossum is a species of Central American opossum in the family Didelphidae.-Range:It is found in Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, eastern Mexico as far north as Tamaulipas, Nicaragua, and western Panama at elevations from sea level up to 3000 m ; most...
          
           Marmosa mexicana LC
        • Robinson's Mouse Opossum
          Robinson's Mouse Opossum
          Robinson's Mouse Opossum is a species of opossum in the Didelphidae family.It is found in Belize, Colombia, Ecuador, Grenada, Honduras, Panama, Peru, Trinidad and Tobago, and Venezuela....
          
           Marmosa robinsoni LC
        • Marmosa zeledoni
      • Subgenus: Micoureus
        Micoureus
        Micoureus is a genus of Neotropic opossums of the family Didelphidae. It includes the following species:* Alston's Mouse Opossum * White-bellied Woolly Mouse Opossum...
        
        
        • Alston's Mouse Opossum
          Alston's Mouse Opossum
          Alston's Mouse Opossum , also known as Alston's Opossum, is a medium sized pouchless marsupial of the family Didelphidae. It is arboreal and nocturnal, inhabiting forests from Belize to northern Colombia. The main components of its diet are insects and fruits, but it may also eat small rodents,...
          
           Marmosa alstoni LC
    • Genus: Marmosops
      Marmosops
      Marmosops is a genus of Neotropic opossums of the family Didelphidae. It includes the following species:* Genus Marmosops** Bishop's Slender Opossum ** Narrow-headed Slender Opossum...
      
      
      • Panama Slender Opossum
        Panama Slender Opossum
        The Panama slender opossum , also known as the slaty slender mouse opossum, is a species of opossum in the family Didelphidae. It is endemic to Panama, where it has been found in tropical rainforest habitats, including disturbed areas, at elevations from 500 to 1500 m. This opossum is mostly...
        
         Marmosops invictus LC
    • Genus: Metachirus
      • Brown Four-eyed Opossum
        Brown Four-eyed Opossum
        The Brown Four-eyed Opossum is a pouchless marsupial of the family Didelphidae. It is found in different forested habitats of Central and South America, from Nicaragua and to Paraguay and northern Argentina...
        
         Metachirus nudicaudatus LC
    • Genus: Monodelphis
      • Sepia Short-tailed Opossum
        Sepia Short-tailed Opossum
        The Sepia Short-tailed Opossum is a species of opossum in the Didelphidae family. It is found in Colombia, Ecuador, Panama, and Peru....
        
         Monodelphis adusta LC
    • Genus: Philander
      Gray and black four-eyed opossum
      The seven species in the genus Philander, commonly known as gray and black four-eyed opossums, are members of the order Didelphimorphia. Mature females have a well-developed marsupium. The tail appears to be hairless except for the proximal 5 or 6 cm, which has a few long hairs...
      
      
      • Gray Four-eyed Opossum
        Gray Four-eyed Opossum
        The gray four-eyed opossum, Philander opossum, is an opossum species from Central and South America, ranging from southern Mexico to Peru, Bolivia and southwestern Brazil, at altitudes from sea level to 1600 m...
        
         Philander opossum LC
    • Genus: Tlacuatzin
      Grayish Mouse Opossum
      The grayish mouse opossum is a species of opossum in the family Didelphidae, and is the sole member of the genus Tlacuatzin....
      
      
      • Grayish Mouse Opossum
        Grayish Mouse Opossum
        The grayish mouse opossum is a species of opossum in the family Didelphidae, and is the sole member of the genus Tlacuatzin....
        
         Tlacuatzin canescens LC

Order: Sirenia

Sirenia

Sirenia is an order of fully aquatic, herbivorous mammals that inhabit swamps, rivers, estuaries, marine wetlands, and coastal marine waters. Four species are living, in two families and genera. These are the dugong and manatees...

 (manatees and dugongs)

----
Sirenia is an order of fully aquatic, herbivorous mammals that inhabit rivers, estuaries, coastal marine waters, swamps, and marine wetlands. All four extant species are endangered. The manatees are the only extant afrotheria

Afrotheria

Afrotheria is a clade of mammals, the living members of which belong to groups from Africa or of African origin: golden moles, sengis , tenrecs, aardvarks, hyraxes, elephants and sea cows. The common ancestry of these animals was not recognized until the late 1990s...

ns in the Americas. However, a number proboscid

Proboscidea

Proboscidea is a taxonomic order containing one living family, Elephantidae, and several extinct families. This order was first described by J. Illiger in 1881 and encompasses the trunked mammals...

 species, some of which survived until the arrival of Paleoindians, once inhabited the region. Mammoths

Columbian Mammoth

The Columbian Mammoth is an extinct species of elephant of the Quaternary period that appeared in North America during the late Pleistocene. It is believed by some authorities to be the same species as its slightly larger cousin, M...

, mastodons

American mastodon

The American mastodon is an extinct North American proboscidean that lived from about 3.7 million years ago until about 10,000 BC. It was the last surviving member of the mastodon family. Fossil finds range from present-day Alaska and New England in the north, to Florida, southern...

 and gomphothere

Gomphothere

Gomphotheriidae is a diverse taxonomic family of extinct elephant-like animals , called gomphotheres. They were widespread in North America during the Miocene and Pliocene epochs, 12-1.6 million years ago. Some lived in parts of Eurasia, Beringia and, following the Great American Interchange,...

s all reached Central America.

• Family: Trichechidae
  • • Genus: Trichechus
      • West Indian Manatee
        West Indian Manatee
        The West Indian Manatee is a manatee, and the largest surviving member of the aquatic mammal order Sirenia . The West Indian Manatee, Trichechus manatus, is a species distinct from the Amazonian Manatee, T. inunguis, and the West African Manatee, T. senegalensis...
        
         Trichechus manatus VU

Order: Cingulata (armadillos)

----
The armadillos are small mammals with a bony armored shell. Two of 21 extant species are present in Central America; the remainder are only found in South America, where they originated. Their much larger relatives, the pampatheres

Pampatheriidae

Pampatheridae is an ancient family, now extinct, of large armadillo-like plantigrade armored xenarthrans. They are related to Glyptodontidae, an extinct family of much larger and more heavily armored xenarthrans, as well as to smaller extant armadillos...

 and glyptodonts

Glyptodontidae

Glyptodonts were large, more heavily armored relatives of extinct pampatheres and modern armadillos.They first evolved during the Miocene in South America, which remained their center of species diversity...

, once lived in North and South America but went extinct following the appearance of humans.

• Family: Dasypodidae (armadillos)
  • Subfamily: Dasypodinae
    • Genus: Dasypus
      Dasypus
      Dasypus is a genus of armadillo in the Dasypodidae family. It is the only genus in the subfamily Dasypodinae and contains the following species:*Nine-banded Armadillo, Dasypus novemcinctus*Seven-banded Armadillo, Dasypus septemcinctus...
      
      
      • Nine-banded Armadillo
        Nine-banded Armadillo
        The nine-banded armadillo , or the nine-banded, long-nosed armadillo, is a species of armadillo found in North, Central, and South America, making it the most widespread of the armadillos...
        
         Dasypus novemcinctus LC
  • Subfamily: Tolypeutinae
    Tolypeutinae
    Tolypeutinae is a subfamily of armadillo in the Dasypodidae family. It contains the following three extant genera:Kuntinaru*Cabassous*Priodontes*Tolypeutes...
    
    
    • Genus: Cabassous
      Cabassous
      Cabassous is a genus of armadillo in the Dasypodidae family. It contains the following species:*Northern Naked-tailed Armadillo, Cabassous centralis*Chacoan Naked-tailed Armadillo, Cabassous chacoensis...
      
      
      • Northern Naked-tailed Armadillo
        Northern Naked-tailed Armadillo
        The Northern Naked-tailed Armadillo is a species of armadillo. It is found from Chiapas in southern Mexico to western Colombia, northwestern Ecuador and northwestern Venezuela, at altitudes from sea level to 3000 m...
        
         Cabassous centralis DD

Order: Pilosa

Pilosa

The order Pilosa is a group of placental mammals, extant today only in the Americas. It includes the anteaters and sloths, including the recently extinct ground sloths....

 (sloths and anteaters)

----
The order Pilosa is confined to the Americas and contains the tree sloth

Sloth

Sloths are the six species of medium-sized mammals belonging to the families Megalonychidae and Bradypodidae , part of the order Pilosa and therefore related to armadillos and anteaters, which sport a similar set of specialized claws.They are arboreal residents of the jungles of Central and South...

s and anteater

Anteater

Anteaters, also known as antbear, are the four mammal species of the suborder Vermilingua commonly known for eating ants and termites. Together with the sloths, they compose the order Pilosa...

s (which include the tamandua

Tamandua

Tamandua is a genus of anteaters. It has two members: the Southern Tamandua and the Northern Tamandua . They live in forests and grasslands, are semi-arboreal, and possess partially prehensile tails. They mainly eat ants and termites, but they occasionally eat bees, beetles, and insect larvae...

s). Although their ancestral home is South America, all 5 extant genera and 6 of 10 extant species are present in Central America. Numerous ground sloth

Ground sloth

Ground sloths are a diverse group of extinct sloths, in the mammalian superorder Xenarthra. Their most recent survivors lived in the Antilles, where it has been proposed they may have survived until 1550 CE; however, the youngest AMS radiocarbon date reported is 4190 BP, calibrated to c. 4700 BP...

s, some of which reached the size of elephants, were once present in both North and South America, as well as the Antilles

Antilles

The Antilles islands form the greater part of the West Indies in the Caribbean Sea. The Antilles are divided into two major groups: the "Greater Antilles" to the north and west, including the larger islands of Cuba, Jamaica, Hispaniola , and Puerto Rico; and the smaller "Lesser Antilles" on the...

, but all went extinct following the arrival of humans.

• Suborder: Folivora
  • Family: Bradypodidae (three-toed sloths)
    • Genus: Bradypus
      • Pygmy Three-toed Sloth
        Pygmy Three-toed Sloth
        The Pygmy Three-toed Sloth is a three-toed sloth. It is endemic to Isla Escudo de Veraguas, an island off the coast of Panama, which separated from the mainland nearly 8900 years ago. The species is thought to have originated from isolation of individuals from the mainland population of Bradypus...
        
         Bradypus pygmaeus CR
      • Brown-throated Sloth Bradypus variegatus LC
  • Family: Megalonychidae
    Megalonychidae
    Megalonychidae is a group of sloths including the extinct Megalonyx and the living two toed sloths. Megalonychids first appeared in the early Oligocene, about 35 million years ago, in southern Argentina , and spread as far as the Antilles by the early Miocene...
    
     (two-toed sloths)
    • Genus: Choloepus
      • Hoffmann's Two-toed Sloth
        Hoffmann's Two-toed Sloth
        Hoffmann's two-toed sloth is a species of sloth from Central and South America. It is a solitary nocturnal and arboreal animal, found in mature and secondary rainforests and deciduous forests...
        
         Choloepus hoffmanni LC
• Suborder: Vermilingua
  • Family: Cyclopedidae
    Cyclopedidae
    Cyclopedidae is a family of anteaters that includes the silky anteater and its extinct relatives....
    
     (silky anteaters)
    • Genus: Cyclopes
      • Silky Anteater
        Silky Anteater
        The Silky Anteater or Pygmy Anteater is a species of anteater from Central and South America, ranging from extreme southern Mexico south to Brazil Delta Amacuro Venezuela and possibly Paraguay...
        
         Cyclopes didactylus LC
  • Family: Myrmecophagidae
    Myrmecophagidae
    Myrmecophagidae is a family of anteaters, the name being derived from the Ancient Greek words for 'ant' and 'eat' . Myrmecophagids are native to Central and South America, from southern Mexico to northern Argentina. There are 2 genera and 3 species in the family, consisting of the Giant Anteater,...
    
     (American anteaters)
    • Genus: Myrmecophaga
      • Giant Anteater
        Giant Anteater
        The Giant Anteater, Myrmecophaga tridactyla, is the largest species of anteater. It is the only species in the genus Myrmecophaga. It is found in Central and South America from Honduras to northern Argentina...
        
         Myrmecophaga tridactyla VU
    • Genus: Tamandua
      Tamandua
      Tamandua is a genus of anteaters. It has two members: the Southern Tamandua and the Northern Tamandua . They live in forests and grasslands, are semi-arboreal, and possess partially prehensile tails. They mainly eat ants and termites, but they occasionally eat bees, beetles, and insect larvae...
      
      
      • Northern Tamandua
        Northern Tamandua
        The northern tamandua is a species of tamandua, a small anteater in the family Myrmecophagidae. They live in tropical and subtropical forests from southern Mexico, through Central America, and to the edge of the northern Andes....
        
         Tamandua mexicana LC

Order: Primates

----

The order Primates includes the lemur

Lemur

Lemurs are a clade of strepsirrhine primates endemic to the island of Madagascar. They are named after the lemures of Roman mythology due to the ghostly vocalizations, reflective eyes, and the nocturnal habits of some species...

s, monkey

Monkey

A monkey is a primate, either an Old World monkey or a New World monkey. There are about 260 known living species of monkey. Many are arboreal, although there are species that live primarily on the ground, such as baboons. Monkeys are generally considered to be intelligent. Unlike apes, monkeys...

s, and ape

Ape

Apes are Old World anthropoid mammals, more specifically a clade of tailless catarrhine primates, belonging to the biological superfamily Hominoidea. The apes are native to Africa and South-east Asia, although in relatively recent times humans have spread all over the world...

s, with the latter category including humans. It is divided into four main groupings: strepsirrhine

Strepsirrhini

The clade Strepsirrhini is one of the two suborders of primates. Madagascar's only non-human primates are strepsirrhines, and others can be found in southeast Asia and Africa...

s, tarsier

Tarsier

Tarsiers are haplorrhine primates of the genus Tarsius, a genus in the family Tarsiidae, which is itself the lone extant family within the infraorder Tarsiiformes...

s, monkeys of the New World

New World monkey

New World monkeys are the five families of primates that are found in Central and South America: Callitrichidae, Cebidae, Aotidae, Pitheciidae, and Atelidae. The five families are ranked together as the Platyrrhini parvorder and the Ceboidea superfamily, which are essentially synonymous since...

 (parvorder

Order (biology)

In scientific classification used in biology, the order is# a taxonomic rank used in the classification of organisms. Other well-known ranks are life, domain, kingdom, phylum, class, family, genus, and species, with order fitting in between class and family...

 Platyrrhini), and monkeys and apes of the Old World

Catarrhini

Catarrhini is one of the two subdivisions of the higher primates . It contains the Old World monkeys and the apes, which in turn are further divided into the lesser apes or gibbons and the great apes, consisting of the orangutans, gorillas, chimpanzees, bonobos, and humans...

. Central America's 6 genera of nonhuman primates compares with 19 in South America, 15 in Madagascar, 23 in Africa and 17 in Asia. Central American monkeys are recent immigrants from South America, where their ancestors arrived after rafting over

Rafting event

Oceanic dispersal is a type of biological dispersal that occurs when organisms transfer from one land mass to another by way of a sea crossing on large clumps of floating vegetation. Such matted clumps of vegetation are often seen floating down major rivers in the tropics and washing out to sea,...

 from Africa

Africa

Africa is the world's second largest and second most populous continent, after Asia. At about 30.2 million km² including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of the Earth's total surface area and 20.4% of the total land area...

 25 million years ago.

• Parvorder: Platyrrhini (New World monkeys)
  • Family: Aotidae (night monkeys)
    • • Genus: Aotus
        Night monkey
        The night monkeys, also known as the owl monkeys or douroucoulis, are the members of the genus Aotus of New World monkeys . They are widely distributed in the forests of Central and South America, from Panama south to Paraguay and northern Argentina...
        
        
        • Panamanian Night Monkey
          Panamanian Night Monkey
          The Panamanian night monkey or Chocoan night monkey is a species of night monkey formerly considered a subspecies of the gray-bellied night monkey of the family Aotidae. Its range consists of Panama and the Chocó region of Colombia. There are also unconfirmed reports of its occurrence in Costa...
          
           Aotus zonalis DD – may be A. lemurinus
          Gray-bellied Night Monkey
          The gray-bellied night monkey , also called the lemurine owl monkey, is a small New World monkey of the family Aotidae...
          
           VU subspecies
  • Family: Atelidae
    Atelidae
    Atelidae is one of the five families of New World monkeys now recognised. It was formerly included in the family Cebidae. Atelids are generally larger monkeys; the family includes the howler, spider, woolly and woolly spider monkeys...
    
     (howler, spider and woolly monkeys)
    • Subfamily: Alouattinae
      • Genus: Alouatta
        • Coiba Island Howler
          Coiba Island Howler
          The Coiba Island howler is a species of howler monkey, a type of New World monkey, endemic to Panama. Although the Coiba Island howler is generally recognized as a separate species, mitochondrial DNA testing is inconclusive as to whether it is actually a subspecies of the mantled howler...
          
           Alouatta coibensis VU – may be A. palliata subspecies
        • Mantled Howler
          Mantled Howler
          The mantled howler , or golden-mantled howling monkey, is a species of howler monkey, a type of New World monkey, from Central and South America. It is one of the monkey species most often seen and heard in the wild in Central America...
          
           Alouatta palliata LC
        • Guatemalan Black Howler
          Guatemalan Black Howler
          The Guatemalan black howler, or Yucatan black howler, is a species of howler monkey, a type of New World monkey, from Central America. It is found in Belize, Guatemala and Mexico, in and near the Yucatan Peninsula. It lives in evergreen, semi-deciduous and lowland rain forests...
          
           Alouatta pigra EN
    • Subfamily: Atelinae
      Atelinae
      Atelinae is a subfamily of New World monkeys in the family Atelidae, and includes the various spider and woolly monkeys. The primary distinguishing feature of the atelines is their long prehensile tail which can support their entire body weight....
      
      
      • Genus: Ateles
        • Black-headed Spider Monkey
          Black-headed Spider Monkey
          The Black-headed spider monkey, Ateles fusciceps, is a species of spider monkey, a type of New World monkey, from Central and South America. It is found in Colombia, Nicaragua and Panama. Although primatologists such as Colin Groves follow Kellogg and Goldman in treating A...
          
           Ateles fusciceps CR
        • Geoffroy's Spider Monkey
          Geoffroy's Spider Monkey
          Geoffroy's spider monkey, Ateles geoffroyi, also known as black-handed spider monkey, is a species of spider monkey, a type of New World monkey, from Central America, parts of Mexico and possibly a small portion of Colombia. There are at least five subspecies. Some primatologists classify the...
          
           Ateles geoffroyi EN
  • Family: Cebidae
    Cebidae
    The Cebidae is one of the five families of New World monkeys now recognised. It includes the capuchin monkeys and squirrel monkeys. These species are found throughout tropical and subtropical South and Central America.-Characteristics:...
    
     (capuchin and squirrel monkeys, marmosets, tamarins)
    • Subfamily: Callitrichinae
      Callitrichinae
      The Callitrichidae is one of five families of New World monkeys. The family includes several genera, including the marmosets, tamarins, and lion tamarins...
      
      
      • Genus: Saguinus
        • Geoffroy's Tamarin
          Geoffroy's Tamarin
          Geoffroy's tamarin , also known as the Panamanian, red-crested or rufous-naped tamarin, is a tamarin, a type of small monkey, found in Panama and Colombia. It is predominantly black and white, with a reddish nape. Diurnal, Geoffroy's tamarin spends most of its time in trees, but does come down to...
          
           Saguinus geoffroyi LC
    • Subfamily: Cebinae
      • Genus: Cebus
        CEBus
        CEBus, short for Consumer Electronics Bus, also known as EIA-600, is a set of electrical standards and communication protocols for electronic devices to transmit commands and data...
        
        
        • White-headed Capuchin
          White-headed Capuchin
          The white-headed capuchin , also known as the white-faced capuchin or white-throated capuchin, is a medium-sized New World monkey of the family Cebidae, subfamily Cebinae...
          
           Cebus capucinus LC
      • Genus: Saimiri
        • Central American Squirrel Monkey
          Central American Squirrel Monkey
          The Central American squirrel monkey is a squirrel monkey species from the Pacific coast of Costa Rica and Panama. It is restricted to the northwestern tip of Panama near the border with Costa Rica, and the central and southern Pacific coast of Costa Rica, primarily in Manuel Antonio and Corcovado...
          
           Saimiri oerstedii VU

Order: Rodent

Rodent

Rodentia is an order of mammals also known as rodents, characterised by two continuously growing incisors in the upper and lower jaws which must be kept short by gnawing....

ia (rodents)

----
Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40 percent of mammalian species. They have two incisor

Incisor

Incisors are the first kind of tooth in heterodont mammals. They are located in the premaxilla above and mandible below.-Function:...

s in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be keep short by gnawing. Most rodents are small, although the capybara

Capybara

The capybara , also known as capivara in Portuguese, and capibara, chigüire in Venezuela, Colombia, and Ecuador ronsoco in Peru, chigüiro, and carpincho in Spanish, is the largest living rodent in the world. Its closest relatives are agouti, chinchillas, coyphillas, and guinea pigs...

 can weigh up to 45 kg (100 lb). Central America's 11 species of caviomorph rodents are recent immigrants from South America

South America

South America is a continent situated in the Western Hemisphere, mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere. The continent is also considered a subcontinent of the Americas. It is bordered on the west by the Pacific Ocean and on the north and east...

, where their ancestors washed ashore after rafting across

Rafting event

Oceanic dispersal is a type of biological dispersal that occurs when organisms transfer from one land mass to another by way of a sea crossing on large clumps of floating vegetation. Such matted clumps of vegetation are often seen floating down major rivers in the tropics and washing out to sea,...

 the Atlantic

Atlantic Ocean

The Atlantic Ocean is the second-largest of the world's oceanic divisions. With a total area of about , it covers approximately 20% of the Earth's surface and about 26% of its water surface area...

 from Africa

Africa

Africa is the world's second largest and second most populous continent, after Asia. At about 30.2 million km² including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of the Earth's total surface area and 20.4% of the total land area...

 30 million years ago. The remainder of Central America's rodents are of Nearctic origin. Ancestral sigmodontine

Sigmodontinae

The subfamily Sigmodontinae is one of the most diverse groups of mammals. It includes New World rats and mice, with at least 376 species. Many authorities include the Neotominae and Tylomyinae as part of a larger definition of Sigmodontinae. When those genera are included, the species count...

 rodents apparently island-hopped

Island hopping

Island hopping is a term that refers to the means of crossing an ocean by a series of shorter journeys between islands, as opposed to a single journey directly across the ocean to the destination.- Forms :...

 from Central America to South America about 5 million years ago, prior to the formation of the Panamanian land bridge

Isthmus of Panama

The Isthmus of Panama, also historically known as the Isthmus of Darien, is the narrow strip of land that lies between the Caribbean Sea and the Pacific Ocean, linking North and South America. It contains the country of Panama and the Panama Canal...

. They went on to diversify

Speciation

Speciation is the evolutionary process by which new biological species arise. The biologist Orator F. Cook seems to have been the first to coin the term 'speciation' for the splitting of lineages or 'cladogenesis,' as opposed to 'anagenesis' or 'phyletic evolution' occurring within lineages...

 explosively, and now comprise 60% of South America's rodent species.

• Suborder: Hystricomorpha
  Hystricomorpha
  The term Hystricomorpha has had many definitions throughout its history. In the broadest sense it refers to any rodent with a hystricomorphous zygomasseteric system. This includes the Hystricognathi, Ctenodactylidae, Anomaluridae, and Pedetidae...
  
  
  • Parvorder: Caviomorpha
    Caviomorpha
    Caviomorpha is the rodent infraorder or parvorder that unites all South American hystricognaths. It is supported by both fossil and molecular evidence.-Origin:...
    
    
    • Family: Erethizontidae (New World porcupines)
      • Subfamily: Erethizontinae
        • Genus: Coendou
          • Rothschild's Porcupine
            Rothschild's Porcupine
            Rothschild's Porcupine, Coendou rothschildi, is a species of rodent in the family Erethizontidae.It is usually considered endemic to Panama. A population in western Ecuador belongs either to this species or to Coendou bicolor....
            
             Coendou rothschildi LC
        • Genus: Sphiggurus
          Sphiggurus
          Sphiggurus is a genus of New World porcupine. It contains the following species:*Sphiggurus ichillus - Streaked Dwarf Porcupine*Sphiggurus insidiosus - Bahia Porcupine*Sphiggurus melanurus - Black-tailed Hairy Dwarf Porcupine...
          
          
          • Mexican Hairy Dwarf Porcupine
            Mexican Hairy Dwarf Porcupine
            The Mexican Hairy Dwarf Porcupine or Mexican Tree Porcupine is a species of rodent in the family Erethizontidae. It is found in Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Panama, possibly Belize, and possibly Nicaragua.-References:...
            
             Sphiggurus mexicanus LC
    • Family: Caviidae
      Caviidae
      The cavy family is a family of rodents native to South America, and including the domestic guinea pig, wild cavies, and the capybara, among other animals...
      
       (guinea pigs)
      • Subfamily: Hydrochaeridae (capybaras)
        • Genus: Hydrochoerus
          Hydrochoerus
          The genus Hydrochoerus contains two living species of capybaras from South America and Panama, the largest living rodents in the world. The genus name is derived from the Greek ὕδωρ plus χοίρος ....
          
          
          • Lesser Capybara
            Lesser capybara
            The lesser capybara is a large semiaquatic rodent of the family Caviidae found in eastern Panama, northwestern Colombia and western Venezuela. It was recognized as a distinct subspecies of capybara in 1912, and was elevated to species status in 1991. It breeds year-round, with an average litter...
            
             Hydrochoerus isthmius DD
    • Family: Dasyproctidae
      Dasyproctidae
      Dasyproctidae is a family of large South American rodents, comprising the agoutis and acouchis. Their fur is a reddish or dark colour above, with a paler underside. They are herbivorous, often feeding on ripe fruit that falls from trees...
      
      
      • • Genus: Dasyprocta
          • Coiban Agouti
            Coiban Agouti
            The Coiban Agouti is a species of rodent in the family Dasyproctidae.It is endemic to Panama. It is threatened by habitat loss....
            
             Dasyprocta coibae VU
          • Mexican Agouti
            Mexican Agouti
            The Mexican Agouti is a species of rodent in the family Dasyproctidae.It is found in Cuba and Mexico.It is threatened by habitat loss....
            
             Dasyprocta mexicana CR
          • Central American Agouti
            Central American Agouti
            The Central American Agouti is an agouti species from the family Dasyproctidae. The species is widespread in Mesoamerica and South America. The northern section of the range occurs from Chiapas and the Yucatan Peninsula to northern Ecuador and Colombia and western Venezuela...
            
             Dasyprocta punctata LC
          • Ruatan Island Agouti
            Ruatan Island Agouti
            The Ruatan Island Agouti is a species of rodent in the family Dasyproctidae.It is endemic to Honduras. It is threatened by habitat loss....
            
             Dasyprocta ruatanica EN
    • Family: Cuniculidae
      Paca
      The Lowland Paca , also known as the Spotted Paca, is a large rodent found in tropical and sub-tropical America, from East-Central Mexico to Northern Argentina...
      
      
      • • Genus: Cuniculus
          Paca
          The Lowland Paca , also known as the Spotted Paca, is a large rodent found in tropical and sub-tropical America, from East-Central Mexico to Northern Argentina...
          
          
          • Lowland Paca Cuniculus paca LC
    • Family: Echimyidae
      • Subfamily: Echimyinae
        • Genus: Diplomys
          Diplomys
          Diplomys is a genus of rodent in the Echimyidae family. They are found in Ecuador, Colombia and Panama.It contains the following species:* Arboreal Soft-furred Spiny Rat * Rufous Tree Rat...
          
          
          • Rufous Soft-furred Spiny-rat
            Rufous Soft-furred Spiny-rat
            The Rufous Soft-furred Spiny-rat is a species of rodent in the Echimyidae family.It is found in Colombia, Ecuador, and Panama.-References:...
            
             Diplomys labilis LC
      • Subfamily: Eumysopinae
        • Genus: Hoplomys
          • Armored Rat
            Armored Rat
            The Armored Rat is a species of rodent in the family Echimyidae. It is monotypic within the genus Hoplomys. It is found in Latin America, from northern Honduras to northwest Ecuador...
            
             Hoplomys gymnurus LC
        • Genus: Proechimys
          Proechimys
          Proechimys is a genus of South American spiny rats of the family Echimyidae....
          
          
          • Tome's Spiny-rat
            Tome's Spiny-rat
            Tome's Spiny-rat , also known as the Central American spiny rat, is a species of spiny rat distributed from Honduras to Ecuador. The IUCN classifies it as least concern under P. semispinosus and near threatened as P. gorgonae.-References:*Woods, C. A. and C. W. Kilpatrick. 2005. Hystricognathi...
            
             Proechimys semispinosus LC
    • Family: Capromyidae
      • Subfamily: Capromyinae
        • Genus: Geocapromys
          Geocapromys
          Geocapromys is a genus of rodent, comprising two extant species of hutia. The Bahamian Hutia or Ingraham's Hutia is native to the Bahamas, while the Jamaican Hutia , which is also known as the Jamaican Coney or Brown's Hutia, is endemic to Jamaica.The Little Swan Island Hutia Geocapromys is a...
          
          
          • Little Swan Island hutia
            Little Swan Island hutia
            The Little Swan Island Hutia is an extinct species of rodent that lived on the Swan Islands, off north-eastern Honduras in the Caribbean...
            
             †Geocapromys thoracatus EX

• Suborder: Sciuromorpha
  Sciuromorpha
  The term Sciuromorpha has referred to numerous groups of rodents, but the only family common to all variations is the Sciuridae, the squirrels. Most definitions also include the Mountain Beaver....
  
  
  • Family: Sciuridae (squirrels)
    • Subfamily: Sciurinae
      Sciurinae
      The Sciurinae is a subfamily of squirrels in the . It unites the flying squirrels with certain related tree squirrels. Older sources place the flying squirrels in a separate subfamily and unite all remaining sciurids into the subfamily Sciurinae, but this has been strongly refuted by genetic...
      
      
      • Tribe: Sciurini
        Sciurini
        Sciurini is a tribe that includes about forty species of squirrels, mostly from the Americas. It includes five living genera—the American dwarf squirrels, Microsciurus; the Bornean Rheithrosciurus; the widespread American and Eurasian tree squirrels of the genus Sciurus, which includes some of the...
        
        
        • Genus: Microsciurus
          Microsciurus
          Microsciurus or dwarf squirrels is a genus of squirrels from the tropical regions of Central and South America.There are four recognized species, however, recent DNA analysis has shown that there is some confusion regarding the traditional classification of the Microsciurus species:Genus...
          
          
          • Central American Dwarf Squirrel
            Central American Dwarf Squirrel
            The Central American dwarf squirrel is a small tree squirrel in the genus Microsciurus and tribe Sciurini found in Colombia, Costa Rica, Nicaragua, and Panama....
            
             Microsciurus alfari LC
          • Western Dwarf Squirrel
            Western Dwarf Squirrel
            The western dwarf squirrel is a small tree squirrel in the genus Microsciurus and tribe Sciurini found in Colombia, Ecuador, and Panama....
            
             Microsciurus mimulus LC
        • Genus: Sciurus
          Sciurus
          The genus Sciurus contains most of the common, bushy-tailed squirrels in North America, Europe, temperate Asia, Central America and South America.-Species:There are 30 species.Genus Sciurus - Tree squirrels*Subgenus Sciurus...
          
          
          • Red-bellied squirrel
            Red-bellied squirrel
            The Red-bellied squirrel is a species of squirrel. Until recently, it was described as a species in the genus Callosciurus, but since the 1990s it is generally placed in its own genus Rubrisciurus. It is endemic on the Indonesian island of Sulawesi. With a length of 25 cm , it is rather large...
            
             Sciurus aureogaster VU
          • Deppe's Squirrel
            Deppe's Squirrel
            Deppe's squirrel is a species of tree squirrel in the genus Sciurus endemic to Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, and Nicaragua....
            
             Sciurus deppei LC
          • Red-tailed Squirrel
            Red-tailed Squirrel
            The red-tailed Squirrel is a tree squirrel in the genus Sciurus endemic to South America. It is found in Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Panama, Trinidad and Tobago, and Venezuela....
            
             Sciurus granatensis LC
          • Richmond's Squirrel
            Richmond's Squirrel
            Richmond's squirrel is a tree squirrel in the genus Sciurus endemic to Nicaragua. Its natural habitat is tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests....
            
             Sciurus richmondi NT
          • Variegated Squirrel
            Variegated Squirrel
            The variegated squirrel is a tree squirrel in the genus Sciurus endemic to Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, southern Mexico, Nicaragua, and Panama.-Subspecies:In alphabetical order except for nominate species....
            
             Sciurus variegatoides LC
          • Yucatan Squirrel
            Yucatan Squirrel
            The Yucatan squirrel is a tree squirrel in the genus Sciurus endemic to Belize, Guatemala, and Mexico.These squirrels live in forests, active during the day and resting at night, spending most of their time in trees. Their dreys are built in branches from leaves and twigs. The squirrel's main...
            
             Sciurus yucatanensis LC
        • Genus: Syntheosciurus
          • Bangs's Mountain Squirrel
            Bangs's Mountain Squirrel
            Bangs's Mountain Squirrel is a nearly unknown species of tree squirrel, that only lives in Costa Rica and Panama. It can be found in mountain rain forests at an altitude between 1900 and 2600 meters, and lives mainly in the tree tops, but sometimes on the forest floor as well...
            
             Syntheosciurus brochus NT
• Suborder: Castorimorpha
  Castorimorpha
  Castorimorpha is the suborder of rodents containing the beavers, the pocket gophers, and the kangaroo rats and mice.-Taxonomy:*Suborder Castorimorpha**Superfamily Castoroidea***Family †Eutypomyidae***Family Castoridae - beavers...
  
  
  • Family: Geomyidae
    • • Genus: Orthogeomys
        Orthogeomys
        Orthogeomys is a genus of rodent in the Geomyidae family, found in Mexico, Central America and Colombia.It contains the following species:* Chiriqui Pocket Gopher * Cherrie's Pocket Gopher...
        
        
        • Chiriqui Pocket Gopher
          Chiriqui Pocket Gopher
          The Chiriqui Pocket Gopher is a species of rodent in the Geomyidae family. It is found in Costa Rica and Panama....
          
           Orthogeomys cavator LC
        • Cherrie's Pocket Gopher
          Cherrie's Pocket Gopher
          Cherrie's Pocket Gopher is a species of rodent in the Geomyidae family. It is endemic to Costa Rica. It is threatened by habitat loss....
          
           Orthogeomys cherriei LC
        • Oaxacan Pocket Gopher
          Oaxacan Pocket Gopher
          The Oaxacan Pocket Gopher is a species of rodent in the Geomyidae family. It is endemic to Mexico....
          
           Orthogeomys cuniculus DD
        • Darien Pocket Gopher
          Darien Pocket Gopher
          The Darien Pocket Gopher is a species of rodent in the Geomyidae family. It is endemic to Panama....
          
           Orthogeomys dariensis LC
        • Giant Pocket Gopher
          Giant Pocket Gopher
          The Giant Pocket Gopher is a species of rodent in the Geomyidae family. It is found in Guatemala, Honduras, and Mexico....
          
           Orthogeomys grandis LC
        • Variable Pocket Gopher
          Variable Pocket Gopher
          The Variable Pocket Gopher is a species of rodent in the Geomyidae family. It is endemic to Costa Rica, usually in grasslands and tropical forests in higher altitudes up to 8,000 feet...
          
           Orthogeomys heterodus LC
        • Hispid Pocket Gopher
          Hispid Pocket Gopher
          The Hispid Pocket Gopher is a species of rodent in the Geomyidae family. It is found in Belize, Guatemala, Honduras, and Mexico....
          
           Orthogeomys hispidus LC
        • Nicaraguan Pocket Gopher
          Nicaraguan Pocket Gopher
          The Nicaraguan Pocket Gopher is a species of rodent in the Geomyidae family. It is found in Honduras and Nicaragua....
          
           Orthogeomys matagalpae LC
        • Underwood's Pocket Gopher
          Underwood's Pocket Gopher
          Underwood's Pocket Gopher is a species of rodent in the Geomyidae family. It is endemic to Costa Rica....
          
           Orthogeomys underwoodi LC
  • Family: Heteromyidae
    Heteromyidae
    The family of rodents that include kangaroo rats, kangaroo mice and rock pocket mice is the Heteromyidae family. Most heteromyids live in complex burrows within the deserts and grasslands of western North America, though species within the Heteromys and Liomys genera are also found in forests and...
    
    
    • Subfamily: Heteromyinae
      • Genus: Heteromys
        Heteromys
        Heteromys is a genus of rodent in the family Heteromyidae.It contains the following species:* Trinidad Spiny Pocket Mouse * Southern Spiny Pocket Mouse...
        
        
        • Southern Spiny Pocket Mouse
          Southern Spiny Pocket Mouse
          The Southern Spiny Pocket Mouse is a species of rodent in the Heteromyidae family. It is found in Colombia, Ecuador, and Panama....
          
           Heteromys australis LC
        • Desmarest's Spiny Pocket Mouse
          Desmarest's Spiny Pocket Mouse
          Desmarest's Spiny Pocket Mouse is a species of rodent in the Heteromyidae family. It is found in Colombia, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, and Panama....
          
           Heteromys desmarestianus LC
        • Gaumer's Spiny Pocket Mouse
          Gaumer's Spiny Pocket Mouse
          Gaumer's Spiny Pocket Mouse is a species of rodent in the Heteromyidae family. It ranges over northern Belize and Guatemala and the Yucatán Peninsula of Mexico, where it lives in lowland semideciduous forest and thorn scrub. The species is nocturnal and terrestrial; it is solitary and strongly...
          
           Heteromys gaumeri LC
        • Nelson's Spiny Pocket Mouse
          Nelson's Spiny Pocket Mouse
          Nelson's Spiny Pocket Mouse is a species of rodent in the Heteromyidae family. It is endemic to Mexico and Guatemala.Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests. It is threatened by habitat loss....
          
           Heteromys nelsoni EN
        • Heteromys nubicolens
        • Mountain Spiny Pocket Mouse
          Mountain Spiny Pocket Mouse
          The Mountain Spiny Pocket Mouse is a species of rodent in the Heteromyidae family. It is endemic to Costa Rica.Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests. It is threatened by habitat loss....
          
           Heteromys oresterus LC
      • Genus: Liomys
        Liomys
        Liomys is a genus of rodent in the Heteromyidae family.It contains the following species:* Panamanian Spiny Pocket Mouse * Mexican Spiny Pocket Mouse * Painted Spiny Pocket Mouse...
        
        
        • Panamanian Spiny Pocket Mouse
          Panamanian Spiny Pocket Mouse
          The Panamanian Spiny Pocket Mouse is a species of rodent in the Heteromyidae family. It is endemic to Panama.It is threatened by habitat loss....
          
           Liomys adspersus LC
        • Painted Spiny Pocket Mouse
          Painted Spiny Pocket Mouse
          The Painted Spiny Pocket Mouse is a species of rodent in the Heteromyidae family. It is found in Guatemala and Mexico....
          
           Liomys pictus LC
        • Salvin's Spiny Pocket Mouse
          Salvin's Spiny Pocket Mouse
          Salvin's Spiny Pocket Mouse is a species of rodent in the Heteromyidae family. It is found in Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, and Nicaragua....
          
           Liomys salvini LC

• Suborder: Myomorpha
  Myomorpha
  Suborder Myomorpha contains 1,137 species of mouse-like rodents, nearly a quarter of all mammal species. Included are mice, rats, gerbils, hamsters, lemmings and voles. They are grouped according to the structure of the jaw and the structure of the molar teeth. Both their medial and lateral...
  
  
  • Family: Cricetidae
    Cricetidae
    The Cricetidae are a family of rodents in the large and complex superfamily Muroidea. It includes true hamsters, voles, lemmings, and New World rats and mice...
    
    
    • Subfamily: Arvicolinae
      Arvicolinae
      The Arvicolinae are a subfamily of rodents that includes the voles, lemmings, and muskrats. They are most closely related to the other subfamilies in the Cricetidae . Some authorities place the subfamily Arvicolinae in the family Muridae along with all other members of the superfamily Muroidea...
      
      
      • Genus: Microtus
        Microtus
        The genus Microtus is a group of voles found in North America, Europe and northern Asia. The genus name refers to the small ears of these animals. There are 62 species in the genus....
        
        
        • Guatemalan Vole
          Guatemalan Vole
          The Guatemalan vole is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae.It is found in Guatemala and Chiapas, Mexico in montane pine-oak forest and meadow at elevations between 2600 to 3100 m. It is terrestrial and probably diurnal or crepuscular....
          
           Microtus guatemalensis NT
    • Subfamily: Tylomyinae
      Tylomyinae
      The subfamily Tylomyinae consists of several species of New World rats and mice including the vesper and climbing rats. They are not as well known as their relatives in the subfamilies Sigmodontinae and Neotominae...
      
      
      • Genus: Nyctomys
        • Sumichrast's vesper rat
          Sumichrast's vesper rat
          Sumichrast's vesper rat is a rodent of the family Cricetidae found from southern Mexico to Panama. The adult length is 11–13 cm, with a tail length of 8.5-15.5 cm. It is one of the more brightly coloured rats, with a pinkish-brown back and white underparts. The first toe on each foot is...
          
           Nyctomys sumichrasti LC
      • Genus: Otonyctomys
        • Hatt's Vesper Rat
          Hatt's Vesper Rat
          Hatt's vesper rat , also known as the Yucatán vesper rat, is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae. It is the only species in the genus Otonyctomys. It is named for its discoverer, Robert T...
          
           Otonyctomys hatti LC
      • Genus: Ototylomys
        • Big-eared Climbing Rat
          Big-Eared Climbing Rat
          The Big-eared Climbing Rat is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae.It is found in Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, and Nicaragua.-References:...
          
           Ototylomys phyllotis LC
      • Genus: Tylomys
        Tylomys
        Tylomys is a genus of rodent in the family Cricetidae.It contains the following species:* Chiapan Climbing Rat * Fulvous-bellied Climbing Rat * Mira Climbing Rat...
        
        
        • Chiapan Climbing Rat
          Chiapan Climbing Rat
          The Chiapan Climbing Rat is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae.It is found only in Mexico.-References:* Baillie, J. 1996. . Downloaded on 20 July 2007....
          
           Tylomys bullaris CR
        • Fulvous-bellied Climbing Rat
          Fulvous-bellied Climbing Rat
          The Fulvous-bellied Climbing Rat is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae.It is found only in Panama.-References:* Pino, J., Samudio, R. & Reid, F 2008. . Downloaded on 27 February 2009....
          
           Tylomys fulviventer DD
        • Peters's Climbing Rat
          Peters's Climbing Rat
          Peters's Climbing Rat is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae.It is found in Belize, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, and Nicaragua.-References:* Baillie, J. 1996. . Downloaded on 20 July 2007....
          
           Tylomys nudicaudus LC
        • Panamanian Climbing Rat
          Panamanian Climbing Rat
          The Panamanian Climbing Rat is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae. It is endemic to Panama.-Literature cited:*Alston, E. R. 1882. . R.H. Porter, 220 pp....
          
           Tylomys panamensis DD
        • Tumbala Climbing Rat
          Tumbala Climbing Rat
          The Tumbala Climbing Rat is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae.It is found only in Mexico.-References:* Baillie, J. 1996. . Downloaded on 20 July 2007....
          
           Tylomys tumbalensis CR
        • Watson's Climbing Rat
          Watson's Climbing Rat
          Watson's Climbing Rat is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae.It is found in Costa Rica and Panama.-References:* Baillie, J. 1996. . Downloaded on 20 July 2007....
          
           Tylomys watsoni LC
    • Subfamily: Neotominae
      Neotominae
      Neotominae is a subfamily of the family Cricetidae. It consists of four tribes, 16 genera, and many species of New World rats and mice, predominantly found in North America. Among them are the well-known deer mice, white-footed mice, packrats, and grasshopper mice.Neotomines are related to the...
      
      
      • Genus: Baiomys
        Baiomys
        Baiomys is the genus of New World pygmy mice. Together with Scotinomys, it forms the tribe Baiomyini. It currently contains two extant species:*Southern Pygmy Mouse, Baiomys musculus*Northern Pygmy Mouse, Baiomys taylori-References:...
        
        
        • Southern Pygmy Mouse
          Southern Pygmy Mouse
          The Southern Pygmy Mouse is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae.It is found in El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, and Nicaragua. Synonyms: Baiomys brunneus The Southern Pygmy Mouse (Baiomys musculus) is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae.It is found in El Salvador,...
          
           Baiomys musculus LC
      • Genus: Habromys
        Habromys
        Habromys is a genus of rodent in the family Cricetidae, found in Mexico and Central America.It contains the following species:* Chinanteco Deermouse * Delicate Deermouse ...
        
        
        • Crested-tailed Deer Mouse
          Crested-Tailed Deer Mouse
          The Crested-tailed Deermouse is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae. It is found in El Salvador, Guatemala, and Mexico.-References:...
          
           Habromys lophurus NT
      • Genus: Isthmomys
        Isthmomys
        Isthmomys is a genus of rodent in the family Cricetidae, belonging to the tribe Reithrodontomyini. Species are:*Yellow Isthmus Rat *Mt. Pirri Isthmus Rat -References:...
        
        
        • Yellow Isthmus Rat
          Yellow Isthmus Rat
          The Yellow Isthmus Rat is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae. It is found only in Panama. It was discovered by W. W. Brown, Jr. on the southern slope of Volcan de Chiriqui...
          
           Isthmomys flavidus NT
        • Mt. Pirri Isthmus Rat
          Mt. Pirri Isthmus Rat
          The Mt. Pirri Isthmus Rat is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae.Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests. It is found only in Panama. At the time of its discovery it was considered as the “most common rat of southeastern Panama” . Found only in the eastern...
          
           Isthmomys pirrensis LC
      • Genus: Neotoma
        • Nicaraguan Woodrat
          Nicaraguan Woodrat
          The Nicaraguan Woodrat is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae.It is found in Honduras and Nicaragua.-References:...
          
           Neotoma chrysomelas LC
        • Mexican Woodrat
          Mexican Woodrat
          The Mexican Woodrat is a medium-sized rat occurring in the United States from Utah and Colorado south through New Mexico and parts of Arizona and Trans-Pecos Texas. Its range continues south in the highlands to Honduras...
          
           Neotoma mexicana LC
      • Genus: Peromyscus
        Peromyscus
        The genus Peromyscus contains the animal species commonly referred to as deer mice. This is a genus of New World mouse only distantly related to the common house mouse and laboratory mouse, Mus musculus...
        
        
        • Aztec Mouse
          Aztec Mouse
          The Aztec Mouse is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae.It is found in El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Mexico.- Habitat :...
          
           Peromyscus aztecus LC
        • Big Deer Mouse
          Big Deer Mouse
          The Big Deer Mouse is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae.It is found only in Guatemala.-References:* Baillie, J. 1996. . Downloaded on 19 July 2007....
          
           Peromyscus grandis NT
        • Guatemalan Deer Mouse
          Guatemalan Deer Mouse
          The Guatemalan Deer Mouse is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae.It is found in Guatemala and Mexico.-References:* Baillie, J. 1996. . Downloaded on 19 July 2007....
          
           Peromyscus guatemalensis LC
        • Naked-eared Deer Mouse
          Naked-Eared Deer Mouse
          The Naked-eared Deer Mouse is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae.It is found in El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, and Nicaragua.-References:* Baillie, J. 1996. . Downloaded on 19 July 2007....
          
           Peromyscus gymnotis LC
        • White-footed Mouse
          White-footed mouse
          White-footed Mouse is a rodent native to North America. It ranges from Ontario, Quebec, Labrador and the Maritime Provinces to the southwest USA and Mexico. It is also known as the Woodmouse, particularly in Texas.Adults are in length, not counting the tail, which can add another . A young adult...
          
           Peromyscus leucopus LC
        • Nimble-footed Mouse
          Nimble-Footed Mouse
          The nimble-footed mouse is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae. It is found only in Mexico.-Description:...
          
           Peromyscus levipes LC
        • Plateau Mouse
          Plateau Mouse
          The Plateau Mouse is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae.It is found only in Mexico.-References:* Baillie, J. 1996. . Downloaded on 19 July 2007....
          
           Peromyscus melanophrys LC
        • Maya Mouse
          Maya Mouse
          The Maya Mouse is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae.It is found only in Guatemala.-References:* Reid, F., Pérez, S., Woodman, N. & Matson, J. 2008. . Downloaded on 28 February 2009....
          
           Peromyscus mayensis CR
        • Mexican Deer Mouse
          Mexican Deer Mouse
          The Mexican deer mouse is a species of forest-dwelling rodent in the family Cricetidae. It is found in southern Mexico and throughout much of Central America.-Description:...
          
           Peromyscus mexicanus LC
        • Stirton's Deer Mouse
          Stirton's Deer Mouse
          Stirton's Deer Mouse is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae.It is found in El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua.-References:* Baillie, J. 1996. . Downloaded on 19 July 2007....
          
           Peromyscus stirtoni LR
        • Yucatan Deer Mouse
          Yucatan Deer Mouse
          The Yucatan Deer Mouse is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae. The species is found in Mexico and Guatemala; an example habitat is the Petenes mangroves ecoregion of the Yucatan.-References:...
          
           Peromyscus yucatanicus LC
        • Chiapan Deer Mouse
          Chiapan Deer Mouse
          The Chiapan Deer Mouse is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae.It is found only in Mexico.-References:* Baillie, J. 1996. . Downloaded on 19 July 2007....
          
           Peromyscus zarhynchus VU
      • Genus: Reithrodontomys
        Reithrodontomys
        Reithrodontomys is the genus of groove-toothed New World harvest mice.-Species:This genus contains twenty species:*Guerrero Harvest Mouse *Short-Nosed Harvest Mouse...
        
        
        • Short-nosed Harvest Mouse
          Short-Nosed Harvest Mouse
          The Short-nosed Harvest Mouse is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae.It is found in Costa Rica and Nicaragua.-References:* Baillie, J. 1996. . Downloaded on 20 July 2007....
          
           Reithrodontomys brevirostris LC
        • Chiriqui Harvest Mouse
          Chiriqui Harvest Mouse
          The Chiriqui Harvest Mouse is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae.It is found in Costa Rica and Panama.-References:* Baillie, J. 1996. . Downloaded on 20 July 2007....
          
           Reithrodontomys creper LC
        • Darien Harvest Mouse
          Darien Harvest Mouse
          The Darien Harvest Mouse is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae.It is found only in Panama.-References:* Baillie, J. 1996. . Downloaded on 20 July 2007....
          
           Reithrodontomys darienensis LC
        • Fulvous Harvest Mouse
          Fulvous Harvest Mouse
          The Fulvous Harvest Mouse is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae.It is found in El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, and the United States.-References:...
          
           Reithrodontomys fulvescens LC
        • Slender Harvest Mouse
          Slender Harvest Mouse
          The Slender Harvest Mouse is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae.It is found in Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, and Nicaragua.-References:...
          
           Reithrodontomys gracilis LC
        • Mexican Harvest Mouse
          Mexican Harvest Mouse
          The Mexican Harvest Mouse is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae.It is found in Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, and Panama in a variety of habitats at altitudes from sea level to 3800 m.-References:*Musser, G. G. and M. D. Carleton....
          
           Reithrodontomys mexicanus LC
        • Small-toothed Harvest Mouse
          Small-Toothed Harvest Mouse
          The Small-toothed Harvest Mouse is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae.It is found in Guatemala and Mexico.-References:* Reid, F. & Vázquez, E. 2008. . Downloaded on 27 February 2009....
          
           Reithrodontomys microdon VU
        • Nicaraguan Harvest Mouse
          Nicaraguan Harvest Mouse
          The Nicaraguan Harvest Mouse is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae.It is found in Costa Rica and Nicaragua.-References:...
          
           Reithrodontomys paradoxus DD
        • Rodriguez's Harvest Mouse
          Rodriguez's Harvest Mouse
          Rodriguez's Harvest Mouse is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae.It is found only in Costa Rica.-References:* Timm, R. & Woodman, N. 2008. . Downloaded on 27 February 2009....
          
           Reithrodontomys rodriguezi LC
        • Cozumel Harvest Mouse
          Cozumel Harvest Mouse
          The Cozumel Harvest Mouse is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae. It is endemic to the Mexican island of Cozumel off the Yucatán Peninsula. It is nocturnal and semiareboreal, and lives in dense secondary forest and forest edge habitats. Its population is small, fluctuating and patchily...
          
           Reithrodontomys spectabilis CR
        • Sumichrast's Harvest Mouse
          Sumichrast's Harvest Mouse
          Sumichrast's Harvest Mouse is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae.It is found in Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, and Panama.-References:...
          
           Reithrodontomys sumichrasti LC
        • Narrow-nosed Harvest Mouse
          Narrow-Nosed Harvest Mouse
          The Narrow-nosed Harvest Mouse is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae.It is found in Guatemala and Mexico.-References:* Reid, F. & Vázquez, E. 2008. . Downloaded on 27 February 2009....
          
           Reithrodontomys tenuirostris VU
      • Genus: Scotinomys
        Scotinomys
        Scotinomys is a genus of rodent in the family Cricetidae. Together with Baiomys, it forms the tribe Baiomyini.It contains the following species:* Alston's Brown Mouse * Chiriqui Brown Mouse...
        
        
        • Alston's Brown Mouse
          Alston's Brown Mouse
          Alston's Brown Mouse, also called Alston's Singing Mouse, Singing Short-tailed Mouse, or Singing Mouse , is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae...
          
           Scotinomys teguina LC
        • Chiriqui Brown Mouse
          Chiriqui Brown Mouse
          The Chiriqui Brown Mouse also known as the long-tailed singing mouse is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae.It is found in high elevations of Costa Rica and Panama.-References:...
          
           Scotinomys xerampelinus LC
    • Subfamily: Sigmodontinae
      Sigmodontinae
      The subfamily Sigmodontinae is one of the most diverse groups of mammals. It includes New World rats and mice, with at least 376 species. Many authorities include the Neotominae and Tylomyinae as part of a larger definition of Sigmodontinae. When those genera are included, the species count...
      
      
      • Genus: Handleyomys
        Handleyomys
        Handleyomys is a genus of Central and South American rodents in the tribe Oryzomyini of family Cricetidae. It was first described in 2002 to include two species from the Colombian Andes which were previously included in distinct and unrelated genera, Aepeomys and Oryzomys, but which turned out to...
        
        
        • Alfaro's Rice Rat
          Alfaro's Rice Rat
          Handleyomys alfaroi, also known as Alfaro's Rice Rat or Alfaro's Oryzomys, is a species of rodent in the genus Handleyomys of family Cricetidae. It is found in Belize, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, and Panama. It was previously included in...
          
           Handleyomys alfaroi LC
        • Chapman's Rice Rat
          Chapman's Rice Rat
          Handleyomys chapmani, also known as Chapman's Oryzomys or Chapman's Rice Rat, is a species of rodent in the genus Handleyomys of family Cricetidae. It is found only in Mexico...
          
           Handleyomys chapmani LC
        • Black-eared Rice Rat
          Black-Eared Rice Rat
          Handleyomys melanotis, also known as the Black-eared Oryzomys or Black-eared Rice Rat, is a species of rodent in the genus Handleyomys of family Cricetidae. It is found in coastal lowland forest in western Mexico.-Literature cited:...
          
           Handleyomys melanotis LC
        • Striped Rice Rat
          Striped Rice Rat
          Handleyomys rhabdops, also known as the Highland Oryzomys or Striped Rice Rat, is a species of rodent in the genus Handleyomys of family Cricetidae. It is nocturnal and is found in Guatemala and Mexico in montane forest at elevations from 1250 to 3250 m.-Literature cited:*Musser, G. G. and M. D....
          
           Handleyomys rhabdops VU
        • Long-nosed Rice Rat
          Long-Nosed Rice Rat
          Handleyomys rostratus, also known as the Long-nosed Oryzomys, Long-nosed Rice Rat, or Rusty Rice Rat is a species of rodent in the genus Handleyomys of family Cricetidae. It is found in Belize, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, and Nicaragua. It is nocturnal and is found in forests at...
          
           Handleyomys rostratus LC
        • Cloud Forest Rice Rat
          Cloud Forest Rice Rat
          Handleyomys saturatior, also known as the Cloud Forest Oryzomys or Cloud Forest Rice Rat, is a species of rodent in the genus Handleyomys of family Cricetidae....
          
           Handleyomys saturatior NT
      • Genus: Ichthyomys
        Ichthyomys
        Ichthyomys is a genus of semiaquatic rodents in the family Cricetidae.It contains the following species:* Crab-eating Rat * Pittier's Crab-eating Rat...
        
        
        • Tweedy's Crab-eating Rat
          Tweedy's Crab-eating Rat
          Tweedy's Crab-Eating Rat is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae.It is found in two disjoint regions in western Ecuador and central Panama. The species is found near fast-flowing streams in primary and secondary forest, and is known from elevations of 900 to 1700 m...
          
           Ichthyomys tweedii DD
      • Genus: Melanomys
        Melanomys
        Melanomys is a genus of rodent in the tribe Oryzomyini of family Cricetidae, which is distributed in northern South America and adjacent Central America. It contains three species, two of which—Melanomys robustulus and Melanomys zunigae—have limited distributions...
        
        
        • Dusky Rice Rat
          Dusky Rice Rat
          Melanomys caliginosus, also known as the Dusky Melanomys or Dusky Rice Rat, is a species of rodent in the genus Melanomys of family Cricetidae. It is found from Central America, in Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, and Panama, into South America, where it occurs in Venezuela, Colombia, and Ecuador....
          
           Melanomys caliginosus LC
      • Genus: Neacomys
        Neacomys
        The genus Neacomys, also known as bristly mice because of their spiny fur, includes several species of rodents in the tribe Oryzomyini of family Cricetidae. It is most closely related to Oligoryzomys, Oreoryzomys, and Microryzomys. Neacomys species are mainly found in Amazonia, but N. pictus occurs...
        
        
        • Painted Bristly Mouse
          Painted Bristly Mouse
          Neacomys pictus, also known as the Painted Neacomys or Painted Bristly Mouse, is a species of rodent in the genus Neacomys of family Cricetidae. It is found only in Panama.-Literature cited:...
          
           Neacomys pictus DD
      • Genus: Nephelomys
        Nephelomys
        Nephelomys is a genus of South American oryzomyine rodents found in the Andes from Bolivia to Venezuela, with a westward extension into the mountains of Costa Rica...
        
        
        • Tomes's Rice Rat
          Tomes's Rice Rat
          Nephelomys albigularis, also known as the White-throated Oryzomys or Tomes's Rice Rat, is a species of rodent in the genus Nephelomys of family Cricetidae. Described in 1860, it was the first Nephelomys species to be discovered...
          
           Nephelomys albigularis LC
        • Boquete Rice Rat
          Boquete Rice Rat
          Nephelomys devius, also known as the Talamancan Oryzomys, Boquete Rice Rat, Chiriqui Rice Rat, or Montane Rice Rat, is a species of rodent in the genus Nephelomys of family Cricetidae. It is found in cloud forest in the highlands of Costa Rica and western Panama.The upperparts are light brown and...
          
           Nephelomys devius LC
      • Genus: Oecomys
        Oecomys
        Oecomys is a genus of rodent within the tribe Oryzomyini of family Cricetidae. It contains about 17 species, which live in trees and are distributed across forested parts of South America, extending into Panama and Trinidad.-Literature cited:...
        
        
        • Bicolored Arboreal Rice Rat
          Bicolored Arboreal Rice Rat
          Oecomys bicolor, also known as the White-bellied Oecomys or Bicolored Arboreal Rice Rat, is a species of rodent in the genus Oecomys of family Cricetidae...
          
           Oecomys bicolor LC
        • Trinidad Arboreal Rice Rat
          Trinidad Arboreal Rice Rat
          Oecomys trinitatis, also known as the Long-furred Oecomys, Long-furred Rice Rat, Trinidad Arboreal Rice Rat, or Big Arboreal Rice Rat, is a species of rodent in the genus Oecomys of family Cricetidae...
          
           Oecomys trinitatis LC
      • Genus: Oligoryzomys
        Oligoryzomys
        Oligoryzomys is a genus of rodents in the tribe Oryzomyini of family Cricetidae. Many species are known as pygmy rice rats or colilargos...
        
        
        • Fulvous Pygmy Rice Rat
          Fulvous Pygmy Rice Rat
          Oligoryzomys fulvescens, also known as the Fulvous Colilargo, Fulvous Pygmy Rice Rat, or Northern Pygmy Rice Rat, is a species of rodent in the genus Oligoryzomys of family Cricetidae...
          
           Oligoryzomys fulvescens LC
        • Sprightly Pygmy Rice Rat
          Sprightly Pygmy Rice Rat
          Oligoryzomys vegetus, also known as the Sprightly Colilargo or Sprightly Pygmy Rice Rat, is a species of rodent in the genus Oligoryzomys of family Cricetidae. It is found only in the mountains of Costa Rica and western Panama....
          
           Oligoryzomys vegetus LC
      • Genus: Oryzomys
        Oryzomys
        Oryzomys is a genus of semiaquatic rodents in the tribe Oryzomyini living in southern North America and far northern South America. It includes eight species, two of which—the marsh rice rat of the United States and O. couesi of Mexico and Central America—are widespread; the six others have...
        
        
        • Coues' Rice Rat
          Coues' Rice Rat
          Oryzomys couesi, also known as Coues' Rice Rat, is a semiaquatic rodent in the family Cricetidae occurring from southernmost Texas through Mexico and Central America into northwestern Colombia. It is usually found in wet habitats, such as marshes, but also lives in drier forests and shrublands...
          
           Oryzomys couesi LC
        • Nicaraguan Rice Rat
          Nicaraguan Rice Rat
          Oryzomys dimidiatus, also known as the Nicaraguan Oryzomys, Thomas's Rice Rat, or Nicaraguan Rice Rat, is a rodent in the genus Oryzomys of the family Cricetidae. It is known from only three specimens, all collected in southeastern Nicaragua since 1904...
          
           Oryzomys dimidiatus LC
      • Genus: Rheomys
        Rheomys
        Rheomys is a genus of semiaquatic rodents in the family Cricetidae.It contains the following species:* Mexican Water Mouse * Goldman's Water Mouse * Thomas's Water Mouse...
        
        
        • Goldman's Water Mouse
          Goldman's Water Mouse
          Goldman's Water Mouse is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae.It is found in Costa Rica and Panama....
          
           Rheomys raptor LC
        • Thomas's Water Mouse
          Thomas's Water Mouse
          Thomas's Water Mouse is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae.It is found in El Salvador, Guatemala, and Mexico....
          
           Rheomys thomasi NT
        • Underwood's Water Mouse
          Underwood's Water Mouse
          Underwood's Water Mouse is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae.It is found in Costa Rica and Panama....
          
           Rheomys underwoodi LC
      • Genus: Rhipidomys
        Rhipidomys
        Rhipidomys is a genus of rodents in the family Cricetidae, comprising at least 18 species of climbing mouse:* Southern Climbing Mouse * Cariri Climbing Mouse...
        
        
        • Splendid Climbing Mouse
          Splendid Climbing Mouse
          The Splendid Climbing Mouse, Rhipidomys nitela, is a rodent species from South America. It is found in Brazil, French Guyana, Guyana, Suriname and Venezuela....
          
           Rhipidomys nitela LC
        • Broad-footed Climbing Mouse
          Broad-Footed Climbing Mouse
          The Broad-footed Climbing Mouse is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae. It is found in Colombia, Ecuador, Panama and Peru....
          
           Rhipidomys latimanus LC
      • Genus: Sigmodon
        • Southern Cotton Rat
          Southern cotton rat
          The southern cotton rat, Sigmodon hirsutus, is a rodent species in the family Cricetidae. It is found in southern Chiapas in Mexico through Central America, except for Belize, and as far east as northern Colombia and Venezuela. It lives in tropical rainforest, dry forest and savanna, as well as in...
          
           Sigmodon hirsutus LC
        • Jaliscan Cotton Rat
          Jaliscan Cotton Rat
          The Jaliscan Cotton Rat is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae.It is found only in Mexico.-References:* Baillie, J. 1996. . Downloaded on 20 July 2007....
          
           Sigmodon mascotensis LC
        • Toltec Cotton Rat
          Toltec cotton rat
          The Toltec cotton rat, Sigmodon toltecus, is a rodent species in the family Cricetidae. It is found in eastern Mexico from the Rio Grande to the Yucatán Peninsula, as well as in Belize and northern Guatemala. It prefers moist grassland habitat. While long thought to be a subspecies of S...
          
           Sigmodon toltecus LC
      • Genus: Sigmodontomys
        Sigmodontomys
        Sigmodontomys is a genus of rodent in the tribe Oryzomyini of family Cricetidae. It is related to Nectomys and Melanomys and was previously included in Nectomys. It includes two species, Sigmodontomys alfari and the much rarer Sigmodontomys aphrastus, but whether these are indeed each other's...
        
        
        • Alfaro's Rice Water Rat
          Alfaro's Rice Water Rat
          Sigmodontomys alfari, also known as the Short-tailed Sigmodontomys, Alfaro's Rice Water Rat, Cana Rice Rat, or Allen's Rice Rat, is a species of rodent in the genus Sigmodontomys of family Cricetidae...
          
           Sigmodontomys alfari LC
        • Harris's Rice Water Rat
          Harris's Rice Water Rat
          Sigmodontomys aphrastus, also known as the Long-tailed Sigmodontomys, Harris's Rice Water Rat, or Long-tailed Rice Rat, is a species of rodent in genus Sigmodontomys of family Cricetidae. It is known from Costa Rica, Panama, and Ecuador.-Literature cited:*Duff, A. and Lawson, A. 2004. Mammals of...
          
           Sigmodontomys aphrastus DD
      • Genus: Transandinomys
        Transandinomys
        Transandinomys is a genus of rodents in the tribe Oryzomyini of family Cricetidae. It includes two species—T. bolivaris and T. talamancae—found in forests from Honduras in Central America south and east to southwestern Ecuador and northwestern Venezuela in northern South America...
        
        
        • Bolivar Rice Rat
          Bolivar Rice Rat
          Transandinomys bolivaris, also known as the long-whiskered rice rat, is a rodent in the genus Transandinomys. It is found in humid forest from northeastern Honduras to western Ecuador, up to 1800 m above sea level...
          
           Transandinomys bolivaris LC
        • Talamancan Rice Rat
          Talamancan Rice Rat
          Transandinomys talamancae is a rodent in the genus Transandinomys that occurs from Costa Rica to southwestern Ecuador and northern Venezuela. Its habitat consists of lowland forests up to 1525 m above sea level. With a body mass of 38 to 74 g , it is a medium-sized rice rat...
          
           Transandinomys talamancae LC
      • Genus: Zygodontomys
        Zygodontomys
        Zygodontomys is a genus of rodent in the tribe Oryzomyini of the family Cricetidae. Its closest relative may be Scolomys. It ranges from Central America east to the Guianas. It contains two species: Zygodontomys brunneus and Zygodontomys brevicauda....
        
        
        • Short-tailed Cane Rat
          Short-tailed Cane Rat
          Zygodontomys brevicauda, also known as the Short-tailed Zygodont, Short-tailed Cane Mouse, or Common Cane Mouse, is a species of rodent in the genus Zygodontomys of tribe Oryzomyini. It occurs from Costa Rica via Panama, Colombia and Venezuela into Guyana, Suriname, French Guiana and northern...
          
           Zygodontomys brevicauda LC

Order: Lagomorpha

Lagomorpha

The lagomorphs are the members of the taxonomic order Lagomorpha, of which there are two living families, the Leporidae , and the Ochotonidae...

 (lagomorphs)

----
The lagomorphs comprise two families, Leporidae

Leporidae

Leporids are the approximately 50 species of rabbits and hares which form the family Leporidae. The leporids, together with the pikas, constitute the mammalian order Lagomorpha. Leporids differ from pikas in having short furry tails, and elongated ears and hind legs...

 (hare

Hare

Hares and jackrabbits are leporids belonging to the genus Lepus. Hares less than one year old are called leverets. Four species commonly known as types of hare are classified outside of Lepus: the hispid hare , and three species known as red rock hares .Hares are very fast-moving...

s and rabbit

Rabbit

Rabbits are small mammals in the family Leporidae of the order Lagomorpha, found in several parts of the world...

s), and Ochotonidae (pika

Pika

The pika is a small mammal, with short limbs, rounded ears, and short tail. The name pika is used for any member of the Ochotonidae, a family within the order of lagomorphs, which also includes the Leporidae . One genus, Ochotona, is recognised within the family, and it includes 30 species...

s). Though they can resemble rodent

Rodent

Rodentia is an order of mammals also known as rodents, characterised by two continuously growing incisors in the upper and lower jaws which must be kept short by gnawing....

s, and were classified as a superfamily

Taxonomic rank

In biological classification, rank is the level in a taxonomic hierarchy. Examples of taxonomic ranks are species, genus, family, and class. Each rank subsumes under it a number of less general categories...

 in that order until the early 20th century, they have since been considered a separate order. They differ from rodents in a number of physical characteristics, such as having four incisors in the upper jaw rather than two. Central America's lagomorph diversity is considerably less than that of Mexico as a whole, but is greater than that of South America.

• Family: Leporidae
  Leporidae
  Leporids are the approximately 50 species of rabbits and hares which form the family Leporidae. The leporids, together with the pikas, constitute the mammalian order Lagomorpha. Leporids differ from pikas in having short furry tails, and elongated ears and hind legs...
  
   (rabbits, hares)
  • • Genus: Sylvilagus
      • Tapeti
        Tapeti
        The Tapeti , also known as the Brazilian Rabbit or Forest Rabbit, is a cottontail rabbit species found in Central and South America....
        
         Sylvilagus brasiliensis LC
      • Dice's Cottontail
        Dice's Cottontail
        Dice's Cottontail is a species of mammal in the Leporidae family. It is found in Costa Rica and Panama, in páramo and cloud forest habitats....
        
         Sylvilagus dicei DD
      • Eastern Cottontail
        Eastern Cottontail
        The eastern cottontail is a New World cottontail rabbit, a member of the family Leporidae. It is one of the most common rabbit species in North America.-Distribution:...
        
         Sylvilagus floridanus LC
    • Genus: Lepus
      Hare
      Hares and jackrabbits are leporids belonging to the genus Lepus. Hares less than one year old are called leverets. Four species commonly known as types of hare are classified outside of Lepus: the hispid hare , and three species known as red rock hares .Hares are very fast-moving...
      
      
      • Tehuantepec Jackrabbit
        Tehuantepec Jackrabbit
        The Tehuantepec Jackrabbit is easily distinguished from other species of jackrabbits by two black stripes that run from the base of the ears to the nape, and by its white flanks. Underparts are white, upperparts are bright-brown washed with black, rump is gray, and the tail is black. This leporid...
        
         Lepus flavigularis EN

Order: Eulipotyphla (shrews, hedgehogs, moles, and solenodons)

----
The "shrew-forms" are insectivorous mammals. Shrews and solenodons closely resemble mice, hedgehog

Hedgehog

A hedgehog is any of the spiny mammals of the subfamily Erinaceinae and the order Erinaceomorpha. There are 17 species of hedgehog in five genera, found through parts of Europe, Asia, Africa, and New Zealand . There are no hedgehogs native to Australia, and no living species native to the Americas...

s carry spines, while mole

Mole (animal)

Moles are small cylindrical mammals adapted to a subterranean lifestyle. They have velvety fur; tiny or invisible ears and eyes; and short, powerful limbs with large paws oriented for digging. The term is especially and most properly used for the true moles, those of the Talpidae family in the...

s are stout-bodied burrowers. Central America's shrew diversity is comparable to that of Mexico as a whole, and is greater than that of South America. Moles are not found in the Americas

Americas

The Americas, or America , are lands in the Western hemisphere, also known as the New World. In English, the plural form the Americas is often used to refer to the landmasses of North America and South America with their associated islands and regions, while the singular form America is primarily...

 south of northern Mexico

Mexico

The United Mexican States , commonly known as Mexico , is a federal constitutional republic in North America. It is bordered on the north by the United States; on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of...

.

• Family: Soricidae (shrews)
  • Subfamily: Soricinae
    • Genus: Cryptotis
      • C. mexicana group
        • Mexican Small-eared Shrew
          Mexican Small-eared Shrew
          The Mexican Small-eared Shrew is a species of mammal in the family Soricidae. It is endemic to Mexico....
          
           Cryptotis mexicana LC
        • goldmani set
          • Goldman's Broad-clawed Shrew
            Goldman's Broad-clawed Shrew
            Goldman's Broad-clawed Shrew is a species of mammal in the Soricidae family. It is found in Guatemala and Mexico.-References:* Insectivore Specialist Group 1996. . Downloaded on 30 July 2007....
            
             Cryptotis goldmani LC
          • Goodwin's Broad-clawed Shrew
            Goodwin's Broad-clawed Shrew
            Goodwin's Broad-clawed Shrew is a species of mammal in the Soricidae family. It is found in El Salvador, Guatemala, and Mexico.Type locality "Calel, altitude 10200 feet, Guatemala."-References:...
            
             Cryptotis goodwini LC
          • Guatemalan Broad-clawed Shrew
            Guatemalan broad-clawed shrew
            The Guatemalan broad-clawed shrew is a species of mammal in the family Soricidae. It is known from Guatemala and the Mexican state of Chiapas, where it has been found in montane forests of oak, pine and fir, as well as secondary forest, mostly at elevations above 2000 m. It feeds on insects....
            
             Cryptotis griseoventris VU
          • Cryptotis lacertosus
          • Cryptotis mam
      • C. nigrescens group
        • Honduran Small-eared Shrew
          Honduran Small-eared Shrew
          The Honduran Small-eared Shrew is a species of mammal in the Soricidae family. It is found in Honduras, possibly El Salvador, possibly Guatemala, and possibly Nicaragua.-Source:...
          
           Cryptotis hondurensis DD
        • Yucatan Small-eared Shrew
          Yucatan small-eared shrew
          The Yucatan small-eared shrew is a species of mammal in the family Soricidae. It is mainly known from lowlands of Guatemala, Belize and Mexico's Yucatán Peninsula, where it has been found in dry scrubland and tropical dry forest at elevations below 100 m. It is threatened by deforestation....
          
           Cryptotis mayensis LC
        • Darién Small-eared Shrew
          Darién small-eared shrew
          The Darién small-eared shrew is a species of mammal in the family Soricidae. It is known only from montane regions along the border between Colombia and Darién Province, Panama, where it has been found in rainforest at elevations from 1400 to 1500 m. It has terrestrial habits....
          
           Cryptotis mera EN
        • Merriam's Small-eared Shrew Cryptotis merriami LC
        • Blackish Small-eared Shrew
          Blackish Small-eared Shrew
          The Blackish Small-eared Shrew is a species of mammal in the Soricidae family. It is found in parts of Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, and Panama. An example specific habitat is the Petenes mangroves of the Yucatan.-References:* Insectivore Specialist Group 1996. . ...
          
           Cryptotis nigrescens LC
      • C. parva group
        • Central American Least Shrew
          Central American Least Shrew
          The Central American Least Shrew is a species of mammal in the family Soricidae. It is found in the highlands and mid-elevations from the western part of the northern coast of Honduras to central Costa Rica. It is found in El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Costa Rica. It was considered to be a...
          
           Cryptotis orophila DD
        • North American Least Shrew Cryptotis parva LC
        • Tropical Small-eared Shrew
          Tropical Small-eared Shrew
          The Tropical Small-eared Shrew is a very small mammal of the Soricidae family. The species is found in the eastern highlands of Chiapas, Mexico, and parts of Belize and Guatemala. Until recently it was considered a subspecies of the North American Least Shrew but it has gained species status...
          
           Cryptotis tropicalis DD
      • ungrouped/relict
        • Enders's Small-eared Shrew
          Enders's Small-eared Shrew
          Enders's Small-eared Shrew is a species of mammal in the Soricidae family. It is endemic to Panama.-Source:* Baillie, J. 1996. . Downloaded on 30 July 2007....
          
           Cryptotis endersi EN
        • Talamancan Small-eared Shrew
          Talamancan Small-eared Shrew
          The Talamancan Small-eared Shrew is a species of mammal in the Soricidae family. It is found in Costa Rica and Panama.-Source:* Baillie, J. 1996. . Downloaded on 30 July 2007....
          
           Cryptotis gracilis VU
    • Genus: Sorex
      Sorex
      The genus Sorex includes many of the common shrews of Eurasia and North America. Members of this genus, known as long-tailed shrews, are the only members of the tribe Soricini of the subfamily Soricinae...
      
      
      • Subgenus Otisorex
        • Verapaz Shrew
          Verapaz Shrew
          The Verapaz Shrew is a species of mammal in the Soricidae family. It is found in Guatemala and Mexico.-References:* Insectivore Specialist Group 1996. . Downloaded on 30 July 2007....
          
           Sorex veraepacis LC
      • Subgenus Incertae sedis
        Incertae sedis
        , is a term used to define a taxonomic group where its broader relationships are unknown or undefined. Uncertainty at specific taxonomic levels is attributed by , , and similar terms.-Examples:*The fossil plant Paradinandra suecica could not be assigned to any...
        
        
        • Saussure's Shrew
          Saussure's Shrew
          Saussure's Shrew is a species of mammal in the Soricidae family. It is found in Guatemala and Mexico.-References:* Insectivore Specialist Group 1996. . Downloaded on 30 July 2007....
          
           Sorex saussurei LC
        • Sclater's Shrew
          Sclater's Shrew
          Sclater's Shrew is a species of mammal in the family Soricidae. It is endemic to Mexico.-Source:* Cuarón, A.D. & de Grammont, P.C. 2008. . Downloaded on 25 February 2009....
          
           Sorex sclateri CR
        • San Cristobal Shrew
          San Cristobal Shrew
          The San Cristobal Shrew is a species of mammal in the Soricidae family. It is endemic to Mexico.-Source:* Cuarón, A.D., de Grammont, P.C., Matson, J. & Woodman, N. 2008. . Downloaded on 25 February 2009....
          
           Sorex stizodon CR
        • Veracruz Shrew
          Veracruz Shrew
          The Veracruz Shrew is a species of mammal in the family Soricidae. It is found in Mexico....
          
           Sorex veraecrucis LC

Order: Chiroptera (bats)

----
The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals in the world naturally capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals.

• Family: Noctilionidae
  • • Genus: Noctilio
      • Lesser Bulldog Bat
        Lesser Bulldog Bat
        The Lesser Bulldog Bat is an insectivorous and occasionally carnivorous bat of the , ranging through Central America and northern South America....
        
         Noctilio albiventris LC
      • Greater Bulldog Bat
        Greater Bulldog Bat
        The greater bulldog bat or fisherman bat is a type of fishing bat native to Latin America. The bat uses echolocation to detect water ripples made by the fish upon which it preys, then uses the pouch between its legs to scoop the fish up and its sharp claws to catch and cling to it...
        
         Noctilio leporinus LC
• Family: Vespertilionidae
  • Subfamily: Myotinae
    • Genus: Myotis
      • Silver-tipped Myotis
        Silver-tipped Myotis
        The Silver-tipped Myotis is a species of mouse-eared bat found in a range of lowland habitats in the Americas.It is part of the Myotis genus of vesper bats, which includes a large number of common species across the world...
        
         Myotis albescens LC
      • Southwestern Myotis
        Southwestern Myotis
        The Southwestern Myotis is a species of vesper bat in the Vespertilionidae family.It is found in Guatemala, Mexico, and in Arizona and New Mexico in the United States....
        
         Myotis auriculus LC
      • California Myotis
        California Myotis
        The California Myotis is a species of vesper bat in the Vespertilionidae family.It is found in British Columbia in Canada, Guatemala, Mexico, and in the western United States, including California....
        
         Myotis californicus LC
      • Guatemalan Myotis
        Guatemalan Myotis
        The Guatemalan Myotis is a species of vesper bat in the Vespertilionidae family.It is found only in Guatemala.-Source:* Cajas, J. & Miller, B. 2008. . Downloaded on 28 February 2009....
        
         Myotis cobanensis DD
      • Elegant Myotis
        Elegant Myotis
        The Elegant Myotis is a species of vesper bat in the Vespertilionidae family.It is found in Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, and Nicaragua.-Source:...
        
         Myotis elegans LC
      • Cinnamon Myotis
        Cinnamon Myotis
        The Cinnamon Myotis is a species of vesper bat in the Vespertilionidae family.It is found in Guatemala and Mexico.-Source:* Perez, S., de Grammont, P.C. & Cuarón, A.D. 2008. . Downloaded on 28 February 2009....
        
         Myotis fortidens LC
      • Hairy-legged Myotis
        Hairy-legged Myotis
        The Hairy-Legged Myotis is a species of vesper bat in the Vespertilionidae family.It can be found in the following countries: Argentina, Belize, Bolivia, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, Trinidad and Tobago, and...
        
         Myotis keaysi LC
      • Black Myotis
        Black Myotis
        The Black Myotis , is a bat species from South and Central America.Its body is dark brown/black. The head to body length, not including the tail, is about 5cm . The Black Myotis is a tiny bat with a small pointed non-noseleaf snout. Its ears are pointy and triangular, and extremely sensitive...
        
         Myotis nigricans LC
      • Montane Myotis
        Montane Myotis
        The Montane Myotis is a species of vesper bat in the Vespertilionidae family.It is found in Bolivia, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Panama, and Venezuela.-References:...
        
         Myotis oxyotus LC
      • Riparian Myotis
        Riparian Myotis
        The Riparian Myotis , is a bat species from South and Central America....
        
         Myotis riparius LC
      • Fringed Myotis
        Fringed Myotis
        The Fringed Myotis is a species of vesper bat in the Vespertilionidae family.It is found in British Columbia in Canada, Mexico, and the western United States....
        
         Myotis thysanodes LC
      • Cave Myotis
        Cave Myotis
        The Cave Myotis is a species of vesper bat in the Vespertilionidae family.It is found in Belize, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico and in the southwest United States....
        
         Myotis velifer LC
  • Subfamily: Vespertilioninae
    Vespertilioninae
    Vespertilioninae is a subfamily of Vesper Bats from the family Vespertilionidae.-Classification:Subfamily Vespertilioninae*Tribe Eptesicini**Genus Arielulus***Collared Pipistrelle, Arielulus aureocollaris...
    
    
    • Genus: Bauerus
      • Van Gelder's Bat
        Van Gelder's Bat
        Van Gelder's Bat is a species of vesper bat in the Vespertilionidae family.It is found in Belize, Costa Rica, Honduras, and Mexico. It is monotypic within its genus...
        
         Bauerus dubiaquercus NT
    • Genus: Eptesicus
      Eptesicus
      Eptesicus is a genus of bats, commonly called house bats, in the family Vespertilionidae.The 25 species within this genus are:*Little black serotine *Bobrinski's Serotine...
      
      
      • Little Black Serotine Eptesicus andinus LC
      • Brazilian Brown Bat
        Brazilian Brown Bat
        The Brazilian Brown Bat, Eptesicus brasiliensis, is a bat species from South and Central America....
        
         Eptesicus brasiliensis LC
      • Chiriquinan Serotine Eptesicus chiriquinus LC
      • Argentine Brown Bat
        Argentine Brown Bat
        The Argentine Brown Bat , is a bat species from South and Central America....
        
         Eptesicus furinalis LC
      • Big brown bat
        Big brown bat
        The Big Brown Bat is larger in size than comparative species of bats, from about 4 to 5 inches in body length, with a 11-13 inch wingspan and weighing 1/2 to 5/8 ounce. The fur is moderately long, and shiny brown...
        
         Eptesicus fuscus LC
    • Genus: Lasiurus
      Lasiurus
      Lasiurus is the genus comprising hairy-tailed bats. The name Lasiurus is derived from the Greek lasios and oura . It contains some of the most attractive bats in the whole continent of North America including such species as the red bat, L. borealis, and the hoary bat, L. cinereus...
      
      
      • Desert red bat
        Desert red bat
        The desert red bat, also known as the Western Red Bat, is one of many species of bats. This particular one is from the Vespertilionidae family which is the largest family. It includes 35 genera and 318 species...
        
         Lasiurus blossevillii LC
      • Tacarcuna Bat
        Tacarcuna Bat
        The Tacarcuna Bat is a species of vesper bat in the Vespertilionidae family.It is found in Costa Rica, Panama and possibly Colombia.-References:...
        
         Lasiurus castaneus DD
      • Hoary bat
        Hoary bat
        The hoary bat is a species of bat in the vesper bat family, Vespertilionidae. It occurs throughout most of North America and much of South America, with disjunct populations in the Galapagos and Hawaiian Islands...
        
         Lasiurus cinereus LC
      • Southern Yellow Bat
        Southern Yellow Bat
        The Southern Yellow Bat , is a species of bat in the vesper bat family, Vespertilionidae. It is native to South, North and Central America, from the Rio Grande Valley of Texas in the United States to Argentina. This species roosts in trees and vegetation...
        
         Lasiurus ega LC
      • Big Red Bat
        Big Red Bat
        The Big Red Bat , is a bat species from South, North and Central America. It is found in Brazil and Panama....
        
         Lasiurus egregius DD
      • Northern Yellow Bat
        Northern Yellow Bat
        The Northern Yellow Bat is a species of vesper bat in the family Vespertilionidae. It can be found in the following countries: Belize, Costa Rica, Cuba, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, and United States....
        
         Lasiurus intermedius LC
    • Genus: Pipistrellus
      Pipistrellus
      Pipistrellus is a genus of bats in the family Vespertilionidae and subfamily Vespertilioninae. The name of the genus is derived from the Italian word Pipistrello, meaning "bat"....
      
      
      • Eastern Pipistrelle
        Eastern Pipistrelle
        The Tricolored Bat is a species of bat that is widely distributed throughout the eastern parts of North America, ranging west until Kansas and Texas, from Honduras up north until southern Ontario...
        
         Pipistrellus subflavus LC
    • Genus: Plecotus
      Plecotus
      The genus Plecotus consists of the lump-nosed bats. Many species in the genus have only been described and recognized in recent years.-Species:Genus Plecotus - Lump-nosed bats*Plecotus ariel*Brown Long-eared Bat, Plecotus auritus...
      
      
      • Mexican Big-eared Bat
        Mexican Big-eared Bat
        The Mexican Big-Eared Bat is a species of vesper bat in the Vespertilionidae family.It is found only in Mexico and Arizona.-References:* Arroyo-Cabrales, J. & Reid, F. 2008. . Downloaded on 03 March 2009....
        
         Plecotus mexicanus NT
    • Genus: Rhogeessa
      Rhogeessa
      Rhogeessa is a genus of bats within the "Vesper bats" family, Vespertilionidae. Species within this genus are:*Yucatan Yellow Bat *Allen's Yellow Bat *Genoways's Yellow Bat...
      
      
      • Yucatan Yellow Bat
        Yucatan Yellow Bat
        The Yucatan Yellow Bat, Rhogeessa aeneus, is a species of bat found in the Yucatán Peninsula in Mexico, and possibly also in Belize and Guatemala....
        
         Rhogeessa aeneus LC
      • Genoways's Yellow Bat
        Genoways's Yellow Bat
        Genoways's Yellow Bat is a species of vesper bat in the Vespertilionidae family.It is found only in Mexico.It is threatened by habitat loss.-Source:...
        
         Rhogeessa genowaysi EN
      • Slender Yellow Bat
        Slender Yellow Bat
        The Slender Yellow Bat is a species of vesper bat in the Vespertilionidae family.It is found only in Mexico.-Source:* Arroyo-Cabrales, J. & Ticul Alvarez Castaneda, S. 2008. . Downloaded on 03 March 2009....
        
         Rhogeessa gracilis LC
      • Thomas's Yellow Bat Rhogeessa io LC
      • Little Yellow Bat
        Little Yellow Bat
        The Little Yellow Bat is a species of vesper bat in the Vespertilionidae family.It is found only in Mexico.-Source:* Arroyo-Cabrales, J. & Ticul Alvarez Castaneda, S. 2008. . Downloaded on 3 March 2009....
        
         Rhogeessa parvula LC
      • Black-winged Little Yellow Bat
        Black-winged Little Yellow Bat
        The Black-winged Little Yellow Bat , is a Central American bat species found from Mexico to Costa Rica.-References:* Chiroptera Specialist Group 1996. . Downloaded on 26 October 2008.*...
        
         Rhogeessa tumida LC

• Family: Molossidae
  • • Genus: Cynomops
      Cynomops
      Cynomops is a genus of Central and South American bats in the family Molossidae. It has sometimes been considered a subgenus of Molossops...
      
      
      • Mexican Dog-faced Bat
        Mexican dog-faced bat
        The Mexican dog-faced bat is a bat species from Central America. It is found from Nayarit in Mexico to Costa Rica at elevations up to 1500 m. It was formerly considered a subspecies of C. greenhalli. It roosts in deciduous and evergreen forest, and is usually found near small bodies of water....
        
         Cynomops mexicanus LC
      • Southern Dog-faced Bat
        Southern Dog-faced Bat
        The Southern Dog-faced Bat , is a bat species from South and Central America....
        
         Cynomops planirostris LC
    • Genus: Eumops
      Eumops
      Eumops is a genus of bats in the family Molossidae.-Reference:* Baker, R.J.; McDonough, M.M.; Swier, V.J.; Larsen, P.A.; Carrera, J.P.; Ammerman, L.K. 2009. New species of bonneted bat, genus Eumops from the lowlands of western Ecuador and Peru. Acta Chiropterologica 11 : 1-13....
      
      
      • Black Bonneted Bat
        Black Bonneted Bat
        The Black Bonneted Bat , is a bat species from South and Central America.-References:* Barquez, R., Rodriguez, B., Miller, B. & Diaz, M. 2008. . Downloaded on 3 March 2009.*...
        
         Eumops auripendulus LC
      • Dwarf Bonneted Bat
        Dwarf Bonneted Bat
        The Dwarf Bonneted Bat , is a bat species from South and Central America.-References:* Chiroptera Specialist Group 1996. . Downloaded on 26 October 2008.*...
        
         Eumops bonariensis LC
      • Wagner's Bonneted Bat
        Wagner's Bonneted Bat
        Wagner's Bonneted Bat , is a species of bat in the family Molossidae. it is found in the Americas from Argentina and Peru north to Mexico, Cuba and Florida in the United States....
        
         Eumops glaucinus LC
      • Sanborn's Bonneted Bat
        Sanborn's Bonneted Bat
        Sanborn's Bonneted Bat , is a bat species from South and Central America.-References:* Chiroptera Specialist Group 1996. . Downloaded on 26 October 2008*...
        
         Eumops hansae LC
      • Underwood's Bonneted Bat
        Underwood's Bonneted Bat
        Underwood's Bonneted Bat is a species of bat in the family Molossidae. It is found in Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua and the United States....
        
         Eumops underwoodi LC
    • Genus: Molossus
      Molossus (genus)
      Molossus is a genus of bats. The genus contains ten species with a New World distribution from Mexico in the north to northern Argentina at its most southerly limit...
      
      
      • Black Mastiff Bat
        Black Mastiff Bat
        The Black Mastiff Bat , is a bat species from South and Central America.-References:* Barquez, R., Rodriguez, B., Miller, B. & Diaz, M. 2008. . Downloaded on 03 March 2009.*-External links:*...
        
         Molossus ater LC
      • Aztec Mastiff Bat
        Aztec mastiff bat
        The Aztec mastiff bat is a species of bat in the family Molossidae. It is found in Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras and Nicaragua in a variety of forest habitats at elevations from near sea level to 1300 m....
        
         Molossus aztecus LC
      • Bonda Mastiff Bat
        Bonda Mastiff Bat
        The Bonda Mastiff Bat or Thomas's mastiff bat , is a bat species from South and Central America.-References:* Chiroptera Specialist Group 1996. . Downloaded on 26 October 2008.*...
        
         Molossus currentium LC
      • Coiban Mastiff Bat
        Coiban mastiff bat
        The Coiban mastiff bat is a species of bat in the family Molossidae. It is found in Brazil, Peru, Ecuador, Venezuela, Panama, Costa Rica, El Salvador and Mexico in a variety of forest habitats at elevations from near sea level to 1300 m....
        
         Molossus coibensis LC
      • Velvety Free-tailed Bat
        Velvety Free-tailed Bat
        The Velvety Free-tailed Bat or Pallas's Mastiff Bat , is a bat species in the family Molossidae. It occurs in the Americas from Argentina north to Cuba and Mexico and also the Florida Keys in the United States....
        
         Molossus molossus LC
      • Miller's Mastiff Bat
        Miller's Mastiff Bat
        Miller's Mastiff Bat is a species of bat in the family Molossidae. It is found in Colombia, Costa Rica, Guyana, Mexico, Nicaragua, Trinidad and Tobago, and Venezuela.-References:...
        
         Molossus pretiosus LC
      • Sinaloan Mastiff Bat
        Sinaloan Mastiff Bat
        The Sinaloan Mastiff Bat is a species of bat in the family Molossidae. It is found in Belize, Colombia, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, and Venezuela....
        
         Molossus sinaloae LC
    • Genus: Nyctinomops
      Nyctinomops
      Nyctinomops is a genus of bats in the family Molossidae....
      
      
      • Peale's Free-tailed Bat
        Peale's Free-tailed Bat
        Peale's Free-tailed Bat is a bat species from South and Central America.-References:* Chiroptera Specialist Group 1996. . Downloaded on 26 October 2008.*...
        
         Nyctinomops aurispinosus LC
      • Broad-eared Bat
        Broad-eared Bat
        The Broad-eared Bat , is a bat species from South and Central America.-References:* Chiroptera Specialist Group 1996. . Downloaded on 26 October 2008.*-External links:...
        
         Nyctinomops laticaudatus LC
      • Big Free-tailed Bat
        Big Free-tailed Bat
        The Big Free-tailed Bat is a bat species found in South, North and Central America. They have a wingspan of 435 mm and an average length of 140 mm. This bat frequents rocky or canyon country where it roosts in crevices. This migratory species is a swift, powerful flier, and occasional individuals...
        
         Nyctinomops macrotis LC
    • Genus: Promops
      Promops
      Promops is a genus of molossid bats.-Species:Promops is a genus of molossid bats.-Species:Promops is a genus of molossid bats.-Species::Promops centralis - big crested mastiff bat:Promops nasutus - brown mastiff bat...
      
      
      • Big Crested Mastiff Bat
        Big Crested Mastiff Bat
        The Big Crested Mastiff Bat , is a bat species from South and Central America.-References:* Chiroptera Specialist Group 1996. . Downloaded on 26 October 2008.*...
        
         Promops centralis LC
    • Genus: Tadarida
      Tadarida
      The genus Tadarida has ten or more species of bats divided into two subgenera, with the first of these containing seven species spread across the Old World...
      
      
      • Mexican Free-tailed Bat
        Mexican Free-tailed Bat
        The Mexican free-tailed bat , also known as the Brazilian free-tailed bat, is a medium-sized bat that is native to the Americas and is widely regarded as one of the most abundant mammals in North America...
        
         Tadarida brasiliensis LC
• Family: Emballonuridae
  • • Genus: Balantiopteryx
      Balantiopteryx
      Balantiopteryx is a genus of sac-winged bats. It comprises three species:*Balantiopteryx infusca *Balantiopteryx io *Balantiopteryx plicata -External links:*...
      
      
      • Thomas's Sac-winged Bat
        Thomas's Sac-Winged Bat
        Thomas's Sac-winged Bat is a species of sac-winged bat in the family Emballonuridae.It is found in Belize, Guatemala, and Mexico.-References:* Chiroptera Specialist Group 1996. . Downloaded on 19 July 2007....
        
         Balantiopteryx io VU
      • Gray Sac-winged Bat
        Gray Sac-Winged Bat
        The Gray Sac-winged Bat is a species of sac-winged bat in the family Emballonuridae. It is found in Mexico from Baja California Sur and Sonora to Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica and northern Colombia, at elevations up to 1500 m....
        
         Balantiopteryx plicata LC
    • Genus: Cormura
      • Chestnut Sac-Winged Bat
        Chestnut Sac-Winged Bat
        The Chestnut Sac-winged Bat or Wagner's Sac-winged Bat is a species of sac-winged bat . It is found in Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests...
        
         Cormura brevirostris LC
    • Genus: Cyttarops
      • Short-eared Bat
        Short-eared Bat
        The Short-eared Bat, Cyttarops alecto, is a bat species from South and Central America. It is found in Brazil, Costa Rica, Guyana and Nicaragua. It is monotypic within its genus.-References:...
        
         Cyttarops alecto LC
    • Genus: Diclidurus
      Diclidurus
      Diclidurus is a genus of bats whose common name is the ghost bats. They all inhabit South America and sometimes also Central America....
      
      
      • Northern Ghost Bat
        Northern Ghost Bat
        The Northern Ghost Bat or Jumby Bat, Diclidurus albus, is a bat species from South America, Trinidad, and Central America. It is a relatively rare, completely white, insectivorous bat, with an unusual sac at the base of its tail. Specimens have been found infected with rabies in...
        
         Diclidurus albus LC
    • Genus: Peropteryx
      Peropteryx
      Peropteryx is a genus of 5 species of bat in the family Emballonuridae, namely:*Greater Dog-like Bat *White-winged Dog-like Bat *Lesser Dog-like Bat...
      
      
      • Greater Dog-like Bat
        Greater Dog-like Bat
        The Greater Dog-like Bat, Peropteryx kappleri, is a bat species from Central America and South America. It is found from southern Mexico through Brazil and Peru.The Greater Dog-like Bat is so named due to its remarkably dog-like characteristics....
        
         Peropteryx kappleri LC
      • Lesser Doglike Bat
        Lesser Doglike Bat
        The Lesser Dog-like Bat, Peropteryx macrotis, is a bat species from South and Central America.-References:* Chiroptera Specialist Group 1996. . Downloaded on 26 October 2008.*...
        
         Peropteryx macrotis LC
    • Genus: Rhynchonycteris
      • Proboscis Bat
        Proboscis Bat
        The proboscis bat, Rhynchonycteris naso, is a bat species from South and Central America. Other common names include sharp-nosed bat, Brazilian long-nosed bat and river bat in English, and murciélago narizón in Spanish. It is monotypic within its genus.This species is in the family Emballonuridae,...
        
         Rhynchonycteris naso LC
    • Genus: Saccopteryx
      Saccopteryx
      Saccopteryx is a genus of sac-winged bats from Central and South America. The species within this genus are:*Antioquian Sac-winged Bat Saccopteryx antioquensis*Greater Sac-winged Bat Saccopteryx bilineata...
      
      
      • Greater Sac-winged Bat
        Greater Sac-winged Bat
        The Greater Sac-winged Bat, Saccopteryx bilineata, is a bat of the family Emballonuridae native to Middle and South America.They are the most common bats seen in the rainforest as they often roost on the outside of large trees. They are insectivores and use echolocation calls through the mouth to...
        
         Saccopteryx bilineata LC
      • Lesser Sac-winged Bat
        Lesser Sac-winged Bat
        The Lesser Sac-winged Bat is a bat species of the family Emballonuridae from South and Middle America.-References:*...
        
         Saccopteryx leptura LC
• Family: Mormoopidae
  Mormoopidae
  The family Mormoopidae contains bats known generally as mustached bats, ghost-faced bats, and naked-backed bats. They are found in the Americas from the Southwestern United States to Southeastern Brazil....
  
  
  • • Genus: Mormoops
      Mormoops
      Mormoops is a genus of bat in the family Mormoopidae.It contains the following species:* Antillean Ghost-faced Bat * Giant Ghost-faced Bat * Ghost-faced Bat...
      
      
      • Ghost-faced Bat
        Ghost-faced Bat
        The Ghost-faced Bat is a bat in the genus Mormoops. It occurs in Belize, Colombia, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico. Peru, Trinidad and Tobago, Venezuela and in Texas in the United States. Mormoops megalophylla is one of only two extant species within it genus, the other being...
        
         Mormoops megalophylla LC
        
    • Genus: Pteronotus
      Pteronotus
      Pteronotus is a genus of bats. Seven extant species have been recognized, as well as one relatively recently extinct species-References:...
      
      
      • Davy's Naked-backed Bat
        Davy's Naked-backed Bat
        Davy's Naked-backed Bat, Pteronotus davyi, is a small insect-eating, cave-dwelling bat and is found throughout South and Central America, including Trinidad, but not Tobago. Its wings are attached to the top of its body instead of to the sides, as in all other bat species. Specimens of this bat...
        
         Pteronotus davyi LC
      • Big Naked-backed Bat
        Big Naked-backed Bat
        The Big Naked-backed Bat, Pteronotus gymnonotus, is a bat species from South and Central America.-References:*...
        
         Pteronotus gymnonotus LC
      • Parnell's Mustached Bat
        Parnell's Mustached Bat
        Parnell's Mustached Bat, Pteronotus parnellii is an insectivorous bat native to North, Central and South America. This bat species ranges from southern Sonora, Mexico south to Brazil. Historically, it had a wider range as fossil specimens have been collected on the island of New Providence,...
        
         Pteronotus parnellii LC
      • Wagner's Mustached Bat
        Wagner's Mustached Bat
        Wagner's Mustached Bat, Pteronotus personatus, is a bat species from South and Central America. It is one of the few New World bats species known to perform Doppler-shift compensation behavior.-Description:...
        
         Pteronotus personatus LC

• Family: Phyllostomidae
  • Subfamily: Phyllostominae
    Phyllostominae
    Phyllostominae is a subfamily of bats.-List of species:Subfamily Phyllostominae* Tribe Micronycterini**Genus: Glyphonycteris***Behn's Bat, Glyphonycteris behnii***Davies's Big-eared Bat, Glyphonycteris daviesi...
    
    
    • Genus: Chrotopterus
      • Big-eared Wooly Bat
        Big-eared Wooly Bat
        The Big-eared Woolly Bat , Chrotopterus auritus, is a bat species native to Central and South America, where it is found from southern Mexico to northern Argentina, Paraguay and southern Brazil...
        
         Chrotopterus auritus LC
    • Genus: Glyphonycteris
      Glyphonycteris
      Glyphonycteris is a genus of bat in the family Phyllostomidae.It contains the following species:* Behn's Bat * Davies's Big-eared Bat * Tricolored Big-eared Bat...
      
      
      • Davies's Big-eared Bat
        Davies's Big-eared Bat
        Davies's Big-eared Bat or the Graybeard Bat is a species of bat in the family Phyllostomidae. It is found in Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Honduras, Panama, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, and Venezuela.-Source:* Ochoa, J. & Velazco, P. 2008. . Downloaded...
        
         Glyphonycteris daviesi LC
      • Tricolored Big-eared Bat
        Tricolored Big-eared Bat
        The Tricolored Big-eared Bat, Glyphonycteris sylvestris, is a bat species from South and Central America.-References:* Zortea, M., Sampaio, E., Lim, B., Peters, S. & Arroyo-Cabrales, J. 2008. . Downloaded on 04 March 2009.*...
        
         Glyphonycteris sylvestris LC
    • Genus: Lampronycteris
      • Yellow-throated Big-eared Bat
        Yellow-throated Big-eared Bat
        The Yellow-throated Big-eared Bat, Lampronycteris brachyotis , is a species of bat from South and Central America, where it ranges from southern Mexico to Brazil. It is monotypic within the genus Lampronycteris....
        
         Lampronycteris brachyotis LC
    • Genus: Lonchorhina
      Lonchorhina
      Lonchorhina is a genus of Central and South American bats in the family Phyllostomidae.-Species:Genus Lonchorhina - Sword-nosed Bats*Tomes's Sword-nosed Bat, Lonchorhina aurita - Tomes, 1863...
      
      
      • Tomes's Sword-nosed Bat
        Tomes's Sword-nosed Bat
        Tomes's Sword-nosed Bat, Lonchorhina aurita, is a bat species from South and Central America. Also found in the Bahamas, known only from one specimen collected on the island of New Providence.-References:...
        
         Lonchorhina aurita LC
    • Genus: Lophostoma
      Lophostoma
      Lophostoma is a genus of Central and South American bats in the family Phyllostomidae.-Species:Genus Lophostoma*Equatorial Round-eared Bat, Lophostoma aequatorialis*Pygmy Round-eared Bat, Lophostoma brasiliense...
      
      
      • Pygmy Round-eared Bat
        Pygmy Round-eared Bat
        The Pygmy Round-eared Bat, Lophostoma brasiliense, is a bat species from South and Central America.-References:* Chiroptera Specialist Group 1996. . Downloaded on 26 October 2008.*...
        
         Lophostoma brasiliense LC
      • Davis's Round-eared Bat
        Davis's Round-eared Bat
        Davis's Round-eared Bat is a species of Central American bat in the family Phyllostomidae . It is found in Belize, Guatemala, Honduras, and southeastern Mexico.-Source:...
        
         Lophostoma evotis LC
      • White-throated Round-eared Bat
        White-throated Round-eared Bat
        The White-throated Round-eared Bat, Lophostoma silvicolum, is a South and Central American bat species, found from Honduras to Bolivia, Paraguay and Brazil. It creates roosts inside the nests of the termite, Nasutitermes corniger....
        
         Lophostoma silvicolum LC
    • Genus: Macrophyllum
      • Long-legged Bat
        Long-legged Bat
        The Long-legged Bat, Macrophyllum macrophyllum, is a bat species from South and Central America. It is monotypic in its genus.It hunts close over the water surfaces of lakes and slowly flowing streams, where it seizes insects right above or directly off the surface in a manner similar to Noctilio...
        
         Macrophyllum macrophyllum LC
    • Genus: Macrotus
      Macrotus
      Macrotus is a genus of bats in the Neotropical family Phyllostomidae. This genus contains two species, Macrotus californicus commonly known as California Leaf-nosed Bat and Macrotus waterhousii commonly known as Mexican or Waterhouse's Leaf-nosed Bat...
      
      
      • Waterhouse's Leaf-nosed Bat
        Waterhouse's Leaf-nosed Bat
        Waterhouse's Leaf-nosed Bat is a species of bat in the family Phyllostomidae. It is found in Bahamas, Cayman Islands, Cuba, the Dominican Republic, Guatemala, Haiti, Jamaica, Mexico, and Puerto Rico.Waterhousii is also a big eared Bat which has ranges from Sonora to Hidalgo Mexico, south to...
        
         Macrotus waterhousii LC
    • Genus: Micronycteris
      Micronycteris
      Micronycteris is a genus of leaf-nosed bats.-List of species:Genus Micronycteris - Little Big-eared Bats*Brosset's Big-eared Bat, Micronycteris brosseti*Giovanni's Big-eared Bat, Micronycteris giovanniae...
      
      
      • Hairy Big-eared Bat
        Hairy Big-eared Bat
        The Hairy Big-eared Bat, Micronycteris hirsuta, is a bat species from South and Central America....
        
         Micronycteris hirsuta LC
      • White-bellied Big-eared Bat
        White-bellied Big-eared Bat
        The White-bellied Big-eared Bat, Micronycteris minuta, is a bat species from South and Central America....
        
         Micronycteris minuta LC
      • Schmidts's Big-eared Bat
        Schmidts's Big-eared Bat
        Schmidts's Big-eared Bat, Micronycteris schmidtorum, is a bat species from South and Central America.-References:* Chiroptera Specialist Group 1996. . Downloaded on 26 October 2008.*...
        
         Micronycteris schmidtorum LC
    • Genus: Mimon
      Mimon
      Mimoň is a town in the Czech Republic.- People :* Rudolf Watzke , bass singer* Rudolf Schicketanz , Nazi politician* Hans Watzek , poltician...
      
      
      • Cozumelan Golden Bat Mimon cozumelae LC
      • Striped Hairy-nosed Bat
        Striped Hairy-nosed Bat
        The Striped Hairy-nosed Bat, Mimon crenulatum, is a bat species from South and Central America. It is found in Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname and Venezuela.-References:...
        
         Mimon crenulatum LC
    • Genus: Phylloderma
      • Pale-faced Bat
        Pale-faced Bat
        The Pale-faced Bat, Phylloderma stenops, is a bat species from South and Central America.-References:* Chiroptera Specialist Group 1996. . Downloaded on 26 October 2008.*...
        
         Phylloderma stenops LC
    • Genus: Phyllostomus
      Phyllostomus
      Phyllostomus is a genus of leaf-nosed bat. It contains four described species.-Species:Genus Phyllostomus - Spear-nosed Bats*Pale Spear-nosed Bat, Phyllostomus discolor*Lesser Spear-nosed Bat, Phyllostomus elongatus...
      
      
      • Pale Spear-nosed Bat
        Pale Spear-nosed Bat
        The Pale Spear-nosed Bat, Phyllostomus discolor, is a bat species from South and Central America. It ranges from southern Mexico to Peru, Bolivia, Paraguay, northern Argentina and southeast Brazil.It eats flowers and fruit as well as insects...
        
         Phyllostomus discolor LC
      • Greater Spear-nosed Bat
        Greater Spear-nosed Bat
        The Greater Spear-nosed Bat, Phyllostomus hastatus, is a bat species of the family Phyllostomidae from South and Central America. It is one of the larger bats of this region, and is omnivorous.- Habitat :...
        
         Phyllostomus hastatus LC
    • Genus: Tonatia
      Tonatia
      Tonatia is a genus of South and Central American phyllostomid bats.-Species:Tonatia is a genus of South and Central American phyllostomid bats.-Species:Tonatia is a genus of South and Central American phyllostomid bats....
      
      
      • Stripe-headed Round-eared Bat
        Stripe-headed Round-eared Bat
        The Stripe-headed Round-eared Bat, Tonatia saurophila, is a bat species from South and Central America.-References:* Chiroptera Specialist Group 1996. . Downloaded on 26 October 2008.*...
        
         Tonatia saurophila LC
    • Genus: Trachops
      • Fringe-lipped Bat
        Fringe-lipped Bat
        OnThe Fringe-lipped Bat , also known as the Frog-eating Bat, is a leaf-nosed bat. It has three subspecies currently known today. It ranges from southern Mexico to Bolivia and southern Brazil. The species is monotypic within its genus.-Description:The fringe-lipped bat has a total length of 7.84 mm...
        
         Trachops cirrhosus LC
    • Genus: Trinycteris
      • Niceforo's Big-eared Bat
        Niceforo's Big-eared Bat
        Niceforo's Big-eared Bat, Trinycteris nicefori, is a bat species from South and Central America. It is monotypic within its genus....
        
         Trinycteris nicefori LC
    • Genus: Vampyrum
      • Spectral Bat
        Spectral Bat
        The Spectral Bat is a large, carnivorous leaf-nosed bat. Some alternate names for this species are the False Vampire Bat, Linnaeus's False Vampire Bat and the Spectral Vampire Bat...
        
         Vampyrum spectrum NT
  • Subfamily: Glossophaginae
    Glossophaginae
    Glossophaginae is a subfamily of leaf-nosed bats.-List of species:Subfamily: Glossophaginae* Tribe Glossophagini**Genus: Anoura - Geoffroy's Long-nosed Bats***Anoura aequatoris***Cadena's Tailless Bat, Anoura cadenai...
    
    
    • Genus: Anoura
      Anoura
      Anoura is a genus of leaf-nosed bats from Central and South America.-Species:*Anoura aequatoris*Cadena's Tailless Bat, Anoura cadenai*Anoura canishina*Tailed Tailless Bat, Anoura caudifer*Handley's Tailless Bat, Anoura cultrata...
      
      
      • Handley's Tailless Bat
        Handley's Tailless Bat
        Handley's Tailless Bat is a species of bat in the family Phyllostomidae. It is found in Bolivia, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Panama, Peru, and Venezuela....
        
         Anoura cultrata NT
      • Geoffroy's Tailless Bat
        Geoffroy's Tailless Bat
        Geoffroy's Tailless Bat , is a bat species from South and Central America, where it is found from central Mexico to Bolivia and southeastern Brazil.-Habitat:...
        
         Anoura geoffroyi LC
    • Genus: Choeroniscus
      Choeroniscus
      Choeroniscus is a genus of bat in the family Phyllostomidae.It contains the following species:* Godman's Long-tailed Bat * Greater Long-tailed Bat...
      
      
      • Godman's Long-tailed Bat
        Godman's Long-tailed Bat
        Godman's Long-tailed Bat is a species of bat in the family Phyllostomidae. It is found in Colombia, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Suriname, and Venezuela.-Source:...
        
         Choeroniscus godmani LC
    • Genus: Choeronycteris
      • Mexican Long-tongued Bat
        Mexican Long-tongued Bat
        The Mexican Long-tongued Bat is a species of bat in the family Phyllostomidae. It is monotypic within the genus Choeronycteris. The species is found in El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, and the United States.Mexican long-tongued bats feed on nectar and pollen from agaves and other plants...
        
         Choeronycteris mexicana NT
    • Genus: Glossophaga
      Glossophaga
      Glossophaga is a genus of bats in the leaf-nosed bat family, Phyllostomidae. Members of the genus are native to the American Neotropics.-Species:*G. commissarisi : Commissaris's Long-tongued Bat - Central and South America...
      
      
      • Commissaris's Long-tongued Bat
        Commissaris's Long-tongued Bat
        Commissaris's Long-tongued Bat, Glossophaga commissarisi, is a bat species from South and Central America.-References:* Chiroptera Specialist Group 1996. . Downloaded on 26 October 2008.*...
        
         Glossophaga commissarisi LC
      • Gray Long-tongued Bat
        Gray Long-tongued Bat
        The Gray Long-tongued Bat is a species of bat in the family Phyllostomidae. It is found in Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, and Nicaragua.-References:...
        
         Glossophaga leachii LC
      • Western Long-tongued Bat
        Western Long-tongued Bat
        The Western Long-tongued Bat is a species of bat in the family Phyllostomidae. It is endemic to Mexico.-Source:...
        
         Glossophaga morenoi LC
      • Pallas's Long-tongued Bat
        Pallas's Long-tongued Bat
        Pallas's Long-tongued Bat, Glossophaga soricina, is a South and Central American bat. It has the fastest metabolism ever recorded in a mammal, similar to those of hummingbirds...
        
         Glossophaga soricina LC
    • Genus: Hylonycteris
      • Underwood's Long-tongued Bat
        Underwood's Long-tongued Bat
        Underwood's Long-tongued Bat is a species of bat in the family Phyllostomidae. It is monotypic within the genus Hylonycteris. It is found in Belize, Guatemala, Mexico, Nicaragua, and Panama.-References:...
        
         Hylonycteris underwoodi LC
    • Genus: Leptonycteris
      • Southern Long-nosed Bat
        Southern Long-nosed Bat
        The Southern Long-nosed Bat is a species of bat in the family Phyllostomidae. It is found in Aruba, Colombia, Venezuela, and the Netherlands Antilles. Its roosts in caves and mines, but only breeds in specific caves on islands....
        
         Leptonycteris curasoae VU
      • Greater Long-nosed Bat
        Greater Long-nosed Bat
        The Greater Long-nosed Bat or Mexican Long-nosed Bat is a species of bat in the family Phyllostomidae. It is found in Mexico, the United States, and in Guatemala. Its natural habitat is temperate forests. It is threatened by habitat loss...
        
         Leptonycteris nivalis EN
    • Genus: Lichonycteris
      • Dark Long-tongued Bat
        Dark Long-tongued Bat
        The Dark Long-tongued Bat, Lichonycteris obscura, is a bat species from South and Central America. It is monotypic within its genus.-References:* Chiroptera Specialist Group 1996. . Downloaded on 26 October 2008.*...
        
         Lichonycteris obscura LC
    • Genus: Lionycteris
      • Chestnut Long-tongued Bat
        Chestnut Long-tongued Bat
        The Chestnut Long-tongued Bat, Lionycteris spurrelli, is a bat species from South and Central America. It is monotypic within its genus....
        
         Lionycteris spurrelli LC
    • Genus: Lonchophylla
      Lonchophylla
      Lonchophylla is a genus of bats in the family Phyllostomidae.-List of species:Genus Lonchophylla*Bokermann's Nectar Bat, Lonchophylla bokermanni*Cadena's Long-tongued Bat, Lonchophylla cadenai...
      
      
      • Lonchophylla concava NT
      • Godman's Nectar Bat
        Godman's Nectar Bat
        Godman's Nectar Bat, Lonchophylla mordax, is a bat species from South and Central America. It is found in Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador and Panama....
        
         Lonchophylla mordax LC
      • Orange Nectar Bat
        Orange Nectar Bat
        The Orange Nectar Bat is a species of bat in the family Phyllostomidae. It is found in Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, and Venezuela.-References:...
        
         Lonchophylla robusta LC
      • Thomas's Nectar Bat
        Thomas's Nectar Bat
        Thomas's Nectar Bat, Lonchophylla thomasi, is a bat species from South and Central America....
        
         Lonchophylla thomasi LC
  • Subfamily: Carolliinae
    Carolliinae
    Carolliinae is a subfamily of bats.-Classification:Subfamily Carolliinae*Genus: Carollia - Short-tailed Leaf-nosed Bats**Benkeith's short-tailed Bat, Carollia benkeithi**Silky Short-tailed Bat, Carollia brevicauda...
    
    
    • Genus: Carollia
      Carollia
      Carollia is a genus of bats often referred to as the short-tailed fruit bats. Along with the genus, Rhinophylla, Carollia makes up the subfamily Carolliinae of family Phyllostomidae, the leaf-nosed bats. Currently, nine species of Carollia are recognized, with a number having been described since...
      
      
      • Silky Short-tailed Bat
        Silky Short-tailed Bat
        The Silky Short-tailed Bat, Carollia brevicauda, is a bat species from South and Central America. It is found in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Panama, Peru, Suriname, Mexico and Venezuela.-References:...
        
         Carollia brevicauda LC
      • Chestnut Short-tailed Bat
        Chestnut Short-tailed Bat
        The Chestnut Short-tailed Bat, Carollia castanea, is a bat species from South and Central America....
        
         Carollia castanea LC
      • Seba's Short-tailed Bat
        Seba's Short-tailed Bat
        Seba's Short-tailed Bat, Carollia perspicillata, is a common and widespread bat species from South and Central America.C. perspicillata dwells in both moist evergreen and dry deciduous forests, usually below 1,000 meters altitude, typically roosting in groups of 10-100 bats in caves, hollow trees,...
        
         Carollia perspicillata LC
      • Sowell's Short-tailed Bat
        Sowell's short-tailed bat
        Sowell's short-tailed bat, Carollia sowelli, is a common bat species in the family Phyllostomidae. It is found from San Luis Potosi through Central America to west Panama. The species is named after American philanthropist James N. Sowell....
        
         Carollia sowelli LC
      • Gray Short-tailed Bat
        Gray Short-tailed Bat
        The Gray Short-tailed Bat is a species of bat in the family Phyllostomidae. It is found in El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, and Nicaragua.-References:...
        
         Carollia subrufa LC
  • Subfamily: Stenodermatinae
    Stenodermatinae
    Stenodermatinae is a large subfamily of bats in the family Phyllostomidae.-List of species:Subfamily Stenodermatinae*Genus: Ametrida**Little White-shouldered Bat, Ametrida centurio*Genus: Ardops**Tree Bat, Ardops nichollsi...
    
    
    • Genus: Ametrida
      • Little White-shouldered Bat
        Little White-shouldered Bat
        The Little White-shouldered Bat, Ametrida centurio, is a bat species from South and Central America. It is monotypic within its genus.-References:*...
        
         Ametrida centurio LC
    • Genus: Artibeus
      Artibeus
      The Neotropical fruit bats are a genus of bats within the subfamily Stenodermatinae. The genus consists of 21 species, which are native to Central and South America, as well as parts of the Caribbean.-Description:...
      
      
      • Aztec Fruit-eating Bat
        Aztec Fruit-eating Bat
        The Aztec Fruit-eating Bat is a species of bat in the family Phyllostomidae. It is found in Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, and Panama.-References:...
        
         Artibeus aztecus LC
      • Solitary Fruit-eating Bat
        Solitary fruit-eating bat
        The solitary fruit-eating bat, Artibeus incomitatus, is a species of bat in the family Phyllostomidae. It is endemic to a small island off the Caribbean coast of Panama, Isla Escudo de Veraguas, and is considered to be critically endangered. The species is frugivorous....
        
         Artibeus incomitatus CR
      • Honduran Fruit-eating Bat
        Honduran Fruit-eating Bat
        The Honduran Fruit-eating Bat is a species of bat in the family Phyllostomidae. It is found in El Salvador, Honduras, and Nicaragua.-References:* Reid, F. & Medina, A. 2008. . Downloaded on 28 February 2009....
        
         Artibeus inopinatus DD
      • Jamaican fruit bat
        Jamaican fruit bat
        The Jamaican, Common or Mexican fruit bat is a fruit bat native to Central and South America, as well as the Greater and many of the Lesser Antilles. It is also an uncommon resident of the Southern Bahamas...
        
         Artibeus jamaicensis LC
      • Great Fruit-eating Bat
        Great Fruit-eating Bat
        The Great Fruit-eating Bat , is a bat species in the family Phyllostomidae from South and Central America. It is found from Mexico to Brazil and Argentina, as well as in Barbados, Grenada, Martinique, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines and Trinidad and Tobago.They are 10.5 g at birth and...
        
         Artibeus lituratus LC
      • Pygmy Fruit-eating Bat
        Pygmy Fruit-eating Bat
        The pygmy fruit-eating bat, Artibeus phaeotis, is a bat of the family Phyllostomidae. The specific name phaeotis is of Greek derivation, coming from the word phaios meaning dusky, referring to their dusky gray coloration.-Biogeography:...
        
         Artibeus phaeotis LC
      • Toltec Fruit-eating Bat
        Toltec Fruit-eating Bat
        The Toltec Fruit-eating Bat is a species of bat in the family Phyllostomidae. It is found in Belize, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, and Panama.-References:...
        
         Artibeus toltecus LC
    • Genus: Centurio
      Wrinkle-faced Bat
      The Wrinkle-faced Bat is a species of bat in the family Phyllostomidae. It is the only identified member of the genus Centurio. It is found in various countries in and around Central America. It eats fruit but is not classified within the fruit bats. It is classified as a leaf-nosed bat but does...
      
      
      • Wrinkle-faced Bat
        Wrinkle-faced Bat
        The Wrinkle-faced Bat is a species of bat in the family Phyllostomidae. It is the only identified member of the genus Centurio. It is found in various countries in and around Central America. It eats fruit but is not classified within the fruit bats. It is classified as a leaf-nosed bat but does...
        
         Centurio senex LC
    • Genus: Chiroderma
      Chiroderma
      Chiroderma is a genus of leaf-nosed bat found in Central America, South America and the Lesser Antilles.-Species:Genus Chiroderma - Big-eyed Bats or White-lined Bats*Brazilian Big-eyed Bat, Chiroderma doriae...
      
      
      • Salvin's Big-eyed Bat
        Salvin's Big-eyed Bat
        Salvin's Big-eyed Bat is a species of bat in the family Phyllostomidae. It is found in Bolivia, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Panama, Peru, and Venezuela.-References:...
        
         Chiroderma salvini LC
      • Little Big-eyed Bat
        Little Big-eyed Bat
        The Little Big-eyed Bat, Chiroderma trinitatum, is a bat species from South and Central America....
        
         Chiroderma trinitatum LC
      • Hairy Big-eyed Bat
        Hairy Big-eyed Bat
        The Hairy Big-eyed Bat, Chiroderma villosum, is a bat species from South and Central America.-References:* Chiroptera Specialist Group 1996. . Downloaded on 26 October 2008.*...
        
         Chiroderma villosum LC
    • Genus: Ectophylla
      • Honduran white bat
        Honduran white bat
        The Honduran white bat has snow white fur and a yellow nose and ears. It is tiny, only 3.7-4.7cm long. The only member of the genus Ectophylla, it is found in Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica and western Panama at elevations from sea level to 700 m...
        
         Ectophylla alba NT
    • Genus: Enchisthenes
      • Velvety Fruit-eating Bat
        Velvety Fruit-eating Bat
        The Velvety Fruit-eating Bat is a species of bat in the family Phyllostomidae. It is monotypic within the genus Enchisthenes. It is found in Bolivia, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Panama, Peru, the United States, and Venezuela....
        
         Enchisthenes hartii LC
    • Genus: Mesophylla
      • MacConnell's Bat
        MacConnell's Bat
        MacConnell's Bat, Mesophylla macconnelli, is a bat species from South and Central America. It is monotypic within its genus....
        
         Mesophylla macconnelli LC
    • Genus: Platyrrhinus
      Platyrrhinus
      Platyrrhinus is a genus of leaf-nosed bats.-Species:Genus Platyrrhinus*Alberico's Broad-nosed Bat, Platyrrhinus albericoi*Platyrrhinus angustirostris*Platyrrhinus aquilus...
      
      
      • Thomas's Broad-nosed Bat
        Thomas's Broad-nosed Bat
        Thomas's Broad-nosed Bat is a species of bat in the family Phyllostomidae. It is found in Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Panama, and Peru.-References:* Chiroptera Specialist Group 1996. . Downloaded on 30 July 2007....
        
         Platyrrhinus dorsalis LC
      • Heller's Broad-nosed Bat
        Heller's Broad-nosed Bat
        Heller's Broad-nosed Bat, Platyrrhinus helleri, is a bat species from South and Central America.-References:* Miller, B., Reid, F., Arroyo-Cabrales, J., Cuarón, A.D. & de Grammont, P.C. 2008. . Downloaded on 28 February 2009.*...
        
         Platyrrhinus helleri LC
      • Greater Broad-nosed Bat
        Greater Broad-nosed Bat
        The Greater Broad-nosed Bat is a species of bat in the family Phyllostomidae. It is found in Bolivia, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Panama, Peru, and Venezuela.-References:...
        
         Platyrrhinus vittatus LC
    • Genus: Sturnira
      Sturnira
      Sturnira is a genus of bat in the family Phyllostomidae.It contains the following species:* Aratathomas's Yellow-shouldered Bat, Sturnira aratathomasi* Bidentate Yellow-shouldered Bat, Sturnira bidens...
      
      
      • Little Yellow-shouldered Bat
        Little Yellow-shouldered Bat
        The Little Yellow-shouldered Bat, Sturnira lilium, is a bat species from South and Central America. The Little Yellow-shouldered Bat is a frugivor.-References:* Chiroptera Specialist Group 1996. . Downloaded on 26 October 2008.*...
        
         Sturnira lilium LC
      • Highland Yellow-shouldered Bat
        Highland Yellow-shouldered Bat
        The Highland Yellow-shouldered Bat is a species of bat in the family Phyllostomidae. It is found in Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, and Venezuela.-References:...
        
         Sturnira ludovici LC
      • Louis's Yellow-shouldered Bat
        Louis's Yellow-shouldered Bat
        Louis's Yellow-shouldered Bat is a species of bat in the family Phyllostomidae. It is found in Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Panama, and Peru.-References:* Chiroptera Specialist Group 1996. . Downloaded on 30 July 2007....
        
         Sturnira luisi LC
      • Talamancan Yellow-shouldered Bat
        Talamancan Yellow-shouldered Bat
        The Talamancan Yellow-shouldered Bat is a species of bat in the family Phyllostomidae. It is found in Colombia, Costa Rica, and Panama.-Source:* Chiroptera Specialist Group 1996. . Downloaded on 30 July 2007....
        
         Sturnira mordax NT
    • Genus: Uroderma
      Uroderma
      Uroderma is a genus of Central and South American phyllostomid bats.-Species:Uroderma is a genus of Central and South American phyllostomid bats.-Species:Uroderma is a genus of Central and South American phyllostomid bats....
      
      
      • Tent-making Bat
        Tent-making Bat
        The Tent-making Bat, Uroderma bilobatum, is a bat species from South and Central America. It lives in hollowed out trees. It is sometimes speculated that the bat is green in color, even though it is only thought so because of the "tent" the bat makes is made out a leaf that is green in color, in...
        
         Uroderma bilobatum LC
      • Brown Tent-making Bat
        Brown Tent-making Bat
        The Brown Tent-making Bat, Uroderma magnirostrum, is a bat species from South and Central America.-References:* Chiroptera Specialist Group 1996. . Downloaded on 26 October 2008.*...
        
         Uroderma magnirostrum LC
    • Genus: Vampyressa
      Vampyressa
      Vampyressa is a genus of bat in the family Phyllostomidae.It contains the following species:* Bidentate Yellow-eared Bat * Brock's Yellow-eared Bat * Melissa's Yellow-eared Bat...
      
      
      • Striped Yellow-eared Bat
        Striped Yellow-eared Bat
        The Striped Yellow-eared Bat is a species of bat in the family Phyllostomidae. It is found in Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Nicaragua, and Panama.-References:...
        
         Vampyressa nymphaea LC
    • Genus: Vampyrodes
      • Great Stripe-faced Bat
        Great Stripe-faced Bat
        The Great Stripe-faced Bat, Vampyrodes caraccioli, is a bat species from South and Central America, where it is found from southern Mexico to Bolivia and northwestern Brazil, as well as on Trinidad. The Great Stripe-faced Bat is a frugivore. It is monotypic within its genus....
        
         Vampyrodes caraccioli LC
  • Subfamily: Desmodontinae
    • Genus: Desmodus
      Desmodus
      Desmodus is a genus of bats often referred to as the vampire bats. Along with the genera, Diaemus and Diphylla, Desmodus makes up the subfamily Desmodontinae of family Phyllostomidae, the vampire bats.Genus Desmodus - vampire bats...
      
      
      • Common Vampire Bat
        Common Vampire Bat
        The Common Vampire Bat is a small leaf-nosed bat native to the Americas. It is one of three extant species of vampire bat, the other two being the Hairy-legged Vampire Bat and the White-winged Vampire Bat. Along with them, it is the only parasitic mammal. It mainly feeds on the blood of livestock...
        
         Desmodus rotundus LC
    • Genus: Diaemus
      • White-winged Vampire Bat
        White-winged Vampire Bat
        The White-winged Vampire Bat is a species of vampire bat. It is the only member of the genus Diaemus. It is found from Mexico to southern Argentina and is present on the islands of Trinidad and Isla Margarita...
        
         Diaemus youngi LC
    • Genus: Diphylla
      • Hairy-legged Vampire Bat
        Hairy-legged Vampire Bat
        The Hairy-legged Vampire Bat is one of three species of vampire bat. Despite connotations of vampires, it mainly feeds on the blood of birds. This vampire bat lives mainly in tropical and subtropical forestlands of South America...
        
         Diphylla ecaudata LC
• Family: Natalidae
  Natalidae
  The family Natalidae, or funnel-eared bats are found from Mexico to Brazil and the Caribbean islands. The family has three genera, Chilonatalus, Natalus and Nyctiellus. They are slender bats with unusually long tails and, as their name suggests, funnel-shaped ears. They are small, at only 3.5 to...
  
   (funnel-eared bats)
  • • Genus: Natalus
      Natalus
      The genus Natalus of funnel-eared bats is found from Mexico to Brazil and the Caribbean islands. They are slender bats with unusually long tails and, as their name suggests, funnel-shaped ears. They are small, at only 3.5 to 5.5 cm in length, with brown, grey, or reddish fur...
      
      
      • Mexican Greater Funnel-eared Bat Natalus mexicanus LC
• Family: Furipteridae
  Furipteridae
  Furipteridae is one of the families of bats. This family contains only two species, the Smokey Bat and the Thumbless Bat. Both are from Central and South America, and are closely related to the bats in the Natalidae and Thyropteridae families. They can be recognized by their reduced and...
  
  
  • • Genus: Furipterus
      • Thumbless Bat
        Thumbless Bat
        The Thumbless Bat is a species of bat in the Furipteridae family, in the monotypic genus Furipterus. It is found in Costa Rica, Brazil, Venezuela; Colombia; Ecuador; Suriname; French Guiana; Guyana; Panama; Trinidad, and Peru. They have a small thumb which is included in the membrane of the wing,...
        
         Furipterus horrens LC
• Family: Thyropteridae
  Thyropteridae
  Disc-winged bats are a small group of bats of the family Thyropteridae. They are found in Central and South America, usually in moist tropical rain forests. It is a very small family, consisting of a single genus with four species....
  
  
  • • Genus: Thyroptera
      • Peter's Disk-winged Bat
        Peter's Disk-winged Bat
        Peter's Disk-winged Bat, Thyroptera discifera, is a bat species from South and Central America.-External links:*...
        
         Thyroptera discifera LC
      • Spix's Disk-winged Bat
        Spix's Disk-winged Bat
        Spix's Disk-winged Bat, Thyroptera tricolor, is a bat species from South and Central America. It ranges from south Mexico to Bolivia.-References:* Chiroptera Specialist Group 1996. . Downloaded on 26 October 2008.*...
        
         Thyroptera tricolor LC

Order: Carnivora

Carnivora

The diverse order Carnivora |Latin]] carō "flesh", + vorāre "to devour") includes over 260 species of placental mammals. Its members are formally referred to as carnivorans, while the word "carnivore" can refer to any meat-eating animal...

 (carnivorans)

----

There are over 260 species of carnivorans, the majority of which feed primarily on meat. They have a characteristic skull shape and dentition. All of Central America's terrestrial carnivorans are of Nearctic origin. Central America has the greatest diversity of procyonids in the world.

• Suborder: Feliformia
  Feliformia
  The Feliformia are a suborder within the order Carnivora and includes cats , hyenas, mongooses, civets and related taxa. The other suborder of Carnivora is Caniformia...
  
  
  • Family: Felidae
    Felidae
    Felidae is the biological family of the cats; a member of this family is called a felid. Felids are the strictest carnivores of the thirteen terrestrial families in the order Carnivora, although the three families of marine mammals comprising the superfamily pinnipedia are as carnivorous as the...
    
     (cats)
    • Subfamily: Felinae
      Felinae
      Felinae is a subfamily of the family Felidae which includes the genera and species listed below. Most are small to medium-sized cats, although the group does include some larger animals, such as the Cougar and Cheetah....
      
      
      • Genus: Leopardus
        Leopardus
        Leopardus is a genus consisting of small spotted cats mostly native to Middle and South America. Very few range into the southern United States. The genus is considered the oldest branch of the part of the cat family to cross into the Americas, followed by the genera Lynx and Puma...
        
        
        • Ocelot
          Ocelot
          The ocelot , pronounced /ˈɒsəˌlɒt/, also known as the dwarf leopard or McKenney's wildcat is a wild cat distributed over South and Central America and Mexico, but has been reported as far north as Texas and in Trinidad, in the Caribbean...
          
           Leopardus pardalis LC
        • Oncilla Leopardus tigrinus VU
        • Margay
          Margay
          The Margay is a spotted cat native to Middle and South America. Named for Prince Maximilian of Wied-Neuwied, it is a solitary and nocturnal animal that prefers remote sections of the rainforest. Although it was once believed to be vulnerable to extinction, the IUCN now lists it as "Near Threatened"...
          
           Leopardus wiedii NT
      • Genus: Puma
        Puma (genus)
        Puma is a genus in Felidae that contains the cougar and the jaguarundi, and may also include several poorly known Old World fossil representatives .-Species:*Puma concolor – CougarPuma pardoides Puma is a genus in Felidae that contains the cougar (also known as the puma, among other names)...
        
        
        • Cougar Puma concolor LC
        • Jaguarundi
          Jaguarundi
          The jaguarundi is a small-sized wild cat native to Central and South America. In 2002, the IUCN classified the jaguarundi as Least Concern as it is likely that no conservation units, with the probable exception of the mega-reserves of the Amazon basin could sustain long-term viable populations. It...
          
           Puma yagouaroundi LC
    • Subfamily: Pantherinae
      Pantherinae
      Pantherinae is the subfamily of the family Felidae, which includes the genera Panthera, Uncia and Neofelis.The divergence of Pantherinae from Felinae has been ranked between six and ten million years ago. DNA analysis suggests that the snow leopard Uncia uncia is basal to the entire Pantherinae and...
      
      
      • Genus: Panthera
        Panthera
        Panthera is a genus of the family Felidae , which contains four well-known living species: the tiger, the lion, the jaguar, and the leopard. The genus comprises about half of the Pantherinae subfamily, the big cats...
        
        
        • Jaguar
          Jaguar
          The jaguar is a big cat, a feline in the Panthera genus, and is the only Panthera species found in the Americas. The jaguar is the third-largest feline after the tiger and the lion, and the largest in the Western Hemisphere. The jaguar's present range extends from Southern United States and Mexico...
          
           Panthera onca NT
• Suborder: Caniformia
  Caniformia
  Caniformia, or Canoidea , is a suborder within the order Carnivora. They typically possess a long snout and non-retractile claws . The Pinnipedia evolved from caniform ancestors and are accordingly assigned to this group...
  
  
  • Family: Canidae
    Canidae
    Canidae is the biological family of carnivorous and omnivorous mammals that includes wolves, foxes, jackals, coyotes, and domestic dogs. A member of this family is called a canid . The Canidae family is divided into two tribes: Canini and Vulpini...
    
     (dogs, foxes)
    • Subfamily: Caninae
      Caninae
      Caninae is the only living subfamily of Canidae. Many extinct species of Caninae were endemic to North America, living from 34 Ma—11,000 years ago. Some members of the endemic North American canines survived to the present time. This subfamily was recently revised by Tedford, Wang, and Taylor...
      
      
      • Genus: Urocyon
        Urocyon
        The genus Urocyon is a genus that contains two living Western Hemisphere foxes in the family Canidae, the Gray Fox and the closely related Island Fox which is a dwarf cousin of the Gray Fox; as well as one fossil species, Urocyon progressus.Urocyon and the...
        
        
        • Gray Fox
          Gray Fox
          The gray fox is a mammal of the order Carnivora ranging throughout most of the southern half of North America from southern Canada to the northern part of South America...
          
           Urocyon cinereoargenteus LC
        • Cozumel Fox
          Cozumel Fox
          The Cozumel Fox is an undescribed species of fox which is apparently close to extinction or even already extinct. It is found on the island of Cozumel, Mexico. The Cozumel Fox, which has not been scientifically described to date, is a dwarf form like the Island Fox but slightly larger, being up...
          
           Urocyon sp. nov. CR or EX
      • Genus: Speothos
        Speothos
        Speothos is a genus of canid found in Central and South America. The genus includes the living Bush Dog, Speothos venaticus, as well as an extinct Pleistocene species, Speothos pacivorus. Surprisingly, the fossil species was identified and named prior to the discovery of the extant species, with...
        
        
        • Bush Dog
          Bush Dog
          The bush dog is a canid found in Central and South America, including Panama, Colombia, Venezuela, Bolivia, Peru , Ecuador, the Guianas, Paraguay, northeast Argentina and Brazil...
          
           Speothos venaticus NT
      • Genus: Canis
        Canis
        Canis is a genus containing 7 to 10 extant species, including dogs, wolves, coyotes, and jackals, and many extinct species.-Wolves, dogs and dingos:Wolves, dogs and dingos are subspecies of Canis lupus...
        
        
        • Coyote
          Coyote
          The coyote , also known as the American jackal or the prairie wolf, is a species of canine found throughout North and Central America, ranging from Panama in the south, north through Mexico, the United States and Canada...
          
           Canis latrans LC
  • Family: Ursidae (bears)
    • Subfamily: Tremarctinae
      Tremarctinae
      Tremarctinae is a term for the subfamily of Ursidae containing one living representative, the Spectacled Bear of South America, and several extinct species from four genera: the Florida spectacled bear , the North American short-faced bears of genera Plionarctos and Arctodus Tremarctinae is a...
      
      
      • Genus: Tremarctos
        Tremarctos
        Tremarctos is a genus of the family Ursidae, subfamily Tremarctinae endemic to Americas from the Pliocene to recent. The northern species, the Florida short-faced bear was extinct 11 000 years ago...
        
        
        • Spectacled Bear
          Spectacled Bear
          The spectacled bear , also known as the Andean bear and locally as ukuko, jukumari or ucumari, is the last remaining short-faced bear and the closest living relative to the Florida spectacled bear and short-faced bears of the Middle Pleistocene to Late Pleistocene age.The spectacled bear is a...
          
           Tremarctos ornatus VU
  • Family: Procyonidae
    Procyonidae
    Procyonidae is a New World family of the order Carnivora. It includes the raccoons, coatis, kinkajous, olingos, ringtails and cacomistles. Procyonids inhabit a wide range of environments, and are generally omnivorous.-Characteristics:...
    
     (raccoons, coatis and relatives)
    • • Genus: Bassariscus
        Bassariscus
        Bassariscus is a genus in the family Procyonidae. There are two species in the genus: the ringtail or ring-tailed cat and the cacomistle . Genetic studies have suggested that the closest relatives of Bassariscus are raccoons.The genus was first described by Elliott Coues in 1887...
        
        
        • Ringtail
          Ring-tailed Cat
          The ringtail is a mammal of the raccoon family , native to arid regions of North America. It is also known as the ringtail cat, ring-tailed cat or miner's cat, and is also sometimes mistakenly called a "civet cat"...
          
           Bassariscus astutus LC
        • Cacomistle
          Cacomistle
          The cacomistle is a nocturnal, arboreal and omnivorous member of the carnivoran family Procyonidae. Its preferred habitats are wet, tropical, evergreen woodlands and mountain forests, though seasonally it will range into drier deciduous forests.Nowhere in its range is B. sumichrasti common...
          
           Bassariscus sumichrasti LC
      • Genus: Procyon
        Procyon (genus)
        Procyon is a genus of nocturnal mammals, comprising three species commonly known as raccoons, in the family Procyonidae. The most familiar species, the common raccoon , is often known simply as "the" raccoon, as the two other raccoon species in the genus are native only to the tropics and are...
        
        
        • Crab-eating Raccoon
          Crab-eating raccoon
          The Crab-eating Raccoon is a species of raccoon native to marshy and jungle areas of Central and South America . It is found from Costa Rica south through most areas of South America east of the Andes down to northern Argentina and Uruguay...
          
           Procyon cancrivorus LC
        • Common Raccoon Procyon lotor LC
        • Cozumel Island Raccoon Procyon pygmaeus CR
      • Genus: Nasua
        Nasua
        Nasua is a genus within the Raccoon family, Procyonidae. The three species within the genus Nasua are generally referred to as coatis. Two additional species of coatis, commonly known as mountain coatis, are placed in the genus Nasuella...
        
        
        • White-nosed Coati Nasua narica LC
        • Cozumel Island Coati
          Cozumel Island Coati
          The Cozumel Island Coati is a coati from the Mexican island of Cozumel. It is in the family Procyonidae, which also includes raccoons, olingos, and Kinkajous....
          
           Nasua nelsoni EN (often regarded as a subspecies of N. narica)
      • Genus: Bassaricyon
        • Bushy-tailed Olingo
          Bushy-tailed Olingo
          The bushy-tailed olingo , also known simply as the olingo, is a tree-dwelling member of the family Procyonidae, which also includes raccoons. It was the first species of olingo to be described, and is considered by some authors to be the only genuine olingo species. Its scientific name honors...
          
           Bassaricyon gabbii LC
        • Harris's Olingo
          Harris's Olingo
          Harris's Olingo is a species of olingo from Central America, where it is found in the Cordillera Central of Costa Rica. Because of ongoing taxonomic uncertainty this species is considered to be data deficient....
          
           Bassaricyon lasius DD
        • Chiriqui Olingo
          Chiriqui Olingo
          The Chiriqui Olingo is a species of olingo found in Central America. It is known only from Chiriqui Province in western Panama.- External links :*...
          
           Bassaricyon pauli DD
      • Genus: Potos
        • Kinkajou
          Kinkajou
          The kinkajou , also known as the honey bear , is a rainforest mammal of the family Procyonidae related to olingos, coatis, raccoons, and the ringtail and cacomistle. It is the only member of the genus Potos. Kinkajous may be mistaken for ferrets or monkeys, but are not closely related...
          
           Potos flavus LC
  • Family: Mustelidae
    Mustelidae
    Mustelidae , commonly referred to as the weasel family, are a family of carnivorous mammals. Mustelids are diverse and the largest family in the order Carnivora, at least partly because in the past it has been a catch-all category for many early or poorly differentiated taxa...
    
     (weasels, otters)
    • Subfamily: Mustelinae
      Mustelinae
      Mustelinae is a polyphyletic subfamily of family Mustelidae and includes wolverines, weasels, ferrets, martens, minks, and similar carnivorous mammals of Order Carnivora.- Extant species of Mustelinae :Subfamily Mustelinae*Genus Arctonyx...
      
      
      • Genus: Mustela
        • Long-tailed Weasel
          Long-tailed Weasel
          The long-tailed weasel , also known as the bridled weasel or big stoat is a species of mustelid distributed from southern Canada throughout all the United States and Mexico, southward through all of Central America and into northern South America.-Evolution:The long-tailed weasel is the product of...
          
           Mustela frenata LC
      • Genus: Eira
        Tayra
        The tayra , also known as the Tolomuco or Perico ligero in Central America, and San Hol or viejo de monte in the Yucatan Peninsula is an omnivorous animal from the weasel family Mustelidae. It is the only species in the genus Eira...
        
        
        • Tayra
          Tayra
          The tayra , also known as the Tolomuco or Perico ligero in Central America, and San Hol or viejo de monte in the Yucatan Peninsula is an omnivorous animal from the weasel family Mustelidae. It is the only species in the genus Eira...
          
           Eira barbara LC
      • Genus: Galictis
        Galictis
        The grison, also known as the South American glutton, is a neotropical mustelid of South America. Comprising the genus Galictis, it is divided into two species: the greater grison , which is found widely in South America, through Central America to southern Mexico; and the lesser grison , which is...
        
        
        • Greater grison
          Greater Grison
          The greater grison, Galictis vittata, is an animal belonging to the ferret family Mustelidae from Central and South America, from southern Mexico to Brazil and Bolivia, living in savannas and rainforests, usually seen near rivers and streams....
          
           Galictis vittata LC
    • Subfamily: Lutrinae
      • Genus: Lontra
        Lontra
        Lontra is a genus of otters from the American continent.The genus comprises four species:*North American River Otter *Southern River Otter *Neotropical Otter...
        
        
        • Neotropical Otter Lontra longicaudis DD
  • Family: Mephitidae (skunks)
    • • Genus: Spilogale
        • Southern Spotted Skunk Spilogale angustifrons LC
        • Pygmy Spotted Skunk
          Pygmy Spotted Skunk
          The Pygmy Spotted Skunk is a species of mammal in the Mephitidae family. It is endemic to Mexico....
          
           Spilogale pygmaea VU
      • Genus: Mephitis
        Mephitis (genus)
        The genus Mephitis is one of several genera of skunks, which has two species and a North American distribution.*Striped Skunk *Hooded Skunk...
        
        
        • Hooded Skunk
          Hooded Skunk
          The hooded skunk is a species of mammal in the family Mephitidae. It can be distinguished from the similar striped skunk by its longer tail and longer, softer coat of fur. A ruff of white fur around its neck gives the animal its common name. It is generally more white dorsally, and black...
          
           Mephitis macroura LC
      • Genus: Conepatus
        • American Hog-nosed Skunk
          American Hog-nosed Skunk
          The American hog-nosed skunk is a species of hog-nosed skunk from Central and North America, and is one of the largest skunk in the world, growing to lengths of up to 2.7 feet...
          
           Conepatus leuconotus LC
        • Striped Hog-nosed Skunk
          Striped Hog-nosed Skunk
          The striped hog-nosed skunk, Conepatus semistriatus, is a skunk species from Central and South America. It lives in a wide range of habitats including dry forest scrub and occasionally, in rainforest....
          
           Conepatus semistriatus LC
  • Family: Phocidae (earless seals)
    • Subfamily: Monachinae
      • Genus: Monachus
        Monachus
        Monachus is a genus containing the monk seals, a group of three Pinniped species. They are the only earless seals which are found in tropical climates...
        
        
        • Caribbean Monk Seal
          Caribbean Monk Seal
          The Caribbean monk seal or West Indian monk seal is an extinct species of seal. It is the only seal ever known to be native to the Caribbean Sea and the Gulf of Mexico. The last verified recorded sighting occurred in 1952 at Serranilla Bank...
          
           †Monachus tropicalis EX

Order: Perissodactyla (odd-toed ungulates)

----
The odd-toed ungulates are browsing and grazing

Grazing

Grazing generally describes a type of feeding, in which a herbivore feeds on plants , and also on other multicellular autotrophs...

 mammals. They are usually large to very large, and have relatively simple stomachs and a large middle toe. While native equids

Equidae

Equidae is the taxonomic family of horses and related animals, including the extant horses, donkeys, and zebras, and many other species known only from fossils. All extant species are in the genus Equus...

 once lived in the region, having evolved in North America over a period of 50 million years

Evolution of the horse

The evolution of the horse pertains to the phylogenetic ancestry of the modern horse from the small dog-sized, forest-dwelling Hyracotherium over geologic time scales...

, they died out around the time of the first arrival of humans.

• Family: Tapiridae (tapirs)
  • • Genus: Tapirus
      • Baird's Tapir
        Baird's Tapir
        Baird’s Tapir is a species of tapir that is native to Central America and northern South America. It is one of three Latin American species of tapir.-Names:...
        
         Tapirus bairdii EN

Order: Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates)

----
The weight of even-toed ungulate

Ungulate

Ungulates are several groups of mammals, most of which use the tips of their toes, usually hoofed, to sustain their whole body weight while moving. They make up several orders of mammals, of which six to eight survive...

s is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls. There are about 220 artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to human

Human

Humans are the only living species in the Homo genus...

s. All of Central America's extant ungulates are of Nearctic origin, but prior to the arrival of humans at least one ungulate of South American origin

Mixotoxodon

Mixotoxodon is an extinct genus of notoungulate of the family Toxodontidae which inhabited South America during the Pleistocene living from 1.8—0.30 Ma and existed for approximately ....

 also lived in the region.

• Family: Tayassuidae (peccaries)
  • • Genus: Pecari
      Pecari
      Pecari is a genus of mammals in the peccary family, Tayassuidae. The genus was monotypic until the description of P. maximus in 2007, but the scientific evidence for its status as a species separate from P...
      
      
      • Collared Peccary
        Collared Peccary
        The collared peccary is a species of mammal in the family Tayassuidae that is found in North, Central, and South America. They are commonly referred to as javelina, saíno or báquiro, although these terms are also used to describe other species in the family...
        
         Pecari tajacu LC
    • Genus: Tayassu
      • White-lipped Peccary
        White-lipped Peccary
        The White-lipped Peccary, Tayassu pecari, is a peccary species found in Central and South America, living in rainforest, dry forest and chaco scrub. It is monotypic within the genus Tayassu....
        
         Tayassu pecari NT
• Family: Cervidae (deer)
  • Subfamily: Capreolinae
    Capreolinae
    Capreolinae, also known as Odocoileinae or the New World deer , is a subfamily of deer...
    
    
    • Genus: Mazama
      • Amazonian Brown Brocket
        Amazonian brown brocket
        The Amazonian brown brocket , also known as the small brown brocket, is a small species of deer that is almost entirely restricted to South America. It is known from Panama The Amazonian brown brocket (Mazama nemorivaga), also known as the small brown brocket, is a small species of deer that is...
        
         Mazama nemorivaga LC
      • Yucatan Brown Brocket
        Yucatan Brown Brocket
        The Yucatan Brown Brocket is a small species of deer native to the Yucatán Peninsula of Mexico, Belize and Guatemala. While it is found in humid tropical forest like most other brocket deer, the Yucatan Brown Brocket also ranges across arid, relatively open habitats...
        
         Mazama pandora VU
      • Central American Red Brocket
        Central American red brocket
        The Central American red brocket, Mazama temama, is a species of brocket deer ranging from southern Mexico, through Central America, to northwestern Colombia. It was formerly treated as a subspecies of the red brocket from South America, but its karyotype has 2n = 50, while the latter's was...
        
         Mazama temama DD
    • Genus: Odocoileus
      Odocoileus
      Odocoileus is a genus of medium-sized deer containing two species native to the Americas. The name is sometimes spelt odocoeleus; it is from a contraction of the roots odonto- and coelus meaning "hollow-tooth".-Species:...
      
      
      • White-tailed deer
        White-tailed Deer
        The white-tailed deer , also known as the Virginia deer or simply as the whitetail, is a medium-sized deer native to the United States , Canada, Mexico, Central America, and South America as far south as Peru...
        
         Odocoileus virginianus LC

Order: Cetacea

Cetacea

The order Cetacea includes the marine mammals commonly known as whales, dolphins, and porpoises. Cetus is Latin and is used in biological names to mean "whale"; its original meaning, "large sea animal", was more general. It comes from Ancient Greek , meaning "whale" or "any huge fish or sea...

 (whales)

----
The order Cetacea includes whale

Whale

Whale is the common name for various marine mammals of the order Cetacea. The term whale sometimes refers to all cetaceans, but more often it excludes dolphins and porpoises, which belong to suborder Odontoceti . This suborder also includes the sperm whale, killer whale, pilot whale, and beluga...

s, dolphin

Dolphin

Dolphins are marine mammals that are closely related to whales and porpoises. There are almost forty species of dolphin in 17 genera. They vary in size from and , up to and . They are found worldwide, mostly in the shallower seas of the continental shelves, and are carnivores, mostly eating...

s and porpoise

Porpoise

Porpoises are small cetaceans of the family Phocoenidae; they are related to whales and dolphins. They are distinct from dolphins, although the word "porpoise" has been used to refer to any small dolphin, especially by sailors and fishermen...

s. They are the mammals most fully adapted to aquatic

Aquatic adaptation

Several animal groups have undergone aquatic adaptation, going from being purely terrestrial animals to living at least part of the time in water. The adaptations in early speciation tend to develop as the animal ventures into water in order to find available food. As successive generations spend...

 life with a spindle-shaped nearly hairless body, protected by a thick layer of blubber, and forelimbs and tail modified to provide propulsion underwater. Their closest extant relatives are the hippos

Hippopotamidae

Hippopotamuses are the members of the family Hippopotamidae. They are the only extant artiodactyls which walk on four toes on each foot.- Characteristics :...

, which are artiodactyls, from which cetaceans are believed to have descended (as reflected in the naming of the clade

Clade

A clade is a group consisting of a species and all its descendants. In the terms of biological systematics, a clade is a single "branch" on the "tree of life". The idea that such a "natural group" of organisms should be grouped together and given a taxonomic name is central to biological...

 Cetartiodactyla

Cetartiodactyla

Cetartiodactyla is the clade in which whales and even-toed ungulates have currently been placed. The term was coined by merging the name for the two orders, Cetacea and Artiodactyla, into a single word. The term Cetartiodactyla reflects the idea that whales evolved within the artiodactyls...

).

• Suborder: Mysticeti
  • Family: Balaenopteridae (rorquals)
    • Subfamily: Balaenopterinae
      • Genus: Balaenoptera
        Balaenoptera
        Balaenoptera is a genus of Balaenopteridae, the Rorqual whales, and contains eight species. The species Balaenoptera omurai was published in 2003...
        
        
        • Bryde's Whale
          Bryde's Whale
          Bryde's whales are baleen whales, one of the "great whales" or rorquals. They prefer tropical and temperate waters over the polar seas that other whales in their family frequent. They are largely coastal rather than pelagic. Bryde's whales are very similar in appearance to sei whales and almost as...
          
           Balaenoptera edeni DD
        • Blue Whale
          Blue Whale
          The blue whale is a marine mammal belonging to the suborder of baleen whales . At in length and or more in weight, it is the largest known animal to have ever existed....
          
           Balaenoptera musculus EN
        • Fin Whale
          Fin Whale
          The fin whale , also called the finback whale, razorback, or common rorqual, is a marine mammal belonging to the suborder of baleen whales. It is the second longest whale and the sixth largest living animal after the blue whale, bowhead whale, and right whales, growing to nearly 27 metres long...
          
           Balaenoptera physalus EN
    • Subfamily: Megapterinae
      • Genus: Megaptera
        • Humpback Whale
          Humpback Whale
          The humpback whale is a species of baleen whale. One of the larger rorqual species, adults range in length from and weigh approximately . The humpback has a distinctive body shape, with unusually long pectoral fins and a knobbly head. It is an acrobatic animal, often breaching and slapping the...
          
           Megaptera novaeangliae LC
• Suborder: Odontoceti
  • Superfamily: Platanistoidea
    • Family: Physeteridae (sperm whales)
      • Genus: Physeter
        • Sperm Whale
          Sperm Whale
          The sperm whale, Physeter macrocephalus, is a marine mammal species, order Cetacea, a toothed whale having the largest brain of any animal. The name comes from the milky-white waxy substance, spermaceti, found in the animal's head. The sperm whale is the only living member of genus Physeter...
          
           Physeter macrocephalus VU
    • Family: Kogiidae (pygmy and dwarf sperm whales)
      • Genus: Kogia
        • Pygmy Sperm Whale
          Pygmy Sperm Whale
          The Pygmy Sperm Whale is one of three species of toothed whale in the sperm whale family. They are not often sighted at sea, and most of what is known about them comes from the examination of stranded specimens.-Taxonomy:...
          
           Kogia breviceps DD
        • Dwarf Sperm Whale
          Dwarf Sperm Whale
          The Dwarf Sperm Whale is one of three species in the sperm whale family. They are not often sighted at sea. As such, most information is a result of the study of stranded carcasses.-Taxonomy:...
          
           Kogia sima DD
    • Family: Ziphidae (beaked whales)
      • Genus: Ziphius
        • Cuvier's Beaked Whale
          Cuvier's Beaked Whale
          Cuvier's beaked whale is the most widely distributed of all the beaked whales. It is the only member of the genus Ziphius. Another common name for the species is goose-beaked whale because its head is said to be shaped like the beak of a goose. Georges Cuvier first described it in 1823 from part...
          
           Ziphius cavirostris LC
      • Genus: Mesoplodon
        • Blainville's Beaked Whale
          Blainville's Beaked Whale
          Blainville's beaked whale , or the dense-beaked whale, is the widest ranging mesoplodont whale and perhaps the most documented. Henri de Blainville first described the species in 1817 from a small piece of jaw—the heaviest bone he had ever come across—which resulted in the name densirostris...
          
           Mesoplodon densirostris DD
        • Ginkgo-toothed Beaked Whale
          Ginkgo-toothed Beaked Whale
          The ginkgo-toothed beaked whale is a poorly known species of whale even for a beaked whale, and was named for the unusual shape of its dual teeth...
          
           Mesoplodon ginkgodens DD
        • Pygmy Beaked Whale
          Pygmy Beaked Whale
          The pygmy beaked whale , also known as the bandolero beaked whale, Peruvian beaked whale and lesser beaked whale, is the smallest of the mesoplodonts and one of the newest discoveries. There were at least two dozen sightings of an unknown beaked whale named Mesoplodon sp...
          
           Mesoplodon peruvianus DD
    • Family: Delphinidae (marine dolphins)
      • Genus: Steno
        • Rough-toothed Dolphin
          Rough-toothed Dolphin
          The Rough-toothed dolphin is species of dolphin that can be found in deep warm and tropical waters around the world.The species was first described by Georges Cuvier in 1823...
          
           Steno bredanensis LC
      • Genus: Sotalia
        • Costero
          Costero
          The Costero is found in the coastal waters to the north and east of South America. The common name "costero" has been suggested by Caballero and colleagues due to the species' affinity for coastal habitats. The Costero is a member of the oceanic dolphin family . Physically it resembles the...
          
           Sotalia guianensis DD
      • Genus: Tursiops
        • Bottlenose Dolphin
          Common Bottlenose Dolphin
          Tursiops truncatus, commonly known as the Common Bottlenose Dolphin, is the most well-known species from the family Delphinidae.Common bottlenose dolphins are the most familiar dolphins due to the wide exposure they receive in captivity in marine parks, dolphinarias, in movies, and television...
          
           Tursiops truncatus LC
      • Genus: Stenella
        Stenella
        Stenella is a genus of aquatic mammals in Delphinidae, the family informally known as the oceanic dolphins.Currently five species are recognised in this genus:*Pantropical Spotted Dolphin, S. attenuata*Atlantic Spotted Dolphin, S. frontalis...
        
        
        • Pantropical Spotted Dolphin
          Pantropical Spotted Dolphin
          The Pantropical Spotted Dolphin is a species of dolphin found in all the world's temperate and tropical oceans. The species was beginning to come under threat due to the killing of millions of individuals in tuna purse seines...
          
           Stenella attenuata LC
        • Clymene Dolphin
          Clymene Dolphin
          The Clymene dolphin , in older texts known as the Short-snouted spinner dolphin, is a dolphin endemic to the Atlantic Ocean.- Taxonomy :...
          
           Stenella clymene DD
        • Striped Dolphin
          Striped Dolphin
          The Striped Dolphin is an extensively studied dolphin that is found in temperate and tropical waters of all the world's oceans.-Taxonomy:...
          
           Stenella coeruleoalba LC
        • Atlantic Spotted Dolphin
          Atlantic Spotted Dolphin
          The Atlantic Spotted Dolphin is a dolphin found in the Gulf Stream of the North Atlantic Ocean. Older members of the species have a very distinctive spotted coloration all over their body.-Taxonomy:...
          
           Stenella frontalis DD
        • Spinner Dolphin
          Spinner Dolphin
          The Spinner Dolphin is a small dolphin found in off-shore tropical waters around the world. It is famous for its acrobatic displays in which they spin longitudinally along their axis as they leap through the air.-Taxonomy:...
          
           Stenella longirostris DD
      • Genus: Delphinus
        Delphinus
        Delphinus is a constellation in the northern sky, close to the celestial equator. Its name is Latin for dolphin. Delphinus was one of the 48 constellations listed by the 2nd century astronomer Ptolemy, and it remains among the 88 modern constellations recognized by the International Astronomical...
        
        
        • Long-beaked Common Dolphin
          Long-beaked Common Dolphin
          The Long-beaked Common Dolphin is a species of common dolphin. It has a more restricted range than the Short-beaked Common Dolphin . It has a disjointed range in coastal areas in tropical and warmer temperate oceans...
          
           Delphinus capensis DD
        • Short-beaked Common Dolphin
          Short-beaked Common Dolphin
          The short-beaked common dolphin is a species of common dolphin. It has a larger range than the long-beaked common dolphin , occurring throughout warm-temperate and tropical oceans, with the possible exception of the Indian Ocean...
          
           Delphinus delphis LC
      • Genus: Lagenodelphis
        • Fraser's Dolphin
          Fraser's Dolphin
          Fraser's Dolphin or Sarawak Dolphin is a cetacean in the family Delphinidae found in deep waters in the Pacific Ocean and to a lesser extent in the Indian and Atlantic Oceans.-Taxonomy:...
          
           Lagenodelphis hosei LC
      • Genus: Grampus
        • Risso's Dolphin
          Risso's Dolphin
          Risso's dolphin is the only species of dolphin in the genus Grampus.-Taxonomy:Risso's dolphin is named after Antoine Risso, whose description formed the basis of the first public description of the animal, by Georges Cuvier, in 1812...
          
           Grampus griseus LC
      • Genus: Peponocephala
        • Melon-headed Whale
          Melon-headed Whale
          The melon-headed whale is a cetacean of the oceanic dolphin family . It is closely related to the pygmy killer whale and pilot whale, and collectively these dolphin species are known by the common name blackfish. It is also related to the false killer whale...
          
           Peponocephala electra LC
      • Genus: Feresa
        • Pygmy Killer Whale
          Pygmy Killer Whale
          The pygmy killer whale is a small, rarely seen cetacean of the oceanic dolphin family . It derives its common name from sharing some physical characteristics with the orca It is the smallest species that has "whale" in its common name. In fact, "killer" may be more apt in the case of the pygmy...
          
           Feresa attenuata DD
      • Genus: Orcinus
        • Orca
          Orca
          The killer whale , commonly referred to as the orca, and less commonly as the blackfish, is a toothed whale belonging to the oceanic dolphin family. Killer whales are found in all oceans, from the frigid Arctic and Antarctic regions to tropical seas...
          
           Orcinus orca DD
      • Genus: Pseudorca
        • False Killer Whale
          False Killer Whale
          The False Killer Whale is a cetacean, and the third largest member of the oceanic dolphin family . It lives in temperate and tropical waters throughout the world. As its name implies, the False Killer Whale shares characteristics, such as appearance, with the more widely known Orca...
          
           Pseudorca crassidens DD
      • Genus: Globicephala
        • Short-finned Pilot Whale
          Short-finned Pilot Whale
          The Short-finned Pilot Whale is one of the two species of cetacean in the genus Globicephala. It is part of the oceanic dolphin family , though its behaviour is closer to that of the larger whales....
          
           Globicephala macrorhynchus DD

See also

• List of chordate orders
• Lists of mammals by region
• List of prehistoric mammals
• Mammal classification
  Mammal classification
  Mammalia is a class of animal within the Phylum Chordata. Mammal classification has been through several iterations since Carolus Linnaeus initially defined the class. Many earlier ideas have been completely abandoned by modern taxonomists, among these are the idea that bats are related to birds...
  
  
• New mammal species