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Kanpur , spelt as Cawnpore before 1948, is the ninth-most populous city in India

India

India , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...

 and largest within the state of Uttar Pradesh

Uttar Pradesh

Uttar Pradesh abbreviation U.P. , is a state located in the northern part of India. With a population of over 200 million people, it is India's most populous state, as well as the world's most populous sub-national entity...

. It is the fifth-largest city of India in area and the second-most populous city of the Hindi-speaking belt, after Delhi

Delhi

Delhi , officially National Capital Territory of Delhi , is the largest metropolis by area and the second-largest by population in India, next to Mumbai. It is the eighth largest metropolis in the world by population with 16,753,265 inhabitants in the Territory at the 2011 Census...

. It is one of the oldest industrial townships of North India

North India

North India, known natively as Uttar Bhārat or Shumālī Hindustān , is a loosely defined region in the northern part of India. The exact meaning of the term varies by usage...

.

It has a metropolitan area of over 1640 square kilometres (633.2 sq mi) and a city area of around 829 km² with an approximate population of 2.9 million inhabitants. The status of the city was upgraded when it was included in the "Counter Magnets" of National Capital Region

National Capital Region (India)

The National Capital Region in India is a name for the conurbation or metropolitan area which encompasses the entire National Capital Territory of Delhi as well as urban areas ringing it in neighbouring states of Haryana, Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan...

 (NCR).

History

Name origins

Kanpur is believed to have been founded by members of the Chandela

Chandela

The Chandela is a Rajput clan found in North India. A section of the Chandelas ruled much of the Bundelkhand region of central India for long periods between the 10th and the 13th centuries AD. The Chandela dynasty is famous in Indian history for King Vidyadhar, who repulsed the attacks of Mahmud...

 dynasty from the state of Sachendi. The city's name is believed to derive from Kanhiyapur (from the Hindi meaning "town of Kanhaiya"). During the British Raj

British Raj

British Raj was the British rule in the Indian subcontinent between 1858 and 1947; The term can also refer to the period of dominion...

, this was anglicised

Anglicisation of names

Anglicisation of names is the use of English names in the place of non-English names. During the time in which there were large influxes of immigrants from Europe to the United States and United Kingdom during the 19th and 20th centuries, the given names and surnames of many immigrants were...

 to Cawnpore. In old British maps it is also listed as Khanpur.

Others believe that the name is derived from Karnapur (meaning "town of Karna", one of the heroes of the Mahabharata

Mahabharata

The Mahabharata is one of the two major Sanskrit epics of ancient India and Nepal, the other being the Ramayana. The epic is part of itihasa....

). Another theory is that it came from the nearby town of Makanpur

Makanpur

Makanpur is a town in Kanpur district in the state of Uttar Pradesh, India. Makanpur is a town in the tehsil of Bilhaur. Makanpurpur is well connected by rail and road....

, earlier known as Khairabad, where the Sufi saint of the Madariya

Madariya

The Madariyya are members of a Sufi order popular in North India, especially in Uttar Pradesh, the Mewat region, Bihar and Bengal, as well as in Nepal and Bangladesh. Known for its syncretic aspects, lack of emphasis on external religious practice and focus on internal dhikr, it was initiated by...

 Sufi order, Badiuddin Zinda Shah Madar, settled.

Earlier history of the area

Kanpur's development is unclear until the 13th century. Although no reference to Kanpur is found in written documents before this time, the history of two of its suburbs, Jajmau

Jajmau

Jajmau is a city near Kanpur, India. It is situated on the banks of the Ganges River . Jajmau is an industrial suburb. It is believed as the oldest inhabited place in the region. The main industry is the leather industry. It is home to some of the Biggest Leather tanneries in Northern India...

 and Bithoor

Bithoor

Bithoor is a centre of Hindu pilgrimage in Kanpur District near Kanpur city, in Uttar Pradesh, India.-Location:Bithoor is situated on the Kannauj Road, 27 km from center of Kanpur. Situated on the banks of the Ganges. It is a tourist place....

, can be traced back to pre-13th century times. Bithoor is located about 20 km upstream from the city and is approximately 10 km from the IIT Kanpur campus. Jajmau is about 8 km east of the city and is nearly 20 km downstream from the IIT Campus. According to Hindu mythology

Hindu mythology

Hindu religious literature is the large body of traditional narratives related to Hinduism, notably as contained in Sanskrit literature, such as the Sanskrit epics and the Puranas. As such, it is a subset of Nepali and Indian culture...

, just after creating the universe, Lord Brahma

Brahma

Brahma is the Hindu god of creation and one of the Trimurti, the others being Vishnu and Shiva. According to the Brahma Purana, he is the father of Mānu, and from Mānu all human beings are descended. In the Ramayana and the...

 performed the Ashvamedha

Ashvamedha

The Ashvamedha was one of the most important royal rituals of Vedic religion, described in detail in the Yajurveda...

at Bithoor and established a lingam

Lingam

The Lingam is a representation of the Hindu deity Shiva used for worship in temples....

there. Another legendary site at Bithoor is the Valmiki

Valmiki

Valmiki is celebrated as the poet harbinger in Sanskrit literature. He is the author of the epic Ramayana, based on the attribution in the text of the epic itself. He is revered as the Adi Kavi, which means First Poet, for he discovered the first śloka i.e...

 Ashram, where the famous sage Valmiki

Valmiki

Valmiki is celebrated as the poet harbinger in Sanskrit literature. He is the author of the epic Ramayana, based on the attribution in the text of the epic itself. He is revered as the Adi Kavi, which means First Poet, for he discovered the first śloka i.e...

 is supposed to have written the Sanskrit epic, the Ramayana

Ramayana

The Ramayana is an ancient Sanskrit epic. It is ascribed to the Hindu sage Valmiki and forms an important part of the Hindu canon , considered to be itihāsa. The Ramayana is one of the two great epics of India and Nepal, the other being the Mahabharata...

. According to this epic, Queen Seeta, on being exiled by King Ramachandra of Ayodhya, spent her days in seclusion at the ashram bringing up her twin sons, Lava and Kush.

At Jajmau, there are remains of an ancient fort, now surviving as a huge mound. Recent excavations on this mound indicate that the site is very old, perhaps dating back to the Vedic

Vedic

Vedic may refer to:* the Vedas, the oldest preserved Indic texts** Vedic Sanskrit, the language of these texts** Vedic period, during which these texts were produced** Vedic pantheon of gods mentioned in Vedas/vedic period...

 age. Popular legends state that the fort belonged to Yayati

Yayati

Yayati was a Puranic king and the son of king Nahusha and one of ancestors of Pandavas. He was a great scholar of Vedas. He had five brothers, Yati, Samyati, Ayati, Viyati and Kriti. He had two wives, Devayani and Sharmishtha. Devayani was the daughter of Shukracharya, the priest of Asuras ....

, a king of the ancient Chandravanshi race.

At Shivrajpur, 20 km from the Kanpur Central

Kanpur Central

Kanpur Central is the major intercity rail station and a commuter rail hub in the Indian city of Kanpur. It falls is one of the most busiest stations in India. The Kanpur Central Railway Station is on the main Howrah - Delhi route broad gauge in Uttar Pradesh...

 railway station, there is an ancient temple built by Chandel Raja Sati Prasad in memory of his queen. This temple is supposed to have been built in a night and is situated on the banks of the Ganges. This temple is famous for its architectural work and carving designs.

Parihar

Pratihara

The Gurjara Pratihara , often simply called Pratihara Empire, was an imperial Indian dynasty that ruled much of Northern India from the 6th to the 11th centuries. At its peak of prosperity and power , the Gurajara-Pratihara Empire rivaled or even exceeded the Gupta Empire in the extent of its...

 rulers of Kannauj may have ruled this place for a significant part of history long before the beginning of Mughal era. Some historical accounts suggest Pratihara

Pratihara

The Gurjara Pratihara , often simply called Pratihara Empire, was an imperial Indian dynasty that ruled much of Northern India from the 6th to the 11th centuries. At its peak of prosperity and power , the Gurajara-Pratihara Empire rivaled or even exceeded the Gupta Empire in the extent of its...

 emperor, Mihir Bhoja, has ruled in Kanpur since nearby Kannuaj was the capital of Parihar.

Founding of the settlement

In 1207 AD, Raja Kanti Deo of Prayag (connected to the throne of Kannauj

Kannauj

Kannauj , also spelt Kanauj, is a city, administrative headquarters and a municipal board or Nagar Palika Parishad in Kannauj district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. The city's name is traditionally derived from the term Kanyakubja . Kannauj is an ancient city, in earlier times the capital...

) established the village Kohna, which later came to be known as Kanpur. Kanpur continued its association with Kannauj during the reigns of Harsha Vardhan, Mihir Bhoja, Jai Chand and early Muslim rulers through the Sur Dynasty

Sur Dynasty

The Suri Empire was established by a Muslim dynasty of Afghan origin who ruled a vast territory in the Indian subcontinent between 1540 to 1557, with Delhi serving as its capital...

. The first mention of Kanpur was made in 1579 during Sher Shah

Sher Shah Suri

Sher Shah Suri , birth name Farid Khan, also known as Sher Khan , was the founder of the short-lived Sur Empire in northern India, with its capital at Delhi, before its demise in the hands of the resurgent Mughal Empire...

's regime. Up to the first half of the 18th century, Kanpur was an insignificant village.

In May 1765, Shuja-ud-daula

Shuja-ud-Daula

Shuja-ud-Daula was the Subedar Nawab of Oudh from 5 October 1754 to 26 January 1775, and the son of Muhammad Nasir.Though a minor royal, he is best known for his key roles in two definitive battles in Indian history - the Third Battle of Panipat which ended Maratha domination of India, and the...

, the Nawab of Awadh

Nawab of Awadh

The Nawab of Awadh is the title of rulers who governed the state of Awadh in India in the 18th and 19th century. The Nawabs of Awadh originated form Persia-Establishment:...

, was defeated by the British near Jajmau. From 1773 to 1801, it was part of the Oudh kingdom and then came into the hands of the British. At this time, the British realized the strategic importance of the site of Kanpur. European businessmen had, by this time, started establishing themselves in Kanpur. In order to ensure protection for their lives and property, the European business shifted the `Awadh local forces’ here in 1778. Kanpur passed into British hands under the treaty of 1801 with Nawab Saadat Ali Khan

Saadat Ali Khan

Saadat Ali Khan was the fifth nawab wazir of Oudh from 21 January 1798 to 11 July 1814, and the son of Muhammad Nasir.-Life:He was the second son of Nawab Shuja-ud-daula...

 of Awadh.

Kanpur later became one of the most important military stations of British India. It was declared a district on 24 March 1803. South of Parmat were the British infantry lines and the parade grounds. Indian infantry occupied the space from the present Chunniganj to the Christ Church College. The Company Bagh was laid in 1847 and the construction of the Ganga canal was completed in 1854.

The Kanpur Sangrahalaya

Kanpur Sangrahalaya

Kanpur Sangrahalaya / Kanpur Museum is a museum in Kanpur, the industrial hub of Uttar Pradesh in North India. It is the official museum in Kanpur...

/Kanpur Museum housing valuable artifacts from pre-colonial and colonial period, was established in 1999, in a section of KEM Hall, Phool Bagh

Phool Bagh

Ganesh Vidyarthi Udyan / Phool Bagh is an urban city park in Kanpur city, the industrial hub of Uttar Pradesh in North India...

 Maidan.

Indian Rebellion 1857

In the 19th century, Kanpur was an important British

United Kingdom

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...

 garrison

Garrison

Garrison is the collective term for a body of troops stationed in a particular location, originally to guard it, but now often simply using it as a home base....

 with barracks for 7,000 soldiers. During the Indian Rebellion of 1857

Indian Rebellion of 1857

The Indian Rebellion of 1857 began as a mutiny of sepoys of the British East India Company's army on 10 May 1857, in the town of Meerut, and soon escalated into other mutinies and civilian rebellions largely in the upper Gangetic plain and central India, with the major hostilities confined to...

, (known in the United Kingdom as the Indian Mutiny, known in India as the First War of Independence

India's First War of Independence (term)

The First War of Indian Independence is a term that is sometimes used, predominantly in India, to describe the Indian Rebellion of 1857, which has been described variously outside of India as "uprising", "revolt" and "mutiny".- History :...

), 900 British were besieged

Siege of Cawnpore

The Siege of Cawnpore was a key episode in the Indian rebellion of 1857. The besieged British in Cawnpore were unprepared for an extended siege and surrendered to rebel Indian forces under Nana Sahib, in return for a safe passage to Allahabad. However, under ambiguous circumstances, their...

 in the fortifications for 22 days by rebels under Nana Sahib

Nana Sahib

Nana Sahib , born as Dhondu Pant, was an Indian leader during the Rebellion of 1857. As the adopted son of the exiled Maratha Peshwa Baji Rao II, he sought to restore the Maratha confederacy and the Peshwa tradition....

. They surrendered on the agreement that they would get safe passage to the nearby Satti Chaura Ghat whereupon they would board barges and be allowed to go by river to Allahabad

Allahabad

Allahabad , or Settled by God in Persian, is a major city of India and is one of the main holy cities of Hinduism. It was renamed by the Mughals from the ancient name of Prayaga , and is by some accounts the second-oldest city in India. It is located in the north Indian state of Uttar Pradesh,...

.

Though controversy surrounds what exactly happened at the Satti Chaura Ghat, and who fired the first shot, it is known that soon afterwards, the departing British were shot at, by the rebel sepoys, and were either killed or captured. Some of the British officers later claimed that the rebels had placed the boats as high in the mud as possible, on purpose to cause delay. They also claimed that Nana Sahib's camp had previously arranged for the rebels to fire upon and kill all the English. Although the East India Company later accused Nana Sahib of betrayal and murder of innocent people, no evidence has ever been found to prove that Nana Sahib had pre-planned or ordered the massacre. Some historians believe that the Satti Chaura Ghat massacre was the result of confusion, and not of any plan implemented by Nana Sahib and his associates. Lieutenant Mowbray Thomson, one of the four male survivors of the massacre, believed that the rank-and-file sepoys who spoke to him did not know of the killing to come.

Many were killed and the remaining 200 British women and children were brought back to shore and sent to a building called the Bibighar (the ladies' home). After some time, the commanders of the rebels decided to execute their hostages. The rebel soldiers refused to carry out orders, and butchers from the nearby town were brought in to kill the hostages three days before the British entered the city on July 18. The dismembered bodies were thrown into a deep well nearby. The British under General Neill retook the city and committed a series of retaliations against the rebel Sepoys and those unfortunate civilians caught in the area, including women, children and old men. The Kanpur Massacre, as well as similar events elsewhere, were seen by the British as justification for unrestrained vengeance.

The British dismantled the Bibighar and raised a memorial railing and a cross at the site of the well. In 1862, they built a church called All Souls' Cathedral in memory of those killed; renamed the Kanpur Memorial Church

Kanpur Memorial Church

The Kanpur Memorial Church, originally called the All Soul's Cathedral is a church in Kanpur, India. It was built in 1875 in honour of the British who lost their lives during the Siege of Cawnpore . The Church was designed by Walter Granville, architect of east Bengal Railway...

. This Church still stands at what was the northeast corner of Wheeler’s entrenchment. The marble gothic screen with the famous `mournful seraph’ was transferred to the churchyard after independence in 1947, and in its place a bust of Tantya Tope installed at Nana Rao Park

Nana Rao Park

Nana Rao Park / Company Bagh is an public city park in Kanpur city, the industrial hub of Uttar Pradesh in North India...

. The well is now bricked over, but the remains of a circular ridge and 'Boodha Bargad' (Old Banyan Tree) are still there. The "Boodha Bargad" is not there anymore. Only a stone describing the Boodha Bargad is there.

Development of industries

After 1857, it became an important center of the leather and textile industries. The Government Harness and Saddler Factory was started in 1860 to supply the army with leather products, followed by Cooper Allen & Co. in 1880. The first cotton textile mill, the Elgin Mills, was started in 1862 and Muir Mills in 1882, and many others that followed in the next 40 years, such as Victoria Mills and Atherton West & Co. (Atherton Mills), made Cawnpore a major textile producer.The Elgin Mills of Cawnpore was famous for its Drill Khakhi during the early/mid Twentieth Century. The Khaki cloth was famous for its colour and durability. The man behind this was the Dyeing Master Gopal Sadashiv Gogate, who died on 17 December 1942.

The British India Corporation

British India Corporation

British India Corporation Limited is a Public Sector Undertaking of the Government of India. The company manufactures textiles for both civilian and armed forces consumption. It manufactures the popular "Lal-imli" and "Dhariwal" brands of woolen products...

 (BIC) was headquartered here and led the development of many industries.

The first Indian business house of Cawnpore was the firm NihalChand KishoriLal, which set up a trading facility in 1857. This firm was a leader in oil milling and had many oil mills spread across North India. The Juggilal Kamlapat Singhania family launched many factories between 1930 and 1970. The Jaipuria family contributed to the patriotic cause, by building the Swadeshi Cotton Mills in response to charges that the foreign rulers were raiding India of its cotton only to sell back textiles to the residents. Kanpur was known as the "Manchester of India" during the 20th century. The NihalChand KishoriLal group (also known as Kejriwal Group) over time diversified into flour milling, tea plantations and steel. They bought the Cawnpore Flour Mills in 1942, which had been established in 1886 by Edward Foy, a Scotsman. New Cawnpore Flour Mills is at present one of the larger flour mills of North India and still managed by the same family. In 1901, with a population of 1,258,868, second only to Allahabad

Allahabad

Allahabad , or Settled by God in Persian, is a major city of India and is one of the main holy cities of Hinduism. It was renamed by the Mughals from the ancient name of Prayaga , and is by some accounts the second-oldest city in India. It is located in the north Indian state of Uttar Pradesh,...

, the district headquarters, Kanpur was the largest trading and manufacturing centre in the United Provinces

United Provinces of Agra and Oudh

The United Provinces of Agra and Oudh was a province of India under the British Raj, which existed from 1902 to 1947; the official name was shortened by the Government of India Act 1935 to United Provinces, by which the province had been commonly known, and by which name it was also a province of...

Kanpur is an important center for India's leather industry and small arms. It is also one of the largest sugar producing areas in northern India. As of now, the city owns many leather tanneries, and over a dozen Defence Ordnance Factories.

Kanpur not only has the largest population in the state but is also the second largest Industrial Hub in Northern India after New Delhi region. Traditionally Kanpur has elected Indian National Congress

Indian National Congress

The Indian National Congress is one of the two major political parties in India, the other being the Bharatiya Janata Party. It is the largest and one of the oldest democratic political parties in the world. The party's modern liberal platform is largely considered center-left in the Indian...

 Representatives, whereas the party has become very week in the state, causing the neglect of the city by the Regional Parties. The city suffers among other things, immense power cuts, even in the Industrial Zones.

The British contributed to charitable causes in the city by building the Ursula Horsman Hospital, the Hallet Hospital, Harcourt Butler Technological Institute

Harcourt Butler Technological Institute

Harcourt Butler Technological Institute, Kanpur is an academic autonomous engineering college under the Uttar Pradesh Technical University. Its programs have been conferred autonomous status under the university. It is the second engineering institute in Uttar Pradesh after the former University of...

, by protecting the Allen Forest

Allen Forest Zoo

Allen Forest Zoo is a zoo in Kanpur, the industrial hub of Uttar Pradesh in North India. It is the largest open green space in Kanpur...

 (now a zoo) and many other efforts. Most of these are now renamed, though a lot of residents still call them by their old names.

Due to the industries, the pollution levels have risen dangerously high. Due to lack of proper planning, the city is equaling Delhi as a victim of congestion and overcrowding. Urban planning has yet to evolve. A recent article in the Time Asia magazine says it all regarding the pollution in the city.

New industries such as detergent, saddlery, food processing, pan masala (tobacco), tea packaging, plastics and packaging, jewellery manufacturing and exports, leather processing and goods, have developed in the city. Among them, the Pan Masala industry is the largest employer in the region as well as the largest source of tax for the government. The famous brands -"Pan Bahaar" & "Pan Parag" and many others originated in the city.

Culture

Nestled on the banks of the eternal Ganga, Kanpur stands as one of North India’s major industrial centres with its own historical, religious and commercial importance. Believed to have been founded by king Hindu Singh of the erstwhile state of Sachendi

Sachendi

Sachendi is a suburb in Kanpur, India, situated about 10 km from Kanpur on the NH 2 to Delhi.The population was 1500 as of the 2001 census.It has 70% of literacy and is 5 km from Panki,a Kanpur suburb.It also Comes under Kanpur Metropolitan Region...

, Kanpur was originally known as "Kanhpur". Historically, Jajmau on the eastern outskirts of present day Kanpur is regarded as one of the most archaic townships of Kanpur district. Up to the first half of the 18th century, Kanpur continued to survive as an insignificant village. Its fate, however, took a new turn soon after. In May 1765, Shuja-ud-daula, the Nawab Wazir of Awadh, was defeated by the British near Jajmau. It was probably at this time that strategic importance of the site of Kanpur was realised by the British. European businessmen had by this time gradually started establishing themselves in Kanpur. In order to ensure protection to their lives and property, the "Awadh local forces" were shifted here in 1778. Kanpur passed into British hands under the treaty of 1801 with Nawab Saadat Ali Khan of Awadh. This forms a turning point in the history of Kanpur. Soon Kanpur became one of the most important military stations of British India. It was declared a district on 24 March 1803.

Kanpur was a hotbed of change in the independence and literary movements during the 1900–1950 period. A popular shopping centre is named Navin Market, after the poet Bal Krishna Sharma aka "Navin". Later poets included Gopal Das "Niraj" who wrote songs for Hindi movies. Kanpur is also the birthplace of Shyamlal Gupta `Parshad’, composer of the famous ditty Vijayee Vishwa Tiranga Pyara. The propagation and popularization of Hindi also owes much to this city, with great Hindu literatteurs such as Acharya Mahavir Parasad Dwivedi, Ganesh Shankar Vidyarthi

Ganesh Shankar Vidyarthi

Ganesh Shankar Vidyarthi , was an Indian journalist, a leader of the Indian National Congress and an independence movement activist. He is mostly known as the founder-editor of the Hindi language newspaper, Pratap....

, Pratap Narain Mishra and Acharya Gaya Prasad Shukla `Sanehi’. The Agricultural University is named after the revolutionary Chandrashekhar Azad and the Medical College after Ganesh Shanker Vidyarthi; both men spent much time in Kanpur. While Chandrashekhar 'Azad' shot himself when surrounded by a huge posse of British soldiers at Alfred Park, Allahabad, Ganesh Shankar Vidyarthi was killed during the Hindu-Muslim riots of 1931 at Machli Bazar in Kanpur.

About 25 km from Kanpur is Bithoor

Bithoor

Bithoor is a centre of Hindu pilgrimage in Kanpur District near Kanpur city, in Uttar Pradesh, India.-Location:Bithoor is situated on the Kannauj Road, 27 km from center of Kanpur. Situated on the banks of the Ganges. It is a tourist place....

(Brahmavarta). Legend goes that Sita

SITA

SITA is a multinational information technology company specialising in providing IT and telecommunication services to the air transport industry...

, the wife of Lord Rama

Rama

Rama or full name Ramachandra is considered to be the seventh avatar of Vishnu in Hinduism, and a king of Ayodhya in ancient Indian...

 came to live at the ashram

Ashram

Traditionally, an ashram is a spiritual hermitage. Additionally, today the term ashram often denotes a locus of Indian cultural activity such as yoga, music study or religious instruction, the moral equivalent of a studio or dojo....

 of sage Valmiki

Valmiki

Valmiki is celebrated as the poet harbinger in Sanskrit literature. He is the author of the epic Ramayana, based on the attribution in the text of the epic itself. He is revered as the Adi Kavi, which means First Poet, for he discovered the first śloka i.e...

, after Rama expelled her from Ayodhya. It was here that she gave birth to the twins Lava (Ramayana)

Lava (Ramayana)

Lava or Luv and his twin brother Kusha, were the children of the Lord Rama and his wife Sita, whose story is recounted in the Ramayana. Per that text, he is known as the founder of Lavapuri,that is, the modern day city of Lahore,...

 and Kusha (Ramayana)

Kusha (Ramayana)

Kusha , in Hindu mythology, was one of the twin sons of Lord Rama and Sita . Born in the Forest after Sita had been banished from Ayodhya, they were educated and trained in military skills and were under the care of Sage Valmiki....

, and disappeared back into the earth (from where she was born) when confronted by a repentant Rama. Bithoor

Bithoor

Bithoor is a centre of Hindu pilgrimage in Kanpur District near Kanpur city, in Uttar Pradesh, India.-Location:Bithoor is situated on the Kannauj Road, 27 km from center of Kanpur. Situated on the banks of the Ganges. It is a tourist place....

 is also the site of the fort to which Nana Sahib

Nana Sahib

Nana Sahib , born as Dhondu Pant, was an Indian leader during the Rebellion of 1857. As the adopted son of the exiled Maratha Peshwa Baji Rao II, he sought to restore the Maratha confederacy and the Peshwa tradition....

 escaped following the British retaking of Kanpur. Today, Bithoor is a tourist spot on the banks of the river Ganges and Kanpur is expanding very fast with new residential complexes sprouting up everywhere. Among festivals Ganga Mela is a unique festival that is celebrated in Kanpur, 7 days after the festival Holi

Holi

Holi , is a religious spring festival celebrated by Hindus. Holi is also known as festival of Colours. It is primarily observed in India, Nepal, Pakistan, and countries with large Indic diaspora populations following Hinduism, such as Suriname, Malaysia, Guyana, South Africa, Trinidad, United...

. Colours are thrown and people greet each other before having holy dip in Ganga. Music, dance and poem recitation are organised in the evening. The festival is celebrated in the memories of revolutionaries released by British government who were held prisoners during 1857 revolution.

Geography

The city's coordinates are 26.4670° North and 80.3500° East. The Government of Uttar Pradesh has carved out the new district of Kanpur Dehat from the old Kanpur Rural district. Kanpur, along with Allahabad and Fatehpur, are part of the Lower Doab, which in antiquity was known as the Vatsa

Vatsa

Vatsa was one of the solasa Mahajanapadas of Uttarapatha of ancient India mentioned in the Anguttara Nikaya....

 country. It is surrounded by two main rivers of India, the Ganges in the northeast and the Pandu River (Yamuna

Yamuna

The Yamuna is the largest tributary river of the Ganges in northern India...

) in the south. The districts surrounding Kanpur are Hamirpur in the south and Unnao in the north-east. The arid region of Bundelkhand

Bundelkhand

Bundelkhand anciently known as Chedi Kingdom is a geographic region of central India...

 lies just south of Kanpur. Kanpur district

Kanpur District

Kanpur district is one of the districts of the Uttar Pradesh state of India. It is a part of Kanpur division and its district headquarters is Kanpur. Due to increase in population of Kanpur District, for proper administration it has been divided into two. The term Kanpur refers to the combination...

 along with Kanpur Dehat district

Kanpur Dehat district

Ramabai Nagar district , formerly known as Kanpur Dehat district, is a district of Uttar Pradesh state in northern India. The administrative headquarters of the district are at Mati, Akbarpur. This district is part of Kanpur division.-History:...

 lie between the fertile Doab

Doab

A Doab is a term used in India and Pakistan for a "tongue" or tract of land lying between two confluent rivers...

 region of Ganga and Yamuna

Yamuna

The Yamuna is the largest tributary river of the Ganges in northern India...

 rivers. The river Yamuna

Yamuna

The Yamuna is the largest tributary river of the Ganges in northern India...

 marks the boundary between the Avadh and Bundelkhand

Bundelkhand

Bundelkhand anciently known as Chedi Kingdom is a geographic region of central India...

 regions. Kanpur City comes under the Indo-Gangetic planes of India. There are facilities of clean drinking water. Water comes from Kanpur City by Ganga Barge and there are various pumping stations for providing water to Farmers for crops. Kanpur is situated on the left side of river Ganges and right side is Shuklaganj which is in Unnao District but is also the part of Kanpur.

Climate

Kanpur features an atypical version of a humid subtropical climate

Humid subtropical climate

A humid subtropical climate is a climate zone characterized by hot, humid summers and mild to cool winters...

 that resembles the climate of Delhi

Delhi

Delhi , officially National Capital Territory of Delhi , is the largest metropolis by area and the second-largest by population in India, next to Mumbai. It is the eighth largest metropolis in the world by population with 16,753,265 inhabitants in the Territory at the 2011 Census...

 to some degree. Unlike many other cities with a humid subtropical climate, Kanpur features long and very hot summers, mild and relatively short winters, dust storms and a monsoon

Monsoon

Monsoon is traditionally defined as a seasonal reversing wind accompanied by corresponding changes in precipitation, but is now used to describe seasonal changes in atmospheric circulation and precipitation associated with the asymmetric heating of land and sea...

 season. Kanpur lies in northern plains of India, which witness extremes of temperature. It can drop to a minimum of 0.0°C in the winters while it goes up to 48°C in summers. Kanpur experiences severe fog in December and January, resulting in massive traffic and travel delays. In summer excessive dry heat is accompanied by dust storms and Loo

Loo (wind)

The Loo is a strong, hot and dry summer afternoon wind from the west which blows over the western Indo-Gangetic Plain region of North India and Pakistan. It is especially strong in the months of May and June...

, traits more commonly seen in desert climate

Desert climate

A desert climate , also known as an arid climate, is a climate that does not meet the criteria to be classified as a polar climate, and in which precipitation is too low to sustain any vegetation at all, or at most a very scanty scrub.An area that features this climate usually experiences less than...

s. Rains appear between July and September almost at the end of regular monsoon season. Some rainfall is recorded during the harvest season of March–April. These extremes however, give the region an advantage of having three crops of versatile range of products. Best time to visit Kanpur is either October–November or February–March.Snowfall has never occurred in the city. There are some times Hailstones accompanied with rain in the winter season during the month of January but sometimes Hailstorms have also occurred in the months of March and April.In January 2002,the city witnessed a heavy hailstorm which left the city streets white with ice pieces and recently in 2009 when the last hailstorm was recorded. Dust storms are frequent during the months of April–June.These dust storms are sometimes accompanied with light drizzles. Such dusty winds raise the level of particulates in the atmosphere resulting in severe air pollution and increasing health hazards. Sometimes the speed of winds exceeds to more than 100 km/hr in the outer areas of the city. Kanpur City lies on left bank of the river Ganges which is elevated very high from the river, which is the reason that the city never floods. Some of the rural outskirts of the city lie on the flood prone areas of the Ganga river and it often floods the villages on its banks during the monsoon season.The Left bank sandy areas on the banks of river Ganga are cultivated to produce summer fruits like Watermelon.The dry and Hot Loo

Loo (wind)

The Loo is a strong, hot and dry summer afternoon wind from the west which blows over the western Indo-Gangetic Plain region of North India and Pakistan. It is especially strong in the months of May and June...

 winds help the growth of watermelon which results in its great yield.The average rainfall recorded in the city is 885 mm.

Surrounding districts

Flora and fauna

Kanpur is home to many residential and migratory birds. Most of them can be spotted at Bithoor

Bithoor

Bithoor is a centre of Hindu pilgrimage in Kanpur District near Kanpur city, in Uttar Pradesh, India.-Location:Bithoor is situated on the Kannauj Road, 27 km from center of Kanpur. Situated on the banks of the Ganges. It is a tourist place....

, IIT Kanpur campus and areas alongside the Ganga Canal

Ganga canal

The Ganges or Ganga Canal is a canal system that irrigates the Doab region between the Ganges River and the Yamuna River in India.The canal is primarily an irrigation canal, although parts of it were also used for navigation, primarily for its construction materials. Separate navigation channels...

.In the I.I.T campus there are many peacocks and wild horses. The city has Asia's biggest (area wise) zoological garden. Exotic species of flora are present at the CSA campus also.

The Kanpur zoo is famous for its cages designed to provide a natural habitat for the animals, and has a vast variety of animals. The water supply system of the zoo is a work of art, by an artist and engineer in the Sinchai Department of that time, Murari Sharan Saxena. He was also known for the design of Gates of every Dam in whole Uttar Pradesh. of that period The Zoo is a part of a lush green area - The Allen Forest Zoo

Allen Forest Zoo

Allen Forest Zoo is a zoo in Kanpur, the industrial hub of Uttar Pradesh in North India. It is the largest open green space in Kanpur...

, Nawabganj. The entry fee is only Rs. 15 for Indian Adult, making it the major picnic spot of the Kanpur region.

Demography

Currently the population of Kanpur is more than 5 million.The majority of Kanpur's population comprises people from Central and Western Uttar Pradesh. However, Bengalis, Punjabis and Anglo-Indians have also settled in large numbers. Hindus comprise about 76% and Muslims about 16%. There are also small groups of Sikhs, Jains

Jainism

Jainism is an Indian religion that prescribes a path of non-violence towards all living beings. Its philosophy and practice emphasize the necessity of self-effort to move the soul towards divine consciousness and liberation. Any soul that has conquered its own inner enemies and achieved the state...

, Christians and Buddhists. As per 2001 census literacy rate of Kanpur is 70.36% (60.25% for females and 71.92% for males).
Kanpur is situated on the banks of the river Ganga; the population was 2,551,337 as per the 2001 census. In the last decade, the population rose rapidly. One of the factors for this kind of growth can be a higher number of in-migration to Kanpur City from other areas. It ranked third after Lucknow and Varanasi in 1901, but by 1961 it assumed a position on top of the list. It has registered an increase of over five times in the course of six decades, from 197,170 in 1901 to 883,815 in 1961. Kanpur has an area of about 1640 km² and is 126 meters above sea level. Languages spoken in and around Kanpur include Hindi, English, Urdu, Bengali and Punjabi. Hinduism

Hinduism

Hinduism is the predominant and indigenous religious tradition of the Indian Subcontinent. Hinduism is known to its followers as , amongst many other expressions...

 is the most prominent religion in the city. There is a considerable number of Muslims mostly residing near Kanpur Central

Kanpur Central

Kanpur Central is the major intercity rail station and a commuter rail hub in the Indian city of Kanpur. It falls is one of the most busiest stations in India. The Kanpur Central Railway Station is on the main Howrah - Delhi route broad gauge in Uttar Pradesh...

 station and areas namely Chaman Ganj, Becon Ganj, Parade, Iftikharabad and Idgah colony,KDA colony jajmau

Jajmau

Jajmau is a city near Kanpur, India. It is situated on the banks of the Ganges River . Jajmau is an industrial suburb. It is believed as the oldest inhabited place in the region. The main industry is the leather industry. It is home to some of the Biggest Leather tanneries in Northern India...

,moti nagar. The Sikh

Sikh

A Sikh is a follower of Sikhism. It primarily originated in the 15th century in the Punjab region of South Asia. The term "Sikh" has its origin in Sanskrit term शिष्य , meaning "disciple, student" or शिक्ष , meaning "instruction"...

 community consists of immigrants who were displaced due to the Partition of India

Partition of India

The Partition of India was the partition of British India on the basis of religious demographics that led to the creation of the sovereign states of the Dominion of Pakistan and the Union of India on 14 and 15...

 in 1947. They have since well established business in the city and reside in areas such as Govind Nagar

Govind Nagar

Govind Nagar is a southern neighbourhood of Kanpur named after Govind Vallabh Pant as he inaugurated this locality. It was the largest Vidhan Sabha constituency in Asia until Kidwai Nagar Vidhan Sabha constituency was formed....

, Gumti No.5, Ashok Nagar and 80 ft road. There are a small number of Christians also in Kanpur. Christ Church College

Christ Church College, Kanpur

Christ Church College, Kanpur is a college established in 1866, affiliated with Kanpur University. Earlier in 1840, SPG Mission School was established to educated Christian students. Later its name turned to present one. It is managed by Church of North India...

 and Methodist High School reflect British architecture.

Economy

Kanpur has a total GDP (PPP) of 20 billion US$ and it ranks as 10th among top 10 Industrial cities in India after Surat which has a GDP of around 22 billion USD.

Kanpur is one of the biggest producers of textile and leather products and they are exported in bulk. Apart from the leather and textile industries, the fertilizer, chemicals, two wheelers, soaps, pan masala, hosiery and engineering industries are also operating in the city. The private sector has also set up large units such as factories of the JK Industries group, Lohia machines, Duncans, etc.

The only unit of the Indian Institute of Pulse Research

Indian Institute of Pulse Research

Indian Institute of Pulses Research is a government institute in Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh. It was established in the year 1983 by the Indian Council of Agricultural Research to carry out basic strategic and applied research on major pulse crops. It is situated on Grand Trunk Road and is about...

 (an institute of ICAR

Indian Council of Agricultural Research

Indian Council of Agricultural Research , New Delhi, India is an autonomous organisation under the Department of Agricultural Research and Education, Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India...

) and one of the three units of the National Sugar Institute

National Sugar Institute

The National Sugar Institute established in 1936, is involved in research, training and advisory services to the sugar and allied industry, and functions under the Department of Food and Public Distribution of the Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution...

 is situated in Kanpur which reflects the strong agrarian nature of industries here.

Kanpur was also infamous to a certain extent for being home to largest tanneries in India and the subsequent pollution they caused thereof. These tanneries were the initial source of industrial base in Kanpur during the colonial period. However owing to poor pollution record, lack of technologies and emergence of other avenues of employment has led to a slow and gradual death to these units.

Kanpur has also begun to find favour among the outsourcing sector as a favoured location with several new startups setting up shop here owing to cheaper costs and a readily available talent pool.

Kanpur has several locational advantages, i.e., location at a vantage point on two national highways, i.e., NH 2 and NH 25

National Highway 25 (India)

National Highway 25 or NH 25 is a National Highway in India that links Lucknow in Uttar Pradesh with Shivpuri in Madhya Pradesh via Kanpur and Jhansi...

; raw material availability for many industries, viz. leather, food processing, plastics etc., proximity to large markets, availability of skilled manpower due to various institutes located within Kanpur (viz. Indian Institute of Technology, Chandr Shekhar Azad Agricultural University, Central Pulse Research Institute, Leather Institute etc.) and existing traditional industrial base attracting skilled workers to the city.

One of the Software Technology Parks of India

Software Technology Parks of India

'Software Technology Parks of India' is a government agency in India, established in 1991 under the Ministry of Communications and Information Technology, that manages the Software Technology Park scheme. It is an export oriented scheme for the development and export of computer software,...

 is also situated in Kanpur in Awadhpuri locality. GAIL has announced to invest Rs.11,000 crore in Kanpur in the next 3 years. This will give new fillip to industrialization process in the state of U.P.With the efforts of Mr. Prakash Jaiswal, local M.P.central Govt. has sanctioned Rs. 250 crs to restart Lal Imli Mill in Kanpur . It was closed since last many years.It will again generate employment to 2500/ 3000 persons.It is also home to famous brand Ghadi Detergent powder and cake which is manufactured in Kanpur by Rohit surfactanta P.Ltd.

In Kanpur (MC), the banking services were availed by only 61 percent of the households (Census 2001). About 8 percent of the households did not possess basic assets such as vehicles (bicycles, scooter, moped, car, jeep, etc.), televisions and radios.

In a recent report on city development plan for JNNURM it was mentioned that Kanpur City is surviving because of the following:

• Defence establishments like OEF, SAF and Ordnance Factory etc.
• Tanneries, which have swelled from 170 nos in 1995 to 300 in 2006
• PSU establishments like GAIL
  GAIL
  GAIL Limited is a state-owned natural gas processing and distribution company headquartered in New Delhi, India. It has six segments: Transmission services of natural gas and liquefied petroleum gas , Natural gas trading, petrochemicals, LPG and Liquid hydrocarbons, GAILTEL and Others.- History...
  
  , BHEL, Hindustan Aeronautics Limited
  Hindustan Aeronautics Limited
  Hindustan Aeronautics Limited based in Bangalore, India, is one of Asia's largest aerospace companies. Under the management of the Indian Ministry of Defence, this state-owned company is mainly involved in aerospace industry, which includes manufacturing and assembling aircraft, navigation and...
  
  , Steel Authority of India Limited
  Steel Authority of India Limited
  Steel Authority of India Limited from 116950 The company's current chairman is C.S Verma. With an annual production of 13.5 million metric tons, SAIL is the 14th largest steel producer in the world....
  
  , Lal Imli etc.
• Factories of Companies like LML
  LML
  LML is an Indian scooter and motorcycle manufacturer based in Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh.-History and overview:...
  
  , Nerolac etc.
• Textile Industry
• Banking establishments(Regional Offices) such as State Bank of India
  State Bank of India
  The State Bank of India is the largest Indian banking and financial services company with its headquarters in Mumbai, India. It is state-owned. The bank traces its ancestry to British India, through the Imperial Bank of India, to the founding in 1806 of the Bank of Calcutta, making it the oldest...
  
  , Reserve Bank of India
  Reserve Bank of India
  The Reserve Bank of India is the central banking institution of India and controls the monetary policy of the rupee as well as US$300.21 billion of currency reserves. The institution was established on 1 April 1935 during the British Raj in accordance with the provisions of the Reserve Bank of...
  
  , Standard Chartered Bank
  Standard Chartered Bank
  Standard Chartered PLC is a multinational financial services company headquartered in London, United Kingdom with operations in more than seventy countries...
  
  , UPFC etc.
• Coaching industry for Engineering and Medical Entrance Examinations, NDA, IAS/IPS etc.
• Trading activities - UP Stock Exchange

Civic administration

Kanpur City officials
Divisional Commissioner
Mayor Mayor In many countries, a Mayor is the highest ranking officer in the municipal government of a town or a large urban city....
District Magistrate

Kanpur Development Authority
Kanpur Development Authority (KDA) is a board for development of Kanpur.The Secretary of Kanpur Development Authority is Shakuntla Gautam. Kanpur Development Authority is responsible for making Governmental Building in Kanpur. It is also responsible for making flats etc.

Police
The Kanpur City police (KCP) has six geographic zones, includes the Traffic Police, the City Armed Reserve, the Central Crime Branch and the City Crime Record Bureau and runs 73 police stations, including two all-women police stations.

Electricity and Water Supply
Electricity in Kanpur is regulated through the Kanpur Electricity Supply Company (KESA) now KESCO

Kesco

The Kanpur Electricity Supply Company Ltd. is an electrical power company in Kanpur, India...

, [47] while water supply and sanitation facilities are provided by the Kanpur Water Supply and Sewerage Board (KWSSB).

Media

Kanpur is home to the Dainik Jagran

Dainik Jagran

Dainik Jagran is a Hindi language daily broadsheet newspaper in India. According to the IRS Q1 2010, Dainik Jagran ranks No. 1 among the dailies with a Total Readership of 54,254,000.-Overview:...

 newspaper which is the most read Hindi Newspaper in India. Other newspapers that are widely read include Amar Ujala, Aaj, Hindustan. The English dailies published are The Times of India, Hindustan Times, Economic Times, The Pioneer, etc. There is also the Hindi and English mixed Newspaper Tabloid I-NEXT.

There are currently six FM radio stations and one All India Radio

All India Radio

All India Radio , officially known since 1956 as Akashvani , is the radio broadcaster of India and a division of Prasar Bharati. Established in 1936, it is the sister service of Prasar Bharati's Doordarshan, the national television broadcaster. All India Radio is one of the largest radio networks...

 Akashwani Station being broadcast in Kanpur. The 6 FM Radio Stations are following:

• IIT Kanpur F.M. 90.4 MHz
• BIG FM 92.7 at 92.7 MHz
• Red FM
  Red FM (India)
  Red FM is an Indian FM radio brand, with stations broadcasting at 93.5 megahertz in the cities of Mumbai, Delhi, Kolkata and Kanpur in addition to Jamshedpur, Bhopal, Gwalior, Jabalpur, Indore, Nashik, Aurangabad, Nagpur, Bangalore, Mysore, Mangalore, Gulbarga, Kochi, Trivandrum, Thrissur, Kannur,...
  
   at 93.5 MHz
• Radio Mirchi
  Radio Mirchi
  Radio Mirchi is a nationwide network of private FM radio stations in India. It is owned by the Entertainment Network India Ltd , which is one of the subsidiaries of The Times Group....
  
   at 98.3 MHz
• AIR FM Rainbow
  AIR FM Rainbow
  AIR FM Rainbow is a group of FM radio channels across India. The group of stations was previously called FM Metro, but the name was changed to FM Rainbow in 2002. The group is run by All India Radio, or AIR, a government owned enterprise. It features Hindi and regional language songs, while also...
  
   India at 103.4 MHz
• Gyan Vani
  Gyan Vani
  Gyan Vani is an educational FM radio station in several cities of India.-Description:Gyan Vani is an educational FM Radio station in several cities of India...
  
   105.6 MHz

Education

Kanpur is one of the favorable destination of education in India as many prominent universities and colleges are situated here. Chatrapati Shiva Ji Maharaj University formerly Kanpur University

Kanpur University

Chhatrapati Shahu Ji Maharaj University , formerly Kanpur University, is a public university located in Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India. It is administered under the state legislature of the government of Uttar Pradesh. The university has more than 350 affiliated colleges spread over 15 districts of...

 is one of the famous university worldwide, IIT Kanpur established in 1959 situated on Grand Trunk Road

Grand Trunk Road

The Grand Trunk Road also formerly known as Uttarapatha, Shah Rah-e-Azam or Sadak-e-Azam or Badshahi Sadak is one of South Asia's oldest and longest major roads...

 and known for field of science and technology in the country offering Graduate, Postgraduate, M.Phil and Ph.d programs, Harcourt Butler Technological Institute

Harcourt Butler Technological Institute

Harcourt Butler Technological Institute, Kanpur is an academic autonomous engineering college under the Uttar Pradesh Technical University. Its programs have been conferred autonomous status under the university. It is the second engineering institute in Uttar Pradesh after the former University of...

 (HBTI), Kanpur's oldest technical institute, University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Govt. Central Textile Institute, Government Leather Institute formerly known as Government Leather Working School, Krishna Institute of Technology

Krishna Institute of Technology

Krishna Institute of Technology is a private engineering institute affiliated to Uttar Pradesh Technical University, Lucknow, and situated in Kanpur city. The college aims to creating engineers for industry. Today it's one the best engineering colleges of the state of Uttar Pradesh. It maintains...

, PSIT, MPEC, Government Polytechnic, PPN Degree College, DAV Degree College, Halim Muslim Degree College, BND College Christ Church College and GSVM Medical College are some of the popular institutes of Kanpur city. There are more than 69 Agricultural, Degree, Engineering, Management and Medical colleges in Kanpur.
Apart from these there are various renowned schools (pre-primary to class XII). The oldest running is Methodist High School, Cantt. Kanpur, operating since 1876.

Sports

Cricket is the most popular sport in Kanpur. Green Park Stadium

Green Park Stadium

Green Park Stadium is a 60,000 capacity floodlit multi-purpose stadium located in Kanpur, India, and the home of the Uttar Pradesh cricket team. The stadium is under the control of the Sports Department Uttar Pradesh...

 is a 60,000 capacity floodlit multi-purpose stadium located in Kanpur, and the home ground of the Uttar Pradesh cricket team.

Football field hockey and golf are also popular sports in the city.

Notable locations

Parks

• Green Park Stadium
  Green Park Stadium
  Green Park Stadium is a 60,000 capacity floodlit multi-purpose stadium located in Kanpur, India, and the home of the Uttar Pradesh cricket team. The stadium is under the control of the Sports Department Uttar Pradesh...
  
   and its Modi Stadium, a cricket stadium
• Moti Jheel
  Moti Jheel
  Moti Jheel is a lake and a drinking water reservoir in the Benajhabar area of Kanpur, which with its adjoining gardens and children's park is an important tourist attraction...
  
  
• Nanarao Park
• Mahatma Gandhi Park a.k.a Katehri Bagh, Cantonment
• Kidwai Nagar Park
• Jungle Water Park
• Company Bagh
• Phool Bagh
• Allen Forest Zoo
  Allen Forest Zoo
  Allen Forest Zoo is a zoo in Kanpur, the industrial hub of Uttar Pradesh in North India. It is the largest open green space in Kanpur...
  
  

Historical

• Gora Kabristan, a graveyard
• Radha-Krishna Mandir, or J K Temple, a temple constructed of white marble dedicated to Krishna
• Panki Mandir, a historical temple of Lord Hanuman.
• Kherepati Temple, a well known temple of Lord Vishnu and Sheshnag.
• Anandeshwar Temple, situated on the banks of the Ganges at Parmat
• ISKON Temple, Bithur
• Bithoor
  Bithoor
  Bithoor is a centre of Hindu pilgrimage in Kanpur District near Kanpur city, in Uttar Pradesh, India.-Location:Bithoor is situated on the Kannauj Road, 27 km from center of Kanpur. Situated on the banks of the Ganges. It is a tourist place....
  
  , a center of Hindu pilgrimage
• Lav Kush Barrage, a barrage (weir
  Weir
  A weir is a small overflow dam used to alter the flow characteristics of a river or stream. In most cases weirs take the form of a barrier across the river that causes water to pool behind the structure , but allows water to flow over the top...
  
  ) on the Ganges, also known as Ganga Barrage
  Ganga Barrage
  Officially named as Lav Khush Barrage, this bridge across the Ganges lies at Azad Nagar-Nawabganj in Kanpur.Construction started in 1995 and inaugurated in May 2000. The total length is 621 m and will serve as a four lane Highway Byass for NH 91....
  
  .
• Kanpur Memorial Church
  Kanpur Memorial Church
  The Kanpur Memorial Church, originally called the All Soul's Cathedral is a church in Kanpur, India. It was built in 1875 in honour of the British who lost their lives during the Siege of Cawnpore . The Church was designed by Walter Granville, architect of east Bengal Railway...
  
  
• Gandhi Hall
• Kanpur Sangrahalaya
  Kanpur Sangrahalaya
  Kanpur Sangrahalaya / Kanpur Museum is a museum in Kanpur, the industrial hub of Uttar Pradesh in North India. It is the official museum in Kanpur...
  
  , a museum
• Jama-ul-ulum Madarsa & Masjid, Patkapur
• Habiba Masjid, Jajmau
  Jajmau
  Jajmau is a city near Kanpur, India. It is situated on the banks of the Ganges River . Jajmau is an industrial suburb. It is believed as the oldest inhabited place in the region. The main industry is the leather industry. It is home to some of the Biggest Leather tanneries in Northern India...
  
  
• Jajmau
  Jajmau
  Jajmau is a city near Kanpur, India. It is situated on the banks of the Ganges River . Jajmau is an industrial suburb. It is believed as the oldest inhabited place in the region. The main industry is the leather industry. It is home to some of the Biggest Leather tanneries in Northern India...
  
   Tila
• Kanpur Central
  Kanpur Central
  Kanpur Central is the major intercity rail station and a commuter rail hub in the Indian city of Kanpur. It falls is one of the most busiest stations in India. The Kanpur Central Railway Station is on the main Howrah - Delhi route broad gauge in Uttar Pradesh...
  
  
• Musanagar tila
• Bhitargaon Temple
• Sarsaiyya Ghat
• Massacre Ghat
  Massacre Ghat
  Satti Chaura Ghat or Massacre Ghat is a famous ghat in Kanpur city, the industrial hub of Uttar Pradesh in North India. It is located on the bank of River Ganges in Kanpur near Jajmau....
  
  
• Saja ud daulah Mosque, Bithur
• Nanarao Fort, Bithur
• Jajmau
  Jajmau
  Jajmau is a city near Kanpur, India. It is situated on the banks of the Ganges River . Jajmau is an industrial suburb. It is believed as the oldest inhabited place in the region. The main industry is the leather industry. It is home to some of the Biggest Leather tanneries in Northern India...
  
   Siddhant Ghat
• Baradevi Temple
• Boodha Bargad (Banyan) tree, a tree on which 144 Indians were hanged in the later part of the Indian Rebellion of 1857
  Indian Rebellion of 1857
  The Indian Rebellion of 1857 began as a mutiny of sepoys of the British East India Company's army on 10 May 1857, in the town of Meerut, and soon escalated into other mutinies and civilian rebellions largely in the upper Gangetic plain and central India, with the major hostilities confined to...
  
  

Entertainment

• Z Square Mall
  Z Square Mall
  Z Square Mall of Kanpur is the largest mall in Kanpur, situated at The Mall, Kanpur.-Features:Z Square Mall is located at Bada Chauraha, Mall Road adjacent to Vishal Mega Mart. The mall was designed by the Hafiz Contractor. It has an . outdoor shopping area which houses outlets of many leading...
  
  
• Rave@Moti
• Rave 3
  Rave 3
  In order to bring back the glory of the city the two leading business houses of Kanpur took the challenge of setting up of the Multiplex of international standard in the city of Kanpur. The two renowned business houses – The Dainik Jagran Group and the Kothari Group named the Multiplex as "RAVE...
  
  
• Mega Mall
• SouthX Mall
• A2Z Shopping Mall
• Ceramic Mall

KMBS

A 105 km ring road has been proposed for construction by the state government for easing traffic within the city. It has been decided that the arterial road would connect Panki Bhau Singh via Sarsiya Ghat to Sarai Bhauti. Kanpur Metropolitan Bus Service

Kanpur Metropolitan Bus Service

City buses within the Kanpur Metropolitan Area are managed by Kanpur City Transport Services Limited . KCTSL has a fleet of 300 modern low floor A/c and Non A/c buses that serve a large part of the sprawling city.- Routes :- City Bus Terminals :- No...

 is also one of the cheapest mean of transportation for commuting within the city. However, it is not planned to service most parts of the city and only a few selected routes are facilitated.

Things however are set to change with the Central Government providing the Kanpur city administration with 300 buses under JNNURM. Central Government will bear 50% cost while State Government and Nagar Nigam will bear 20% and 30% cost respectively.

Suburban bus service

The suburban bus service is run by Kanpur upnagariya parivahan sewa. Its fleet is around 120 buses. These buses cater the need of suburban town

Town

A town is a human settlement larger than a village but smaller than a city. The size a settlement must be in order to be called a "town" varies considerably in different parts of the world, so that, for example, many American "small towns" seem to British people to be no more than villages, while...

s and tehsils in Kanpur

Kanpur District

Kanpur district is one of the districts of the Uttar Pradesh state of India. It is a part of Kanpur division and its district headquarters is Kanpur. Due to increase in population of Kanpur District, for proper administration it has been divided into two. The term Kanpur refers to the combination...

 and neighbouring districts. Suburban services is from Shahid Major Salman Khan Bus Station and Rawatpur

Rawatpur

Rawatpur is a suburb in North Kanpur, India, situated about 10 km from Kanpur on the NH 91 to Delhi.The population was 3000 as of the 2001 census.It has 84% of literacy and is 5 km from Kalyanpur.It also Comes under Kanpur Metropolitan Region...

. Towns connected by Shahid Major Salman Khan Bus Station are Unnao

Unnao

The town of Unnao is the headquarters of Unnao District in Uttar Pradesh, India between Kanpur and Lucknow. It is approximately 18 km from Kanpur & 60 km from Lucknow . It is connected to these two cities by roadway as well as by railway. The nearest airport is at Amausi about...

, Fatehpur

Fatehpur district

Fatehpur district is one of the 71 districts of Uttar Pradesh state in northern India. The district covers an area of 4,152 km². The district has a population of 2,308,384 . Fatehpur city is the administrative headquarters of the district. Located on the banks of the sacred rivers Ganges and...

, Akbarpur, Jajmau

Jajmau

Jajmau is a city near Kanpur, India. It is situated on the banks of the Ganges River . Jajmau is an industrial suburb. It is believed as the oldest inhabited place in the region. The main industry is the leather industry. It is home to some of the Biggest Leather tanneries in Northern India...

, Chakeri

Chakeri

Chakeri is a census town in Kanpur Nagar district in the state of Uttar Pradesh, India.-Demographics: India census, Chakeri had a population of 8580. Males constitute 55% of the population and females 45%. Chakeri has an average literacy rate of 84%, higher than the national average of 59.5%; with...

, Sarsaul

Sarsaul

BSarsaul is a town in Kanpur district in the state of Uttar Pradesh, India.Sarsaul is a Development Block in Kanpur nagar tehsil.Sarsaul is well connected by road....

, Maharajpur.Towns connected by Bithoor

Bithoor

Bithoor is a centre of Hindu pilgrimage in Kanpur District near Kanpur city, in Uttar Pradesh, India.-Location:Bithoor is situated on the Kannauj Road, 27 km from center of Kanpur. Situated on the banks of the Ganges. It is a tourist place....

 are Bilhaur

Bilhaur

Bilhaur is a city and a municipal board in Kanpur Nagar district in the state of Uttar Pradesh, India.bilhaur is a buzzing sector in area of education it produce number of engineers and doctors and other great politician ,professional it is 50 km near to kanpur and situated at bank of river...

, Mandhana

Mandhana

Mandhana is a town in Uttar Pradesh, India, situated about 20 km from Kanpur on the Grand Trunk Road to Delhi.The population was 20000 as of the 2001 census.It has 60% of literacy and is 5 km from Chobepur,a Kanpur suburb.It also Comes under Kanpur Metropolitan Region-Travel:Mandhana has...

, Chobepur

Chobepur

Chobepur is a suburb in Kanpur, India, situated about 25 km from Kanpur on the Grand Trunk Road to Delhi.The population was 2000 as of the 2001 census.It has 75% of literacy and is 5 km from Mandhana,a Kanpur suburb.It also Comes under Kanpur Metropolitan Region-By Road:Chobepur has a bus...

, Shivrajpur

Shivrajpur

Shivrajpur is a town and a nagar panchayat in Kanpur Nagar district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh.At Shivrajpur, there is an ancient temple built by Raja Sati Prasad in memory of his queen. This temple got built in a day and is situated on the banks of river Ganga...

, nayi jail. It is a division of Uttar Pradesh State Road Transport Corporation.

Inter-state bus service

One of Kanpur's major bus terminals is Shahid Major Salman Khan bus station at Jhakarkatti. Another important bus station is at Rawatpur

Rawatpur

Rawatpur is a suburb in North Kanpur, India, situated about 10 km from Kanpur on the NH 91 to Delhi.The population was 3000 as of the 2001 census.It has 84% of literacy and is 5 km from Kalyanpur.It also Comes under Kanpur Metropolitan Region...

. Earlier, another bus terminal operated at Govind Puri, directly in front of the main railway station, but this has now been reestablished as a City bus depot

Bus station

A bus station is a structure where city or intercity buses stop to pick up and drop off passengers. It is larger than a bus stop, which is usually simply a place on the roadside, where buses can stop...

. The move was taken to remove congestion in front of the railway station. Kanpur Lucknow Roadways Service

Kanpur Lucknow Roadways Service

The Kanpur Lucknow Roadways Service is a frequent bus service operated by Uttar Pradesh State Road Transport Corporation UPSRTC) in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh, connecting its legislative capital Lucknow with the industrial capital at Kanpur...

 is a very important service for commuters. The cities outside Uttar Pradesh that are covered by bus service are Jaipur

Jaipur

Jaipur , also popularly known as the Pink City, is the capital and largest city of the Indian state of Rajasthan. Founded on 18 November 1727 by Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh II, the ruler of Amber, the city today has a population of more than 3.1 million....

, New Delhi

New Delhi

New Delhi is the capital city of India. It serves as the centre of the Government of India and the Government of the National Capital Territory of Delhi. New Delhi is situated within the metropolis of Delhi. It is one of the nine districts of Delhi Union Territory. The total area of the city is...

, Gwalior, Bharatpur

Bharatpur, India

Bharatpur is a city in the Indian state of Rajasthan. It was founded by Maharaja Suraj Mal in 1733. Located in the Brij region, Bharatpur was once an impregnable, well-planned and well-fortified city, and the capital of Jat kingdom ruled by Sinsinwar Maharajas.The trio of Bharatpur, Deeg and...

, Singrauli

Singrauli

Singrauli is a town in Singrauli district in the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh.-History:The area in the eastern part of the state of MP and the adjoining southern part of Sonbhadra district in the state of UP is collectively known as Singrauli...

, Faridabad

Faridabad

Faridabad is a city in the south-east of Haryana state in northern India, in Faridabad district. It lies at 28º 25' 16" N Latitude and 77º 18' 28" E Longitude. The district shares its boundaries with the National Capital and Union Territory of Delhi to its north, Gurgaon district to the west and...

, Gurgaon

Gurgaon

Gurgaon is the second largest city in the Indian state of Haryana. Gurgaon is the industrial and financial center of Haryana. It is located 30 km south of national capital New Delhi, about 10 kilometers from Dwarka Sub City and 268 km south of Chandigarh, the state capital...

 and Dausa

Dausa

Dausa is a city and administrative headquarters of Dausa District in the state of Rajasthan, India. It is 55 km from Jaipur,240 km from Delhi and situated at NH-11. It is also known as "Dev Nagari."- History :...

.

Railways

Served by Indian Railways

Indian Railways

Indian Railways , abbreviated as IR , is a departmental undertaking of Government of India, which owns and operates most of India's rail transport. It is overseen by the Ministry of Railways of the Government of India....

, Kanpur is connected by trains to Delhi

Delhi

Delhi , officially National Capital Territory of Delhi , is the largest metropolis by area and the second-largest by population in India, next to Mumbai. It is the eighth largest metropolis in the world by population with 16,753,265 inhabitants in the Territory at the 2011 Census...

, Mumbai

Mumbai

Mumbai , formerly known as Bombay in English, is the capital of the Indian state of Maharashtra. It is the most populous city in India, and the fourth most populous city in the world, with a total metropolitan area population of approximately 20.5 million...

, Kolkata

Kolkata

Kolkata , formerly known as Calcutta, is the capital of the Indian state of West Bengal. Located on the east bank of the Hooghly River, it was the commercial capital of East India...

, Chennai

Chennai

Chennai , formerly known as Madras or Madarasapatinam , is the capital city of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu, located on the Coromandel Coast off the Bay of Bengal. Chennai is the fourth most populous metropolitan area and the sixth most populous city in India...

, Hyderabad, Bangalore

Bangalore

Bengaluru , formerly called Bengaluru is the capital of the Indian state of Karnataka. Bangalore is nicknamed the Garden City and was once called a pensioner's paradise. Located on the Deccan Plateau in the south-eastern part of Karnataka, Bangalore is India's third most populous city and...

, Ahmedabad

Ahmedabad

Ahmedabad also known as Karnavati is the largest city in Gujarat, India. It is the former capital of Gujarat and is also the judicial capital of Gujarat as the Gujarat High Court has its seat in Ahmedabad...

, Indore

Indore

Indore is one of the major city in India, the largest city and commercial center of the state of Madhya Pradesh in central India. Indore is located 190 km west of the state capital Bhopal. According to the 2011 Indian census, Indore city has a population of 1,960,631...

, Bhopal, Farrukhabad

Farrukhabad

Farrukhābād , is one of the important cities of Central Doab Region in the State of Uttar Pradesh in northern India. The city was founded in 1717 by Mohammed Bangash who named it after the Mughal emperor Farrukhsiyar. Farrukhabad is situated on the bank of sacred river Ganges.-Demographics: India...

, Jabalpur, Jamshedpur Srinagar

Srinagar

Srinagar is the summer seasonal capital of Jammu and Kashmir. It is situated in Kashmir Valley and lies on the banks of the Jhelum River, a tributary of the Indus. It is one of the largest cities in India not to have a Hindu majority. The city is famous for its gardens, lakes and houseboats...

, Jaipur

Jaipur

Jaipur , also popularly known as the Pink City, is the capital and largest city of the Indian state of Rajasthan. Founded on 18 November 1727 by Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh II, the ruler of Amber, the city today has a population of more than 3.1 million....

, Gorakhpur

Gorakhpur

Gorakhpur is a city in the eastern part of the state of Uttar Pradesh in India, near the border with Nepal. It is the administrative headquarters of Gorakhpur District and Gorakhpur Division. Gorakhpur is one of the proposed capitals of the Purvanchal state which is yet to be formed...

, Gwalior, Pune

Pune

Pune , is the eighth largest metropolis in India, the second largest in the state of Maharashtra after Mumbai, and the largest city in the Western Ghats. Once the centre of power of the Maratha Empire, it is situated 560 metres above sea level on the Deccan plateau at the confluence of the Mula ...

, Surat

Surat

Surat , also known as Suryapur, is the commercial capital city of the Indian state of Gujarat. Surat is India's Eighth most populous city and Ninth-most populous urban agglomeration. It is also administrative capital of Surat district and one of the fastest growing cities in India. The city proper...

, Lucknow

Lucknow

Lucknow is the capital city of Uttar Pradesh in India. Lucknow is the administrative headquarters of Lucknow District and Lucknow Division....

 and Nagpur

Nagpur

Nāgpur is a city and winter capital of the state of Maharashtra, the largest city in central India and third largest city in Maharashtra after Mumbai and Pune...

.

Kanpur has twelve railway stations within its city limits: Kanpur Central

Kanpur Central

Kanpur Central is the major intercity rail station and a commuter rail hub in the Indian city of Kanpur. It falls is one of the most busiest stations in India. The Kanpur Central Railway Station is on the main Howrah - Delhi route broad gauge in Uttar Pradesh...

, Kanpur Anwarganj

Kanpur Anwarganj

Kanpur Anwarganj is a railway station in Kanpur. It is second big station in Kanpur after Kanpur Central. It has three platforms. It was constructed during by the British Raj. It has one big clock on its main building. It is on Farrukhabad-Kanpur line. Till 2006 it was meter gaze Railway Station...

, Govindpuri (Kanpur South), Panki, Kanpur

Panki, Kanpur

Panki is a suburb in Kanpur, India, situated about 7 km from Kanpur on the NH 2 to Delhi.The population was 1500 as of the 2001 census.It has 90% of literacy and is 5 km from Panki,a Kanpur suburb.It also Comes under Kanpur Metropolitan Region...

, Chakeri

Chakeri

Chakeri is a census town in Kanpur Nagar district in the state of Uttar Pradesh, India.-Demographics: India census, Chakeri had a population of 8580. Males constitute 55% of the population and females 45%. Chakeri has an average literacy rate of 84%, higher than the national average of 59.5%; with...

, Chandari

Chandari

Chandari junction railway station is on the Kanpur-Allahabad line....

, Rawatpur

Rawatpur

Rawatpur is a suburb in North Kanpur, India, situated about 10 km from Kanpur on the NH 91 to Delhi.The population was 3000 as of the 2001 census.It has 84% of literacy and is 5 km from Kalyanpur.It also Comes under Kanpur Metropolitan Region...

, Kalianpur

Kalianpur

Kalianpur is a small town and railway station in Uttar Pradesh, India. Located about 15 km from Kanpur, on the Grand Trunk Road towards Delhi, it is effectively a suburb of Kanpur. The Post Office is spelled Kalyanpur, but the station is named Kalianpur, while British records often have it...

 (Kalyanpur), Mandhana

Mandhana

Mandhana is a town in Uttar Pradesh, India, situated about 20 km from Kanpur on the Grand Trunk Road to Delhi.The population was 20000 as of the 2001 census.It has 60% of literacy and is 5 km from Chobepur,a Kanpur suburb.It also Comes under Kanpur Metropolitan Region-Travel:Mandhana has...

 Jn., Kanpur Bridge Left Bank

Kanpur Bridge Left Bank

Kanpur Bridge Left Bank small station is a railway station in Shuklaganj locality of Kanpur. It lies on the Kanpur–Lucknow line.It comes after the ganga bridge has been crossed. Only a few trains such as LKM [Lucknow-Kanpur-Memo],a type of local train halts for only 1 or 2 minutes or some express...

 and Kanpur SMU CBSA. There was one more station called "Purana Kanpur" from which the first train ran in Northern India in 1859 - however now it is defunct.

Kanpur Central is the main station of Kanpur and is the largest station of North Central Railways. Kanpur Central lies as one of the most important railway stations on Delhi

Delhi

Delhi , officially National Capital Territory of Delhi , is the largest metropolis by area and the second-largest by population in India, next to Mumbai. It is the eighth largest metropolis in the world by population with 16,753,265 inhabitants in the Territory at the 2011 Census...

-Howrah Trunk Line of Indian Railways

Indian Railways

Indian Railways , abbreviated as IR , is a departmental undertaking of Government of India, which owns and operates most of India's rail transport. It is overseen by the Ministry of Railways of the Government of India....

. The first Rajdhani Express

Rajdhani Express

Rajdhani Express is a passenger train service in India connecting New Delhi with other important destinations, especially state capitals. Rajdhani means "The Capital" in Hindi.- History :...

 of India ran via this station.

The Kanpur Metro

Kanpur Metro

The Kanpur Metro is an mass rapid transit system for the city of Kanpur.The project is on under the approval of ministry of Uttar Pradesh & Government of India.-Corridors:...

 project has been finalized, and will be completed after Lucknow Metro.

Roadways

The city has several important National Highways passing through Kanpur.

NH No	Route	Total Length
NH 2	Delhi Delhi Delhi , officially National Capital Territory of Delhi , is the largest metropolis by area and the second-largest by population in India, next to Mumbai. It is the eighth largest metropolis in the world by population with 16,753,265 inhabitants in the Territory at the 2011 Census...  » Mathura » Agra Agra Agra a.k.a. Akbarabad is a city on the banks of the river Yamuna in the northern state of Uttar Pradesh, India, west of state capital, Lucknow and south from national capital New Delhi. With a population of 1,686,976 , it is one of the most populous cities in Uttar Pradesh and the 19th most...  » Kanpur » Allahabad Allahabad Allahabad , or Settled by God in Persian, is a major city of India and is one of the main holy cities of Hinduism. It was renamed by the Mughals from the ancient name of Prayaga , and is by some accounts the second-oldest city in India. It is located in the north Indian state of Uttar Pradesh,...  » Varanasi Varanasi -Etymology:The name Varanasi has its origin possibly from the names of the two rivers Varuna and Assi, for the old city lies in the north shores of the Ganga bounded by its two tributaries, the Varuna and the Asi, with the Ganges being to its south...  » Mohania Mohania Mohania is a city in Kaimur district in the state of Bihar, India. It is the sub-division of Kaimur district.-Geography:Mohania is located at . It has an average elevation of 76 metres ....  » Barhi » Palsit Palsit Palsit is a town in Bardhaman Sadar South subdivision of Bardhaman district in the Indian state of West Bengal.-Geography:Palsit is located at -Transport:...  » Dankuni Dankuni Dankuni is a fast-growing industrial township near Kolkata, India. The town is part of the Hooghly District, in the state of West Bengal. It is a part of the area covered by Kolkata Metropolitan Development Authority....  (near Kolkata Kolkata Kolkata , formerly known as Calcutta, is the capital of the Indian state of West Bengal. Located on the east bank of the Hooghly River, it was the commercial capital of East India... )	2542
NH 25 National Highway 25 (India) National Highway 25 or NH 25 is a National Highway in India that links Lucknow in Uttar Pradesh with Shivpuri in Madhya Pradesh via Kanpur and Jhansi...	Lucknow Lucknow Lucknow is the capital city of Uttar Pradesh in India. Lucknow is the administrative headquarters of Lucknow District and Lucknow Division....  » Jajmau Jajmau Jajmau is a city near Kanpur, India. It is situated on the banks of the Ganges River . Jajmau is an industrial suburb. It is believed as the oldest inhabited place in the region. The main industry is the leather industry. It is home to some of the Biggest Leather tanneries in Northern India...  (Kanpur) » Jhansi Jhansi Jhansi Hindi:झाँसी, , Marathi: झाशी, is a historical city of India. Jhansi is the administrative headquarters of Jhansi District and Jhansi Division. The original walled city grew up around its stone fort, which crowns a neighboring rock. This district is on the bank of river Betwa.The National...  » Shivpuri Shivpuri Shivpuri is a city and a municipality in Shivpuri district in the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh. It is in the Gwalior Division of northwest Madhya Pradesh and is the administrative headquarters of Shivpuri District. It is situated at an altitude of above sea level.-History:Shivpuri is an ancient...	352
NH 86	Kanpur » Hamirpur Hamirpur District, Uttar Pradesh Hamirpur district is one of the 70 districts of Uttar Pradesh state of India and Hamirpur town is the district headquarters. Hamirpur district is a part of Chitrakoot Division. The district occupies an area of 4,121.9 km². The district has a population of 1,042,374...  » Chhatarpur Chhatarpur Chhatarpur is a city and a municipality in Chhatarpur district in the state of Madhya Pradesh, India. It is the administrative headquarters of Chhatarpur District.- History :...  » Sagar » Bhopal » Dewas Dewas Dewas is an ancient town situated on the Malwa plateau in the West-central part of Indian state called Madhya Pradesh, about 160 km south west from state capital, Bhopal. It is the administrative center of the Dewas District, and was formerly the seat of two princely states during the British...	674
NH 91	Ghaziabad » Aligarh » Etah Etah Etah is a town which is also the district headquarters of Etah district of Uttar Pradesh state, India.-Geography:Etah is located at . It has an average elevation of 170 metres ....  » Kannauj Kannauj Kannauj , also spelt Kanauj, is a city, administrative headquarters and a municipal board or Nagar Palika Parishad in Kannauj district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. The city's name is traditionally derived from the term Kanyakubja . Kannauj is an ancient city, in earlier times the capital...  » Kanpur	405

The Inter State Bus Station (ISBT) of Kanpur officially named as the "Shaheed Major Salman Khan Bus Station". It is locally known as the "Jhakarkati Bus Station" enquiry number: 0512 2328381. It provides buses to important cities of India. The other bus stations are:-

• Chunniganj Depot
• Juhi aka Kidwai Nagar Depot
• Fazalganj Depot
• Rawatpur Depot
• Yashoda Nagar Depot
• Defence Colony Depot
• Jajmau Depot
• Vikas Nagar aka Azad Nagar Depot
• Azad Nagar Bus Depot

Airports

Kanpur Airport

Kanpur Airport

Kanpur Airport is an airport that was originally designated for the Indian Air Force. In the 1970s, flights operated from this airport regularly to Delhi, Ahmedabad, Allahabad, Kolkata, Banglore, Chennai, Pune and Mumbai...

- an airport located in Chakeri

Chakeri

Chakeri is a census town in Kanpur Nagar district in the state of Uttar Pradesh, India.-Demographics: India census, Chakeri had a population of 8580. Males constitute 55% of the population and females 45%. Chakeri has an average literacy rate of 84%, higher than the national average of 59.5%; with...

 city which is 13 km from Kanpur city centre serves as a major source of airways transport for Kanpurites.Air India

Air India

Air India is the flag carrier airline of India. It is part of the government of India owned Air India Limited . The airline operates a fleet of Airbus and Boeing aircraft serving Asia, Australia, Europe and North America. Its corporate office is located at the Air India Building at Nariman...

 (formerly Indian Airlines) is running a regular daily flight using a 68-seater CRJ-200 aircraft between Kanpur

Kanpur Airport

Kanpur Airport is an airport that was originally designated for the Indian Air Force. In the 1970s, flights operated from this airport regularly to Delhi, Ahmedabad, Allahabad, Kolkata, Banglore, Chennai, Pune and Mumbai...

 and Delhi

Indira Gandhi International Airport

Indira Gandhi International Airport is the primary international airport of the National Capital Region of Delhi, India, situated in West Delhi, 16 km southwest of New Delhi city centre. Named after Indira Gandhi, the former Prime Minister of India, it is the busiest airport in India in...

 domestic terminal every Monday to Saturday. Air India

Air India

Air India is the flag carrier airline of India. It is part of the government of India owned Air India Limited . The airline operates a fleet of Airbus and Boeing aircraft serving Asia, Australia, Europe and North America. Its corporate office is located at the Air India Building at Nariman...

 also launches its 70-seater CRJ-700 Jet aircraft for Delhi-Kanpur-Kolkata on May 24, 2011. Air traffic to other places in India is also yet to pick up the pace from Kanpur. Currently Lucknow's Amausi International airport is used by the people of Kanpur for travelling. After setting instrument landing system at Kanpur Airport

Kanpur Airport

Kanpur Airport is an airport that was originally designated for the Indian Air Force. In the 1970s, flights operated from this airport regularly to Delhi, Ahmedabad, Allahabad, Kolkata, Banglore, Chennai, Pune and Mumbai...

 flights will be operated to major cities like Mumbai

Mumbai

Mumbai , formerly known as Bombay in English, is the capital of the Indian state of Maharashtra. It is the most populous city in India, and the fourth most populous city in the world, with a total metropolitan area population of approximately 20.5 million...

, Ahmedabad

Ahmedabad

Ahmedabad also known as Karnavati is the largest city in Gujarat, India. It is the former capital of Gujarat and is also the judicial capital of Gujarat as the Gujarat High Court has its seat in Ahmedabad...

 & Bengaluru.

Kanpur Civil Airport

Kanpur Civil Airport

Kanpur Civil Airport is used by small civilian aircraft. It is also used by DGCA, flying club of Kanpur and NCC Air Wing.-Incident and Accidents:...

IIT Kanpur Airport

IIT Kanpur Airport

IIT Kanpur Airport, also called Kalyanpur Airport, is located at Kalyanpur near Kanpur, India. It is presently used by the Aerospace Engineering department of IIT Kanpur.-See also:* List of airports by ICAO code: V#VA VE VI VO - India...

Trams

Trams were introduced in Kanpur in June 1907. The introductory stocks were single coach in Kanpur like other Indian cities (Delhi, Mumbai and Chennai), because the new mode of transport was introduced experimentally. They were electric Traction Type. Tram service closed at Kanpur on 16 May 1933.

There were 4 miles of track and 20 single-deck open trams. The single line connected the railway station with Sirsaya Ghat on the banks of the Ganges.

International relations

City	Flag	Country
Manchester Manchester Manchester is a city and metropolitan borough in Greater Manchester, England. According to the Office for National Statistics, the 2010 mid-year population estimate for Manchester was 498,800. Manchester lies within one of the UK's largest metropolitan areas, the metropolitan county of Greater...		United Kingdom United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
San Jose, California San Jose, California San Jose is the third-largest city in California, the tenth-largest in the U.S., and the county seat of Santa Clara County which is located at the southern end of San Francisco Bay...	United States	United States United States The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
Tainan City		Taiwan Taiwan Taiwan , also known, especially in the past, as Formosa , is the largest island of the same-named island group of East Asia in the western Pacific Ocean and located off the southeastern coast of mainland China. The island forms over 99% of the current territory of the Republic of China following...
Osaka Osaka is a city in the Kansai region of Japan's main island of Honshu, a designated city under the Local Autonomy Law, the capital city of Osaka Prefecture and also the biggest part of Keihanshin area, which is represented by three major cities of Japan, Kyoto, Osaka and Kobe...		Japan Japan Japan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
Yekaterinburg Yekaterinburg Yekaterinburg is a major city in the central part of Russia, the administrative center of Sverdlovsk Oblast. Situated on the eastern side of the Ural mountain range, it is the main industrial and cultural center of the Urals Federal District with a population of 1,350,136 , making it Russia's...		Russia Russia Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
Faisalabad Faisalabad Faisalabad , formerly known as Lyallpur, is the third largest metropolis in Pakistan, the second largest in the province of Punjab after Lahore, and a major industrial center in the heart of Pakistan. Before the foundation of the city in 1880, the area was very thinly populated. The population has...		Pakistan Pakistan Pakistan , officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan is a sovereign state in South Asia. It has a coastline along the Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Oman in the south and is bordered by Afghanistan and Iran in the west, India in the east and China in the far northeast. In the north, Tajikistan...

See also

• Siege of Cawnpore
  Siege of Cawnpore
  The Siege of Cawnpore was a key episode in the Indian rebellion of 1857. The besieged British in Cawnpore were unprepared for an extended siege and surrendered to rebel Indian forces under Nana Sahib, in return for a safe passage to Allahabad. However, under ambiguous circumstances, their...
  
  
• Second Battle of Cawnpore
  Second Battle of Cawnpore
  The Second Battle of Cawnpore was a battle of Indian rebellion of 1857. It was decisive as it thwarted the rebels' last chance to regain the initiative and recapture the cities of Kanpur and Lucknow.-Background:...
  
  
• Renamed places in Kanpur
• Kanpur (Lok Sabha constituency)
  Kanpur (Lok Sabha constituency)
  Kanpur Lok Sabha constituency is one of the 80 Lok Sabha constituencies in Uttar Pradesh state in northern India.-Assembly segments:Presently, Kanpur Lok Sabha constituency comprises nine Vidhan Sabha segments...
  
  
• Education in Kanpur
  Education in Kanpur
  Kanpur is home to several educational institutions which have made it a popular educational center.Technological institutes:*Appolo College of Engineering*Govt...
  
  

External links

• Kanpur Yellow Pages
• Kanpurites Message Board
• Kanpur Classified
• Kanpur city portal
• Kanpur Dehat portal
• Kanpur City Latest Updates
• Kanpur Satellite Map
• Kanpur public portal