Fatehpur district
Encyclopedia
Fatehpur district is one of the 71 districts
Districts of Uttar Pradesh
The Indian state of Uttar Pradesh borders with Nepal and the Indian states of Bihar, Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Haryana, Uttarakhand and National Capital Territory of Delhi. The Himalayas lies in the north of the state and the Deccan Plateau is at the south...

 of Uttar Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh abbreviation U.P. , is a state located in the northern part of India. With a population of over 200 million people, it is India's most populous state, as well as the world's most populous sub-national entity...

 state in northern India
India
India , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...

. The district covers an area of 4,152 km². The district has a population of 2,308,384 (2001 Census). Fatehpur
Fatehpur, Fatehpur
Fatehpur is a city and a municipal board in Fatehpur district in the state of Uttar Pradesh, India.-Geography:Fatehpur is located at . It has an average elevation of 110 metres...

 city is the administrative headquarters of the district. Located on the banks of the sacred
Sacred
Holiness, or sanctity, is in general the state of being holy or sacred...

 rivers Ganges and Yamuna
Yamuna
The Yamuna is the largest tributary river of the Ganges in northern India...

, Fatehpur was mentioned in the puranic literature. The ghats
Ghats
As used in many parts of South Asia, the term ghat refers to a series of steps leading down to a water body, usually a holy river. In Bengali-speaking regions, this set of stairs can lead down to something as small as a pond or as large as a major river....

of Bhitora and Asni
Asni
Asni is a small town in the foothills of the High Atlas mountains near Marrakech, Morocco.It is connected to Ikkiss and Imlil by tracks. Open back trucks provide a bus service several times a week between these three villages.-External links:**...

 were described as sacred in the puranas
Puranas
The Puranas are a genre of important Hindu, Jain and Buddhist religious texts, notably consisting of narratives of the history of the universe from creation to destruction, genealogies of kings, heroes, sages, and demigods, and descriptions of Hindu cosmology, philosophy, and geography.Puranas...

. Bhitaura, the site of the sage
Wise old man
The wise old man is an archetype as described by Carl Jung, as well as a classic literary figure, and may be seen as a stock character...

 Bhrigu, was an important source of learning. Fatehpur district is a part of Allahabad Division
Allahabad Division
Allahabad division is an administrative unit of Indian state of Uttar Pradesh.The original Allahabad division consisted of all the districts of the lower Doab, viz.:-* Etawah district* Farrukhabad district* Kanpur district* Fatehpur district...

.

This district is situated between two important cities Allahabad, which is also known as "Prayag", and Kanpur of state Uttar Pradesh. This is well connected with those cities by train route and road. The distance from Allahabad is 117 km and from Kanpur is 76 km by railway. The north boundary of the district is limited by river Ganges and southern is ended with river Yamuna.

In the Vedic era the region of this district was known as "Antardesh", which means the fertile area between two big rivers. Later, it was known as "Madhyadesh" which means central region. The northern region of the district is influenced with "Avadhi" culture while southern part shows effect of the "Bundelkhand". The territory covered by the present day Fatehpur district was part of Vatsa
Vatsa
Vatsa was one of the solasa Mahajanapadas of Uttarapatha of ancient India mentioned in the Anguttara Nikaya....

, which was one among sixteen mahajanapadas
Mahajanapadas
Mahājanapadas , literally "great realms", were ancient Indian kingdoms or countries...

 described in the Buddhist literature.

History

The known history of Fatehpur is as old as the Vedik era. General Karningham has written about "Bhitaura" and "Asani" places of this district, while discussing about the residuals of the Vedic Period
Vedic period
The Vedic period was a period in history during which the Vedas, the oldest scriptures of Hinduism, were composed. The time span of the period is uncertain. Philological and linguistic evidence indicates that the Rigveda, the oldest of the Vedas, was composed roughly between 1700–1100 BCE, also...

. There are proofs that Chinese traveller Hwensaung visited the Asani place of this district.

In village Renh, which is 25 km in south-west of Fatehpur town, some articles of archaeological interest have been found which are of time 800 B.C. Many articles like coins, bricks, idols etc. of Maurya period, Kushan period & Gupta period have been found throughout the district. Many temples of Gupta period still exist in village Tenduli, Korari, Sarhan Bujurg etc., which are very important from the archaeological point of view. Golden coins of period of Chandragupta-II have been recovered from village Bijauli. The bricks used in fort of Asani are also of Gupta Period.

There is an old decaying fort in Ayah said to have been built by the martial Arakhs
Arakhs
The Arakhs or Arkawanshis are an ancient kshatriya clan/tribe of Indian origin who at one time ruled large areas of Awadh. The heroes of the Arakh clan include sun-worshipper Maharaja Tilok Chand , Salhia Singh , Malhia Singh and Maharaja...

 (also called 'Arkawanshi kshatriyas'), who ruled this region (including Khaga
Khaga
Khaga is a town and a nagar panchayat in Fatehpur district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh.-History:The town of Khaga is said to have been established by a brave ruler belonging to the martial Arakh clan, named Maharaja Khadagsen...

) before 11th century. The Arakh rulers were the worshippers of Sun God ('Lord Arka' अर्कदेव) and Lord Shiva, hence many ancient Sun and Shiva idols have been found in and around the region. The British chronicles make a mention of the fort.

The Khajuha town, situated on Mughal road is very old town. Its description has been found in old Hindu scripture "Brahm Puran", which is 5000 years old. In 1561 A.D., Moghal emperor Humayun passed through this town while invading Jaunpur state. On January 5, 1659 A.D., Mughal emperor Aurangjeb had a fierce battle with his brother prince Shahshuja, and killed him near this place. To celebrate the victory, he constructed a large beautiful garden "Badshahi Bagh" and a big lodge having 130 rooms.

During Mughal regime, the control of Fatehpur shifted time to time to the hands of Jaunpur, Delhi and Kannauj. In 1801 A.D., this region came under control of East India Company and in 1814 this was given the status of a sub-division (Paragana), while the headquarter was at Bhitaura, which is now a block office. In 1826 A.D., the Fatehpur was redesignated as a District headquarter.It has may historic places like "Bawni(52) Imli in which english men had hagned on a tree.It is situated on Bindiki.

Economy

In 2006 the Ministry of Panchayati Raj
Ministry of Panchayati Raj
The Ministry of Panchayati Raj is a branch of the Government of India looking after the ongoing process of decentralization and local governance in the States....

 named Fatehpur one of the country's 250 most backward districts
Poverty in India
Poverty is widespread in India, with the nation estimated to have a third of the world's poor. According to a 2005 World Bank estimate, 41.6% of the total Indian population falls below the international poverty line of 1.25 a day...

 (out of a total of 640
Districts of India
A district is an administrative division of an Indian state or territory. Districts are further subdivided, in some cases into Sub-Divisions, and otherwise directly into tehsils or talukas.District officials include:...

). It is one of the 34 districts in Uttar Pradesh currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF).

Divisions

The district is divided in to 3 sub-divisions, namely, Fatehpur, Bindki and Khaga. These sub-divisions are further divided in to 13 development blocks: Airaya, Amauli, Asothar, Bahua, Bhitaura, Deomai, Dhata, Haswa, Hathgam, Khajuha, Malwan, Teliyani and Vijayipur.

According to the 2011 census
2011 census of India
The 15th Indian National census was conducted in two phases, houselisting and population enumeration. Houselisting phase began on April 1, 2010 and involved collection of information about all buildings...

 Fatehpur district has a population
Demographics of India
The demographics of India are inclusive of the second most populous country in the world, with over 1.21 billion people , more than a sixth of the world's population. Already containing 17.5% of the world's population, India is projected to be the world's most populous country by 2025, surpassing...

 of 2,632,684 , roughly equal to the nation of Kuwait
Kuwait
The State of Kuwait is a sovereign Arab state situated in the north-east of the Arabian Peninsula in Western Asia. It is bordered by Saudi Arabia to the south at Khafji, and Iraq to the north at Basra. It lies on the north-western shore of the Persian Gulf. The name Kuwait is derived from the...

 or the US state of Nevada
Nevada
Nevada is a state in the western, mountain west, and southwestern regions of the United States. With an area of and a population of about 2.7 million, it is the 7th-largest and 35th-most populous state. Over two-thirds of Nevada's people live in the Las Vegas metropolitan area, which contains its...

. This gives it a ranking of 154th in India (out of a total of 640
Districts of India
A district is an administrative division of an Indian state or territory. Districts are further subdivided, in some cases into Sub-Divisions, and otherwise directly into tehsils or talukas.District officials include:...

). The district has a population density of 634 PD/sqkm . Its population growth rate
Family planning in India
Family planning in India is based on efforts largely sponsored by the Indian government. In the 1965-2009 period, contraceptive usage has more than tripled and the fertility rate has more than halved , but the national fertility rate is still high enough to cause long-term population growth...

 over the decade 2001-2011 was 14.05 %. Fatehpur has a sex ratio
Sex ratio
Sex ratio is the ratio of males to females in a population. The primary sex ratio is the ratio at the time of conception, secondary sex ratio is the ratio at time of birth, and tertiary sex ratio is the ratio of mature organisms....

 of 900 females
Women in India
The status of women in India has been subject to many great changes over the past few millennia. From equal status with men in ancient times through the low points of the medieval period, to the promotion of equal rights by many reformers, the history of women in India has been eventful...

 for every 1000 males, and a literacy rate
Literacy in India
Literacy in India is key for socio-economic progress, and the Indian literacy rate grew to 74.04% in 2011 from 12% at the end of British rule in 1947. Although this was a greater than sixfold improvement, the level is well below the world average literacy rate of 84%, and India currently has the...

 of 68.78 %.

Places

Bawan Imali:
This monument is the symbol of sacrifices offered by freedom fighters. On April 28, 1858, fifty two freedom fighters were hanged on an "Imali" tree by the British army. The "Imali" tree still exists, people believe that the growth of tree has stopped after the massacre. This place is very near to town Khajuha in Bindki Subdivision of the district.
Bhitaura:
This is block headquarter situated at the bank of holy river Ganges. This is the place where renowned saint Bhrigu worshipped for a long time that's why called Bhrigu Thaura. Here, flow of river Ganges is towards north direction, which is very important from the religious point of view.Block pramukh of this block was MR SHOAIB AHMAD(BETI).

Hathgam:
This is also block headquarter and birth place of great freedom fighter Late Shri Ganesh Shankar Vidyarthi & renowned Urdu poet Shri Iqbal Verma. It is said, this was populated by Saint Parashar.

Renh:
A very old village situated on the bank of river Yamuna. Two decades before a very old idol of Lord Vishnu, made up of precious alloy, was found in this village. Now that idol is in a temple in village Kirtikheda on Bindki Lalauli road.

Shivrajpur:
This village is situated at the bank of river Ganges near Bindki, which is a sub-division. In this village, there is a very old temple of Lord Krishna, which is known as "Mirabai Ka Mandir" (temple of Mirabai). It is said that idol of Lord Krishna was founded by Mirabai, a renowned devotee of Lord Krishna and a member of royal family of Mewar state.

Tenduli:
A village situated on Chaudagara-Bindki road. It is believed that victims of snake/dog biting, persons suffering from parapsychological problems get relief from the temple of Baba Jhamdas in this village.

Bindaki:
It's a very old city about 15 miles off fatehpur which was named after its emperor Raja Venuki. A very rich city by its secularism having fertile land lying in between river Ganges & river Yamuna. Thus, this is among a few oldest tehsil
Tehsil
A Tehsil or Tahsil/Tahasil , also known as Taluk and Mandal, is an administrative division of some country/countries of South Asia....

 in the state of Uttar Pradesh. Besides having a grand religious and historical background, this is motherland of Martyr Jodha Singh Ataiya, and many other freedom fighters & renowned Hindi poet Rashtra-kavi Sohan Lal Dwivedi.

Khajuha:
In the ancient time Khajuha was known as Khajuha Garh. It was having a great importance in Mughal era, in that time of Aurangzeb it was the main cantonement of Allahabad region. Khajuha is also known as the Lord Shiva Nagari. There are 86 grand marvillous Shiva temples in this small town.

Asothar:
Asothar is a town situated in Fatehpur District of Uttar Pradesh. This town, lying between Ghazipur and Kishanpur, is to the south of Fatehpur and 14 km from Khaga. A lot of Jain sculptures were discovered here like smaller mound bearing five large Digamber Jain figures which people call the five Pandavas. It is also believed that Shiv Ling from Mahadev temple emerged from the ground.

Dhamna Khurd:
An age old brick temple of Lord Surya (Chaturbhuj) temple is situated in village Dhamna Khurd (Amauli) Dist. Fatehpur (U.P.). An ASI enlisted historic brick temple is situated in Dhamna Khurd, about 5 km west of Amauli Block H.Q. of distt Fatehpur. It is said that this temple was developed automatically during nights having six months duration.Still the uppermost portion of the curvlinear Shikhar, embelished with Chandrasalas and bhumi amatakas, is lost besides a large mutilated image of Lord Surya (God Chaturbhuj) is installed in the Garbh Griha along with broken figures of his family members and some other divinities. On the architectural and sculptural grounds this temple may be assigned to the last quarter of the eighth century AD. In last years, villagers voluntarily collected some money and rejuvenated its outer foundation as well as structure. It is said that during Aurangjeb reign, Murties of the temple were destroyed. The temple is situated in the heart (Centre) of the village from where lord Surya observes villagers activities. All the villagers have more faith on the God. The temple is made from square bricks which is deteriorating day by day. It may be well rejuvenated only with the Govt aid and assistance. The village is situated in Ganga and Yamuna Doaba plains, about 65 km from its distt H.Q. on Amauli-Ghatampur road. It lies between the parallel of 35°26′ north latitude and 80°14′ east longitude having semi arid climate with maximum and minimum temperatures of 42–44°C and 6–7°C, respectively, with average annual rainfall of 90–95 cm. Villagers depends on agriculture only for their livelihood. Irrigation facilities are very poor, depending upon on rain and tube wells or on the blesses of Lord Chaturbhuj.

Notable personalities

  • Hikmat Ullah Khan: He was deputed in this district during 1857 revolution. He was very much impressed with the feelings of freedom fighters. Ultimately, he offered his services to the motherland and was included in the army of Nana Saheb Peshwa
    Peshwa
    A Peshwa is the titular equivalent of a modern Prime Minister. Emporer Shivaji created the Peshwa designation in order to more effectively delegate administrative duties during the growth of the Maratha Empire. Prior to 1749, Peshwas held office for 8-9 years and controlled the Maratha army...

    . In the same year, during a clash he was captured by the British army and was hanged on an Imali tree.He was posted as Collector and Deputy Megistrate at Fatehpur district. On 12 July 1857 he arrested by general Hewelack, his head was hang on Fatehpur District kotwali.
  • Sohan Lal Dwivedi: The great poet, who has said "Rashtrakavi" by Gandhi ji. He was born in 1905 in Bindki sub-division of this district.
  • Dariyaw Singh: He was one of those martyrs of this district, who sacrificed their everything in the war of freedom. He along with his son Sujan Singh and others, captured the Khaga sub-division of the district on June 8, 1857. Till July 11, the district was under control of revolutionists. On March 6, 1858, both of them along with others were sentenced to death by the British govt.
  • Ganesh Shankar Vidyarthi
    Ganesh Shankar Vidyarthi
    Ganesh Shankar Vidyarthi , was an Indian journalist, a leader of the Indian National Congress and an independence movement activist. He is mostly known as the founder-editor of the Hindi language newspaper, Pratap....

    : Renowned personality, freedom fighter influenced by Gandhi ideology, was born in the Hathgaon place of this district. This place is a block headquarters.
  • Thakur Jodha Singh Ataiya: The resident of village Rasoolpur of this district, this freedom fighter played important role in 1857 revolution. On 28 April 1858, he was hanged on the "Imali" tree near town Khajuha, with 51 other revolutionists. The tree still exists, and this place is known as "Bawani Imali".
  • Raja Bhagvant Ray Kheechi- head of Asother state, who defeated the armi of Ibrahim Sharki and released women from his haram.
  • In letrature this district has been so fertile. Narhari Mahapatra (1562–1667 Samvat vikrami) is known the first known poet of this District.. before him no athentic record is available. it is also subject to research. Bhakti Sahitya headed by Sant Hans Das, Sant Chand Das and more known-unknown poets. later on Kavi Karnes, Thakur-I, Chandra Sekhar Bajpayee etc. caried the tradition of poetic writing.. there After new era headed by Sohan lal Dwivedi, Dulare Singh Veer, Aashu Kavi Jag Mohan Nath, Rameshwar Shukla, Rama Nath Awasthi.. and this is being carried by S.K.Trivedi,Chandra Kumar Pandey,Dr.C.P.Dixit Lalit,B.K.Pandey,Dev Dutt Arya,Aanand Swarup,Hari Prasad Shukla and lots more poets. Now-a-days, lots of younger poets like..Pankaj Pandey,Brijendra Agnihotri etc. also doing well in poetic writing..


Masjid And Mandir
----
  • Masjid-E-Khizra
  • Peeli Masjid
  • Masjid-E-Ayesha
  • Masjid-e-Dalalan
  • Unchi Masjid
  • Masjid Baradari
  • Masjid shah Raza
  • Masjid aik Minara
  • Masjid Madeen Paharipur
  • Masjid-e- Aab Bakarganj
  • Masjid Noorani Paharipur

  • Shri Tambeshwar Baba Mandir
  • Shkti Peeth Kalikaan Mandir
  • Shri Moteshwar Mahadev Mandir
  • Shri Shakti Peeth Durga Mandir
  • Shri Panch Mukhi Hanuman Mandir
  • Shri Hanuman mandir, Chowk
  • Shri Hanuman mandir, Murain tola
  • Shri Hanuman mandir, Patel Nagar
  • Shri Shive Mandir, Purani Chungi Chauki

School's and College's
  • Brilliant Oriental School
  • Fatehpur Public School
  • Playway Inter College
  • Muslim Inter College

LODGE

0-ASHOKA LODGE, Grand Trunk Road, Fatehpur
1-Pant lodge G T Road Fatehpur
2-rajjan marriage lodge.

3-Vivek lodge
4-rama shayama,civil line fatehpur
5-utsav lodge,civil line fatehpur
6-palki lodge,iti road fatehpur
7-shagun lodge G T road fatehpur
8-I-MAX lodge
9-manglam lodge civil line fatehpur
10- Sadashiv Dharmshaala(Deepak Lodge), Chowk Fatehpur
11- Sarang Gest House G T Road Nauwabag fatehpur
12- Dilli Darbar G T Road Nauwabag fatehpur

Newspapers

  • Doaba darshan Hindi Daily Newspaper
  • Amar Ujala
  • MADHURAKSHAR Hindi magazine
  • AKHIR LIKHNA PADA Hindi weekly newspaper
  • HAMARI SANSKRITI HAMARI PAHCHAN SANSKAR Hindi weekly newspaper

Transport

Fatehpur is fairly well connected to other parts of Uttar Pradesh and India with national and state highways. The national highway (NH2) (Grand Trunk Road known as G.T. Road) passes through Fatehpur. Fatehpur is 72 km far from Kanpur, 121 km far from Allahabad and state capital Lucknow is 120 km far. There are frequent buses to Kanpur, Allahabad, Banda, and Lucknow. Fatehpur has great history in regard of 1857 freedom fight.

Railways

This city is well-connected with important cities by train. Fatehpur Station is on main route of New Delhi-Howrah. Trains are available frequently. Longest platform on the route of Howrah to Delhi. This fact is disputed as the longest platforms are Jhansi (not on Delhi-Howrah route) followed by Dehri-on-Son (on Delhi-Howrah route).

On 10 July 2011, a derailment near Malwan killed 68 passengers, and injured at least 239, after the driver reportedly slammed on the emergency brakes because cattle were on the tracks.

External links

The source of this article is wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.  The text of this article is licensed under the GFDL.
 
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