Dates and most important events in Polish history

History of Poland

The History of Poland is rooted in the arrival of the Slavs, who gave rise to permanent settlement and historic development on Polish lands. During the Piast dynasty Christianity was adopted in 966 and medieval monarchy established...

 from prehistoric times up to the present day.

Before the 10th century

5500 BC : Arrival of the first farmers
740 BC : Biskupin

Biskupin

The archaeological open air museum Biskupin is an archaeological site and a life-size model of an Iron Age fortified settlement in north-central Poland . When first discovered it was thought to be early evidence of Slavic settlement but archaeologists later confirmed it belonged to the Biskupin...

 fortified settlement built
450-500 AD : First Slavic

Slavic peoples

The Slavic people are an Indo-European panethnicity living in Eastern Europe, Southeast Europe, North Asia and Central Asia. The term Slavic represents a broad ethno-linguistic group of people, who speak languages belonging to the Slavic language family and share, to varying degrees, certain...

 settlements
9th century : Vistulan

Vistulans

Vistulans were an early medieval West Slavic tribe inhabiting the land of modern Lesser Poland.From the 1st century and possibly earlier, the Vistulans , were part of the Carpian Tribe, which got its name from the area that they lived in, which was beside the Carpathian Mountain Range...

 tribal union

10th century

910-930 : Early stage of the Piast

Piast dynasty

The Piast dynasty was the first historical ruling dynasty of Poland. It began with the semi-legendary Piast Kołodziej . The first historical ruler was Duke Mieszko I . The Piasts' royal rule in Poland ended in 1370 with the death of king Casimir the Great...

 (Giecz

Giecz

Giecz is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Dominowo, within Środa Wielkopolska County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It lies approximately north of Dominowo, north-east of Środa Wielkopolska, and east of the regional capital Poznań...

-Gniezno

Gniezno

Gniezno is a city in central-western Poland, some 50 km east of Poznań, inhabited by about 70,000 people. One of the Piasts' chief cities, it was mentioned by 10th century A.D. sources as the capital of Piast Poland however the first capital of Piast realm was most likely Giecz built around...

 area tribe) expansion
966 April 14 : Baptism of Poland

Baptism of Poland

The Baptism of Poland was the event in 966 that signified the beginning of the Christianization of Poland, commencing with the baptism of Mieszko I, who was the first ruler of the Polish state. The next significant step in Poland's adoption of Christianity was the establishment of various...

992 May 25 : Death of Mieszko I

Mieszko I of Poland

Mieszko I , was a Duke of the Polans from about 960 until his death. A member of the Piast dynasty, he was son of Siemomysł; grandchild of Lestek; father of Bolesław I the Brave, the first crowned King of Poland; likely father of Świętosława , a Nordic Queen; and grandfather of her son, Cnut the...

11th century

1000 March : Congress of Gniezno

Congress of Gniezno

The Congress of Gniezno was an amical meeting between the Polish duke Bolesław I Chrobry and Emperor Otto III, which took place at Gniezno on March 11, 1000...

1018 January 30 : Signing of the Peace of Bautzen

Peace of Bautzen

The Peace of Bautzen or the Peace of Budziszyn was a treaty concluded on January 30, 1018 between the Ottonian Holy Roman Emperor Henry II and the Piast ruler of Poland Boleslaw I which ended a series of Polish-German wars over the control of Lusatia and Upper Lusatia as well as Bohemia,...

1018 : Expedition to Kiev
1025 April 18 : Coronation of Bolesław I Chrobry

Boleslaw I of Poland

Bolesław I Chrobry , in the past also known as Bolesław I the Great , was a Duke of Poland from 992-1025 and the first King of Poland from 19 April 1025 until his death...

1025 June 17 : Death of Bolesław I the Brave
1025 December 25 : Coronation of Mieszko II Lambert

Mieszko II Lambert

Mieszko II Lambert was King of Poland during 1025–1031, and Duke from 1032 until his death.He was the second son of Bolesław I the Brave, but the eldest born from his third wife Emmilda, daughter of Dobromir, possible ruler of Lusatia. He was probably named after his paternal grandfather, Mieszko I...

1032 : Death of Bezprym

Bezprym

Bezprym was a Duke of Poland during 1031–1032.He was the eldest son of Bolesław I the Brave, King of Poland, but was deprived of the succession by his father, who around 1001 sent him to Italy, in order to became a monk at one of Saint Romuald's hermitages in Ravenna.Expelled by his half-brother...

1038 : People's uprising

People's uprising in Poland

The Popular Uprising in Poland, 1038 , was a popular uprising in 1038 in the Kingdom of Poland of the early Piast rulers, mainly in the Greater Poland and Silesia regions....

1058 November 28 : Death of Casimir I the Restorer

Casimir I of Poland

Casimir I the Restorer , was a Duke of Poland of the Piast dynasty and the de facto monarch of the entire country from 1034 until his death....

1034 May 10 : Death of Mieszko II Lambert
1076 December 25 : Coronation of Bolesław II the Bold

12th century

1102 June 4 : Death of Władysław I Herman
1138 October 28 : Death of Bolesław III Wrymouth
1173 January 5 : Death of Bolesław IV the Curly
1182 : The first Sejm
1194 May 5 : Death of Casimir II

13th century

1202 March 13 : Death of Cailliou III the Old
1211 May 16 : Death of Mieszko IV Tanglefoot

Mieszko IV Tanglefoot

Mieszko IV Tanglefoot was a Duke of Silesia from 1163 to 1173 , Duke of Racibórz from 1173, Duke of Opole from 1202 and from 9 June 1210 until his death, Duke of Kraków and High Duke of Poland....

1226 March 26 : Issuance of Golden Bull of Rimini

Golden Bull of Rimini

The Golden Bull of Rimini was a Golden Bull issued by Emperor Frederick II, at his court in Rimini in March 1226 to confirm the Teutonic Knights' possessions in Prussia...

1227 November 23 : Assassination of Leszek I the White

Leszek I the White

Leszek I the White , also listed by some sources as Leszek II the White, was Prince of Sandomierz and High Duke of Poland from 1194 until his death, except for the short periods following when he was deposed as Polish ruler...

1231 November 3 : Death of Władysław III Spindleshanks
1238 March 19 : Death of Henryk I the Bearded
1241 : First attack of Mongols

Mongols

Mongols ) are a Central-East Asian ethnic group that lives mainly in the countries of Mongolia, China, and Russia. In China, ethnic Mongols can be found mainly in the central north region of China such as Inner Mongolia...

 on Poland

Poland

Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north...

1241 April 9 : Death of Henryk II the Pious
1247 August 31 : Death of Konrad I of Masovia

Konrad I of Masovia

Konrad I of Masovia , from the Polish Piast dynasty, was the sixth Duke of Masovia from 1194 until his death and High Duke of Poland from 1229 to 1232.-Life:...

1264 September 8 : Issuance of Statute of Kalisz

Statute of Kalisz

The General Charter of Jewish Liberties known as the Statute of Kalisz was issued by the Duke of Greater Poland Boleslaus the Pious on September 8, 1264 in Kalisz...

1279 December 7 : Death of Bolesław V the Chaste
1288 September 30 : Death of Leszek II the Black

Leszek II the Black

Leszek the Black , named after his black hair, was one of the High Dukes of the fragmented Kingdom of Poland. He ruled from 1279 to 1288, and was married to Agrippina of Slavonia with no children.- Life :...

1290 June 23 : Death of Henryk IV Probus

Henryk IV Probus

Henryk IV Probus was a member of the Silesian branch of the royal Polish Piast dynasty...

1295 June 26 : Coronation of Przemysł II
1296 February 8 : Assassination of Przemysł II

14th century

1300 August : Coronation of Wenceslaus II
1305 June 21 : Death of Wenceslaus II
1306 August 4 : Assassination of Wenceslaus III

Wenceslaus III of Bohemia

Wenceslaus III Premyslid was the King of Hungary , King of Bohemia and the king of Poland ....

1308 : Teutonic takeover of Danzig
1311 : Rebellion of wójt Albert

Rebellion of wójt Albert

The Rebellion of wójt Albert was an uprising of burghers of the Polish city of Kraków against the duke Władysław I the Elbow-high in the years 1311–12...

 begins
1312 : Rebellion of wójt Albert ends
1320 January 20 : Coronation of Władysław I the Elbow-high
1326 : Polish-Teutonic War begins
1332 : Polish-Teutonic War concludes
1333 March 2 : Death of Władysław I the Elbow-high
1333 April 25 : Coronation of Casimir III

Casimir III of Poland

Casimir III the Great , last King of Poland from the Piast dynasty , was the son of King Władysław I the Elbow-high and Hedwig of Kalisz.-Biography:...

1335 : Congress of Visegrád

Congress of Visegrád (1335)

The first Congress of Visegrád was a 1335 summit in Visegrád in which Casimir III of Poland, Charles I of Hungary, and John I of Bohemia formed an anti-Habsburg alliance...

1339 : Congress of Visegrád

Congress of Visegrád (1339)

The second Congress of Visegrád was a 1339 summit in Visegrád where it was decided that after the death of Casimir III of Poland, the son of Charles I of Hungary, Louis I of Hungary, would become King of Poland provided that Kazimierz does not have a son....

1343 July 8 : Signing of the Treaty of Kalisz
1347 : Wiślica Statutes
1364 May 12 : Founding of Jagiellonian University

Jagiellonian University

The Jagiellonian University was established in 1364 by Casimir III the Great in Kazimierz . It is the oldest university in Poland, the second oldest university in Central Europe and one of the oldest universities in the world....

1370 November 5 : Death of Kazimierz III the Great
1370 November 17 : Coronation of Louis of Hungary
1374 September 17 : Privilege of Koszyce

Privilege of Koszyce

The Privilege of Koszyce was a set of concessions made by Louis I of Hungary to the Polish szlachta in 1374. The privileges were granted in Košice...

1382 September 10 : Death of Louis of Hungary
1384 October 16 : Coronation of Jadwiga

Jadwiga of Poland

Jadwiga was monarch of Poland from 1384 to her death. Her official title was 'king' rather than 'queen', reflecting that she was a sovereign in her own right and not merely a royal consort. She was a member of the Capetian House of Anjou, the daughter of King Louis I of Hungary and Elizabeth of...

1385 August 14 : Signing of the Union of Krewo

Union of Krewo

In a strict sense, the Union of Krewo or Act of Krėva was a set of prenuptial promises made in the Kreva Castle on 14 August 1385 by Jogaila, Grand Duke of Lithuania, in exchange for marriage to the underage reigning Queen Jadwiga of Poland...

1386 March 4 : Coronation of Władysław II Jagiełło
1399 July 17 : Death of queen Jadwiga

15th century

1401 : Union of Vilnius and Radom
1409 : Polish–Lithuanian–Teutonic War begins
1411 February 1 : Signing of the First Peace of Thorn (Toruń) concludes the Polish–Lithuanian–Teutonic War
1412 November 8 : Signing of the Treaty of Lubowla

Treaty of Lubowla

Treaty of Lubowla of 1412 was a treaty between Władysław II, King of Poland, and Sigismund of Luxemburg, King of Hungary. Negotiated in the town of Stará Ľubovňa in modern Slovakia, it was confirmed later that year in Buda....

1413 October 2 : Signing of the Union of Horodło
1414 : Hunger War
1422 : Gollub War

Gollub War

The Gollub War was a two-month war of the Teutonic Knights against the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in 1422. It ended by signing the Treaty of Melno, which resolved territorial disputes, dragging since 1398, between the Knights and Lithuania over Samogitia.-Background:The...

 begins
1422 September 27 : Signing of the Treaty of Melno

Treaty of Melno

The Treaty of Melno or Treaty of Lake Melno was a peace treaty ending the Gollub War. It was signed on September 27, 1422, between the Teutonic Knights and an alliance of the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania at Lake Melno , east of Graudenz...

 concludes the Gollub War
1424 : Issuance of Edict of Wieluń

Edict of Wielun

The Edict of Wieluń was a 1424 law issued in Wieluń by King of Poland Władysław II Jagiełło under pressure from the Catholic Church. The edict outlawed Hussitism and represented a temporary regression for the Kingdom of Poland, which had a long tradition of religious toleration....

1431 : Polish-Teutonic War begins
1432 : Signing of the Union of Grodno
1434 June 1 : Death of Władysław II Jagiełło
1434 July 25 : Coronation of Władysław III of Varna
1435 : Polish-Teutonic War concludes
1444 November 10 : Death of Władysław III of Varna
1447 June 25 : Coronation of Kazimierz IV Jagiellon
1454 : Thirteen Years' War begins
1454 : Statutes of Nieszawa

Statutes of Nieszawa

The Nieszawa Statutes were a set of laws enacted in the Kingdom of Poland in 1454, in the town of Nieszawa. Kazimierz IV Jagiellon made a number of concessions to the nobility in exchange for their support in the Thirteen Years' War...

1466 October 19 : Signing of the Second Peace of Thorn (Toruń) concludes the Thirteen Years' War
1473 : Almanach cracoviense ad annum 1474

Almanach Cracoviense ad annum 1474

Almanach cracoviense ad annum 1474 is a single-sheet astronomical wall calendar for the year 1474, and Poland's oldest known print...

 published
1478 : War of the Priests

War of the Priests

The War of the Priests was a drawn-out dispute with Poland over the independence of the Royal Prussian Prince-Bishopric of Ermland . The Second Treaty of Thorn that had been sealed in 1466 at Toruń affected also the Bishopric of Warmia, which claimed to have received Prince-Bishopric status a...

 begins
1479 : War of the Priests ends
1492 June 7 : Death of Kazimierz IV Jagiellon
1492 September 23 : Coronation of Jan I Olbracht
1496 : Statutes of Piotrków

Statutes of Piotrków

The Piotrków Statutes were a set of laws enacted in the Kingdom of Poland in 1496. John I Olbracht of Poland made a number of concessions to the szlachta, whose support he required in war. Among other things, the szlachta were relieved of certain taxes and were granted exclusive rights to high...

1499 : Union of Kraków and Vilnius

16th century

1501 June 17 : Death of Jan I Olbracht
1501 October 3 : Union of Mielnik

Union of Mielnik

The Act of Mielnik or Union of Mielnik was an attempt to unite the Kingdom of Poland with the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in 1501. It was not ratified by the Lithuanian Seimas or by the Polish Sejm . The Act of Mielnik remained just a political project...

1501 December 12 : Coronation of Alexander Jagiellon

Alexander Jagiellon

Alexander of the House of Jagiellon was the Grand Duke of Lithuania and later also King of Poland. He was the fourth son of Casimir IV Jagiellon...

1505 May 3 : Signing of act of Nihil novi

Nihil novi

Nihil novi nisi commune consensu is the original Latin title of a 1505 act adopted by the Polish Sejm , meeting in the royal castle at Radom.-History:...

1506 August 19 : Death of Alexander Jagiellon
1507 January 24 : Coronation of Sigismund I the Old

Sigismund I the Old

Sigismund I of Poland , of the Jagiellon dynasty, reigned as King of Poland and also as the Grand Duke of Lithuania from 1506 until 1548...

1513 : Hortulus Animae, polonice

Hortulus Animae, polonice

Hortulus Animae was the Latin title of a prayer book also available in German. It was very popular in the early sixteenth century, printed in many versions, also abroad in Lyons and Kraków....

 published
1515 July : First Congress of Vienna

First Congress of Vienna

The First Congress of Vienna was held in 1515, attended by the Holy Roman Emperor, Maximilian I, and the Jagiellonian brothers, Vladislaus II, King of Hungary and King of Bohemia, and Sigismund I, King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania...

1519 : Polish-Teutonic War begins
1521 : Polish-Teutonic War concludes
1525 April 8 : Signing of the Treaty of Kraków

Treaty of Kraków

Treaty of Kraków was signed on 8 April 1525 between Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Master of the Teutonic Knights. It officially ended the Polish-Teutonic War....

1525 April 10 : Prussian Homage

Prussian Homage

The Prussian Homage or Tribute was the formal investment of Albert of Prussia as duke of the Polish fief of Ducal Prussia.In the aftermath of the armistice ending the Polish-Teutonic War Albert, Grand Master of the Teutonic Knights and a member of the House of Hohenzollern, visited Martin Luther...

1526 : Annexation of Duchy of Masovia

Duchy of Masovia

The Duchy of Masovia with its capital at Płock was a medieval duchy formed when the Polish Kingdom of the Piasts fragmented in 1138. It was located in the historic Masovian region of northeastern Poland...

1530 February 20 : Coronation of Sigismund II August
1537 : Chicken War

Chicken War

Chicken War is the colloquial name for a 1537 anti-royalist and anti-absolutist rokosz by the Polish nobility. The derisive name was coined by the magnates, who for the most part supported the King and claimed that the "war's" only effect was the near-extinction of the local chickens by the...

1543 : De revolutionibus orbium coelestium

De revolutionibus orbium coelestium

De revolutionibus orbium coelestium is the seminal work on the heliocentric theory of the Renaissance astronomer Nicolaus Copernicus...

 published
1548 April 1 : Death of Zygmunt I the Old
1558 : Livonian War

Livonian War

The Livonian War was fought for control of Old Livonia in the territory of present-day Estonia and Latvia when the Tsardom of Russia faced a varying coalition of Denmark–Norway, the Kingdom of Sweden, the Union of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Kingdom of Poland.During the period 1558–1578,...

 begins
1561 November 28 : Signing of Wilno Pact
1563 : Northern Seven Years' War

Northern Seven Years' War

The Northern Seven Years' War was the war between Kingdom of Sweden and a coalition of Denmark–Norway, Lübeck and the Polish–Lithuanian union, fought between 1563 and 1570...

 begins
1569 July 1 : Signing of the Union of Lublin

Union of Lublin

The Union of Lublin replaced the personal union of the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania with a real union and an elective monarchy, since Sigismund II Augustus, the last of the Jagiellons, remained childless after three marriages. In addition, the autonomy of Royal Prussia was...

1570 : Signing of Sandomierz Agreement

Sandomierz Agreement

The Sandomierz Agreement was an agreement reached in 1570 in Sandomierz between a number of Protestant groups in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. It was intended to unite the Calvinists, Lutherans, and Hussites and to oppose the Polish brethren....

1570 December 13 : Signing of the Treaty of Stettin

Treaty of Stettin

The Treaty of Stettin of December 13, 1570, ended the Northern Seven Years' War fought between Sweden and Denmark with her internally fragmented alliance of Lübeck and Poland. It also settled Swedish, Danish and Holy Roman Imperial claims regarding the Livonian War. Unfavourable for Sweden, it...

 concludes the Northern Seven Years' War
1572 July 7 : Death of Zygmunt II August
1573 January 28 : Signing of the Warsaw Confederation

Warsaw Confederation (1573)

The Warsaw Confederation , an important development in the history of Poland and Lithuania that extended religious tolerance to nobility and free persons within the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. , is considered the formal beginning of religious freedom in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, and...

1573 May 11 : Election of Henry of Valois

Henry III of France

Henry III was King of France from 1574 to 1589. As Henry of Valois, he was the first elected monarch of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth with the dual titles of King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania from 1573 to 1575.-Childhood:Henry was born at the Royal Château de Fontainebleau,...

1574 February 21 : Coronation of Henry Valois
1574 June 18 : Flight of Henry Valois
1575 December 9 : Election of Stehen Báthory
1576 May 1 : Coronation of Stephen Batory and Anna Jagiellon

Anna Jagiellon

Anna Jagiellon was queen of Poland from 1575 to 1586. She was the daughter of Poland's King Sigismund I the Old, and the wife of Stephen Báthory. She was elected, along with her then fiance, Báthory, as co-ruler in the second election of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth...

1579 : Founding of Vilnius University

Vilnius University

Vilnius University is the oldest university in the Baltic states and one of the oldest in Eastern Europe. It is also the largest university in Lithuania....

1582 January 15 : Signing of the Peace of Jam Zapolski

Peace of Jam Zapolski

The Truce or Treaty of Jam Zapolski, Yam Zapol'sky, Yam Zapol'skii or Zapole, signed on 15 January 1582 between the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and the Tsardom of Russia, was one of the treaties that ended the Livonian War...

 concludes Commonwealth participation in the Livonian War
1582 October 15 NS: Adoption of Gregorian calendar

Gregorian calendar

The Gregorian calendar, also known as the Western calendar, or Christian calendar, is the internationally accepted civil calendar. It was introduced by Pope Gregory XIII, after whom the calendar was named, by a decree signed on 24 February 1582, a papal bull known by its opening words Inter...

1586 December 12 : Death of Stefan Batory
1587 August 19 : Election of Sigismund III Vasa

Sigismund III Vasa

Sigismund III Vasa was King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania, a monarch of the united Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth from 1587 to 1632, and King of Sweden from 1592 until he was deposed in 1599...

1587 December 27 : Coronation of Sigismund III Waza
1591 : Kosiński Uprising

Kosinski Uprising

Kosiński Uprising is a name applied to two rebellions in Ukraine organised by Krzysztof Kosiński against the local Ruthenian nobility and magnates....

 begins
1593 : Kosiński Uprising ends
1594 : Nalyvaiko Uprising

Nalyvaiko Uprising

The Nalyvaiko Uprising was a failed Cossack rebellion against the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. Headed by Severyn Nalyvaiko, it lasted from 1594 to 1596...

 begins
1596 : Nalyvaiko Uprising ends
1596 : Transfer of capital from Kraków

Kraków

Kraków also Krakow, or Cracow , is the second largest and one of the oldest cities in Poland. Situated on the Vistula River in the Lesser Poland region, the city dates back to the 7th century. Kraków has traditionally been one of the leading centres of Polish academic, cultural, and artistic life...

 to Warsaw

Warsaw

Warsaw is the capital and largest city of Poland. It is located on the Vistula River, roughly from the Baltic Sea and from the Carpathian Mountains. Its population in 2010 was estimated at 1,716,855 residents with a greater metropolitan area of 2,631,902 residents, making Warsaw the 10th most...

1596 : Union of Brest

Union of Brest

Union of Brest or Union of Brześć refers to the 1595-1596 decision of the Church of Rus', the "Metropolia of Kiev-Halych and all Rus'", to break relations with the Patriarch of Constantinople and place themselves under the Pope of Rome. At the time, this church included most Ukrainians and...

 concludes

17th century

1605 : Polish-Muscovite War

Polish-Muscovite War (1605–1618)

The Polish–Muscovite War took place in the early 17th century as a sequence of military conflicts and eastward invasions carried out by the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, or the private armies and mercenaries led by the magnates , when the Russian Tsardom was torn into a series of civil wars, the...

 begins
1606 : Zebrzydowski Rebellion begins
1618 : Signing of the Truce of Deulino

Truce of Deulino

Truce of Deulino was signed on 11 December 1618 and took effect on 4 January 1619. It concluded the Polish–Muscovite War between the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and the Tsardom of Russia....

 concludes the Polish-Muscovite War

1620 : Polish-Ottoman War

Polish-Ottoman War (1620–1621)

The Polish-Ottoman War or First Polish-Ottoman War was a conflict between the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and the Ottoman Empire over the control of Moldavia...

 begins
1621 : Polish-Ottoman War

Polish-Ottoman War (1620–1621)

The Polish-Ottoman War or First Polish-Ottoman War was a conflict between the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and the Ottoman Empire over the control of Moldavia...

 ends
1625 : Signing of the Treaty of Kurukove

Treaty of Kurukove

The Treaty of Kurukove was an agreement between Hetman Stanisław Koniecpolski of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and Mykhailo Doroshenko of the Ukrainian Cossacks. After four days of negotiations, it was signed on 5 November 1625 near Lake Kurukove and what is now Kremenchuk. The treaty was a...

1629 : Signing of the Truce of Altmark

Truce of Altmark

The six-year Truce of Altmark was signed on 25 September 1629 at the Altmark , near Danzig by Sweden and Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth during Thirty Years' War, ending the Polish–Swedish War ....

1632 April 30 : Death of Sigismund III Waza
1632 : Election sejm

Election Sejm of 1632

The Election Sejm of 1632 was the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth's election sejm that elevated Władysław IV Waza to the Polish throne...

1632 November 8 : Election of Władysław IV Vasa

Władysław IV Vasa

Władysław IV Vasa was a Polish and Swedish prince from the House of Vasa. He reigned as King of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth from 8 November 1632 to his death in 1648....

1632 : Smolensk War

Smolensk War

The Smolensk War was a conflict fought between the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and Russia.Hostilities began in October 1632 when Tsar forces tried to recapture the city of Smolensk, a former Russian possession. Small military engagements produced mixed results for both sides, but the surrender...

 begins
1633 February 6 : Coronation of Władysław IV Vasa
1633 : Polish-Ottoman War

Polish-Ottoman War (1633–1634)

Polish-Ottoman War of 1633–1634 refers to one of the many conflicts between the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and Ottoman Empire and its vassals.- Background :Mehmed Abazy was governor of the Ottoman province Sylistria...

 begins
1634 : Signing of the Treaty of Polanów

Treaty of Polanów

The Treaty of Polyanovka was a peace treaty signed on 14 June 1634 between the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and Tsardom of Russia in the village of Semlevo located near the Polyanovka river between Vyazma and Dorogobuzh....

 concludes the Smolensk War
1634 : Polish-Ottoman War ends
1635 September 12 : Signing of the Treaty of Sztumska Wieś

Treaty of Sztumska Wies

The Treaty of Stuhmsdorf or Sztumska Wieś was a treaty signed on 12 September 1635 between the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and Sweden in the village of Stuhmsdorf , Royal Prussia, just south of Stuhm ....

1648 May 20 : Death of Władysław IV Waza
1648 : Khmelnytskyi Uprising begins
1648 November 20 : Election of John II Casimir Vasa
1649 January 17 : Coronation of John II Casimir Vasa
1649 August 17 : Signing of the Treaty of Zboriv

Treaty of Zboriv

The Treaty of Zboriv was signed on August 17, 1649, after the Battle of Zboriv when the Crown forces of about 25,000 led by king John II Casimir of Poland clashed against a combined force of Cossacks and Crimean Tatars, led by hetman Bohdan Khmelnytsky and khan İslâm III Giray of Crimea...

1651 June 14 : Kostka-Napierski Uprising

Kostka-Napierski Uprising

The Kostka Napierski Uprising was a peasant revolt in Poland in 1651.It took place at the same time as the more important Chmielnicki Uprising in the south-east part of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and during the Swedish preparation to invade the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.Aleksander...

 begins
1651 June 24 : Kostka-Napierski Uprising ends
1651 September 28 : Signing of the Treaty of Bila Tserkva

Treaty of Bila Tserkva

The Treaty of Bila Tserkva was a peace treaty between the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and the Ukrainian Cossacks in the aftermath of the Battle of Bila Tserkva...

1654 : Khmelnytskyi Uprising ends
1654 : Russo-Polish War

Russo-Polish War (1654–1667)

The Russo-Polish War of 1654–1667, also called Thirteen Years' War, First Northern War, War for Ukraine was the last major conflict between Tsardom of Russia and the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. Between 1655 and 1660, the Second Northern War was also fought in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth,...

 begins
1655 : Deluge begins
1655 August 18 : Signing of the Union of Kėdainiai

Union of Kedainiai

Union of Kėdainiai was an agreement between several magnates of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the king of the Swedish Empire, Charles X Gustav. It was signed on 20 October 1655 during the "Swedish Deluge", part of the Second Northern War...

 
1655 December 29 : Tyszowce Confederation

Tyszowce Confederation

The Tyszowce Confederation was set up by the Polish army under the command of Great Crown Hetman Stanisław Rewera Potocki and Field Crown Hetman Stanisław Lanckoroński 29 December 1655 in Tyszowce, east of Zamość. It was the turning point of the war of Poland with Sweden during The Deluge...

 formed
1657 September 9 : Signing of the Treaty of Welawa
1657 November 6 : Signing of the Treaty of Bydgoszcz

Treaty of Bydgoszcz

The Treaty of Bromberg or Treaty of Bydgoszcz was a treaty between John II Casimir of Poland and Elector Frederick William of Brandenburg-Prussia, ratified at Bromberg on 6 November 1657...

1658 September 16 : Signing of the Treaty of Hadiach

Treaty of Hadiach

The Treaty of Hadiach was a treaty signed on 16 September 1658 in Hadiach between representatives of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and Cossacks...

1660 May 3 : Signing of the Treaty of Oliva

Treaty of Oliva

The Treaty or Peace of Oliva of 23 April /3 May 1660 was one of the peace treaties ending the Second Northern War...

 concludes the Deluge
1665 : Lubomirski's Rokosz

Lubomirski's Rokosz

Lubomirski's Rokosz, or Lubomirski's Rebellion , was a rebellion against Polish King Jan II Kazimierz Vasa, initiated by the Polish nobleman, Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski.In 1665-66, Lubomirski's supporters paralyzed the proceedings of the Sejm...

 begins
1666 : Lubomirski's Rokosz ends
1667 January 30 : Signing of the Treaty of Andrusovo

Treaty of Andrusovo

The Truce of Andrusovo was a thirteen and a half year truce, signed in 1667 between Tsardom of Russia and the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, which were at war since 1654 over the territories of modern-day Ukraine and Belarus....

 concludes the Russo-Polish War
1668 September 16 : Abdication of John II Casimir Vasa
1669 June 16 : Election of Michael Korybut Wiśniowiecki
1669 September 29 : Coronation of Michael Korybut Wiśniowiecki
1672 : Polish-Ottoman War

Polish-Ottoman War (1672–1676)

Polish–Ottoman War or Second Polish–Ottoman War was a war between the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and the Ottoman Empire, as part of the Great Turkish War. It ended in 1676 with the Treaty of Żurawno and the Commonwealth ceding control of most of its Ukraine territories to the...

 begins
1672 October 12 : Signing of the Peace of Buczacz

Peace of Buczacz

The Treaty of Buchach was signed on 16 or 18 October 1672 in Buczacz between the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and the Ottoman Empire, ended the first phase of the Polish-Ottoman War...

 
1673 November 10 : Death of Michael Korybut Wiśniowiecki
1674 May 19 : Election of John III Sobieski

John III Sobieski

John III Sobieski was one of the most notable monarchs of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, from 1674 until his death King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania. Sobieski's 22-year-reign was marked by a period of the Commonwealth's stabilization, much needed after the turmoil of the Deluge and...

1676 February 2 : Coronation of John III Sobieski
1676 October 17 : Signing of the Treaty of Żurawno concludes the Polish-Ottoman War

Polish-Ottoman War (1672–1676)

Polish–Ottoman War or Second Polish–Ottoman War was a war between the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and the Ottoman Empire, as part of the Great Turkish War. It ended in 1676 with the Treaty of Żurawno and the Commonwealth ceding control of most of its Ukraine territories to the...

1686 : Signing of the Eternal Peace Treaty

Eternal Peace Treaty of 1686

The Eternal Peace Treaty of 1686 was a treaty between Tsardom of Russia and Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, signed by Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth envoys: voivod of Poznań Krzysztof Grzymułtowski and chancellor of Lithuania Marcjan Ogiński and Russian knyaz Vasily Vasilyevich...

1696 June 17 : Death of John III Sobieski
1697 June 27 : Election of August II the Strong
1697 September 15 : Coronation of August II the Strong
1699 January 26 : Signing of the Treaty of Karlowitz

Treaty of Karlowitz

The Treaty of Karlowitz was signed on 26 January 1699 in Sremski Karlovci , concluding the Austro-Ottoman War of 1683–1697 in which the Ottoman side had been defeated at the Battle of Zenta...

 concludes the Great Turkish War

Great Turkish War

The Great Turkish War refers to a series of conflicts between the Ottoman Empire and contemporary European powers, then joined into a Holy League, during the second half of the 17th century.-1667–1683:...

1699 : Signing of the Treaty of Preobrazhenskoye

Treaty of Preobrazhenskoye

The Treaty of Preobrazhenskoye was negotiated by Johann Patkul and signed on November 22, 1699 in Preobrazhenskoye , a favoured residence of the tsar Peter the Great. It followed an informal meeting of Peter and Augustus at Rava in August 1698...

18th century

1704 February 16 : Warsaw Confederation

Warsaw Confederation (1704)

The Warsaw Confederation was a confederation against King of Poland August II the Strong. It was formed on February 16, 1704 in Warsaw. It dethroned August II and declared Stanisław Leszczyński king. In response, the supporters of August II formed the Sandomierz Confederation on May 20....

 formed
1704 May 20 : Sandomierz Confederation

Sandomierz Confederation

The Sandomierz Confederation was a confederation formed on May 20, 1704 in defense of the King of Poland, August II the Strong. It was formed in reaction to the Warsaw Confederation. Its marshal was Stanisław Ernest Denhoff. The confederation lasted until 1717, when it was disbanded by the...

 formed
1704 July 12 : Election of Stanisław Leszczyński
1705 October 4 : Coronation of Stanisław Leszczyński
1706 September 24 : Signing of the Treaty of Altranstadt

Treaty of Altranstädt

Treaty of Altranstädt may refer to*Treaty of Altranstädt , a peace treaty between Saxony, Poland-Lithuania and Sweden, including the abdication of Augustus the Strong...

1709 July 8 : Restoration of August II the Strong
1715 : Tarnogród Confederation

Tarnogród Confederation

The Tarnogród Confederation was a confederation of szlachta in Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, in the years 1715–1716. It was formed on 26 November 1715 in Tarnogród by nobility angered by illegal taxation, levied for Saxon forces operating in Grand Duchy of Lithuania on behalf of Augustus II the...

 begins
1716 : Tarnogród Confederation

Tarnogród Confederation

The Tarnogród Confederation was a confederation of szlachta in Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, in the years 1715–1716. It was formed on 26 November 1715 in Tarnogród by nobility angered by illegal taxation, levied for Saxon forces operating in Grand Duchy of Lithuania on behalf of Augustus II the...

 ends
1717 February 1 : Silent Sejm

Silent Sejm

Silent Sejm is the name given to the session of the Sejm of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth of 1 February 1717. A civil war in the Commonwealth was used by the Russian Tsar Peter the Great as an opportunity to intervene as a mediator...

1724 December 7 : Tumult of Thorn
1733 February 1 : Death of August II the Strong
1733 : War of the Polish Succession

War of the Polish Succession

The War of the Polish Succession was a major European war for princes' possessions sparked by a Polish civil war over the succession to Augustus II, King of Poland that other European powers widened in pursuit of their own national interests...

 begins
1733 October 5 : Election of August III the Saxon
1734 January 17 : Coronation of August III the Saxon
1734 November 5 : Dzików Confederation

Dzików Confederation

The Dzikowska Confederation was a military organisation formed in 1734 in Dzików by supporters of Stanisław I Leszczyński during the War of Polish Succession, under the leadership of Adam Tarło....

 formed
1736 : Pacification Sejm

Pacification Sejm

The Pacification Sejm was a session of the Sejm in 1736 that concluded the War of the Polish Succession in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth that erupted after the death of Augustus II the Strong in February 1733...

1738 November 18 : Treaty of Vienna

Treaty of Vienna (1738)

The Treaty of Vienna or Peace of Vienna was signed on November 18, 1738. It ended the War of the Polish Succession. By the terms of the treaty, Stanisław Leszczyński renounced his claim on the Polish throne and recognized Augustus III, Duke of Saxony. As compensation he received instead the...

 concludes the War of the Polish Succession
1763 October 5 : Death of Augustus III

Augustus III of Poland

Augustus III, known as the Saxon ; ; also Prince-elector Friedrich August II was the Elector of Saxony in 1733-1763, as Frederick Augustus II , King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania in 1734-1763.-Biography:Augustus was the only legitimate son of Augustus II the Strong, Imperial Prince-Elector...

1764 : Convocation Sejm

Convocation Sejm (1764)

The Convocation Sejm of 1764 was a session of the Sejm of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. It took place in Warsaw from 7 May to 23 June, and was a confederated convocation sejm, tasked with preparing a new royal election to fill the throne of the Commonwealth...

1764 September 7 : Election of Stanisław August Poniatowski
1764 November 25 : Coronation of Stanisław August Poniatowski
1767 March 20 : Słuck Confederation formed
1767 June 23 : Radom Confederation

Radom Confederation

Radom Confederation was a konfederacja of nobility in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth formed in Radom on 23 June 1767 to prevent reforms and defend the Golden Liberties...

 formed
1767 : Repnin Sejm

Repnin Sejm

The Repnin Sejm was a Sejm of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth that took place between 1767 and 1768 in Warsaw. This session followed the Sejms of 1764 to 1766, where the newly elected King of Poland, Stanisław August Poniatowski, attempted with some successes to push through reforms to...

 begins
1768 February 29 : Signing of the Bar Confederation

Bar Confederation

The Bar Confederation was an association of Polish nobles formed at the fortress of Bar in Podolia in 1768 to defend the internal and external independence of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth against Russian influence and against King Stanisław August Poniatowski and Polish reformers who were...

1768 : Koliyivschyna

Koliyivschyna

Koliyivshchyna 1768-1769 was a Ukrainian Cossack and peasant rebellion against Poland, which was responsible for the murder of noblemen , Jews, Uniates, and Catholic priests across the part of the country west of the Dnieper river...

1768 : Massacre of Uman

Massacre of Uman

The Massacre of Uman was the 1768 massacre of the Jews, Poles and Ukrainian Uniates at Uman in Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth by the Ukrainian rebel Haidamak army....

1772 : First Partition of Poland

First Partition of Poland

The First Partition of Poland or First Partition of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth took place in 1772 as the first of three partitions that ended the existence of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth by 1795. Growth in the Russian Empire's power, threatening the Kingdom of Prussia and the...

1773 October 14 : Creation of Commission of National Education

Komisja Edukacji Narodowej

The Commission of National Education was the central educational authority in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, created by the Sejm and king Stanisław August Poniatowski on October 14, 1773...

1788 : Great Sejm

Great Sejm

The Great Sejm, also known as the Four-Year Sejm was a Sejm of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth that was held in Warsaw, beginning in 1788...

 begins
1789 December 2 : Black procession

Black Procession

Black procession refers to a demonstration held by burghers in Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth's capital of Warsaw on 2 December 1789, during the Great Sejm. It vastly constributed to the passage of a belated major urban reform....

1790 March 29 : Signing of Polish-Prussian alliance

Polish-Prussian alliance

The Polish-Lithuanian and Prussian alliance was an alliance signed on 29 March 1790 in Warsaw between representatives of the Republic of Poland and the Kingdom of Prussia. Prussia tried to take opportunity of the Russian Empire's wars with the Ottoman Empire and Sweden and move the weak...

1791 April 18 : Free Royal Cities Act

Free Royal Cities Act

The Free Royal Cities Act was an act adopted by the Four-Year Sejm of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth on April 18, 1791, in the run-up to the adoption of the...

1791 May 3 : Adoption of Constitution of May 3
1792 May 14 : Signing of Targowica Confederation

Targowica Confederation

The Targowica Confederation was a confederation established by Polish and Lithuanian magnates on 27 April 1792, in Saint Petersburg, with the backing of the Russian Empress Catherine II. The confederation opposed the Polish Constitution of May 3, 1791, which had been adopted by the Great Sejm,...

1792 May 29 : Great Sejm ends
1792 : Polish-Russian War

Polish-Russian War of 1792

The Polish–Russian War of 1792 or War in Defence of the Constitution was fought between the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth on one side, and the Targowica Confederation and the Russian Empire on the other....

1793 : Second Partition of Poland

Second Partition of Poland

The 1793 Second Partition of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth was the second of three partitions that ended the existence of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth by 1795. The second partition occurred in the aftermath of the War in Defense of the Constitution and the Targowica Confederation of 1792...

1793 : Grodno Sejm

Grodno Sejm

Grodno Sejm was the last Sejm of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. The Grodno Sejm, held in fall of 1793 in Grodno, Grand Duchy of Lithuania is infamous because its deputies, bribed or coerced by the Russian Empire, passed the act of Second Partition of Poland...

1794 March 12 : Kościuszko Uprising

Kosciuszko Uprising

The Kościuszko Uprising was an uprising against Imperial Russia and the Kingdom of Prussia led by Tadeusz Kościuszko in Poland, Belarus and Lithuania in 1794...

 begins
1794 March 24 : Kościuszko's proclamation

Kosciuszko's proclamation

Kościuszko's proclamation refers to a speech given by Tadeusz Kościuszko in Kraków on March 24, 1794. The speech is considered the starting point of the Kościuszko's Uprising against the forces of Imperial Russia occupying Poland....

1794 May 7 : Issuance of Proclamation of Połaniec
1794 August 20 : Greater Poland Uprising begins
1795 : Third Partition of Poland

Third Partition of Poland

The Third Partition of Poland or Third Partition of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth took place in 1795 as the third and last of three partitions that ended the existence of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.-Background:...

1795 November 25 : Abdication of Stanisław August Poniatowski

19th century

1806 November 3 : Greater Poland Uprising begins
1807 July 9 : Signing of the second Treaty of Tilsit

Treaties of Tilsit

The Treaties of Tilsit were two agreements signed by Napoleon I of France in the town of Tilsit in July, 1807 in the aftermath of his victory at Friedland. The first was signed on 7 July, between Tsar Alexander I of Russia and Napoleon I of France, when they met on a raft in the middle of the Neman...

1809 October 14 : Signing of the Treaty of Schönbrunn

Treaty of Schönbrunn

The Treaty of Schönbrunn , sometimes known as the Treaty of Vienna, was signed between France and Austria at the Schönbrunn Palace of Vienna on 14 October 1809. This treaty ended the Fifth Coalition during the Napoleonic Wars...

1815 June 9 : Congress of Vienna

Congress of Vienna

The Congress of Vienna was a conference of ambassadors of European states chaired by Klemens Wenzel von Metternich, and held in Vienna from September, 1814 to June, 1815. The objective of the Congress was to settle the many issues arising from the French Revolutionary Wars, the Napoleonic Wars,...

 concludes
1815 October 18 : Free City of Kraków

Free City of Kraków

The Free, Independent, and Strictly Neutral City of Kraków with its Territory , more commonly known as either the Free City of Kraków or Republic of Kraków , was a city-state created by the Congress of Vienna in 1815, and controlled by its three neighbours until 1846, when in the aftermath of the...

 proclaimed
1815 November 27 : Adoption of Constitution of the Kingdom of Poland

Constitution of the Kingdom of Poland

The Constitution of the Kingdom of Poland was granted to the 'Congress' Kingdom of Poland by the King of Poland, Alexander I of Russia, who was obliged to issue a constitution to the newly recreated Polish state under his domain as specified by the Congress of Vienna...

1825 December 1 : Death of Alexander I of Russia

Alexander I of Russia

Alexander I of Russia , served as Emperor of Russia from 23 March 1801 to 1 December 1825 and the first Russian King of Poland from 1815 to 1825. He was also the first Russian Grand Duke of Finland and Lithuania....

1829 May 24 : Coronation of Nicholas I of Russia

Nicholas I of Russia

Nicholas I , was the Emperor of Russia from 1825 until 1855, known as one of the most reactionary of the Russian monarchs. On the eve of his death, the Russian Empire reached its historical zenith spanning over 20 million square kilometers...

1830 November 29 : November Uprising

November Uprising

The November Uprising , Polish–Russian War 1830–31 also known as the Cadet Revolution, was an armed rebellion in the heartland of partitioned Poland against the Russian Empire. The uprising began on 29 November 1830 in Warsaw when the young Polish officers from the local Army of the Congress...

 begins
1846 February 19 : Kraków Uprising

Kraków Uprising

The Kraków Uprising of February 1846 was an attempt, led by Edward Dembowski, to incite a Polish fight for national independence. Even though most of Poland was part of the Russian Empire, the Polish risings were conducted mainly in Prussia and in the Austrian Empire.-History:Most of the...

 begins
1846 March 4 : Kraków Uprising ends
1846 November 16 : Free City of Kraków incorporated into the Austrian Empire

Austrian Empire

The Austrian Empire was a modern era successor empire, which was centered on what is today's Austria and which officially lasted from 1804 to 1867. It was followed by the Empire of Austria-Hungary, whose proclamation was a diplomatic move that elevated Hungary's status within the Austrian Empire...

1848 : Greater Poland Uprising
1863 January 22 : January Uprising

January Uprising

The January Uprising was an uprising in the former Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth against the Russian Empire...

 begins
1864 March 2 : Abolition of serfdom in Congress Poland

Congress Poland

The Kingdom of Poland , informally known as Congress Poland , created in 1815 by the Congress of Vienna, was a personal union of the Russian parcel of Poland with the Russian Empire...

1900's

1908 September : Bezdany raid

Bezdany raid

Bezdany raid was a train robbery carried out on the night of 26/27 September 1908 in the vicinity of Bezdany near Vilna on a Russian Empire passenger and mail train by a group of Polish revolutionaries, led by future Polish national hero and dictator, Józef Piłsudski.- Background :Piłsudski...

1916 November 5 : Signing of the Act of November 5th

Act of November 5th

The Act of 5th November of 1916 was a declaration of Emperors Wilhelm II of Germany and Franz Joseph of Austria. This act promised the creation of the Kingdom of Poland, envisioned by its authors as a puppet state allied to and controlled by the Central Powers...

1917 July 9 : Oath crisis

Oath crisis

The Oath crisis was a World War I political conflict between the Imperial German Army command and the Józef Piłsudski-led Polish Legions.Initially supporting the Central Powers against Imperial Russia, Piłsudski wanted to defeat one of the partitioning powers with the hands of the two remaining...

1918 March 3 : Signing of the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk

Treaty of Brest-Litovsk

The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk was a peace treaty signed on March 3, 1918, mediated by South African Andrik Fuller, at Brest-Litovsk between Russia and the Central Powers, headed by Germany, marking Russia's exit from World War I.While the treaty was practically obsolete before the end of the year,...

1918 November 11 : Poland regains independence
1918 December 27 : Greater Poland Uprising

Greater Poland Uprising (1918–1919)

The Greater Poland Uprising of 1918–1919, or Wielkopolska Uprising of 1918–1919 or Posnanian War was a military insurrection of Poles in the Greater Poland region against Germany...

 begins
1919 January 26 : Legislative election

Polish legislative election, 1919

The Polish legislative election, 1919 took place on 26 January and were the first election in the Second Polish Republic. The elections, based on universal suffrage and proportional representation, produced a parliament balanced between Right, Left and Center...

1919 February 14 : Polish-Soviet War

Polish-Soviet War

The Polish–Soviet War was an armed conflict between Soviet Russia and Soviet Ukraine and the Second Polish Republic and the Ukrainian People's Republic—four states in post–World War I Europe...

 begins
1919 February 16 : Greater Poland Uprising ends
1919 February 20 : Adoption of Small Constitution

Small Constitution of 1919

The Small Constitution of 1919 was the "Legislative Sejm's ordinance of February 20, 1919, entrusting Józef Piłsudski with the further execution of the office of Chief of State" . The legislation was published as Dz. Pr. P.P...

1919 : Proclamation to the inhabitants of the former Grand Duchy of Lithuania

Proclamation to the inhabitants of the former Grand Duchy of Lithuania

The Proclamation to the Inhabitants of the Former Grand Duchy of Lithuania was a bilingual proclamation, formulated by Józef Piłsudski and distributed mainly in Vilnius on April 22, 1919. The proclamation was printed in the Polish and Lithuanian languages after Polish forces captured Vilnius in...

1919 August 16 : First Silesian Uprising begins
1919 : Sejny Uprising

Sejny Uprising

The Sejny Uprising or Seinai Revolt refers to a Polish uprising in the ethnically-mixed area surrounding Sejny against the Lithuanian authorities in August 1919. When German forces, which occupied the territory during World War I, retreated from the area, the administration was handed to the...

1920 February 10 : Poland's Wedding to the Sea in Puck

Puck, Poland

Puck is a town in northwestern Poland with 11,350 inhabitants. It is in Gdańsk Pomerania on the south coast of the Baltic Sea . Previously in the Gdańsk Voivodeship , Puck has been the capital of Puck County in the Pomeranian Voivodeship since 1999.-History:The settlement became a marketplace...

1920 : Signing of Treaty of Warsaw

Treaty of Warsaw (1920)

The Treaty of Warsaw of April 1920 was an alliance between the Second Polish Republic, represented by Józef Piłsudski, and the Ukrainian People's Republic, represented by Symon Petlura, against Bolshevik Russia...

1920 July : Spa Conference

Spa Conference

The Spa Conference was a meeting between the Supreme War Council and Weimar Republic in Spa, Belgium on 5–16 July 1920. It was the first post-war conference to include German representatives. The attendees included British and French Prime Ministers Lloyd George and Alexandre Millerand, German...

1920 August 19 : Second Silesian Uprising begins
1920 : Żeligowski's Mutiny

Zeligowski's Mutiny

Żeligowski's Mutiny was a sham mutiny led by Polish General Lucjan Żeligowski in October 1920, which resulted in the creation of the short-lived Republic of Central Lithuania. Polish Chief of State Józef Piłsudski had surreptitiously ordered Żeligowski to carry out the operation, and revealed the...

1921 February 19 : Signing of the Franco-Polish Military Alliance

Franco-Polish Military Alliance

The Franco-Polish alliance was the military alliance between Poland and France that was active between 1921 and 1940.-Background:Already during the France-Habsburg rivalry that started in the 16th century, France had tried to find allies to the east of Austria, namely hoping to ally with Poland...

1921 March 17 : Adoption of March Constitution

March Constitution of Poland

The Second Polish Republic adopted the March Constitution on 17 March 1921, after ousting the occupation of the German/Prussian forces in the 1918 Greater Poland Uprising, and avoiding conquest by the Soviets in the 1920 Polish-Soviet War. The Constitution, based on the French one, was regarded as...

1921 March 18 : Signing of the Peace of Riga

Peace of Riga

The Peace of Riga, also known as the Treaty of Riga; was signed in Riga on 18 March 1921, between Poland, Soviet Russia and Soviet Ukraine. The treaty ended the Polish-Soviet War....

 concludes the Polish-Soviet War
1921 March 20 : Upper Silesia plebiscite

Upper Silesia plebiscite

The Upper Silesia plebiscite was a border referendum mandated by the Versailles Treaty and carried out in March 1921 to determine a section of the border between Weimar Germany and Poland. The region was ethnically mixed, chiefly among Germans, Poles and Silesians. According to prewar statistics,...

1921 May 2 : Third Silesian Uprising begins
1922 November : Legislative election

Polish legislative election, 1922

The Polish legislative election, 1922 lasted from 2 to 12 November and was the second election in the Second Polish Republic. The elections were won by Polish Right party, National Populist Association , however it did not obtain a majority - it got only 98 out of 444 seats...

1922 December 9 : Gabriel Narutowicz

Gabriel Narutowicz

Gabriel Narutowicz was a Lithuanian-born professor of hydroelectric engineering at Switzerland's Zurich Polytechnic, and Poland's Minister of Public Works , Minister of Foreign Affairs , and the first president of the Second Polish Republic....

 becomes President
1922 December 16 : Assassination of Gabriel Narutowicz
1922 December 22 : Stanisław Wojciechowski becomes President
1925 December 1 : Signing of the Locarno Treaties

Locarno Treaties

The Locarno Treaties were seven agreements negotiated at Locarno, Switzerland, on 5 October – 16 October 1925 and formally signed in London on 3 December, in which the First World War Western European Allied powers and the new states of central and Eastern Europe sought to secure the post-war...

1926 May : May Coup
1926 June 4 : Ignacy Mościcki

Ignacy Moscicki

Ignacy Mościcki was a Polish chemist, politician, and President of Poland . He was the longest-serving President of Poland .-Life:...

 becomes President
1928 : Legislative election

Polish legislative election, 1928

The Polish legislative election, 1928 lasted from 4 to 11 March and was the third election in the Second Polish Republic. Bezpartyjny Blok Współpracy z Rządem ) - a coalition of the Sanacja faction - won the highest number of seats The Polish legislative election, 1928 lasted from 4 to 11 March and...

1930 November 16 : Legislative election

Polish legislative election, 1930

Polish legislative election, 1930, also known as the Brest elections , were the elections to the Sejm on 16 November 1930. The pro-Sanacja Bezpartyjny Blok Współpracy z Rządem party took 56% of the votes...

1932 July 25 : Signing of the Soviet-Polish Non-Aggression Pact

Soviet-Polish Non-Aggression Pact

The Soviet–Polish Non-Aggression Pact ) was an international treaty of non-aggression signed in 1932 by representatives of Poland and the USSR. The pact was unilaterally broken by the Soviet Union on September 17, 1939, during the Nazi and Soviet invasion of Poland.-Background:After the...

1934 January 26 : Signing of the German-Polish Non-Aggression Pact

German-Polish Non-Aggression Pact

The German–Polish Non-Aggression Pact was an international treaty between Nazi Germany and the Second Polish Republic signed on January 26, 1934. In it, both countries pledged to resolve their problems through bilateral negotiations and to forgo armed conflict for a period of ten years...

1935 April 23 : Adoption of April Constitution

Polish Constitution of 1935

The April Constitution of Poland was the general law passed by the act of the Polish Sejm on 23 April 1935. It introduced in Poland a presidential system with certain elements of authoritarianism....

1935 May 12 : Death of Józef Piłsudski
1935 : Legislative election

Polish legislative election, 1935

The Polish legislative election, 1935 took place on 8 to 15 September of that year. It was the next to last election held in the Second Polish Republic....

1938 April 1 : Territorial changes of Polish Voivodeships

Territorial changes of Polish Voivodeships on April 1, 1938

On April 1, 1938, borders of several western and central Voivodeships changed considerably. This included such Voivodeships as Pomerania, Poznan, Warsaw, Lodz, Bialystok, Lublin and Kielce. Pomerania gained most, while Bialystok lost most...

1938 October : Annexation of Zaolzie

Zaolzie

Zaolzie is the Polish name for an area now in the Czech Republic which was disputed between interwar Poland and Czechoslovakia. The name means "lands beyond the Olza River"; it is also called Śląsk zaolziański, meaning "trans-Olza Silesia". Equivalent terms in other languages include Zaolší in...

1938 : Legislative election

Polish legislative election, 1938

The Polish legislative election, 1938 was held on 6 to 11 November of that year. It was the last election in the Second Polish Republic. This election was held under the April Constitution of 1935, which was written to favor the Sanation movement....

1939 August 22 : Armenian quote

Armenian quote

The Armenian quote is a paragraph understood to have been included in a speech by Adolf Hitler to Wehrmacht commanders at his Obersalzberg home on August 22, 1939, a week before the German invasion of Poland...

1939 August 23 : Signing of the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact

Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact

The Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact, named after the Soviet foreign minister Vyacheslav Molotov and the German foreign minister Joachim von Ribbentrop, was an agreement officially titled the Treaty of Non-Aggression between Germany and the Soviet Union and signed in Moscow in the late hours of 23 August 1939...

1939 August 25 : Signing of the Polish-British Common Defence Pact

Polish-British Common Defence Pact

The Anglo-Polish military alliance refers to agreements reached between the United Kingdom and the Polish Second Republic for mutual assistance in case of military invasion by "a European Power". According to the secret protocol added to the treaty the phrase "a European Power" used in the...

1939 August 29 : Peking Plan

Peking Plan

The Peking PlanThe "Peking" in the name is the traditional English spelling of the former name of the city that is now the capital of China, which is now spelled in the pinyin system 'Beijing'. At the time, the city was not the capital, and its name was Peiping. Before the Second World War in the...

 begins
1939 August 31 : Gleiwitz incident

Gleiwitz incident

The Gleiwitz incident was a staged attack by Nazi forces posing as Poles on 31 August 1939, against the German radio station Sender Gleiwitz in Gleiwitz, Upper Silesia, Germany on the eve of World War II in Europe....

 begins
1939 September 1 : Invasion of Poland

Invasion of Poland (1939)

The Invasion of Poland, also known as the September Campaign or 1939 Defensive War in Poland and the Poland Campaign in Germany, was an invasion of Poland by Germany, the Soviet Union, and a small Slovak contingent that marked the start of World War II in Europe...

 begins; Bombing of Wieluń

Bombing of Wielun

The bombing of Wieluń refers to the bombing of the Polish town of Wieluń by the German Luftwaffe on 1 September 1939. The Luftwaffe started bombing Wielun at 4:40 am, five minutes before the shelling of Westerplatte, which has traditionally been considered the beginning of World War II. It is...

1939 September 2 : masacre on Torzeniec

Torzeniec

Torzeniec is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Doruchów, within Ostrzeszów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It lies approximately south-east of Doruchów, east of Ostrzeszów, and south-east of the regional capital Poznań.-References:...

 village
1939 September 3 : Bloody Sunday
1939 September 9 : German Massacre in Ciepielów

Massacre in Ciepielów

Massacre in Ciepielów on 8 September 1939 was one of the largest and best documented war crimes of the Wehrmacht during its Invasion of Poland....

 on polish POW
1939 September 13 : Bombing of Frampol

Bombing of Frampol

The Bombing of Frampol happened during the German invasion of Poland in 1939. On 13 September, the town of Frampol , with a population of 4,000, was bombed by the German Luftwaffe as a practice run for future missions. Over 60% to 90% of town's infrastructure was destroyed; only two streets...

1939 September 17 : Soviet invasion of Poland

Soviet invasion of Poland (1939)

The 1939 Soviet invasion of Poland was a Soviet military operation that started without a formal declaration of war on 17 September 1939, during the early stages of World War II. Sixteen days after Nazi Germany invaded Poland from the west, the Soviet Union did so from the east...

1939 September 18 : Orzeł incident
1939 November 6 : Sonderaktion Krakau

Sonderaktion Krakau

Sonderaktion Krakau was the codename for a German operation against professors and academics from the University of Kraków and other Kraków universities at the beginning of World War II....

1940 March 5 : Authorization of Katyń massacre

Katyn massacre

The Katyn massacre, also known as the Katyn Forest massacre , was a mass execution of Polish nationals carried out by the People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs , the Soviet secret police, in April and May 1940. The massacre was prompted by Lavrentiy Beria's proposal to execute all members of...

1940 May 16 : Authorization of AB Action
1941 July : Massacre of Lwów professors

Massacre of Lwów professors

In July 1941, 25 Polish academics from the city of Lwów, Poland ; now in Ukraine) were killed by Nazi German occupation forces along with their families and guests...

1941 July 10 : Jedwabne pogrom

Jedwabne pogrom

The Jedwabne pogrom of July 1941 during German occupation of Poland, was a massacre of at least 340 Polish Jews of all ages. These are the official findings of the Institute of National Remembrance, "confirmed by the number of victims in the two graves, according to the estimate of the...

1941 August 17 : Signing of the Sikorski-Mayski Agreement

Sikorski-Mayski Agreement

The Sikorski–Mayski Agreement was a treaty between the Soviet Union and Poland signed in London on 30 July 1941. Its name was coined after the two most notable signatories: Polish Prime Minister Władysław Sikorski and Soviet Ambassador to the United Kingdom Ivan Mayski.- Details :After signing...

1943 March 26 : Operation Arsenal

Operation Arsenal

The Operation Arsenal, code name: "Meksyk II" was the first major operation by the Szare Szeregi Polish Underground formation during the Nazi occupation of Poland. It took place on March 26, 1943 in Warsaw...

1943 July 4 : Death of Władysław Sikorski
1943 July 11 : Beginning of Massacres of Poles in Volhynia

Massacres of Poles in Volhynia

The Massacres of Poles in Volhynia and Eastern Galicia were part of an ethnic cleansing operation carried out by the Ukrainian Insurgent Army West in the Nazi occupied regions of the Eastern Galicia , and UPA North in Volhynia , beginning in March 1943 and lasting until the end of...

1943 December 1 : Tehran Conference

Tehran Conference

The Tehran Conference was the meeting of Joseph Stalin, Franklin D. Roosevelt and Winston Churchill between November 28 and December 1, 1943, most of which was held at the Soviet Embassy in Tehran, Iran. It was the first World War II conference amongst the Big Three in which Stalin was present...

 concludes
1943 April 19 : Warsaw Ghetto Uprising

Warsaw Ghetto Uprising

The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising was the Jewish resistance that arose within the Warsaw Ghetto in German occupied Poland during World War II, and which opposed Nazi Germany's effort to transport the remaining ghetto population to Treblinka extermination camp....

 begins
1943 May 16 : Warsaw Ghetto Uprising ends
1944 January 29 : Koniuchy massacre

Koniuchy massacre

The Koniuchy massacre was a massacre of civilians carried out by a Soviet partisan unit along with a contingent of Jewish partisans under their command during the Second World War in the Polish village of Koniuchy on January 29, 1944.-Massacre:A small local self defence unit was created to defend...

1944 February 28 : Huta Pieniacka massacre

Huta Pieniacka massacre

The Huta Pieniacka massacre was a punitive military operation against the inhabitants of the ethnically Polish village Huta Pieniacka, located in western Ukraine, which took place on February 28, 1944. Estimates of the number of victims range from 500 to 1,200.Polish and Ukrainian historians...

1944 : Glinciszki massacre

Glinciszki massacre

Glinciszki massacre refers to a mass murder that occurred on 20 June 1944 in the village of Glitiškės . In the massacre, thirty-seven mostly Polish villagers were killed by Nazi subordinated Lithuanian policemen retaliating for the death of four policemen that occurred during a fight with element...

1944 July 22 : Proclamation of the PKWN Manifesto

PKWN Manifesto

The Manifesto of the Polish Committee of National Liberation known as July or PKWN Manifesto was a political manifesto of the Polish Committee of National Liberation, a Soviet-backed provisional government, which operated in opposition to the London-based Polish government in exile.It was...

1944 July 25 : Operation Most III

Operation Most III

Operation Most III or Operation Wildhorn III was a World War II operation in which Poland's Armia Krajowa provided the Allies with crucial intelligence on the German V-2 rocket.-Background:...

 begins
1944 August 1 : Warsaw Uprising

Warsaw Uprising

The Warsaw Uprising was a major World War II operation by the Polish resistance Home Army , to liberate Warsaw from Nazi Germany. The rebellion was timed to coincide with the Soviet Union's Red Army approaching the eastern suburbs of the city and the retreat of German forces...

 begins
1944 August : Wola massacre

Wola massacre

The Wola massacre was the scene of the largest single massacre in the history of Poland. According to different sources, some 40,000 to 100,000 Polish civilians and POWs were killed by the German forces during their suppression of the Warsaw Uprising...

1944 October 2 : Warsaw Uprising ends
1945 January 27 : Przyszowice massacre

Przyszowice massacre

The Przyszowice massacre was a massacre perpetrated by the Red Army against civilian inhabitants of the Polish village of Przyszowice in Upper Silesia during the period January 26 to January 28, 1945. Sources vary on the number of victims, which range from 54 to over 60 – and possibly as many as 69...

1945 February 11 : Yalta Conference

Yalta Conference

The Yalta Conference, sometimes called the Crimea Conference and codenamed the Argonaut Conference, held February 4–11, 1945, was the wartime meeting of the heads of government of the United States, the United Kingdom, and the Soviet Union, represented by President Franklin D...

 concludes
1945 March : Pawłokoma massacre
1945 March 17 : Poland's Wedding to the Sea in Mrzeżyno

Mrzezyno

Mrzeżyno is a village with a fishing seaport in Gryfice County. This is also a health resort with a lots of pensions, campsites and spa. It is located near the estuary of the Rega river. The village has a popular beach. Every year in July and August, Mrzeżyno is visited by many Polish and German...

1945 March 18 : Poland's Wedding to the Sea in Kołobrzeg
1945 June : Augustów chase 1945

Augustów chase 1945

The Augustów roundup was a military operation against the Polish World War II anti-communist partisans and sympathizers following the Soviet takeover of Poland...

; Trial of the Sixteen

Trial of the Sixteen

The Trial of the Sixteen was a staged trial of 16 leaders of the Polish Underground State held by the Soviet Union in Moscow in 1945.-History:Some accounts say approaches were made in February with others saying March 1945...

1945 August 2 : Potsdam Conference

Potsdam Conference

The Potsdam Conference was held at Cecilienhof, the home of Crown Prince Wilhelm Hohenzollern, in Potsdam, occupied Germany, from 16 July to 2 August 1945. Participants were the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom, and the United States...

 concludes
1945 August 11 : Kraków pogrom

Kraków pogrom

The Kraków pogrom refers to the events that occurred on August 11, 1945, in the city of Kraków, Poland, which resulted in one dead and five wounded victims.-Background:...

1946 June 30 : People's referendum

Polish people's referendum, 1946

The People's Referendum of 1946, also known as the "Three Times Yes" referendum, was a referendum held in Poland on 30 June 1946 on the authority of the State National Council...

1946 July 4 : Kielce pogrom

Kielce pogrom

The Kielce pogrom was an outbreak of violence against the Jewish community in the city of Kielce, Poland on July 4, 1946, perpetrated by a mob of local townsfolk and members of the official government forces of the People's Republic of Poland...

1947 January 19 : Legislative election

Polish legislative election, 1947

The Polish legislative election of 1947 was held on January 19, 1947 in the People's Republic of Poland. The anti-communist opposition candidates and activists were persecuted and the eventual results were falsified...

1947 February 19 : Adoption of Small Constitution of 1947

Small Constitution of 1947

Small Constitution of 1947 was a temporary constitution issued by the communist-dominated Sejm of 1947-1952. It confirmed the practice of separation of powers and strengthened the Sejm. It was renewed in 1949, 1950 and 1951...

1947 April 28 : Operation Vistula begins
1950 July 6 : Signing of the Treaty of Zgorzelec

Treaty of Zgorzelec

The Treaty of Zgorzelec between the Republic of Poland and East Germany was signed on 6 July 1950 in Polish Zgorzelec, until 1945 the eastern part of the divided city of Görlitz.The agreement...

1951 : Trial of the Generals

Trial of the Generals

The Trial of the Generals was a totalitarian show trial organized by the communist authorities of Poland between July 31 and August 31, 1951. Its purpose was to cleanse the new pro-Soviet Polish Army of officers who had served in the armed forces of democratic Poland or in the anti-Nazi resistance...

1952 July 22 : Adoption of Constitution of the People's Republic of Poland

Constitution of the People's Republic of Poland

The Constitution of the People's Republic of Poland was passed on 22 July 1952. Created by the Polish communists in the People's Republic of Poland, it was based on the 1936 Soviet Constitution , and it superseded the post-war provisional Small Constitution of 1947 which, at its turn, had declared...

1952 : Legislative election

Polish legislative election, 1952

The Polish legislative election of 1952 was the first election to the Sejm, the parliament of the People's Republic of Poland, and second in Communist Poland. They took place on 26 October...

1955 May 14 : Signing of the Warsaw Pact

Warsaw Pact

The Warsaw Treaty Organization of Friendship, Cooperation, and Mutual Assistance , or more commonly referred to as the Warsaw Pact, was a mutual defense treaty subscribed to by eight communist states in Eastern Europe...

1956 June 28 : Poznań 1956 protests

Poznan 1956 protests

The Poznań 1956 protests, also known as Poznań 1956 uprising or Poznań June , were the first of several massive protests of the Polish people against the communist government of the People's Republic of Poland...

 begin
1956 : Polish October

Polish October

Polish October, also known as October 1956, Polish thaw, or Gomułka's thaw, marked a change in the Polish internal political scene in the second half of 1956...

1957 : Legislative election

Polish legislative election, 1957

The Polish legislative election of 1957 was the second election to the Sejm, the parliament of the People's Republic of Poland, and the third in Communist Poland). It took place on 20 January, during the liberalization period following Władysław Gomułka's ascension to power. Although freer than...

1961 : Legislative election

Polish legislative election, 1961

The Polish legislative election of 1961 was the third election to the Sejm, the parliament of the People's Republic of Poland, and fourth in Communist Poland...

1965 : Legislative election

Polish legislative election, 1965

The Polish legislative election of 1965 was the fourth election to the Sejm, the parliament of the People's Republic of Poland, and fifth in Communist Poland. They took place on 30 May...

1965 : Letter of Reconciliation of the Polish Bishops to the German Bishops

Letter of Reconciliation of the Polish Bishops to the German Bishops

The Pastoral Letter of the Polish Bishops to their German Brothers was a pastoral letter sent on 18 November 1965 by Polish bishops of the Roman Catholic Church to their German counterparts. It was foremost an invitation to the 1000 Year Anniversary Celebrations of Poland's Christianization in 1966...

1968 March : Political crisis
1968 August 20 : End of Prague Spring

Prague Spring

The Prague Spring was a period of political liberalization in Czechoslovakia during the era of its domination by the Soviet Union after World War II...

 with the invasion of Czechoslovakia

Czechoslovakia

Czechoslovakia or Czecho-Slovakia was a sovereign state in Central Europe which existed from October 1918, when it declared its independence from the Austro-Hungarian Empire, until 1992...

1970 December 7 : Signing of Treaty of Warsaw

Treaty of Warsaw (1970)

The Treaty of Warsaw was a treaty between West Germany and the People's Republic of Poland. It was signed by Chancellor Willy Brandt and Prime Minister Józef Cyrankiewicz at the Presidential Palace on 7 December 1970, and it was ratified by the German Bundestag on 17 May 1972.In the treaty, both...

; Warschauer Kniefall

Warschauer Kniefall

Kniefall von Warschau refers to a gesture of humility and penance by social democratic Chancellor of Germany Willy Brandt towards the victims of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising.-Incident:...

1970 December 14 : 1970 protests

Polish 1970 protests

The Polish 1970 protests were protests that occurred in northern Poland in December 1970. The protests were sparked by a sudden increase of prices of food and other everyday items...

 begin
1978 October 16 : Election of Pope John Paul II

Pope John Paul II

Blessed Pope John Paul II , born Karol Józef Wojtyła , reigned as Pope of the Catholic Church and Sovereign of Vatican City from 16 October 1978 until his death on 2 April 2005, at of age. His was the second-longest documented pontificate, which lasted ; only Pope Pius IX ...

1980 March 14 : LOT Polish Airlines Flight 007

LOT Polish Airlines Flight 007

LOT Polish Airlines Flight 007 crashed near Okęcie Airport in Warsaw, Poland, on 14 March 1980, due to mechanical failure as the crew aborted a landing and attempted to go-around. All 87 crew and passengers died.- The aircraft :...

1980 August 17 : 21 demands of MKS

21 demands of MKS

21 demands of MKS were a list of demands issued on 17 August 1980 by the Interfactory Strike Committee . The first demand was the right to create independent trade unions...

1980 : Gdańsk Agreement

Gdansk Agreement

The Gdańsk Agreement was an accord reached as a direct result of the strikes that took place in Gdańsk, Poland...

1981 December 13 : Martial law

Martial law in Poland

Martial law in Poland refers to the period of time from December 13, 1981 to July 22, 1983, when the authoritarian government of the People's Republic of Poland drastically restricted normal life by introducing martial law in an attempt to crush political opposition to it. Thousands of opposition...

 begins
1983 July 22 : Martial law ends
1983 : Solidarity leader Lech Wałęsa

Lech Wałęsa

Lech Wałęsa is a Polish politician, trade-union organizer, and human-rights activist. A charismatic leader, he co-founded Solidarity , the Soviet bloc's first independent trade union, won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1983, and served as President of Poland between 1990 and 95.Wałęsa was an electrician...

 receives the Nobel Peace Prize.
1984 : Father Jerzy Popieluszko

Jerzy Popieluszko

Jerzy Popiełuszko was a Roman Catholic priest from Poland, associated with the Solidarity union. He was murdered by three agents of the Polish communist internal intelligence agency, the Służba Bezpieczeństwa, who were shortly thereafter tried and convicted of the murder...

 murdered by Polish secret police.
1989 April 4 : Signing of the Round Table Agreement

Polish Round Table Agreement

The Polish Round Table Talks took place in Warsaw, Poland from February 6 to April 4, 1989. The government initiated the discussion with the banned trade union Solidarność and other opposition groups in an attempt to defuse growing social unrest.-History:...

1989 April 7 : April Novelization

April Novelization

April Novelization refers to the changes to the 1952 Constitution of the People's Republic of Poland, agreed in April 1989, in the aftermath of the Polish Round Table Agreement.Among key changes were:...

1989 June 4 : Parliamentary election
1989 July 19 : Wojciech Jaruzelski

Wojciech Jaruzelski

Wojciech Witold Jaruzelski is a retired Polish military officer and Communist politician. He was the last Communist leader of Poland from 1981 to 1989, Prime Minister from 1981 to 1985 and the country's head of state from 1985 to 1990. He was also the last commander-in-chief of the Polish People's...

 becomes President
1989 December 31 : The People's Republic of Poland

People's Republic of Poland

The People's Republic of Poland was the official name of Poland from 1952 to 1990. Although the Soviet Union took control of the country immediately after the liberation from Nazi Germany in 1944, the name of the state was not changed until eight years later...

 becomes the Republic of Poland
1990 : Presidential election

Polish presidential election, 1990

The 1990 Presidential elections were held in Poland on Sunday, November 25 , and Sunday, December 9 . These were the first direct presidential elections in the history of Poland. Before World War II, presidents were elected by the Sejm, but the Sejm was abolished in 1952. The leader of the...

1990 May 27 : Local elections
1990 November 14 : Signing of German-Polish Border Treaty

German-Polish Border Treaty (1990)

The German-Polish Border Treaty of 1990 finally settled the issue of the Polish-German border, which in terms of international law had been pending since 1945...

1990 December 22 : Lech Wałęsa

Lech Wałęsa

Lech Wałęsa is a Polish politician, trade-union organizer, and human-rights activist. A charismatic leader, he co-founded Solidarity , the Soviet bloc's first independent trade union, won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1983, and served as President of Poland between 1990 and 95.Wałęsa was an electrician...

 becomes President
1991 June 27 : Mława pogrom
1991 July 1 : Dissolution of Warsaw Pact
1991 October 27 : Parliamentary election

Polish parliamentary election, 1991

The Polish parliamentary election in 1991 to the Sejm and the Senate of Poland was held on October 27. In the Sejm elections, 27,517,280 citizens were eligible to vote, 11,887,949 of them cast their votes, 11,218,602 of those were counted as valid. In the Senate elections, 43.2% of citizens cast...

1992 October 17 : Adoption of Small Constitution

Small Constitution of 1992

Small Constitution of 1992 in Poland was a constitution regulating relations between legislative and executive branches of Poland, and the local self-government. It was voted by the Poland's first democratic Sejm elected in the free elections...

1992 December 21 : Signing of Central European Free Trade Agreement

Central European Free Trade Agreement

The Central European Free Trade Agreement is a trade agreement between non-EU countries in Southeast Europe.-Members:As of 1 May 2007, the parties of the CEFTA agreement are: Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Macedonia, Moldova, Montenegro, Serbia and UNMIK on behalf of Kosovo.Former...

1993 September 14 : Lufthansa Flight 2904

Lufthansa Flight 2904

Lufthansa Flight 2904 was an Airbus A320-200 which overran the runway, in Okęcie International Airport on 14 September 1993. It was a flight from Frankfurt, Germany to Warsaw, Poland.-Description of the incident:...

1993 September 19 : Parliamentary election

Polish parliamentary election, 1993

Polish parliamentary election in 1993 to Sejm and Senate of Poland was held on the 19 September. In Sejm elections, 52.13% of citizens cast their votes, and 95.7% of those were counted as valid. In Senate elections, 52.1% of citizens cast their votes, and 97.07% were valid...

1994 May 2 : Poland bus disaster of 1994

Poland bus disaster of 1994

Poland's bus disaster of 1994 was a bus crash near Gdańsk involving a commuter bus PKS that veered into a road-side tree. In the accident, 32 people died and 45 were injured.-Accident:...

1994 June 19 : Local elections
1995 November : Presidential election

Polish presidential election, 1995

1995 Presidential elections were held in Poland on Sunday November 5 , and Sunday November 19 . Aleksander Kwaśniewski and Lech Wałęsa passed to the second round...

1995 December 23 : Aleksander Kwaśniewski

Aleksander Kwasniewski

Aleksander Kwaśniewski is a Polish politician who served as the President of Poland from 1995 to 2005. He was born in Białogard, and during communist rule he was active in the Socialist Union of Polish Students and was the Minister for Sport in the communist government in the 1980s...

 becomes President
1997 April 2 : Adoption of Constitution

Constitution of Poland

The current Constitution of Poland was adopted on 2 April 1997. Formally known as the Constitution of the Republic of Poland , it replaced the temporary amendments put into place in 1992 designed to reverse the effects of Communism, establishing the nation as "a democratic state ruled by law and...

1997 September 21 : Parliamentary election

Polish parliamentary election, 1997

The Polish parliamentary election in 1997 to the Sejm and Senate of Poland was held on the 21 September. In the Sejm elections, 47.93% of citizens cast their votes, 96.12% of which were counted as valid...

1998 October 11 : Local elections
1999 March 12 : Accession of Poland to NATO

21st century

2000 October 8 : Presidential election

Polish presidential election, 2000

The 2000 Polish presidential election took place in Poland on 8 October 2000. Incumbent President Aleksander Kwaśniewski was easily re-elected in the first round after winning more than 50% of the votes.-Background:...

2001 September 23 : Parliamentary election

Polish parliamentary election, 2001

Polish parliamentary election in 2001 to Sejm and Senate of Poland were held on the 23rd September. In Sejm elections, 46.29% of citizens cast their votes, 96.01% of those were counted as valid...

2002 : Census

Polish census of 2002

- Significant ethnic minorities :In addition to Poles, ethnic groups of more than 25,000 people compose the following:-References:...

2002 October 27 : Local elections

Polish local elections, 2002

The 2002 Polish local elections were held in two parts. with its first round on October 27 and the second on November 10, 2002. All 16 provincial voivodeship sejmiks, 314 powiat county councils, 2,748 gmina municipal councils, and town and city mayors were up for election. The event was the first...

2003 April 16 : Signing of the Treaty of Accession

Treaty of Accession 2003

The Treaty of Accession 2003 was the agreement between the European Union and ten countries , concerning these countries' accession into the EU...

2003 June : European Union membership referendum

Polish European Union membership referendum, 2003

Polish European Union membership referendum in 2003 also known in Poland as European referendum or accession referendum concerned accession of Poland to the European Union and ratification of the Treaty of Accession 2003 by Poland...

2004 May 1 : Accession of Poland to the European Union
2004 June 13 : European Parliament election

European Parliament election, 2004 (Poland)

Elections to the European Parliament were held in Poland on 13 June 2004. 20.87% of eligible citizens voted; of these, 97.33% of the votes cast were valid. The elections resulted in a heavy defeat for the governing Alliance of the Democratic Left and Labor Union parties, although the very low...

2005 April 2 : Death of Pope John Paul II
2005 September 25 : Parliamentary election

Polish parliamentary election, 2005

Parliamentary elections for both houses of the Parliament of Poland were held on September 25, 2005. Thirty million voters were eligible to vote for all 460 members of the lower house, the Assembly of the Republic of Poland , and all 100 members of the upper house, the Senate of the Republic of...

2005 October : Presidential election

Polish presidential election, 2005

-External links:**] ]**...

2005 December 23 : Lech Kaczyński

Lech Kaczynski

Lech Aleksander Kaczyński was Polish lawyer and politician who served as the President of Poland from 2005 until 2010 and as Mayor of Warsaw from 2002 until 22 December 2005. Before he became a president, he was also a member of the party Prawo i Sprawiedliwość...

 becomes President
2006 January 28 : Katowice Trade Hall roof collapse

Katowice Trade Hall roof collapse

On 28 January 2006, the roof of one of the buildings at Katowice International Fair collapsed in Chorzów / Katowice, Poland....

2006 November : Local elections

Polish local elections, 2006

The 2006 Polish local elections were held in two parts. with its first round on November 12 and the second on November 26, 2006. In the election's first round, voters chose 39,944 gmina councillors, 6,284 powiat councillors and 561 deputies to provincial voivodeship sejmiks...

2007 October 21 : Parliamentary election

Polish parliamentary election, 2007

Early parliamentary elections for both houses of parliament were held in Poland on 21 October 2007 after the Sejm voted for its own dissolution on 7 September 2007. The election took place two years before the maximum tenure of four years, with the previous elections having been in September 2005...

2010 April 10 : Polish Air Force Tu-154 crash

2010 Polish Air Force Tu-154 crash

The 2010 Polish Air Force Tu-154 crash occurred on 10 April 2010, when a Tupolev Tu-154M aircraft of the Polish Air Force crashed near the city of Smolensk, Russia, killing all 96 people on board...

 killing Polish President, Lech Kaczynski

Lech Kaczynski

Lech Aleksander Kaczyński was Polish lawyer and politician who served as the President of Poland from 2005 until 2010 and as Mayor of Warsaw from 2002 until 22 December 2005. Before he became a president, he was also a member of the party Prawo i Sprawiedliwość...