1408 Emir Edigu of Golden Horde reaches Moscow.
1612 (22 October O.S.) Time of Troubles in Russia: Moscow, Kitai-gorod, is captured by Russian troops under command of Dmitry Pozharsky
1708 Charles XII of Sweden stops his march to conquer Moscow outside Smolensk, marking the turning point in the Great Northern War. The army is defeated nine months later in the Battle of Poltava, and the Swedish empire ceases to be a major power.
1752 A devastating fire destroys one-third of Moscow, including 18,000 homes.
1812 Napoleonic Wars: French grenadiers enter Moscow. The Fire of Moscow begins as soon as Russian troops leave the city.
1812 The French army under Napoleon reaches the Kremlin in Moscow.
1812 Napoleon I of France retreats from Moscow.
1812 Napoleonic Wars: The Battle of Maloyaroslavets takes place near Moscow.
1876 Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky's Slavonic March is given its première performance in Moscow.
1877 Tchaikovsky's ballet ''Swan Lake'' receives its première performance at the Bolshoi Theatre in Moscow.
1882 Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky's ''1812 Overture'' debuts in Moscow.
1888 The premiere of the very first Romani language operetta is staged in Moscow, Russia.
1896 Khodynka Tragedy: A mass panic on Khodynka Field in Moscow during the festivities of the coronation of Russian Tsar Nicholas II results in the deaths of 1,389 people.
1918 Moscow becomes the capital of Russia again after Saint Petersburg held this status for 215 years.
1937 In Moscow, 17 leading Communists go on trial accused of participating in a plot led by Leon Trotsky to overthrow Joseph Stalin's regime and assassinate its leaders.
1941 World War II: In Operation Typhoon, Germany begins an all-out offensive against Moscow.
1941 World War II: Field Marshal Georgy Zhukov takes command of Red Army operations to prevent the further advance into Russia of German forces and to prevent the Wehrmacht from capturing Moscow.
1941 World War II: Temperatures around Moscow drop to -12 ° C and the Soviet Union launches ski troops for the first time against the freezing German forces near the city.
1952 The Night of the Murdered Poets: thirteen prominent Jewish intellectuals are murdered in Moscow.
1954 The world's first nuclear power station opens in Obninsk, near Moscow.
1956 The XX Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union begins in Moscow. On the last night of the meeting, Premier Nikita Khrushchev condemns Joseph Stalin's crimes in a secret speech.
1958 Van Cliburn is the first American to win the Tchaikovsky Competition in Moscow.
1959 At the opening of the American National Exhibition in Moscow, U.S. Vice President Richard Nixon and Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev have a "Kitchen Debate".
1960 Cold War: in Moscow, downed American U-2 pilot Francis Gary Powers is sentenced to ten years imprisonment by the Soviet Union for espionage.
1965 Turkish prime minister Suat Hayri Urguplu returns from a visit to Moscow and announces the Soviet Union will provide aid to his country.
1968 The Nuclear non-proliferation treaty is signed in Washington, D.C., London and Moscow by sixty-two countries.
1969 The International communist conference begins in Moscow.
1972 An Aeroflot Ilyushin Il-62 crashed outside Moscow killing 176.
1980 US President Jimmy Carter announces a United States boycott of the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow to protest the Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan.
1982 During a procession outside the shrine of the Virgin Mary in Fátima, Portugal, security guards overpower Juan Fernandez Krohn before he can attack Pope John Paul II with a bayonet. Krohn, an ultraconservative Spanish priest opposed to the Vatican II reforms, believed that the Pope had to be killed for being an "agent of Moscow".
1985 The Live Aid benefit concert takes place in London and Philadelphia, as well as other venues such as Sydney and Moscow.
1987 19-year-old West German pilot Mathias Rust evades Soviet Union air defenses and lands a private plane in the Red Square in Moscow. He is immediately detained and will not be released until August 3, 1988.
1988 U.S. President Ronald Reagan begins his first visit to the Soviet Union when he arrives in Moscow for a superpower summit with Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev.
1990 The first McDonald's in the Soviet Union opens in Moscow.
1990 The two German states and the Four Powers sign the Treaty on the Final Settlement With Respect to Germany in Moscow, paving the way for German re-unification.
1993 In Moscow, George H. W. Bush and Boris Yeltsin sign the second Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty (START).
1993 Russian Constitutional Crisis: In Moscow, tanks bombard the White House, a government building that housed the Russian parliament, while demonstrators against President Boris Yeltsin rally outside.
1996 Polish Premier Jozef Oleksy resigns amid charges that he spied for Moscow.
1999 The first of a series of bombings in Moscow kills one person and wounds 40 others.
2000 {{convert|540|m|ft|0|adj=on}}-tall Ostankino Tower in Moscow catches fire, three people are killed.
2002 F.B.I. agent Robert Hanssen is given a life sentence without the possibility of parole for selling United States secrets to Moscow for $1.4 million in cash and diamonds.
2002 Moscow Theatre Siege begins: Chechen terrorists seize the House of Culture theater in Moscow and take approximately 700 theater-goers hostage.
2002 Moscow Theatre Siege: Approximately 50 Chechen terrorists and 150 hostages die when Russian Spetsnaz storm a theater building in Moscow, which had been occupied by the terrorists during a musical performance three days before.
2003 A blast in the center of Moscow kills six people and wounds several more.
2004 In a suburb of Moscow, Russia, the roof of the Transvaal water park collapses, killing more than 25 people, and wounding more than 100 others.
2004 Eighty-nine passengers die after two airliners explode after flying out of Domodedovo International Airport, near Moscow. The explosions are caused by suicide bombers (reportedly female) from the Russian Republic of Chechnya.