List of apple cultivars
Encyclopedia
Over 7,500 cultivar
s of the apple
are known. The following is a list of the more common and important cultivars, with the year and place of origin (where documented), and whether the apples each produces are for cooking
, for eating, or for making cider
.
s may be far too sour or bitter for fresh eating, but are used for making cider
. Some apples (especially older ones from the U.S. and Canada) are used for both cider and eating purposes.
Selection of rootstock
cultivars can be difficult: vigorous roots tend to give trees that are healthy but grow too tall to be harvested easily without careful pruning, while dwarfing
rootstocks result in small trees that are easy to harvest from, but are often shorter-lived and sometimes less healthy. Most modern commercial orchard
s use one of the "Malling series
" (aka 'M' series), introduced or developed by the East Malling Research Station
from the early 20th century onward. However, a great deal of work has been done recently introducing new rootstocks in Poland, the U.S. (Geneva), and other nations. The Polish rootstocks are often used where cold hardiness in needed. The Geneva series of rootstocks has been developed to resist important diseases such as fireblight and collar rot, as well as for high fruit productivity.
Cultivar
A cultivar'Cultivar has two meanings as explained under Formal definition. When used in reference to a taxon, the word does not apply to an individual plant but to all those plants sharing the unique characteristics that define the cultivar. is a plant or group of plants selected for desirable...
s of the apple
Apple
The apple is the pomaceous fruit of the apple tree, species Malus domestica in the rose family . It is one of the most widely cultivated tree fruits, and the most widely known of the many members of genus Malus that are used by humans. Apple grow on small, deciduous trees that blossom in the spring...
are known. The following is a list of the more common and important cultivars, with the year and place of origin (where documented), and whether the apples each produces are for cooking
Cooking apple
A cooking apple is an apple that is used primarily for cooking rather than eating fresh. Cooking apples are larger, and can be tarter than eating varieties. Some varieties have a firm flesh that doesn't break down much when cooked...
, for eating, or for making cider
Cider
Cider or cyder is a fermented alcoholic beverage made from apple juice. Cider varies in alcohol content from 2% abv to 8.5% abv or more in traditional English ciders. In some regions, such as Germany and America, cider may be termed "apple wine"...
.
Table apples
| Commom name | Origin | First developed | Comment | Use |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adams Pearmain Adams Pearmain Adams Pearmain is a cultivar of apple. It is a dessert apple, with a similar flavour to the Russet. It was introduced to England in 1826 by Robert Adam, under the name Norfolk Pippin.-See also:* Pearmain*... |
England England England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental... , United Kingdom United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages... |
1826 | A dessert apple. Similar flavour to Russet, first introduced under the name "Norfolk Pippin". | Eating |
| Aia Ilu | Estonia Estonia Estonia , officially the Republic of Estonia , is a state in the Baltic region of Northern Europe. It is bordered to the north by the Gulf of Finland, to the west by the Baltic Sea, to the south by Latvia , and to the east by Lake Peipsi and the Russian Federation . Across the Baltic Sea lies... |
1946 | Apple is large in size, weighing 250–300 g or almost a cow breast. Is yellow, juicy and bittersweet with a weak aroma. | Eating |
| Akane | Japan Japan Japan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south... |
1970 | Jonathan Jonathan (apple) The Jonathan apple is a medium-sized sweet apple, with a strong touch of acid and a tough but smooth skin. It is closely related to the Esopus Spitzenburg apple.-History:There are two alternative theories about the origin of the Jonathan apple.... × Worcester Pearmain. Tangy taste. |
Eating |
| Åkerö | Sweden Sweden Sweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden borders with Norway and Finland and is connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund.... |
15th c. (approx.) | Apple is egg-shaped, medium to large in size, sweet and aromatic. Best in November, keeps well till February. Oldest cultivar in Northern Europe, grown mostly in Sweden and Estonia. | Eating |
| Alkmene | Germany Germany Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate... , Europa |
1930 | Cox's Orange Pippin × Doktor Oldenburg | Eating |
| Allington Pippin | ||||
| Ambrosia Ambrosia (apple) Ambrosia is a relatively new cultivar of apple originating in British Columbia in the early 1990s. It is medium to large in size and has mostly red colouration, with yellow patches. It has cream-coloured, firm meat with a sweet, crisp, aromatic flavour reminiscent of pear and low acidity. Ambrosia... |
British Columbia British Columbia British Columbia is the westernmost of Canada's provinces and is known for its natural beauty, as reflected in its Latin motto, Splendor sine occasu . Its name was chosen by Queen Victoria in 1858... , Canada Canada Canada is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and northward into the Arctic Ocean... |
1980s | Medium to large in size, mostly red coloration with yellow patches. Has cream-coloured flesh with a sweet, crisp, aromatic flavour and low acidity. Ambrosia trees are hardy and no major disadvantages have yet been identified. | Eating |
| Anna | Israel Israel The State of Israel is a parliamentary republic located in the Middle East, along the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea... |
1965 | Colour is yellow with a red blush. This variety does not grow well in the cold and prefers heat and humidity. | Eating |
| Annurca | Campania Campania Campania is a region in southern Italy. The region has a population of around 5.8 million people, making it the second-most-populous region of Italy; its total area of 13,590 km² makes it the most densely populated region in the country... , Italy Italy Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and... |
1876 (documented) | Very old apple; possibly one of the oldest of all. Believed to be older than first mention in Pasquale's Manuale di Arboricultura, 1876. Believed to be the apple depicted in frescoes at ruins of Herculaneum and mentioned in Pliny the Elder's Naturalis Historia. | Eating |
| Antonovka Antonovka (apple) Antonovka or Antonówka is a group of late-fall or early-winter apple cultivars with a strong acid flavor that have been popular in Russia as well as in Poland. The most popular Russian variety is Common Antonovka , from which other cultivars are derived... |
Russia Russia Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects... |
Extremely tolerant of cold weather. Hardy. Very old Russian variety and often planted at dachas. | Cooking | |
| Ariane | Angers Angers Angers is the main city in the Maine-et-Loire department in western France about south-west of Paris. Angers is located in the French region known by its pre-revolutionary, provincial name, Anjou, and its inhabitants are called Angevins.... , France |
2002 | Scab resistant. Developed at the National Institute of Agricultural Research in France. | Eating |
| Arkansas Black Arkansas Black (apple) The Arkansas Black is an apple cultivar, thought to have been developed in the mid-19th Century in Arkansas.Arkansas Black apples are generally medium sized with a somewhat flattened shape. Generally a very dark red on the tree, occasionally with a slight green blush where hidden from the sun, the... |
Arkansas Arkansas Arkansas is a state located in the southern region of the United States. Its name is an Algonquian name of the Quapaw Indians. Arkansas shares borders with six states , and its eastern border is largely defined by the Mississippi River... , United States United States The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district... |
1870 (apx.) | Hard and crunchy; stores well. Very deep red, appearing black from a distance. | Eating |
| Ashmead's Kernel Ashmead's Kernel (apple) - Origin :Ashmead's Kernel is often reported as having been raised by Dr Ashmead in Gloucester, England in the 18th century. However Christine Leighton of the Gloucestershire Orchard Group suggests he may have been William Ashmead. a lawyer who died in 1782.... |
England England England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental... , United Kingdom United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages... |
1700 (apx.) | Small, very sweet and very tart. | Eating |
| Aurora Golden Gala Aurora Golden Gala (apple) Aurora Golden Gala is a cultivar of apple selected from a cross between the apples Splendour and 'Gala' made at the Pacific Agri-Food Research Centre , Summerland, BC. It was named in 2003 in a nationwide "Name the Apple" contest.-Description:... |
British Columbia British Columbia British Columbia is the westernmost of Canada's provinces and is known for its natural beauty, as reflected in its Latin motto, Splendor sine occasu . Its name was chosen by Queen Victoria in 1858... , Canada Canada Canada is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and northward into the Arctic Ocean... |
2003 | Dessert apple; medium size, sweet, juicy, crisp, firm, very long storage life. | Eating |
| Bailey | New York New York New York is a state in the Northeastern region of the United States. It is the nation's third most populous state. New York is bordered by New Jersey and Pennsylvania to the south, and by Connecticut, Massachusetts and Vermont to the east... , United States United States The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district... |
1840 (apx.) | Red apple with considerable white flecks. Has some russeting. | Eating |
| Baldwin Baldwin (apple) The Baldwin apple is a bright red winter apple, very good in quality, and easily shipped. It was for many years the most popular apple in New England, New York, and for export from America.-History:... |
Massachusetts Massachusetts The Commonwealth of Massachusetts is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States of America. It is bordered by Rhode Island and Connecticut to the south, New York to the west, and Vermont and New Hampshire to the north; at its east lies the Atlantic Ocean. As of the 2010... , United States United States The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district... |
1740 (apx.) | Sweet to subacid flavour. Also known as "Woodpecker". Very old variety for North America. Makes lots of juice. | Cooking, Eating |
| Beacon Beacon (apple) Beacon is a cultivar of apple created by University of Minnesota in 1936. It is a cross between Wealthy and Malinda apples. This apple is medium in size with full, deep red stripes. Its flesh is pulpy and fairly soft, with a mildy sweet flavor. This apple is good for cooking and eating .-External... |
Minnesota Minnesota Minnesota is a U.S. state located in the Midwestern United States. The twelfth largest state of the U.S., it is the twenty-first most populous, with 5.3 million residents. Minnesota was carved out of the eastern half of the Minnesota Territory and admitted to the Union as the thirty-second state... , United States United States The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district... |
1936 | Lively, juicy flavour; good for baking. Does not keep very well. | Cooking, Eating |
| Beauty of Bath | England England England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental... , United Kingdom United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages... |
1864 | Deep red flush and streaks of red with a little russet. Early maturing but short season. Formerly grown commercially in England for local markets. Good flavour in its home climate if it is eaten soon after picking. Poor flavour if distributed long distances and stored for weeks, so now rare. | Eating |
| Belle de Boskoop Belle de Boskoop (apple) The Belle de Boskoop is a variety of apple which, as its name suggests, originated in Boskoop, Holland where it began as a chance seedling in 1856.There are many variants: Boskoop red, yellow or green.... |
Boskoop Boskoop Boskoop is a town and municipality in the western Netherlands, in the province of South Holland. The municipality had a population of 15,217 in 2008, and covers an area of 16.96 km² of which 2.17 km² is water... , Netherlands Netherlands The Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders... |
1856 | Bright red, fairly large, early in season (end of August to early September). | Cooking (applesauce) |
| Ben Davis Ben Davis (apple) - Overview :During the 19th century it was a popular commercial apple due to the ruggedness and keeping qualities of the fruit, but as packing and transportation techniques improved the variety fell out of favour, replaced by varieties considered to have better flavour... |
Southeastern United States Southeastern United States The Southeastern United States, colloquially referred to as the Southeast, is the eastern portion of the Southern United States. It is one of the most populous regions in the United States of America.... |
Noted for keeping well prior to refrigerated storage, but flavour has been compared with cork. | Eating | |
| Beverly Hills | California California California is a state located on the West Coast of the United States. It is by far the most populous U.S. state, and the third-largest by land area... , United States |
1997 | Slightly tart flavour. Likes warm weather. | Eating |
| Bismarck Bismarck apple Malus domestica Bismarck apple was first cultivated in Australia in 1870. The fruit from the tree is used for cooking due to it's sharp flavour and is most commonly pureed when cooking.-History:... |
Victoria (Australia) Victoria (Australia) Victoria is the second most populous state in Australia. Geographically the smallest mainland state, Victoria is bordered by New South Wales, South Australia, and Tasmania on Boundary Islet to the north, west and south respectively.... |
1870 | Medium sized fruit with a green and red skin, sharp in flavour and not a common apple. | Cooking |
| Blenheim Orange | England England England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental... , United Kingdom United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages... |
1740 (apx.) | Has greenish-yellow to orange skin streaked with red. Distinctive nutty flavour excellent for cooking. The vigorous tree is slow to come into crop but then produces heavily. | Cooking, Eating |
| Bottle Greening | Green Mountains Green Mountains The Green Mountains are a mountain range in the U.S. state of Vermont. The range extends approximately .-Peaks:The most notable mountains in the range include:*Mount Mansfield, , the highest point in Vermont*Killington Peak, *Mount Ellen,... , United States United States The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district... |
1800 (apx.) | Produces large fruit. Has thick skin, but juicy. | Eating, Cider |
| Braeburn Braeburn The Braeburn is a cultivar of apple that is firm to the touch with a red/orange vertical streaky appearance on a yellow/green background. Its color intensity varies with different varieties. They are known to have a burst of flavor when bitten into.... |
New Zealand New Zealand New Zealand is an island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses and numerous smaller islands. The country is situated some east of Australia across the Tasman Sea, and roughly south of the Pacific island nations of New Caledonia, Fiji, and Tonga... |
1952 | Chance seedling. Dense apple, and becoming increasingly popular in the UK. | Eating |
| Bramley Bramley (apple) Malus domestica 'Bramley's Seedling' is a cultivar of apple which is usually eaten cooked due to its sourness... |
Nottinghamshire Nottinghamshire Nottinghamshire is a county in the East Midlands of England, bordering South Yorkshire to the north-west, Lincolnshire to the east, Leicestershire to the south, and Derbyshire to the west... , England England England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental... , United Kingdom United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages... |
1809 | One of the UK's most popular apples. Green coloration. Works extremely well in British puddings and apple crumbles. | Cooking |
| Breedon Pippin | England England England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental... |
1801 | Sweet flavour. Originally raised by a parson in Berkshire. Rare. | Eating |
| Brina Brina The Brina apple is an apple cultivar that was first developed in the Italy in the 1979s by open pollination PRI 2059-101 apples.Resistant to scab... |
Italy Italy Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and... |
1998 | Resistant to scab. Spreading habit with intermediate vigour; full flowering season is medium-late, production is heavy, fruit is medium or medium-large, with smooth skin; white lenticels, no russet, excellent taste characteristics. Ripens first week of October (Trentino). | Eating |
| Byfleet Seedling | England England England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental... |
|||
| Calville Blanc d'hiver Calville Blanc d'hiver The Calville Blanc d'hiver is an apple cultivar. It originated in France in the 17th century from a chance seedling.... |
France France The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France... |
1598 | Noted for unusual looks (somewhat lumpy on the side) but excellent reward when tried. Noted for having unusually high vitamin C content. Apple of choice for tarte tatin in France. | Cooking |
| Cameo Cameo (apple) The Cameo is a cultivar of apple, discovered by chance by the Caudle family in a Dryden, Washington orchard in 1987. Its parentage is uncertain; it may be a cross between a Red Delicious and a Golden Delicious, since it was found near orchards of those fruits; it also appears similar to the... |
Washington, United States United States The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district... |
1980s | Existence owed to freak accidental crossing of two most popular apples in world: Red and Golden Delicious. Retains prongs on bottom of latter parent but has flavour more resembling Golden. | Eating |
| Carolina Red June | Tennessee Tennessee Tennessee is a U.S. state located in the Southeastern United States. It has a population of 6,346,105, making it the nation's 17th-largest state by population, and covers , making it the 36th-largest by total land area... , United States United States The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district... |
1810 (apx.) | Has unusual habit of blossoming twice, and producing two crops per year. Very popular Civil-War-era Southern apple. Does beautifully in humid weather. Good choice for backyard gardener in subtropical climate. | Cooking, Eating |
| Carroll | 1947 | Ripens early. | Eating | |
| Catshead | England England England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental... , United Kingdom United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages... |
1600 (apx.) | Sharp flavour. Lumpy shape and electric green colouring. Known to have been a variety planted in early Virginia Virginia The Commonwealth of Virginia , is a U.S. state on the Atlantic Coast of the Southern United States. Virginia is nicknamed the "Old Dominion" and sometimes the "Mother of Presidents" after the eight U.S. presidents born there... by settlers as well as native England. Extremely rare in native UK; occasionally still found growing in southern US. |
Cooking |
| Charles Ross | Berkshire Berkshire Berkshire is a historic county in the South of England. It is also often referred to as the Royal County of Berkshire because of the presence of the royal residence of Windsor Castle in the county; this usage, which dates to the 19th century at least, was recognised by the Queen in 1957, and... , England England England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental... |
1890 (apx.) | Has been an AGM Award of Garden Merit The Award of Garden Merit, or AGM, is an award made to garden plants by the British Royal Horticultural Society after a period of assessment by the appropriate committees of the Society... winner. Orange to red. Best cooked early in season. Good flavour, and sweet when eaten later in season. |
Multi-purpose |
| Chelmsford Wonder Chelmsford Wonder Chelmsford Wonder is a cooking apple cultivarRaised at Chelmsford c1870 and introduced by local nurseryman William Saltmarsh in 1892. A large long keeping yellow-skinned apple with diffuse orange pink flush. . Still grown in Essex orchards.... |
Essex Essex Essex is a ceremonial and non-metropolitan county in the East region of England, and one of the home counties. It is located to the northeast of Greater London. It borders with Cambridgeshire and Suffolk to the north, Hertfordshire to the west, Kent to the South and London to the south west... , England England England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental... |
1870 (apx.) | A large long keeping yellow-skinned apple with diffuse orange pink flush. [1]. Still grown in Essex orchards including Lathcoats Farm Shop Lathcoats Farm Shop Lathcoats Farm Shop, often shortened to just "Lathcoats" is a family run farm shop, situated in Galleywood, Essex, England. It is based on Beehive Lane, where it was established in 1912 by Lawrence Taylor.-History:... . |
Multi-purpose |
| Cornish Gilliflower Cornish Gilliflower The Cornish Gilliflower is a cultivar of apple.The cultivar was found in a cottage garden in Truro, Cornwall and in 1813 was brought to the attention of the Royal Horticultural Society by Sir Christopher Hawkins, who was awarded a silver medal "for his exertions"... |
Cornwall Cornwall Cornwall is a unitary authority and ceremonial county of England, within the United Kingdom. It is bordered to the north and west by the Celtic Sea, to the south by the English Channel, and to the east by the county of Devon, over the River Tamar. Cornwall has a population of , and covers an area of... , England England England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental... |
1813 | Discovered as accidental seedling. Shy bearer. | Eating |
| Cortland Cortland (apple) Cortland is a cultivar of apple.After the many attributes of McIntosh were discovered, plant breeders began crossing it with other varieties to enhance its traits. One of the earliest was the Cortland, combined with the Ben Davis variety... |
New York New York New York is a state in the Northeastern region of the United States. It is the nation's third most populous state. New York is bordered by New Jersey and Pennsylvania to the south, and by Connecticut, Massachusetts and Vermont to the east... , United States United States The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district... |
1890s | Pale crisp flesh. Ripens in October in state of origin. Classic red coloration, nice crunch. | Eating |
| Court Pendu Plat | France France The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France... |
1613 | Extremely old variety, may date from as early as Roman Ancient Rome Ancient Rome was a thriving civilization that grew on the Italian Peninsula as early as the 8th century BC. Located along the Mediterranean Sea and centered on the city of Rome, it expanded to one of the largest empires in the ancient world.... times. Popular during the Victorian era Victorian era The Victorian era of British history was the period of Queen Victoria's reign from 20 June 1837 until her death on 22 January 1901. It was a long period of peace, prosperity, refined sensibilities and national self-confidence... . Yellow to light green, flushed with red. |
Eating |
| Cox's Orange Pippin Cox's Orange Pippin Cox's Orange Pippin is an apple cultivar first grown in 1825, at Colnbrook in Buckinghamshire, England, by the retired brewer and horticulturist Richard Cox. Though the origin of the cultivar is unknown, the Ribston Pippin seems a likely candidate. The variety was introduced for sale by the 1850s... |
United Kingdom United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages... |
1829 | Mainly grown in UK, but also grown for export in NZ. Extremely popular apple in Europe. | Eating |
| Cripps Pink Cripps Pink Cripps Pink is a variety of apple, from which apples meeting quality standards can be sold under the trade mark name Pink Lady. The Cripps Pink variety was originally bred by John Cripps at the Western Australia Department of Agriculture by crossing the Australian apple Lady Williams with a Golden... ('Pink Lady') |
Australia Australia Australia , officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area... |
1970s | Crisp, very sweet and slightly tart. Light red, pink and light yellow-green striped skin. | Cooking, Eating |
| Crispin Mutsu (apple) The apple was introduced in 1948 and is a cross between the Golden Delicious and the Indo apple varieties first grown in Japan, and named after the Mutsu Province of Japan, where it was presumably first grown.... |
Japan Japan Japan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south... |
1930 | See Mutsu | Eating |
| Criterion | New York New York New York is a state in the Northeastern region of the United States. It is the nation's third most populous state. New York is bordered by New Jersey and Pennsylvania to the south, and by Connecticut, Massachusetts and Vermont to the east... , United States United States The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district... |
1898 | One of parents believed to be Ben Davis, but very tart unlike parent. Dark red skin underlaid with stripes. | Cooking, Eating |
| D'Arcy Spice | Essex Essex Essex is a ceremonial and non-metropolitan county in the East region of England, and one of the home counties. It is located to the northeast of Greater London. It borders with Cambridgeshire and Suffolk to the north, Hertfordshire to the west, Kent to the South and London to the south west... |
1785 | ||
| Delblush | France France The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France... |
Delbard 1979 | Tentation delblush , Golden Delicious x Grifer |
Eating |
| Delcorf | France France The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France... |
Delbard 1960 | Delbarestivale delcorf, Golden Delicious × Stark Jonagrimes |
Eating |
| Delfloga | France France The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France... |
Delbard 2008 | Delbardivine delfloga, Royal Gala Tenroy Gala (apple) Gala is a clonally propagated apple with a mild and sweet flavor. Gala apples ranked at number 2 in 2006 on the US Apple Association's list of most popular apples, after Red Delicious and before Golden Delicious, Granny Smith, and Fuji .... x Florina, scab resistant |
Eating |
| Delflopion | France France The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France... |
Delbard | Eating | |
| Delrouval | France France The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France... |
Delbard 1995 | Cybèle delrouval, Delcorf × Akane |
Eating |
| Deltana | France France The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France... |
Delbard 2010 | Delbard Celeste deltana, (Golden Delicious × Grive Rouge) × Florina, scab resistant |
Eating |
| Devonshire Quarreden | England England England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental... , United Kingdom United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages... (France France The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France... ?) |
1685 (documented) | Possible French parentage or ancestry. Crimson red peel. Juicy. | Eating |
| Discovery Discovery (apple) Discovery is a dessert apple cultivar.Worcester Pearmain, with possible Beauty of Bath cross.With Worcester Pearmain as one of its parents, the fruits are typically similar in appearance to it, being small-medium in size, with small patches of yellow and largely flushed with crimson, sometimes... |
Essex Essex Essex is a ceremonial and non-metropolitan county in the East region of England, and one of the home counties. It is located to the northeast of Greater London. It borders with Cambridgeshire and Suffolk to the north, Hertfordshire to the west, Kent to the South and London to the south west... , England England England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental... , United Kingdom United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages... |
1949 | Possibly from an open-pollinated Worcester Pearmain, or could well be a Worcester × Beauty of Bath. Sharp flavour. | Eating |
| Dorsett Golden | Bahamas | 1964 | Grown from chance seedling of Golden Delicious. One of the most southerly apples grown in North America. | Eating |
| Duchess of Oldenburg | Russia Russia Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects... |
18th c. | Has red stripes with splashes of green. Excellent resistance to freezing temperatures. | Cooking, Eating |
| Egle | Lithuania | Eating | ||
| Early Victoria | Essex Essex Essex is a ceremonial and non-metropolitan county in the East region of England, and one of the home counties. It is located to the northeast of Greater London. It borders with Cambridgeshire and Suffolk to the north, Hertfordshire to the west, Kent to the South and London to the south west... England England England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental... , United Kingdom United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages... |
1899 (introduced) | Possibly from Lord Grosvenor × Keswick Cod. Also called Emmeth Early. Ripens in late July. Pale yellow fruit. | Eating |
| Edward VII | England England England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental... United Kingdom United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages... |
1908 (introduced) | Possibly Blenheim Orange × Golden Noble. Ripens in autumn and will keep until Easter. | Cooking |
| Egremont Russet Egremont Russet The Egremont Russet is a cultivar of dessert apple, of the russet type. It has a rich, nutty flavour and crisp, firm and fairly juicy flesh.It was first recorded in 1872, and is believed to have been raised by the Earl of Egremont at Petworth in Sussex, UK.... |
Sussex Sussex Sussex , from the Old English Sūþsēaxe , is an historic county in South East England corresponding roughly in area to the ancient Kingdom of Sussex. It is bounded on the north by Surrey, east by Kent, south by the English Channel, and west by Hampshire, and is divided for local government into West... , England England England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental... |
1872 | Brown russeting, excellent keeper. | Eating |
| Ein Shemer | Israel Israel The State of Israel is a parliamentary republic located in the Middle East, along the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea... |
1963 | Zabidani (local var.) × Golden Delicious. This variety ripens in June. Tastes tart, does not do well in cold weather. | Eating |
| Ellison's Orange | Lincolnshire Lincolnshire Lincolnshire is a county in the east of England. It borders Norfolk to the south east, Cambridgeshire to the south, Rutland to the south west, Leicestershire and Nottinghamshire to the west, South Yorkshire to the north west, and the East Riding of Yorkshire to the north. It also borders... , England England England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental... , United Kingdom United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages... |
1911 | Cox's Orange Pippin × Calville Blanc. | Eating |
| Elstar Elstar The Elstar apple is an apple cultivar that was first developed in the Netherlands in the 1950s by crossing Golden Delicious and Ingrid Marie apples. It quickly became popular, especially in Europe and was first introduced to America in 1972... |
Netherlands Netherlands The Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders... |
1950s | Golden Delicious × Ingrid Marie Ingrid Marie Ingrid Marie is a traditional apple.It was cultivated by accident around 1910 on the premises of a school in Høed on the island of Funen in Denmark... . Medium-sized, mostly red with yellow showing. Often used in desserts due to its sweet flavour. |
Cooking, Eating |
| Empire Empire (apple) Empire is the name of a clonally-propagated cultivar of apple derived from a seed grown in 1945 by Lester C. Anderson, a Cornell University fruit nutritionist who conducted open pollination research on his various orchards.In 1945, under the direction of A. J... |
New York New York New York is a state in the Northeastern region of the United States. It is the nation's third most populous state. New York is bordered by New Jersey and Pennsylvania to the south, and by Connecticut, Massachusetts and Vermont to the east... , United States United States The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district... |
1966 | Lovely white subacid flesh. Tangy taste. Ruby red colour. | Eating |
| Enterprise | Illinois Illinois Illinois is the fifth-most populous state of the United States of America, and is often noted for being a microcosm of the entire country. With Chicago in the northeast, small industrial cities and great agricultural productivity in central and northern Illinois, and natural resources like coal,... , United States United States The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district... |
1993 | Classic North American red apple. Stores well up to six months. Makes very good candy apple. | Eating |
| Envy | New Zealand New Zealand New Zealand is an island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses and numerous smaller islands. The country is situated some east of Australia across the Tasman Sea, and roughly south of the Pacific island nations of New Caledonia, Fiji, and Tonga... |
2009 | Sweet and crispy, takes 4–8 hours after cutting to start browning. Royal Gala × Braeburn. | Eating |
| Epicure | United Kingdom | 1909 | Yellowish apple with reddish blush. Good clean taste. | Eating |
| Fiesta | Kent Kent Kent is a county in southeast England, and is one of the home counties. It borders East Sussex, Surrey and Greater London and has a defined boundary with Essex in the middle of the Thames Estuary. The ceremonial county boundaries of Kent include the shire county of Kent and the unitary borough of... . England England England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental... , United Kingdom United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages... |
1972 | Sometimes called Red Pippin. Claims both UK and US heritage: parents are Cox's Orange and Idared. Has flavour similar to the former but storage, colouring, and cold tolerance of the latter. | Eating |
| Fireside | Minnesota Minnesota Minnesota is a U.S. state located in the Midwestern United States. The twelfth largest state of the U.S., it is the twenty-first most populous, with 5.3 million residents. Minnesota was carved out of the eastern half of the Minnesota Territory and admitted to the Union as the thirty-second state... , United States United States The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district... |
1943 | Very fragrant. Yellow with red striping. Sweet apple, very popular in upper Midwest. | Eating |
| Florina | Anger Anger Anger is an automatic response to ill treatment. It is the way a person indicates he or she will not tolerate certain types of behaviour. It is a feedback mechanism in which an unpleasant stimulus is met with an unpleasant response.... , France France The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France... |
(Querina), scab resistant | Eating | |
| Flower of Kent Flower of Kent The Flower of Kent is a green variety of cooking apple. According to the story, this is the apple Isaac Newton saw falling to ground from its tree, inspiring his laws of universal gravitation. It is pear-shaped, mealy, and sub-acid, and of generally poor quality by today's standards... |
Kent Kent Kent is a county in southeast England, and is one of the home counties. It borders East Sussex, Surrey and Greater London and has a defined boundary with Essex in the middle of the Thames Estuary. The ceremonial county boundaries of Kent include the shire county of Kent and the unitary borough of... , England England England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental... , United Kingdom United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages... |
18th c. | This is the famous variety that may have inspired Isaac Newton concerning his theory of gravity. | Eating |
| Fortune | 1904 | Cox's Orange Pippin × Wealthy | Eating | |
| Fuji Fuji (apple) The Fuji apple is an apple clone developed by growers at the Tohoku Research Station in Fujisaki, Aomori, Japan, in the late 1930s, and brought to market in 1962... |
Japan Japan Japan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south... |
1930s | Red Delicious × Ralls Genet Ralls Genet The Ralls Genet, sometimes spelled Ralls Janet or Rawls Jennet, is a cultivar of apple which originated in Virginia in the late 18th century... . Sweet, crisp, dense flesh. Very long shelf life, even without refrigeration. Japan's predominant eating apple. |
Eating |
| Gala Gala (apple) Gala is a clonally propagated apple with a mild and sweet flavor. Gala apples ranked at number 2 in 2006 on the US Apple Association's list of most popular apples, after Red Delicious and before Golden Delicious, Granny Smith, and Fuji .... |
New Zealand New Zealand New Zealand is an island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses and numerous smaller islands. The country is situated some east of Australia across the Tasman Sea, and roughly south of the Pacific island nations of New Caledonia, Fiji, and Tonga... |
1970s | Kidds Orange Red × Golden Delicious. Thinner skin. Very soft eating apple, well-suited for denture wearers. | Eating |
| George Cave | Essex Essex Essex is a ceremonial and non-metropolitan county in the East region of England, and one of the home counties. It is located to the northeast of Greater London. It borders with Cambridgeshire and Suffolk to the north, Hertfordshire to the west, Kent to the South and London to the south west... , England England England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental... , United Kingdom United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages... |
1923 | Pale green-yellow fruit with red flush. Early harvest. | Eating |
| George Neal | Kent Kent Kent is a county in southeast England, and is one of the home counties. It borders East Sussex, Surrey and Greater London and has a defined boundary with Essex in the middle of the Thames Estuary. The ceremonial county boundaries of Kent include the shire county of Kent and the unitary borough of... , England England England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental... , United Kingdom United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages... |
1904 | Received Award of Merit from R.H.S. in 1924. Pale green to yellow colour, will keep nicely until late autumn. | Cooking |
| Gloster | Germany Germany Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate... |
1969 | Conical shape. Somewhat tart, ruby red colour like parent Red Delicious. Good choice for backyard gardening. | Eating |
| Ginger Gold Ginger Gold Ginger Gold is a yellow apple variety which entered commerce in the 1980s, though the original seedling dates from the late 1960s.-Characteristics:... |
Virginia Virginia The Commonwealth of Virginia , is a U.S. state on the Atlantic Coast of the Southern United States. Virginia is nicknamed the "Old Dominion" and sometimes the "Mother of Presidents" after the eight U.S. presidents born there... , United States United States The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district... |
1960s | Tangy flavour, crunchy texture, pale green-yellow colour. Noted for being an extremely early bearer (Europe by September 1, California late July, Eastern US in August). | Cooking, Eating |
| Golden Delicious Golden Delicious The Golden Delicious is a cultivar of apple with a yellow color. It is not closely related to the Red Delicious apple.- Appearance and flavor :... |
Clay County, West Virginia Clay County, West Virginia -External links:***... , United States United States The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district... |
1914 | One of the most popular varieties in the world. Light green-yellow coloration, very sweet. Poor choice for baking. | Eating |
| Golden Noble | England England England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental... , United Kingdom United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages... |
1820 | Tree is short and stocky. Produces mint green fruit with blush of pink. | Eating |
| Golden Orange Golden Orange (apple) The Golden Orange apple is an apple cultivar that was first developed in the Italy in the 1979s by crossing PRI 1956-6 and Ed Gould Golden apples.Resistant to scab... |
Italy Italy Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and... |
1979 released 1996 |
PRI 1956-6 × Ed Gould Golden. Resistant to scab. Moderate vigour, spreading habit and medium-late blooming season; fruit is moderately large (207 g) and symmetric, skin is smooth, no russeting. Ripens some days after Golden Delicious; fruit is very attractive; large, good storage ability. | Eating |
| Golden Russet | New York New York New York is a state in the Northeastern region of the United States. It is the nation's third most populous state. New York is bordered by New Jersey and Pennsylvania to the south, and by Connecticut, Massachusetts and Vermont to the east... , United States United States The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district... |
1845 (documented) | Very sweet russet. Believed to be close relative of British varieties grown in mid-19th century. | Cider, Eating |
| Golden Spire | United Kingdom, Lancashire Lancashire Lancashire is a non-metropolitan county of historic origin in the North West of England. It takes its name from the city of Lancaster, and is sometimes known as the County of Lancaster. Although Lancaster is still considered to be the county town, Lancashire County Council is based in Preston... |
1850 | An old Northern English variety. Unusual tall and oblong with a tart flavour. | Cider, Eating |
| Gragg (aka Red Gragg, Winter Queen) | North Carolina North Carolina North Carolina is a state located in the southeastern United States. The state borders South Carolina and Georgia to the south, Tennessee to the west and Virginia to the north. North Carolina contains 100 counties. Its capital is Raleigh, and its largest city is Charlotte... , United States United States The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district... |
1860 | Originated on the farm of James Gragg in Caldwell County, NC about 1860. Valued by North Carolina growers for its fine cooking qualities, crispness and long storage ability. The conical shaped fruit is red in color with moderately conspicuous dots. Ripens in October and is a great keeper. | Cooking, Eating |
| Granny Smith Granny Smith The Granny Ramsey Smith green apple is a tip-bearing apple cultivar, which originated in Australia in 1868. It is named after Maria Ann Smith, who propagated the cultivar from a chance seedling. The tree is thought to be a hybrid of Malus sylvestris, the European Wild Apple, with the domestic... |
Australia Australia Australia , officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area... |
1868 | This is the apple once used to represent Apple Records Apple Records Apple Records is a record label founded by The Beatles in 1968, as a division of Apple Corps Ltd. It was initially intended as a creative outlet for the Beatles, both as a group and individually, plus a selection of other artists including Mary Hopkin, James Taylor, Badfinger, and Billy Preston... . Also noted as common pie apple. Lime green colouring. Extremely tart. |
Cooking, Eating |
| Gravenstein Gravenstein Gravenstein is a variety of apple native to Gråsten in South Jutland, Denmark. The variety was discovered in 1669 as a chance seedling, although there is some evidence that the variety originated in Italy and traveled north.... |
Schleswig-Holstein Schleswig-Holstein Schleswig-Holstein is the northernmost of the sixteen states of Germany, comprising most of the historical duchy of Holstein and the southern part of the former Duchy of Schleswig... , Germany Germany Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate... |
17th c. | Greenish colouring. Has a checquered history: German immigrants brought cuttings of this variety with them in the mid-19th century to the San Joaquin Valley San Joaquin Valley The San Joaquin Valley is the area of the Central Valley of California that lies south of the Sacramento – San Joaquin River Delta in Stockton... and by planting it laid the foundation of a very large agribusiness. Has many sports. Cultivated in German-speaking nations and US West Coast. |
Cooking |
| Greensleeves | Kent Kent Kent is a county in southeast England, and is one of the home counties. It borders East Sussex, Surrey and Greater London and has a defined boundary with Essex in the middle of the Thames Estuary. The ceremonial county boundaries of Kent include the shire county of Kent and the unitary borough of... , England England England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental... , United Kingdom United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages... |
1966 | Golden Delicious Golden Delicious The Golden Delicious is a cultivar of apple with a yellow color. It is not closely related to the Red Delicious apple.- Appearance and flavor :... × James Grieve James Grieve apple James Grieve is an old variety of apple. It gets its name from its breeder, James Grieve, who raised the apple from pollination of a Pott's Seedling or a Cox's Orange Pippin apple in Edinburgh, Scotland some time before 1893.... ; good garden apple, with a pleasant but unexceptional flavour. Likely named for famous Renaissance era song. |
Eating |
| Grenadier | England England England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental... , United Kingdom United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages... |
1862 (documented) | Possibly one of the weirdest of all British apples: it is ribbed and lumpy with a tough coat, looking as though it has taken a beating. Makes good sauce. | Cooking |
| Grimes Golden Grimes Golden Grimes Golden is a cultivar of apple originated in Wellsburg, West Virginia in 1832 on the farm of Thomas Grimes in the present day Pittsburgh Tri-State. It could be the origin of the famous Golden Delicious.... |
Virginia Virginia The Commonwealth of Virginia , is a U.S. state on the Atlantic Coast of the Southern United States. Virginia is nicknamed the "Old Dominion" and sometimes the "Mother of Presidents" after the eight U.S. presidents born there... and West Virginia West Virginia West Virginia is a state in the Appalachian and Southeastern regions of the United States, bordered by Virginia to the southeast, Kentucky to the southwest, Ohio to the northwest, Pennsylvania to the northeast and Maryland to the east... borderlands, United States United States The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district... |
1804 | Native to Blue Ridge Mountains Blue Ridge Mountains The Blue Ridge Mountains are a physiographic province of the larger Appalachian Mountains range. This province consists of northern and southern physiographic regions, which divide near the Roanoke River gap. The mountain range is located in the eastern United States, starting at its southern-most... and Piedmont Piedmont Piedmont is one of the 20 regions of Italy. It has an area of 25,402 square kilometres and a population of about 4.4 million. The capital of Piedmont is Turin. The main local language is Piedmontese. Occitan is also spoken by a minority in the Occitan Valleys situated in the Provinces of... area. Believed to be a parent of the much more famous Golden Delicious. Sometimes russets. |
Cider, Cooking, Eating |
| Haralson Haralson (apple) The Haralson is a cultivar of apple that is medium-sized and has a round-conic shape. It has a red color and large, moderately conspicuous dots. Haralson apples are crisp and juicy, having a tart flavor. They are good for eating, cooking, and are an excellent choice for pies... |
Minnesota Minnesota Minnesota is a U.S. state located in the Midwestern United States. The twelfth largest state of the U.S., it is the twenty-first most populous, with 5.3 million residents. Minnesota was carved out of the eastern half of the Minnesota Territory and admitted to the Union as the thirty-second state... , United States United States The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district... |
1923 | Red colour and large, moderately conspicuous dots. Crisp and juicy with a tart flavour. Excellent choice for pies. | Cooking, Eating |
| Harrison Cider Apple Harrison Cider Apple The Harrison Cider Apple is one of the most famous 18th century American cider apples. Grown in New Jersey before and after the American Revolution, it became obsolete by the 20th century... |
New Jersey New Jersey New Jersey is a state in the Northeastern and Middle Atlantic regions of the United States. , its population was 8,791,894. It is bordered on the north and east by the state of New York, on the southeast and south by the Atlantic Ocean, on the west by Pennsylvania and on the southwest by Delaware... , United States United States The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district... |
1770 | Yellow skin, sometimes red-blush, black spots, small size, sweet, rich and dry. | Cooking, Cider |
| Hawaii | 1945 (introduced) | Noted for pineapple-like taste. | Eating | |
| Heyer 12 | Very cold-tolerant. | Eating | ||
| Honeycrisp Honeycrisp Honeycrisp is an apple cultivar developed at the Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station's Horticultural Research Center at the University of Minnesota, Twin Cities... |
Minnesota Minnesota Minnesota is a U.S. state located in the Midwestern United States. The twelfth largest state of the U.S., it is the twenty-first most populous, with 5.3 million residents. Minnesota was carved out of the eastern half of the Minnesota Territory and admitted to the Union as the thirty-second state... , United States United States The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district... |
1960 | Has excellent eating and keeping qualities. Mottled red and yellow colour. Good crunch when in prime condition. Juicy. | Eating |
| Honeygold | Minnesota Minnesota Minnesota is a U.S. state located in the Midwestern United States. The twelfth largest state of the U.S., it is the twenty-first most populous, with 5.3 million residents. Minnesota was carved out of the eastern half of the Minnesota Territory and admitted to the Union as the thirty-second state... , United States United States The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district... |
1969 | Sweet tasting fruit. Tree has very showy, light pink blossoms in spring. | Eating |
| Howgate Wonder | Isle of Wight Isle of Wight The Isle of Wight is a county and the largest island of England, located in the English Channel, on average about 2–4 miles off the south coast of the county of Hampshire, separated from the mainland by a strait called the Solent... , United Kingdom United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages... |
1960 | Usually a big apple. Makes a lot of juice. | Cooking |
| Idared Idared Idared is a type of red apple cultivar from Moscow, Idaho, United States.First developed at the University of Idaho Agricultural Experiment Station in 1942; it is a cross between two apple varieties . The Idared has a white flesh with a firm body, and generally considered to be tart and juicy... |
Idaho Idaho Idaho is a state in the Rocky Mountain area of the United States. The state's largest city and capital is Boise. Residents are called "Idahoans". Idaho was admitted to the Union on July 3, 1890, as the 43rd state.... , United States United States The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district... |
1942 | Very crunchy. Stores fairly well. | Eating |
| Irish Peach | Kilkenny Kilkenny Kilkenny is a city and is the county town of the eponymous County Kilkenny in Ireland. It is situated on both banks of the River Nore in the province of Leinster, in the south-east of Ireland... , Ireland Ireland Ireland is an island to the northwest of continental Europe. It is the third-largest island in Europe and the twentieth-largest island on Earth... |
19th c. | Apple excellent for baking. Early harvest. More difficult to find within land of origin due to primary use for export to UK. Hardy, tastes very good straight off tree. | Cooking, Eating |
| James Grieve James Grieve apple James Grieve is an old variety of apple. It gets its name from its breeder, James Grieve, who raised the apple from pollination of a Pott's Seedling or a Cox's Orange Pippin apple in Edinburgh, Scotland some time before 1893.... |
Edinburgh Edinburgh Edinburgh is the capital city of Scotland, the second largest city in Scotland, and the eighth most populous in the United Kingdom. The City of Edinburgh Council governs one of Scotland's 32 local government council areas. The council area includes urban Edinburgh and a rural area... , Scotland Scotland Scotland is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. Occupying the northern third of the island of Great Britain, it shares a border with England to the south and is bounded by the North Sea to the east, the Atlantic Ocean to the north and west, and the North Channel and Irish Sea to the... , United Kingdom United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages... |
1893 | Good taste, but poor keeper (bruises easily). | Cooking, Eating |
| Jazz Jazz (apple) Jazz is a relatively new apple variety from New Zealand. It is the result of a cross between Royal Gala and Braeburn made by Plant & Food Research in 1985. It is also known as Scifresh... |
New Zealand New Zealand New Zealand is an island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses and numerous smaller islands. The country is situated some east of Australia across the Tasman Sea, and roughly south of the Pacific island nations of New Caledonia, Fiji, and Tonga... |
2007 (launched) | Bright red round apple with subtle yellow under-striping. Tart to sweet, dense and very crunchy with effervescent texture. From sweet Royal Gala × firm, tart Braeburn. | Eating |
| Jonagold Jonagold Jonagold is a cultivar of apple, a cross between Golden Delicious and Jonathan which was developed in 1953 in New York. They form a large sweet fruit with a thin skin. Because of their large size they are now favoured by commercial growers in many parts of the world... |
New York New York New York is a state in the Northeastern region of the United States. It is the nation's third most populous state. New York is bordered by New Jersey and Pennsylvania to the south, and by Connecticut, Massachusetts and Vermont to the east... , United States United States The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district... |
1968 | Popular in Europe and land of origin. A very large apple. Several highly coloured strains are available. | Eating, Cooking |
| Jonathan Jonathan (apple) The Jonathan apple is a medium-sized sweet apple, with a strong touch of acid and a tough but smooth skin. It is closely related to the Esopus Spitzenburg apple.-History:There are two alternative theories about the origin of the Jonathan apple.... |
New York New York New York is a state in the Northeastern region of the United States. It is the nation's third most populous state. New York is bordered by New Jersey and Pennsylvania to the south, and by Connecticut, Massachusetts and Vermont to the east... , United States United States The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district... |
1820s | Tart taste. Mostly red apple with patches of lime green. Does well in cooler areas; some frost resistance. | Cooking (Pie), Eating |
| Junaluska | North Carolina North Carolina North Carolina is a state located in the southeastern United States. The state borders South Carolina and Georgia to the south, Tennessee to the west and Virginia to the north. North Carolina contains 100 counties. Its capital is Raleigh, and its largest city is Charlotte... , United States United States The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district... |
1815 (apx.) | Once thought to be extinct but rediscovered in 2001 in rural North Carolina. Native American origin. Named for Cherokee chief Junaluska, leader in Battle of Horseshoe Bend, believed to have planted original tree. Extremely russeted and ugly apple but very hardy tree with superior taste to commercial varieties. | Cooking, Cider, Eating |
| Kanzi | Belgium Belgium Belgium , officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a federal state in Western Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts the EU's headquarters, and those of several other major international organisations such as NATO.Belgium is also a member of, or affiliated to, many... |
1991 | Gala Gala (apple) Gala is a clonally propagated apple with a mild and sweet flavor. Gala apples ranked at number 2 in 2006 on the US Apple Association's list of most popular apples, after Red Delicious and before Golden Delicious, Granny Smith, and Fuji .... × Braeburn Braeburn The Braeburn is a cultivar of apple that is firm to the touch with a red/orange vertical streaky appearance on a yellow/green background. Its color intensity varies with different varieties. They are known to have a burst of flavor when bitten into.... . Crunchy, juicy, sweet, slightly tangier than Gala. |
Eating |
| Karmijn de Sonnaville Karmijn de Sonnaville Karmijn de Sonnaville is a variety of apple bred by Piet de Sonnaville, working in Wageningen in 1949. It is a cross of Cox's Orange Pippin and Jonathan, and was first grown commercially beginning in 1971.... |
Wageningen Wageningen ' is a municipality and a historical town in the central Netherlands, in the province of Gelderland. It is famous for Wageningen University, which specializes in life sciences. The city has 37,414 inhabitants , of which many thousands are students... , Netherlands Netherlands The Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders... |
1949 | Yellow ground colour when ripe, with red flush, and russet depending on the season. Large apple, though shape can be irregular. | Cooking (Apple Juice), Eating |
| Katy | Sweden Sweden Sweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden borders with Norway and Finland and is connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund.... |
1947 | Medium-sized early eating apple with red skin and pale cream flesh. Well suited to Northern European climate. | Eating |
| Kerry Pippin | County Antrim County Antrim County Antrim is one of six counties that form Northern Ireland, situated in the north-east of the island of Ireland. Adjoined to the north-east shore of Lough Neagh, the county covers an area of 2,844 km², with a population of approximately 616,000... , Ireland Ireland Ireland is an island to the northwest of continental Europe. It is the third-largest island in Europe and the twentieth-largest island on Earth... |
1805 (apx.) | Pale to golden yellow flesh. Delightful spicy taste. Well suited to Ireland's moist, cool climate. | Eating |
| Kidd's Orange Red | New Zealand New Zealand New Zealand is an island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses and numerous smaller islands. The country is situated some east of Australia across the Tasman Sea, and roughly south of the Pacific island nations of New Caledonia, Fiji, and Tonga... |
1924 | Cox's Orange Pippin Cox's Orange Pippin Cox's Orange Pippin is an apple cultivar first grown in 1825, at Colnbrook in Buckinghamshire, England, by the retired brewer and horticulturist Richard Cox. Though the origin of the cultivar is unknown, the Ribston Pippin seems a likely candidate. The variety was introduced for sale by the 1850s... × Delicious. Yellow skin with orange red flush. Chewy rather than crunchy. |
Eating |
| King | United States United States The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district... |
Eating | ||
| Knobbed Russet Knobbed Russet The Knobbed Russet Malus domestica is a large green and yellow apple with a rough and black russet and unusually irregular, warty and knobbly surface. It has soft and sweet creamy flesh and looks more like a potato than an apple... |
Sussex Sussex Sussex , from the Old English Sūþsēaxe , is an historic county in South East England corresponding roughly in area to the ancient Kingdom of Sussex. It is bounded on the north by Surrey, east by Kent, south by the English Channel, and west by Hampshire, and is divided for local government into West... , England England England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental... , United Kingdom United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages... |
1819 | Green and yellow, with rough and black russet. Unusually irregular, warty and knobbly surface. | Cider, Eating |
| Lane's Prince Albert | England England England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental... , United Kingdom United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages... |
1841 | Green with orange blush. Makes a good apple crumble for Christmas: peak ripening happens in winter. | Cooking |
| Laxton's Superb Laxton's Superb (apple) The Laxton's Superb is a variety of apple that was developed in England in 1897. The variety is a cross breed between Wyken Pippin × Cox's Orange Pippin. It is a Classic old Victorian, British apple with a green color and a dull red flush. The fruit are of a firm texture, but are not very good... |
England England England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental... , United Kingdom United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages... |
1897 | Wyken Pippin × Cox's Orange Pippin. Classic old Victorian, British apple. Green with dull red flush. Firm texture, but not very good juice producer. | Eating |
| Liberty Liberty (apple) Liberty is a hybrid apple cultivar developed by the New York State Agricultural Experiment Station. It was first pollenated in 1955 by crossing Macoun with 'Perdue 54-12' for the sake of acquiring malus floribunda disease resistances. It was first released to the public in 1974.-Official... |
New York New York New York is a state in the Northeastern region of the United States. It is the nation's third most populous state. New York is bordered by New Jersey and Pennsylvania to the south, and by Connecticut, Massachusetts and Vermont to the east... , United States United States The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district... |
1978 | Very disease-resistant. Very similar appearance to McIntosh, relatively short storage life in air. | Eating |
| Limelight | Kent Kent Kent is a county in southeast England, and is one of the home counties. It borders East Sussex, Surrey and Greater London and has a defined boundary with Essex in the middle of the Thames Estuary. The ceremonial county boundaries of Kent include the shire county of Kent and the unitary borough of... , England England England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental... , United Kingdom United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages... |
2000 | Greensleeves type; abundant cropping and a compact tree. A pale green apple with a smooth finish and occasional pink blush. Crisp flesh and disease resistant tree. | Eating |
| Lodi | Ohio Ohio Ohio is a Midwestern state in the United States. The 34th largest state by area in the U.S.,it is the 7th‑most populous with over 11.5 million residents, containing several major American cities and seven metropolitan areas with populations of 500,000 or more.The state's capital is Columbus... , United States United States The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district... |
1911 | Fruit pale yellow flushed with deeper yellow. Resistant to scab. Tangy taste. | Eating |
| Lord Derby | Cheshire Cheshire Cheshire is a ceremonial county in North West England. Cheshire's county town is the city of Chester, although its largest town is Warrington. Other major towns include Widnes, Congleton, Crewe, Ellesmere Port, Runcorn, Macclesfield, Winsford, Northwich, and Wilmslow... , England England England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental... , United States United States The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district... |
1850 (apx.) | Yellowish green apple. Acid flavour, likes cooler weather. | Cooking |
| Lord Lambourne | England England England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental... , United Kingdom United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages... |
1921 | James Grieve James Grieve apple James Grieve is an old variety of apple. It gets its name from its breeder, James Grieve, who raised the apple from pollination of a Pott's Seedling or a Cox's Orange Pippin apple in Edinburgh, Scotland some time before 1893.... × Worcester Pearmain. Round shape. Orange flush with hint of russet. Strong acid flavour. Tree good for backyard gardeners. |
Eating |
| Macoun | New York New York New York is a state in the Northeastern region of the United States. It is the nation's third most populous state. New York is bordered by New Jersey and Pennsylvania to the south, and by Connecticut, Massachusetts and Vermont to the east... , United States United States The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district... |
1923 | Cold-tolerant. Crunchy. Does very well in salads. | Eating |
| Malinda | Vermont Vermont Vermont is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States of America. The state ranks 43rd in land area, , and 45th in total area. Its population according to the 2010 census, 630,337, is the second smallest in the country, larger only than Wyoming. It is the only New England... , United Kingdom United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages... |
1860 | Small, conical with sheep's nose; deep, rich yellow with red spots possible. Dry, dense, substantive flesh; mild, pear-like flavour. Tree good in climates with heavy snowfall. | Cooking, Eating |
| Mantet | Manitoba Manitoba Manitoba is a Canadian prairie province with an area of . The province has over 110,000 lakes and has a largely continental climate because of its flat topography. Agriculture, mostly concentrated in the fertile southern and western parts of the province, is vital to the province's economy; other... , Canada Canada Canada is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and northward into the Arctic Ocean... |
1929 (introduced) | Amber fruit washed with red. Summer apple. Does not do well in warm climates. | Eating |
| McIntosh | Ontario Ontario Ontario is a province of Canada, located in east-central Canada. It is Canada's most populous province and second largest in total area. It is home to the nation's most populous city, Toronto, and the nation's capital, Ottawa.... , Canada Canada Canada is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and northward into the Arctic Ocean... |
1811 | A popular, cold-tolerant, pocket-sized eating apple in Canada and northeastern US. Favorite of children. | Cooking (applesauce), Eating |
| Melrose | Ohio Ohio Ohio is a Midwestern state in the United States. The 34th largest state by area in the U.S.,it is the 7th‑most populous with over 11.5 million residents, containing several major American cities and seven metropolitan areas with populations of 500,000 or more.The state's capital is Columbus... , United States United States The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district... |
1944 | Flavour improves in storage. Coarse flesh. | Eating |
| Merton Worcester | England England England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental... , United Kingdom United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages... |
1956 | Cox's Orange Pippin × Worcester Pearmain. Developed at John Innes Institute John Innes Centre The John Innes Centre located in Norwich, Norfolk, England is an independent centre for research and training in plant and microbial science... . |
Eating |
| Miller's Seedling | Berkshire Berkshire Berkshire is a historic county in the South of England. It is also often referred to as the Royal County of Berkshire because of the presence of the royal residence of Windsor Castle in the county; this usage, which dates to the 19th century at least, was recognised by the Queen in 1957, and... , England England England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental... , United Kingdom United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages... |
1848 | Sweet apple. Tree prefers chalky soils. | Eating |
| Mollie's Delicious | New Jersey New Jersey New Jersey is a state in the Northeastern and Middle Atlantic regions of the United States. , its population was 8,791,894. It is bordered on the north and east by the state of New York, on the southeast and south by the Atlantic Ocean, on the west by Pennsylvania and on the southwest by Delaware... , United States United States The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district... |
1966 | Conical shape, pinkish red colour. Lasts long in refrigeration. Good aftertaste. | Eating |
| Mother | Massachusetts Massachusetts The Commonwealth of Massachusetts is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States of America. It is bordered by Rhode Island and Connecticut to the south, New York to the west, and Vermont and New Hampshire to the north; at its east lies the Atlantic Ocean. As of the 2010... , United States United States The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district... |
1840 | Sometimes referred to as "American Mother". Has balsamic acidity. Fragrant smell. Distinct yellow and red colouring. | Eating |
| Muscadet de Dieppe | Normandy Normandy Normandy is a geographical region corresponding to the former Duchy of Normandy. It is in France.The continental territory covers 30,627 km² and forms the preponderant part of Normandy and roughly 5% of the territory of France. It is divided for administrative purposes into two régions:... , France France The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France... |
1750 (apx.) | Commonly used in making Calvados liquor. | Cooking |
| Mutsu Mutsu (apple) The apple was introduced in 1948 and is a cross between the Golden Delicious and the Indo apple varieties first grown in Japan, and named after the Mutsu Province of Japan, where it was presumably first grown.... |
Aomori Prefecture Aomori Prefecture is a prefecture of Japan located in the Tōhoku Region. The capital is the city of Aomori.- History :Until the Meiji Restoration, the area of Aomori prefecture was known as Mutsu Province.... , Japan Japan Japan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south... |
1930 | Known as "Crispin" in the UK. Golden Delicious × Indo. | Eating |
| My Jewel | Watsonville, California California California is a state located on the West Coast of the United States. It is by far the most populous U.S. state, and the third-largest by land area... , United States United States The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district... |
1940 (apx.) | Delicious banana-flavoured apple originating in Watsonville, California, as a chance seedling. | Eating, Cooking, Cider |
| Newtown Pippin Newtown Pippin The Newtown Pippin apple is an American apple that originated in the early 18th century.-Characteristics:... |
Queens County Queens Queens is the easternmost of the five boroughs of New York City. The largest borough in area and the second-largest in population, it is coextensive with Queens County, an administrative division of New York state, in the United States.... , New York New York New York is a state in the Northeastern region of the United States. It is the nation's third most populous state. New York is bordered by New Jersey and Pennsylvania to the south, and by Connecticut, Massachusetts and Vermont to the east... , United States United States The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district... |
1759 | Best known colonial apple in North America. Known favourite of Ben Franklin and Thomas Jefferson Thomas Jefferson Thomas Jefferson was the principal author of the United States Declaration of Independence and the Statute of Virginia for Religious Freedom , the third President of the United States and founder of the University of Virginia... . Also sometimes called "Albemarle Pippin". Light green (northern kind) or electric yellow (southern). Flavour improves with age and storage. |
Cooking, Eating |
| Newton Wonder Newton Wonder Malus domestica Newton Wonder is a cultivar of apple which is usually eaten cooked due to its sourness... |
England England England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental... , United Kingdom United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages... |
1870s | Very good cooker. Prolific bearer, can be harvested in winter. | Cooking |
| Nickajack | North Carolina North Carolina North Carolina is a state located in the southeastern United States. The state borders South Carolina and Georgia to the south, Tennessee to the west and Virginia to the north. North Carolina contains 100 counties. Its capital is Raleigh, and its largest city is Charlotte... , United States United States The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district... |
1810 (apx.) | Native American origin, believed to be originally grown by Cherokee Cherokee The Cherokee are a Native American people historically settled in the Southeastern United States . Linguistically, they are part of the Iroquoian language family... along banks of Nickajack Creek. Only grown in Appalachians, favourite of later settlers for desserts. Rusty red colour with sweet, crisp taste. |
Cooking, Eating |
| Norfolk Royal | England England England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental... |
1850 (apx) | Crisp, sharply sweet and well-flavoured. Available as a russet or smooth. | Eating |
| Northern Spy Northern Spy The Northern Spy apple , sometimes known as "Northern Spie" or "Northern Pie Apple" is a variety of apple native to the Northern East Coast of the United States and parts of Michigan and Ontario... |
New York New York New York is a state in the Northeastern region of the United States. It is the nation's third most populous state. New York is bordered by New Jersey and Pennsylvania to the south, and by Connecticut, Massachusetts and Vermont to the east... , United States United States The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district... |
1800 (apx.) | Tart, firm, stores very well. Noted for being excellent choice for making American-style apple pie. Sometimes used as rootstock. | Cider, Cooking, Eating |
| Orin | Japan Japan Japan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south... |
1952 | Sweet and distinctive fragrance. Notes of pineapple. Medium hardness. Golden Delicious × Indo. | Eating |
| Orleans Reinette | Orleans Orléans -Prehistory and Roman:Cenabum was a Gallic stronghold, one of the principal towns of the Carnutes tribe where the Druids held their annual assembly. It was conquered and destroyed by Julius Caesar in 52 BC, then rebuilt under the Roman Empire... , France France The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France... |
1776 | Reliable bearer. Similar taste to Blenheim Orange, but not related. | Eating |
| Ozark Gold | Missouri Missouri Missouri is a US state located in the Midwestern United States, bordered by Iowa, Illinois, Kentucky, Tennessee, Arkansas, Oklahoma, Kansas and Nebraska. With a 2010 population of 5,988,927, Missouri is the 18th most populous state in the nation and the fifth most populous in the Midwest. It... , United States United States The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district... |
1970 | Light green with pink blush. Has taste with notes of honey. | Eating |
| Pacific Rose | New Zealand New Zealand New Zealand is an island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses and numerous smaller islands. The country is situated some east of Australia across the Tasman Sea, and roughly south of the Pacific island nations of New Caledonia, Fiji, and Tonga... |
1995 | Extremely crisp, sweet apple. Also grows well in California. | Eating |
| Pam's Delight | Bedfordshire Bedfordshire Bedfordshire is a ceremonial county of historic origin in England that forms part of the East of England region.It borders Cambridgeshire to the north-east, Northamptonshire to the north, Buckinghamshire to the west and Hertfordshire to the south-east.... , England England England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental... , United Kingdom United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages... |
1958 | A dessert apple. | Eating |
| Paula Red Paula Red (apple) Paula Red is a natural mutation of the McIntosh apple that ripens late in the summer.- Appearance and Flavor :Paula Red apples are bright red with some yellow and tan spots; the skin often has a dusty sheen. They have a sprightly taste, not too sweet and not too tart, vinous and slightly... |
Kent County, Michigan Kent County, Michigan -Air Service:*Commercial air service to Grand Rapids is provided by Gerald R. Ford International Airport . Previously named Kent County International Airport, it holds Grand Rapids' mark in modern history with the United States' first regularly scheduled airline service, beginning July 31, 1926,... , United States United States The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district... |
1960s | Firm white flesh; McIntosh mutation. | Eating |
| Peasgood's Nonsuch | England England England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental... , United Kingdom United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages... |
1858 | Very big apple: can weigh up to half a kilogram. | Cooking and Eating |
| Pink Pearl Pink Pearl (apple) The Pink Pearl apple is an apple cultivar developed in 1944 by Albert Etter, a northern California breeder. It is a seedling of "Surprise", another redfleshed apple.... |
California California California is a state located on the West Coast of the United States. It is by far the most populous U.S. state, and the third-largest by land area... , United States United States The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district... |
1944 | Noted for having bright pink flesh. Sweet. Possibly has crab apple in its ancestry. | Eating |
| Pinova Pinova Pinova is an apple cultivar, a cross between a Golden Delicious, Cox's Orange Pippin and a Duchess of Oldenburg.... |
Germany Germany Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate... |
1986 | Bred in Germany over an 18-year period. Called "Piñata" in the United States. Fragrant smell, thin skin and balanced sweet and tart flavour profile. From Golden Delicious, Cox's Orange Pippin, and Duchess of Oldenburg. | Cooking, Eating |
| Pixie | England England England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental... , United Kingdom United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages... |
1947 | Resistant to scab and mildew. Very small apple. | Eating |
| Pott's Seedling | England England England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental... , United Kingdom United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages... |
Pale green to yellow colour and white flesh. | Cooking | |
| Pound Sweet | Manchester Manchester Manchester is a city and metropolitan borough in Greater Manchester, England. According to the Office for National Statistics, the 2010 mid-year population estimate for Manchester was 498,800. Manchester lies within one of the UK's largest metropolitan areas, the metropolitan county of Greater... , Connecticut Connecticut Connecticut is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States. It is bordered by Rhode Island to the east, Massachusetts to the north, and the state of New York to the west and the south .Connecticut is named for the Connecticut River, the major U.S. river that approximately... , United States United States The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district... |
1834 | Amber coloration. Used mostly for making apple butter. Russets. Does well in moderate cold. Suitable to areas with snowy winters. | Cooking |
| Rajka | Czech Republic Czech Republic The Czech Republic is a landlocked country in Central Europe. The country is bordered by Poland to the northeast, Slovakia to the east, Austria to the south, and Germany to the west and northwest.... |
Rezista x Rome-like, scab resistant | Eating | |
| Red Astrachan | Russia Russia Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects... |
1800 (apx.) | Extremely resistant to frost. | Cooking |
| Red Delicious Red Delicious The Red Delicious is a clone of apple cultigen, now comprising more than 50 cultivars, that was recognized in Madison County, Iowa, United States, in 1880... |
Iowa Iowa Iowa is a state located in the Midwestern United States, an area often referred to as the "American Heartland". It derives its name from the Ioway people, one of the many American Indian tribes that occupied the state at the time of European exploration. Iowa was a part of the French colony of New... , United States United States The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district... |
1870 (apx.) | Unmistakable for dark red colour and bumps on bottom. Poor choice for cooking; makes bland cider. Sometimes referred to as "Starking Delicious" or variation. | Eating |
| Redlove Era Redlove Era Redlove Era is a recently bred hybrid apple. It was bred by Markus Kobelt in Switzerland. It is an alleged cross-pollination of redfleshed and scab-resistant breeding numbers, and has a high antioxidant content with 30-40% more than an average apple. It is red on the outside and inside, with a... |
UK | Eating | ||
| Rhode Island Greening Rhode Island Greening ]]The Rhode Island Greening is an old, historic American apple variety and the official fruit of the state of Rhode Island.-History:The Rhode Island Greening allegedly originated around 1650 near Green’s End in Newport, Rhode Island . The first Greenings were allegedly grown by a Mr. Green who... |
Newport, Rhode Island Newport, Rhode Island Newport is a city on Aquidneck Island in Newport County, Rhode Island, United States, about south of Providence. Known as a New England summer resort and for the famous Newport Mansions, it is the home of Salve Regina University and Naval Station Newport which houses the United States Naval War... , United States United States The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district... |
1650s | Extremely old variety for United States, second only to Roxbury Russet Roxbury Russet The Roxbury Russet is an apple cultivar. It is believed to be the oldest variety of apple bred in the United States, having first been discovered and named in the mid-17th century in the former Town of Roxbury, part of the Massachusetts Bay Colony southwest of Boston.It is a greyish-green russet... in age. Very tart. Grass-green colour with some possible russeting near stem. Very tart. |
Cider, Cooking |
| Rev. W. Wilks | England England England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental... , United Kingdom United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages... |
1908 | Pastel green with a light pink flush. Very disease-resistant. | Cooking |
| Ribston Pippin Ribston Pippin Ribston Pippin is a triploid cultivar of apple.-Synonyms:Essex Pippin, Beautiful Pippin, Formosa, Glory of York, Ribstone, Rockhill's Russet and Travers.-Origin:... |
Yorkshire Yorkshire Yorkshire is a historic county of northern England and the largest in the United Kingdom. Because of its great size in comparison to other English counties, functions have been increasingly undertaken over time by its subdivisions, which have also been subject to periodic reform... , England England England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental... , United Kingdom United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages... |
1707 | Yellow, flushed orange, streaked red with russet at the base and apex. Sweet with a pear taste. | Eating |
| Rome Beauty Rome apple The Rome apple is a cooking apple originating near Rome Township, Ohio in the early 19th century. It remains popular for its glossy red fruit and for its utility in cooking.-Characteristics:... |
Ohio Ohio Ohio is a Midwestern state in the United States. The 34th largest state by area in the U.S.,it is the 7th‑most populous with over 11.5 million residents, containing several major American cities and seven metropolitan areas with populations of 500,000 or more.The state's capital is Columbus... , United States United States The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district... |
19th c. | Rounded, all red, and very glossy. Flavour develops when cooked. Good keeper. | Cooking |
| Royal Gala tenroy Gala (apple) Gala is a clonally propagated apple with a mild and sweet flavor. Gala apples ranked at number 2 in 2006 on the US Apple Association's list of most popular apples, after Red Delicious and before Golden Delicious, Granny Smith, and Fuji .... |
New Zealand New Zealand New Zealand is an island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses and numerous smaller islands. The country is situated some east of Australia across the Tasman Sea, and roughly south of the Pacific island nations of New Caledonia, Fiji, and Tonga... |
1960 (apx.) | Higher-coloured selection of Gala (see above). Many commercial strains are available. | Eating |
| Rubens (Civni) Rubens apple (Civni) The Civni apple, marketed as "Rubens", is a bi-colored apple cultivar. It was first developed in 1985 as a cross of Gala and Elstar apples by the Consorzio Italiano Vivaisti , an Italian apple growers' consortium from Ferrara.... |
Italy Italy Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and... |
1985 | Sweet and crunchy; Gala × Elstar. | Eating |
| Santana | Wageningen Wageningen ' is a municipality and a historical town in the central Netherlands, in the province of Gelderland. It is famous for Wageningen University, which specializes in life sciences. The city has 37,414 inhabitants , of which many thousands are students... , Nederland Netherlands The Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders... , Europa |
1978 | Scab resistant. | Eating. |
| Saturn | Kent Kent Kent is a county in southeast England, and is one of the home counties. It borders East Sussex, Surrey and Greater London and has a defined boundary with Essex in the middle of the Thames Estuary. The ceremonial county boundaries of Kent include the shire county of Kent and the unitary borough of... , United Kingdom United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages... , Europa |
1980 | Scab resistant. | Eating. |
| Smokehouse | Pennsylvania Pennsylvania The Commonwealth of Pennsylvania is a U.S. state that is located in the Northeastern and Mid-Atlantic regions of the United States. The state borders Delaware and Maryland to the south, West Virginia to the southwest, Ohio to the west, New York and Ontario, Canada, to the north, and New Jersey to... , United States United States The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district... |
1837 | Very unusual apple. Has red-orange colouring. Tastes like cider straight off the tree. Will keep from harvest time until following spring. Probable German ancestry. Bears fruit from young age. | Eating, Cooking, Cider. |
| Snow apple (Fameuse) | Quebec Quebec Quebec or is a province in east-central Canada. It is the only Canadian province with a predominantly French-speaking population and the only one whose sole official language is French at the provincial level.... , Canada Canada Canada is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and northward into the Arctic Ocean... |
17th c. | Tender, aromatic, distinct flavour. A parent of McIntosh. | Cider, cooking, eating |
| Sonya | New Zealand New Zealand New Zealand is an island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses and numerous smaller islands. The country is situated some east of Australia across the Tasman Sea, and roughly south of the Pacific island nations of New Caledonia, Fiji, and Tonga... |
2000 | Cross between a Red Delicious and Gala. Coppery coloration. Crisp. | Eating |
| Spartan Spartan (apple) The Spartan apple is an apple cultivar developed by Dr. R.C Palmer and introduced in 1936 from the Federal Agriculture Research Station in Summerland, British Columbia, now known as the Pacific Agri-food Research Centre - Summerland. The Spartan is notable for being the first new breed of apple... |
British Columbia British Columbia British Columbia is the westernmost of Canada's provinces and is known for its natural beauty, as reflected in its Latin motto, Splendor sine occasu . Its name was chosen by Queen Victoria in 1858... , Canada Canada Canada is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and northward into the Arctic Ocean... |
1926 | Good all-purpose, medium sized apple. Has a bright red blush and may have background patches of greens and yellows. Popular across border in United States as well. | Cooking, Eating |
| Spitzenberg Esopus Spitzenburg Esopus Spitzenburg is an antique apple. It was discovered early in the 18th century near Esopus, New York, and is reputed to have been a favorite apple of Thomas Jefferson, who planted several of the trees at Monticello.... |
Esopus, New York Esopus, New York Esopus is a town in Ulster County, New York, United States. The population was 9,331 at the 2000 census. The name comes from the local Indian tribe and means "high banks."... , United States United States The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district... |
mid 18th c. | Grown by Thomas Jefferson at Monticello. Named for creek near which first seedling found. Heirloom variety still available at farmstands in Northeast and portions of Virginia. Difficult to grow for inexperienced planters. | Cooking, Eating |
| Stark Earliest | United States United States The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district... |
1938 | Does nicely in fruit salads. Red striping on light background. Ripens in summer. | Eating |
| Stayman Stayman apple A Stayman is a triploid apple cultivar which can usually be bought at a local grocery store or a local farmer's market. It is red with light russet, and light greenish-yellow flesh. There are two other varieties of Stayman apples; one is green, the other yellow. Yellow Staymans are usually ripe by... |
United States United States The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district... |
1866 | Dullish red skin often covered with a light russet. Tart, wine-like flavour. Stores well. Particularly known for tangy cider. | Cider, Cooking, Eating |
| Sturmer Pippin Sturmer Pippin -Origin:Parentage believed to be Ribston Pippin and Nonpareil.Sturmer Pippin is recorded as being presented to the Horticultural Society by Ezekiel Dillistone in 1827.. The apple takes its name from the village of Sturmer, Essex.-Description:Medium sized, bright green becoming greenish yellow... |
Suffolk Suffolk Suffolk is a non-metropolitan county of historic origin in East Anglia, England. It has borders with Norfolk to the north, Cambridgeshire to the west and Essex to the south. The North Sea lies to the east... , England England England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental... , United Kingdom United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages... |
1800 (apx.) | Yellow flesh. Flavour matures in storage. Flesh is somewhat soft rather than crunchy. | Eating |
| St Edmund's Pippin | Suffolk Suffolk Suffolk is a non-metropolitan county of historic origin in East Anglia, England. It has borders with Norfolk to the north, Cambridgeshire to the west and Essex to the south. The North Sea lies to the east... , England England England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental... , United Kingdom United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages... |
1870s | Unusual in fact that it has scaly russet patches mixed with smooth. Has vanilla/pear taste. Usually a light yellow-green. | Eating |
| Summerfree Summerfree The Summerfree apple is an apple cultivar that was first developed in Italy in the 1990s by crossing PRI 1956-6 and Ed Gould Golden apples.Resistant to scab. Spreading habit with moderate vigor, fruit is large, average weight of 175 g, skin is smooth, ripens 1-2 months before Gala, good storage... |
Italy Italy Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and... |
1998 | Resistant to scab. Spreading habit with moderate vigour, fruit is large, average weight of 175 g, skin is smooth, ripens 1–2 days before Gala, good storage ability. | Eating |
| Sunset | England England England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental... , United Kingdom United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages... |
1918 | Easy to grow. Has very similar flavour to Cox's Orange Pippin. Won't do well in heat. | Eating |
| Sweet Sixteen | Minnesota Minnesota Minnesota is a U.S. state located in the Midwestern United States. The twelfth largest state of the U.S., it is the twenty-first most populous, with 5.3 million residents. Minnesota was carved out of the eastern half of the Minnesota Territory and admitted to the Union as the thirty-second state... , United States United States The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district... |
1973 | Large fruit, some russeting near top. Moderately acidic taste. | Eating |
| SweeTango SweeTango (apple) SweeTango, a registered trademark for the fruit produced by the Minneiska trees, is the apple cultivar Minneiska. It is a newly released hybrid brand apple that debuted in 2009. The spelling of the name, SweeTango, is with one capital "T" and is one word. It is a pinkish apple consisting of a... |
Minnesota Minnesota Minnesota is a U.S. state located in the Midwestern United States. The twelfth largest state of the U.S., it is the twenty-first most populous, with 5.3 million residents. Minnesota was carved out of the eastern half of the Minnesota Territory and admitted to the Union as the thirty-second state... , United States United States The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district... |
2009 | Juicy and sweet, and viewed as a successor to the Honeycrisp by many growsers. | Eating |
| Tentation | New Zealand New Zealand New Zealand is an island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses and numerous smaller islands. The country is situated some east of Australia across the Tasman Sea, and roughly south of the Pacific island nations of New Caledonia, Fiji, and Tonga... |
1979 | look at Delblush | Eating |
| Tolman Sweet | United States United States The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district... |
1822 | Very sweet apple. Once used to make dried fruit for winter. | Cider, Cooking |
| Topaz Topaz (apple) -References:* http://www.ovocnarska-unie.cz/web/web-sispo/odrudy/jabl/topaz.htm* http://www.orangepippin.com/apples/topaz... |
Czech Republic Czech Republic The Czech Republic is a landlocked country in Central Europe. The country is bordered by Poland to the northeast, Slovakia to the east, Austria to the south, and Germany to the west and northwest.... |
1990 | (Rubin x Vanda), Scab resistant, Acidic taste. | Cider, Cooking, Eating |
| Twenty Ounce | New York New York New York is a state in the Northeastern region of the United States. It is the nation's third most populous state. New York is bordered by New Jersey and Pennsylvania to the south, and by Connecticut, Massachusetts and Vermont to the east... , United States United States The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district... |
1840 | Huge: apple weighs over one pound, or nearly 500 g. Green overlaid with broad red striping. Excellent cooker. Nice juice qualities. | Cider, Cooking, Eating |
| Tydeman's Early Worcester | England England England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental... , United Kingdom United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages... |
1929 | Mclntosh × Worcester Pearmain. Crimson over yellow background colour. | Eating |
| Tydeman's Late Orange | England England England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental... , United Kingdom United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages... |
1930 | Good storage qualities, but loses fragrance with age. | Eating |
| Wagener | New York New York New York is a state in the Northeastern region of the United States. It is the nation's third most populous state. New York is bordered by New Jersey and Pennsylvania to the south, and by Connecticut, Massachusetts and Vermont to the east... , United States United States The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district... |
1795 | Tree is scab-resistant. Green with red flush, tangy taste. Very versatile in kitchen. | Cider, Cooking, Eating |
| Warner's King | Kent Kent Kent is a county in southeast England, and is one of the home counties. It borders East Sussex, Surrey and Greater London and has a defined boundary with Essex in the middle of the Thames Estuary. The ceremonial county boundaries of Kent include the shire county of Kent and the unitary borough of... , England England England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental... , United Kingdom United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages... |
1700 (apx.) | Oblong and light green. Lip-puckering, eye-watering tart. Do not attempt to eat out of hand. | Cooking |
| Wealthy | Minnesota Minnesota Minnesota is a U.S. state located in the Midwestern United States. The twelfth largest state of the U.S., it is the twenty-first most populous, with 5.3 million residents. Minnesota was carved out of the eastern half of the Minnesota Territory and admitted to the Union as the thirty-second state... , United States United States The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district... |
1860 | Cherry Red × Sops of Wine. Pretty reddish pink coat. Believed at one time Minnesota was too cold to grow apples until "Wealthy" was cultivated. Now a parent to many apples for resistance to temperatures below freezing. Still available in upper Midwest. |
Eating |
| White Transparent White Transparent (apple) Malus domestica White Transparent is a cultivar of apple which is usually used for cooking due to its sharp taste.-History:The cultivar was widely grown during the 19th Century in Europe... |
Russia Russia Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects... |
1870 | Very pale green skin with an almost white flesh, it is very sharp in taste. Fruit bruises easily and goes soft once harvested. | Cooking |
| Winesap | United States United States The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district... |
1817 | Sweet with tangy finish. Reddish blush flecked with some green. | Cider, Eating |
| Winston | England England England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental... , United Kingdom United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages... |
1935 (apx.) | Cox Orange × Worcester Pearmain. | |
| Wolf River | Wisconsin Wisconsin Wisconsin is a U.S. state located in the north-central United States and is part of the Midwest. It is bordered by Minnesota to the west, Iowa to the southwest, Illinois to the south, Lake Michigan to the east, Michigan to the northeast, and Lake Superior to the north. Wisconsin's capital is... , United States United States The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district... |
1881 | Apple very large, some growing to size of large grapefruit. Red with yellow blush. Once very popular commercial apple in United States but presently relegated to upper Midwest if grown for profit. Occasionally can be found growing wild in backcountry thickets or abandoned land in Shenandoah Valley. Named for area where found. Feral trees can be brought back with care and pruning. | Cooking, Eating |
| Worcester Pearmain | Worcestershire Worcestershire Worcestershire is a non-metropolitan county, established in antiquity, located in the West Midlands region of England. For Eurostat purposes it is a NUTS 3 region and is one of three counties that comprise the "Herefordshire, Worcestershire and Warwickshire" NUTS 2 region... , England England England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental... , United Kingdom United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages... |
1873 | Crisp and sweet flavour when ripe. Best if eaten early in season (September). | Eating |
Cider apples
Cider appleCider apple
Cider apples are a group of apple cultivars grown for their use in cider production. In the UK the Long Ashton Research Station categorised Cider apples in 1903 into four main types according to the nature of their flavour components. For Cider production it is important that the fruit contains...
s may be far too sour or bitter for fresh eating, but are used for making cider
Cider
Cider or cyder is a fermented alcoholic beverage made from apple juice. Cider varies in alcohol content from 2% abv to 8.5% abv or more in traditional English ciders. In some regions, such as Germany and America, cider may be termed "apple wine"...
. Some apples (especially older ones from the U.S. and Canada) are used for both cider and eating purposes.
| Common name | Origin | First developed |
|---|---|---|
| Baldwin Baldwin (apple) The Baldwin apple is a bright red winter apple, very good in quality, and easily shipped. It was for many years the most popular apple in New England, New York, and for export from America.-History:... |
Wilmington, Massachusetts Wilmington, Massachusetts Wilmington is a town in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 22,325 at the 2010 census.-History:Wilmington was first settled in 1665 and was officially incorporated in 1730, from parts of Woburn, Reading and Billerica. Minutemen from Wilmington responded to the alarm... |
ca. 1740 |
| Brown Snout Brown Snout Brown Snout is a 19th-century variety of cider apple originating in Herefordshire in the United Kingdom, though now grown in other counties and parts of the world.-History:... |
Herefordshire Herefordshire Herefordshire is a historic and ceremonial county in the West Midlands region of England. For Eurostat purposes it is a NUTS 3 region and is one of three counties that comprise the "Herefordshire, Worcestershire and Gloucestershire" NUTS 2 region. It also forms a unitary district known as the... , England |
ca. 1850 |
| Dabinett Dabinett Dabinett is a variety of apple, customarily used in Somerset for making cider.-History:Dabinett probably dates from the early 1900s, when it was found by William Dabinett growing as a wilding in a hedge at Middle Lambrook, South Petherton, Somerset... |
Somerset, England | late C19 |
| Dymock Red | Gloucestershire | |
| Foxwhelp Foxwhelp The Foxwhelp is a very old cider apple cultivar, originating in the west Midlands of England.-History:This is one of the oldest surviving varieties of cider apple; it is first mentioned in John Evelyn's Advertisements Concerning Cider in his work Pomona of 1664, in which it is commented that "cider... |
Gloucestershire Gloucestershire Gloucestershire is a county in South West England. The county comprises part of the Cotswold Hills, part of the flat fertile valley of the River Severn, and the entire Forest of Dean.... , England |
ca. 1600 |
| Hagloe Crab | ||
| Kingston Black Kingston Black Apple The Kingston Black Apple is a cultivar of apple originating from the United Kingdom. It is often used in making cider. The apples are medium in size and red, despite its name.... |
Near Taunton, Somerset, England | late C19 |
| Redstreak Redstreak The Redstreak, also spelt Redstrake, Red Streak or Red-streak, is or was a very old variety of cider apple formerly commonly planted in England.... |
Herefordshire Herefordshire Herefordshire is a historic and ceremonial county in the West Midlands region of England. For Eurostat purposes it is a NUTS 3 region and is one of three counties that comprise the "Herefordshire, Worcestershire and Gloucestershire" NUTS 2 region. It also forms a unitary district known as the... , England |
ca. 1630 |
| Roxbury Russet Roxbury Russet The Roxbury Russet is an apple cultivar. It is believed to be the oldest variety of apple bred in the United States, having first been discovered and named in the mid-17th century in the former Town of Roxbury, part of the Massachusetts Bay Colony southwest of Boston.It is a greyish-green russet... |
Massachusetts Massachusetts The Commonwealth of Massachusetts is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States of America. It is bordered by Rhode Island and Connecticut to the south, New York to the west, and Vermont and New Hampshire to the north; at its east lies the Atlantic Ocean. As of the 2010... |
ca. 1640s |
| Stoke Red | Rodney Stoke, Somerset, England | early C20 |
| Tremlett's Bitter | Exe Valley River Exe The River Exe in England rises near the village of Simonsbath, on Exmoor in Somerset, near the Bristol Channel coast, but flows more or less directly due south, so that most of its length lies in Devon. It reaches the sea at a substantial ria, the Exe Estuary, on the south coast of Devon... , U.K. |
ca. 1820 |
| Vista Bella | Rutgers University Rutgers University Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey , is the largest institution for higher education in New Jersey, United States. It was originally chartered as Queen's College in 1766. It is the eighth-oldest college in the United States and one of the nine Colonial colleges founded before the American... , (New Brunswick, New Jersey New Brunswick, New Jersey New Brunswick is a city in Middlesex County, New Jersey, USA. It is the county seat and the home of Rutgers University. The city is located on the Northeast Corridor rail line, southwest of Manhattan, on the southern bank of the Raritan River. At the 2010 United States Census, the population of... ) |
1944 |
| Winesap | USA | ca. 1817 |
| Yeovil Sour | Yeovil, Somerset | ca. 1824 |
Rootstock cultivars
Rootstock
A rootstock is a plant, and sometimes just the stump, which already has an established, healthy root system, used for grafting a cutting or budding from another plant. The tree part being grafted onto the rootstock is usually called the scion...
cultivars can be difficult: vigorous roots tend to give trees that are healthy but grow too tall to be harvested easily without careful pruning, while dwarfing
Dwarfing
Dwarfing is a characteristic in plants and animals whereby one or more members of a breed or cultivar are significantly smaller than standard members of their species...
rootstocks result in small trees that are easy to harvest from, but are often shorter-lived and sometimes less healthy. Most modern commercial orchard
Orchard
An orchard is an intentional planting of trees or shrubs that is maintained for food production. Orchards comprise fruit or nut-producing trees which are grown for commercial production. Orchards are also sometimes a feature of large gardens, where they serve an aesthetic as well as a productive...
s use one of the "Malling series
Malling series
-History:Rootstocks used to control tree size have been used in apple for over 2,000 years. Dwarfing rootstocks were probably discovered by chance in Asia. Alexander the Great sent samples of dwarf apple trees back to his teacher, Aristotle in Greece...
" (aka 'M' series), introduced or developed by the East Malling Research Station
East Malling Research Station
East Malling Research is a now private company located in East Malling, Kent in England.-History:A research station was established on the East Malling site in 1913 on the impetus of local fruit growers. The original buildings are still in use today...
from the early 20th century onward. However, a great deal of work has been done recently introducing new rootstocks in Poland, the U.S. (Geneva), and other nations. The Polish rootstocks are often used where cold hardiness in needed. The Geneva series of rootstocks has been developed to resist important diseases such as fireblight and collar rot, as well as for high fruit productivity.
Further reading
Two of the most comprehensive publications on apple cultivars are:- The New Book of Apples (ISBN 0-09-188398-9) by Dr Joan Morgan of The National Fruit Collection and Alison Richards.
- Directory of Apple Cultivars (ISBN 1-874275-40-8) by Martin Crawford of The Agroforestry Research Trust
- For Cider apples - "A Somerset Pomona" [ISBN 1-874336-87-3] by Liz Copas
External links
- Over 700 apple variety listings from AllAboutApples.com.
- Apple Journal
- Apple flavours and descriptions from OrangePippin.com
- Smithsonian article on U.S. heirloom variety situation
- PRI (Purdue Univ., Rutgers State Univ. of New Jersey, and the Univ. of Illinois) breeding program, responsible for many new varieties
- Online southeast U.S. variety list
- New apple varieties
- Old Italian varieties of apple
- Tree Guide - Early Harvest Apple