Institute of Food Technologists
Encyclopedia
The Institute of Food Technologists or IFT is an international, non-profit professional organization
Professional body
A professional association is usually a nonprofit organization seeking to further a particular profession, the interests of individuals engaged in that profession, and the public interest.The roles of these professional associations have been variously defined: "A group of people in a...

 for the advancement of food science
Food science
Food science is a study concerned with all technical aspects of foods, beginning with harvesting or slaughtering, and ending with its cooking and consumption, an ideology commonly referred to as "from field to fork"...

 and technology
Food technology
Food technology, is a branch of food science which deals with the actual production processes to make foods.-Early history of food technology:...

. It is the largest of food science organizations in the world, encompassing 22,000 members worldwide as of 2006. It is referred to as "THE Society of Food Science and Technology." Its current president is Robert B. Gravani of Cornell University
Cornell University
Cornell University is an Ivy League university located in Ithaca, New York, United States. It is a private land-grant university, receiving annual funding from the State of New York for certain educational missions...

.

Early history

As food technology grew from the individual family farm to the factory level, including the slaughterhouse
Slaughterhouse
A slaughterhouse or abattoir is a facility where animals are killed for consumption as food products.Approximately 45-50% of the animal can be turned into edible products...

 for meat and poultry processing, the cannery for canned foods, and bakeries for bread as examples, the need to have personnel trained for the food industries did also. Literature such as Upton Sinclair
Upton Sinclair
Upton Beall Sinclair Jr. , was an American author who wrote close to one hundred books in many genres. He achieved popularity in the first half of the twentieth century, acquiring particular fame for his classic muckraking novel, The Jungle . It exposed conditions in the U.S...

's The Jungle
The Jungle
The Jungle is a 1906 novel written by journalist Upton Sinclair. Sinclair wrote the novel with the intention of portraying the life of the immigrant in the United States, but readers were more concerned with the large portion of the book pertaining to the corruption of the American meatpacking...

in 1906 about slaughterhouse operations would be a factor in the establishment of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) later that year. The United States Department of Agriculture
United States Department of Agriculture
The United States Department of Agriculture is the United States federal executive department responsible for developing and executing U.S. federal government policy on farming, agriculture, and food...

 was also interested in food technology and research was also being done at agricultural colleges in the United States, including the Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
The Massachusetts Institute of Technology is a private research university located in Cambridge, Massachusetts. MIT has five schools and one college, containing a total of 32 academic departments, with a strong emphasis on scientific and technological education and research.Founded in 1861 in...

 (MIT), the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
The University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign is a large public research-intensive university in the state of Illinois, United States. It is the flagship campus of the University of Illinois system...

, the University of Wisconsin–Madison
University of Wisconsin–Madison
The University of Wisconsin–Madison is a public research university located in Madison, Wisconsin, United States. Founded in 1848, UW–Madison is the flagship campus of the University of Wisconsin System. It became a land-grant institution in 1866...

, and the University of California, Berkeley
University of California, Berkeley
The University of California, Berkeley , is a teaching and research university established in 1868 and located in Berkeley, California, USA...

. By 1935, two MIT professors, Samuel C. Prescott and Bernard E. Proctor
Bernard E. Proctor
Bernard E. Proctor was an American food scientist who was involved in early research on food irradiation.-Early life:...

 decided that it was time to hold an international conference regarding this. A detailed proposal was presented to MIT President Karl Taylor Compton
Karl Taylor Compton
Karl Taylor Compton was a prominent American physicist and president of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology from 1930 to 1948.- The early years :...

 in 1936 was presented with $1500 of financial aid from MIT for a meeting to be held from June 30 to July 2, 1937 with Compton asking how many people would be in attendance at this meeting. Prescott replied with "fifty or sixty people." 500 people actually attended the event.

This meeting proved so successful that in early 1938 that a second conference would be held in 1939. Initially led by George J. Hucker
George J. Hucker
George J. Hucker was an American microbiologist who was involved in the founding of the Institute of Food Technologists and was involved in dairy microbiology.-Career at Cornell University:...

 of the New York State Agricultural Experiment Station
New York State Agricultural Experiment Station
The New York State Agricultural Experiment Station at Geneva, Ontario County, New York State, is an integral part of the New York State College of Agriculture and Life Sciences at Cornell University. It is a mission-oriented experiment station with a strong emphasis on applied research...

 (part of Cornell University
Cornell University
Cornell University is an Ivy League university located in Ithaca, New York, United States. It is a private land-grant university, receiving annual funding from the State of New York for certain educational missions...

) in Geneva, New York
Geneva, New York
Geneva is a city in Ontario and Seneca counties in the U.S. state of New York. The population was 13,617 at the 2000 census. Some claim it is named after the city and canton of Geneva in Switzerland. Others believe the name came from confusion over the letters in the word "Seneca" written in cursive...

, a small group meeting was held on August 5, 1938 on forming an organization with an expanded group meeting in New York City on January 16, 1939 to further discuss this. The second conference was held at MIT June 29 to July 1, 1939 with Proctor as conference chair. 600 people attended this event. At the final session, the chairman of the session Fred C. Blanck
Fred C. Blanck
Fred C. Blanck was an American food scientist who was involved in the founding of the Institute of Food Technologists which was involved in the publishing of food and nutrition articles and books.- IFT founding :...

 of the United States Department of Agriculture, proposed that an organization be established as the Institute of Food Technologists. This was approved unanimously. Its first officers were Prescott as President, Roy C. Newton
Roy C. Newton
Roy C. Newton was an American food scientist who was involved in research and development of antioxidants in food and meat products during the 20th century. He also was a founding member of the Institute of Food Technologists in 1939.-IFT founding:...

 of Swift & Company
Swift & Company
Swift & Company is an American food procession company a wholly owned subsidiary of JBS S.A. , a Brazilian company that is the world's largest processor of fresh beef and pork, with more than US$30 billion in annual sales as of 2010. It is also the largest beef processor in Australia.Swift &...

 in Chicago, Illinois as Vice President, and Hucker as Secretary-Treasurer. By 1949, IFT had 3,000 members.

IFT growth

Regional sections were established in IFT as early as 1940 in northern California (San Francisco, Bakersfield, Sacramento
Sacramento
Sacramento is the capital of the state of California, in the United States of America.Sacramento may also refer to:- United States :*Sacramento County, California*Sacramento, Kentucky*Sacramento – San Joaquin River Delta...

). The first IFT Award, the Nicholas Appert Award
Nicholas Appert Award
The Nicholas Appert Award has been awarded every year since 1942 by the Chicago Section of the Institute of Food Technologists. Given for lifetime and consistent achievement in food technology, it is named after Nicolas Appert, the French inventor of airtight food preservation. Award winners...

 was established in 1942 by IFT's Chicago section with additional awards being established since then. For the first ten years, the IFT's officers were established to be President, Vice-President, Secretary, and Treasurer. In 1949, the IFT moved into offices in Chicago and created a permanent position of Executive Secretary to run daily organizational operations. Retired U.S. Army Colonel
Colonel (United States)
In the United States Army, Air Force, and Marine Corps, colonel is a senior field grade military officer rank just above the rank of lieutenant colonel and just below the rank of brigadier general...

 Charles S. Lawrence
Charles S. Lawrence
Charles S. Lawrence was a United States Army colonel who would survive the Bataan Death March to later become the first Executive Vice President of the Institute of Food Technologists .-Early life and career:...

 was named the first Executive Secretary, a position he would hold until 1961 when he was replaced by Calvert L. Willey
Calvert L. Willey
Calvert L. Willey was the second Executive Vice President of the Institute of Food Technologists, serving in that manner from 1961 until his 1987 retirement.-Early career:...

. During Willey's term as Executive Director (Executive Secretary 1961–1966), IFT would grow from 6,000 members in 1961 to 23,000 members in 1987. Additionally, IFT Divisions were first established in 1971 with the Refrigerated
Refrigeration
Refrigeration is a process in which work is done to move heat from one location to another. This work is traditionally done by mechanical work, but can also be done by magnetism, laser or other means...

 and frozen food
Frozen food
Freezing food preserves it from the time it is prepared to the time it is eaten. Since early times, farmers, fishermen, and trappers have preserved their game and produce in unheated buildings during the winter season. Freezing food slows down decomposition by turning water to ice, making it...

s division. The IFT Student Division was established in 1975, and was reorganized in 1984 to be the IFT Student Association with the chairperson serving as a member of the IFT Board of Directors.

IFT today

Today there are a total of twenty-eight divisions and fifty-four sections within IFT. Members from these sections and divisions make up the governing body of the Institute with each section having councilors determined by sectional membership, which 1 councilor per 200 members of that section while each division has one councilor. Additionally the council has the President, President-Elect, Immediate Past President, Treasurer, and as an ex-officio member with the Executive Vice President (Executive Director 1966–1999). The Executive Committee until July 2007 consisted of the main officers, six representatives elected by the IFT council, six representatives elected by the IFT membership, the Executive Vice President, and the chair of the student association. Since July 2007, it consists of a Board of Directors made up of the President, President-Elect, Past-President, Treasurer, and Executive Vice President along with twelve Board of Directors that have four of these elected every three years. This change was approved by the IFT members in a change to the constitution in April 2007. IFT also communicates with the news media, using seventy university-based scientists to discuss the scientific perspective on food issues. IFT is also active in the international level by its membership in the International Union of Food Science and Technology
International Union of Food Science and Technology
International Union of Food Science and Technology]]The International Union of Food Science and Technology is the international non-governmental organization established in 1962, devoted to the advancement of food science and technology...

, headquartered in Oakville, Ontario
Oakville, Ontario
Oakville is a town in Halton Region, on Lake Ontario in Southern Ontario, Canada, and is part of the Greater Toronto Area. As of the 2006 census the population was 165,613.-History:In 1793, Dundas Street was surveyed for a military road...

, Canada. Education has always been an issue of IFT, going as far back as 1941, with desires to have uniform education standards in food technology. Education standards for undergraduate students were approved by IFT in 1966 for food science and technology. These standards were revised and updated in 1977, 1992, and 2001. Today, IFT sits on the advisory council for the International Food Protection Training Institute
International Food Protection Training Institute
The International Food Protection Training Institute is a non-profit organization that seeks to improve food safety by building a national training infrastructure.In collaboration with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration , U.S...

. Future issues in food technology include microsensors and biosensors in food, antimicrobials in food packaging to extend the shelf-life of food, and nanotechnology
Nanotechnology
Nanotechnology is the study of manipulating matter on an atomic and molecular scale. Generally, nanotechnology deals with developing materials, devices, or other structures possessing at least one dimension sized from 1 to 100 nanometres...

 creation for food microencapsulation In March 2007, about 200 members participated in a strategic leadership forum in Chicago that dealt with changes within IFT leadership, including membership, future success of the profession, the value of IFT membership, and communications.

In 2010, IFT celebrated their 10th year of setting up their office in Washington, D.C. Their website was overhauled on May 24, 2010.

IFT Annual Meeting and Food Expo

The largest gathering for IFT is the annual IFT Annual Meeting and Food Expo. In 2009, the event was held in Anaheim, California. Approximately 24,000 people from 75 countries attended and over 1000 exhibitors presented. The 2010 IFT Annual Meeting & Food Expo was held at McCormick Place in Chicago.

IFT concerns

One constant that IFT has concern with is food safety
Food safety
Food safety is a scientific discipline describing handling, preparation, and storage of food in ways that prevent foodborne illness. This includes a number of routines that should be followed to avoid potentially severe health hazards....

, mainly with pathogens in food (see food microbiology
Food microbiology
Food microbiology is the study of the microorganisms that inhabit, create, or contaminate food. Of major importance is the study of microorganisms causing food spoilage. "Good" bacteria, however, such as probiotics, are becoming increasingly important in food science...

) and how to counter these harmful bacteria. The global trade of food is also concerned with food safety and food security, specifically with ingredient availability and consumer tastes worldwide. Since 1996, issues such as obesity
Obesity
Obesity is a medical condition in which excess body fat has accumulated to the extent that it may have an adverse effect on health, leading to reduced life expectancy and/or increased health problems...

, food allergens
Food allergy
A food allergy is an adverse immune response to a food protein. They are distinct from other adverse responses to food, such as food intolerance, pharmacological reactions, and toxin-mediated reactions....

, and bioterrorism
Bioterrorism
Bioterrorism is terrorism involving the intentional release or dissemination of biological agents. These agents are bacteria, viruses, or toxins, and may be in a naturally occurring or a human-modified form. For the use of this method in warfare, see biological warfare.-Definition:According to the...

 have become main issues that IFT are dealing with. A recent issue IFT has been addressing is the 2006 North American E. coli outbreak
2006 North American E. coli outbreak
The 2006 North American E. coli outbreak was an Escherichia coli O157:H7 outbreak from spinach. The outbreak occurred in September 2006 and its probable origin was an Angus cattle ranch that had leased land to spinach grower...

 dealing with the outbreak of Escherichia coli O157:H7
Escherichia coli O157:H7
Escherichia coli O157:H7 is an enterohemorrhagic strain of the bacterium Escherichia coli and a cause of foodborne illness. Infection often leads to hemorrhagic diarrhea, and occasionally to kidney failure, especially in young children and elderly persons...

(E. coli O157:H7) in spinach
Spinach
Spinach is an edible flowering plant in the family of Amaranthaceae. It is native to central and southwestern Asia. It is an annual plant , which grows to a height of up to 30 cm. Spinach may survive over winter in temperate regions...

 (September & October 2006), green onions, and lettuce.

IFT awards

All awards except the Loncin prize have this reference listed below.
  • Nicholas Appert Award
    Nicholas Appert Award
    The Nicholas Appert Award has been awarded every year since 1942 by the Chicago Section of the Institute of Food Technologists. Given for lifetime and consistent achievement in food technology, it is named after Nicolas Appert, the French inventor of airtight food preservation. Award winners...

     (1942) – IFT's highest honor. Lifetime contributions to food technology.
  • Babcock-Hart Award
    Babcock-Hart Award
    The Babcock-Hart Award has been awarded since 1948 by the Institute of Food Technologists. It is given for significant contributions in food technology that resulted in public health through some aspects of nutrition. It was first named the Stephan M. Babcock Award after the agricultural chemist...

     (1948) – Significant contributions in food technology that resulted in public health
    Public health
    Public health is "the science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life and promoting health through the organized efforts and informed choices of society, organizations, public and private, communities and individuals" . It is concerned with threats to health based on population health...

     improvements through some aspect of nutrition.
  • Bor S. Luh International Award
    Bor S. Luh International Award
    The Bor S. Luh International Award has been awarded every year since 1956. Before 2005, this award was named the International Award. It is given to an individual or institution that had outstanding efforts in one of the following areas in food technology: 1) International exchange of ideas, 2)...

     (1956 – International Award from 1956 to 2004) – Individual member or institution that had outstanding efforts in one of the following in food technology: 1) international exchange of ideas, 2) better international understanding, and/or 3) practical successful technology transfer to an economically depressed area in a developed or developing nation.
  • Food Technology Industrial Achievement Award
    Food Technology Industrial Achievement Award
    The Food Technology Industrial Achievement Award has been awarded by the Institute of Food Technologists since 1959. It is awarded for development of an outstanding food process or product that represents a significant advance in the application of food technology to food production...

     (1959) – Developing an outstanding food process or product that represents a significant advance in food technology or food production.
  • Samuel Cate Prescott Award
    Samuel Cate Prescott Award
    The Samuel Cate Prescott Award has been awarded since 1964 by the Institute of Food Technologists in Chicago, Illinois. It is awarded to food science or technology researchers who are under 36 years of age or who earned their highest degree within ten years before July 1 of the year the award is...

     (1964) – Outstanding ability of research in food technology. This is for researchers who are under 36 years of age or who are a maximum ten years after earning their highest academic degree whichever is later.
  • William V. Cruess Award
    William V. Cruess Award
    The William V. Cruess Award has been awarded every year since 1970. It is awarded for excellence in teaching in food science and technology and is the only award in which student members in the Institute of Food Technologists can nominate. This award is named after William V...

     (1970) – Excellence in teaching food science and technology. It is the only award that students can vote.
  • Carl R. Fellers Award
    Carl R. Fellers Award
    The Carl R. Fellers Award has been awarded every year since 1984. It is awarded to members of the Institute of Food Technologists who are also members of Phi Tau Sigma, the honorary society of food science and technology, who have brought honor and recognition to food science through achievements...

     (1984) – For IFT members who have brought honor and recognition to food science through achievements in areas other than education, research, development, and technology transfer.
  • Calvert L. Willey Award
    Calvert L. Willey Award
    The Calvert L. Willey Award has been awarded every year since 1989. It is awarded to a member of the Institute of Food Technologists who displayed meritorious and imaginative service to IFT. The award is named for Calvert L. Willey who served as Executive Secretary and later Executive Director...

     (1989) – For meritorious and imaginative service in IFT.
  • Stephen S. Chang Award for Lipid or Flavor Science
    Stephen S. Chang Award for Lipid or Flavor Science
    The Stephen S. Chang Award for Lipid or Flavor Science has been awarded every year since 1993. It is awarded to a member of the Institute of Food Technologists who has made significant contributions to lipid or flavor science. This award is named for Stephen S...

     (1993) – For contribution in lipid
    Lipid
    Lipids constitute a broad group of naturally occurring molecules that include fats, waxes, sterols, fat-soluble vitamins , monoglycerides, diglycerides, triglycerides, phospholipids, and others...

     and flavor
    Flavor
    Flavor or flavour is the sensory impression of a food or other substance, and is determined mainly by the chemical senses of taste and smell. The "trigeminal senses", which detect chemical irritants in the mouth and throat as well as temperature and texture, are also very important to the overall...

     science.
  • IFT Industrial Scientist Award
    IFT Industrial Scientist Award
    The IFT Industrial Scientist Award has been awarded every year since 1994. It is awarded by the Institute of Food Technologists for scientists who made technical contributions to advancing the food industry....

     (1994) – For technical contributions that advances the food industry.
  • Marcel Loncin Research Prize
    Marcel Loncin Research Prize
    The Marcel Loncin Research Prize was established in 1994. It is awarded by the Institute of Food Technologists in even-numbered years to fund basic chemistry, physics, and/or engineering research applied to food processing and improving food quality...

     (1994)- For basic research involving chemistry, physics, and food engineering applied to food research and food quality.
  • IFT Research & Development Award
    IFT Research & Development Award
    The IFT Research & Development Award has been awarded since 1997. It has been awarded by the Institute of Food Technologists to scientists who have made recent and significant research and development contributions to the understanding of food science, food technology, or nutrition.Award winners...

     (1997) – For significant research and development contributions to better understanding within food science, food technology, and nutrition.
  • Elizabeth Fleming Stier Award
    Elizabeth Fleming Stier Award
    The Elizabeth Fleming Stier Award has been issued every year since 1997. It is awarded to a member of the Institute of Food Technologists who has pursued humanitarian ideals and unselfish dedication to the well-being of the food industry, academia, students, or the general public...

     (1997) – Humanitarian and unselfish dedication that results in significant contributions to the well-being in the food industry, academia, general public, or students.
  • Bernard L. Oser Award
    Bernard L. Oser Award
    The Bernard L. Oser Award has been awarded since 2000 by the Institute of Food Technologists . It is awarded to contributions to the scientific knowledge of food ingredient safety or for leadership in establishing principles for food safety evaluation or regulation. This award is named for Bernard L...

     (2000) – For contributing to the scientific knowledge of food ingredient safety or in leadership in establishing food ingredient safety evaluation or regulation.
  • Myron Solberg Award
    Myron Solberg Award
    The Myron Solberg Award has been awarded every year since 2004 by the Institute of Food Technologists . It is awarded for leadership in establishing, successfully developing, and continuing a cooperative organization involving academia, government, and industry...

     (2004) – For providing leadership in establishing, successfully developing, and continuing a cooperative organization involving academia
    Academia
    Academia is the community of students and scholars engaged in higher education and research.-Etymology:The word comes from the akademeia in ancient Greece. Outside the city walls of Athens, the gymnasium was made famous by Plato as a center of learning...

    , government, and industry.

IFT divisions

These are divisions of interest by the IFT Members
  • Aquatic Food Products – seafood
  • Biotechnology
    Biotechnology
    Biotechnology is a field of applied biology that involves the use of living organisms and bioprocesses in engineering, technology, medicine and other fields requiring bioproducts. Biotechnology also utilizes these products for manufacturing purpose...

  • Carbohydrate
    Carbohydrate
    A carbohydrate is an organic compound with the empirical formula ; that is, consists only of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, with a hydrogen:oxygen atom ratio of 2:1 . However, there are exceptions to this. One common example would be deoxyribose, a component of DNA, which has the empirical...

  • Citrus
    Citrus
    Citrus is a common term and genus of flowering plants in the rue family, Rutaceae. Citrus is believed to have originated in the part of Southeast Asia bordered by Northeastern India, Myanmar and the Yunnan province of China...

     products
  • Dairy Foods – dairy products
  • Education
  • Extension and outreach
  • Fermented Food and Beverage – fermented
    Fermentation (food)
    Fermentation in food processing typically is the conversion of carbohydrates to alcohols and carbon dioxide or organic acids using yeasts, bacteria, or a combination thereof, under anaerobic conditions. Fermentation in simple terms is the chemical conversion of sugars into ethanol...

     foods (cheese, meat, and alcohol)
  • Food chemistry
    Food chemistry
    Food chemistry is the study of chemical processes and interactions of all biological and non-biological components of foods. The biological substances include such items as meat, poultry, lettuce, beer, and milk as examples...

  • Food engineering
    Food engineering
    Food engineering is a multidisciplinary field of applied physical sciences which combines science, microbiology, and engineering education for food and related industries. Food engineering includes, but is not limited to, the application of agricultural engineering, mechanical engineering and...

  • Food Law
    Food politics
    Food politics are the political aspects of the production, control, regulation, inspection and distribution of food. The politics can be affected by the ethical, cultural, medical and environmental disputes concerning proper farming, agricultural and retailing methods and...

     and regulations – legal aspects in food processing and technology.
  • Food microbiology
    Food microbiology
    Food microbiology is the study of the microorganisms that inhabit, create, or contaminate food. Of major importance is the study of microorganisms causing food spoilage. "Good" bacteria, however, such as probiotics, are becoming increasingly important in food science...

  • Food packaging
    Food packaging
    Food packaging is packaging for food. It requires protection, tampering resistance, and special physical, chemical, or biological needs. It also shows the product that is labeled to show any nutrition information on the food being consumed....

  • Foodservice
    Foodservice
    Food Service or catering industry defines those businesses, institutions, and companies responsible for any meal prepared outside the home...

     – restaurants.
  • Fruits & Vegetables
  • IFT Student Association
  • International
  • Marketing & Management
  • Muscle Foods – meat, poultry, and seafood
  • Nonthemal Processing – food processing
    Food processing
    Food processing is the set of methods and techniques used to transform raw ingredients into food or to transform food into other forms for consumption by humans or animals either in the home or by the food processing industry...

     through non-heating methods.
  • Nutraceuticals & Functional Foods – Combining nutrition and medicine for healthy living
  • Nutrition
  • Product development – Developing foods from the laboratory to the general public.
  • Quality Assurance
    Quality Assurance
    Quality assurance, or QA for short, is the systematic monitoring and evaluation of the various aspects of a project, service or facility to maximize the probability that minimum standards of quality are being attained by the production process...

     – food quality
    Food quality
    Food quality is the quality characteristics of food that is acceptable to consumers. This includes external factors as appearance , texture, and flavour; factors such as federal grade standards and internal .Food quality in the United States is enforced by the Food Safety Act 1990...

  • Refrigerated and Frozen Foods – foods that are processed through refrigeration
    Refrigeration
    Refrigeration is a process in which work is done to move heat from one location to another. This work is traditionally done by mechanical work, but can also be done by magnetism, laser or other means...

     and freezing
    Freezing
    Freezing or solidification is a phase change in which a liquid turns into a solid when its temperature is lowered below its freezing point. The reverse process is melting....

    .
  • Religious and Ethnic Foods – Kosher, Halal
    Halal
    Halal is a term designating any object or an action which is permissible to use or engage in, according to Islamic law. The term is used to designate food seen as permissible according to Islamic law...

    , and non-traditional foods.
  • Sensory evaluation
  • Toxicology
    Toxicology
    Toxicology is a branch of biology, chemistry, and medicine concerned with the study of the adverse effects of chemicals on living organisms...

     and Safety Evaluation – food allergy
    Food allergy
    A food allergy is an adverse immune response to a food protein. They are distinct from other adverse responses to food, such as food intolerance, pharmacological reactions, and toxin-mediated reactions....

     mainly.

IFT sections

These are usually cities, states, and regions. If a region is mentioned, a city in that region is mentioned which include areas surrounded by the city.
  • AK-SAR-BEN – Nebraska
    Nebraska
    Nebraska is a state on the Great Plains of the Midwestern United States. The state's capital is Lincoln and its largest city is Omaha, on the Missouri River....

  • Alamo – San Antonio, Texas
  • Bluegrass – Kentucky
    Kentucky
    The Commonwealth of Kentucky is a state located in the East Central United States of America. As classified by the United States Census Bureau, Kentucky is a Southern state, more specifically in the East South Central region. Kentucky is one of four U.S. states constituted as a commonwealth...

  • Bonneville – Utah
    Utah
    Utah is a state in the Western United States. It was the 45th state to join the Union, on January 4, 1896. Approximately 80% of Utah's 2,763,885 people live along the Wasatch Front, centering on Salt Lake City. This leaves vast expanses of the state nearly uninhabited, making the population the...

  • British – Great Britain
  • British Columbia
    British Columbia
    British Columbia is the westernmost of Canada's provinces and is known for its natural beauty, as reflected in its Latin motto, Splendor sine occasu . Its name was chosen by Queen Victoria in 1858...

     – Canadian province
  • Cactus – Arizona
    Arizona
    Arizona ; is a state located in the southwestern region of the United States. It is also part of the western United States and the mountain west. The capital and largest city is Phoenix...

  • Central New Jersey
    New Jersey
    New Jersey is a state in the Northeastern and Middle Atlantic regions of the United States. , its population was 8,791,894. It is bordered on the north and east by the state of New York, on the southeast and south by the Atlantic Ocean, on the west by Pennsylvania and on the southwest by Delaware...

     – subsection of New York Section
  • Central Valley – subsection of Northern California section
  • Chicago
  • Dogwood – North Carolina
    North Carolina
    North Carolina is a state located in the southeastern United States. The state borders South Carolina and Georgia to the south, Tennessee to the west and Virginia to the north. North Carolina contains 100 counties. Its capital is Raleigh, and its largest city is Charlotte...

  • Florida
  • Great Lakes – Michigan
    Michigan
    Michigan is a U.S. state located in the Great Lakes Region of the United States of America. The name Michigan is the French form of the Ojibwa word mishigamaa, meaning "large water" or "large lake"....

  • Great Plains – South Dakota
    South Dakota
    South Dakota is a state located in the Midwestern region of the United States. It is named after the Lakota and Dakota Sioux American Indian tribes. Once a part of Dakota Territory, South Dakota became a state on November 2, 1889. The state has an area of and an estimated population of just over...

    , subsection of Minnesota section
  • Hawaii
  • Indiana
    Indiana
    Indiana is a US state, admitted to the United States as the 19th on December 11, 1816. It is located in the Midwestern United States and Great Lakes Region. With 6,483,802 residents, the state is ranked 15th in population and 16th in population density. Indiana is ranked 38th in land area and is...

  • Intermountain – Idaho
    Idaho
    Idaho is a state in the Rocky Mountain area of the United States. The state's largest city and capital is Boise. Residents are called "Idahoans". Idaho was admitted to the Union on July 3, 1890, as the 43rd state....

  • Iowa
    Iowa
    Iowa is a state located in the Midwestern United States, an area often referred to as the "American Heartland". It derives its name from the Ioway people, one of the many American Indian tribes that occupied the state at the time of European exploration. Iowa was a part of the French colony of New...

  • Japan
  • Kansas City – Kansas
    Kansas
    Kansas is a US state located in the Midwestern United States. It is named after the Kansas River which flows through it, which in turn was named after the Kansa Native American tribe, which inhabited the area. The tribe's name is often said to mean "people of the wind" or "people of the south...

     and western Missouri
    Missouri
    Missouri is a US state located in the Midwestern United States, bordered by Iowa, Illinois, Kentucky, Tennessee, Arkansas, Oklahoma, Kansas and Nebraska. With a 2010 population of 5,988,927, Missouri is the 18th most populous state in the nation and the fifth most populous in the Midwest. It...

  • Keystone – Harrisburg, Pennsylvania
    Harrisburg, Pennsylvania
    Harrisburg is the capital of Pennsylvania. As of the 2010 census, the city had a population of 49,528, making it the ninth largest city in Pennsylvania...

  • Lake Erie – Cleveland, Ohio
  • Long Island – Brooklyn and Queens
    Queens
    Queens is the easternmost of the five boroughs of New York City. The largest borough in area and the second-largest in population, it is coextensive with Queens County, an administrative division of New York state, in the United States....

    , New York
  • Longhorn – Dallas, Texas
  • Louisiana
    Louisiana
    Louisiana is a state located in the southern region of the United States of America. Its capital is Baton Rouge and largest city is New Orleans. Louisiana is the only state in the U.S. with political subdivisions termed parishes, which are local governments equivalent to counties...

     Gulf Coast – New Orleans, Louisiana
  • Magnolia – Mississippi
    Mississippi
    Mississippi is a U.S. state located in the Southern United States. Jackson is the state capital and largest city. The name of the state derives from the Mississippi River, which flows along its western boundary, whose name comes from the Ojibwe word misi-ziibi...

  • Maryland
    Maryland
    Maryland is a U.S. state located in the Mid Atlantic region of the United States, bordering Virginia, West Virginia, and the District of Columbia to its south and west; Pennsylvania to its north; and Delaware to its east...

     – includes Delaware
    Delaware
    Delaware is a U.S. state located on the Atlantic Coast in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States. It is bordered to the south and west by Maryland, and to the north by Pennsylvania...

     and West Virginia
    West Virginia
    West Virginia is a state in the Appalachian and Southeastern regions of the United States, bordered by Virginia to the southeast, Kentucky to the southwest, Ohio to the northwest, Pennsylvania to the northeast and Maryland to the east...

  • Mexico
  • Mid-South – Memphis, Tennessee
    Memphis, Tennessee
    Memphis is a city in the southwestern corner of the U.S. state of Tennessee, and the county seat of Shelby County. The city is located on the 4th Chickasaw Bluff, south of the confluence of the Wolf and Mississippi rivers....

     and eastern Arkansas
    Arkansas
    Arkansas is a state located in the southern region of the United States. Its name is an Algonquian name of the Quapaw Indians. Arkansas shares borders with six states , and its eastern border is largely defined by the Mississippi River...

  • Minnesota
    Minnesota
    Minnesota is a U.S. state located in the Midwestern United States. The twelfth largest state of the U.S., it is the twenty-first most populous, with 5.3 million residents. Minnesota was carved out of the eastern half of the Minnesota Territory and admitted to the Union as the thirty-second state...

  • Monterey Bay – subsection of Northern California section
  • New York – New York City boroughs of Manhattan
    Manhattan
    Manhattan is the oldest and the most densely populated of the five boroughs of New York City. Located primarily on the island of Manhattan at the mouth of the Hudson River, the boundaries of the borough are identical to those of New York County, an original county of the state of New York...

    , Staten Island
    Staten Island
    Staten Island is a borough of New York City, New York, United States, located in the southwest part of the city. Staten Island is separated from New Jersey by the Arthur Kill and the Kill Van Kull, and from the rest of New York by New York Bay...

    , and Bronx, and parts of northern New Jersey
    New Jersey
    New Jersey is a state in the Northeastern and Middle Atlantic regions of the United States. , its population was 8,791,894. It is bordered on the north and east by the state of New York, on the southeast and south by the Atlantic Ocean, on the west by Pennsylvania and on the southwest by Delaware...

    .
  • Northeast – Maine
    Maine
    Maine is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States, bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the east and south, New Hampshire to the west, and the Canadian provinces of Quebec to the northwest and New Brunswick to the northeast. Maine is both the northernmost and easternmost...

    , Massachusetts
    Massachusetts
    The Commonwealth of Massachusetts is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States of America. It is bordered by Rhode Island and Connecticut to the south, New York to the west, and Vermont and New Hampshire to the north; at its east lies the Atlantic Ocean. As of the 2010...

    , New Hampshire
    New Hampshire
    New Hampshire is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States of America. The state was named after the southern English county of Hampshire. It is bordered by Massachusetts to the south, Vermont to the west, Maine and the Atlantic Ocean to the east, and the Canadian...

    , Rhode Island
    Rhode Island
    The state of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, more commonly referred to as Rhode Island , is a state in the New England region of the United States. It is the smallest U.S. state by area...

    , and Vermont
    Vermont
    Vermont is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States of America. The state ranks 43rd in land area, , and 45th in total area. Its population according to the 2010 census, 630,337, is the second smallest in the country, larger only than Wyoming. It is the only New England...

  • Northern California – San Francisco, Sacramento, Bakersfield
  • Northwest Ohio
    Ohio
    Ohio is a Midwestern state in the United States. The 34th largest state by area in the U.S.,it is the 7th‑most populous with over 11.5 million residents, containing several major American cities and seven metropolitan areas with populations of 500,000 or more.The state's capital is Columbus...

     – Toledo, Ohio
    Toledo, Ohio
    Toledo is the fourth most populous city in the U.S. state of Ohio and is the county seat of Lucas County. Toledo is in northwest Ohio, on the western end of Lake Erie, and borders the State of Michigan...

  • Nutmeg – Connecticut
    Connecticut
    Connecticut is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States. It is bordered by Rhode Island to the east, Massachusetts to the north, and the state of New York to the west and the south .Connecticut is named for the Connecticut River, the major U.S. river that approximately...

  • Ohio Valley – Cincinnati and Columbus, Ohio
    Columbus, Ohio
    Columbus is the capital of and the largest city in the U.S. state of Ohio. The broader metropolitan area encompasses several counties and is the third largest in Ohio behind those of Cleveland and Cincinnati. Columbus is the third largest city in the American Midwest, and the fifteenth largest city...

  • Oklahoma
    Oklahoma
    Oklahoma is a state located in the South Central region of the United States of America. With an estimated 3,751,351 residents as of the 2010 census and a land area of 68,667 square miles , Oklahoma is the 28th most populous and 20th-largest state...

  • Oregon
    Oregon
    Oregon is a state in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States. It is located on the Pacific coast, with Washington to the north, California to the south, Nevada on the southeast and Idaho to the east. The Columbia and Snake rivers delineate much of Oregon's northern and eastern...

  • Ozark – Western Arkansas and southwest Missouri
  • Philadelphia – Includes eastern Pennsylvania
  • Pittsburgh – Includes western Pennsylvania
  • Puget Sound – Seattle, Washington and Alaska
    Alaska
    Alaska is the largest state in the United States by area. It is situated in the northwest extremity of the North American continent, with Canada to the east, the Arctic Ocean to the north, and the Pacific Ocean to the west and south, with Russia further west across the Bering Strait...

  • Rocky Mountain – Colorado
    Colorado
    Colorado is a U.S. state that encompasses much of the Rocky Mountains as well as the northeastern portion of the Colorado Plateau and the western edge of the Great Plains...

     and University of Wyoming
    University of Wyoming
    The University of Wyoming is a land-grant university located in Laramie, Wyoming, situated on Wyoming's high Laramie Plains, at an elevation of 7,200 feet , between the Laramie and Snowy Range mountains. It is known as UW to people close to the university...

  • San Joaquin Valley – subsection of Northern California section
  • Southeastern – Alabama
    Alabama
    Alabama is a state located in the southeastern region of the United States. It is bordered by Tennessee to the north, Georgia to the east, Florida and the Gulf of Mexico to the south, and Mississippi to the west. Alabama ranks 30th in total land area and ranks second in the size of its inland...

    , Georgia
    Georgia (U.S. state)
    Georgia is a state located in the southeastern United States. It was established in 1732, the last of the original Thirteen Colonies. The state is named after King George II of Great Britain. Georgia was the fourth state to ratify the United States Constitution, on January 2, 1788...

    , and South Carolina
    South Carolina
    South Carolina is a state in the Deep South of the United States that borders Georgia to the south, North Carolina to the north, and the Atlantic Ocean to the east. Originally part of the Province of Carolina, the Province of South Carolina was one of the 13 colonies that declared independence...

     (Dixie: 1950–2007)
  • South Florida – Miami, Florida
  • Southern California – Los Angeles and San Diego
  • St. Louis
    St. Louis, Missouri
    St. Louis is an independent city on the eastern border of Missouri, United States. With a population of 319,294, it was the 58th-largest U.S. city at the 2010 U.S. Census. The Greater St...

     – includes southern Illinois
    Illinois
    Illinois is the fifth-most populous state of the United States of America, and is often noted for being a microcosm of the entire country. With Chicago in the northeast, small industrial cities and great agricultural productivity in central and northern Illinois, and natural resources like coal,...

     and eastern Missouri
  • Volunteer – All of Tennessee
    Tennessee
    Tennessee is a U.S. state located in the Southeastern United States. It has a population of 6,346,105, making it the nation's 17th-largest state by population, and covers , making it the 36th-largest by total land area...

     except Memphis
  • Washington, D.C. – includes Virginia
    Virginia
    The Commonwealth of Virginia , is a U.S. state on the Atlantic Coast of the Southern United States. Virginia is nicknamed the "Old Dominion" and sometimes the "Mother of Presidents" after the eight U.S. presidents born there...

  • Wisconsin
    Wisconsin
    Wisconsin is a U.S. state located in the north-central United States and is part of the Midwest. It is bordered by Minnesota to the west, Iowa to the southwest, Illinois to the south, Lake Michigan to the east, Michigan to the northeast, and Lake Superior to the north. Wisconsin's capital is...


IFT executive vice presidents

Between IFT's founding in 1939 and 1949, the institute had elected a secretary and treasurer that kept up with the daily operations of the institute. By 1949, the membership had reached 3,000 and it was decided to create an Executive Secretary position and establish a permanent location for IFT. Since then, the position's name has changed twice to it current name. There have been five Executive Vice Presidents shown below:
  • Charles S. Lawrence
    Charles S. Lawrence
    Charles S. Lawrence was a United States Army colonel who would survive the Bataan Death March to later become the first Executive Vice President of the Institute of Food Technologists .-Early life and career:...

    : 1949–61
  • Calvert L. Willey
    Calvert L. Willey
    Calvert L. Willey was the second Executive Vice President of the Institute of Food Technologists, serving in that manner from 1961 until his 1987 retirement.-Early career:...

    : 1961–87
  • Howard W. Mattson
    Howard W. Mattson
    Howard W. Mattson was the third Executive Vice President of the Institute of Food Technologists , serving in that capacity from 1987 until his 1991 retirement...

    : 1987–91
  • Daniel E. Weber
    Daniel E. Weber
    Daniel E. Weber was the fourth Executive Vice President of the Institute of Food Technologists , serving in that manner from 1991 until his 2003 retirement.-Early career:...

    : 1991–2003
  • Barbara Byrd Keenan
    Barbara Byrd Keenan
    Barbara Byrd Keenan is the fifth and current Executive Vice President of the Institute of Food Technologists , a position she has held since 2003...

    : 2003–present

IFT member grades

There are four member grades within the Institute:
  • Student member – A full-time student working on an Associate of Science degree or higher in food science, food technology, or a related field. All applications must be endorsed by a faculty member.
  • Member – A person active in the food industry who shows interest in supporting the Institute's objective.
  • Professional Member – An IFT member who has five years of experience within food science or technology whether it is academic, government, or industrial. A member with a Master of Science
    Master of Science
    A Master of Science is a postgraduate academic master's degree awarded by universities in many countries. The degree is typically studied for in the sciences including the social sciences.-Brazil, Argentina and Uruguay:...

     degree can earn one year of membership while member with a Doctorate of Philosophy degree can earn three years of membership to assist in qualification.
  • Emeritus Member – Any retired Member or Professional Member who has been an IFT Member for a minimum of twenty years.

IFT publications

The Institute also has many publications that are both in print and online that are shown below:
  • Food Technology
    Food Technology (magazine)
    Food Technology is a monthly food science and technology magazine published by the Institute of Food Technologists in Chicago, Illinois. The magazine addresses current issues related to food science and technology, including research, education, food engineering, food packaging, nutraceuticals,...

    (1947) – IFT's monthly magazine available to all members. Besides the monthly columns dealing with food processing
    Food processing
    Food processing is the set of methods and techniques used to transform raw ingredients into food or to transform food into other forms for consumption by humans or animals either in the home or by the food processing industry...

    , food packaging
    Food packaging
    Food packaging is packaging for food. It requires protection, tampering resistance, and special physical, chemical, or biological needs. It also shows the product that is labeled to show any nutrition information on the food being consumed....

    , ingredients, laboratory, nutraceuticals, and consumer trends, it also focuses on in-depth issues such as biotechnology
    Biotechnology
    Biotechnology is a field of applied biology that involves the use of living organisms and bioprocesses in engineering, technology, medicine and other fields requiring bioproducts. Biotechnology also utilizes these products for manufacturing purpose...

    , food safety
    Food safety
    Food safety is a scientific discipline describing handling, preparation, and storage of food in ways that prevent foodborne illness. This includes a number of routines that should be followed to avoid potentially severe health hazards....

    , and nutrition.
  • Journal of Food Science
    Journal of Food Science
    The Journal of Food Science is a peer-reviewed scientific journal that was established in 1936 and is published by John Wiley & Sons on behalf of the Institute of Food Technologists in Chicago, Illinois...

    or JFS (Founded in 1936 as Food Research) – IFT's premier scientific journal
    Scientific journal
    In academic publishing, a scientific journal is a periodical publication intended to further the progress of science, usually by reporting new research. There are thousands of scientific journals in publication, and many more have been published at various points in the past...

     dealing with all peer-reviewed aspects of food science
    Food science
    Food science is a study concerned with all technical aspects of foods, beginning with harvesting or slaughtering, and ending with its cooking and consumption, an ideology commonly referred to as "from field to fork"...

     (food chemistry
    Food chemistry
    Food chemistry is the study of chemical processes and interactions of all biological and non-biological components of foods. The biological substances include such items as meat, poultry, lettuce, beer, and milk as examples...

    , food microbiology
    Food microbiology
    Food microbiology is the study of the microorganisms that inhabit, create, or contaminate food. Of major importance is the study of microorganisms causing food spoilage. "Good" bacteria, however, such as probiotics, are becoming increasingly important in food science...

    , food engineering
    Food engineering
    Food engineering is a multidisciplinary field of applied physical sciences which combines science, microbiology, and engineering education for food and related industries. Food engineering includes, but is not limited to, the application of agricultural engineering, mechanical engineering and...

    , food processing, food packaging, nutrition, and sensory evaluation. It annually publishes over 500 papers and 3000 pages with authors from 90 countries and readers from 50 countries internationally. The Library of Congress
    Library of Congress
    The Library of Congress is the research library of the United States Congress, de facto national library of the United States, and the oldest federal cultural institution in the United States. Located in three buildings in Washington, D.C., it is the largest library in the world by shelf space and...

     in 2004 put JFS as one of only 300 journals as a high priority ... (ISSN).


Both Food Technology and the Journal of Food Science can be accessed in print or online. Other publications are shown below:
  • The Journal of Food Science Education
    The Journal of Food Science Education
    The Journal of Food Science Education is an online peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the Institute of Food Technologists . It was established in 2002 as the first scientific electronic journal of the Institute that is published online only. Its main focus is the education methods...

    or JSFE (2002 – Online only) – This journal deals with innovations, techniques, and methods to improve education in food science and technology.
  • Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety
    Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety
    Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety is an online peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the Institute of Food Technologists that was established in 2002. Its main focus is food science and food safety...

    (2002 – Online only) – This journal, published online on a quarterly basis, deals with a broad review of a narrowly defined topic relating to food science and technology, including physiology
    Physiology
    Physiology is the science of the function of living systems. This includes how organisms, organ systems, organs, cells, and bio-molecules carry out the chemical or physical functions that exist in a living system. The highest honor awarded in physiology is the Nobel Prize in Physiology or...

    , economics, history, nutrition, microbiology, engineering, processing, and genetics
    Genetics
    Genetics , a discipline of biology, is the science of genes, heredity, and variation in living organisms....

    . All aspects of these reviews are studied, including strengths, weaknesses, and research differences in order to present insightful investigation, including interpretation, summary, and conclusion.
  • IFT Weekly Newsletter – A weekly e-mail newsletter sent out every Wednesday about issues within food industry, including food companies, food research, food regulations, and IFT itself.
  • Nutraceutical Newsletter – An e-mail newsletter similar to the IFT Weekly Newsletter though it deals specifically with nutraceuticals.
  • IFT Books – The Institute has four book publishers that offer membership discounts, including IFT Press (a partnership with Blackwell Publishing
    Blackwell Publishing
    Wiley-Blackwell is the international scientific, technical, medical, and scholarly publishing business of John Wiley & Sons. It was formed by the merger of John Wiley's Global Scientific, Technical, and Medical business with Blackwell Publishing, after Wiley took over Blackwell Publishing in...

    ), Grey House Publishing, Marcel Dekker
    Marcel Dekker
    Marcel Dekker was a well-known journal and encyclopedia publishing company with editorial boards found in New York, New York. Dekker encyclopedias are now published by CRC Press, part of the Taylor and Francis publishing group....

    , and John Wiley & Sons, Inc., on food science and technology.
  • Annual Meeting Abstracts – These are abstracts from the IFT Annual Meeting and Food Expo that can be accessed online or purchased in print.
  • Three annual buyers guides are also published: Food Technology Buyer's Guide, Nutraceutical Buyer's Guide, and Annual Guide to Food Industry Services. These are usually published as a supplement to Food Technology magazine.

External links

The source of this article is wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.  The text of this article is licensed under the GFDL.
 
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