This is a list of the bird species recorded in Nicaragua. The avifauna of Nicaragua

Nicaragua

Nicaragua is the largest country in the Central American American isthmus, bordered by Honduras to the north and Costa Rica to the south. The country is situated between 11 and 14 degrees north of the Equator in the Northern Hemisphere, which places it entirely within the tropics. The Pacific Ocean...

 includes a total of 698 species, of which 2 have been introduced

Introduced species

An introduced species — or neozoon, alien, exotic, non-indigenous, or non-native species, or simply an introduction, is a species living outside its indigenous or native distributional range, and has arrived in an ecosystem or plant community by human activity, either deliberate or accidental...

 by humans, and 14 are rare or accidental. 8 species are globally threatened.

This list's taxonomic

Taxonomy

Taxonomy is the science of identifying and naming species, and arranging them into a classification. The field of taxonomy, sometimes referred to as "biological taxonomy", revolves around the description and use of taxonomic units, known as taxa...

 treatment (designation and sequence of orders, families, and species) and nomenclature (common and scientific names) follow the conventions of Clements

James Clements

Dr. James Franklin Clements was an ornithologist, author and very successful businessman. He was born in New York....

's 5th edition. The family accounts at the beginning of each heading reflects this taxonomy, as do the species counts found in each family account. Introduced and accidental species are included in the total counts for Nicaragua.

The following tags have been used to highlight certain relevant categories. Not all species fall into one of these categories. Those that do not are commonly occurring, native species.

• (A) Accidental A species that rarely or accidentally occurs in Nicaragua.
• (E) Endemic A species endemic to Nicaragua.
• (I) Introduced A species introduced to Nicaragua as a consequence, direct or indirect, of human actions.

Table of contents
Non-passerines: Tinamous . Grebes . Shearwaters and petrels . Storm-petrels . Tropicbirds . Pelicans . Boobies . Cormorants . Darters . Frigatebirds . Bitterns, herons and egrets . Storks . Ibises and spoonbills . Ducks and geese . New World vultures . Osprey . Hawks, kites and eagles . Caracaras and falcons . Guans, chachalacas and allies . New World quails . Limpkins . Rails, crakes, gallinules, and coots . Sungrebe . Sunbittern . Jacanas . Oystercatchers . Avocets and stilts . Thick-knees . Plovers and lapwings . Sandpipers and allies . Skuas and jaegers . Gulls . Terns . Skimmers . Pigeons and doves . Parrots, macaws and allies . Cuckoos and anis . Barn owls . Typical owls . Potoos . Nightjars . Swifts . Hummingbirds . Trogons and quetzals . Kingfishers . Motmots . Jacamars . Puffbirds . Toucans . Woodpeckers and allies .
Passerines: Ovenbirds . Woodcreepers . Typical antbirds . Antthrushes and antpittas . Cotingas . Manakins . Tyrant flycatchers . Swallows and martins . Waxwings . Dippers . Wrens . Mockingbirds and thrashers . Thrushes and allies . Gnatcatchers . Treecreepers . Crows, jays, ravens and magpies . Vireos . Olive Warbler . New World warblers . Bananaquit . Tanagers . Buntings, sparrows, seedeaters and allies . Saltators, cardinals and allies . Troupials and allies . Siskins, crossbills and allies . Sparrows .
See also       References

Tinamous

Order: Tinamiformes. Family: Tinamidae

The tinamous are one of the most ancient groups of bird. Although they look similar to other ground-dwelling birds like quail and grouse, they have no close relatives and are classified as a single family Tinamidae within their own order, the Tinamiformes. They are distantly related to the ratites (order Struthioniformes), that includes the rhea

Rhea (bird)

The rheas are ratites in the genus Rhea, native to South America. There are two existing species: the Greater or American Rhea and the Lesser or Darwin's Rhea. The genus name was given in 1752 by Paul Möhring and adopted as the English common name. Möhring's reason for choosing this name, from the...

s, emu

Emu

The Emu Dromaius novaehollandiae) is the largest bird native to Australia and the only extant member of the genus Dromaius. It is the second-largest extant bird in the world by height, after its ratite relative, the ostrich. There are three subspecies of Emus in Australia...

, and kiwi

Kiwi

Kiwi are flightless birds endemic to New Zealand, in the genus Apteryx and family Apterygidae.At around the size of a domestic chicken, kiwi are by far the smallest living ratites and lay the largest egg in relation to their body size of any species of bird in the world...

. There are 47 species worldwide and 4 species which occur in Nicaragua.

• Great Tinamou
  Great Tinamou
  The Great Tinamou Tinamus major, also called Mountain hen is a species of tinamou ground bird native to Central and South America. There are several subspecies, mostly differentiated by their coloration:-Description:...
  
   Tinamus major
• Little Tinamou
  Little Tinamou
  The Little Tinamou, Crypturellus soui, is found in Central America and South America.-Etymology:Crypturellus is formed from three Latin or Greek words. kruptos meaning covered or hidden, oura meaning tail, and ellus meaning diminutive...
  
   Crypturellus soui
• Slaty-breasted Tinamou
  Slaty-breasted Tinamou
  The Slaty-breasted Tinamou or Boucard's Tinamou, Crypturellus boucardi, is a type of Tinamou commonly found in lowland moist forests of Central America...
  
   Crypturellus boucardi
• Thicket Tinamou
  Thicket Tinamou
  The Thicket Tinamou or Rufescent Tinamou, Crypturellus cinnamomeus, is a type of Tinamou commonly found in moist forests in subtropical and tropical Central Mexico...
  
   Crypturellus cinnamomeus

Grebes

Order: Podicipediformes. Family: Podicipedidae

Grebe

Grebe

A grebe is a member of the Podicipediformes order, a widely distributed order of freshwater diving birds, some of which visit the sea when migrating and in winter...

s are small to medium-large sized freshwater diving birds. They have lobed toes, and are excellent swimmers and divers. However, they have their feet placed far back on the body, making them quite ungainly on land. There are 20 species worldwide and 2 species which occur in Nicaragua.

• Least Grebe
  Least Grebe
  The Least Grebe , an aquatic bird, is the smallest member of the grebe family. It occurs in the New World from the southwestern United States and Mexico to Chile and Argentina, and also on Trinidad and Tobago, the Bahamas and the Greater Antilles.-Description:The Least Grebe ranges in length from...
  
   Tachybaptus dominicus
• Pied-billed Grebe
  Pied-billed Grebe
  The Pied-billed Grebe is a species of the grebe family of water birds. Since the Atitlán Grebe, Podilymbus gigas, has become extinct, it is the sole extant member of the genus Podilymbus.-Description:...
  
   Podilymbus podiceps

Shearwaters and petrels

Order: Procellariiformes

Procellariiformes

Procellariiformes is an order of seabirds that comprises four families: the albatrosses, petrels and shearwaters, storm petrels, and diving petrels...

. Family: Procellariidae

Procellariidae

The family Procellariidae is a group of seabirds that comprises the fulmarine petrels, the gadfly petrels, the prions, and the shearwaters. This family is part of the bird order Procellariiformes , which also includes the albatrosses, the storm-petrels, and the diving petrels.The procellariids are...

The procellariids are the main group of medium-sized 'true petrels', characterised by united nostrils with a medium septum, and a long outer functional primary. There are 75 species worldwide and 5 species which occur in Nicaragua.

• Parkinson's Petrel
  Parkinson's Petrel
  Black Petrel , also called the Parkinson's Petrel, is a large, black petrel, the smallest of the Procellaria. The species is an endemic breeder of New Zealand, breeding only on islands off the North Island, on Great Barrier Island and Little Barrier Island. At sea it disperses as far as Australia...
  
   Procellaria parkinsoni
• Pink-footed Shearwater
  Pink-footed Shearwater
  The Pink-footed Shearwater is a species of seabird. The bird is 48 cm in size, with a 109 cm wingspan. It is polymorphic, having both darker and lighter phase populations...
  
   Puffinus creatopus
• Wedge-tailed Shearwater
  Wedge-tailed Shearwater
  The Wedge-tailed Shearwater, Puffinus pacificus is a medium-large shearwater in the seabird family Procellariidae. It is one of the shearwater species that is sometimes referred to as a Muttonbird, like the Sooty Shearwater of New Zealand and the Short-tailed Shearwater of Australia...
  
   Puffinus pacificus
• Sooty Shearwater
  Sooty Shearwater
  The Sooty Shearwater is a medium-large shearwater in the seabird family Procellariidae. In New Zealand it is also known by its Māori name tītī and as "muttonbird", like its relatives the Wedge-tailed Shearwater and the Australian Short-tailed Shearwater The Sooty Shearwater (Puffinus griseus) is...
  
   Puffinus griseus
• Audubon's Shearwater
  Audubon's Shearwater
  Audubon's Shearwater, Puffinus lherminieri, is a common tropical seabird from the family Procellariidae. Sometimes called Dusky-backed Shearwater, the scientific name of this species commemorates the French naturalist Félix Louis L'Herminier....
  
   Puffinus lherminieri

Storm-petrels

Order: Procellariiformes

Procellariiformes

Procellariiformes is an order of seabirds that comprises four families: the albatrosses, petrels and shearwaters, storm petrels, and diving petrels...

. Family: Hydrobatidae

The storm-petrel

Storm-petrel

Storm petrels are seabirds in the family Hydrobatidae, part of the order Procellariiformes. These smallest of seabirds feed on planktonic crustaceans and small fish picked from the surface, typically while hovering. The flight is fluttering and sometimes bat-like.Storm petrels have a cosmopolitan...

s are relatives of the petrel

Petrel

Petrels are tube-nosed seabirds in the bird order Procellariiformes. The common name does not indicate relationship beyond that point, as "petrels" occur in three of the four families within that group...

s, and are the smallest of seabirds. They feed on plankton

Plankton

Plankton are any drifting organisms that inhabit the pelagic zone of oceans, seas, or bodies of fresh water. That is, plankton are defined by their ecological niche rather than phylogenetic or taxonomic classification...

ic crustaceans and small fish picked from the surface, typically while hovering. The flight is fluttering and sometimes bat

Bat

Bats are mammals of the order Chiroptera "hand" and pteron "wing") whose forelimbs form webbed wings, making them the only mammals naturally capable of true and sustained flight. By contrast, other mammals said to fly, such as flying squirrels, gliding possums, and colugos, glide rather than fly,...

-like. There are 21 species worldwide and 3 species which occur in Nicaragua.

• Least Storm-Petrel
  Least Storm-petrel
  The Least Storm Petrel is a small seabird of the storm-petrel family Hydrobatidae. It is 13–15 cm in length, with a wingspan of 32 cm. It is the smallest member of the order Procellariiformes...
  
   Oceanodroma microsoma
• Markham's Storm-Petrel
  Markham's Storm-petrel
  The Markham's Storm Petrel is a species of seabird in the Hydrobatidae family.It is found in Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, French Polynesia, Peru, and possibly Costa Rica....
  
   Oceanodroma markhami
• Black Storm-Petrel
  Black Storm-petrel
  The Black Storm Petrel is a small seabird of the storm-petrel family Hydrobatidae. It is 23 cm in length, with a wingspan of 46–51 cm....
  
   Oceanodroma melania

Tropicbirds

Order: Pelecaniformes

Pelecaniformes

The Pelecaniformes is a order of medium-sized and large waterbirds found worldwide. As traditionally—but erroneously—defined, they encompass all birds that have feet with all four toes webbed. Hence, they were formerly also known by such names as totipalmates or steganopodes...

. Family: Phaethontidae

Tropicbird

Tropicbird

Tropicbirds are a family, Phaethontidae, of tropical pelagic seabirds now classified in their own order Phaethontiformes. Their relationship to other living birds is unclear, and they appear to have no close relatives. There are three species in one genus, Phaethon...

s are slender white birds of tropical oceans, with exceptionally long central tail feathers. Their heads and long wings have black markings. There are 3 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Nicaragua.

• Red-billed Tropicbird
  Red-billed Tropicbird
  The Red-billed Tropicbird, Phaethon aethereus, also known as the Boatswain Bird is a tropicbird, one of three closely related seabirds of tropical oceans.-Distribution and habitat:...
  
   Phaethon aethereus

Pelicans

Order: Pelecaniformes

Pelecaniformes

The Pelecaniformes is a order of medium-sized and large waterbirds found worldwide. As traditionally—but erroneously—defined, they encompass all birds that have feet with all four toes webbed. Hence, they were formerly also known by such names as totipalmates or steganopodes...

. Family: Pelecanidae

Pelican

Pelican

A pelican, derived from the Greek word πελεκυς pelekys is a large water bird with a large throat pouch, belonging to the bird family Pelecanidae....

s are large water birds with a distinctive pouch under the beak. As with other members of the order Pelecaniformes, they have webbed feet with four toes. There are 8 species worldwide and 2 species which occur in Nicaragua.

• American White Pelican
  American White Pelican
  The American White Pelican is a large aquatic bird from the order Pelecaniformes. It breeds in interior North America, moving south and to the coasts, as far as Central America, in winter....
  
   Pelecanus erythrorhynchos
• Brown Pelican
  Brown Pelican
  The Brown Pelican is the smallest of the eight species of pelican, although it is a large bird in nearly every other regard. It is in length, weighs from and has a wingspan from .-Range and habits:...
  
   Pelecanus occidentalis

Boobies

Order: Pelecaniformes

Pelecaniformes

The Pelecaniformes is a order of medium-sized and large waterbirds found worldwide. As traditionally—but erroneously—defined, they encompass all birds that have feet with all four toes webbed. Hence, they were formerly also known by such names as totipalmates or steganopodes...

. Family: Sulidae

Sulidae

The bird family Sulidae comprises the gannets and boobies. Collectively called sulidas, they are medium-large coastal seabirds that plunge-dive for fish and similar prey. The ten species in this family are often considered congeneric in older sources, placing all in the genus Sula...

The sulids comprise the gannet

Gannet

Gannets are seabirds comprising the genus Morus, in the family Sulidae, closely related to the boobies.The gannets are large black and white birds with yellow heads. They have long pointed wings and long bills. Northern gannets are the largest seabirds in the North Atlantic, with a wingspan of up...

s and boobies

Booby

A booby is a seabird in the genus Sula, part of the Sulidae family. Boobies are closely related to the gannets , which were formerly included in Sula.-Description:...

. Both groups comprise medium-to-large coastal seabirds that plunge-dive for fish. There are 9 species worldwide and 4 species which occur in Nicaragua.

• Blue-footed Booby
  Blue-footed Booby
  The Blue-footed Booby is a bird in the Sulidae family which comprises ten species of long-winged seabirds. The natural breeding habitat of the Blue-footed Booby is tropical and subtropical islands off the Pacific Ocean, most famously, the Galápagos Islands, Ecuador.- Etymology :The name booby...
  
   Sula nebouxii
• Masked Booby
  Masked Booby
  The Masked Booby, Sula dactylatra, is a large seabird of the booby family, Sulidae. This species breeds on islands in tropical oceans, except in the eastern Atlantic; in the eastern Pacific it is replaced by the Nazca Booby, Sula granti, which was formerly regarded as a subspecies of Masked Booby...
  
   Sula dactylatra
• Red-footed Booby
  Red-footed Booby
  The Red-footed Booby, Sula sula, is a large seabird of the booby family, Sulidae. As suggested by the name, adults always have red feet, but the colour of the plumage varies. They are powerful and agile fliers, but they are clumsy in takeoffs and landings...
  
   Sula sula
• Brown Booby
  Brown Booby
  The Brown Booby is a large seabird of the booby family, Sulidae. The adult brown booby reaches about in length. Its head and upper body are covered in dark brown, with the remainder being a contrasting white. The juvenile form is gray-brown with darkening on the head, wings and tail...
  
   Sula leucogaster

Cormorants

Order: Pelecaniformes

Pelecaniformes

The Pelecaniformes is a order of medium-sized and large waterbirds found worldwide. As traditionally—but erroneously—defined, they encompass all birds that have feet with all four toes webbed. Hence, they were formerly also known by such names as totipalmates or steganopodes...

. Family: Phalacrocoracidae

The Phalacrocoracidae is a family of medium-to-large coastal, fish-eating seabirds that includes cormorants and shags. Plumage colouration varies with the majority having mainly dark plumage, some species being black and white, and a few being colourful. There are 38 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Nicaragua.

• Neotropic Cormorant
  Neotropic Cormorant
  The Neotropic Cormorant or Olivaceous Cormorant is a medium-sized cormorant found throughout the American tropics and subtropics, from the middle Rio Grande and the Gulf and Californian coasts of the USA south through Mexico and Central America to southern South America. It also breeds on the...
  
   Phalacrocorax brasilianus

Darters

Order: Pelecaniformes

Pelecaniformes

The Pelecaniformes is a order of medium-sized and large waterbirds found worldwide. As traditionally—but erroneously—defined, they encompass all birds that have feet with all four toes webbed. Hence, they were formerly also known by such names as totipalmates or steganopodes...

. Family: Anhingidae

Darters are frequently referred to as "snake-birds" because of their long thin neck, which gives a snake-like appearance when they swim with their bodies submerged.
The males have black and dark brown plumage, an erectile crest on the nape and a larger bill than the female. The females have a much paler plumage especially on the neck and underparts. The darters have completely webbed feet, and their legs are short and set far back on the body. Their plumage is somewhat permeable, like that of cormorants, and they spread their wings to dry after diving. There are 4 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Nicaragua.

• Anhinga
  Anhinga
  The Anhinga , sometimes called Snakebird, Darter, American Darter, or Water Turkey, is a water bird of the warmer parts of the Americas. The word "anhinga" comes from the Brazilian Tupi language and means devil bird or snake bird.It is a cormorant-like bird with an average body length of , a...
  
   Anhinga anhinga

Frigatebirds

Order: Pelecaniformes

Pelecaniformes

The Pelecaniformes is a order of medium-sized and large waterbirds found worldwide. As traditionally—but erroneously—defined, they encompass all birds that have feet with all four toes webbed. Hence, they were formerly also known by such names as totipalmates or steganopodes...

. Family: Fregatidae

Frigatebird

Frigatebird

The frigatebirds are a family, Fregatidae, of seabirds. There are five species in the single genus Fregata. They are also sometimes called Man of War birds or Pirate birds. Since they are related to the pelicans, the term "frigate pelican" is also a name applied to them...

s are large seabirds usually found over tropical oceans. They are large, black and white or completely black, with long wings and deeply-forked tails. The males have inflatable coloured throat pouches. They do not swim or walk, and cannot take off from a flat surface. Having the largest wingspan to body weight ratio of any bird, they are essentially aerial, able to stay aloft for more than a week. There are 5 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Nicaragua.

• Magnificent Frigatebird
  Magnificent Frigatebird
  The Magnificent Frigatebird was sometimes previously known as Man O'War, reflecting its rakish lines, speed, and aerial piracy of other birds....
  
   Fregata magnificens

Bitterns, herons and egrets

Order: Ciconiiformes

Ciconiiformes

Traditionally, the order Ciconiiformes has included a variety of large, long-legged wading birds with large bills: storks, herons, egrets, ibises, spoonbills, and several others. Ciconiiformes are known from the Late Eocene...

. Family: Ardeidae

The family Ardeidae contains the bittern

Bittern

Bitterns are a classification of birds in the heron family, Ardeidae, a family of wading birds. Species named bitterns tend to be the shorter-necked, often more secretive members of this family...

s, heron

Heron

The herons are long-legged freshwater and coastal birds in the family Ardeidae. There are 64 recognised species in this family. Some are called "egrets" or "bitterns" instead of "heron"....

s and egret

Egret

An egret is any of several herons, most of which are white or buff, and several of which develop fine plumes during the breeding season. Many egrets are members of the genera Egretta or Ardea which contain other species named as herons rather than egrets...

s. Herons and egrets are medium to large sized wading birds with long necks and legs. Bitterns tend to be shorter necked and more wary. Unlike other long-necked birds suck as storks, ibises and spoonbills, members of Ardeidae fly with their necks retracted. There are 61 species worldwide and 17 species which occur in Nicaragua.

• Great Blue Heron
  Great Blue Heron
  The Great Blue Heron is a large wading bird in the heron family Ardeidae, common near the shores of open water and in wetlands over most of North and Central America as well as the West Indies and the Galápagos Islands. It is a rare vagrant to Europe, with records from Spain, the Azores and England...
  
   Ardea herodias
• Great Egret
  Great Egret
  The Great Egret , also known as the Great White Egret or Common Egret, White Heron, or Great White Heron, is a large, widely-distributed egret. Distributed across most of the tropical and warmer temperate regions of the world, in southern Europe it is rather localized...
  
   Ardea alba
• Reddish Egret
  Reddish Egret
  The Reddish Egret is a small heron. It is a resident breeder in Central America, The Bahamas, the Caribbean, the Gulf Coast of the United States, and Mexico. There is post-breeding dispersal to well north of the nesting range...
  
   Egretta rufescens
• Tricolored Heron
  Tricolored Heron
  The Tricolored Heron formerly known in North America as the Louisiana Heron, is a small heron. It is a resident breeder from the Gulf states of the USA and northern Mexico south through Central America and the Caribbean to central Brazil and Peru...
  
   Egretta tricolor
• Little Blue Heron
  Little Blue Heron
  The Little Blue Heron, Egretta caerulea, is a small heron. It breeds from the Gulf states of the USA through Central America and the Caribbean south to Peru and Uruguay. It is a resident breeder in most of its range, but some northern breeders migrate to the southeastern USA or beyond in winter...
  
   Egretta caerulea
• Snowy Egret
  Snowy Egret
  The Snowy Egret is a small white heron. It is the American counterpart to the very similar Old World Little Egret, which has established a foothold in the Bahamas....
  
   Egretta thula
• Cattle Egret
  Cattle Egret
  The Cattle Egret is a cosmopolitan species of heron found in the tropics, subtropics and warm temperate zones. It is the only member of the monotypic genus Bubulcus, although some authorities regard its two subspecies as full species, the Western Cattle Egret and the Eastern Cattle Egret...
  
   Bubulcus ibis
• Green Heron
  Green Heron
  The Green Heron is a small heron of North and Central America. It was long considered conspecific with its sister species the Striated Heron , and together they were called "Green-backed Heron"...
  
   Butorides virescens
• Agami Heron
  Agami Heron
  The Agami Heron is a medium-sized heron. It is a resident breeding bird from Central America south to Peru and Brazil.It is sometimes known as the Chestnut-bellied Heron, and is the only member of the genus Agamia .The Agami Heron's habitat is forest swamps and similar wooded wetlands...
  
   Agamia agami
• Black-crowned Night-Heron Nycticorax nycticorax
• Yellow-crowned Night-Heron Nyctanassa violacea
• Boat-billed Heron
  Boat-billed Heron
  The Boat-billed Heron - colloquially known as the Boatbill - is an atypical member of the heron family, and was formerly thought to be in a monotypic family, Cochlearidae....
  
   Cochlearius cochlearius
• Bare-throated Tiger-Heron Tigrisoma mexicanum
• Rufescent Tiger-Heron
  Rufescent Tiger-heron
  The Rufescent Tiger Heron , also known as the Soco-Boi, is a species of heron in the Ardeidae family.-Distribution and habitat:...
  
   Tigrisoma lineatum
• Least Bittern
  Least Bittern
  The Least Bittern is a small wading bird, the smallest heron found in the Americas.This bird's underparts and throat are white with light brown streaks. Their face and the sides of the neck are light brown; they have yellow eyes and a yellow bill. The adult male is glossy greenish black on the...
  
   Ixobrychus exilis
• Pinnated Bittern Botaurus pinnatus
• American Bittern
  American Bittern
  The American Bittern is a wading bird of the heron family Ardeidae. New evidence has led the American Ornithologists' Union to move the heron family into the order Pelecaniformes .-Description:...
  
   Botaurus lentiginosus

Storks

Order: Ciconiiformes

Ciconiiformes

Traditionally, the order Ciconiiformes has included a variety of large, long-legged wading birds with large bills: storks, herons, egrets, ibises, spoonbills, and several others. Ciconiiformes are known from the Late Eocene...

. Family: Ciconiidae

Storks are large, long-legged, long-necked, wading birds with long, stout bills. Storks are mute; bill-clattering is an important mode of stork communication at the nest. Their nests can be large and may be reused for many years. Many species are migratory. There are 19 species worldwide and 2 species which occur in Nicaragua.

• Wood Stork
  Wood Stork
  The Wood Stork is a large American wading bird in the stork family Ciconiidae. It was formerly called the "Wood Ibis", though it is not really an ibis.-Appearance:...
  
   Mycteria americana
• Jabiru
  Jabiru
  The Jabiru is a large stork found in the Americas from Mexico to Argentina, except west of the Andes. It is most common in the Pantanal region of Brazil and the Eastern Chaco region of Paraguay. It is the only member of the genus Jabiru...
  
   Jabiru mycteria

Ibises and spoonbills

Order: Ciconiiformes

Ciconiiformes

Traditionally, the order Ciconiiformes has included a variety of large, long-legged wading birds with large bills: storks, herons, egrets, ibises, spoonbills, and several others. Ciconiiformes are known from the Late Eocene...

. Family: Threskiornithidae

Threskiornithidae

The family Threskiornithidae includes 34 species of large terrestrial and wading birds, falling into two subfamilies, the ibises and the spoonbills. It was formerly known as Plataleidae. The spoonbills and ibises were once thought to be related to other groups of long-legged wading birds in the...

The Threskiornithidae is a family of large terrestrial and wading birds which includes the ibis

Ibis

The ibises are a group of long-legged wading birds in the family Threskiornithidae....

es and spoonbill

Spoonbill

Spoonbills are a group of large, long-legged wading birds in the family Threskiornithidae, which also includes the Ibises.All have large, flat, spatulate bills and feed by wading through shallow water, sweeping the partly opened bill from side to side...

s. They have long, broad wings with 11 primary and about 20 secondary feathers. They are strong fliers and despite their size and weight, very capable soarers. There are 36 species worldwide and 4 species which occur in Nicaragua.

• White Ibis
  American White Ibis
  The American White Ibis is a species of wading bird in the ibis family Threskiornithidae. It occurs from the mid-Atlantic and Gulf coast of the United States south through most of the New World tropics...
  
   Eudocimus albus
• Glossy Ibis
  Glossy Ibis
  The Glossy Ibis is a wading bird in the ibis family Threskiornithidae.This is the most widespread ibis species, breeding in scattered sites in warm regions of Europe, Asia, Africa, Australia, and the Atlantic and Caribbean region of the Americas...
  
   Plegadis falcinellus
• White-faced Ibis
  White-faced Ibis
  The White-faced Ibis is a wading bird in the ibis family Threskiornithidae.This species breeds colonially in marshes, usually nesting in bushes or low trees. Its breeding range extends from the western USA south through Mexico, as well as from southeastern Brazil and southeastern Bolivia south to...
  
   Plegadis chihi (A)
• Roseate Spoonbill
  Roseate Spoonbill
  The Roseate Spoonbill, Platalea ajaja, is a gregarious wading bird of the ibis and spoonbill family, Threskiornithidae...
  
   Platalea ajaja

Ducks and geese

Order: Anseriformes

Anseriformes

The order Anseriformes contains about 150 living species of birds in three extant families: the Anhimidae , Anseranatidae , and the Anatidae, which includes over 140 species of waterfowl, among them the ducks, geese, and swans.All species in the order are highly adapted for an aquatic existence at...

. Family: Anatidae

Anatidae

Anatidae is the biological family of birds that includes ducks, geese and swans. The family has a cosmopolitan distribution, occurring on all the world's continents except Antarctica and on most of the world's islands and island groups...

The family Anatidae includes the duck

Duck

Duck is the common name for a large number of species in the Anatidae family of birds, which also includes swans and geese. The ducks are divided among several subfamilies in the Anatidae family; they do not represent a monophyletic group but a form taxon, since swans and geese are not considered...

s and most duck-like waterfowl, such as geese

Goose

The word goose is the English name for a group of waterfowl, belonging to the family Anatidae. This family also includes swans, most of which are larger than true geese, and ducks, which are smaller....

 and swan

Swan

Swans, genus Cygnus, are birds of the family Anatidae, which also includes geese and ducks. Swans are grouped with the closely related geese in the subfamily Anserinae where they form the tribe Cygnini. Sometimes, they are considered a distinct subfamily, Cygninae...

s. These are birds that are modified for an aquatic existence with webbed feet, flattened bills and feathers that are excellent at shedding water due to an oily coating. There are 131 species worldwide and 12 species which occur in Nicaragua.

• Black-bellied Whistling-Duck Dendrocygna autumnalis
• Muscovy Duck
  Muscovy Duck
  The Muscovy Duck is a large duck which is native to Mexico and Central and South America. A small wild population reaches into the United States in the lower Rio Grande Valley of Texas...
  
   Cairina moschata
• American Wigeon
  American Wigeon
  The American Wigeon, also American Widgeon or Baldpate, is a species of wigeon in the dabbling duck genus Anas. If this is split up, all wigeons will go into their old genus Mareca again...
  
   Anas americana
• Mallard
  Mallard
  The Mallard , or Wild Duck , is a dabbling duck which breeds throughout the temperate and subtropical Americas, Europe, Asia, and North Africa, and has been introduced to New Zealand and Australia....
  
   Anas platyrhynchos (A)
• Northern Pintail
  Northern Pintail
  The Pintail or Northern Pintail is a widely occurring duck which breeds in the northern areas of Europe, Asia and North America. It is strongly migratory and winters south of its breeding range to the equator...
  
   Anas acuta
• Blue-winged Teal
  Blue-winged Teal
  The Blue-winged Teal is a small dabbling duck from North America.-Description:The Blue-winged Teal is long, with a wingspan of , and a weight of . The adult male has a greyish blue head with a white facial crescent, a light brown body with a white patch near the rear and a black tail. The adult...
  
   Anas discors
• Cinnamon Teal
  Cinnamon Teal
  The Cinnamon Teal is a small, reddish dabbling duck found in marshes and ponds of western North and South America.thumb|left|Female Anas cyanoptera septentrionalium...
  
   Anas cyanoptera
• Northern Shoveler
  Northern Shoveler
  The Northern Shoveler , Northern Shoveller in British English, sometimes known simply as the Shoveler, is a common and widespread duck. It breeds in northern areas of Europe and Asia and across most of North America, and is a rare vagrant to Australia...
  
   Anas clypeata
• Ring-necked Duck
  Ring-necked Duck
  The Ring-necked Duck is a smaller diving duck from North America.The adult male is similar in color pattern to the Eurasian Tufted Duck, its relative. It has a grey bill with a white band, a shiny purple head, a white breast, yellow eyes and a dark grey back...
  
   Aythya collaris
• Lesser Scaup
  Lesser Scaup
  The Lesser Scaup is a small North American diving duck that migrates south as far as Central America in winter. It is colloquially known as the Little Bluebill or Broadbill because of its distinctive blue bill...
  
   Aythya affinis
• Masked Duck
  Masked Duck
  The Masked Duck is a tiny stiff-tailed duck ranging through the tropical Americas. They are found from Mexico to South America and also in the Caribbean...
  
   Nomonyx dominica
• Ruddy Duck
  Ruddy Duck
  The Ruddy Duck is a small stiff-tailed duck.Their breeding habitat is marshy lakes and ponds throughout much of North America, and in South America in the Andes. They nest in dense marsh vegetation near water. The female builds her nest out of grass, locating it in tall vegetation to hide it from...
  
   Oxyura jamaicensis (A)

New World vultures

Order: Falconiformes

Falconiformes

The order Falconiformes is a group of about 290 species of birds that comprises the diurnal birds of prey. Raptor classification is difficult and the order is treated in several ways.- Classification problems :...

. Family: Cathartidae

The New World vultures are not closely related to Old World vultures, but superficially resemble them because of convergent evolution

Convergent evolution

Convergent evolution describes the acquisition of the same biological trait in unrelated lineages.The wing is a classic example of convergent evolution in action. Although their last common ancestor did not have wings, both birds and bats do, and are capable of powered flight. The wings are...

. Like the Old World vultures, they are scavengers. However, unlike Old World vultures, which find carcasses by sight, New World vultures have a good sense of smell with which they locate carrion

Carrion

Carrion refers to the carcass of a dead animal. Carrion is an important food source for large carnivores and omnivores in most ecosystems. Examples of carrion-eaters include vultures, hawks, eagles, hyenas, Virginia Opossum, Tasmanian Devils, coyotes, Komodo dragons, and burying beetles...

. There are 7 species worldwide, all of which are found only in the Americas, and 4 species which occur in Nicaragua.

• Black Vulture
  American Black Vulture
  The Black Vulture also known as the American Black Vulture, is a bird in the New World vulture family whose range extends from the southeastern United States to Central Chile and Uruguay in South America...
  
   Coragyps atratus
• Turkey Vulture
  Turkey Vulture
  The Turkey Vulture is a bird found throughout most of the Americas. It is also known in some North American regions as the Turkey Buzzard , and in some areas of the Caribbean as the John Crow or Carrion Crow...
  
   Cathartes aura
• Lesser Yellow-headed Vulture
  Lesser Yellow-headed Vulture
  The Lesser Yellow-headed Vulture, Cathartes burrovianus, also known as the Savannah Vulture, is a species of bird in the New World Vulture family Cathartidae. It was considered to be the same species as the Greater Yellow-headed Vulture until they were split in 1964...
  
   Cathartes burrovianus
• King Vulture
  King Vulture
  The King Vulture is a large bird found in Central and South America. It is a member of the New World vulture family Cathartidae. This vulture lives predominantly in tropical lowland forests stretching from southern Mexico to northern Argentina, though some believe that William Bartram's Painted...
  
   Sarcoramphus papa

Osprey

Order: Falconiformes

Falconiformes

The order Falconiformes is a group of about 290 species of birds that comprises the diurnal birds of prey. Raptor classification is difficult and the order is treated in several ways.- Classification problems :...

. Family: Pandionidae

The Pandionidae family contains only one species, the Osprey. The Osprey is a medium large raptor

Bird of prey

Birds of prey are birds that hunt for food primarily on the wing, using their keen senses, especially vision. They are defined as birds that primarily hunt vertebrates, including other birds. Their talons and beaks tend to be relatively large, powerful and adapted for tearing and/or piercing flesh....

 which is a specialist fish-eater with a worldwide distribution.

• Osprey
  Osprey
  The Osprey , sometimes known as the sea hawk or fish eagle, is a diurnal, fish-eating bird of prey. It is a large raptor, reaching more than in length and across the wings...
  
   Pandion haliaetus

Hawks, kites and eagles

Order: Falconiformes

Falconiformes

The order Falconiformes is a group of about 290 species of birds that comprises the diurnal birds of prey. Raptor classification is difficult and the order is treated in several ways.- Classification problems :...

. Family: Accipitridae

Accipitridae

The Accipitridae, one of the two major families within the order Accipitriformes , are a family of small to large birds with strongly hooked bills and variable morphology based on diet. They feed on a range of prey items from insects to medium-sized mammals, with a number feeding on carrion and a...

Accipitridae is a family of birds of prey and include hawk

Hawk

The term hawk can be used in several ways:* In strict usage in Australia and Africa, to mean any of the species in the subfamily Accipitrinae, which comprises the genera Accipiter, Micronisus, Melierax, Urotriorchis and Megatriorchis. The large and widespread Accipiter genus includes goshawks,...

s, eagle

Eagle

Eagles are members of the bird family Accipitridae, and belong to several genera which are not necessarily closely related to each other. Most of the more than 60 species occur in Eurasia and Africa. Outside this area, just two species can be found in the United States and Canada, nine more in...

s, kites

Kite (bird)

Kites are raptors with long wings and weak legs which spend a great deal of time soaring. Most feed mainly on carrion but some take various amounts of live prey.They are birds of prey which, along with hawks and eagles, are from the family Accipitridae....

, harriers

Harrier (bird)

A harrier is any of the several species of diurnal hawks forming the Circinae sub-family of the Accipitridae family of birds of prey. Harriers characteristically hunt by flying low over open ground, feeding on small mammals, reptiles, or birds....

 and Old World vultures. These birds have powerful hooked beaks for tearing flesh from their prey, strong legs, powerful talons, and keen eyesight. There are 233 species worldwide and 36 species which occur in Nicaragua.

• Gray-headed Kite
  Gray-headed Kite
  The Gray-headed Kite, Leptodon cayanensis, is a raptor found in open woodland and swamp forests. It shares the genus Leptodon with the extremely rare White-collared Kite. It breeds from eastern Mexico and Trinidad south to Peru, Bolivia,Brazil and northern Argentina.The nest is made of sticks lined...
  
   Leptodon cayanensis
• Hook-billed Kite
  Hook-billed Kite
  The Hook-billed Kite, Chondrohierax uncinatus, is a bird of prey in the family Accipitridae, which also includes many other diurnal raptors such as kites, eagles, and harriers...
  
   Chondrohierax uncinatus
• Swallow-tailed Kite
  Swallow-tailed Kite
  The Swallow-tailed Kite is an elanid kite which breeds from the southeastern United States to eastern Peru and northern Argentina. Most North and Central American breeders winter in South America where the species is resident year round...
  
   Elanoides forficatus
• Pearl Kite
  Pearl Kite
  The Pearl Kite is a very small raptor found in open savanna habitat adjacent to deciduous woodland. It is the only member of the genus Gampsonyx...
  
   Gampsonyx swainsonii
• White-tailed Kite
  White-tailed Kite
  The White-tailed Kite is an elanid kite of genus Elanus found in western North America and parts of South America.Their coloration is gull-like, but their shape and flight falcon-like, with a rounded tail...
  
   Elanus leucurus
• Snail Kite
  Snail Kite
  The Snail Kite is a bird of prey within the family Accipitridae, which also includes the eagles, hawks, and Old World vultures. Its relative, the Slender-billed Kite, is now again placed in Helicolestes, making the genus Rostrhamus monotypic...
  
   Rostrhamus sociabilis
• Double-toothed Kite
  Double-toothed Kite
  The Double-toothed Kite is a species of bird of prey in the Accipitridae family. It is found in Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, French Guiana, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, and Venezuela.This fairly...
  
   Harpagus bidentatus
• Mississippi Kite
  Mississippi Kite
  The Mississippi Kite is a small bird of prey in the family Accipitridae. It is 12 to 15 inches beak to tail and has a wingspan averaging 3 feet . Weight is from 214 to 388 grams . Adults are gray with darker gray on their tail feathers and outer wings and lighter gray on their heads...
  
   Ictinia mississippiensis
• Plumbeous Kite
  Plumbeous Kite
  The Plumbeous Kite is a bird of prey in the family Accipitridae, which also includes the eagles, hawks and Old World vultures....
  
   Ictinia plumbea
• Northern Harrier Circus cyaneus
• Tiny Hawk
  Tiny Hawk
  The Tiny Hawk is a small diurnal bird of prey found in or near forests, primarily humid, throughout much of the Neotropics. It is primarily a bird-eater, and is known to prey on hummingbirds....
  
   Accipiter superciliosus
• Sharp-shinned Hawk
  Sharp-shinned Hawk
  The Sharp-shinned Hawk is a small hawk. In fact, "sharp-shins" or "sharpies" are the smallest to reside in USA and Canada, though some Neotropical species are smaller...
  
   Accipiter striatus
• Cooper's Hawk
  Cooper's Hawk
  Cooper's Hawk is a medium-sized hawk native to the North American continent and found from Canada to Mexico. As in many birds of prey, the male is smaller than the female...
  
   Accipiter cooperii
• Bicolored Hawk Accipiter bicolor
• Crane Hawk
  Crane Hawk
  The Crane Hawk is a species of bird of prey in the Accipitridae family. It is monotypic within the genus Geranospiza....
  
   Geranospiza caerulescens
• Semiplumbeous Hawk
  Semiplumbeous Hawk
  The Semiplumbeous Hawk is a species of bird of prey in the Accipitridae family.It is found in Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Honduras, and Panama. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests....
  
   Leucopternis semiplumbeus
• White Hawk
  White Hawk
  The White Hawk , a bird of prey breeding in the tropical New World, belongs to the family Accipitridae of the Falconiformes; it is sometimes separated in the Accipitriformes with the other hawks and their relatives...
  
   Leucopternis albicollis
• Common Black-Hawk Buteogallus anthracinus
• Great Black-Hawk Buteogallus urubitinga
• Harris's Hawk
  Harris's Hawk
  The Harris's Hawk or Harris Hawk formerly known as the Bay-winged Hawk or Dusky Hawk, is a medium-large bird of prey which breeds from the southwestern United States south to Chile and central Argentina...
  
   Parabuteo unicinctus
• Black-collared Hawk
  Black-collared Hawk
  The Black-collared Hawk is a species of bird of prey in the Accipitridae family. It is monotypic within the genus Busarellus....
  
   Busarellus nigricollis
• Solitary Eagle
  Solitary Eagle
  The Montane Solitary Eagle, Harpyhaliaetus solitarius, is a large Neotropical eagle.- Range and habitat :The Montane Solitary Eagle is native to Mexico and Central and South America. It is found in mountainous or hilly forests, at elevations between 600 m & 2,200 m...
  
   Harpyhaliaetus solitarius
• Gray Hawk
  Gray Hawk
  The Grey Hawk or Grey-lined Hawk is a smallish raptor found in open country and forest edges. It is sometimes placed in the genus Asturina as Asturina nitida....
  
   Asturina nitida
• Roadside Hawk
  Roadside Hawk
  The Roadside Hawk is a relatively small bird of prey found in Latin America. This vocal species is often the most common raptor in its range. It has many subspecies and is sometimes placed in the monotypic genus Rupornis instead of Buteo.-Description:The Roadside Hawk is long and weighs...
  
   Buteo magnirostris
• Broad-winged Hawk
  Broad-winged Hawk
  The Broad-winged Hawk is a small hawk of the genus Buteo. During the summer some subspecies are distributed over eastern North America, as far west as British Columbia and Texas; they then migrate south to winter in the neotropics from Mexico down to southern Brazil. Other subspecies are all-year...
  
   Buteo platypterus
• Short-tailed Hawk
  Short-tailed Hawk
  The Short-tailed Hawk is an American bird of prey in the family Accipitridae, which also includes the eagles and Old World vultures. As a member of the genus Buteo, it is not a true hawk and thus also referred to as a "buteo" or "buzzard". The White-throated Hawk The Short-tailed Hawk (Buteo...
  
   Buteo brachyurus
• Swainson's Hawk
  Swainson's Hawk
  The Swainson's Hawk , is a large buteo hawk of the Falconiformes, sometimes separated in the Accipitriformes like its relatives. This species was named after William Swainson, a British naturalist...
  
   Buteo swainsoni
• White-tailed Hawk
  White-tailed Hawk
  The White-tailed Hawk is a large bird of prey species found in tropical or subtropical environments across the Americas.-Description:...
  
   Buteo albicaudatus
• Zone-tailed Hawk
  Zone-tailed Hawk
  The Zone-tailed Hawk is a medium-sized hawk of warm, dry parts of the Americas. It feeds on small vertebrates of all kinds , including birds up to the size of quail....
  
   Buteo albonotatus
• Red-tailed Hawk
  Red-tailed Hawk
  The Red-tailed Hawk is a bird of prey, one of three species colloquially known in the United States as the "chickenhawk," though it rarely preys on standard sized chickens. It breeds throughout most of North America, from western Alaska and northern Canada to as far south as Panama and the West...
  
   Buteo jamaicensis
• Crested Eagle
  Crested Eagle
  The Crested Eagle is a large Neotropical eagle. It is the only member of the genus Morphnus. It is 71–89 cm long and has a wingspan of 138–176 cm...
  
   Morphnus guianensis
• Harpy Eagle Harpia harpyja
• Black-and-white Hawk-Eagle
  Black-and-white Hawk-eagle
  The Black-and-white Hawk-Eagle is a bird of prey species in the eagle and hawk family...
  
   Spizastur melanoleucus
• Black Hawk-Eagle
  Black Hawk-Eagle
  The Black Hawk-Eagle , also known as theTyrant Hawk-Eagle, is a species of eagle found from central Mexico to eastern Peru, the south of Brazil, and far northern Argentina. Its preferred habitats include humid and moist forests close to rivers, and several types of woodland. It is uncommon to...
  
   Spizaetus tyrannus
• Ornate Hawk-Eagle Spizaetus ornatus

Caracaras and falcons

Order: Falconiformes

Falconiformes

The order Falconiformes is a group of about 290 species of birds that comprises the diurnal birds of prey. Raptor classification is difficult and the order is treated in several ways.- Classification problems :...

. Family: Falconidae

Falconidae

The falcons and caracaras are around 60 species of diurnal birds of prey that make up the family Falconidae. The family is divided into two subfamiles, Polyborinae, which includes the caracaras and forest falcons, and Falconinae, the falcons, kestrels and falconets.-Description:Falcons and...

Falconidae is a family of diurnal birds of prey. They differ from hawks, eagles, and kites in that they kill with their beaks instead of their feet. There are 62 species worldwide and 11 species which occur in Nicaragua.

• Red-throated Caracara
  Red-throated Caracara
  The Red-throated Caracara is a social species of bird of prey in the Falconidae family. It is placed in the monotypic genus Ibycter, or sometimes united in Daptrius with the Black Caracara...
  
   Ibycter americanus
• Northern Caracara Caracara cheriway
• Laughing Falcon
  Laughing Falcon
  The Laughing Falcon , also called the Snake Hawk , is a medium-sized bird of prey in the falcon family , the only member of the genus Herpetotheres. This Neotropical species is a specialist snake-eater...
  
   Herpetotheres cachinnans
• Barred Forest-falcon
  Barred Forest-falcon
  The Barred Forest Falcon is a species of bird of prey in the Falconidae family which includes the falcons, caracaras, and their relatives...
  
   Micrastur ruficollis
• Collared Forest-falcon
  Collared Forest-falcon
  The Collared Forest Falcon is a species of bird of prey in the Falconidae family.It is found in Argentina, Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, French Guiana, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname and Venezuela.Its natural...
  
   Micrastur semitorquatus
• American Kestrel
  American Kestrel
  The American Kestrel , sometimes colloquially known as the Sparrow Hawk, is a small falcon, and the only kestrel found in the Americas. It is the most common falcon in North America, and is found in a wide variety of habitats. At long, it is also the smallest falcon in North America...
  
   Falco sparverius
• Aplomado Falcon
  Aplomado Falcon
  The Aplomado Falcon, Falco femoralis, is a medium-sized falcon of the Americas. The species' largest contiguous range is in South America, but not in the deep interior Amazon Basin. It was long known as Falco fusco-coerulescens or Falco fuscocaerulescens, but these names are now believed to refer...
  
   Falco femoralis
• Merlin
  Merlin (bird)
  The Merlin is a small species of falcon from the Northern Hemisphere. A bird of prey once known colloquially as a pigeon hawk in North America, the Merlin breeds in the northern Holarctic; some migrate to subtropical and northern tropical regions in winter.-European and North American...
  
   Falco columbarius
• Bat Falcon
  Bat Falcon
  The Bat Falcon is a falcon that is a resident breeder in tropical Mexico, Central and South America and Trinidad. It was long known as Falco albigularis; the name Falco fusco-coerulescens or Falco fuscocaerulescens, long used for the Aplomado Falcon, are now believed to refer to the present...
  
   Falco rufigularis
• Orange-breasted Falcon
  Orange-breasted Falcon
  The Orange-breasted Falcon is a bird of the falcon family. It is probably closely related to and looks like a larger version of the Bat Falcon. These two, in turn, are probably closest to the Aplomado Falcon and constitute a rather old American lineage of Falcos.It is found from southern Mexico to...
  
   Falco deiroleucus
• Peregrine Falcon
  Peregrine Falcon
  The Peregrine Falcon , also known as the Peregrine, and historically as the Duck Hawk in North America, is a widespread bird of prey in the family Falconidae. A large, crow-sized falcon, it has a blue-gray back, barred white underparts, and a black head and "moustache"...
  
   Falco peregrinus

Guans, chachalacas and allies

Order: Galliformes

Galliformes

Galliformes are an order of heavy-bodied ground-feeding domestic or game bird, containing turkey, grouse, chicken, New and Old World Quail, ptarmigan, partridge, pheasant, and the Cracidae. Common names are gamefowl or gamebirds, landfowl, gallinaceous birds or galliforms...

. Family: Cracidae

Cracidae

The chachalacas, guans and curassows are birds in the family Cracidae.These are species of tropical and subtropical Central and South America. One species, the Plain Chachalaca, just reaches southernmost Texas in the USA...

The Cracidae are large birds, similar in general appearance to turkeys. The guans and curassows live in trees, but the smaller chachalacas are found in more open scrubby habitats. They are generally dull-plumaged, but the curassows and some guans have colourful facial ornaments. There are 50 species worldwide and 6 species which occur in Nicaragua.

• Plain Chachalaca
  Plain Chachalaca
  The Plain Chachalaca, Ortalis vetula, is a large bird in the Cracidae family. It breeds in tropical and subtropical environments from mezquital thickets in the Rio Grande Valley in southernmost Texas, United States to northernmost Costa Rica....
  
   Ortalis vetula
• Gray-headed Chachalaca Ortalis cinereiceps
• White-bellied Chachalaca
  White-bellied Chachalaca
  The White-bellied Chachalaca is a species of bird in the Cracidae family.It is found in Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, and Nicaragua....
  
   Ortalis leucogastra
• Crested Guan
  Crested Guan
  The Crested Guan, Penelope purpurascens, is a member of an ancient group of birds of the Cracidae family, which are related to the Australasian mound builders. It breeds in lowlands from south Mexico and the Yucatán Peninsula to western Ecuador and southern Venezuela at up to 1850 m altitude.The...
  
   Penelope purpurascens
• Highland Guan
  Highland Guan
  The Highland Guan is a species of bird in the Cracidae family. It is found in the highlands of El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, southern Mexico, and Nicaragua.Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forest...
  
   Penelopina nigra
• Great Curassow
  Great Curassow
  The Great Curassow is a large, pheasant-like bird from the Neotropics. At in length and in weight, this is a very large cracid. No other cracid match its maximum weight, but its length is matched by a few other cracids....
  
   Crax rubra

New World quails

Order: Galliformes

Galliformes

Galliformes are an order of heavy-bodied ground-feeding domestic or game bird, containing turkey, grouse, chicken, New and Old World Quail, ptarmigan, partridge, pheasant, and the Cracidae. Common names are gamefowl or gamebirds, landfowl, gallinaceous birds or galliforms...

. Family: Odontophoridae

The New World quail

New World quail

The New World quails or Odontophorids are small birds only distantly related to the Old World Quails, but named for their similar appearance and habits. The American species are in their own family Odontophoridae, whereas Old World Quail are in the pheasant family Phasianidae...

s are small, plump terrestrial birds only distantly related to the quails of the Old World, but named for their similar appearance and habits. There are 32 species worldwide, all found only in the Americas, and 8 species which occur in Nicaragua.

• Buffy-crowned Wood-Partridge
  Buffy-crowned Wood-partridge
  The Buffy-crowned Wood Partridge is a species of bird in the Odontophoridae family.It is found in Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, and Nicaragua....
  
   Dendrortyx leucophrys
• Black-throated Bobwhite
  Black-throated Bobwhite
  The Yucatan Bobwhite or Black-throated Bobwhite is a species of bird in the Odontophoridae family.It is found in Belize, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, and Nicaragua....
  
   Colinus nigrogularis
• Crested Bobwhite
  Crested Bobwhite
  The Crested Bobwhite is a species of bird in the Odontophoridae family.It is found in northern South America, extending through Panama to just reach Costa Rica...
  
   Colinus cristatus
• Black-eared Wood-Quail
  Black-eared Wood-quail
  The Black-eared Wood Quail is a species of bird in the Odontophoridae family.It is found in Costa Rica, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Panama.-References:* BirdLife International 2004. . Downloaded on 10 July 2007....
  
   Odontophorus melanotis
• Rufous-fronted Wood-Quail
  Rufous-fronted Wood-quail
  The Rufous-fronted Wood Quail is a species of bird in the Odontophoridae family.It is found in Colombia and Ecuador. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and subtropical or tropical moist montane forests.-References:* BirdLife International 2004. . Downloaded...
  
   Odontophorus erythrops
• Spotted Wood-Quail
  Spotted Wood-Quail
  The Spotted Wood Quail, Odontophorus guttatus, is a small ground-dwelling bird in the New World quail family. It is a resident breeder in the mountains of Central America from southern Mexico to western Panama....
  
   Odontophorus guttatus
• Ocellated Quail
  Ocellated Quail
  The Ocellated Quail is a species of bird in the Odontophoridae family.It is found in El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, and Nicaragua....
  
   Cyrtonyx ocellatus
• Tawny-faced Quail
  Tawny-faced Quail
  The Tawny-faced Quail is a species of bird in the Odontophoridae family, and the only species in its genus Rhynchortyx.It is found in Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Panama...
  
   Rhynchortyx cinctus

Limpkins

Order: Gruiformes

Gruiformes

The Gruiformes are an order containing a considerable number of living and extinct bird families, with a widespread geographical diversity. Gruiform means "crane-like"....

. Family: Aramidae

The Limpkin resembles a large rail. It has drab brown plumage and a greyer head and neck.

• Limpkin
  Limpkin
  The Limpkin , Aramus guarauna, is a bird that looks like a large rail but is skeletally closer to cranes. It is the only extant species in the genus Aramus and the family Aramidae. It is found mostly in wetlands in warm parts of the Americas, from Florida to northern Argentina...
  
   Aramus guarauna

Rails, crakes, gallinules, and coots

Order: Gruiformes

Gruiformes

The Gruiformes are an order containing a considerable number of living and extinct bird families, with a widespread geographical diversity. Gruiform means "crane-like"....

. Family: Rallidae

Rallidae

The rails, or Rallidae, are a large cosmopolitan family of small to medium-sized birds. The family exhibits considerable diversity and the family also includes the crakes, coots, and gallinules...

Rallidae is a large family of small to medium-sized birds which includes the rails, crakes, coot

Coot

Coots are medium-sized water birds that are members of the rail family Rallidae. They constitute the genus Fulica. Coots have predominantly black plumage, and, unlike many of the rails, they are usually easy to see, often swimming in open water...

s, and gallinule

Rallidae

The rails, or Rallidae, are a large cosmopolitan family of small to medium-sized birds. The family exhibits considerable diversity and the family also includes the crakes, coots, and gallinules...

s. Typically they inhabit dense vegetation in damp environments near lakes, swamps, or rivers. In general they are shy and secretive birds, difficult to observe. Most species have strong legs, and have long toes which are well adapted to soft, uneven surfaces. They tend to have short, rounded wings and be weak fliers. There are 143 species worldwide and 11 species which occur in Nicaragua.

• Ruddy Crake
  Ruddy Crake
  The Ruddy Crake is a bird in the rail family, Rallidae. It is a small crake, 14-16.5 cm in length. It is mostly bright chestnut in colour with a paler chin and belly, blackish crown and dark grey ear-coverts. The bill is black, the iris is red and the legs and feet are olive-green.The bird...
  
   Laterallus ruber
• White-throated Crake
  White-throated Crake
  The White-throated Crake is a species of bird in the Rallidae family.It is found in Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Panama. Its natural habitat is swamps.-References:...
  
   Laterallus albigularis
• Gray-breasted Crake Laterallus exilis
• Rufous-necked Wood-Rail
  Rufous-necked Wood-rail
  The Rufous-necked Wood Rail is a species of bird in the Rallidae family.It is found in Belize, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, French Guiana, Guyana, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, and Venezuela.Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical...
  
   Aramides axillaris
• Gray-necked Wood-Rail Aramides cajanea
• Uniform Crake
  Uniform Crake
  The Uniform Crake is a species of bird in the Rallidae family, the only member of the genus Amaurolimnas. It is found widely, but locally, in swampy forests and wetlands of southern Mexico, and Central and South America...
  
   Amaurolimnas concolor
• Sora
  Sora (crake)
  The Sora is a small waterbird of the family Rallidae, sometimes also referred to as the Sora Rail or Sora Crake.Adults Soras are long, with dark-marked brown upperparts, a blue-grey face and underparts, and black and white barring on the flanks. They have a short thick yellow bill, with black...
  
   Porzana carolina
• Yellow-breasted Crake
  Yellow-breasted Crake
  The Yellow-breasted Crake is a species of bird in the Rallidae family.It is found in Argentina, Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Cayman Islands, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, the Dominican Republic, El Salvador, French Guiana, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Puerto...
  
   Porzana flaviventer
• Purple Gallinule
  American Purple Gallinule
  The American Purple Gallinule is a "swamp hen" in the rail family Rallidae.A medium-sized rail with big yellow feet, purple-blue plumage with a green back, and red and yellow bill. It has a pale blue forehead shield and white undertail.Juveniles are brown overall with a brownish olive back...
  
   Porphyrio martinica
• Common Gallinule
  Common Gallinule
  The Common Gallinule, is a North American bird in the Rallidae family which has recently been split from the Common Moorhen by the AOU in July 2011. It lives around well-vegetated marshes, ponds, canals and other wetlands. The species is not found in the polar regions, or many tropical rainforests...
  
   Gallinula galeata
• American Coot
  American Coot
  The American Coot is a bird of the family Rallidae, inhabiting wetlands and open water bodies. Measuring in length and across the wings, adults have a short thick white bill and white frontal shield, which usually has a reddish-brown spot near the top of the bill between the eyes...
  
   Fulica americana

Sungrebe

Order: Gruiformes

Gruiformes

The Gruiformes are an order containing a considerable number of living and extinct bird families, with a widespread geographical diversity. Gruiform means "crane-like"....

. Family: Heliornithidae

Heliornithidae

The Heliornithidae are a small family of tropical birds with webbed lobes on their feet like those of grebes and coots. The family overall are known as finfoots, although one species is known as a Sungrebe. The family is composed of three species in three genera.-Description:Finfoots resemble...

The Heliornithidae are small family of tropical birds with webbed lobes on their feet similar to those of grebes and coots. There are 3 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Nicaragua.

• Sungrebe
  Sungrebe
  The Sungrebe or American Finfoot is a bird which breeds in tropical Central and South America from southern Mexico to northeast Argentina and southern Brazil....
  
   Heliornis fulica

Sunbittern

Order: Gruiformes

Gruiformes

The Gruiformes are an order containing a considerable number of living and extinct bird families, with a widespread geographical diversity. Gruiform means "crane-like"....

. Family: Eurypygidae

The Sunbittern is a bittern

Bittern

Bitterns are a classification of birds in the heron family, Ardeidae, a family of wading birds. Species named bitterns tend to be the shorter-necked, often more secretive members of this family...

-like bird

Bird

Birds are feathered, winged, bipedal, endothermic , egg-laying, vertebrate animals. Around 10,000 living species and 188 families makes them the most speciose class of tetrapod vertebrates. They inhabit ecosystems across the globe, from the Arctic to the Antarctic. Extant birds range in size from...

 of tropical regions of the Americas

Americas

The Americas, or America , are lands in the Western hemisphere, also known as the New World. In English, the plural form the Americas is often used to refer to the landmasses of North America and South America with their associated islands and regions, while the singular form America is primarily...

, and the sole member of the family Eurypygidae (sometimes spelled Eurypigidae) and genus Eurypyga.

• Sunbittern
  Sunbittern
  The Sunbittern, Eurypyga helias is a bittern-like bird of tropical regions of the Americas, and the sole member of the family Eurypygidae and genus Eurypyga.-Description and reproduction:...
  
   Eurypyga helias

Jacanas

Order: Charadriiformes

Charadriiformes

Charadriiformes is a diverse order of small to medium-large birds. It includes about 350 species and has members in all parts of the world. Most Charadriiformes live near water and eat invertebrates or other small animals; however, some are pelagic , some occupy deserts and a few are found in thick...

. Family: Jacanidae

The jacana

Jacana

The jaçanas are a group of tropical waders in the family Jacanidae. They are found worldwide within the tropical zone. See Etymology below for pronunciation....

s are a group of tropical waders in the family Jacanidae. They are found worldwide in the Tropics. They are identifiable by their huge feet and claws which enable them to walk on floating vegetation in the shallow lakes that are their preferred habitat. There 8 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Nicaragua.

• Northern Jacana
  Northern Jacana
  The Northern Jacana or Northern Jaçana is a wader which is a resident breeder from coastal Mexico to western Panama, and on Cuba, Jamaica and Hispaniola. It sometimes breeds in Texas, USA, and has also been recorded on several occasions as a vagrant in Arizona...
  
   Jacana spinosa

Oystercatchers

Order: Charadriiformes

Charadriiformes

Charadriiformes is a diverse order of small to medium-large birds. It includes about 350 species and has members in all parts of the world. Most Charadriiformes live near water and eat invertebrates or other small animals; however, some are pelagic , some occupy deserts and a few are found in thick...

. Family: Haematopodidae

The oystercatcher

Oystercatcher

The oystercatchers are a group of waders; they form the family Haematopodidae, which has a single genus, Haematopus. They are found on coasts worldwide apart from the polar regions and some tropical regions of Africa and South East Asia...

s are large and noisy plover

Plover

Plovers are a widely distributed group of wading birds belonging to the subfamily Charadriinae. There are about 40 species in the subfamily, most of them called "plover" or "dotterel". The closely related lapwing subfamily, Vanellinae, comprises another 20-odd species.Plovers are found throughout...

-like birds, with strong bills used for smashing or prising open molluscs. There are 11 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Nicaragua.

• American Oystercatcher
  American Oystercatcher
  The American Oystercatcher , occasionally called the American Pied Oystercatcher, is a member of family Haematopodidae. The bird is marked by its black and white body and a long, thick orange beak...
  
   Haematopus palliatus

Avocets and stilts

Order: Charadriiformes

Charadriiformes

Charadriiformes is a diverse order of small to medium-large birds. It includes about 350 species and has members in all parts of the world. Most Charadriiformes live near water and eat invertebrates or other small animals; however, some are pelagic , some occupy deserts and a few are found in thick...

. Family: Recurvirostridae

Recurvirostridae

Recurvirostridae is a family of birds in the wader suborder Charadrii. It contains two distinct groups of birds, the avocets and the stilts .-Description and diet:...

Recurvirostridae is a family of large wading birds, which includes the avocet

Avocet

The four species of Avocets are a genus, Recurvirostra, of waders in the same avian family as the stilts.Avocets have long legs and long, thin, upcurved bills which they sweep from side to side when feeding in the brackish or saline wetlands they prefer...

s and the stilt

Stilt

Stilt is a common name for several species of birds in the family Recurvirostridae, which also includes those known as avocets. They are found in brackish or saline wetlands in warm or hot climates....

s. The avocets have long legs and long up-curved bills. The stilts have extremely long legs and long, thin, straight bills. There are 9 species worldwide and 2 species which occur in Nicaragua.

• Black-necked Stilt
  Black-necked Stilt
  The Black-necked Stilt is a locally abundant shorebird of American wetlands and coastlines. It is found from the coastal areas of California through much of the interior western United States and along the Gulf of Mexico as far east as Florida, then south through Central America and the Caribbean...
  
   Himantopus mexicanus
• American Avocet
  American Avocet
  The American Avocet is a large wader in the avocet and stilt family, Recurvirostridae.This avocet has long, thin, gray legs, giving it its colloquial name, "blue shanks". The plumage is black and white on the back with white on the underbelly. The neck and head are cinnamon colored in the summer...
  
   Recurvirostra americana

Thick-knees

Order: Charadriiformes

Charadriiformes

Charadriiformes is a diverse order of small to medium-large birds. It includes about 350 species and has members in all parts of the world. Most Charadriiformes live near water and eat invertebrates or other small animals; however, some are pelagic , some occupy deserts and a few are found in thick...

. Family: Burhinidae

The thick-knees are a group of largely tropical waders in the family Burhinidae. They are found worldwide within the tropical zone, with some species also breeding in temperate Europe and Australia. They are medium to large waders with strong black or yellow black bills, large yellow eyes and cryptic plumage. Despite being classed as waders, most species have a preference for arid or semi-arid habitats. There are 9 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Nicaragua.

• Double-striped Thick-knee
  Double-striped Thick-knee
  The Double-striped Thick-knee, Burhinus bistriatus, is a Stone-curlew, a group of waders in the family Burhinidae.It is a resident breeder in Central and South America from southern Mexico south to Colombia, Venezuela and northern Brazil...
  
   Burhinus bistriatus

Plovers and lapwings

Order: Charadriiformes

Charadriiformes

Charadriiformes is a diverse order of small to medium-large birds. It includes about 350 species and has members in all parts of the world. Most Charadriiformes live near water and eat invertebrates or other small animals; however, some are pelagic , some occupy deserts and a few are found in thick...

. Family: Charadriidae

Charadriidae

The bird family Charadriidae includes the plovers, dotterels, and lapwings, about 64 to 66 species in all.- Morphology :They are small to medium-sized birds with compact bodies, short, thick necks and long, usually pointed, wings, but most species of lapwing may have more rounded wings...

The family Charadriidae includes the plover

Plover

Plovers are a widely distributed group of wading birds belonging to the subfamily Charadriinae. There are about 40 species in the subfamily, most of them called "plover" or "dotterel". The closely related lapwing subfamily, Vanellinae, comprises another 20-odd species.Plovers are found throughout...

s, dotterels, and lapwing

Lapwing

Vanellinae are any of various crested plovers, family Charadriidae, noted for its slow, irregular wingbeat in flight and a shrill, wailing cry. Its length is 10-16 inches. They are a subfamily of medium-sized wading birds which also includes the plovers and dotterels. The Vanellinae are...

s. They are small to medium-sized birds with compact bodies, short, thick necks and long, usually pointed, wings. They are found in open country worldwide, mostly in habitats near water, although there are some exceptions. There are 66 species worldwide and 6 species which occur in Nicaragua.

• American Golden-Plover Pluvialis dominica
• Black-bellied Plover Pluvialis squatarola
• Semipalmated Plover
  Semipalmated Plover
  The Semipalmated Plover is a small plover.This species weighs and measures in length and across the wings. Adults have a grey-brown back and wings, a white belly, and a white breast with one black neckband...
  
   Charadrius semipalmatus
• Wilson's Plover
  Wilson's Plover
  The Wilson's Plover is a small plover.Wilson's Plover is a coastal wader which breeds on both coasts of the Americas from the equator northwards. Its range extends north to include much of the U.S. eastern seaboard, and the Pacific coast of Mexico on the west.It is a partial migrant. Birds leave...
  
   Charadrius wilsonia
• Killdeer
  Killdeer
  The Killdeer is a medium-sized plover.Adults have a brown back and wings, a white belly, and a white breast with two black bands. The rump is tawny orange. The face and cap are brown with a white forehead. They have an orange-red eyering...
  
   Charadrius vociferus
• Collared Plover
  Collared Plover
  The Collared Plover, Charadrius collaris, is a small shorebird in the plover family, Charadriidae. It lives along coasts and riverbanks of the tropical to temperate Americas, from central Mexico south to Chile and Argentina....
  
   Charadrius collaris

Sandpipers and allies

Order: Charadriiformes

Charadriiformes

Charadriiformes is a diverse order of small to medium-large birds. It includes about 350 species and has members in all parts of the world. Most Charadriiformes live near water and eat invertebrates or other small animals; however, some are pelagic , some occupy deserts and a few are found in thick...

. Family: Scolopacidae

Scolopacidae

The sandpipers are a large family, Scolopacidae, of waders or shorebirds. They include many species called sandpipers, as well as those called by names such as curlew and snipe. The majority of these species eat small invertebrates picked out of the mud or soil...

The Scolopacidae are a large diverse family of small to medium sized shorebirds including the sandpipers, curlew

Curlew

The curlews , genus Numenius, are a group of eight species of birds, characterised by long, slender, downcurved bills and mottled brown plumage. They are one of the most ancient lineages of scolopacid waders, together with the godwits which look similar but have straight bills...

s, godwit

Godwit

The godwits are a group of large, long-billed, long-legged and strongly migratory wading birds of the genus Limosa. They form large flocks on coasts and estuaries in winter....

s, shanks

Tringa

Tringa is a genus of waders, containing the shanks and tattlers. They are mainly freshwater birds, often with brightly coloured legs as reflected in the English names of six species, as well as the specific names of two of these and the Green Sandpiper. They are typically associated with northern...

, tattler

Tattler (bird)

The tattlers are the two very similar bird species in the shorebird genus Tringa. They formerly had their own genus, Heteroscelus. The old genus name means "different leg" in Greek, referring to the leg scales that differentiate the tattlers from their close relatives, the shanks.The species are:*...

s, woodcock

Woodcock

The woodcocks are a group of seven or eight very similar living species of wading birds in the genus Scolopax. Only two woodcocks are widespread, the others being localized island endemics. Most are found in the Northern Hemisphere but a few range into Wallacea...

s, snipe

Snipe

A snipe is any of about 25 wading bird species in three genera in the family Scolopacidae. They are characterized by a very long, slender bill and crypsis plumage. The Gallinago snipes have a nearly worldwide distribution, the Lymnocryptes Jack Snipe is restricted to Asia and Europe and the...

s, dowitcher

Dowitcher

The three dowitchers are medium-sized long-billed wading birds. They resemble godwits in body and bill shape, and the reddish underparts in summer, but are much shorter legged, more like snipe to which they are also somewhat closer related...

s and phalarope

Phalarope

A phalarope or wadepiper is any of three living species of slender-necked shorebirds in the genus Phalaropus of the bird family Scolopacidae. They are close relatives of the shanks and tattlers, the Actitis and Terek Sandpipers, and also of the turnstones and calidrids...

s. The majority of species eat small invertebrates picked out of the mud or soil. Variation in length of legs and bills enable different species to feed in the same habitat, particularly on the coast, without direct competition for food. There are 89 species worldwide and 26 species which occur in Nicaragua.

• Wilson's Snipe
  Wilson's Snipe
  Wilson's Snipe is a small, stocky shorebird. This species was formerly considered to be a subspecies of the Common Snipe, G. gallinago. Wilson's Snipe differs from the latter species in having a narrower white edge to the wings, and eight pairs of tail feathers instead of seven.Adults are...
  
   Gallinago delicata
• Short-billed Dowitcher
  Short-billed Dowitcher
  The Short-billed Dowitcher like its congener the Long-billed Dowitcher, is a medium-sized, stocky, long-billed shorebird in the family Scolopacidae. It is an inhabitant of North America, Middle America, and northern South America. It is strongly migratory; it completely vacates in breeding areas...
  
   Limnodromus griseus
• Long-billed Dowitcher
  Long-billed Dowitcher
  The Long-billed Dowitcher, Limnodromus scolopaceus, is a medium-sized shorebird.Adults have yellowish legs and a long straight dark bill. The body is dark brown on top and reddish underneath with spotted throat and breast, bars on flanks. The tail has a black and white barred pattern...
  
   Limnodromus scolopaceus
• Marbled Godwit
  Marbled Godwit
  The Marbled Godwit, Limosa fedoa, is a large shorebird. On average, it is the largest of the 4 species of godwit. The total length is , including a large bill of , and wingspan is . Body mass can vary from ....
  
   Limosa fedoa
• Whimbrel
  Whimbrel
  The Whimbrel Numenius phaeopus, is a wader in the large family Scolopacidae. It is one of the mostwidespread of the curlews, breeding across much of subarctic North America, Europe and Asia as far south as Scotland....
  
   Numenius phaeopus
• Upland Sandpiper
  Upland Sandpiper
  The Upland Sandpiper is a large shorebird, closely related to the curlews . Older names are the Upland Plover and Bartram's Sandpiper. It is the only member of the genus Bartramia. The genus name and the old common name Bartram's Sandpiper commemorate the American naturalist William Bartram...
  
   Bartramia longicauda
• Greater Yellowlegs
  Greater Yellowlegs
  The Greater Yellowlegs, Tringa melanoleuca, is a large North American shorebird, similar in appearance to the smaller Lesser Yellowlegs. Its closest relative, however, is the Greenshank, which together with the Spotted Redshank form a close-knit group...
  
   Tringa melanoleuca
• Lesser Yellowlegs
  Lesser Yellowlegs
  The Lesser Yellowlegs is a medium-sized shorebird similar in appearance to the larger Greater Yellowlegs. It is not closely related to this bird, however, but instead to the much larger and quite dissimilar Willet; merely the fine, clear and dense pattern of the neck shown in breeding plumage...
  
   Tringa flavipes
• Solitary Sandpiper
  Solitary Sandpiper
  The Solitary Sandpiper is a small wader .-Description:This species measures long, with a wingspan up to and a body mass of . It is a dumpy wader with a dark green back, greyish head and breast and otherwise white underparts. It is obvious in flight, with wings dark above and below, and a dark...
  
   Tringa solitaria
• Spotted Sandpiper
  Spotted Sandpiper
  The Spotted Sandpiper is a small shorebird, 18–20 cm long. Together with its sister species, the Common Sandpiper they make up the genus Actitis...
  
   Actitis macularia
• Wandering Tattler
  Wandering Tattler
  The Wandering Tattler, Tringa incana , is a medium-sized wading bird. It is similar in appearance to the closely related Gray-tailed Tattler, T. brevipes...
  
   Heterosceles incanus
• Willet
  Willet
  The Willet, Tringa semipalmata , is a large shorebird in the sandpiper family. It is a good-sized and stout scolopacid, the largest of the shanks...
  
   Catoptrophorus semipalmatus
• Ruddy Turnstone
  Ruddy Turnstone
  The Ruddy Turnstone is a small wading bird, one of two species of turnstone in the genus Arenaria. It is now classified in the sandpiper family Scolopacidae but was formerly sometimes placed in the plover family Charadriidae...
  
   Arenaria interpres
• Surfbird
  Surfbird
  The Surfbird is a small stocky wader in the family Scolopacidae. It is usually classified in a genus of its own, as Aphriza virgata, and was once considered to be allied to the turnstones, but more recent data suggests it is very close genetically to the Red and Great Knots and should be included...
  
   Aphriza virgata
• Red Knot
  Red Knot
  The Red Knot, Calidris canutus , is a medium sized shorebird which breeds in tundra and the Arctic Cordillera in the far north of Canada, Europe, and Russia. It is a large member of the Calidris sandpipers, second only to the Great Knot...
  
   Calidris canutus
• Sanderling
  Sanderling
  The Sanderling is a small wader. It is a circumpolar Arctic breeder, and is a long-distance migrant, wintering south to South America, South Europe, Africa, and Australia...
  
   Calidris alba
• Semipalmated Sandpiper
  Semipalmated Sandpiper
  The Semipalmated Sandpiper, Calidris pusilla, is a very small shorebird. It is sometimes separated with other "stints" in Erolia but although these apparently form a monophyletic group, the present species' old genus Ereunetes had been proposed before Erolia.Adults have black legs and a short stout...
  
   Calidris pusilla
• Western Sandpiper
  Western Sandpiper
  The Western Sandpiper, Calidris or Erolia mauri, is a small shorebird.Adults have dark legs and a short thin dark bill, thinner at the tip. The body is brown on top and white underneath. They are reddish-brown on the crown. This bird can be difficult to distinguish from other similar tiny...
  
   Calidris mauri
• Least Sandpiper
  Least Sandpiper
  The Least Sandpiper is the smallest shorebird.This species has greenish legs and a short thin dark bill. Breeding adults are brown with dark brown streaks on top and white underneath. They have a light line above the eye and a dark crown. In winter, Least Sandpipers are grey above...
  
   Calidris minutilla
• White-rumped Sandpiper
  White-rumped Sandpiper
  The White-rumped Sandpiper is a small shorebird.Adults have black legs and a small thin dark bill. The body is dark brown on top and mainly white underneath, with brown streaks on the breast and a white rump. They have a white stripe over their eyes. This bird shows long wings in flight. In winter...
  
   Calidris fuscicollis
• Baird's Sandpiper
  Baird's Sandpiper
  The Baird's Sandpiper is a small shorebird. It is among those calidrids sometimes separated in Erolia.Adults have black legs and a short thin dark bill. They are dark brown on top and mainly white underneath with a black patch on the rump. The head and breast are light brown with dark streaks. In...
  
   Calidris bairdii
• Pectoral Sandpiper
  Pectoral Sandpiper
  The Pectoral Sandpiper, Calidris melanotos, is a small wader. It is sometimes separated with the "stint" sandpipers in Erolia. This may or may not represent a good monophyletic group, depending on the placement of the phylogenetically enigmatic Curlew Sandpiper , the type species of Erolia...
  
   Calidris melanotos
• Dunlin
  Dunlin
  The Dunlin, Calidris alpina, is a small wader, sometimes separated with the other "stints" in Erolia. It is a circumpolar breeder in Arctic or subarctic regions. Birds that breed in northern Europe and Asia are long-distance migrants, wintering south to Africa, southeast Asia and the Middle East...
  
   Calidris alpina
• Stilt Sandpiper
  Stilt Sandpiper
  The Stilt Sandpiper, Calidris himantopus or Micropalama himantopus, is a small shorebird; it bears some resemblance to the smaller calidrid sandpipers or "stints". DNA sequence information is incapable of determining whether it should be placed in Calidris or in the monotypic genus Micropalama...
  
   Calidris himantopus
• Buff-breasted Sandpiper
  Buff-breasted Sandpiper
  The Buff-breasted Sandpiper, Tryngites subruficollis, is a small shorebird. It is a calidrid sandpipers and currently considered to be the only member of the genus Tryngites. Indeed, it probably belongs in the genus Calidris itself, or more precisely with the small species thereof which should be...
  
   Tryngites subruficollis
• Wilson's Phalarope
  Wilson's Phalarope
  The Wilson's Phalarope, Phalaropus tricolor, is a small wader. This bird, the largest of the phalaropes, breeds in the prairies of North America in western Canada and the western United States. It is migratory, wintering around the central Andes in South America. They are passage migrants through...
  
   Phalaropus tricolor

Skuas and jaegers

Order: Charadriiformes

Charadriiformes

Charadriiformes is a diverse order of small to medium-large birds. It includes about 350 species and has members in all parts of the world. Most Charadriiformes live near water and eat invertebrates or other small animals; however, some are pelagic , some occupy deserts and a few are found in thick...

. Family: Stercorariidae

The family Stercorariidae are, in general, medium to large birds, typically with grey or brown plumage, often with white markings on the wings. They nest on the ground in temperate and arctic regions and are long-distance migrants. There are 7 species worldwide and 3 species which occur in Nicaragua.

• Pomarine Jaeger Stercorarius pomarinus
• Parasitic Jaeger Stercorarius parasiticus
• Long-tailed Jaeger Stercorarius longicaudus

Gulls

Order: Charadriiformes

Charadriiformes

Charadriiformes is a diverse order of small to medium-large birds. It includes about 350 species and has members in all parts of the world. Most Charadriiformes live near water and eat invertebrates or other small animals; however, some are pelagic , some occupy deserts and a few are found in thick...

. Family: Laridae

Laridae is a family of medium to large birds seabirds and includes gull

Gull

Gulls are birds in the family Laridae. They are most closely related to the terns and only distantly related to auks, skimmers, and more distantly to the waders...

s and kittiwake

Kittiwake

The kittiwakes are two closely related seabird species in the gull family Laridae, the Black-legged Kittiwake and the Red-legged Kittiwake . The epithets "Black-legged" and "Red-legged" are used to distinguish the two species in North America, but in Europe, where R...

s. They are typically grey or white, often with black markings on the head or wings. They have stout, longish bills and webbed feet. There are 55 species worldwide and 4 species which occur in Nicaragua.

• American Herring Gull
  American Herring Gull
  The American Herring Gull or Smithsonian Gull is a large gull which breeds in North America. It is often treated as a subspecies of the European Herring Gull but is now regarded as a separate species by some authorities.Adults are white with gray back and wings, black wingtips with white spots,...
  
   Larus smithsonianus
• Laughing Gull
  Laughing Gull
  The Laughing Gull, Leucophaeus atricilla, is a medium-sized gull of North and South America. It breeds on the Atlantic coast of North America, the Caribbean, and northern South America. Northernmost populations migrate further south in winter, and this species occurs as a rare vagrant to western...
  
   Larus atricilla
• Franklin's Gull
  Franklin's Gull
  The Franklin's Gull is a small gull.-Description:It breeds in central provinces of Canada and adjacent states of the northern United States...
  
   Larus pipixcan
• Sabine's Gull
  Sabine's Gull
  The Sabine's Gull is a small gull. Its generic placement is disputed; some authors treat it as the sole species in the genus Xema as Xema sabini, while others retain it in the genus Larus as Larus sabini. It breeds in the arctic and has a circumpolar distribution through northernmost North America...
  
   Xema sabini

Terns

Order: Charadriiformes

Charadriiformes

Charadriiformes is a diverse order of small to medium-large birds. It includes about 350 species and has members in all parts of the world. Most Charadriiformes live near water and eat invertebrates or other small animals; however, some are pelagic , some occupy deserts and a few are found in thick...

. Family: Sternidae

Tern

Tern

Terns are seabirds in the family Sternidae, previously considered a subfamily of the gull family Laridae . They form a lineage with the gulls and skimmers which in turn is related to skuas and auks...

s are a group of generally general medium to large seabirds typically with grey or white plumage, often with black markings on the head. Most terns hunt fish by diving but some pick insects off the surface of fresh water. Terns are generally long-lived birds, with several species now known to live in excess of 25 to 30 years. There are 44 species worldwide and 11 species which occur in Nicaragua.

• Gull-billed Tern
  Gull-billed Tern
  The Gull-billed Tern formerly Sterna nilotica , is a seabird of the tern family Sternidae...
  
   Sterna nilotica
• Caspian Tern
  Caspian Tern
  The Caspian Tern is a species of tern, with a subcosmopolitan but scattered distribution. Despite its extensive range, it is monotypic of its genus, and has no subspecies accepted either...
  
   Sterna caspia
• Elegant Tern
  Elegant Tern
  The Elegant Tern is a seabird of the tern family Sternidae. It breeds on the Pacific coasts of the southern USA and Mexico and winters south to Peru, Ecuador and Chile....
  
   Sterna elegans
• Sandwich Tern Sterna sandvicensis
• Royal Tern
  Royal Tern
  The Royal Tern is a seabird in the tern family Sternidae. This bird has two distinctive subspecies. T. m. maximus breeds on the Atlantic and Pacific coasts of the southern USA and Mexico into the Caribbean. The slightly smaller T. m. albididorsalis breeds in coastal west Africa...
  
   Sterna maxima
• Common Tern
  Common Tern
  The Common Tern is a seabird of the tern family Sternidae. This bird has a circumpolar distribution, breeding in temperate and sub-Arctic regions of Europe, Asia and east and central North America. It is strongly migratory, wintering in coastal tropical and subtropical regions. It is sometimes...
  
   Sterna hirundo
• Least Tern Sterna antillarum
• Bridled Tern
  Bridled Tern
  The Bridled Tern is a seabird of the tern family Sternidae. It is a bird of the tropical oceans.-Description:...
  
   Sterna anaethetus
• Sooty Tern
  Sooty Tern
  The Sooty Tern, Onychoprion fuscatus , is a seabird of the tern family . It is a bird of the tropical oceans, breeding on islands throughout the equatorial zone. Colloquially, it is known as the Wideawake Tern or just wideawake...
  
   Sterna fuscata
• Black Tern
  Black Tern
  The Black Tern, Chlidonias niger, is a small tern generally found in or near inland water in Europe and North America. As its name suggests, it has predominantly dark plumage.- Description :...
  
   Chlidonias niger
• Brown Noddy
  Brown Noddy
  The Brown Noddy or Common Noddy is a seabird from the tern family. The largest of the noddies, it can be told from the closely related Black Noddy by its larger size and plumage, which is dark brown rather than black...
  
   Anous stolidus (A)

Skimmers

Order: Charadriiformes

Charadriiformes

Charadriiformes is a diverse order of small to medium-large birds. It includes about 350 species and has members in all parts of the world. Most Charadriiformes live near water and eat invertebrates or other small animals; however, some are pelagic , some occupy deserts and a few are found in thick...

. Family: Rynchopidae

Skimmer

Skimmer

The Skimmers, Rynchopidae, are a small family of tern-like birds in the order Charadriiformes, which also includes the waders, gulls and auks. The family comprises three species found in South Asia, Africa, and the Americas....

s are a small family of tropical tern-like birds. They have an elongated lower mandible which they use to feed by flying low over the water surface and skimming the water for small fish. There are 3 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Nicaragua.

• Black Skimmer
  Black Skimmer
  The Black Skimmer, Rynchops niger, is a tern-like seabird, one of three very similar birds species in the skimmer family. It breeds in North and South America...
  
   Rynchops niger

Pigeons and doves

Order: Columbiformes

Columbiformes

Columbiformes are an avian order that includes the very widespread and successful doves and pigeons, classified in the family Columbidae, and the extinct Dodo and the Rodrigues Solitaire, long classified as a second family Raphidae. 313 species, found worldwide, comprise the Columbiformes order....

. Family: Columbidae

Pigeons and dove

Dove

Pigeons and doves constitute the bird family Columbidae within the order Columbiformes, which include some 300 species of near passerines. In general terms "dove" and "pigeon" are used somewhat interchangeably...

s are stout-bodied birds with short necks and short slender bills with a fleshy cere

Cère

The Cère is a long river in south-western France, left tributary of the Dordogne River. Its source is in the south-western Massif Central, near the mountain Plomb du Cantal...

. There are 308 species worldwide and 21 species which occur in Nicaragua.

• Rock Pigeon
  Rock Pigeon
  The Rock Dove or Rock Pigeon, is a member of the bird family Columbidae . In common usage, this bird is often simply referred to as the "pigeon"....
  
   Columba livia (I)
• White-crowned Pigeon
  White-crowned Pigeon
  The White-crowned Pigeon is a species of bird in the family Columbidae . It inhabits the northern and central Caribbean islands and some places on the North and Central American mainland...
  
   Patagioenas leucocephala
• Scaled Pigeon
  Scaled Pigeon
  The Scaled Pigeon, Patagioenas speciosa , is a large New World tropical dove. It is a resident breeder from southern Mexico south to western Ecuador, southern Brazil, northern Argentina, and Trinidad....
  
   Patagioenas speciosa
• Band-tailed Pigeon
  Band-tailed Pigeon
  The Band-tailed Pigeon, Patagioenas fasciata, is a medium-sized bird of the Americas. Its closest relatives are the Chilean Pigeon and the Ring-tailed Pigeon, which form a clade of Patagioenas with a terminal tail band and iridescent plumage on their necks.It ranges from British Columbia, Utah, and...
  
   Patagioenas fasciata
• Pale-vented Pigeon
  Pale-vented Pigeon
  The Pale-vented Pigeon, Patagioenas cayennensis, is a large pigeon found in the tropical American. Formerly often placed in Columba, it actually belongs to a clade of the older New World genus Patagioenas. With its relatives it represents an evolutionary radiation extending through most of the...
  
   Patagioenas cayennensis
• Red-billed Pigeon
  Red-billed Pigeon
  The Red-billed Pigeon, Patagioenas flavirostris , is a relatively large pigeon which breeds from southern Texas, United States, and northwestern Mexico south to Costa Rica...
  
   Patagioenas flavirostris
• Short-billed Pigeon
  Short-billed Pigeon
  The Short-billed Pigeon, Patagioenas nigrirostris , is a largish pigeon which breeds from southern Mexico south to northwestern Colombia...
  
   Patagioenas nigrirostris
• Mourning Dove
  Mourning Dove
  The Mourning Dove is a member of the dove family . The bird is also called the Turtle Dove or the American Mourning Dove or Rain Dove, and formerly was known as the Carolina Pigeon or Carolina Turtledove. It is one of the most abundant and widespread of all North American birds...
  
   Zenaida macroura
• White-winged Dove
  White-winged Dove
  The White-winged Dove is a dove whose native range extends from the south-western USA through Mexico, Central America, and the Caribbean. In recent years with increasing urbanization and backyard feeding, it has expanded throughout Texas and into Louisiana...
  
   Zenaida asiatica
• Common Ground-Dove Columbina passerina
• Plain-breasted Ground-Dove
  Plain-breasted Ground-dove
  The Plain-breasted Ground Dove is a species of bird in the Columbidae family. They lack the scaled appearance to the feathers of the similar and typically more abundant Common Ground Dove...
  
   Columbina minuta
• Ruddy Ground-Dove Columbina talpacoti
• Inca Dove
  Inca Dove
  The Inca Dove is a small New World dove; it might belong to the genus. It ranges from the southwestern United States and Mexico through Central America to Costa Rica; the Inca Dove only lives on the Pacific side of Central America. Despite being named after the Inca Empire, this species does not...
  
   Columbina inca
• Blue Ground-Dove Claravis pretiosa
• Maroon-chested Ground-Dove
  Maroon-chested Ground-dove
  The Maroon-chested Ground Dove is a species of bird in the Columbidae family. It is found in Bolivia, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Panama, Peru, and Venezuela....
  
   Claravis mondetoura
• White-tipped Dove
  White-tipped Dove
  The White-tipped Dove is a large New World tropical dove. It is a resident breeder from the southernmost Texas in the USA through Mexico and Central America south to western Peru and central Argentina. It also breeds on the offshore islands of northern South America, including Trinidad and Tobago...
  
   Leptotila verreauxi
• Gray-headed Dove Leptotila plumbeiceps
• Gray-chested Dove Leptotila cassini
• White-faced Quail-Dove
  White-faced Quail-dove
  The White-faced Quail-Dove is a species of bird in the Columbidae family.It is found in El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, and Nicaragua.Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montanes.-References:...
  
   Geotrygon albifacies
• Violaceous Quail-Dove
  Violaceous Quail-dove
  The Violaceous Quail-Dove is a species of bird in the Columbidae family.It is found in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela....
  
   Geotrygon violacea
• Ruddy Quail-Dove
  Ruddy Quail-Dove
  The Ruddy Quail-Dove is a member of the bird family Columbidae, which includes doves and pigeons.It breeds throughout the West Indies, Central America, and tropical South America. It has appeared as a vagrant in Florida and southern Texas. It lays two buff colored eggs on a flimsy platform...
  
   Geotrygon montana

Parrots, macaws and allies

Order: Psittaciformes. Family: Psittacidae

Parrot

Parrot

Parrots, also known as psittacines , are birds of the roughly 372 species in 86 genera that make up the order Psittaciformes, found in most tropical and subtropical regions. The order is subdivided into three families: the Psittacidae , the Cacatuidae and the Strigopidae...

s are small to large birds with a characteristic curved beak shape. Their upper mandibles have slight mobility in the joint with the skull and the have a generally erect stance. All parrots are zygodactyl, having the four toes on each foot placed two at the front and two back. There are 335 species worldwide and 16 species which occur in Nicaragua.

• Military Macaw
  Military Macaw
  The Military Macaw is a large parrot and a medium-sized member of the macaw genus. Though considered vulnerable as a wild species, it is still commonly found in the pet trade industry. A predominantly green bird, it is found in the forests of Mexico and South America.-Taxonomy:There are three...
  
   Ara militaris
• Great Green Macaw
  Great Green Macaw
  The Great Green Macaw, Ara ambiguus, also known as Buffon's Macaw or the Great Military Macaw, is a Central and South American parrot found in Nicaragua, Honduras, Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia and Ecuador. Two allopatric subspecies are recognized, the nominate subspecies is found in Central America...
  
   Ara ambigua
• Scarlet Macaw
  Scarlet Macaw
  The Scarlet Macaw is a large, colorful macaw. It is native to humid evergreen forests in the American tropics. Range extends from extreme south-eastern Mexico to Amazonian Peru, Bolivia and Brazil in lowlands up to up to...
  
   Ara
• Pacific Parakeet
  Pacific Parakeet
  The Pacific Parakeet or Nicaraguan Green Conure is a subspecies of the Green Parakeet. It was long considered a distinct species....
  
   Aratinga strenua
• Red-throated Parakeet
  Red-throated Parakeet
  The Red-throated Parakeet , also called Red-throated Conure, is a species of parrot in the Psittacidae family. It is found in El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests and subtropical or tropical moist montanes...
  
   Aratinga rubritorquis
• Crimson-fronted Parakeet
  Crimson-fronted Parakeet
  The Finsch's Parakeet also called Finsch's Conure or Crimson-fronted Parakeet is a species of parrot in the Psittacidae family. It is found in Guatemala, El Salvador, Nicaragua, and some parts of Costa Rica and Panama....
  
   Aratinga finschi
• Olive-throated Parakeet
  Olive-throated Parakeet
  The Olive-throated Parakeet , also known as the Olive-throated Conure in aviculture, is a species of parrot in the Psittacidae family...
  
   Aratinga nana
• Orange-fronted Parakeet
  Orange-fronted Parakeet
  The Orange-fronted Parakeet or Orange-fronted Conure , also known as the Half-moon Conure, is a medium-sized parrot which is a resident from western Mexico to Costa Rica.-Taxonomy:There are three subspecies:...
  
   Aratinga canicularis
• Barred Parakeet
  Barred Parakeet
  The Barred Parakeet , also known as Lineolated Parakeet, Catherine Parakeet or 'Linnies' for short, is a small parrot found disjunctly in highland forests from southern Mexico to Panama, in the Andes from western Venezuela to southern Peru, the Santa Marta Mountains in Colombia and the Venezuelan...
  
   Bolborhynchus lineola
• Orange-chinned Parakeet
  Orange-chinned Parakeet
  The Orange-chinned Parakeet , also known as the Tovi Parakeet, is a small mainly green parrot of the Brotogeris genus. It is found in Colombia, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, and Venezuela...
  
   Brotogeris jugularis
• Brown-hooded Parrot
  Brown-hooded Parrot
  The Brown-hooded Parrot is a small parrot which is a resident breeding species from southeastern Mexico to north-western Colombia. Until recently, it was placed in the genus Pionopsitta, which now is restricted to the type species, the Pileated Parrot. It is sometimes considered conspecific with...
  
   Pionopsitta haematotis
• White-crowned Parrot
  White-crowned Parrot
  The White-crowned Parrot , also known as the White-crowned Pionus in aviculture, is a small parrot which is a resident breeding species from eastern Mexico to western Panama....
  
   Pionus senilis
• White-fronted Amazon Amazona albifrons
• Red-lored Amazon Amazona autumnalis
• Yellow-naped Amazon Amazona auropalliata
• Mealy Amazon Amazona farinosa

Cuckoos and anis

Order: Cuculiformes

Cuculiformes

The near passerine bird order Cuculiformes traditionally included three families as below:* Musophagidae - turacos and allies* Cuculidae - cuckoos, coucals, roadrunners and anis* Opisthocomidae - Hoatzin...

. Family: Cuculidae

The family Cuculidae includes cuckoo

Cuckoo

The cuckoos are a family, Cuculidae, of near passerine birds. The order Cuculiformes, in addition to the cuckoos, also includes the turacos . Some zoologists and taxonomists have also included the unique Hoatzin in the Cuculiformes, but its taxonomy remains in dispute...

s, roadrunner

Geococcyx

The roadrunners are two species of bird in the genus Geococcyx of the cuckoo family, Cuculidae, native to North and Central America...

s and anis

Ani (bird)

The anis are the three species of near-passerine birds in the genus Crotophaga of the cuckoo family. They are essentially tropical New world birds, although the range of two species just reaches the United States...

. These birds are of variable size with slender bodies, long tails and strong legs. Unlike the cuckoo species of the Old World, North American cuckoos are not brood parasites. There are 138 species worldwide and 11 species which occur in Nicaragua.

• Black-billed Cuckoo
  Black-billed Cuckoo
  The Black-billed Cuckoo, Coccyzus erythropthalmus, is a cuckoo.Adults have a long brown tail and a black bill. The head and upper parts are brown and the underparts are white. There is a red ring around the eye. Juveniles are drabber, and the eye ring is greenish.Their breeding habitat is edges of...
  
   Coccyzus erythropthalmus
• Yellow-billed Cuckoo
  Yellow-billed Cuckoo
  The Yellow-billed Cuckoo, Coccyzus americanus, is a cuckoo. Common folk-names for this bird in the southern United States are Rain Crow and Storm Crow...
  
   Coccyzus americanus
• Mangrove Cuckoo
  Mangrove Cuckoo
  The Mangrove Cuckoo, Coccyzus minor, is a species of cuckoo that is native to the Neotropics.Adults have a long tail, brown above and black-and-white below, and a black curved bill with yellow on the lower mandible. The head and upper parts are brown. There is a yellow ring around the eye...
  
   Coccyzus minor
• Squirrel Cuckoo
  Squirrel Cuckoo
  The Squirrel Cuckoo, Piaya cayana, is a large and active species of cuckoo found in wooded habitats from northwestern Mexico to northern Argentina and Uruguay, and on Trinidad.-Description:...
  
   Piaya cayana
• Smooth-billed Ani
  Smooth-billed Ani
  The Smooth-billed Ani is a large near passerine bird in the cuckoo family. It is a resident breeding species from southern Florida, the Bahamas, the Caribbean, parts of Central America, south to western Ecuador, Brazil, and northern Argentina.This ani is found in open and semi-open country and...
  
   Crotophaga ani
• Groove-billed Ani
  Groove-billed Ani
  The Groove-billed Ani, Crotophaga sulcirostris, is an odd-looking tropical bird in the cuckoo family with a long tail and a large, curved beak. It is a resident species throughout most of its range, from southern Texas and central Mexico through Central America, to northern Colombia and Venezuela,...
  
   Crotophaga sulcirostris
• Striped Cuckoo
  Striped Cuckoo
  The Striped Cuckoo is a near-passerine bird, the only member of the genus Tapera. This resident cuckoo is found from Mexico and Trinidad south to Bolivia and Argentina....
  
   Tapera naevia
• Pheasant Cuckoo
  Pheasant Cuckoo
  The Pheasant Cuckoo is a species of cuckoo in the Cuculidae family.It is found in Argentina, Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, French Guiana, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela.Its natural habitats are...
  
   Dromococcyx phasianellus
• Lesser Ground-Cuckoo
  Lesser Ground-cuckoo
  The Lesser Ground Cuckoo is a species of cuckoo in the monotypic genus Morococcyx in the family Cuculidae. It is found in Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, and Nicaragua. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests, subtropical or tropical dry shrubland, and...
  
   Morococcyx erythropygus
• Lesser Roadrunner
  Lesser Roadrunner
  The Lesser Roadrunner, Geococcyx velox, is a large, long-legged member of the Cuckoo family, Cuculidae.The Lesser roadrunner resembles the Greater Roadrunner in appearance and habit but is smaller and has a significantly shorter bill...
  
   Geococcyx velox
• Rufous-vented Ground-Cuckoo
  Rufous-vented Ground-cuckoo
  The Rufous-vented Ground Cuckoo is a large terrestrial species of cuckoo in the Cuculidae family. It is found in humid primary forests from southern Nicaragua, through Costa Rica and Panama, into north-western Colombia...
  
   Neomorphus geoffroyi

Barn owls

Order: Strigiformes. Family: Tytonidae

Tytonidae

Barn-owls are one of the two families of owls, the other being the true owls, Strigidae. They are medium to large sized owls with large heads and characteristic heart-shaped faces. They have long, strong legs with powerful talons...

Barn owl

Barn Owl

The Barn Owl is the most widely distributed species of owl, and one of the most widespread of all birds. It is also referred to as Common Barn Owl, to distinguish it from other species in the barn-owl family Tytonidae. These form one of two main lineages of living owls, the other being the typical...

s are medium to large sized owls with large heads and characteristic heart-shaped faces. They have long strong legs with powerful talons. There are 16 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Nicaragua.

• Barn Owl
  Barn Owl
  The Barn Owl is the most widely distributed species of owl, and one of the most widespread of all birds. It is also referred to as Common Barn Owl, to distinguish it from other species in the barn-owl family Tytonidae. These form one of two main lineages of living owls, the other being the typical...
  
   Tyto alba

Typical owls

Order: Strigiformes. Family: Strigidae

Typical owl

Typical owl

True owl or Typical owl are one of the two generally accepted families of Owls, the other being the barn owls . The Sibley-Ahlquist taxonomy unites the Caprimulgiformes with the owl order; here, the typical owls are a subfamily Strigidae...

s are small to large solitary nocturnal birds of prey. They have large forward-facing eyes and ears, a hawk-like beak, and a conspicuous circle of feathers around each eye called a facial disk. There are 195 species worldwide and 13 species which occur in Nicaragua.

• Western Screech-Owl Megascops kennicottii
• Pacific Screech-Owl
  Pacific Screech-owl
  The Pacific Screech Owl is a species of owl in the Strigidae family. It is found in Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, and Nicaragua...
  
   Megascops cooperi
• Whiskered Screech-Owl Megascops trichopsis
• Guatemalan Screech-Owl
  Guatemalan Screech-owl
  The Middle American Screech Owl , also known as the Guatemalan Screech Owl, is a species of owl in the Strigidae family. It is found in forests and dense second growth from Mexico to Costa Rica. Some authorities include Chocó Screech Owl and Roraiman Screech Owl in M. guatemalae, but under the...
  
   Megascops guatemalae
• Great Horned Owl
  Great Horned Owl
  The Great Horned Owl, , also known as the Tiger Owl, is a large owl native to the Americas. It is an adaptable bird with a vast range and is the most widely distributed true owl in the Americas.-Description:...
  
   Bubo virginianus
• Mottled Owl
  Mottled Owl
  The Mottled Owl is a medium-sized owl found from Mexico to Brazil and Argentina. The body has vertical bars on the chest and throat and white markings in the back. The eyes are dark and the head is round and they do not have ear tufts.It is thirteen to fifteen inches in length...
  
   Ciccaba virgata
• Black-and-white Owl
  Black-and-white Owl
  The Black-and-white Owl is a species of owl in the Strigidae family.Compare with ITIS: It is found in Belize, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, and Venezuela....
  
   Ciccaba nigrolineata
• Crested Owl
  Crested Owl
  The Crested Owl is a species of owl in the family Strigidae. It is the only species , in the genus Lophostrix....
  
   Lophostrix cristata
• Spectacled Owl
  Spectacled Owl
  The Spectacled Owl, Pulsatrix perspicillata, is a large tropical owl. It is a resident breeder from southern Mexico and Trinidad, through Central America, south to southern Brazil, Paraguay and northwestern Argentina...
  
   Pulsatrix perspicillata
• Central American Pygmy-Owl
  Central American Pygmy-owl
  The Central American Pygmy Owl is a species of owl in the Strigidae family.It is found in Belize, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, and Panama....
  
   Glaucidium griseiceps
• Ferruginous Pygmy-Owl Glaucidium brasilianum
• Striped Owl
  Striped Owl
  The Striped Owl is a medium-sized owl with large ear tufts and a brownish-white facial disk rimmed with black. Its beak is black, and it has cinnamon-colored eyes. It has shorter, rounder wings than most of its close relatives. The upperparts are cinnamon with fine black vermiculation and heavy...
  
   Pseudoscops clamator
• Stygian Owl
  Stygian Owl
  The Stygian Owl, Asio stygius is a medium-sized dusky colored owl. It has yellow eyes, a black beak, a dark blackish facial disk, and white eyebrows. Its underparts are a dingy buff color with dark brown barring and streaks...
  
   Asio stygius

Potoos

Order: Caprimulgiformes

Caprimulgiformes

The Caprimulgiformes is an order of birds that includes a number of birds with global distribution . They are generally insectivorous and nocturnal...

. Family: Nyctibiidae

The potoos (sometimes called Poor-Me-Ones) are large near passerine

Near passerine

Near passerine or higher land-bird assemblage are terms often given to arboreal birds or those most often believed to be related to the true passerines due to ecological similarities; the group corresponds to some extent with the Anomalogonatae of Garrod All near passerines are land birds...

 birds related to the nightjars and frogmouths. They are nocturnal insectivores which lack the bristles around the mouth found in the true nightjars. There are 5 species, all of which are from the South American tropical region, and 3 species which occur in Nicaragua.

• Great Potoo
  Great Potoo
  The Great Potoo is a bird, both the largest potoo species and the largest member of the order Caprimulgiformes . It occurs in tropical America.-Description:...
  
   Nyctibius grandis
• Northern Potoo
  Northern Potoo
  The Northern Potoo is a nocturnal bird belonging to the potoo family, Nyctibiidae. It is found from Mexico south to Costa Rica and on the islands of Jamaica and Hispaniola...
  
   Nyctibius jamaicensis
• Common Potoo Nyctibius griseus

Nightjars

Order: Caprimulgiformes

Caprimulgiformes

The Caprimulgiformes is an order of birds that includes a number of birds with global distribution . They are generally insectivorous and nocturnal...

. Family: Caprimulgidae

Nightjar

Nightjar

Nightjars are medium-sized nocturnal or crepuscular birds with long wings, short legs and very short bills. They are sometimes referred to as goatsuckers from the mistaken belief that they suck milk from goats . Some New World species are named as nighthawks...

s are medium-sized nocturnal birds with long wings, short legs and very short bills that usually nest on the ground. Most have small feet, of little use for walking, and long pointed wings. Their soft plumage is camouflaged to resemble bark or leaves. There are 86 species worldwide and 11 species which occur in Nicaragua.

• Short-tailed Nighthawk
  Short-tailed Nighthawk
  The Short-tailed Nighthawk is a species of nightjar in the Caprimulgidae family.-Distribution and habitat:...
  
   Lurocalis semitorquatus
• Lesser Nighthawk
  Lesser Nighthawk
  The Lesser Nighthawk, Chordeiles acutipennis, is a nightjar found throughout a large part of the Americas.The adults are dark with brown, grey and white patterning on the upperparts and breast; the long upperwings are black and show a white bar in flight. The tail is dark with white barring; the...
  
   Chordeiles acutipennis
• Common Nighthawk
  Common Nighthawk
  The Common Nighthawk is a medium-sized crepuscular or nocturnal bird, whose presence and identity are best revealed by its vocalization. Typically dark , displaying cryptic colouration and intricate patterns, this bird becomes invisible by day. Once aerial, with its buoyant but erratic flight,...
  
   Chordeiles minor
• Pauraque
  Pauraque
  The Pauraque – also called the Common Pauraque to distinguish it from similar species – is a nightjar species, the only bird in the genus Nyctidromus...
  
   Nyctidromus albicollis
• Ocellated Poorwill
  Ocellated Poorwill
  The Ocellated Poorwill is a species of nightjar in the Caprimulgidae family.It is found in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Paraguay, and Peru....
  
   Nyctiphrynus ocellatus
• Chuck-will's-widow
  Chuck-will's-widow
  The Chuck-will's-widow, Caprimulgus carolinensis is a nocturnal bird of the nightjar family Caprimulgidae. It is found in the southeastern United States near swamps, rocky uplands, and pine woods...
  
   Caprimulgus carolinensis
• Tawny-collared Nightjar
  Tawny-collared Nightjar
  The Tawny-collared Nightjar is a species of nightjar in the Caprimulgidae family.It is found in Mexico and Nicaragua.Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical dry forests.-References:...
  
   Caprimulgus salvini (A)
• Yucatan Nightjar
  Yucatan Nightjar
  The Yucatan Nightjar is a species of nightjar in the Caprimulgidae family.It is found in Belize, Guatemala, Mexico, Nicaragua, and possibly Honduras.Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical dry forests.-References:...
  
   Caprimulgus badius (A)
• Buff-collared Nightjar
  Buff-collared Nightjar
  The Buff-collared Nightjar is a small sized nightjar. Adults are dark with brown, grey, black, and white patterning on the upperparts and breast. The tail is dark brown, with darker finely barred markings throughout. The male has large white outer tail tips on the 3 outermost tail feathers. ...
  
   Caprimulgus ridgwayi
• Whip-poor-will
  Whip-poor-will
  The Eastern Whip-poor-will, Caprimulgus vociferus, is a medium-sized nightjar from North and Central America. The whip-poor-will is commonly heard within its range, but less often seen because of its superior camouflage...
  
   Caprimulgus vociferus
• Spot-tailed Nightjar
  Spot-tailed Nightjar
  The Spot-tailed Nightjar is a species of nightjar in the Caprimulgidae family.It is found in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, French Guiana, Guyana, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Venezuela, and possibly Ecuador.Its natural habitats are dry savanna and subtropical or tropical...
  
   Caprimulgus maculicaudus

Swifts

Order: Apodiformes

Apodiformes

Traditionally, the bird order Apodiformes contained three living families: the swifts , the tree swifts , and the hummingbirds . In the Sibley-Ahlquist taxonomy, this order is raised to a superorder Apodimorphae in which hummingbirds are separated as a new order, Trochiliformes...

. Family: Apodidae

Swift

Swift

The swifts are a family, Apodidae, of highly aerial birds. They are superficially similar to swallows, but are actually not closely related to passerine species at all; swifts are in the separate order Apodiformes, which they share with hummingbirds...

s are small aerial birds, spending the majority of their lives flying. These birds have very short legs and never settle voluntarily on the ground, perching instead only on vertical surfaces. Many swifts have long swept-back wings that resemble a crescent or a boomerang. There are 98 species worldwide and 8 species which occur in Nicaragua.

• Black Swift
  Black Swift
  The American Black Swift or more simply Black Swift is found from northern British Columbia in Canada through the United States and Mexico to Costa Rica. It is also found on islands in the West Indies....
  
   Cypseloides niger
• White-chinned Swift
  White-chinned Swift
  The White-chinned Swift is a species of swift in the Apodidae family.It is found in Belize, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Guyana, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, and Venezuela....
  
   Cypseloides cryptus
• White-collared Swift
  White-collared Swift
  The White-collared Swift, Streptoprocne zonaris, is a resident breeding bird from central Mexico, the Greater Antilles and Trinidad south to Peru, northern Argentina and southeastern Brazil....
  
   Streptoprocne zonaris
• Gray-rumped Swift
  Gray-rumped Swift
  The Grey-rumped Swift, Chaetura cinereiventris, is a small swift.This species breeds in hill forests from Nicaragua south to Peru, Brazil and northern Argentina, and Grenada, Trinidad and Tobago. The nest is a half saucer of twigs glued to the inside of a tree hole, chimney or similar shaded...
  
   Chaetura cinereiventris
• Chimney Swift
  Chimney Swift
  The Chimney Swift is a small bird .-Physical description:In flight, this bird looks like a flying cigar with long slender curved wings. The plumage is a sooty grey-brown; the throat, breast, underwings and rump are paler. They have short tails.-Reproduction:The breeding season of Chimney Swifts is...
  
   Chaetura pelagica
• Vaux's Swift
  Vaux's Swift
  Vaux's Swift is a small swift native to North America and northern South America. It was named for the American scientist William Sansom Vaux.-Description:...
  
   Chaetura vauxi
• Great Swallow-tailed Swift
  Great Swallow-tailed Swift
  The Great Swallow-tailed Swift is a species of swift in the Apodidae family.It is found in Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, and Nicaragua....
  
   Panyptila sanctihieronymi (A)
• Lesser Swallow-tailed Swift
  Lesser Swallow-tailed Swift
  The Lesser Swallow-tailed Swift or Cayenne Swift, Panyptila cayennensis, is a resident breeding bird from southern Mexico and Tobago south to Ecuador, eastern Peru and Brazil....
  
   Panyptila cayennensis

Hummingbirds

Order: Trochiliformes. Family: Trochilidae

Hummingbird

Hummingbird

Hummingbirds are birds that comprise the family Trochilidae. They are among the smallest of birds, most species measuring in the 7.5–13 cm range. Indeed, the smallest extant bird species is a hummingbird, the 5-cm Bee Hummingbird. They can hover in mid-air by rapidly flapping their wings...

s are small birds capable of hovering in mid-air due to the rapid flapping of their wings. They are the only birds that can fly backwards. There are 337 species worldwide and 35 species which occur in Nicaragua.

• Bronzy Hermit
  Bronzy Hermit
  The Bronzy Hermit is a species of hummingbird in the Trochilidae family. It is found in forests and thickets from eastern Honduras south to western Panama, and in the Chocó of western Colombia and north-western Ecuador. It closely resembles the larger Rufous-breasted Hermit.-References:*A Guide to...
  
   Glaucis aenea
• Band-tailed Barbthroat
  Band-tailed Barbthroat
  The Band-tailed Barbthroat is a medium-sized hummingbird which is a resident breeder from southeastern Guatemala and Belize to western Ecuador and western Venezuela....
  
   Threnetes ruckeri
• Western Long-tailed Hermit Phaethornis longirostris
• Stripe-throated Hermit
  Stripe-throated Hermit
  The Stripe-throated Hermit is a species of hummingbird from Central America and north-western South America. It is generally fairly common and considered Least Concern by BirdLife International....
  
   Phaethornis striigularis
• Scaly-breasted Hummingbird
  Scaly-breasted Hummingbird
  The Scaly-breasted Hummingbird is a species of hummingbird in the Trochilidae family. It is monotypic for its genus.-Distribution and habitat:...
  
   Phaeochroa cuvierii
• Violet Sabrewing
  Violet Sabrewing
  The Violet Sabrewing, Campylopterus hemileucurus,is a very large hummingbird native to southern Mexico and Central America as far south as Costa Rica and western Panama....
  
   Campylopterus hemileucurus
• White-necked Jacobin
  White-necked Jacobin
  The White-necked Jacobin is a large and attractive hummingbird that ranges from Mexico south to Peru, Bolivia and south Brazil...
  
   Florisuga mellivora
• Brown Violet-ear
  Brown Violet-ear
  The Brown Violetear is a large hummingbird that breeds at middle elevations in the mountains in Central America, and western and northern South America with isolated populations on Trinidad and in the Brazilian state Bahia.The breeding habitat is forest at altitudes between 400-1600 m, but the...
  
   Colibri delphinae
• Green Violet-ear
  Green Violet-ear
  - Introduction :The Green Violetear is a medium-sized, metallic green hummingbird species commonly found in forested areas from Mexico to northern South America.- Taxonomy :...
  
   Colibri thalassinus
• Green-breasted Mango
  Green-breasted Mango
  The Green-breasted Mango is a hummingbird from tropical America. The scientific name of this bird commemorates the French naturalist Florent Prévost.- Description :...
  
   Anthracothorax prevostii
• Violet-headed Hummingbird
  Violet-headed Hummingbird
  The Violet-headed Hummingbird is a species of hummingbird in the Trochilidae family. It is monotypic of the genus, Klais.It is found in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, and Venezuela...
  
   Klais guimeti
• Emerald-chinned Hummingbird
  Emerald-chinned Hummingbird
  The Emerald-chinned Hummingbird is a species of hummingbird in the Trochilidae family. It is found in Belize, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, and Nicaragua. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist montanes and heavily degraded former forest....
  
   Abeillia abeillei
• Black-crested Coquette
  Black-crested Coquette
  The Black-Crested Coquette is a species of hummingbird in the Trochilidae family.It is found in Belize, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, and Nicaragua....
  
   Lophornis helenae
• Canivet's Emerald Chlorostilbon canivetii
• Stripe-tailed Hummingbird
  Stripe-tailed Hummingbird
  The Stripe-tailed Hummingbird is a species of hummingbird endemic to subtropical moist forests and adjacent clearings of Middle America, from the Gulf slope of southeastern Mexico to Panama....
  
   Eupherusa eximia
• Violet-crowned Woodnymph
  Violet-crowned Woodnymph
  The Violet-crowned Woodnymph , also known as the Purple-crowned Woodnymph, is a medium-sized hummingbird found from Guatemala and Belize to northern Colombia and western Venezuela. It formerly included the Mexican and Green-crowned Woodnymphs as subspecies...
  
   Thalurania colombica
• Blue-throated Goldentail
  Blue-throated Goldentail
  The Blue-throated Sapphire , also known as the Blue-Throated Goldentail, is a species of hummingbird in the Trochilidae family. It is found in Belize, Colombia, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, and Panama...
  
   Hylocharis eliciae
• White-eared Hummingbird
  White-eared Hummingbird
  The White-eared Hummingbird, Basilinna leucotis , is a medium-sized hummingbird. It is 9-10 cm long, and weighs approximately 3-4 g.- Overview :...
  
   Hylocharis leucotis
• Rufous-tailed Hummingbird
  Rufous-tailed Hummingbird
  The Rufous-tailed Hummingbird is a medium-sized hummingbird that breeds from east-central Mexico, through Central America and Colombia, east to western Venezuela and south through western Ecuador to near the border with Peru...
  
   Amazilia tzacatl
• Cinnamon Hummingbird
  Cinnamon Hummingbird
  The Cinnamon Hummingbird is a species of hummingbird in the Trochilidae family.It is found from northwestern Mexico to Costa Rica....
  
   Amazilia rutila
• White-bellied Emerald
  White-bellied Emerald
  The White-Bellied Emerald is a species of hummingbird in the Trochilidae family.It is found in Belize, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, and Nicaragua....
  
   Agyrtria candida
• Azure-crowned Hummingbird
  Azure-crowned Hummingbird
  The Azure-Crowned Hummingbird is a species of hummingbird in the Trochilidae family.It is found in Belize, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, and Nicaragua....
  
   Agyrtria cyanocephala
• Blue-chested Hummingbird
  Blue-chested Hummingbird
  The Blue-Chested Hummingbird is a species of hummingbird in the Trochilidae family.It is found in Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Nicaragua, and Panama....
  
   Polyerata amabilis
• Steely-vented Hummingbird
  Steely-vented Hummingbird
  The Steely-vented Hummingbird is a medium-sized hummingbird that is a resident breeder from western Nicaragua to Costa Rica, and also in Colombia and northwestern Venezuela. The Central American birds differ in voice and behaviour from those in South America and may be a separate species, the ...
  
   Saucerottia saucerrottei
• Blue-tailed Hummingbird
  Blue-tailed Hummingbird
  The Blue-tailed Hummingbird , sometimes placed in the genus Saucerottia, is a species of hummingbird in the Trochilidae family.It is found in Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, and Nicaragua....
  
   Saucerottia cyanura
• Snowcap
  Snowcap
  The Snowcap is a small hummingbird which is a resident breeder in Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica and western Panama. It is the only member of the genus Microchera....
  
   Microchera albocoronata
• Bronze-tailed Plumeleteer Chalybura urochrysia
• Green-breasted Mountain-gem
  Green-breasted Mountain-gem
  The Green-breasted Mountaingem is a species of hummingbird in the Trochilidae family.It is found in Honduras and Nicaragua. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montanes.-References:...
  
   Lampornis sybillae
• Purple-throated Mountain-gem
  Purple-throated Mountain-gem
  The Purple-throated Mountaingem is a hummingbird which breeds in the mountains of southern Nicaragua, northern Costa Rica and western Panama...
  
   Lampornis calolaema
• Magnificent Hummingbird
  Magnificent Hummingbird
  The Magnificent Hummingbird is a large hummingbird that breeds in mountains from the southwestern United States to western Panama. It is the only member of the genus Eugenes, although the northern, nominate subspecies E. fulgens fulgens has on occasion been separated from the larger, southern race...
  
   Eugenes fulgens
• Purple-crowned Fairy
  Purple-crowned Fairy
  The Purple-crowned Fairy is a large hummingbird that breeds in the lowlands and hills from southeastern Mexico south to southwestern Ecuador....
  
   Heliothryx barroti
• Plain-capped Starthroat
  Plain-capped Starthroat
  The Plain-capped Starthroat, Heliomaster constantii, is a large-sized hummingbird. It is 11-12 cm long, and weighs approximately 7-8 g.Adults are colored predominantly metallic bronze on their upper-parts, tail, back and crown. The bird has a dark eye-stripe with a white stripe above and below. ...
  
   Heliomaster constantii
• Long-billed Starthroat
  Long-billed Starthroat
  The Long-billed Starthroat, Heliomaster longirostris, is a hummingbird that breeds from southern Mexico to Panama, from Colombia south and east to Bolivia and Brazil, and on Trinidad...
  
   Heliomaster longirostris
• Sparkling-tailed Hummingbird
  Sparkling-tailed Hummingbird
  The Sparkling-tailed Woodstar , also known as the Sparkling-Tailed Hummingbird, is a species of hummingbird in the Trochilidae family. It is found in Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, and Nicaragua...
  
   Tilmatura dupontii
• Ruby-throated Hummingbird
  Ruby-throated Hummingbird
  The Ruby-throated Hummingbird , is a small hummingbird. It is the only species of hummingbird that regularly nests east of the Mississippi River in North America.- Description :...
  
   Archilochus colubris

Trogons and quetzals

Order: Trogoniformes. Family: Trogonidae

The family Trogonidae includes trogons and quetzals. Found in tropical woodlands worldwide, they feed on insects and fruit, and their broad bills and weak legs reflect their diet and arboreal habits. Although their flight is fast, they are reluctant to fly any distance. Trogons have soft, often colourful, feathers with distinctive male and female plumage. There are 33 species worldwide and 7 species which occur in Nicaragua.

• Black-headed Trogon
  Black-headed Trogon
  The Black-headed Trogon is a species of bird in the Trogonidae family.It is found in Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, and Nicaragua....
  
   Trogon melanocephalus
• Violaceous Trogon
  Violaceous Trogon
  The Violaceous Trogon , also known as the Guianan Trogon, is a near passerine bird in the trogon family, Trogonidae. It is found in humid forests in the Amazon Basin of South America and on the island of Trinidad, although some authorities have argued for treating the west Amazonian population as...
  
   Trogon violaceus
• Collared Trogon
  Collared Trogon
  The Collared Trogon, Trogon collaris, is a near passerine bird in the trogon family, Trogonidae. It is found in the warmer parts of the Neotropics, and includes numerous subspecies, including T. c...
  
   Trogon collaris
• Elegant Trogon
  Elegant Trogon
  The Elegant Trogon, Trogon elegans , is a near passerine bird in the trogon family. It breeds from southeasternmost Arizona in the United States to northwestern Costa Rica. It occasionally is found as a vagrant in southeasternmost and western Texas.It is a resident of the lower levels of semi-arid...
  
   Trogon elegans
• Black-throated Trogon
  Black-throated Trogon
  The Black-throated Trogon, Trogon rufus, is a near passerine bird in the trogon family, Trogonidae. It is also called "Yellow-bellied Trogon", but as it is not the only trogon with a yellow belly this should be avoided...
  
   Trogon rufus
• Slaty-tailed Trogon
  Slaty-tailed Trogon
  The Slaty-tailed Trogon, Trogon massena, is a near passerine bird in the trogon family, Trogonidae. It breeds in lowlands from southeastern Mexico south through Central America, to Colombia, and a small region of northwestern Ecuador....
  
   Trogon massena
• Resplendent Quetzal
  Resplendent Quetzal
  The Resplendent Quetzal, Pharomachrus mocinno, is a bird in the trogon family. It is found from southern Mexico to western Panama . It is well known for its colorful plumage. There are two subspecies, P. m. mocinno and P. m...
  
   Pharomachrus mocinno

Kingfishers

Order: Coraciiformes

Coraciiformes

The Coraciiformes are a group of usually colorful near passerine birds including the kingfishers, the Hoopoe, the bee-eaters, the rollers, and the hornbills...

. Family: Alcedinidae

Kingfishers are medium-sized birds with large heads, long pointed bills, short legs, and stubby tails. There are 93 species worldwide and 6 species which occur in Nicaragua.

• Belted Kingfisher
  Belted Kingfisher
  The Belted Kingfisher is a large, conspicuous water kingfisher, the only member of that group commonly found in the northern United States and Canada. It is depicted on the 1986 series Canadian $5 note. All kingfishers were formerly placed in one family, Alcedinidae, but recent research suggests...
  
   Ceryle alcyon
• Ringed Kingfisher
  Ringed Kingfisher
  The Ringed Kingfisher is a large, conspicuous and noisy kingfisher, commonly found along the lower Rio Grande River valley in southeasternmost Texas in the United States through Central America to Tierra del Fuego in South America....
  
   Ceryle torquatus
• Amazon Kingfisher
  Amazon Kingfisher
  The Amazon Kingfisher, Chloroceryle amazona, is a resident breeding bird in the lowlands of the American tropics from southern Mexico south through Central America to northern Argentina, with at least one bird having strayed north to Texas. Records from Trinidad are thought to be erroneous.This...
  
   Chloroceryle amazona
• Green Kingfisher
  Green Kingfisher
  The Green Kingfisher, Chloroceryle americana, is a resident breeding bird which occurs from southern Texas in the USA south through Central and South Americal to central Argentina....
  
   Chloroceryle americana
• Green-and-rufous Kingfisher
  Green-and-rufous Kingfisher
  The Green-and-rufous Kingfisher, Chloroceryle inda, is a resident breeding bird in the lowlands of the American tropics from southeastern Nicaragua south to southern Brazil.-Description:...
  
   Chloroceryle inda
• American Pygmy Kingfisher
  American Pygmy Kingfisher
  The American Pygmy Kingfisher, Chloroceryle aenea, is a resident breeding bird which occurs in the American tropics from southern Mexico south through Central America to western Ecuador, and then around the northern Andes cordillera in the east to central Bolivia and central Brazil...
  
   Chloroceryle aenea

Motmots

Order: Coraciiformes

Coraciiformes

The Coraciiformes are a group of usually colorful near passerine birds including the kingfishers, the Hoopoe, the bee-eaters, the rollers, and the hornbills...

. Family: Momotidae

The motmots have colorful plumage and long, graduated tails, which they display by waggling back and forth. In most of the species, the barbs near the ends of the two longest (central) tail feathers are weak and fall off, leaving a length of bare shaft, and creating a racket-shaped tail. There are 10 species worldwide and 6 species which occur in Nicaragua.

• Tody Motmot
  Tody Motmot
  The Tody Motmot is a species of bird in the Momotidae family. It is monotypic within the genus Hylomanes.It is found in Belize, Colombia, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, and Panama....
  
   Hylomanes momotula
• Blue-crowned Motmot
  Blue-crowned Motmot
  The Blue-crowned Motmot, Momotus momota, is a colourful near-passerine bird found in forests and woodlands of eastern Mexico, Central America, northern and central South America, and Trinidad and Tobago...
  
   Momotus momota
• Rufous Motmot
  Rufous Motmot
  The Rufous Motmot, Baryphthengus martii, is a near-passerine bird which is a resident breeder in rain forests from northeastern Honduras south to western Ecuador, northeastern Bolivia, and southwestern Brazil....
  
   Baryphthengus martii
• Keel-billed Motmot
  Keel-billed Motmot
  The Keel-billed Motmot is a species of bird in the Momotidae family.It is found in Belize, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, and Nicaragua....
  
   Electron carinatum
• Broad-billed Motmot
  Broad-billed Motmot
  The Broad-billed Motmot is a species of bird in the Momotidae family.It is found in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama, and Peru. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and heavily degraded former forest.-References:*...
  
   Electron platyrhynchum
• Turquoise-browed Motmot
  Turquoise-browed Motmot
  The Turquoise-browed Motmot also called Torogoz by the inhabitants of El Salvador and Guardabarranco in Nicaragua; is a colourful, medium-sized bird of the motmot family, Momotidae. It inhabits Central America from south-east Mexico , to Costa Rica, where it is common and not considered threatened...
  
   Eumomota superciliosa

Jacamars

Order: Piciformes

Piciformes

Nine families of largely arboreal birds make up the order Piciformes, the best-known of them being the Picidae, which includes the woodpeckers and close relatives...

. Family: Galbulidae

The jacamars are near passerine birds from tropical South America, with a range that extends up to Mexico. They are glossy elegant birds with long bills and tails, which feed on insects caught on the wing. In appearance and behaviour they show resemblances to the Old World bee-eater

Bee-eater

The bee-eaters are a group of near-passerine birds in the family Meropidae. Most species are found in Africa and Asia but others occur in southern Europe, Australia, and New Guinea. They are characterised by richly coloured plumage, slender bodies, and usually elongated central tail feathers...

s, although they are more closely related to woodpeckers. There are 18 species and 1 species that occurs in Nicaragua.

• Rufous-tailed Jacamar
  Rufous-tailed Jacamar
  The Rufous-tailed Jacamar, Galbula ruficauda, is a near-passerine bird which breeds in the tropical New World in southern Mexico, Central America and South America as far south as southern Brazil and Ecuador....
  
   Galbula ruficauda

Puffbirds

Order: Piciformes

Piciformes

Nine families of largely arboreal birds make up the order Piciformes, the best-known of them being the Picidae, which includes the woodpeckers and close relatives...

. Family: Bucconidae

The puffbirds are related to the jacamars, and have the same range, but lack the iridescent colours of that family. They are mainly brown, rufous or grey, with large heads and flattened bills with a hooked tip. The loose abundant plumage and short tails makes them look stout and puffy, giving rise to the English common name of the family. There are 34 species and 3 species which occur in Nicaragua.

• White-necked Puffbird
  White-necked Puffbird
  The White-necked Puffbird is a species of puffbird in the Bucconidae family.It is found in forest and woodland from southern Mexico, through Central America, to the Chocó, northern Colombia , northern Venezuela, and the western and southern Amazon Basin.It was formerly considered a subspecies of N...
  
   Notharchus macrorhynchos
• White-whiskered Puffbird
  White-whiskered Puffbird
  The White-whiskered Puffbird is a bird which is a resident breeding species from southeastern Mexico to central Ecuador. It is sometimes known as White-whiskered Softwing....
  
   Malacoptila panamensis
• White-fronted Nunbird
  White-fronted Nunbird
  The White-fronted Nunbird is a species of near passerine bird in the puffbird family . It is found in the tropical Americas....
  
   Monasa morphoeus

Toucans

Order: Piciformes

Piciformes

Nine families of largely arboreal birds make up the order Piciformes, the best-known of them being the Picidae, which includes the woodpeckers and close relatives...

. Family: Ramphastidae

Toucans are near passerine birds from the neotropics. They are brightly marked and have enormous, colourful bills which in some species may amount to half their body length. There are 40 species worldwide and 5 species which occur in Nicaragua.

• Collared Aracari
  Collared Aracari
  The Collared Aracari, Pteroglossus torquatus, is a toucan, a near-passerine bird which breeds from southern Mexico to Panama; also Ecuador, Colombia and Venezuela.-Description:...
  
   Pteroglossus torquatus
• Yellow-eared Toucanet
  Yellow-eared Toucanet
  The Yellow-eared Toucanet is a species of bird in the Ramphastidae family. It is found in humid forests in Central America and the Chocó...
  
   Selenidera spectabilis
• Keel-billed Toucan
  Keel-billed Toucan
  The Keel-billed Toucan , also known as Sulfur-breasted Toucan or Rainbow-billed Toucan, is a colorful Latin American member of the toucan family. It is the national bird of Belize.- Description :...
  
   Ramphastos sulfuratus
• Black-mandibled Toucan
  Black-mandibled Toucan
  The Black-mandibled Toucan is a large toucan from northern South America. Its distribution ranges along the eastern slope of the Andes from Peru, north through Ecuador and Colombia, to Venezuela as far as the coastal ranges....
  
   Ramphastos ambiguus
• Emerald Toucanet
  Emerald Toucanet
  The Emerald Toucanet, Aulacorhynchus prasinus, is a near-passerine bird occurring in mountainous regions from Mexico, through Central America, to northern Venezuela and along the Andes as far south as central Bolivia...
  
   Aulacorhynchus prasinus

Woodpeckers and allies

Order: Piciformes

Piciformes

Nine families of largely arboreal birds make up the order Piciformes, the best-known of them being the Picidae, which includes the woodpeckers and close relatives...

. Family: Picidae

Picidae

The woodpeckers, piculets and wrynecks are a family, Picidae, of near-passerine birds. Members of this family are found worldwide, except for Australia and New Zealand, Madagascar, and the extreme polar regions...

Woodpeckers are small to medium sized birds with chisel like beaks, short legs, stiff tails and long tongues used for capturing insects. Some species have feet with two toes pointing forward, and two backward, while several species have only three toes. Many woodpeckers have the habit of tapping noisily on tree trunks with their beaks. There are 218 species worldwide and 17 species which occur in Nicaragua.

• Olivaceous Piculet
  Olivaceous Piculet
  The Olivaceous Piculet is a species of bird in the Picidae family. Etymologically, piculet is as a double diminutive of the Latin picus woodpecker, see also Picus...
  
   Picumnus olivaceus
• Acorn Woodpecker
  Acorn Woodpecker
  The Acorn woodpecker is a medium-sized woodpecker, 21 cm long with an average weight of 85 g.-Description:...
  
   Melanerpes formicivorus
• Black-cheeked Woodpecker
  Black-cheeked Woodpecker
  The Black-cheeked Woodpecker, Melanerpes pucherani, is a resident breeding bird from southeastern Mexico south to western Ecuador.This woodpecker occurs in the higher levels of wet forests, semi-open woodland and old second growth. It nests in an unlined hole 6–30 m high in a dead tree. The clutch...
  
   Melanerpes pucherani
• Yucatan Woodpecker
  Yucatan Woodpecker
  The Yucatan Woodpecker is a species of bird in the Picidae family.It is found in Belize, Honduras, and Mexico, and ranges over the entire Yucatán Peninsula....
  
   Melanerpes pygmaeus
• Hoffmann's Woodpecker
  Hoffmann's Woodpecker
  Hoffmann's Woodpecker, Melanerpes hoffmannii, is a resident breeding bird from southern Honduras south to Costa Rica. It is a common species on the Pacific slopes, locally as high as 2150 m. It is expanding on the Caribbean slope, aided by deforestation...
  
   Melanerpes hoffmannii
• Golden-fronted Woodpecker
  Golden-fronted Woodpecker
  The Golden-fronted Woodpecker, Melanerpes aurifrons, is a North American woodpecker. Its preferred habitat is mesquite and riparian woodlands. It is distributed from Texas and Oklahoma in the United States through Mexico to Honduras and northern Nicaragua...
  
   Melanerpes aurifrons
• Yellow-bellied Sapsucker
  Yellow-bellied Sapsucker
  The Yellow-bellied Sapsucker is a medium-sized woodpecker found in North America, Central America and the Caribbean.-Taxonomy:...
  
   Sphyrapicus varius
• Ladder-backed Woodpecker
  Ladder-backed Woodpecker
  The Ladder-backed Woodpecker is a North American woodpecker.-Range and habitat:The Ladder-backed Woodpecker is fairly common in dry brushy areas and thickets and has a rather large range...
  
   Picoides scalaris
• Hairy Woodpecker
  Hairy Woodpecker
  The Hairy Woodpecker is a medium-sized woodpecker, averaging approximately 250 mm in length with a 380 mm wingspan...
  
   Picoides villosus
• Smoky-brown Woodpecker
  Smoky-brown Woodpecker
  The Smoky-brown Woodpecker or Brown Woodpecker is a species of bird in the Picidae family.It is found in Argentina, Belize, Bolivia, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, and Venezuela.-Habitat:Its natural habitats are subtropical or...
  
   Veniliornis fumigatus
• Rufous-winged Woodpecker
  Rufous-winged Woodpecker
  The Rufous-winged Woodpecker is a species of bird in the Picidae family.It is found in Costa Rica, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Panama.Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests.-References:...
  
   Piculus simplex
• Golden-olive Woodpecker
  Golden-olive Woodpecker
  The Golden-olive Woodpecker, Colaptes rubiginosus, is a resident breeding bird from Mexico south and east to Guyana, northwest Argentina, Trinidad and Tobago. It was formerly placed in the genus Piculus...
  
   Piculus rubiginosus
• Northern Flicker
  Northern Flicker
  The Northern Flicker is a medium-sized member of the woodpecker family. It is native to most of North America, parts of Central America, Cuba, the Cayman Islands, and is one of the few woodpecker species that migrate. There are over 100 common names for the Northern Flicker...
  
   Colaptes auratus
• Cinnamon Woodpecker
  Cinnamon Woodpecker
  The Cinnamon Woodpecker is a species of bird in the Picidae family.It is found in Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Nicaragua, and Panama. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests.-References:...
  
   Celeus loricatus (A)
• Chestnut-colored Woodpecker Celeus castaneus
• Lineated Woodpecker
  Lineated Woodpecker
  The Lineated Woodpecker is a very large woodpecker which is a resident breeding bird from Mexico south to northern Argentina and on Trinidad.-Description:The Lineated Woodpecker is long...
  
   Dryocopus lineatus
• Pale-billed Woodpecker
  Pale-billed Woodpecker
  The Pale-billed Woodpecker is a very large woodpecker that is a resident breeding bird from northern Mexico to western Panama.-Habitat:...
  
   Campephilus guatemalensis

Ovenbirds

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Furnariidae

Ovenbirds comprise a large family of small sub-oscine passerine bird species found in Central and South America. They are a diverse group of insectivores which gets its name from the elaborate "oven-like" clay nests built by some species, although others build stick nests or nest in tunnels or clefts in rock. There are 243 species worldwide and 9 species which occur in Nicaragua.

• Slaty Spinetail
  Slaty Spinetail
  The Slaty Spinetail or Slaty Castlebuilder, , is a passerine bird which breeds in the tropical New World from northern Honduras to western Ecuador and east-central Brazil....
  
   Synallaxis brachyura
• Plain Xenops
  Plain Xenops
  The Plain Xenops, Xenops minutus, is a passerine bird which breeds in moist lowland forests in the tropical New World from southern Mexico south to western Ecuador, northeastern Argentina and central Brazil....
  
   Xenops minutus
• Scaly-throated Foliage-gleaner
  Scaly-throated Foliage-gleaner
  The Scaly-throated Foliage-gleaner is a species of bird in the Furnariidae family.It is found in Belize, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, and Panama....
  
   Anabacerthia variegaticeps
• Striped Woodhaunter
  Striped Woodhaunter
  The Striped Woodhaunter is a species of bird in the Furnariidae family. It is the only member of the genus Hyloctistes.It is found in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, and Venezuela...
  
   Hyloctistes subulatus
• Buff-fronted Foliage-gleaner
  Buff-fronted Foliage-gleaner
  The Buff-fronted Foliage-gleaner is a species of bird in the Furnariidae family, the ovenbirds. It is found in southeastern regions of South America in the cerrado and pantanal of Brazil and Paraguay as well as areas of southeast coastal Brazil; also extreme northeast Argentina...
  
   Philydor rufus
• Buff-throated Foliage-gleaner
  Buff-throated Foliage-gleaner
  The Buff-throated Foliage-gleaner is a species of bird in the Furnariidae family.It is found in Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela...
  
   Automolus ochrolaemus
• Ruddy Foliage-gleaner
  Ruddy Foliage-gleaner
  The Ruddy Foliage-gleaner is a species of bird in the Furnariidae family. Its range is highly disjunct, with populations in the highlands of Mexico and Central America, and lowlands and foothills in the Chocó, eastern Andes, and western and north-eastern Amazon Basin. It is found in forest...
  
   Automolus rubiginosus
• Tawny-throated Leaftosser
  Tawny-throated Leaftosser
  The Tawny-throated Leaftosser is a tropical American bird species in the ovenbird family Furnariidae. It is also known as the Tawny-throated Leafscraper, Mexican Leaftosser or Mexican Leafscraper...
  
   Sclerurus mexicanus
• Scaly-throated Leaftosser
  Scaly-throated Leaftosser
  The Scaly-throated Leaftosser is a species of bird in the Furnariidae family.It is found in Belize, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, and Panama. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and subtropical or tropical moist montane...
  
   Sclerurus guatemalensis

Woodcreepers

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Dendrocolaptidae

The Dendrocolaptidae are brownish birds and maintain an upright vertical posture, supported by their stiff tail vanes. They feed mainly on insects taken from tree trunks. There are 57 species worldwide and 15 species which occur in Nicaragua.

• Tawny-winged Woodcreeper
  Tawny-winged Woodcreeper
  The Tawny-winged Woodcreeper is a species of bird in the Dendrocolaptinae subfamily, New World woodcreepers.It is found in Belize, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, and Panama....
  
   Dendrocincla anabatina
• Plain-brown Woodcreeper
  Plain-brown Woodcreeper
  The Plain-brown Woodcreeper , is a sub-oscine passerine bird which breeds in the tropical New World from Honduras through South America to northern Argentina, and in Trinidad and Tobago. Sometimes it is considered to include the Plain-winged Woodcreeper The Plain-brown Woodcreeper (Dendrocincla...
  
   Dendrocincla fuliginosa
• Ruddy Woodcreeper
  Ruddy Woodcreeper
  The Ruddy Woodcreeper , is a passerine bird which breeds in the tropical New World from southern Mexico to northern Colombia and extreme northern Venezuela....
  
   Dendrocincla homochroa
• Long-tailed Woodcreeper
  Long-tailed Woodcreeper
  The Long-tailed Woodcreeper is a species of bird in the Dendrocolaptinae subfamily. It is monotypic within Deconychura, but formerly this genus also included the Spot-throated Woodcreeper....
  
   Deconychura longicauda
• Olivaceous Woodcreeper
  Olivaceous Woodcreeper
  The Olivaceous Woodcreeper is a passerine bird of the tropical Americas. It belongs to the true woodcreepers of the ovenbird family ....
  
   Sittasomus griseicapillus
• Wedge-billed Woodcreeper
  Wedge-billed Woodcreeper
  The Wedge-billed Woodcreeper , is a passerine bird which breeds in the tropical New World from southern Mexico to northern Bolivia, central Brazil and the Guianas; it is absent from the Pacific coastal areas except between Costa Rica and Ecuador...
  
   Glyphorynchus spirurus
• Strong-billed Woodcreeper
  Strong-billed Woodcreeper
  The Strong-billed Woodcreeper is a species of bird in the Dendrocolaptinae subfamily.It is one of the largest woodcreepers and the largest furnariids, though the slender Long-billed Woodcreeper is longer and the Great Rufous Woodcreeper is larger overall...
  
   Xiphocolaptes promeropirhynchus
• Northern Barred-Woodcreeper
  Northern Barred-woodcreeper
  The Northern Barred-woodcreeper is a species of bird in the Dendrocolaptinae subfamily. It was formerly included as a subspecies of the Amazonian Barred-woodcreeper ....
  
   Dendrocolaptes sanctithomae
• Black-banded Woodcreeper
  Black-banded Woodcreeper
  The Black-banded Woodcreeper is a species of bird in the Dendrocolaptinae subfamily, the woodcreepers.It is found in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, Mexico, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela.In South America it is...
  
   Dendrocolaptes picumnus
• Cocoa Woodcreeper
  Cocoa Woodcreeper
  The Cocoa Woodcreeper is a passerine bird which breeds in tropical Central and South America in Trinidad, Tobago, northern Colombia and northern Venezuela. It was formerly considered a subspecies of the Buff-throated Woodcreeper .It is typically 23 cm long, and weighs 37 g...
  
   Xiphorhynchus susurrans
• Ivory-billed Woodcreeper
  Ivory-billed Woodcreeper
  The Ivory-billed Woodcreeper is a species of bird in the Dendrocolaptinae subfamily.It is found in Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, and Nicaragua....
  
   Xiphorhynchus flavigaster
• Black-striped Woodcreeper
  Black-striped Woodcreeper
  The Black-striped Woodcreeper is a species of bird in the Dendrocolaptinae subfamily.It is found in Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Nicaragua, and Panama. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and subtropical or tropical mangrove forests.-References:* BirdLife...
  
   Xiphorhynchus lachrymosus
• Spotted Woodcreeper
  Spotted Woodcreeper
  The Spotted Woodcreeper is a species of bird in the Dendrocolaptinae subfamily. It is found in Belize, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, and Panama....
  
   Xiphorhynchus erythropygius
• Streak-headed Woodcreeper
  Streak-headed Woodcreeper
  The Streak-headed Woodcreeper , is a passerine bird which breeds in the tropical New World from southern Mexico to northwestern Peru, northern Brazil and Guyana, and on Trinidad....
  
   Lepidocolaptes souleyetii
• Spot-crowned Woodcreeper
  Spot-crowned Woodcreeper
  The Spot-crowned Woodcreeper , is a passerine bird which breeds in the tropical New World from central Mexico in the east, the Sierra Madre Orientals, to northern Panama....
  
   Lepidocolaptes affinis

Typical antbirds

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Thamnophilidae

The antbirds are a large family of small passerine birds of subtropical and tropical Central and South America. They are forest birds, and tend to feed on insects at or near the ground. A sizable minority of them specialize in following columns of army ants to eat the small invertebrates that leave hiding to flee the ants.Many species lack bright colour; brown, black and white being the dominant tones. There are about 212 species worldwide and 18 species which occur in Nicaragua.

• Fasciated Antshrike
  Fasciated Antshrike
  The Fasciated Antshrike is a species of bird in the Thamnophilidae family.It is found in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela....
  
   Cymbilaimus lineatus
• Great Antshrike
  Great Antshrike
  The Great Antshrike, Taraba major, is a passerine bird in the antbird family. It is the only member of the genus Taraba-....
  
   Taraba major
• Barred Antshrike
  Barred Antshrike
  The Barred Antshrike, Thamnophilus doliatus, is a passerine bird in the antbird family. It is found in the Neotropics from Tamaulipas, Mexico, through Central America, Trinidad and Tobago, and a large part of South America east of the Andes as far south as northern Argentina, Bolivia and Paraguay....
  
   Thamnophilus doliatus
• Western Slaty-Antshrike
  Western Slaty-Antshrike
  The Western Slaty-Antshrike is a species of bird in the Thamnophilidae family.It is found in from western Ecuador, western Colombia, western Venezuela, and Central America as far north as Belize....
  
   Thamnophilus atrinucha
• Russet Antshrike
  Russet Antshrike
  The Russet Antshrike, Thamnistes anabatinus, is a passerine bird in the antbird family. It is the only member of the genus Thamnistes.It is a resident breeder in the tropical New World from southern Mexico to northern Bolivia....
  
   Thamnistes anabatinus
• Plain Antvireo
  Plain Antvireo
  The Plain Antvireo, Dysithamnus mentalis, is a passerine bird species in the antbird family , wherein it belongs to the antshrike subfamily . It is a resident breeder in tropical Central and South America....
  
   Dysithamnus mentalis
• Streak-crowned Antvireo
  Streak-crowned Antvireo
  The Streak-crowned Antvireo is a species of bird in the Thamnophilidae family.It is found in Costa Rica, Honduras, and Nicaragua.Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests.-References:...
  
   Dysithamnus striaticeps
• Checker-throated Antwren
  Checker-throated Antwren
  The Checker-throated Antwren or Fulvous-bellied Antwren is a small passerine bird in the antbird family. It has traditionally been placed in the genus Myrmotherula, but is, together with other members of the so-called "stipple-throated group", now placed in the new genus Epinecrophylla...
  
   Myrmotherula fulviventris
• White-flanked Antwren
  White-flanked Antwren
  The White-flanked Antwren is a passerine bird in the antbird family.-Taxonomy:The subspecies M. a. luctuosa, the Silvery-flanked Antwren, is sometimes split as a full species.-Distribution and habitat:...
  
   Myrmotherula axillaris
• Slaty Antwren
  Slaty Antwren
  The Slaty Antwren, Myrmotherula schisticolor, is a small passerine bird in the antbird family. It is a resident breeder in tropical Central and South America from southern Mexico to western Ecuador and eastern Peru....
  
   Myrmotherula schisticolor
• Dot-winged Antwren
  Dot-winged Antwren
  The Dot-winged Antwren is a passerine bird in the antbird family. In the past it was sometimes known as the Velvety Antwren, and some of its more distinctive subspecies have their own infrequently used English names...
  
   Microrhopias quixensis
• Dusky Antbird
  Dusky Antbird
  The Dusky Antbird or Tyrannine Antbird, Cercomacra tyrannina, is a passerine bird in the antbird family. It is a resident breeder in tropical Central and South America from southeastern Mexico southwards to western Ecuador, and Amazonian Brazil....
  
   Cercomacra tyrannina
• Bare-crowned Antbird
  Bare-crowned Antbird
  The Bare-crowned Antbird is a species of bird in the Thamnophilidae family in the monotypic genus Gymnocichla.It is found in Belize, Colombia, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, and Panama....
  
   Gymnocichla nudiceps
• Chestnut-backed Antbird
  Chestnut-backed Antbird
  The Chestnut-backed Antbird, Myrmeciza exsul, is a passerine bird in the antbird family. It is found in humid forests in Central and South America , ranging from eastern Nicaragua to western Ecuador...
  
   Myrmeciza exsul
• Bicolored Antbird Gymnopithys leucaspis
• Wing-banded Antbird
  Wing-banded Antbird
  The Wing-banded Antbird is a species of bird in the Thamnophilidae family. It is placed in the monotypic genus Myrmornis....
  
   Myrmornis torquata
• Spotted Antbird
  Spotted Antbird
  The Spotted Antbird is a species of bird in the Thamnophilidae family.In southern Central America, it is found in Nicaragua, Costa Rica and Panama; also Colombia and Ecuador of northwestern South America....
  
   Hylophylax naevioides
• Ocellated Antbird
  Ocellated Antbird
  The Ocellated Antbird is a species of antbird in the family Thamnophilidae. It is monotypic within the genus Phaenostictus.It is found in Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Panama....
  
   Phaenostictus mcleannani

Antthrushes and antpittas

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Formicariidae

Formicariidae

The Formicariidae, formicariids, or ground antbirds are a family of smallish passerine birds of subtropical and tropical Central and South America. They are between 10 and 20 cm in length, and are related to the antbirds, Thamnophilidae, and gnateaters, Conopophagidae...

The ground antbirds are a family comprising the antthrushes and antpittas. Antthrushes resemble small rails while antpittas resemble the true pittas

Pitta (bird)

Pittas are a family, Pittidae, of passerine birds mainly found in tropical Asia and Australasia, although a couple of species live in Africa. Pittas are all similar in general structure and habits, and have often been placed in a single genus, although as of 2009 they are now split into three...

 with longish strong legs, very short tails and stout bills. There are about 63 species worldwide and 4 species which occur in Nicaragua.

• Black-faced Antthrush
  Black-faced Antthrush
  The Black-faced Antthrush , is a passerine bird.-Distribution and habitat:It is a common and widespread forest bird in the tropical New World, from southern Mexico through Central America to the northern regions of South America...
  
   Formicarius analis
• Scaled Antpitta
  Scaled Antpitta
  The Scaled Antpitta is a species of bird tentatively placed in the family Formicariidae; it might belong to a more distinct lineage though....
  
   Grallaria guatimalensis
• Streak-chested Antpitta Hylopezus perspicillatus
• Fulvous-bellied Antpitta
  Fulvous-bellied Antpitta
  The White-lored Antpitta or Fulvous-bellied Antpitta is a species of bird in the Formicariidae family. It is found in Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and heavily degraded former forest.-References:* BirdLife International 2004. ...
  
   Hylopezus dives

Cotingas

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Cotingidae

The cotingas are birds of forests or forest edges of tropical South America. Comparatively little is known about this diverse group, although all have broad bills with hooked tips, rounded wings, and strong legs. The males of many of the species are brightly coloured, or decorated with plumes or wattles. There are 71 species worldwide and 4 species which occur in Nicaragua

• Rufous Piha
  Rufous Piha
  The Rufous Piha is a species of bird in the Cotingidae family.It is found in Belize, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, and Panama....
  
   Lipaugus unirufus
• Lovely Cotinga
  Lovely Cotinga
  The Lovely Cotinga is a species of bird in the Cotingidae family. It is found in Central America from southern Mexico through Guatemala, Belize, Honduras and Nicaragua to Costa Rica with reports from western Panama...
  
   Cotinga amabilis
• Snowy Cotinga
  Snowy Cotinga
  The Snowy Cotinga is a species of bird in the Cotingidae family.It is found in Costa Rica, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Panama....
  
   Carpodectes nitidus
• Three-wattled Bellbird
  Three-wattled bellbird
  The Three-wattled Bellbird is a Central American migratory bird of the cotinga family.-Overview:One of four species of bellbird that live in Central and South America, the Three-wattled Bellbird is between and long...
  
   Procnias tricarunculata

Manakins

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Pipridae

The manakins are a family bird species of subtropical and tropical mainland Central and South America, and Trinidad and Tobago. They are compact forest birds, the males typically being brightly coloured, although the females of most species are duller and usually green-plumaged. Manakins feed on small fruits, berries and insects. There are 57 species worldwide and 6 species which occur in Nicaragua.

• White-collared Manakin
  White-collared Manakin
  The White-collared Manakin, Manacus candei, is a passerine bird in the manakin family. It is a resident breeder in the tropical New World from southeastern Mexico to Costa Rica and the extreme west of Panama....
  
   Manacus candei
• White-ruffed Manakin
  White-ruffed Manakin
  The White-ruffed Manakin, Corapipo altera, is a tiny passerine bird in the manakin family. It is a resident breeder in the tropical New World from eastern Honduras to northwestern Venezuela....
  
   Corapipo altera
• Long-tailed Manakin
  Long-tailed Manakin
  The Long-tailed Manakin is a species of bird in the Pipridae family. It is found in Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, and Nicaragua....
  
   Chiroxiphia linearis
• Red-capped Manakin
  Red-capped Manakin
  The Red-capped Manakin is a species of bird in the Pipridae family.It is found in Belize, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Peru and Panama....
  
   Pipra mentalis
• Gray-headed Piprites Piprites griseiceps
• Thrush-like Schiffornis
  Thrush-like Schiffornis
  The Thrush-like Schiffornis , also called Thrush-like Mourner or Thrush-like Manakin, is a species of Neotropical bird.-Distribution and habitat:...
  
   Schiffornis turdinus

Tyrant flycatchers

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Tyrannidae

Tyrant flycatcher

Tyrant flycatcher

The tyrant flycatchers are a family of passerine birds which occur throughout North and South America. They are considered the largest family of birds on Earth, with more than 400 species. They are the most diverse avian family in every country in the Americas, except for the United States and...

s are passerine

Passerine

A passerine is a bird of the order Passeriformes, which includes more than half of all bird species. Sometimes known as perching birds or, less accurately, as songbirds, the passerines form one of the most diverse terrestrial vertebrate orders: with over 5,000 identified species, it has roughly...

 birds which occur throughout North and South America. They superficially resemble the Old World flycatchers, but are more robust with stronger bills. They do not have the sophisticated vocal capabilities of the songbirds. Most, but not all, have plain colouring. As the name implies, most are insectivorous. There are 429 species worldwide, all found only in the Americas and 67 species which occur in Nicaragua.

• Yellow-bellied Tyrannulet
  Yellow-bellied Tyrannulet
  The Yellow-bellied Tyrannulet is a species of bird in the Tyrannidae family.It is found in Belize, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, and Nicaragua....
  
   Ornithion semiflavum
• Northern Beardless-Tyrannulet Camptostoma imberbe
• Yellow Tyrannulet
  Yellow Tyrannulet
  The Yellow Tyrannulet, Capsiempis flaveola, is a very small passerine bird in the tyrant flycatcher family. It breeds from Nicaragua south to northeastern Argentina and southeastern Brazil...
  
   Capsiempis flaveola
• Greenish Elaenia
  Greenish Elaenia
  The Greenish Elaenia is a species of bird in the Tyrannidae family, the tyrant flycatchers.It is found in Argentina, Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, the United States, and Venezuela.Its...
  
   Myiopagis viridicata
• Yellow-bellied Elaenia
  Yellow-bellied Elaenia
  The Yellow-bellied Elaenia, Elaenia flavogaster, is a small bird of the tyrant flycatcher family. It breeds from southern Mexico and the Yucatán Peninsula through Central and South America as far as northern Argentina, and on Trinidad and Tobago....
  
   Elaenia flavogaster
• Mountain Elaenia
  Mountain Elaenia
  The Mountain Elaenia, Elaenia frantzii, is a small passerine bird in the tyrant flycatcher family. It breeds in highlands from Guatemala to Colombia and western Venezuela. The scientific name celebrates the German physician and naturalist, Alexander von Frantzius.This tyrant flycatcher is 14-15...
  
   Elaenia frantzii
• Ochre-bellied Flycatcher
  Ochre-bellied Flycatcher
  The Ochre-bellied Flycatcher, Mionectes oleagineus, is a small bird of the tyrant flycatcher family. It breeds from southern Mexico through Central America, and South America east of the Andes as far as southern Brazil, and on Trinidad and Tobago....
  
   Mionectes oleagineus
• Sepia-capped Flycatcher
  Sepia-capped Flycatcher
  The Sepia-capped Flycatcher is a species of bird in the Tyrannidae family.It is found in Argentina, Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela...
  
   Leptopogon amaurocephalus
• Paltry Tyrannulet Zimmerius vilissimus
• Northern Bentbill
  Northern Bentbill
  The Northern Bentbill is a species of bird in the Tyrannidae family.It is found in Belize, Colombia, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, and Panama....
  
   Oncostoma cinereigulare
• Slate-headed Tody-Tyrant Poecilotriccus sylvia
• Common Tody-Flycatcher
  Common Tody-Flycatcher
  The Common Tody-Flycatcher or Black-fronted Tody-Flycatcher, Todirostrum cinereum, is a very small passerine bird in the tyrant flycatcher family. It breeds from southern Mexico to northwestern Peru, eastern Bolivia and southern Brazil....
  
   Todirostrum cinereum
• Eye-ringed Flatbill
  Eye-ringed Flatbill
  The Eye-ringed Flatbill is a species of bird in the Tyrannidae family.It is found in Belize, Colombia, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, and Panama....
  
   Rhynchocyclus brevirostris
• Yellow-olive Flycatcher
  Yellow-olive Flycatcher
  The Yellow-olive Flatbill or Yellow-olive Flycatcher is a species of bird in the Tyrannidae family. It is found in tropical and subtopical forest and woodland in Central and South America, but over its range there are significant variations in plumage, iris-colour and voice, leading to...
  
   Tolmomyias sulphurescens
• Stub-tailed Spadebill
  Stub-tailed Spadebill
  The Stub-tailed Spadebill is a species of bird in the Tyrannidae family.It is found in Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, and Panama....
  
   Platyrinchus cancrominus
• Golden-crowned Spadebill
  Golden-crowned Spadebill
  The Golden-crowned Spadebill is a species of bird in the Tyrannidae family.It is found in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela....
  
   Platyrinchus coronatus
• White-throated Spadebill
  White-throated Spadebill
  The White-throated Spadebill, Platyrinchus mystaceus, is a tiny passerine bird in the tyrant flycatcher family. It lives in the tropical Americas.-Description:...
  
   Platyrinchus mystaceus
• Northern Royal-Flycatcher Onychorhynchus mexicanus
• Ruddy-tailed Flycatcher
  Ruddy-tailed Flycatcher
  The Ruddy-tailed Flycatcher, Terenotriccus erythrurus, is a small passerine bird in the tyrant flycatcher family. It breeds in lowlands from southeastern Mexico to northern Bolivia, north-central Brazil and the Guianas...
  
   Terenotriccus erythrurus
• Tawny-breasted Flycatcher
  Tawny-breasted Flycatcher
  The Tawny-breasted Myiobius or Tawny-breasted Flycatcher is a species of bird in the Tyrannidae family.It is found in Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Panama, Peru, and Venezuela....
  
   Myiobius villosus
• Sulphur-rumped Flycatcher
  Sulphur-rumped Flycatcher
  The Sulphur-rumped Myiobius or Sulphur-rumped Flycatcher is a species of bird in the Tyrannidae family.It is found in Belize, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, and Panama....
  
   Myiobius sulphureipygius
• Tawny-chested Flycatcher
  Tawny-chested Flycatcher
  The Tawny-chested Flycatcher or Salvin's Flycatcher, Aphanotriccus capitalis, is a small passerine bird in the tyrant flycatcher family...
  
   Aphanotriccus capitalis
• Tufted Flycatcher
  Tufted Flycatcher
  The Northern Tufted Flycatcher, Mitrephanes phaeocercus, is a small passerine bird in the tyrant flycatcher family. It breeds in highlands from northwestern Mexico to northwestern Ecuador...
  
   Mitrephanes phaeocercus
• Olive-sided Flycatcher
  Olive-sided Flycatcher
  The Olive-sided Flycatcher, Contopus cooperi, is a passerine bird. It is a medium-sized tyrant flycatcher.- Description :Adults are dark olive on the face, upperparts and flanks. They have light underparts, a large dark bill and a short tail....
  
   Contopus cooperi
• Greater Pewee
  Greater Pewee
  The Greater Pewee, Contopus pertinax, is a passerine bird. It is a medium-sized tyrant flycatcher.Adults are dark olive on the face, upperparts and flanks. They have dull gray underparts, a large dark bill and a short tail...
  
   Contopus pertinax
• Western Wood-Pewee Contopus sordidulus
• Eastern Wood-Pewee Contopus virens
• Tropical Pewee
  Tropical Pewee
  The Tropical Pewee, Contopus cinereus, is a small passerine bird in the tyrant flycatcher family. It breeds from southern Mexico and Trinidad south to Bolivia and Argentina...
  
   Contopus cinereus
• Yellow-bellied Flycatcher
  Yellow-bellied Flycatcher
  The Yellow-bellied Flycatcher is a small insect-eating bird of the tyrant flycatcher family.Adults have brownish-olive upperparts, darker on the wings and tail, with yellowish underparts; they have a white eye ring, white wing bars, a small bill and a short tail...
  
   Empidonax flaviventris
• Acadian Flycatcher
  Acadian Flycatcher
  The Acadian Flycatcher is a small insect-eating bird of the tyrant flycatcher family.- Description :Adults have olive upperparts, darker on the wings and tail, with whitish underparts; they have a white eye ring, white wing bars and a wide bill. The breast is washed with olive. The upper part of...
  
   Empidonax virescens
• Alder Flycatcher
  Alder Flycatcher
  The Alder Flycatcher, Empidonax alnorum, is a small insect-eating bird of the tyrant flycatcher family.Adults have olive-brown upperparts, browner on the wings and tail, with whitish underparts; they have a white eye ring, white wing bars, a small bill and a short tail. The breast is washed with...
  
   Empidonax alnorum
• Willow Flycatcher
  Willow Flycatcher
  The Willow Flycatcher is a small insect-eating bird of the tyrant flycatcher family.Adults have brown-olive upperparts, darker on the wings and tail, with whitish underparts; they have an indistinct white eye ring, white wing bars and a small bill. The breast is washed with olive-grey. The upper...
  
   Empidonax traillii
• White-throated Flycatcher
  White-throated Flycatcher
  The White-throated Flycatcher is a species of bird in the Tyrannidae family.It is found in Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, and Panama....
  
   Empidonax albigularis
• Least Flycatcher
  Least Flycatcher
  The Least Flycatcher , , is a small insect-eating bird...
  
   Empidonax minimus
• Hammond's Flycatcher
  Hammond's Flycatcher
  Hammond's Flycatcher, Empidonax hammondii is a small insect-eating bird. It is a small Empidonax flycatcher, with typical size ranging from 12.5-14.5 cm....
  
   Empidonax hammondii
• Yellowish Flycatcher
  Yellowish Flycatcher
  The Yellowish Flycatcher, Empidonax flavescens, is a small passerine bird in the tyrant flycatcher family. It breeds in highlands from southeastern Mexico south to western Panama....
  
   Empidonax flavescens
• Black Phoebe
  Black Phoebe
  The Black Phoebe, Sayornis nigricans, is a passerine bird in the tyrant-flycatcher family. It breeds from southwest Oregon and California south through Central and South America. It occurs year-round throughout most of its range and migrates less than the other birds in its genus, though its...
  
   Sayornis nigricans
• Vermilion Flycatcher
  Vermilion Flycatcher
  The Vermilion Flycatcher is a small passerine bird in the Tyrannidae, or tyrant flycatcher family. Most flycatchers are rather drab, but the Vermilion Flycatcher is a striking exception...
  
   Pyrocephalus rubinus
• Long-tailed Tyrant
  Long-tailed Tyrant
  The Long-tailed Tyrant is a species of bird in the Tyrannidae family, the only member of genus Colonia.It is found in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela.Its natural habitats are...
  
   Colonia colonus
• Bright-rumped Attila
  Bright-rumped Attila
  The Bright-rumped Attila or Polymorphic Attila, Attila spadiceus, is a small passerine bird in the tyrant flycatcher family...
  
   Attila spadiceus
• Speckled Mourner
  Speckled Mourner
  The Speckled Mourner is a species of bird in the Tityridae family. It has traditionally been placed in the cotinga family, but evidence strongly suggest it is better placed in Tityridae, where now placed by SACC....
  
   Laniocera rufescens
• Rufous Mourner
  Rufous Mourner
  The Rufous Mourner, Rhytipterna holerythra, is a small passerine bird in the tyrant flycatcher family. It breeds from southwestern Mexico to northwestern Ecuador...
  
   Rhytipterna holerythra
• Dusky-capped Flycatcher
  Dusky-capped Flycatcher
  The Dusky-capped Flycatcher, Myiarchus tuberculifer, is a passerine bird in the tyrant flycatcher family. It breeds in forest and other woodland from southern Arizona, as well as the Chisos Mountains, Texas, south to northern Argentina and on Trinidad...
  
   Myiarchus tuberculifer
• Ash-throated Flycatcher
  Ash-throated Flycatcher
  The Ash-throated Flycatcher, Myiarchus cinerascens, is a passerine bird in the tyrant flycatcher family. It breeds in desert scrub, riparian forest, brushy pastures and open woodland from the western United States to central Mexico. It is a short-distance migrant, retreating from most of the U.S....
  
   Myiarchus cinerascens (A)
• Nutting's Flycatcher
  Nutting's Flycatcher
  Nutting's Flycatcher, Myiarchus nuttingi, is a passerine bird in the tyrant flycatcher family. It breeds in semi-arid desert scrub and tropical deciduous forest from western Mexico to northwest Costa Rica...
  
   Myiarchus nuttingi
• Great Crested Flycatcher
  Great Crested Flycatcher
  The Great Crested Flycatcher is a large insect-eating bird of the tyrant flycatcher family. It is the most widespread member of the genus, Myiarchus, in North America and is found over most of the eastern and mid-western portions of the continent...
  
   Myiarchus crinitus
• Brown-crested Flycatcher
  Brown-crested Flycatcher
  The Brown-crested Flycatcher is a passerine bird in the tyrant flycatcher family. It breeds in open woodland from southern California, southern Nevada, central Arizona, and southern Texas southward to Argentina and Bolivia, and on Trinidad and Tobago...
  
   Myiarchus tyrannulus
• Great Kiskadee
  Great Kiskadee
  The Great Kiskadee, Pitangus sulphuratus, is a passerine bird. It is a large tyrant flycatcher; sometimes its genus Pitangus is considered monotypic, with the Lesser Kiskadee The Great Kiskadee, Pitangus sulphuratus, is a passerine bird. It is a large tyrant flycatcher; sometimes its genus Pitangus...
  
   Pitangus sulphuratus
• Boat-billed Flycatcher
  Boat-billed Flycatcher
  The Boat-billed Flycatcher is a passerine bird. It is a large tyrant flycatcher, the only member, monotypic, of the genus Megarynchus....
  
   Megarynchus pitangua
• Social Flycatcher
  Social Flycatcher
  The Social Flycatcher and Vermilion-crowned Flycatcher are passerine birds from the Americas, a member of the large tyrant flycatcher family ....
  
   Myiozetetes similis
• Gray-capped Flycatcher Myiozetetes granadensis
• Sulphur-bellied Flycatcher
  Sulphur-bellied Flycatcher
  The Sulphur-bellied Flycatcher, Myiodynastes luteiventris, is a large Tyrant flycatcher. This bird breeds from southeasternmost Arizona of the United States-, to Costa Rica...
  
   Myiodynastes luteiventris
• Piratic Flycatcher
  Piratic Flycatcher
  The Piratic Flycatcher, Legatus leucophaius, is a passerine bird, the only member of the genus Legatus. It is a resident breeder from southern Mexico and Trinidad south to Bolivia and Argentina...
  
   Legatus leucophaius
• Tropical Kingbird
  Tropical Kingbird
  The Tropical Kingbird is a large tyrant flycatcher. This bird breeds from southern Arizona and the lower Rio Grande Valley of Texas in the USA through Central America, South America as far as south as central Argentina and western Peru, and on Trinidad and Tobago...
  
   Tyrannus melancholicus
• Couch's Kingbird
  Couch's Kingbird
  The Couch's Kingbird, Tyrannus couchii, is a passerine tyrant flycatcher of the kingbird genus. It is found from southern Texas along the Gulf Coast to the Yucatan Peninsula in Mexico, Belize and northern Guatemala...
  
   Tyrannus couchii
• Western Kingbird
  Western Kingbird
  The Western Kingbird is a large tyrant flycatcher.Adults are grey-olive on the upperparts with a grey head and a dark line through the eyes; the underparts are light becoming light orange-yellow on the lower breast and belly. They have a long black tail with white outer feathers...
  
   Tyrannus verticalis
• Eastern Kingbird
  Eastern Kingbird
  The Eastern Kingbird, Tyrannus tyrannus, is a large Tyrant flycatcher.Adults are grey-black on the upperparts with light underparts; they have a long black tail with a white end and long pointed wings. They have a red patch on their crown, seldom seen...
  
   Tyrannus tyrannus
• Gray Kingbird
  Gray Kingbird
  The Gray Kingbird, also known as Pitirre, Tyrannus dominicensis, is a passerine bird. It breeds from the extreme southeast of the USA through Central America, from Cuba to Puerto Rico as well as eastward towards all across the Lesser West Indies, south to Venezuela, Trinidad, Tobago the Guiana and...
  
   Tyrannus dominicensis (A)
• Scissor-tailed Flycatcher
  Scissor-tailed Flycatcher
  The Scissor-tailed Flycatcher is a long-tailed insectivorous bird of the genus, whose members are collectively referred to as kingbirds. The kingbirds are a group of large insectivorous birds in the tyrant flycatcher family...
  
   Tyrannus forficatus
• Fork-tailed Flycatcher
  Fork-tailed Flycatcher
  The Fork-tailed Flycatcher, Tyrannus savana, is a passerine bird of the tyrant flycatcher family, and is the member of a genus typically referred to as kingbirds.-Description and ecology:...
  
   Tyrannus savana
• Cinnamon Becard
  Cinnamon Becard
  The Cinnamon Becard, Pachyramphus cinnamomeus, is a passerine bird which is a resident breeding species from southeastern Mexico south to northwestern Ecuador and northwestern Venezuela. It was recently found to be far more common on the Amazonian slope of the Colombian Cordillera Oriental than...
  
   Pachyramphus cinnamomeus
• White-winged Becard
  White-winged Becard
  The White-winged Becard is a species of bird in the Tityridae family. It has traditionally been placed in Cotingidae or Tyrannidae, but evidence strongly suggest it is better placed in Tityridae. where now placed by SACC...
  
   Pachyramphus polychopterus
• Gray-collared Becard Pachyramphus major
• Black-and-white Becard
  Black-and-white Becard
  The Black-and-white Becard is a species of bird in the Tityridae family. It has traditionally been placed in Cotingidae or Tyrannidae, but evidence strongly suggest it is better placed in Tityridae, where now placed by SACC.It is found in Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Guatemala, Nicaragua,...
  
   Pachyramphus albogriseus
• Rose-throated Becard
  Rose-throated Becard
  The Rose-throated Becard is a medium-sized member of the Tityridae family. Its genus, Pachyramphus, has traditionally been placed in Cotingidae or Tyrannidae, but evidence strongly suggest it is better placed in Tityridae....
  
   Pachyramphus aglaiae
• Masked Tityra
  Masked Tityra
  The Masked Tityra is a medium-sized passerine bird. It has traditionally been placed in the cotinga or the tyrant flycatcher family, but evidence strongly suggest it is better placed in Tityridae, where now placed by SACC...
  
   Tityra semifasciata
• Black-crowned Tityra
  Black-crowned Tityra
  The Black-crowned Tityra is a medium-sized passerine bird. It has traditionally been placed in the cotinga or the tyrant flycatcher family, but evidence strongly suggest it is better placed in Tityridae, where now placed by SACC....
  
   Tityra inquisitor

Swallows and martins

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Hirundinidae

The Hirundinidae family is a group of passerines characterized by their adaptation to aerial feeding. Their adaptations include a slender streamlined body, long pointed wings and short bills with wide gape. The feet are designed for perching rather than walking, and the front toes are partially joined at the base. There are 75 species worldwide and 11 species which occur in Nicaragua.

• Purple Martin
  Purple Martin
  The Purple Martin is the largest North American swallow. These aerial acrobats have speed and agility in flight, and when approaching their housing, will dive from the sky at great speeds with their wings tucked.-Description and taxonomy:...
  
   Progne subis
• Gray-breasted Martin
  Gray-breasted Martin
  The Gray-breasted Martin, Progne chalybea, is a large swallow.The nominate race P. c. chalybea breeds from Mexico through Central America south to central Brazil, and on Trinidad. P. c. macrorhamphus breeds further south in South America to central Argentina...
  
   Progne chalybea
• Tree Swallow
  Tree Swallow
  The Tree Swallow, Tachycineta bicolor, is a migratory passerine bird that breeds in North America and winters in Mexico, Central America and the Caribbean. It is a very rare vagrant to western Europe....
  
   Tachycineta bicolor
• Mangrove Swallow
  Mangrove Swallow
  The Mangrove Swallow, Tachycineta albilinea, is a passerine bird that breeds in coastal regions from Mexico through Central America to Panama. It is non-migratory, but may make seasonal movements....
  
   Tachycineta albilinea
• Violet-green Swallow
  Violet-green Swallow
  The Violet-green Swallow, Tachycineta thalassina, is a small North American swallow.Their breeding habitat is semi-open areas in western North America from Alaska to Mexico...
  
   Tachycineta thalassina (A)
• Blue-and-white Swallow
  Blue-and-white Swallow
  The Blue-and-white Swallow is a passerine bird that breeds from Nicaragua south throughout South America, except in the deserts and the Amazon Basin. The southern race is migratory, wintering as far north as Trinidad, where it is a regular visitor...
  
   Notiochelidon cyanoleuca (A)
• Northern Rough-winged Swallow
  Northern Rough-winged Swallow
  The Northern Rough-winged Swallow is a small swallow.Adults are 13–15 cm in length, brown on top with light underparts and a forked tail. They are similar in appearance to the Bank Swallow but have a dusky throat and breast...
  
   Stelgidopteryx serripennis
• Southern Rough-winged Swallow
  Southern Rough-winged Swallow
  The Southern Rough-winged Swallow , Stelgidopteryx ruficollis, is a small swallow. It was first formally described as Hirundo ruficollis by French ornithologist Louis Vieillot in 1817 in his Nouveau Dictionnaire d'Histoire Naturelle....
  
   Stelgidopteryx ruficollis
• Bank Swallow Riparia riparia
• Cliff Swallow
  Cliff Swallow
  The Cliff Swallow is a member of the passerine bird family Hirundinidae — the swallows and martins.It breeds in North America, and is migratory, wintering in western South America from Venezuela southwards to northeast Argentina...
  
   Petrochelidon pyrrhonota
• Barn Swallow
  Barn Swallow
  The Barn Swallow is the most widespread species of swallow in the world. It is a distinctive passerine bird with blue upperparts, a long, deeply forked tail and curved, pointed wings. It is found in Europe, Asia, Africa and the Americas...
  
   Hirundo rustica

Waxwings

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Bombycillidae

The waxwing

Waxwing

The waxwings form the genus Bombycilla of passerine birds. According to most authorities, this is the only genus placed in the family Bombycillidae.-Description:Waxwings are characterised by soft silky plumage...

s are a group of passerine birds characterized by soft silky plumage and unique red tips to some of the wing feathers. In the Bohemian and Cedar Waxwings, these tips look like sealing wax, and give the group its name. These are arboreal birds of northern forests. They live on insects in summer and berries in winter. There are 3 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Nicaragua.

• Cedar Waxwing
  Cedar Waxwing
  The Cedar Waxwing is a member of the family Bombycillidae or waxwing family of passerine birds. It breeds in open wooded areas in North America, principally southern Canada and the northern United States.-Description:...
  
   Bombycilla cedrorum

Dippers

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Cinclidae

Dippers are a group of perching birds whose habitat includes aquatic environments in the Americas, Europe, and Asia. They are named for their bobbing or dipping movements. There are 5 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Nicaragua.

• American Dipper
  American Dipper
  The American Dipper , also known as a Water Ouzel, is a stocky dark grey bird with a head sometimes tinged with brown, and white feathers on the eyelids cause the eyes to flash white as the bird blinks. It is 16.5 cm long and weighs on average 46 g...
  
   Cinclus mexicanus

Wrens

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Troglodytidae

The wren

Wren

The wrens are passerine birds in the mainly New World family Troglodytidae. There are approximately 80 species of true wrens in approximately 20 genera....

s are mainly small and inconspicuous except for their loud songs. These birds have short wings and a thin down-turned bill. Several species often hold their tails upright. All are insectivorous. There are 80 species worldwide (of which all but one are New World species) and 18 species which occur in Nicaragua.

• Band-backed Wren
  Band-backed Wren
  The Band-backed Wren, Campylorhynchus zonatus, is a small songbird of the wren family.The Band-backed Wren is a resident breeding species from south-central Gulf Coast Mexico to northwestern Ecuador. It occurs in five disjunct areas, the central region being in southern Central America, in Costa...
  
   Campylorhynchus zonatus
• Rufous-naped Wren
  Rufous-naped Wren
  The Rufous-naped Wren, Campylorhynchus rufinucha, is a songbird of the Troglodytidae family, the wrens. It is a resident breeding species from central-southwest Mexico to northwestern Costa Rica....
  
   Campylorhynchus rufinucha
• Rock Wren
  Rock Wren
  The Rock Wren is a small songbird of the wren family. It is the only species in the genus Salpinctes.The 12 cm long adults have grey-brown upperparts with small black and white spots and pale grey underparts with a light brown rump...
  
   Salpinctes obsoletus
• Black-throated Wren
  Black-throated Wren
  The Black-throated Wren is a species of bird in the Troglodytidae family.It is found in Costa Rica, Nicaragua, and Panama....
  
   Thryothorus atrogularis
• Spot-breasted Wren
  Spot-breasted Wren
  The Spot-breasted Wren is a species of bird in the Troglodytidae family.It is found in Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, and Nicaragua....
  
   Thryothorus maculipectus
• Bay Wren
  Bay Wren
  The Bay Wren is a species of bird in the Troglodytidae family.It is found in Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Nicaragua, and Panama....
  
   Thryothorus nigricapillus
• Stripe-breasted Wren
  Stripe-breasted Wren
  The Stripe-breasted Wren is a species of bird in the Troglodytidae family.It is found in Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, and Panama....
  
   Thryothorus thoracicus
• Banded Wren
  Banded Wren
  The Banded Wren, Pheugopedius pleurostictus, is a small songbird of the wren family. It is a resident breeding species from central Mexico to Costa Rica. It was formerly placed in the genus Thryothorus ....
  
   Thryothorus pleurostictus
• Carolina Wren
  Carolina Wren
  The Carolina Wren is a common species of wren, resident in the eastern half of the USA, the extreme south of Ontario, Canada, and the extreme northeast of Mexico...
  
   Thryothorus ludovicianus
• Rufous-and-white Wren
  Rufous-and-white Wren
  The Rufous-and-white Wren, Thryophilus rufalbus, is a small songbird of the wren family. It is a resident breeding species from southwesternmost Mexico to northern Colombia and northwestern Venezuela...
  
   Thryothorus rufalbus
• Plain Wren
  Plain Wren
  The Plain Wren is a species of bird in the Troglodytidae family.It is found in Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, and Panama....
  
   Thryothorus modestus
• House Wren
  House Wren
  The House Wren, Troglodytes aedon, is a very small songbird of the wren family, Troglodytidae. It occurs from Canada to southernmost South America, and is thus the most widely distributed bird in the Americas. It occurs in most suburban areas in its range and it is the single most common wren...
  
   Troglodytes aedon
• Rufous-browed Wren
  Rufous-browed Wren
  The Rufous-browed Wren is a species of bird in the Troglodytidae family. It is found in El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, and Nicaragua. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests....
  
   Troglodytes rufociliatus
• Sedge Wren
  Sedge Wren
  The Sedge Wren, Cistothorus platensis, is a small songbird of the Wren family. It was formerly known as the Short-billed Marsh Wren, and in South America is known as the Grass Wren. There are about 20 different subspecies which are found across most of the Americas...
  
   Cistothorus platensis
• White-breasted Wood-Wren
  White-breasted Wood-Wren
  The White-breasted Wood-Wren, Henicorhina leucosticta, is a small songbird of the wren family. It is a resident breeding species from central Mexico to northeastern Peru and Surinam.-Description:...
  
   Henicorhina leucosticta
• Gray-breasted Wood-Wren Henicorhina leucophrys
• Nightingale Wren Microcerculus philomela
• Song Wren
  Song Wren
  The Song Wren is a species of bird in the Troglodytidae family.It is found in Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Panama. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests....
  
   Cyphorhinus phaeocephalus

Mockingbirds and thrashers

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Mimidae

The mimids are a family of passerine birds that includes thrasher

Thrasher

Thrashers are a New World group of passerine birds related to mockingbirds and New World catbirds. Like these, they are in the Mimidae family. There are 15 species in one large and 4 monotypic genera.These do not form a clade but are a phenetic assemblage...

s, mockingbird

Mockingbird

Mockingbirds are a group of New World passerine birds from the Mimidae family. They are best known for the habit of some species mimicking the songs of other birds and the sounds of insects and amphibians, often loudly and in rapid succession. There are about 17 species in three genera...

s, trembler

Trembler

Tremblers are a New World group of passerine birds related to mockingbirds and New World catbirds. Like these, they are in the Mimidae family. There are 2-4 species in one genus, Cinclocerthia:...

s, and the New World catbirds. These birds are notable for their vocalizations, especially their ability to mimic a wide variety of birds and other sounds heard outdoors. Their colouring tends towards dull greys and browns . There are 35 species worldwide and 2 species which occur in Nicaragua.

• Gray Catbird
  Gray Catbird
  The Gray Catbird , also spelled Grey Catbird, is a medium-sized northern American perching bird of the mimid family. It is the only member of the "catbird" genus Dumetella...
  
   Dumetella carolinensis
• Tropical Mockingbird
  Tropical Mockingbird
  The Tropical Mockingbird, Mimus gilvus, is a resident breeding bird from southern Mexico south to northern Brazil, and in the Lesser Antilles and other Caribbean islands. The birds in Panama and Trinidad may have been introduced. The Northern Mockingbird is its closest living relative, but the...
  
   Mimus gilvus

Thrushes and allies

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Turdidae

The thrushes

Thrush (bird)

The thrushes, family Turdidae, are a group of passerine birds that occur worldwide.-Characteristics:Thrushes are plump, soft-plumaged, small to medium-sized birds, inhabiting wooded areas, and often feed on the ground or eat small fruit. The smallest thrush may be the Forest Rock-thrush, at and...

 are a group of passerine birds that occur mainly in the Old World. They are plump, soft plumaged, small to medium-sized insectivores or sometimes omnivores, often feeding on the ground. Many have attractive songs. There are 335 species worldwide and 13 species which occur in Nicaragua.

• Eastern Bluebird
  Eastern Bluebird
  The Eastern Bluebird, Sialia sialis, is a small thrush found in open woodlands, farmlands and orchards, and most recently can be spotted in suburban areas. It is the state bird of Missouri and New York....
  
   Sialia sialis
• Slate-colored Solitaire Myadestes unicolor
• Orange-billed Nightingale-Thrush
  Orange-billed Nightingale-thrush
  The Orange-billed Nightingale-thrush is a species of bird in the Turdidae family.It is found in Colombia, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Trinidad and Tobago, and Venezuela....
  
   Catharus aurantiirostris
• Ruddy-capped Nightingale-Thrush
  Ruddy-capped Nightingale-thrush
  The Ruddy-capped Nightingale-thrush is a small thrush which is a resident breeder in mountain forests from central Mexico to western Panama. A predominantly brown-plumaged bird, it has a rich song.-Taxonomy and naming:...
  
   Catharus frantzii
• Black-headed Nightingale-Thrush
  Black-headed Nightingale-thrush
  The Black-headed Nightingale-thrush is a species of bird in the Turdidae family. It is found in Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, and Panama....
  
   Catharus mexicanus
• Spotted Nightingale-Thrush
  Spotted Nightingale-thrush
  The Spotted Nightingale-thrush is a species of bird in the Turdidae family.It is found in Argentina, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Peru, and Venezuela....
  
   Catharus dryas
• Veery
  Veery
  The Veery, Catharus fuscescens, is a small thrush species. It is occasionally called Willow Thrush or Wilson's Thrush. It is a member of a close-knit group of migrant Catharus species, which also includes the cryptotaxa Grey-cheeked Thrush and Bicknell's Thrush The Veery, Catharus fuscescens, is a...
  
   Catharus fuscescens
• Gray-cheeked Thrush
  Gray-cheeked Thrush
  The Grey-cheeked Thrush, Catharus minimus, is a medium-sized thrush. This species is 15–17 cm in length, and has the white-dark-white underwing pattern characteristic of Catharus thrushes. It is a member of a close-knit group of migrant species together with the Veery and Bicknell's Thrush ;...
  
   Catharus minimus
• Swainson's Thrush
  Swainson's Thrush
  Swainson's Thrush , also called Olive-backed Thrush, is a medium-sized thrush. This species is 16–18 cm in length, and has the white-dark-white underwing pattern characteristic of Catharus thrushes...
  
   Catharus ustulatus
• Wood Thrush
  Wood Thrush
  The Wood Thrush, Hylocichla mustelina, is a North American passerine bird. It is closely related to other thrushes such as the American Robin and is widely distributed across North America, wintering in Central America and southern Mexico...
  
   Hylocichla mustelina
• Mountain Robin Turdus plebejus
• Clay-colored Robin Turdus grayi
• White-throated Thrush
  White-throated Thrush
  The White-throated Thrush is a species of bird in the Turdidae family.It is found in Belize, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, and the United States....
  
   Turdus assimilis

Gnatcatchers

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Polioptilidae

These dainty birds resemble Old World warblers in their build and habits, moving restlessly through the foliage seeking insects. The gnatcatchers and gnatwrens are mainly soft bluish grey in colour, and have the typical insectivore's long sharp bill. They are birds of fairly open woodland or scrub, and nest in bushes or trees. There are 15 species worldwide and 4 species which occur in Nicaragua.

• Tawny-faced Gnatwren
  Tawny-faced Gnatwren
  The Tawny-faced Gnatwren is a species of bird in the Polioptilidae family.It is found in Bolivia, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests.-References:* BirdLife...
  
   Microbates cinereiventris
• Long-billed Gnatwren
  Long-billed Gnatwren
  The Long-billed Gnatwren is a very small bird in the gnatcatcher family. It is the only member of the genus Ramphocaenus ....
  
   Ramphocaenus melanurus
• White-lored Gnatcatcher
  White-lored Gnatcatcher
  The White-lored Gnatcatcher is a species of bird in the Polioptilidae family.It is found in Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, and Nicaragua....
  
   Polioptila albiloris
• Tropical Gnatcatcher
  Tropical Gnatcatcher
  The Tropical Gnatcatcher is a small active insectivorous songbird, which is a resident species throughout a large part of the Neotropics...
  
   Polioptila plumbea

Treecreepers

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Certhiidae

Treecreepers are small woodland birds, brown above and white below. They have thin pointed down-curved bills, which they use to extricate insects from bark. They have stiff tail feathers, like woodpeckers, which they use to support themselves on vertical trees. There are 6 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Nicaragua.

• Brown Creeper
  Brown Creeper
  -Description:Adults are brown on the upperparts with light spotting, resembling a piece of tree bark, with white underparts. They have a long thin bill with a slight downward curve and a long tail. The male creeper has a slightly larger bill than the female...
  
   Certhia americana

Crows, jays, ravens and magpies

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Corvidae

Corvidae

Corvidae is a cosmopolitan family of oscine passerine birds that contains the crows, ravens, rooks, jackdaws, jays, magpies, treepies, choughs and nutcrackers. The common English names used are corvids or the crow family , and there are over 120 species...

The Corvidae family includes crow

Crow

Crows form the genus Corvus in the family Corvidae. Ranging in size from the relatively small pigeon-size jackdaws to the Common Raven of the Holarctic region and Thick-billed Raven of the highlands of Ethiopia, the 40 or so members of this genus occur on all temperate continents and several...

s, raven

Raven

Raven is the common name given to several larger-bodied members of the genus Corvus—but in Europe and North America the Common Raven is normally implied...

s, jay

Jay

The jays are several species of medium-sized, usually colorful and noisy, passerine birds in the crow family Corvidae. The names jay and magpie are somewhat interchangeable, and the evolutionary relationships are rather complex...

s, chough

Chough

The Red-billed Chough or Chough , Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, is a bird in the crow family; it is one of only two species in the genus Pyrrhocorax...

s, magpie

Magpie

Magpies are passerine birds of the crow family, Corvidae.In Europe, "magpie" is often used by English speakers as a synonym for the European Magpie, as there are no other magpies in Europe outside Iberia...

s, treepie

Treepie

The treepies comprise four closely related genera of long-tailed passerine birds in the family Corvidae...

s, nutcracker

Nutcracker (bird)

The nutcrackers are a genus of two species of passerine bird, in the family Corvidae, related to the jays and crows. One, the Spotted Nutcracker , occurs in Europe and Asia, the other, Clark's Nutcracker , in western North America.The most important food resources for both these species are the...

s, and ground jay

Ground jay

The ground jays or ground choughs belong to a distinct group of the passerine order of birds in the genus Podoces of the crow family Corvidae...

s. Corvids are above average in size for the bird order Passeriformes. Some of the larger species show high levels of learning behavior. There are 120 species worldwide and 6 species which occur in Nicaragua.

• Steller's Jay
  Steller's Jay
  The Steller's Jay is a jay native to western North America, closely related to the Blue Jay found in the rest of the continent, but with a black head and upper body. It is also known as the Long-crested Jay, Mountain Jay, and Pine Jay...
  
   Cyanocitta stelleri
• White-throated Magpie-Jay
  White-throated Magpie-jay
  The White-throated Magpie-Jay, Calocitta formosa, is a large Central American jay species. It ranges in Pacific-slope thornforest from Jalisco, Mexico to Guanacaste, Costa Rica. Magpie-jays are noisy, gregarious birds, often traveling in easy-to-find flocks, mobbing their...
  
   Calocitta formosa
• Brown Jay
  Brown Jay
  The Brown Jay is a large American Jay which has the habitus of a magpie, but is slightly smaller and with a shorter tail, though the bill is larger.It occurs from Mexico south into Central America on the Gulf slope...
  
   Cyanocorax morio
• Bushy-crested Jay
  Bushy-crested Jay
  The Bushy-crested Jay is a species of bird in the Corvidae family. It is found in El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist montanes and heavily degraded former forest.-References:* BirdLife International 2004. . Downloaded on 25...
  
   Cyanocorax melanocyaneus
• Azure-hooded Jay
  Azure-hooded Jay
  The Azure-hooded Jay, Cyanolyca cucullata, is a species of bird in the Corvidae family. It is found in Middle America. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forest. This species is known to have four subspecies. It is in length and is dark blue with a black head and upper...
  
   Cyanolyca cucullata
• Common Raven
  Common Raven
  The Common Raven , also known as the Northern Raven, is a large, all-black passerine bird. Found across the northern hemisphere, it is the most widely distributed of all corvids...
  
   Corvus corax

Vireos

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Vireonidae

The vireo

Vireo

The vireos are a group of small to medium-sized passerine birds restricted to the New World. They are typically dull-plumaged and greenish in color, the smaller species resembling wood warblers apart from their heavier bills...

s are a group of small to medium sized passerine birds restricted to the New World. They are typically greenish in colour and resemble wood warbler

Wood Warbler

The Wood Warbler is a common and widespread leaf warbler which breeds throughout northern and temperate Europe, and just into the extreme west of Asia in the southern Ural Mountains...

s apart from their heavier bills. There are 52 species worldwide and 15 species which occur in Nicaragua.

• White-eyed Vireo
  White-eyed Vireo
  The White-eyed Vireo, Vireo griseus, is a small songbird. It breeds in the southeastern USA from New Jersey west to northern Missouri and south to Texas and Florida, and also in eastern Mexico, northern Central America, Cuba and the Bahamas....
  
   Vireo griseus
• Thick-billed Vireo
  Thick-billed Vireo
  The Thick-billed Vireo, Vireo crassirostris, is a small songbird. It breeds in the West Indies in the Bahamas, Turks and Caicos Islands, Cayman Islands, Tortuga Island in Haiti and on cays off the coast of Cuba. It occasionally can be found as a vagrant to south Florida in the United States. The...
  
   Vireo crassirostris
• Mangrove Vireo
  Mangrove Vireo
  The Mangrove Vireo is a species of bird in the Vireonidae family.It is found in Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, and Nicaragua....
  
   Vireo pallens
• Bell's Vireo
  Bell's Vireo
  The Bell's Vireo is a small North American songbird. It is 4-3/4 to 5 inches in length, dull olive-gray above and whitish below...
  
   Vireo bellii (A)
• Yellow-throated Vireo
  Yellow-throated Vireo
  The Yellow-throated Vireo, Vireo flavifrons, is a small American songbird.Adults are mainly olive on the head and upperparts with a yellow throat and white belly; they have dark eyes with yellow "spectacles". The tail and wings are dark with white wing bars...
  
   Vireo flavifrons
• Blue-headed Vireo
  Blue-headed Vireo
  The Blue-headed Vireo is a Neotropical migrating song bird found in North and Central America. There are currently two recognized sub-species that belong to the Blue-headed Vireo. It has a range that extends across Canada and the eastern coast of the United-States, Mexico and some of Central America...
  
   Vireo solitarius
• Warbling Vireo
  Warbling Vireo
  The Warbling Vireo, Vireo gilvus, is a small North American songbird.Its breeding habitat is open deciduous and mixed woods from Alaska to Mexico and the Florida Panhandle. It often nests along streams. It migrates to Mexico and Central America....
  
   Vireo gilvus
• Brown-capped Vireo
  Brown-capped Vireo
  The Brown-capped Vireo, Vireo leucophrys, is a small passerine bird. It breeds in highlands from southern Mexico south to northwestern Bolivia. It is sometimes considered to be conspecific with the similar Warbling Vireo....
  
   Vireo leucophrys
• Philadelphia Vireo
  Philadelphia Vireo
  The Philadelphia Vireo, Vireo philadelphicus, is a small songbird.Adults are mainly olive-brown on the upperparts with yellow underparts; they have dark eyes and a grey crown. There is a dark line through the eyes and a white stripe just over them. They have thick blue-grey legs and a stout...
  
   Vireo philadelphicus
• Red-eyed Vireo
  Red-eyed Vireo
  The Red-eyed Vireo, Vireo olivaceus, is a small American songbird, 13–14 cm in length. It is somewhat warbler-like but not closely related to the New World warblers...
  
   Vireo olivaceus
• Yellow-green Vireo
  Yellow-green Vireo
  The Yellow-green Vireo, Vireo flavoviridis, is a small passerine bird. It breeds from southern Texas in the United States and the western and eastern mountain ranges of northern Mexico south to central Panama...
  
   Vireo flavoviridis
• Tawny-crowned Greenlet
  Tawny-crowned Greenlet
  The Tawny-crowned Greenlet is a species of bird in the Vireonidae family. It is found in Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela.Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist...
  
   Hylophilus ochraceiceps
• Lesser Greenlet
  Lesser Greenlet
  The Lesser Greenlet, Hylophilus decurtatus, is a small passerine bird in the vireo family. It breeds from northeastern Mexico south to western Ecuador....
  
   Hylophilus decurtatus
• Green Shrike-Vireo
  Green Shrike-vireo
  The Green Shrike-vireo is a species of bird in the Vireonidae family.It is found in Belize, Colombia, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, and Panama....
  
   Vireolanius pulchellus
• Rufous-browed Peppershrike
  Rufous-browed Peppershrike
  The Rufous-browed Peppershrike, Cyclarhis gujanensis, is a passerine bird in the vireo family. It is widespread and often common in woodland, forest edge, and cultivation with some tall trees from Mexico and Trinidad south to Argentina and Uruguay....
  
   Cyclarhis gujanensis

Olive Warbler

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Peucedramidae

The Olive Warbler is a small passerine bird, the only member of the family Peucedramidae. It is a long-winged bird with a grey body and some olive-green on the wings and two white wing bars. The male's head and breast are orange, the female's yellow.

• Olive Warbler
  Olive Warbler
  The Olive Warbler is a small passerine bird. It is the only member of the genus Peucedramus and the family Peucedramidae....
  
   Peucedramus taeniatus

New World warblers

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Parulidae

The New World warbler

New World warbler

The New World warblers or wood-warblers are a group of small, often colorful, passerine birds restricted to the New World. They are not related to the Old World warblers or the Australian warblers....

s are a group of small, often colourful, passerine birds restricted to the New World. Most are arboreal, but some are terrestrial. Most members of this family are insectivores. There are 119 species worldwide and 45 species which occur in Nicaragua.

• Blue-winged Warbler
  Blue-winged Warbler
  The Blue-winged Warbler, Vermivora cyanoptera, is a fairly common New World warbler, 11.5 cm long and weighing 8.5 g. It breeds in eastern North America in southern Ontario and the eastern USA. Its range is extending northwards, where it is replacing the very closely related...
  
   Vermivora pinus
• Golden-winged Warbler
  Golden-winged Warbler
  The Golden-winged Warbler, Vermivora chrysoptera, is a New World warbler, 11.6 cm long and weighing 8.5 g. It breeds in eastern North America, southeastern Canada and the eastern USA...
  
   Vermivora chrysoptera
• Tennessee Warbler
  Tennessee Warbler
  The Tennessee Warbler, Oreothlypis peregrina, is a New World warbler. It breeds in northern North America across Canada and the northern USA. It is migratory, wintering in southern Central America and northern Colombia and Venezuela, with a few stragglers going as far south as Ecuador. It is a...
  
   Vermivora peregrina
• Crescent-chested Warbler
  Crescent-chested Warbler
  The Crescent-chested Warbler is a small New World Warbler. It is generally uncommon in its native range of central Mexico, and accidental elsewhere....
  
   Parula superciliosa
• Northern Parula
  Northern Parula
  The Northern Parula, Parula americana, is a small New World warbler. It breeds in eastern North America from southern Canada to Florida....
  
   Parula americana
• Tropical Parula
  Tropical Parula
  The Tropical Parula is a small New World warbler. It breeds from southernmost Texas and northwest Mexico south through Central America to northern Argentina, including Trinidad and Tobago. This widespread and common species is not considered threatened by the IUCN.This passerine is not migratory,...
  
   Parula pitiayumi
• Yellow Warbler
  Yellow Warbler
  Dendroica petechia is a New World warbler species or superspecies; the subspecies group around D. aestiva is increasingly treated as good species Dendroica aestiva again. The name for the entire cryptic species complex is Mangrove Warbler, and another group of subspecies is known as Golden Warbler...
  
   Dendroica petechia
• Chestnut-sided Warbler
  Chestnut-sided Warbler
  The Chestnut-sided Warbler is a New World warbler. They breed in eastern North America and in southern Canada westwards to the Canadian Prairies...
  
   Dendroica pensylvanica
• Magnolia Warbler
  Magnolia Warbler
  Setophaga magnolia, commonly known as the Magnolia warbler, is a member of the Parulidae family of wood warblers. [4] This warbler was first discovered in magnolia trees in the 19th century by famed ornithologist Alexander Wilson while in Mississippi. [7]-Description:The magnolia warbler can be...
  
   Dendroica magnolia
• Cape May Warbler
  Cape May Warbler
  The Cape May Warbler, Dendroica tigrina, is a small New World warbler. It breeds in northern North America. Its breeding habitat spans across all but the westernmost parts of southern Canada, and into the Great Lakes region and New England. It is migratory, wintering in the West Indies...
  
   Dendroica tigrina
• Yellow-rumped Warbler
  Yellow-rumped Warbler
  Four closely related North American bird forms—the eastern Myrtle Warbler , its western counterpart, Audubon's Warbler , the northwest Mexican Black-fronted Warbler , and the Guatemalan Goldman's Warbler —are periodically lumped as the Yellow-rumped Warbler .-Classification:Since...
  
   Dendroica coronata
• Golden-cheeked Warbler
  Golden-cheeked Warbler
  The Golden-cheeked Warbler Dendroica chrysoparia is an endangered species of bird that breeds in Central Texas, from Palo Pinto County southwestward along the eastern and southern edge of the Edwards Plateau to Kinney County...
  
   Dendroica chrysoparia
• Black-throated Green Warbler
  Black-throated Green Warbler
  The Black-throated Green Warbler, Setophaga virens, is a small songbird of the New World warbler family.It is 12 cm long and weighs 9 g, and has an olive-green crown, a yellow face with olive markings, a thin pointed bill, white wing bars, an olive-green back and pale underparts with...
  
   Dendroica virens
• Townsend's Warbler
  Townsend's Warbler
  The Townsend's Warbler, Dendroica townsendi, is a small songbird of the New World warbler family.These birds have a yellow face with a black stripe across their cheeks, a thin pointed bill, white wing bars, olive upperparts with black streaks on their backs and flanks, and a white belly...
  
   Dendroica townsendi
• Hermit Warbler
  Hermit Warbler
  The Hermit Warbler, Dendroica occidentalis, is a small perching bird. It is a species of New World warbler.Mature Hermit Warblers normally grow to be 4½ to 5 inches long. Hermit Warblers are dark gray in coloration on top, and white below, and their flanks are streaked with black. The wings...
  
   Dendroica occidentalis
• Blackburnian Warbler
  Blackburnian Warbler
  The Blackburnian Warbler, Dendroica fusca , is a small New World warbler. They breed in eastern North America, from southern Canada, westwards to the southern Canadian Prairies, the Great Lakes region and New England, to North Carolina....
  
   Dendroica fusca
• Yellow-throated Warbler
  Yellow-throated Warbler
  The Yellow-throated Warbler, Dendroica dominica, is a small migratory songbird species breeding in temperate North America. It belongs to the New World warbler family .-Description:...
  
   Dendroica dominica
• Grace's Warbler
  Grace's Warbler
  Grace's Warbler, Dendroica graciae, is a small perching bird and a species of New World warbler.Grace's Warbler was discovered by Dr. Elliott Coues in the Rocky Mountains in 1864...
  
   Dendroica graciae
• Prairie Warbler
  Prairie Warbler
  The Prairie Warbler, Dendroica discolor, is a small songbird of the New World warbler family.These birds have yellow underparts with dark streaks on the flanks, and olive upperparts with rusty streaks on the back; they have a yellow line above the eye, a dark line through it, and a yellow spot...
  
   Dendroica discolor
• Palm Warbler
  Palm Warbler
  The Palm Warbler, Dendroica palmarum, is a small songbird of the New World warbler family.The species comprises two distinct subspecies that may merit specific status....
  
   Dendroica palmarum
• Bay-breasted Warbler
  Bay-breasted Warbler
  The Bay-breasted Warbler, Dendroica castanea , is a New World warbler. They breed in northern North America, specifically in Canada, into the Great Lakes region, and into northern New England....
  
   Dendroica castanea
• Cerulean Warbler
  Cerulean Warbler
  The Cerulean Warbler, Dendroica cerulea, is a small songbird of the New World warbler family.-Description:Adult males have pale cerulean blue upperparts and white underparts with a black necklace across the breast; they also have black streaks on the back and flanks...
  
   Dendroica cerulea
• Black-and-white Warbler
  Black-and-white Warbler
  The Black-and-white Warbler is a small New World warbler. It breeds in northern and eastern North America from southern Canada to Florida....
  
   Mniotilta varia
• American Redstart
  American Redstart
  The American Redstart is a New World warbler. It is the only member of its genus and is unrelated to the Old World redstarts. It derives its name from the male's red tail, start being an old word for tail.-Description:...
  
   Setophaga ruticilla
• Prothonotary Warbler
  Prothonotary Warbler
  The Prothonotary Warbler is a small songbird of the New World warbler family. It is the only member of the genus Protonotaria....
  
   Protonotaria citrea
• Worm-eating Warbler
  Worm-eating Warbler
  The Worm-eating Warbler is a small New World warbler. It is the only species classified in the genus Helmitheros....
  
   Helmitheros vermivorus
• Ovenbird
  Ovenbird
  The Ovenbird is a small songbird of the New World warbler family . This migratory bird breeds in eastern North America and moves south in winter.-Taxonomy:...
  
   Seiurus aurocapilla
• Northern Waterthrush
  Northern Waterthrush
  The Northern Waterthrush is one of the larger New World warblers. It breeds in the northern part of North America in Canada, and in the northern United States, . This bird is migratory, wintering in Central America, the West Indies, and Florida; also Venezuela, Colombia, and Ecuador...
  
   Seiurus noveboracensis
• Louisiana Waterthrush
  Louisiana Waterthrush
  The Louisiana Waterthrush is a New World warbler. It breeds in eastern North America from southernmost Canada and south through the eastern USA, excluding Florida and the coast....
  
   Seiurus motacilla
• Kentucky Warbler
  Kentucky Warbler
  The Kentucky Warbler, Oporornis formosus, is a small species of New World warbler. The Kentucky Warbler, like all members of the genus Oporornis, is a sluggish and heavy warbler with a short tail, preferring to spend most of its time on or near the ground, except when singing.Adult Kentucky...
  
   Oporornis formosus
• Mourning Warbler
  Mourning Warbler
  The Mourning Warbler, Oporornis philadelphia, is a small songbird of the New World warbler family.These 13 cm long birds have yellow underparts, olive-green upperparts and pink legs. Adult males have a grey hood and a black patch on the throat and breast...
  
   Oporornis philadelphia
• MacGillivray's Warbler
  MacGillivray's Warbler
  The MacGillivray's Warbler, Oporornis tolmiei, is a small species of New World warbler. Like all members of the genus Oporornis, these birds are sluggish and heavy warblers with short tails, preferring to spend most of their time on, or near the ground, except when singing.The MacGillivray's...
  
   Oporornis tolmiei
• Common Yellowthroat
  Common Yellowthroat
  The Common Yellowthroat is a New World warbler. They are abundant breeders in North America, ranging from southern Canada to central Mexico....
  
   Geothlypis trichas
• Olive-crowned Yellowthroat
  Olive-crowned Yellowthroat
  The Olive-crowned Yellowthroat is a species of bird in the Parulidae family.It is found in Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, and Panama....
  
   Geothlypis semiflava
• Gray-crowned Yellowthroat Geothlypis poliocephala
• Hooded Warbler
  Hooded Warbler
  The Hooded Warbler, Wilsonia citrina, is a New World warbler. It breeds in eastern North America and across the eastern USA and into southernmost Canada, . It is migratory, wintering in Central America and the West Indies...
  
   Wilsonia citrina
• Wilson's Warbler
  Wilson's Warbler
  The Wilson's Warbler, Wilsonia pusilla, is a small New World warbler. It is primarily greenish above and yellow below, with rounded wings and a long, slim tail. The male has a black crown patch which is greatly reduced or missing entirely in the female...
  
   Wilsonia pusilla
• Canada Warbler
  Canada Warbler
  The Canada Warbler is a small 13 cm long songbird of the New World warbler family.These birds have yellow underparts, blue-grey upperparts and pink legs; they also have yellow eye-rings and thin, pointed bills. Adult males have black foreheads and black necklaces...
  
   Wilsonia canadensis
• Painted Redstart
  Painted Redstart
  The Painted Redstart, Myioborus pictus, is a species of New World warbler. It is also known as the Painted Whitestart.-Taxonomy:When he first described the species in 1829, naturalist William John Swainson assigned it to the genus Setophaga — the same genus as that of the American Redstart — where...
  
   Myioborus pictus
• Slate-throated Redstart
  Slate-throated Redstart
  The Slate-throated Whitestart , or, less accurately, the Slate-throated Redstart, is a species of bird in the Parulidae family....
  
   Myioborus miniatus
• Fan-tailed Warbler
  Fan-tailed Warbler (Parulidae)
  The Fan-tailed Warbler is an New World Warbler in the monotypic genus Euthlypis that lives along the Pacific slope from northern Mexico to Nicaragua. Vagrant records exist for Arizona, New Mexico and Texas. It is yellow on its throat and underparts with a tawny wash on its chest...
  
   Euthlypis lachrymosa
• Golden-crowned Warbler
  Golden-crowned Warbler
  The Golden-crowned Warbler, Basileuterus culicivorus, is a small New World warbler.-Distribution and habitat:It breeds from Mexico and south through Central America to northeastern Argentina and Uruguay, and on Trinidad. It is a species mainly of lowland forests.-Description:The Golden-crowned...
  
   Basileuterus culicivorus
• Rufous-capped Warbler
  Rufous-capped Warbler
  The Rufous-capped Warbler is a New World warbler native from Mexico south to much of Central America, rarely occurring as far north as southeastern Arizona and south Texas....
  
   Basileuterus rufifrons
• Buff-rumped Warbler
  Buff-rumped Warbler
  The Buff-rumped Warbler is a New World warbler is a resident bird from Honduras south to northwestern Peru and disjunctly in the western Amazon...
  
   Basileuterus fulvicauda
• Yellow-breasted Chat
  Yellow-breasted Chat
  The Yellow-breasted Chat is a large songbird, formerly considered the most atypical member of the New World warbler family, though the long-standing suspicion is that it does not actually belong there. Its placement is not definitely resolved. It is the only member of the genus Icteria...
  
   Icteria virens

Bananaquit

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Coerebidae

The Bananaquit is a small passerine bird. It has a slender, curved bill, adapted to taking nectar from flowers and is the only member of the genus Coereba (Vieillot, 1809) and is normally placed within the family Coerebidae, although there is uncertainty whether that placement is correct.

• Bananaquit
  Bananaquit
  The Bananaquit is a species of passerine bird of uncertain relation. It is tentatively placed in the tanager family, but classified as incertae sedis by other authorities such as the American Ornithologists' Union. Its classification is debated, and it is often placed in its own family: Coerebidae...
  
   Coereba flaveola

Tanagers

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Thraupidae

The tanager

Tanager

The tanagers comprise the bird family Thraupidae, in the order Passeriformes. The family has an American distribution.There were traditionally about 240 species of tanagers, but the taxonomic treatment of this family's members is currently in a state of flux...

s are a large group of small to medium-sized passerine birds restricted to the New World, mainly in the tropics. Many species are brightly coloured. They are seed eaters, but their preference tends towards fruit and nectar. Most have short, rounded wings. There are 256 species worldwide and 32 species which occur in Nicaragua.

• Common Bush-Tanager
  Common Bush-Tanager
  The Common Bush-tanager is a small passerine bird. It is a resident breeder in the highlands from central Mexico south to Bolivia and northwest Argentina. C. ophthalmicus in the loose sense is a notorious cryptic species complex, and several of the up to 25 subspecies recognized in recent times...
  
   Chlorospingus ophthalmicus
• Olive Tanager
  Olive Tanager
  The Olive Tanager , also known as Carmiol's Tanager , is a species of bird traditionally placed in the family Thraupidae , though some recent evidence suggest it is better placed in Cardinalidae .It is often split into two species:* Carmiol's Tanager The Olive Tanager (Chlorothraupis carmioli),...
  
   Chlorothraupis carmioli
• Gray-headed Tanager Eucometis penicillata
• White-throated Shrike-Tanager
  White-throated Shrike-tanager
  The White-throated Shrike-tanager is a species of bird in the Thraupidae family.It is found in Costa Rica, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Panama.Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests.-References:...
  
   Lanio leucothorax
• White-shouldered Tanager
  White-shouldered Tanager
  The White-shouldered Tanager, Tachyphonus luctuosus, is a medium-sized passerine bird. This tanager is a resident breeder from Honduras to Panama, South America south to Ecuador and southern Brazil, and on Trinidad....
  
   Tachyphonus luctuosus
• Tawny-crested Tanager
  Tawny-crested Tanager
  The Tawny-crested Tanager is a species of bird in the Thraupidae family.It is found in Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Panama....
  
   Tachyphonus delatrii
• Red-crowned Ant-Tanager
  Red-crowned Ant-Tanager
  The Red-crowned Ant-Tanager, Habia rubica, is a medium-sized passerine bird from tropical America. The genus Habia was long placed with the tanagers , but it is actually closer to the cardinals...
  
   Habia rubica
• Red-throated Ant-Tanager
  Red-throated Ant-Tanager
  The Red-throated Ant-tanager, Habia fuscicauda, is a medium-sized passerine bird. This species is a resident breeder on the Caribbean slopes from southeastern Mexico to eastern Panama. It was usually considered an aberrant kind of tanager and placed in the Thraupidae, but is actually closer to the...
  
   Habia fuscicauda
• Hepatic Tanager
  Hepatic Tanager
  The Hepatic Tanager, Piranga flava, is a medium-sized American songbird. Formerly placed in the tanager family , it and other members of its genus are now classified in the cardinal family...
  
   Piranga flava
• Scarlet Tanager
  Scarlet Tanager
  The Scarlet Tanager is a medium-sized American songbird. Formerly placed in the tanager family , it and other members of its genus are now classified in the cardinal family . The species's plumage and vocalizations are similar to other members of the cardinal family.-Description:Adults have pale...
  
   Piranga olivacea
• Summer Tanager
  Summer Tanager
  The Summer Tanager, Piranga rubra, is a medium-sized American songbird. Formerly placed in the tanager family , it and other members of its genus are now classified in the cardinal family...
  
   Piranga rubra
• Western Tanager
  Western Tanager
  The Western Tanager, Piranga ludoviciana, is a medium-sized American songbird. Formerly placed in the tanager family , it and other members of its genus are now classified in the cardinal family...
  
   Piranga ludoviciana
• Flame-colored Tanager
  Flame-colored Tanager
  The Flame-colored Tanager, Piranga bidentata, formerly known as the Stripe-backed Tanager, is a medium-sized American songbird. Formerly placed in the tanager family , it and other members of its genus are now classified in the cardinal family...
  
   Piranga bidentata
• White-winged Tanager
  White-winged Tanager
  The White-winged Tanager is a medium-sized American songbird. Formerly placed in the tanager family , it and other members of its genus are now classified in the cardinal family . The species's plumage and vocalizations are similar to other members of the cardinal family...
  
   Piranga leucoptera
• Crimson-collared Tanager
  Crimson-collared Tanager
  The Crimson-collared Tanager, Ramphocelus sanguinolentus, is a rather small Middle American songbird. It was first described by the French naturalist René-Primevère Lesson in 1831, its specific epithet from the Latin adjective sanguinolentus, "bloodied", referring to its red plumage.-Taxonomy:This...
  
   Ramphocelus sanguinolentus
• Passerini's Tanager
  Passerini's Tanager
  Passerini's Tanager, Ramphocelus passerinii, is a medium-sized passerine bird. This tanager is a resident breeder in the Caribbean lowlands from southern Mexico to western Panama...
  
   Ramphocelus passerinii
• Blue-gray Tanager
  Blue-gray Tanager
  The Blue-grey Tanager, Thraupis episcopus, is a medium-sized South American songbird of the Tanager family, Thraupidae. Its range is from Mexico south to northeast Bolivia and northern Brazil, all of the Amazon Basin, except the very south. It has been introduced to Lima...
  
   Thraupis episcopus
• Yellow-winged Tanager
  Yellow-winged Tanager
  The Yellow-winged Tanager, Thraupis abbas, is a neotropical member of the tanager family. It is of average size for a tanager, about 18 centimetres . It is distinguished by the yellow patches on its dusky green wings, marking an otherwise dark bluish and gray body. It has a pale lavender tone on...
  
   Thraupis abbas
• Palm Tanager
  Palm Tanager
  The Palm Tanager, Thraupis palmarum, is a medium-sized passerine bird. This tanager is a resident breeder from Nicaragua south to Bolivia, Paraguay and southern Brazil. It also breeds on Trinidad and, since 1962, on Tobago...
  
   Thraupis palmarum
• Scrub Euphonia
  Scrub Euphonia
  The Scrub Euphonia is a species of bird in the Thraupidae family.It is found in Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, and Nicaragua. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests, subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, and heavily degraded former...
  
   Euphonia affinis
• Yellow-crowned Euphonia
  Yellow-crowned Euphonia
  The Yellow-crowned Euphonia is a species of bird in the Thraupidae family.It is found in Costa Rica, Nicaragua, and Panama, and is perhaps the most common euphonia in its range....
  
   Euphonia luteicapilla
• Yellow-throated Euphonia
  Yellow-throated Euphonia
  The Yellow-throated Euphonia is a species of bird in the Thraupidae family. It is found in Belize, Colombia, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, and Panama....
  
   Euphonia hirundinacea
• Elegant Euphonia Euphonia elegantissima
• Olive-backed Euphonia
  Olive-backed Euphonia
  The Olive-backed Euphonia, Euphonia gouldi, is a small passerine bird in the finch family. It is a resident breeder in the Caribbean lowlands and foothills from southern Mexico to western Panama....
  
   Euphonia gouldi
• White-vented Euphonia
  White-vented Euphonia
  The White-vented Euphonia is a species of bird in the Thraupidae family.It is found in Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela.Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist...
  
   Euphonia minuta
• Blue-crowned Chlorophonia
  Blue-crowned Chlorophonia
  The Blue-crowned Chlorophonia is a species of bird in the Thraupidae family.It is found in El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, and Nicaragua.Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montanes.-References:...
  
   Chlorophonia occipitalis
• Rufous-winged Tanager
  Rufous-winged Tanager
  The Rufous-winged Tanager is a species of bird in the Thraupidae family.It is found in Belize, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Panama....
  
   Tangara lavinia
• Golden-hooded Tanager
  Golden-hooded Tanager
  The Golden-hooded Tanager, Tangara larvata, is a medium-sized passerine bird. This tanager is a resident breeder from southern Mexico south to western Ecuador....
  
   Tangara larvata
• Blue Dacnis
  Blue Dacnis
  The Blue Dacnis or Turquoise Honeycreeper, Dacnis cayana, is a small passerine bird. This member of the tanager family is found from Nicaragua to Panama, on Trinidad, and in South America south to Bolivia and northern Argentina...
  
   Dacnis cayana
• Green Honeycreeper
  Green Honeycreeper
  The Green Honeycreeper is a small bird in the tanager family. It is found in the tropical New World from southern Mexico south to Brazil, and on Trinidad. It the only member of the genus Chlorophanes...
  
   Chlorophanes spiza
• Shining Honeycreeper
  Shining Honeycreeper
  The Shining Honeycreeper is a small bird in the tanager family. It is found in the tropical New World in Central America from southern Mexico to Panama and northwest Colombia. It is sometimes considered to be conspecific with the Purple Honeycreeper The Shining Honeycreeper (Cyanerpes lucidus) is...
  
   Cyanerpes lucidus
• Red-legged Honeycreeper
  Red-legged Honeycreeper
  The Red-legged Honeycreeper is a small songbird species in the tanager family . It is found in the tropical New World from southern Mexico south to Peru, Bolivia and central Brazil, Trinidad and Tobago, and on Cuba, where possibly introduced.-Description:The Red-legged Honeycreeper is on average...
  
   Cyanerpes cyaneus

Buntings, sparrows, seedeaters and allies

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Emberizidae

Emberizidae

The Emberizidae are a large family of passerine birds. They are seed-eating birds with a distinctively shaped bill.In Europe, most species are called buntings. In North America, most of the species in this family are known as sparrows, but these birds are not closely related to the sparrows, the...

The emberizids are a large family of passerine birds. They are seed-eating birds with a distinctively shaped bill. In Europe, most species are named as buntings. In North America, most of the species in this family are known as Sparrows, but these birds are not closely related to the Old World sparrows which are in the family Passeridae. Many emberizid species have distinctive head patterns. There are species 275 worldwide and 26 species which occur in Nicaragua.

• Blue-black Grassquit
  Blue-black Grassquit
  The Blue-black Grassquit is a small bird in the tanager family, Thraupidae. It was previously classified in the bunting and American sparrow family, Emberizidae. It breeds from southern Mexico through Central America, and South America as far as northern Chile, Argentina and Paraguay, and on...
  
   Volatinia jacarina
• Variable Seedeater
  Variable Seedeater
  The Variable Seedeater, Sporophila corvina, is a passerine bird which breeds from southern Mexico through Central America to the Chocó of north-western South America. The taxonomy is confusing, and it was formerly considered a subspecies of Sporophila americana...
  
   Sporophila corvina
• White-collared Seedeater
  White-collared Seedeater
  The White-collared Seedeater is a passerine bird in the typical seedeater genus Sporophila.-Taxonomy:The subspecies S. t...
  
   Sporophila torqueola
• Ruddy-breasted Seedeater
  Ruddy-breasted Seedeater
  The Ruddy-breasted Seedeater is a species of bird in the Thraupidae family.It is found in Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, French Guiana, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, and Venezuela.Its natural habitats are dry savanna,...
  
   Sporophila minuta
• Nicaraguan Seed-Finch
  Nicaraguan Seed-finch
  The Nicaraguan Seed-finch is a species of bird in the Thraupidae family. It is found in Costa Rica, Nicaragua, and Panama....
  
   Oryzoborus nuttingi
• Thick-billed Seed-Finch
  Thick-billed Seed-finch
  The Thick-billed Seed-finch is a species of bird in the Thraupidae family, but was until recently placed in Emberizidae. It is found widely in shrubby and grassy areas from southern Mexico, through Central America, to the Chocó in Colombia and Ecuador...
  
   Oryzoborus funereus
• Blue Seedeater
  Blue Seedeater
  The Blue Seedeater is a species of bird in the family Cardinalidae. It was formerly placed with the American sparrows in the Emberizidae. It is found in highland forest and woodland, mainly near bamboo, in southern Mexico and Central America with a disjunct population in south-western Colombia,...
  
   Amaurospiza concolor
• Yellow-faced Grassquit
  Yellow-faced Grassquit
  The Yellow-faced Grassquit is a passerine bird from the Central American tropics and surrounding regions. It was formerly alled with the American sparrows and placed in the Emberizidae; actually, however, it is one of the tholospizan "finches" which are specialized tanagers...
  
   Tiaris olivacea
• Slaty Finch
  Slaty Finch
  The Slaty Finch is a bird species in the family Thraupidae .It is found in Argentina, Bolivia, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guyana, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, Uruguay, and Venezuela...
  
   Haplospiza rustica
• Cinnamon-bellied Flowerpiercer Diglossa baritula
• Grassland Yellow-Finch
  Grassland Yellow-finch
  The Grassland Yellow Finch, Sicalis luteola, is a small passerine bird. Despite its name, it is not a finch, but is a seedeater. These were formerly united with the buntings and American sparrows in the Emberizidae, but are now known to be tanagers....
  
   Sicalis luteola
• White-naped Brush-Finch
  White-naped Brush-finch
  The White-naped Brush Finch , also known as the Yellow-throated Brush Finch, is a species of bird in the Emberizidae family.It is found in Colombia, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, and Panama...
  
   Atlapetes albinucha
• Chestnut-capped Brush-Finch
  Chestnut-capped Brush-Finch
  The Chestnut-capped Brush Finch, Arremon brunneinucha, is a passerine bird which breeds in highlands from central Mexico to southeastern Peru. Despite its name, it is not a true finch, but rather a member of the large Emberizidae family, which also includes buntings, American sparrows, juncos...
  
   Buarremon brunneinucha
• Orange-billed Sparrow
  Orange-billed Sparrow
  The Orange-billed Sparrow is a species of bird in the Emberizidae family.In Central America it is found in Belize, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua and Panama...
  
   Arremon aurantiirostris
• Olive Sparrow
  Olive Sparrow
  The Olive Sparrow, Arremonops rufivirgatus, is a species of American sparrow in the family Emberizidae. Its range includes Belize, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua and southern Texas .It is long, and is the only sparrow with an olive back...
  
   Arremonops rufivirgatus
• Black-striped Sparrow
  Black-striped Sparrow
  The Black-striped Sparrow, Arremonops conirostris, is a passerine bird which breeds from northern Honduras to western Ecuador, northern Brazil and Venezuela....
  
   Arremonops conirostris
• Prevost's Ground-Sparrow
  Prevost's Ground-Sparrow
  Prevost's Ground-Sparrow Melozone biarcuatum, also known as the White-faced Ground-Sparrow, is an American sparrow.-Etymology:Its English name commemorates French naturalist Florent Prévost. The isolated Costa Rican form may be a separate species, Cabanis's Ground-Sparrow Prevost's Ground-Sparrow...
  
   Melozone biarcuatum
• White-eared Ground-Sparrow
  White-eared Ground-Sparrow
  The White-eared Ground-Sparrow, Melozone leucotis, is a large American sparrow which breeds in a small range of Central America at middle altitudes from southern Mexico and Guatemala to northern Costa Rica...
  
   Melozone leucotis
• Stripe-headed Sparrow
  Stripe-headed Sparrow
  The Stripe-headed Sparrow, Peucaea ruficauda, is an American sparrow which breeds from Pacific coastal southwestern Mexico, including the transverse ranges, Cordillera Neovolcanica to pacific coastal northern Costa Rica....
  
   Aimophila ruficauda
• Botteri's Sparrow
  Botteri's Sparrow
  The Botteri's Sparrow, Aimophila botterii, is a medium-sized sparrow.This passerine bird is primarily found in Mexico, with a breeding range that extends into the southeastern tip of the U.S...
  
   Aimophila botterii
• Rusty Sparrow
  Rusty Sparrow
  The Rusty Sparrow is a species of bird in the Emberizidae family.It is found in Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, and Nicaragua....
  
   Aimophila rufescens
• Chipping Sparrow
  Chipping Sparrow
  The Chipping Sparrow is a species of American sparrow in the family Emberizidae. It is widespread, fairly tame, and common across most of its North American range.-Description:...
  
   Spizella passerina
• Grasshopper Sparrow
  Grasshopper Sparrow
  The Grasshopper Sparrow, Ammodramus savannarum, is a small sparrow. The Ammodramus genus of 11 species inhabit grasslands and marshes....
  
   Ammodramus savannarum
• Lincoln's Sparrow
  Lincoln's Sparrow
  The Lincoln's Sparrow, Melospiza lincolnii, is a medium-sized sparrow.Adults have dark-streaked olive-brown upperparts with a light brown breast with fine streaks, a white belly, and a white throat. They have a brown cap with a grey stripe in the middle, olive-brown wings, and a narrow tail. Their...
  
   Melospiza lincolnii
• Rufous-collared Sparrow
  Rufous-collared Sparrow
  The Rufous-collared Sparrow, Zonotrichia capensis, is an American sparrow found in a wide range of habitats, often near humans, from the extreme southeast of Mexico to Tierra del Fuego, and on the island of Hispaniola. It is famous for its diverse vocalizations which have been intensely studied...
  
   Zonotrichia capensis
• Volcano Junco
  Volcano Junco
  The Volcano Junco, Junco vulcani, is an American sparrow endemic to the high mountains of Costa Rica and western Panama.This junco breeds above the timberline, typically at altitudes above 3000m, but there is an isolated population at 2100 m on the Caribbean slope of Costa Rica, and forest...
  
   Junco vulcani

Saltators, cardinals and allies

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Cardinalidae

The cardinals are a family of passerine birds that are robust, seed-eating birds, with strong bills. They are typically associated with open woodland. The sexes usually have distinct plumages. There are 43 species worldwide and 12 species which occur in Nicaragua.

• Grayish Saltator
  Grayish Saltator
  The Greyish Saltator, Saltator coerulescens, is a seed-eating songbird that is widespread in the tropical Americas. Traditionally placed in the cardinal family , the saltators actually seem to be closer to the tanagers...
  
   Saltator coerulescens
• Buff-throated Saltator
  Buff-throated Saltator
  The Buff-throated Saltator, Saltator maximus, is a seedeating bird. Traditionally placed in the cardinal family , it actually seems to be closer to the tanagers . It breeds from southeastern Mexico to western Ecuador and northeastern Brazil.This is the type species of Saltator...
  
   Saltator maximus
• Black-headed Saltator
  Black-headed Saltator
  The Black-headed Saltator, Saltator atriceps, is a seedeating bird. Traditionally placed in the cardinal family , it actually seems to be closer to the tanagers . It breeds from central Mexico to eastern Panama....
  
   Saltator atriceps
• Slate-colored Grosbeak Saltator grossus
• Black-faced Grosbeak
  Black-faced Grosbeak
  The Black-faced Grosbeak, Caryothraustes poliogaster, is a large seed-eating bird in the cardinal family, which is a resident breeding species from southeastern Mexico to eastern Panama....
  
   Caryothraustes poliogaster
• Rose-breasted Grosbeak
  Rose-breasted Grosbeak
  The Rose-breasted Grosbeak, Pheucticus ludovicianus, is a large seed-eating songbird in the cardinal family . It breeds in cool-temperate North America, migrating to tropical America in winter.-Description:...
  
   Pheucticus ludovicianus
• Blue Bunting
  Blue Bunting
  The Blue Bunting is a species of passerine bird found in northern Central America. Measuring in length with a wingspan of , it is one of the smaller members of its genus. Like most buntings, the Blue Bunting is sexually dimorphic...
  
   Cyanocompsa parellina
• Blue-black Grosbeak
  Blue-black Grosbeak
  The Blue-black Grosbeak is a species of songbird in the Cardinalidae family.It is found in Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela...
  
   Cyanocompsa cyanoides
• Blue Grosbeak
  Blue Grosbeak
  Blue Grosbeak , is a medium-sized seed-eating bird in the same family as the Northern Cardinal, "tropical" or New World buntings, and "cardinal-grosbeaks" or New World grosbeaks....
  
   Passerina caerulea
• Indigo Bunting
  Indigo Bunting
  The Indigo Bunting, Passerina cyanea, is a small seed-eating bird in the family Cardinalidae. It is migratory, ranging from southern Canada to northern Florida during the breeding season, and from southern Florida to northern South America during the winter. It often migrates by night, using the...
  
   Passerina cyanea
• Painted Bunting
  Painted Bunting
  The Painted Bunting is a species of bird in the Cardinal family, Cardinalidae, that is native to North America.-Taxonomy:...
  
   Passerina ciris
• Dickcissel
  Dickcissel
  The Dickcissel is a small American seed-eating bird in the family Cardinalidae. It is the only member of the genus Spiza, though some sources list another supposedly extinct species...
  
   Spiza americana

Troupials and allies

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Icteridae

The icterids are a group of small to medium, often colourful, passerine birds restricted to the New World and include the grackle

Grackle

Grackle can refer to any of eleven black passerine birds native to North and South America. All are members of the Icterid family but belong to multiple genera.* Genus Quiscalus** Boat-tailed Grackle, Quiscalus major...

s, New World blackbird

New World blackbird

The New World blackbirds consist of 26 species of icterid birds that share the name blackbird but do not correspond with a formal taxon...

s, and New World oriole

New World oriole

New World orioles, comprising the genus Icterus, are a group of birds in the blackbird family. They are not related to Old World orioles which are in the family Oriolidae, but are strikingly similar in size, diet, behaviour and in their strongly contrasting plumage, and are a good example of...

s. Most species have black as the predominant plumage colour, often enlivened by yellow, orange or red. There are 98 species worldwide and 23 species which occur in Nicaragua.

• Bobolink
  Bobolink
  The Bobolink is a small New World blackbird and the only member of genus Dolichonyx.-Description:Adults are 16–18 cm long with short finch-like bills. They weigh about . Adult males are mostly black, although they do display creamy napes, and white scapulars, lower backs and rumps...
  
   Dolichonyx oryzivorus (A)
• Red-winged Blackbird
  Red-winged Blackbird
  The Red-winged Blackbird is a passerine bird of the family Icteridae found in most of North and much of Central America. It breeds from Alaska and Newfoundland south to Florida, the Gulf of Mexico, Mexico, and Guatemala, with isolated populations in western El Salvador, northwestern Honduras, and...
  
   Agelaius phoeniceus
• Eastern Meadowlark
  Eastern Meadowlark
  The Eastern Meadowlark, Sturnella magna, is a medium-sized icterid bird, very similar in appearance to the Western Meadowlark. It occurs from eastern North America to South America, where it is also most widespread in the east.-Description:...
  
   Sturnella magna
• Melodious Blackbird
  Melodious Blackbird
  The Melodious Blackbird, Dives dives, is a New World tropical icterid bird. It is a resident breeder from coastal eastern and southeastern Mexico to Costa Rica. Its range is expanding. El Salvador was colonised in the 1950s, and eastern Guatemala in the 1960s...
  
   Dives dives
• Great-tailed Grackle
  Great-tailed Grackle
  The Great-tailed Grackle is a medium-sized, gregarious passerine bird native to North and South America. A member of the Icteridae family, it is of the ten extant species of grackle and is closely related to the Red-bellied Grackle and the Velvet-fronted Grackle...
  
   Quiscalus mexicanus
• Nicaraguan Grackle
  Nicaraguan Grackle
  The Nicaraguan Grackle is a species of passerine bird belonging to the genus Quiscalus, a genus of grackles in the New World blackbird family, Icteridae. It is found only in Nicaragua and northernmost Costa Rica....
  
   Quiscalus nicaraguensis
• Bronzed Cowbird
  Bronzed Cowbird
  The Bronzed Cowbird , Molothrus aeneus, is a small icterid.It breeds from the southern U.S. states of California, Arizona, New Mexico, Texas, and Louisiana south through Central America to Panama. An isolated population on the Caribbean coast of Colombia is sometimes treated as a separate species,...
  
   Molothrus aeneus
• Giant Cowbird
  Giant Cowbird
  The Giant Cowbird, Molothrus oryzivorus, is a large passerine bird in the New World family Icteridae. It breeds from southern Mexico south to northern Argentina, and on Trinidad and Tobago. It may have relatively recently colonised the latter island....
  
   Molothrus oryzivorus
• Yellow-backed Oriole
  Yellow-backed Oriole
  The Yellow-backed Oriole is a species of bird in the Icteridae family.-Physical description:Yellow-backed orioles are a yellow-bodied, sexually monomorphic species. Howell and Webb note that this species tends to average 21.5 cm in length from beak to tail; making Icterus chrysater a...
  
   Icterus chrysater
• Jamaican Oriole
  Jamaican Oriole
  The Jamaican Oriole is a species of bird in the Icteridae family. It is found in Jamaica and on the Colombian island of San Andrés...
  
   Icterus leucopteryx
• Yellow-tailed Oriole
  Yellow-tailed Oriole
  The Yellow-tailed Oriole, Icterus mesomelas, is a passerine bird in the New World family Icteridae. It breeds from southern Mexico to western Peru and northwestern Venezuela; in Peru it also lives in a river valley corridor....
  
   Icterus mesomelas
• Spot-breasted Oriole
  Spot-breasted Oriole
  The Spot-breasted Oriole is a species of bird in the Icteridae family.It is found in Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, and the United States....
  
   Icterus pectoralis
• Altamira Oriole
  Altamira Oriole
  The Altamira Oriole, Icterus gularis, is a New World oriole. The bird is widespread in subtropical lowlands of the Mexican Gulf Coast and northern Central America, the Pacific coast and inland. It also can be found in the extreme south of Texas, .At 25 cm and 56 grams, this is the...
  
   Icterus gularis
• Streak-backed Oriole
  Streak-backed Oriole
  The Streak-backed Oriole, Icterus pustulatus, is a medium-sized icterid ....
  
   Icterus pustulatus
• Baltimore Oriole
  Baltimore Oriole
  The Baltimore Oriole is a small icterid blackbird that averages 18 cm long and weighs 34 g. This bird received its name from the fact that the male's colors resemble those on the coat-of-arms of Lord Baltimore...
  
   Icterus galbula
• Bullock's Oriole
  Bullock's Oriole
  The Bullock's Oriole, , is a small New World blackbird. At one time, this species and the Baltimore Oriole were considered to be a single species, the Northern Oriole...
  
   Icterus bullockii
• Orchard Oriole
  Orchard Oriole
  The Orchard Oriole, Icterus spurius, is the smallest North American species of icterid blackbird. The subspecies of the Caribbean coast of Mexico, I. s. fuertesi, is sometimes considered a separate species, the Ochre Oriole....
  
   Icterus spurius
• Black-cowled Oriole
  Black-cowled Oriole
  The Black-cowled Oriole is a species of bird in the Icteridae family.It is found in Belize, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, and possibly Honduras....
  
   Icterus prosthemelas
• Black-vented Oriole
  Black-vented Oriole
  The Black-vented Oriole is a species of bird in the Icteridae family. It is found in El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, and the United States....
  
   Icterus wagleri
• Yellow-billed Cacique
  Yellow-billed Cacique
  The Yellow-billed Cacique is a species of bird in the Icteridae family. It is monotypic within the genus Amblycercus....
  
   Amblycercus holosericeus
• Scarlet-rumped Cacique
  Scarlet-rumped Cacique
  The Scarlet-rumped Cacique is a passerine bird species in the New World family Icteridae. It breeds from eastern Honduras to Panama and in the Pacific lowlands of South America from western Colombia south to Ecuador, and in the lower reaches of the northern Andes...
  
   Cacicus uropygialis
• Chestnut-headed Oropendola
  Chestnut-headed Oropendola
  The Chestnut-headed Oropendola is a New World tropical icterid bird. The scientific name of the species commemorates Johann Georg Wagler, who established Psarocolius, the oropendola genus.-Description:...
  
   Psarocolius wagleri
• Montezuma Oropendola
  Montezuma Oropendola
  The Montezuma Oropendola, Psarocolius montezuma, is a New World tropical icterid bird. It is a resident breeder in the Caribbean coastal lowlands from southeastern Mexico to central Panama, but is absent from El Salvador and southern Guatemala. It also occurs on the Pacific slope of Nicaragua and...
  
   Gymnostinops montezuma

Siskins, crossbills and allies

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Fringillidae

Finch

Finch

The true finches are passerine birds in the family Fringillidae. They are predominantly seed-eating songbirds. Most are native to the Northern Hemisphere, but one subfamily is endemic to the Neotropics, one to the Hawaiian Islands, and one subfamily – monotypic at genus level – is found...

es are seed-eating passerine birds, that are small to moderately large and have a strong beak, usually conical and in some species very large. All have 12 tail feathers and 9 primaries. These birds have a bouncing flight with alternating bouts of flapping and gliding on closed wings, and most sing well. There are 137 species worldwide and 3 species which occur in Nicaragua.

• Red Crossbill Loxia curvirostra
• Black-headed Siskin
  Black-headed Siskin
  The Black-headed Siskin is a species of finch in the Fringillidae family.It is found in Belize, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, and Nicaragua....
  
   Carduelis notata
• Lesser Goldfinch
  Lesser Goldfinch
  The Lesser Goldfinch or Dark-backed Goldfinch is a very small songbird of the Americas. Together with its relatives the American Goldfinch and Lawrence's Goldfinch, it forms the American goldfinches clade in the genus Carduelis sensu stricto.The American goldfinches can be distinguished by the...
  
   Carduelis psaltria

Sparrows

Order: Passeriformes. Family: Passeridae

Sparrow

Sparrow

The sparrows are a family of small passerine birds, Passeridae. They are also known as true sparrows, or Old World sparrows, names also used for a genus of the family, Passer...

s are small passerine birds. In general, sparrows tend to be small, plump, brown or grey birds with short tails and short powerful beaks. Sparrows are seed-eaters, and they also consume small insects. There are 35 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Nicaragua.

• House Sparrow
  House Sparrow
  The House Sparrow is a bird of the sparrow family Passeridae, found in most parts of the world. One of about 25 species in the genus Passer, the House Sparrow occurs naturally in most of Europe, the Mediterranean region, and much of Asia...
  
  Passer domesticus (I)

External links

• Birds of Nicaragua Birdlist, multi-lingual website by country with standardized codes for abundance and seasonal presence.