The following list of Indian monarchs is one of several lists of incumbents.

Early mythical and later documented rulers and dynasties

Dynasty

A dynasty is a sequence of rulers considered members of the same family. Historians traditionally consider many sovereign states' history within a framework of successive dynasties, e.g., China, Ancient Egypt and the Persian Empire...

 who are deemed to have ruled a portion of the Indian subcontinent

Indian subcontinent

The Indian subcontinent, also Indian Subcontinent, Indo-Pak Subcontinent or South Asian Subcontinent is a region of the Asian continent on the Indian tectonic plate from the Hindu Kush or Hindu Koh, Himalayas and including the Kuen Lun and Karakoram ranges, forming a land mass which extends...

 and were based in South Asia

South Asia

South Asia, also known as Southern Asia, is the southern region of the Asian continent, which comprises the sub-Himalayan countries and, for some authorities , also includes the adjoining countries to the west and the east...

 are included in this list.

For more information, see History of South Asia

History of South Asia

The term South Asia refers to the contemporary political entities of the Indian subcontinent and associated island. These are the states of India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nepal, Bhutan and the island nations of Sri Lanka and the Maldives....

.

Chandravanshi-Bharata-Puru-Kuru-Pandava-Kshemaka Dynasty (c. 1700 BC – 1026 AD)

Please note that these dates are debated among scholars of Indology

Indology

Indology is the academic study of the history and cultures, languages, and literature of the Indian subcontinent , and as such is a subset of Asian studies....

.

Bharata Dynasty (c. 3300–1400 BC)

• Sudyumna
• Yayati, great-grandson of Sudyumna
• Jain Tirthankar
  Tirthankar
  In Jainism, a ' |ford]]-Maker", ) is a human being who achieves moksa through asceticism and who then becomes a role-model and teacher for those seeking spiritual guidance....
  
   Rishabdev, father of Bharata
• Bharata, son of King Dushyanta
  Dushyanta
  Dushyant or Dushyanta was a great king in classical Indian literature and mythology. He is the husband of Shakuntala and the father of the Emperor Bharatha. He appears in the Mahabarata and in Kalidasa's play The Recognition of Sakuntala .-Historical king:According to the Mahābhārata, Dushyanta is...
  
  ; India's native name Bharatavarsha (Bharat) is coined after him
• Bhimanyu, son of Bharata
• Sudas
• Rsabha
• Srestha
• Vidura
• Bharata Muni
• Artha-Vinirnayah (until c. 1400 BC)

Puru Dynasty

Puru

The Purus were a tribe, or a confederation of tribes, mentioned many times in the Rigveda, formed around 3180 BCE. RV 7.96.2 locates them at the banks of the Sarasvati River. There were several factions of Purus, one being the Bharatas...

 (c. 1400–1200 BC)

• Puru-rava Aila (from c. 1400 BC), descendant of the Bharata dynasty
• Ayu
• Yayati Nahushya
• Dauhshanti Saudyumni
• Ajamidha
• Riksha
• Trasadasyu
• Samavarana (until c. 1200 BC)

Kuru Dynasty (c. 1400–450 BC)

• Kuru-Sravana (from c. 1200 BC), son of Puru king Samavarana, featured in the ancient epic Mahabharata
  Mahabharata
  The Mahabharata is one of the two major Sanskrit epics of ancient India and Nepal, the other being the Ramayana. The epic is part of itihasa....
  
   (see Kuru (Hindu mythology))
• Uchchaihsravas Kaupayeya
• Prati sutvana
• Bahlika Pratipeya
• Santanu
  Santanu
  Shantanu was a Kuru king of Hastinapura, who is mentioned in the great epic of the Mahābhārata. He was a descendant of the Bharata race, of the lunar dynasty and the ancestor of the Pandavas and the Kauravas. The Rigveda mentions Shantanu. He was the youngest son of King Pratipa of Hastinapura...
  
  
• Chitrāngada
  Chitrangada
  Chitrāngada , was the elder son of Shantanu and Satyavati. Since his elder half brother Bhishma took a vow of not ascending the throne of Hastinapura, he became the king after Shantanu and was very successful. Unfortunately, his success angered a Gandharva king of the same name...
  
  
• Vichitravirya
  Vichitravirya
  Vichitravirya in the Hindu epic Mahabharata is the younger son of queen Satyavatī and king Śaṅtanu. His elder brother, Chitrāngada, had initially succeeded their father to the throne of Hastinapura, but when he died childless, Vichitravirya succeeded him.Vichitravirya was still a child when he was...
  
   the last scion of the Kuru dynasty, died issueless
• Satyavati
  Satyavati
  Satyavati was the queen of the Kuru king Shantanu of Hastinapur and the great-grandmother of the Pandava and Kaurava princes . She is also the mother of the seer Vyasa, author of the epic...
  
   wife of King Santanu, ruled after Vichitravirya's untimely death
• Pandu
  Pandu
  In the Mahābhārata epic, King Pandu is the son of Ambalika and Rishi Ved Vyasa. He is more popularly known as the father of the Pandavas and ruled Hastinapur.-Birth:...
  
   son of sage Rishi Ved Vyasa
  Vyasa
  Vyasa is a central and revered figure in most Hindu traditions. He is also sometimes called Veda Vyasa , or Krishna Dvaipayana...
  
   (who was son of queen Satyavati
  Satyavati
  Satyavati was the queen of the Kuru king Shantanu of Hastinapur and the great-grandmother of the Pandava and Kaurava princes . She is also the mother of the seer Vyasa, author of the epic...
  
  )
• Dhritarashtra
  Dhritarashtra
  In the Mahābhārata, Dhritarashtra was King of Hastinapur at the time of the Kurukshetra War, the epic's climactic event. He was born the son of Vichitravirya's first wife Ambika, and was fathered by Vyasa. He was blind from birth, and became father to a hundred children by his wife Gandhari...
  
   son of sage Rishi Ved Vyasa
  Vyasa
  Vyasa is a central and revered figure in most Hindu traditions. He is also sometimes called Veda Vyasa , or Krishna Dvaipayana...
  
   (who was son of queen Satyavati
  Satyavati
  Satyavati was the queen of the Kuru king Shantanu of Hastinapur and the great-grandmother of the Pandava and Kaurava princes . She is also the mother of the seer Vyasa, author of the epic...
  
  )

Pandava/Gadu/Sandrocotto Dynasty (c. 1200–1100 BC)

• Yudhishtra Pandava son of king Pandu
  Pandu
  In the Mahābhārata epic, King Pandu is the son of Ambalika and Rishi Ved Vyasa. He is more popularly known as the father of the Pandavas and ruled Hastinapur.-Birth:...
  
  , succeeded Dhritarashtra after the Kurukshetra War
  Kurukshetra war
  According to the Indian epic poem Mahābhārata, a dynastic succession struggle between two groups of cousins of an Indo-Aryan kingdom called Kuru, the Kauravas and Pandavas, for the throne of Hastinapura resulted in the Kurukshetra War in which a number of ancient kingdoms participated as allies of...
  
  
• Parikshit, featured in the Mahabharata
  Mahabharata
  The Mahabharata is one of the two major Sanskrit epics of ancient India and Nepal, the other being the Ramayana. The epic is part of itihasa....
  
   as the grandson of Arjuna
  Arjuna
  Arjuna in Indian mythology is the greatest warrior on earth and is one of the Pandavas, the heroes of the Hindu epic Mahābhārata. Arjuna, whose name means 'bright', 'shining', 'white' or 'silver' Arjuna (Devanagari: अर्जुन, Thai: อรชุน, Orachun, Tamil: Arjunan, Indonesian and Javanese: Harjuna,...
  
   Pandava
  Pandava
  In the Hindu epic Mahābhārata, the Pandava are the five acknowledged sons of Pandu , by his two wives Kunti and Madri. Their names are Yudhisthira, Bhima, Arjuna, Nakula and Sahadeva. Although, Karna is told by Lord Krishna that according to the laws and ethics he is the first son of Kunti making...
  
   (a central character)
• Janamejaya (until c. 1000 BC), son of Parikshit Pandava
• Udayana
• Kshemaka known as the last descendant of Yudhishtra Pandava (28th in descent from Yudhishtra Pandava)
• Uttungabhuja (Tunga) - son of Somendra (Sunga) and grandson of Kshemaka, moved to the Godavari area in south India. Progenitor of the Kakatiya Dynasty of Warangal
• Kavinda, son of Kamsa/Jarasnadh daughter, Kunti's step-son
• Korayvya (c. 600–550 BC)
• Dhananjaya (c. 550–500 BC), said to be a descendant of Yudhishtra Pandava
  Pandava
  In the Hindu epic Mahābhārata, the Pandava are the five acknowledged sons of Pandu , by his two wives Kunti and Madri. Their names are Yudhisthira, Bhima, Arjuna, Nakula and Sahadeva. Although, Karna is told by Lord Krishna that according to the laws and ethics he is the first son of Kunti making...
  
   (a central character in the Mahabharata)
• Ratthapala (c. 500–450 BC), embraced Buddhism
  Buddhism
  Buddhism is a religion and philosophy encompassing a variety of traditions, beliefs and practices, largely based on teachings attributed to Siddhartha Gautama, commonly known as the Buddha . The Buddha lived and taught in the northeastern Indian subcontinent some time between the 6th and 4th...
  
  , the Kuru kingdom soon became a republic
• Ambhi (Omphis/Taxiles
  Taxiles
  Taksxila was the Greek chroniclers' name for a prince or king who reigned over the tract between the Indus and the Hydaspes Rivers in the Punjab at the period of the expedition of Alexander the Great, 327 BC...
  
   in Greek
  Greek language
  Greek is an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages. Native to the southern Balkans, it has the longest documented history of any Indo-European language, spanning 34 centuries of written records. Its writing system has been the Greek alphabet for the majority of its history;...
  
  ) (until c. 320 BC), descendant of the Raghu Bharat, younger brother of Lord Rama, ruled Taxila
  Taxila
  Taxila is a Tehsil in the Rawalpindi District of Punjab province of Pakistan. It is an important archaeological site.Taxila is situated about northwest of Islamabad Capital Territory and Rawalpindi in Panjab; just off the Grand Trunk Road...
  
   (Takshashila) in Pakistan
  Pakistan
  Pakistan , officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan is a sovereign state in South Asia. It has a coastline along the Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Oman in the south and is bordered by Afghanistan and Iran in the west, India in the east and China in the far northeast. In the north, Tajikistan...
  
  , surrendered to Alexander
• Por (King Porus in Greek Chronicles) (until c. 320 BC), descendant of the Pandava dynasty
  Pandava
  In the Hindu epic Mahābhārata, the Pandava are the five acknowledged sons of Pandu , by his two wives Kunti and Madri. Their names are Yudhisthira, Bhima, Arjuna, Nakula and Sahadeva. Although, Karna is told by Lord Krishna that according to the laws and ethics he is the first son of Kunti making...
  
  , ruled Jhelum
  Jhelum River
  Jehlum River or Jhelum River , ) is a river that flows in India and Pakistan. It is the largest and most western of the five rivers of Punjab, and passes through Jhelum District...
  
   (Hydaspes) and Chenab in Pakistan
  Pakistan
  Pakistan , officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan is a sovereign state in South Asia. It has a coastline along the Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Oman in the south and is bordered by Afghanistan and Iran in the west, India in the east and China in the far northeast. In the north, Tajikistan...
  
  , fought Alexander in the Battle of the Hydaspes River
  Battle of the Hydaspes River
  The Battle of the Hydaspes River was fought by Alexander the Great in 326 BC against King Porus of the Hindu Paurava kingdom on the banks of the Hydaspes River in the Punjab near Bhera in what is now modern-day Pakistan...
  
  
• Malayaketu (c. 320–316 BC), son of Rai Por (Porus), killed in the Battle of Gabiene
  Battle of Gabiene
  Battle of Gabiene was a second great battle between two of Alexander the Great's successors: Antigonus and Eumenes in the wars of the Diadochi.-Background:...
  
  

Janjua Shahi

Shahi

The Shahi , Sahi, also called Shahiya dynasties ruled one of the Middle kingdoms of India which included portions of the Kabulistan and the old province of Gandhara , from the decline of the Kushan Empire in the 3rd century to the early 9th century...

 Dynasty (964–1026 AD)

• Jayapala
  Jayapala
  Jayapala Janjua Shahi, the son of Asatapala and father of Anandapal, was the first king and founder of the Hindushahi dynasty of Afghanistan and Northwest Pakistan. He succeeded the last Brahman Shahi king Bhimadeva in about 964 CE, and thus began the Janjua Rajput phase of Shahiya Dynasties...
  
   (964–1001), son of Asatapala deva, descendant of the Pandava dynasty
  Pandava
  In the Hindu epic Mahābhārata, the Pandava are the five acknowledged sons of Pandu , by his two wives Kunti and Madri. Their names are Yudhisthira, Bhima, Arjuna, Nakula and Sahadeva. Although, Karna is told by Lord Krishna that according to the laws and ethics he is the first son of Kunti making...
  
  
• Anandapala (c. 1001–1011), son of Jayapala
• Trilochanpala (c. 1011–1022), son of Anandapala, assassinated in 1021–1022
• Bhímapála (c. 1022–1026), son of Tirlochanpala

Brihadratha Dynasty

Legendary Kings of Magadha

The Magadha empire was established very likely by semi-mythical king Jarasandha who was, as it stated in the Puranas, a son of Brihadratha, one of the descendants of eponymical Puru. Jarasandha appears in the Mahabharatha as the "Magadhan Emperor who rules all India" and meets with an unceremonious...

 (c. 1700–799 BC)

• Brihadratha
• Jarasandha
  Jarasandha
  Jarasandha was a great and legendary king of Magadha. He was the son of a vedic king named Brihadratha. He was also a great devotee of Lord Shiva. But he is generally held in negative light owing to his enmity with the Yadav clan in the Mahābhārata....
  
  
• Sahadeva
  Sahadeva
  Sahadeva was one of the five Pandava brothers according to the epic Mahābhārata. He was one of the twin sons of Madri, who invoked Ashvins using a mantra shared by Kunti for a son. His twin brother was named Nakula...
  
  
• Somapi (1678–1618 BC)
• Srutasravas (1618–1551 BC)
• Ayutayus (1551–1515 BC)
• Niramitra (1515–1415 BC)
• Sukshatra (1415–1407 BC)
• Brihatkarman (1407–1384 BC)
• Senajit (1384–1361 BC)
• Srutanjaya (1361–321 BC)
• Vipra (1321–1296 BC)
• Suchi (1296–1238 BC)
• Kshemya (1238–1210 BC)
• Subrata
  Subrata
  Subrata , also Subroto, is a common name in India, especially among Bengali people. The name is also somewhat common in Indonesia, as many people have Sanskrit derived names there as well Subrata (Hindi: सबराता, Bengali: সুব্রত), also Subroto, is a common name in India, especially among Bengali...
  
   (1210–1150 BC)
• Dharma (1150–1145 BC)
• Susuma (1145–1107 BC)
• Dridhasena (1107–1059 BC)
• Sumati (1059–1026 BC)
• Subhala (1026–1004 BC)
• Sunita (1004–964 BC)
• Satyajit (964–884 BC)
• Biswajit (884–849 BC)
• Ripunjaya (849–799 BC)

Haryanka/Shishunaga Dynasty (684–424 BC)

• Bimbisara
  Bimbisara
  Bimbisara was a King, and later, Emperor of the Magadha empire from 543 BC to his death and belonged to the Hariyanka dynasty.-Career:There are many accounts of Bimbisara in the Jain texts and the Buddhist Jatakas, since he was a contemporary of Mahavira and Gautama Buddha. He was the king of...
  
   (544–491 BC), founder of the first Magadhan empire
• Ajatashatru
  Ajatashatru
  Ajatasatru was a king of the Magadha empire in north India. He was the son of King Bimbisara, the Great Monarch of Magadha. He was contemporary to Mahavira and Buddha. He took over the kingdom of Magadha from his father forcefully by imprisoning him...
  
   (491–461 BC)
• Udayin
• Anirudha
• Mund
• Darshaka (from 461 BC)
• Nagdashak (last ruler of the Haryanka dynasty)
• Shishunaga
  Shishunaga
  Shishunaga was the founder of the Shishunaga dynasty of the Magadha Empire in the present day northern India. Initially, he was an amatya of the Magadha empire under the Haryanka dynasty. He was placed on the throne by the people who revolted against the Haryanka dynasty rule...
  
   (412–344 BC), established the Magadha Kingdom
  Magadha Kingdom
  Magadha was a kingdom ruled by non-Vedic kings. Jarasandha was the greatest among them during epic times. His capital was Rajagriha or Rajgir a modern hill resort in Bihar. Jarasandha's continuous assault on the Yadava kingdom of Surasena resulted in their withdrawal from central India to western...
  
  
• Kakavarna
• Kshemadharman
• Kshatraujas
• Nandivardhana
• Mahanandin
  Mahanandin
  Mahanandin was a king of the Shishunaga dynasty. The dynasty ruled parts of ancient India around the city of Patliputra...
  
   (until 424 BC), his empire was inherited by his illegitimate son Mahapadma Nanda

Shakya

Shakya

Shakya was an ancient janapada of India in the 1st millennium BCE. In Buddhist texts the Shakyas, the inhabitants of Shakya janapada, are mentioned as a clan of Gotama gotra....

 Dynasty (c. 650–500 BC)

• Sinahana
• Suddhodana
  Suddhodana
  King Suddhodana was the father of Siddhartha Gautama, later known as the Buddha. He was a leader of the Shakya people, who lived in southern Nepal. Suddhodana's father was Sinahana...
  
   Gautama (c. 600–500 BC), king of the Shakyas, father of Siddhartha Gautama (Buddha
  Gautama Buddha
  Siddhārtha Gautama was a spiritual teacher from the Indian subcontinent, on whose teachings Buddhism was founded. In most Buddhist traditions, he is regarded as the Supreme Buddha Siddhārtha Gautama (Sanskrit: सिद्धार्थ गौतम; Pali: Siddhattha Gotama) was a spiritual teacher from the Indian...
  
  )
• Maya
  Queen Maya
  Queen Māyā of Sakya was the birth mother of the historical Gautama Buddha, Siddhārtha of the Gautama gotra, and sister of Mahāpajāpatī Gotamī the first Buddhist nun ordained by the Buddha. "Māyā" means "illusion" or "enchantment" in Sanskrit and Pāli. Māyā is also called Mahāmāyā and Māyādevī...
  
   (c. 600–500 BC), queen of the Shakyas, wife and cousin of Suddhodana, mother of Siddhartha
• Suprahuddha (c. 600–500 BC), lord of Devadaha Castle, brother of Maya, father of princess Yashodhara (wife of Buddha)

Nanda Dynasty

Nanda Dynasty

The Nanda Empire originated from the region of Magadha in Ancient India during the 5th and 4th centuries BC. At its greatest extent, the Nanda Empire extended from Bengal in the east, to Punjab in the west and as far south as the Vindhya Range...

 (424–321 BC)

• Mahapadma Nanda
  Mahapadma Nanda
  Mahapadma Nanda was the first king of the Nanda dynasty. He was the son of Mahanandin, a Kshatriya father from the Shishunaga dynasty, with a shudra wife. Sons of Mahanandin from his Kshatriya wives opposed the rise of Mahapadma Nanda, on which he eliminated all of them to claim the throne...
  
   (from 424 BC), illegitimate son of Mahanandin
  Mahanandin
  Mahanandin was a king of the Shishunaga dynasty. The dynasty ruled parts of ancient India around the city of Patliputra...
  
  , founded the Nanda Empire
  Nanda Dynasty
  The Nanda Empire originated from the region of Magadha in Ancient India during the 5th and 4th centuries BC. At its greatest extent, the Nanda Empire extended from Bengal in the east, to Punjab in the west and as far south as the Vindhya Range...
  
   after inheriting Mahanandin's empire
• Pandhuka
• Panghupati
• Bhutapala
• Rashtrapala
• Govishanaka
• Dashasidkhaka
• Kaivarta
• Dhana (Agrammes, Xandrammes) (until 321 BC), lost his empire to Chandragupta Maurya
  Chandragupta Maurya
  Chandragupta Maurya , was the founder of the Maurya Empire. Chandragupta succeeded in conquering most of the Indian subcontinent. Chandragupta is considered the first unifier of India and its first genuine emperor...
  
   after being defeated by him

Maurya Dynasty

Maurya Empire

The Maurya Empire was a geographically extensive Iron Age historical power in ancient India, ruled by the Mauryan dynasty from 321 to 185 BC...

 (324–184 BC)

• Chandragupta Maurya
  Chandragupta Maurya
  Chandragupta Maurya , was the founder of the Maurya Empire. Chandragupta succeeded in conquering most of the Indian subcontinent. Chandragupta is considered the first unifier of India and its first genuine emperor...
  
   (Sandrakottos) (324–301 BC), founded the Mauryan Empire after defeating both the Nanda Empire
  Nanda Dynasty
  The Nanda Empire originated from the region of Magadha in Ancient India during the 5th and 4th centuries BC. At its greatest extent, the Nanda Empire extended from Bengal in the east, to Punjab in the west and as far south as the Vindhya Range...
  
   and the Macedonian
  Ancient Macedonians
  The Macedonians originated from inhabitants of the northeastern part of the Greek peninsula, in the alluvial plain around the rivers Haliacmon and lower Axios...
  
   Seleucid Empire
  Seleucid Empire
  The Seleucid Empire was a Greek-Macedonian state that was created out of the eastern conquests of Alexander the Great. At the height of its power, it included central Anatolia, the Levant, Mesopotamia, Persia, today's Turkmenistan, Pamir and parts of Pakistan.The Seleucid Empire was a major centre...
  
  , claimed descent from the Shakya
  Shakya
  Shakya was an ancient janapada of India in the 1st millennium BCE. In Buddhist texts the Shakyas, the inhabitants of Shakya janapada, are mentioned as a clan of Gotama gotra....
  
   dynasty
• Bindusara Amitraghata (301–273 BC)
• Ashoka Vardhana (Ashoka the Great) (273–232 BC), considered the greatest ancient India
  History of India
  The history of India begins with evidence of human activity of Homo sapiens as long as 75,000 years ago, or with earlier hominids including Homo erectus from about 500,000 years ago. The Indus Valley Civilization, which spread and flourished in the northwestern part of the Indian subcontinent from...
  
  n emperor, first emperor to unify India (after conquering most of South Asia
  South Asia
  South Asia, also known as Southern Asia, is the southern region of the Asian continent, which comprises the sub-Himalayan countries and, for some authorities , also includes the adjoining countries to the west and the east...
  
   and Afghanistan
  Afghanistan
  Afghanistan , officially the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, is a landlocked country located in the centre of Asia, forming South Asia, Central Asia and the Middle East. With a population of about 29 million, it has an area of , making it the 42nd most populous and 41st largest nation in the world...
  
  ), adopted Buddhism
  Buddhism
  Buddhism is a religion and philosophy encompassing a variety of traditions, beliefs and practices, largely based on teachings attributed to Siddhartha Gautama, commonly known as the Buddha . The Buddha lived and taught in the northeastern Indian subcontinent some time between the 6th and 4th...
  
  , granted animal rights
  Animal rights
  Animal rights, also known as animal liberation, is the idea that the most basic interests of non-human animals should be afforded the same consideration as the similar interests of human beings...
  
   and promoted non-violence
• Dasaratha
  Dasaratha Maurya
  Dasaratha Maurya was the Emperor of the Mauryan dynasty from 232 BCE to 224 BCE.-Accession:According to the Matsya Purana , Dasaratha succeeded his paternal grandfather Ashoka the Great as ruler of the Mauryan empire. was only about twenty years old, when he ascended the throne of the Mauryan...
  
   (232–224 BC)
• Samprati
  Samprati
  Samrat Samprati was an emperor of Maurya dynasty who reigned from c.224–215 BCE. He was the son of Ashoka's blind son, Kunala. He succeeded his cousin, Dasharatha as emperor of the Mauryan Empire and ruled almost the entire present-day Indian subcontinent....
  
   (224–215 BC)
• Salisuka
  Salisuka
  Salisuka Maurya was a ruler of the Indian Mauryan dynasty. He ruled from 215-202 BCE. He was the successor of Samprati Maurya. While Yuga Purana section of the Gargi Samhita mentions him as quarrelsome, unrighteous ruler, he is also called as being of 'Righteous words' but 'unrighteous conduct'...
  
   (215–202 BC)
• Devavarman
  Devavarman
  Devavarman Maurya was a king of the Mauryan empire. He ruled from 202 - 195 BCE. According to the Puranas, he was the successor of Salisuka Maurya and reigned for seven years. He was succeeded by Satadhanvan Maurya.-Notes:...
  
   (202–195 BC)
• Satadhanvan
  Satadhanvan
  Satadhanvan Maurya was a king of the Mauryan dynasty. He ruled from 195-187 BCE. According to the Puranas, he was the successor of Devavarman Maurya and reigned for eight years. During his time, the empire lost some of its territories because of invasions. He was succeeded by Brihadratha...
  
   (195–187 BC), the Mauryan Empire had shrunk by the time of his reign
• Brhadratha (187–184 BC), assassinated by Pusyamitra Shunga
  Pusyamitra Sunga
  Pusyamitra Sunga was the founder and first King of the Sunga Dynasty in Northern India.Pusyamitra Sunga was originally a Senapati of the Mauryan empire. In 185 BCE he assassinated the last Mauryan Emperor during an army review, and proclaimed himself King...
  
  

Shunga Dynasty

Sunga Empire

The Sunga Empire or Shunga Empire was a royal Indian dynasty from Magadha that controlled vast areas of the Indian Subcontinent from around 185 to 73 BCE. The dynasty was established by Pusyamitra Sunga, after the fall of the Maurya Empire...

 (185–73 BC)

• Pusyamitra Shunga
  Pusyamitra Sunga
  Pusyamitra Sunga was the founder and first King of the Sunga Dynasty in Northern India.Pusyamitra Sunga was originally a Senapati of the Mauryan empire. In 185 BCE he assassinated the last Mauryan Emperor during an army review, and proclaimed himself King...
  
   (185–149 BC), founded the dynasty after assassinating Brhadratha
• Agnimitra
  Agnimitra
  Agnimitra was the second King of the Sunga Dynasty of northern India. He succeeded his father, Pusyamitra Sunga, in 149 BCE...
  
   (149–141 BC), son and successor of Pusyamitra
• Vasujyeshtha (141–131 BC)
• Vasumitra (131–124 BC)
• Andhraka (124–122 BC)
• Pulindaka (122–119 BC)
• Ghosha
• Vajramitra
• Bhagabhadra
  Bhagabhadra
  Bhagabhadra was one of the kings of the Indian Sunga dynasty. He ruled in north, central, and eastern India around 110 BCE. Although the capital of the Sungas was at Pataliputra, he was also known to have held court at Vidisha....
  
   (c. 110 BC), mentioned by the Puranas
  Puranas
  The Puranas are a genre of important Hindu, Jain and Buddhist religious texts, notably consisting of narratives of the history of the universe from creation to destruction, genealogies of kings, heroes, sages, and demigods, and descriptions of Hindu cosmology, philosophy, and geography.Puranas...
  
  
• Devabhuti
  Devabhuti
  Devabhuti was the last king of the Sunga Empire in ancient India. He was assassinated by his minister Vasudeva Kanva and is said to have been overfond of the company of women....
  
   (83–73 BC), the last Sunga king

Kanva Dynasty

Kanva dynasty

The Kanva dynasty replaced the Sunga dynasty in Magadha, and ruled in the eastern part of India from 75 BCE to 26 BCE.The last ruler of the Sunga dynasty was overthrown by Vasudeva of the Kanva dynasty in 75 BC. The Kanva ruler allowed the kings of the Sunga dynasty to continue to rule in obscurity...

 (73–26 BC)

• Vasudeva
  Vasudeva Kanva
  Vasudeva Kanva was the founder of the Kanva dynasty. He was originally an Amatya of last Sunga ruler Devabhuti. Bana's Harshacharita informs us that he came to power after the death of Devabhuti by a daughter of his slave woman disguised as his queen...
  
   (c. 75 – c. 66 BCE)
• Bhumimitra (c. 66 – c. 52 BCE)
• Narayana (c. 52 – c. 40 BCE)
• Susarman (c. 40 – c. 26 BCE)

Western Kshatrapas

Western Kshatrapas

The Western Satraps, Western Kshatrapas, or Kshaharatas were Saka rulers of the western and central part of India...

 (from 119 AD)

• Nahapana
  Nahapana
  Nahapana was an important ruler of the Western Kshatrapas, descendant of the Indo-Scythians, in northwestern India. According to one of his coins, he was the son of Bhumaka.-History:...
  
   (119–124 AD)
• Castanafl (c. 120)
• Rudradaman I
  Rudradaman I
  Rudradaman I was a Saka ruler from the Western Kshatrapas dynasty. He was the grandson of the celebrated Sah king Chastana. Rudradaman I was instrumental in the decline of the Satavahana Empire.- Mahakshatrapa :...
  
   (c. 130–150)
• Damajadasri I
  Damajadasri I
  Damajadasri I was a ruler of the Western Kshatrapas dynasty. His reign saw the decline of dynasty after his dominions were conquered by the Satavahanas and saw the rise of the Abhiras in the south and Malavas in the north....
  
   (170–175)
• Jivadaman
  Jivadaman
  Jivadaman was a Saka ruler of the Western Kshatrapas in northwestern India from during the 2nd century CE. He was the son of Damajadasri I , and the brother of Satyadaman....
  
   (175, d. 199)
• Rudrasimha I
  Rudrasimha I
  Rudrasimha I was a Western Kshatrapa ruler, who reigned from 178 to 197 CE. From the reign of Rudrasimha I, the date of minting of each coin, reckoned in the Saka era, is usually written on the obverse behind the king's head in Brahmi numerals, allowing for a quite precise datation of the rule of...
  
   (175–188, d. 197)
• Isvaradatta (188–191)
• Rudrasimha I
  Rudrasimha I
  Rudrasimha I was a Western Kshatrapa ruler, who reigned from 178 to 197 CE. From the reign of Rudrasimha I, the date of minting of each coin, reckoned in the Saka era, is usually written on the obverse behind the king's head in Brahmi numerals, allowing for a quite precise datation of the rule of...
  
   (restored) (191–197)
• Jivadaman
  Jivadaman
  Jivadaman was a Saka ruler of the Western Kshatrapas in northwestern India from during the 2nd century CE. He was the son of Damajadasri I , and the brother of Satyadaman....
  
   (restored) (197–199)
• Rudrasena I
  Rudrasena I
  Rudrasena I was a Saka ruler of the Western Satrap dynasty in the area of Malwa in ancient India.He is mainly known from his coins. Several have a date in Brahmi numerals on the reverse...
  
   (200–222)
• Samghadaman (222–223)
• Damasena (223–232)
• Damajadasri II (232–239) with
• Viradaman (234–238)
• Yasodaman I (239)
• Vijayasena (239–250)
• Damajadasri III (251–255)
• Rudrasena II (255–277)
• Visvasimha (277–282)
• Bhartridaman (282–295) with
• Visvasena (293–304)
• Rudrasimha II (304–348) with
• Yasodaman II (317–332)
• Rudradaman II (332–348)
• Rudrasena III (348–380)
• Simhasena (380–?)

Gupta Dynasty (c. 240–550 AD)

• Sri-Gupta I (c. 240–290), founder of the Gupta Dynasty
• Ghatotkacha
  Ghatotkacha (Gupta Ruler)
  Ghatotkacha was a pre-imperial Gupta king in northern India, the son of Maharaja Sri-Gupta, who started the Gupta dynasty. His reign is considered insignificant and he is best known as the father of Chandragupta I, the first Gupta emperor....
  
   (290–305)
• Chandra Gupta I
  Chandragupta I
  The Gupta dynasty first seems to be in eminence with the accession of Chandra Gupta I, son of Ghatotkacha to the throne of the ancestral Gupta kingdom. While his two ancestors were given the title of Maharaja , Chandra Gupta I is described in his inscriptions as Maharajadhiraj signifying a rise in...
  
   (305–335), founder of the Gupta Empire
  Gupta Empire
  The Gupta Empire was an ancient Indian empire which existed approximately from 320 to 550 CE and covered much of the Indian Subcontinent. Founded by Maharaja Sri-Gupta, the dynasty was the model of a classical civilization. The peace and prosperity created under leadership of Guptas enabled the...
  
  , which is often regarded as the golden age
  Golden Age
  The term Golden Age comes from Greek mythology and legend and refers to the first in a sequence of four or five Ages of Man, in which the Golden Age is first, followed in sequence, by the Silver, Bronze, and Iron Ages, and then the present, a period of decline...
  
   of Indian culture
• Samudra Gupta
  Samudragupta
  Samudragupta , ruler of the Gupta Empire , and successor to Chandragupta I, is considered to be one of the greatest military geniuses in Indian history according to Historian V. A. Smith. His name is taken to be a title acquired by his conquests...
  
   (335–370)
• Rama Gupta (370–375)
• Chandra Gupta II
  Chandragupta II
  Chandragupta II the Great, very often referred to as Vikramaditya or Chandragupta Vikramaditya in Sanskrit; was one of the most powerful emperors of the Gupta empire in northern India. His rule spanned c...
  
  (Chandragupta Vikramaditya) (375–415), son of Samudra Gupta, the Gupta Empire achieved its zenith under his reign, the Chinese pilgrim Fa-Hsien described Indian culture during his reign
• Kumara Gupta I
  Kumara Gupta I
  Kumaragupta I ' was a ruler of the Gupta Empire in 415–455 CE. Like his father and predecessor, Chandragupta II, Kumaragupta was an able ruler. He retained, intact, the vast empire, which extended from Bengal to Kathiawar and from the Himalayas to the Narmada. He ruled efficiently for nearly forty...
  
   (415–455)
• Skanda Gupta
  Skandagupta
  Skandagupta was a Gupta Emperor of northern India. He is generally considered the last of the great Gupta Emperors.-Rule:Skandagupta's antecedents remain unclear. Later official genealogies omit his name, and even the inscriptions of his own age omit the name of his mother...
  
   (455–467)
• Kumara Gupta II (467–477)
• Buddha Gupta (477–496)
• Chandra Gupta III (496–500)
• Vainya Gupta (500–515)
• Narasimha Gupta (515–530)
• Kumara Gupta III (530–540)
• Vishnu Gupta (c. 540–550)

Central Pandya Dynasty (c. 550 BC – 1311 AD)

• Kadunkoen (c. 550–450 BC)
• Pandion
  Pandion
  Pandion may refer to:* Pandion I and Pandion II, two kings of Athens in Greek mythology* Pandion son of Phineas in Greek mythology* Pandion, a son of Aegyptus, husband and victim of Callidice, daughter of Danaus, in Greek mythology...
  
   (c. 50 BC – 50 AD), known as Pandion to Greeks
  Ancient Greece
  Ancient Greece is a civilization belonging to a period of Greek history that lasted from the Archaic period of the 8th to 6th centuries BC to the end of antiquity. Immediately following this period was the beginning of the Early Middle Ages and the Byzantine era. Included in Ancient Greece is the...
  
   and Romans
  Ancient Rome
  Ancient Rome was a thriving civilization that grew on the Italian Peninsula as early as the 8th century BC. Located along the Mediterranean Sea and centered on the city of Rome, it expanded to one of the largest empires in the ancient world....
  
  

Early Pandyas

• Nedunj Cheliyan I (Aariyap Padai Kadantha Nedunj Cheliyan )
• Pudappandiyan
• Mudukudumi Paruvaludhi
• Nedunj Cheliyan II (Pasumpun Pandiyan)
• Nan Maran
• Nedunj Cheliyan III (Talaiyaalanganathu Seruvendra Nedunj Cheliyan )
• Maran Valudi
• Musiri Mutriya Cheliyan
• Ukkirap Peruvaluthi

First Empire

• Kadungon
  Kadungon
  Kadungon was a Pandya king who revived the Pandya rule in South India in the 7th century CE. Along with the Pallava king Simhavishnu, he is credited with ending the Kalabhra rule, marking the beginning of a new era in the Tamil speaking region. Most historians, including R. C...
  
   (c. 600–700 AD), revived the dynasty
• Maravarman Avani Culamani (590–620 AD)
• Cezhiyan Cendan (620–640 AD)
• Arikesari Maravarman Nindraseer Nedumaaran (640–674 AD)
• Kochadaiyan Ranadhiran (675–730 AD)
• Arikesari Parankusa Maravarman Rajasinga (730–765 AD)
• Parantaka Nedunjadaiyan (765–790 AD)
• Rasasingan II (790–800 AD)
• Varagunan I (800–830 AD)
• Sirmara Srivallabha (830–862 AD)
• Varaguna II (862–880 AD)
• Parantaka Viranarayana (862–905 AD)
• Rajasima Pandian II (905–920 AD)

Pandyan Revival

• Jatavarman Sundara Pandyan
  Jatavarman Sundara Pandyan
  Jatavarman Sundara Pandyan I was king and Lord Emperor of the Pandyan dynasty, ruling regions of Tamilakkam Jatavarman Sundara Pandyan I was king and Lord Emperor of the Pandyan dynasty, ruling regions of Tamilakkam Jatavarman Sundara Pandyan I was king and Lord Emperor of the Pandyan...
  
   (1251–1268), revived Pandyan glory, considered one of the greatest conquerors of Southern India
• Maravarman Sundara Pandyan
• Maravarman Kulasekaran I (1268–1308)
• Sundara Pandya (1308–1311), son of Maravarman Kulasekaran, fought with his brother Vira Pandya over the throne
• Vira Pandya (1308–1311), son of Maravarman Kulasekaran, fought with his brother of Sundara Pandya over the throne, Madurai
  Madurai
  Madurai is the third largest city in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu and one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world. It served as the capital city of the Pandyan Kingdom. It is the administrative headquarters of Madurai District and is famous for its temples built by Pandyan and...
  
   was conquered by the Khilji dynasty
  Khilji dynasty
  The Khilji Sultanate was a dynasty of Turko-Afghan Khalaj origin who ruled large parts of South Asia from 1290 - 1320. They were the second dynasty to rule the Delhi Sultanate of India...
  
  

Pandalam Dynasty (c. 1200)

• Raja Rajasekhara (c. 1200–1500), descendant of the Pandya Dynasty, father of Ayyappan
  Ayyappan
  Ayyappan is a Hindu deity worshiped in a number of shrines across India. Ayyappan is believed to be an incarnation of Dharma Sastha, who is the son of Shiva and Vishnu . The name "Ayyappan" is used as a respectful form of address in the Malayalam language, spoken in the Indian state of Kerala...
  
   (often regarded as a Hindu
  Hindu
  Hindu refers to an identity associated with the philosophical, religious and cultural systems that are indigenous to the Indian subcontinent. As used in the Constitution of India, the word "Hindu" is also attributed to all persons professing any Indian religion...
  
   deity)

Foreign Emperors in North-Western India (c. 538 BC – 750 AD)

These empires were vast, centered in Persia

Iran

Iran , officially the Islamic Republic of Iran , is a country in Southern and Western Asia. The name "Iran" has been in use natively since the Sassanian era and came into use internationally in 1935, before which the country was known to the Western world as Persia...

 or the Mediterranean; their satrap

Satrap

Satrap was the name given to the governors of the provinces of the ancient Median and Achaemenid Empires and in several of their successors, such as the Sassanid Empire and the Hellenistic empires....

ies (provinces) in India were at their outskirts.

Persian Achaemenid Dynasty (c. 538–330 BC)

• Cyrus the Great
  Cyrus the Great
  Cyrus II of Persia , commonly known as Cyrus the Great, also known as Cyrus the Elder, was the founder of the Achaemenid Empire. Under his rule, the empire embraced all the previous civilized states of the ancient Near East, expanded vastly and eventually conquered most of Southwest Asia and much...
  
   (c. 538–529 BC), established the Achaemenid Empire
  Achaemenid Empire
  The Achaemenid Empire , sometimes known as First Persian Empire and/or Persian Empire, was founded in the 6th century BCE by Cyrus the Great who overthrew the Median confederation...
  
  , conquered parts of what is now Pakistan
  Pakistan
  Pakistan , officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan is a sovereign state in South Asia. It has a coastline along the Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Oman in the south and is bordered by Afghanistan and Iran in the west, India in the east and China in the far northeast. In the north, Tajikistan...
  
  
• Cambyses II (530–521 BC)
• Smerdis (521 BC)
• Darius I (521–486 BC)
• Xerxes I (486–465 BC)
• Artaxerxes I (474–424 BC)
• Xerxes II (424–423 BC)
• Sogdianus (424–423 BC)
• Darius II
  Darius II
  Darius II , was king of the Persian Empire from 423 BC to 405 BC.Artaxerxes I, who died on December 25, 424 BC, was followed by his son Xerxes II. After a month and a half Xerxes II was murdered by his brother Secydianus or Sogdianus...
  
   (424–404 BC)
• Artaxerxes II (404–358 BC)
• Artaxerxes III (358–338 BC)
• Artaxerxes IV Arses
  Arses of Persia
  Artaxerxes IV Arses was king of Persia between 338 BC and 336 BC. He was the youngest son of King Artaxerxes III and Atossa and was not expected to succeed to the throne of Persia...
  
   (338–336 BC)
• Darius III Codomannus
  Darius III of Persia
  Darius III , also known by his given name of Codomannus, was the last king of the Achaemenid Empire of Persia from 336 BC to 330 BC....
  
   (336–330 BC), defeated by King Alexander the Great (who replaced the Achaemenid Empire
  Achaemenid Empire
  The Achaemenid Empire , sometimes known as First Persian Empire and/or Persian Empire, was founded in the 6th century BCE by Cyrus the Great who overthrew the Median confederation...
  
   with the Macedonian Empire)

Argead Dynasty

Argead dynasty

The Argead dynasty was an ancient Greek royal house. They were the ruling dynasty of Macedonia from about 700 to 310 BC. Their tradition, as described in ancient Greek historiography, traced their origins to Argos, in southern Greece...

 (326–323 BC)

• Alexander the Great (326–323 BC), founded the Macedonian Empire after conquering the Achaemenid Empire
  Achaemenid Empire
  The Achaemenid Empire , sometimes known as First Persian Empire and/or Persian Empire, was founded in the 6th century BCE by Cyrus the Great who overthrew the Median confederation...
  
  , conquered parts of what is now Pakistan
  Pakistan
  Pakistan , officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan is a sovereign state in South Asia. It has a coastline along the Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Oman in the south and is bordered by Afghanistan and Iran in the west, India in the east and China in the far northeast. In the north, Tajikistan...
  
  , fought Porus (Purushottama
  Purushottama
  Purushottama means "Supreme Purusha", "Supreme Being". Purushottama is also one of the names of the Vishnu. According to the Bhagavad Geeta, Purushottam is explained as above and beyond kshar and akshar purushas or as an omni-potent cosmic being...
  
  ) in the Battle of the Hydaspes River
  Battle of the Hydaspes River
  The Battle of the Hydaspes River was fought by Alexander the Great in 326 BC against King Porus of the Hindu Paurava kingdom on the banks of the Hydaspes River in the Punjab near Bhera in what is now modern-day Pakistan...
  
  ; his empire was quickly divided amongst the so-called diadochoi

Seleucid Diadochi (323–321 BC)

• Seleucus Nicator (323–321 BC), diadochos general who founded the Seleucid Empire
  Seleucid Empire
  The Seleucid Empire was a Greek-Macedonian state that was created out of the eastern conquests of Alexander the Great. At the height of its power, it included central Anatolia, the Levant, Mesopotamia, Persia, today's Turkmenistan, Pamir and parts of Pakistan.The Seleucid Empire was a major centre...
  
   in the eastern part of the Macedonian empire after gaining control following Alexander's death, lost his territories in Pakistan
  Pakistan
  Pakistan , officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan is a sovereign state in South Asia. It has a coastline along the Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Oman in the south and is bordered by Afghanistan and Iran in the west, India in the east and China in the far northeast. In the north, Tajikistan...
  
   and Afghanistan
  Afghanistan
  Afghanistan , officially the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, is a landlocked country located in the centre of Asia, forming South Asia, Central Asia and the Middle East. With a population of about 29 million, it has an area of , making it the 42nd most populous and 41st largest nation in the world...
  
   after being defeated by Chandragupta Maurya
  Chandragupta Maurya
  Chandragupta Maurya , was the founder of the Maurya Empire. Chandragupta succeeded in conquering most of the Indian subcontinent. Chandragupta is considered the first unifier of India and its first genuine emperor...
  
   (Sandrakottos)

Arab Umayyad Caliphate (711–750 AD)

• Muhammad bin Qasim
  Muhammad bin Qasim
  Muhammad bin Qasim Al-Thaqafi was a Umayyad general who, at the age of 17, began the conquest of the Sindh and Punjab regions along the Indus River for the Umayyad Caliphate. He was born in the city of Taif...
  
   (711–715), an Arab
  Arab
  Arab people, also known as Arabs , are a panethnicity primarily living in the Arab world, which is located in Western Asia and North Africa. They are identified as such on one or more of genealogical, linguistic, or cultural grounds, with tribal affiliations, and intra-tribal relationships playing...
  
   general, conquered Sindh
  Sindh
  Sindh historically referred to as Ba'ab-ul-Islam , is one of the four provinces of Pakistan and historically is home to the Sindhi people. It is also locally known as the "Mehran". Though Muslims form the largest religious group in Sindh, a good number of Christians, Zoroastrians and Hindus can...
  
  , Balochistan
  Balochistan (region)
  Balochistan or Baluchistan is an arid, mountainous region in the Iranian plateau in Southwest Asia; it includes part of southeastern Iran, western Pakistan, and southwestern Afghanistan. The area is named after the numerous Baloch tribes, Iranian peoples who moved into the area from the west...
  
   and southern Punjab and ruled these lands on behalf of the Ummayyid Caliph (political and spiritual leader of Islam), Al-Walid ibn Abd al-Malik
• Sulayman ibn Abd al-Malik
  Sulayman ibn Abd al-Malik
  Sulayman bin Abd al-Malik was an Umayyad caliph who ruled from 715 until 717. His father was Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan, and he was a younger brother of the previous caliph, al-Walid I.-Early years:...
  
   (715–717)
• Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz (717–720)
• Yazid ibn Abd al-Malik
  Yazid II
  Yazid bin Abd al-Malik or Yazid II was an Umayyad caliph who ruled from 720 until his death in 724.According to the medieval Persian historian Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari, Yazid came to power on the death of Umar II on February 10, 720. His forces engaged in battle the Kharijites with whom Umar...
  
   (720–724)
• Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik
  Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik
  Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik 10th Umayyad caliph who ruled from 723 until his death in 743. When he was born in 691 his mother named him after her father....
  
   (724–743)
• al-Walid ibn Yazid
  Al-Walid II
  Walid ibn Yazid or Walid II was an Umayyad caliph who ruled from 743 until 744. He succeeded his uncle, Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik....
  
   (743–744)
• Yazid ibn al-Walid
  Yazid III
  Yazid ibn al-Walid ibn 'Abd al-Malik or Yazid III was an Umayyad caliph. He reigned for six months, from April 15 to October 3 or 4, 744; and died in that office....
  
   (744)
• Ibrahim ibn al-Walid (744)
• Marwan II
  Marwan II
  Marwan ibn Muhammad ibn Marwan or Marwan II was an Umayyad caliph who ruled from 744 until 750 when he was killed. He was the last Umayyad ruler to rule from Damascus.In A.H. 114 Caliph Hisham appointed Marwan governor of Armenia and Azerbaijan. In A.H...
  
   ibn Muhammad (744–750)

Chera dynasty

Chera dynasty

Chera Dynasty in South India is one of the most ancient ruling dynasties in India. Together with the Cholas and the Pandyas, they formed the three principle warring Iron Age Tamil kingdoms in southern India...

 (c. 400 BC – 1314 AD)

Note that years are still disputed among the scholars, the given is only a version.

Ancient Chera

Chera dynasty

Chera Dynasty in South India is one of the most ancient ruling dynasties in India. Together with the Cholas and the Pandyas, they formed the three principle warring Iron Age Tamil kingdoms in southern India...

 Kings (c. 400 BC – 397 AD)

1. Udiyancheralatan
2. Antuvancheral
3. Imayavaramban Nedun-Cheralatan
   Imayavaramban Nedun-Cheralatan
   Imayavaramban Nedum Cheralatan was a Chera king of the Sangam period in ancient South India, contemporary to Perunarkilli. He is considered as the second Chera King belonging to the First Chera dynasty ruled some part of the Southern India as per the literary works during Sangam Era and...
   
    (56–115 AD)
4. Cheran Chenkutuvan (from 115)
5. Palyanai Sel-Kelu Kuttuvan (115–130)
6. Poraiyan Kadungo (from 115)
7. Kalankai-Kanni Narmudi Cheral (115–140)
8. Vel-Kelu Kuttuvan (130–185)
9. Selvak-Kadungo (131–155)
10. Adukotpattu Cheralatan (140–178)
11. Kuttuvan Irumporai (178–185)
12. Tagadur Erinda Perumcheral
    Tagadur Erinda Perumcheral
    Tagadur Erinda Perumcheral was a Chera king during the Sangam period in South India. His capital was Vanci....
    
     (185–201)
13. Yanaikat-sey Mantaran Cheral
    Yanaikat-sey Mantaran Cheral
    Yanaikat-sey Mantaran Cheral was a Chera king who ruled during the Sangam period . According to Sangam literature he was a contemporary of Pandya king Talaiyaalam-Kaanattu Seru Vendra Neduncezhian...
    
     (201–241)
14. Ilamcheral Irumporai (241–257)
15. Perumkadungo (257–287)
16. Ilamkadungo (287–317)
17. Kanaikal Irumporai (367–397)

Kulashekhara Dynasty

Kulasekhara

Kulasekhara or Later Chera dynasty was a classical Hindu dynasty founded by the saint King Kulashekhara Varman. The dynasty ruled the whole of modern Kerala state , Guddalore and some parts of Nilgiri district and Salem - Coimbatore region in southern India between 9th and 12th centuries AD...

 (1020–1314 AD)

1. Kulashekhara Varman (800–820 AD), also called Kulashekhara Alwar
2. Rajashekhara Varman (820–844 AD), also called Cheraman Perumal
3. Sthanu ravi Varman (844–885 AD), contemporary of Aditya Chola
   Aditya I
   Aditya I , the son of Vijayalaya, was the first great Chola king of South India who extended the Chola dominions by the conquest of the Pallavas.- Pallava Civil War :...
   
   
4. Rama Varma Kulashekhara (885–917 AD)
5. Goda Ravi Varma (917–944 AD)
6. Indu Kotha Varma (944–962 AD)
7. Bhaskara Ravi Varman I (962–1019 AD)
8. Bhaskara Ravi Varman II (1019–1021 AD)
9. Vira Kerala (1021–1028 AD)
10. Rajasimha (1028–1043 AD)
11. Bhaskara Ravi Varman III (1043–1082 AD)
12. Rama Varma Kulashekhara (1090–1122 AD), also called Cheraman Perumal
    • Ravi Varma Kulashekhara (c. 1250–1314), last of the Cheras

Sangam Cholas (c. 300 BC – 240 AD)

• Ilamcetcenni
  Ilamcetcenni
  Ilamcetcenni was an early Tamil king of the Chola dynasty during the Sangam period.He was a great warrior and ruled the Chola kingdom with Puhar as the capital. He married a Velir Princess and the child born to the Royal couple was called Karikala Cholan. Cholas overpowered Cheras and Pandiyas...
  
   c. 301 BC
• Karikala Chola
  Karikala Chola
  Karikala Chola or Karikala Chozhan was one of the great Tamil kings of Early Chola during the Sangam period. He was the son of Ilamcetcenni and ruled around 270 BC....
  
   c. 270 BC
• Nedunkilli
  Nedunkilli
  Nedunkilli was a Tamil king of the Early Cholas mentioned in Sangam Literature. Nedunkilli is mentioned in context with a civil war between him and another Chola Nalankilli. We have no definite details about this Chola or his reign...
  
   c. 150 AD
• Nalankilli
  Nalankilli
  Nalankilli was one of the Tamil king's of the Early Cholas mentioned in Sangam Literature. Nalankilli is mentioned in context with a civil war between him and another Chola Nedunkilli. We have no definite details about this Chola or his reign...
  
   c. 150 AD
• Killivalavan
  Killivalavan
  Killivalavan was a Tamil king of the Early Cholas mentioned in Sangam Literature, and of a period close to that of Nedunkilli and Nalankilli. We have no definite details about this Chola or his reign. The only information we have is from the fragmentary poems of Sangam in the Purananuru.- Sources...
  
   c. 200 AD
• Perunarkilli
  Perunarkilli
  Perunarkilli was one of the Tamil king's of the Early Cholas mentioned in Sangam Literature. We have no definite details about this Chola or his reign. The only information we have is from the fragmentary poems of Sangam in the Purananuru poems....
  
   c. 300 AD
• Kocengannan
  Kocengannan
  Kocengannan was one of the Tamil king's of the Early Cholas mentioned in Sangam Literature. The only surviving details about his reign come from the fragmentary poems of Sangam in the Purananuru poems...
  
   c. 220 AD

Chola Emperors (848–1279 AD)

• Vijayalaya Chola
  Vijayalaya Chola
  Vijayalaya was the Chola king of South India Thanjavur during c. 848 C.E. and re-established the Chola dynastic rule.-Dark age of Cholas:The ancient Chola kingdom once famous in Tamil literature and in the writings of Greek merchants and geographers faded in to darkness after c 300 C.E. Cholas...
  
   (848–881), founder of the Chola Empire
• Aditya (871–907)
• Parantaka I
  Parantaka I
  Parantaka Chola I ruled the Chola kingdom in southern India for forty-eight years. The best part of his reign was marked by increasing success and prosperity.-The Invasion of the Pandya Kingdom:...
  
   (907–955)
• Gandaraditya
  Gandaraditya
  Gandaraditya Chola succeeded his father Parantaka I and became the Chola king c. 955 C.E.-Turbulent period:From the death of Parantaka I, to the accession of Rajaraja I in 985 C.E., Chola history is obscure. During this period of 30 years there were five princes who must have occupied the throne...
  
   (950–957)
• Arinjaya
  Arinjaya
  Arinjaya Chola succeeded Gandaraditya Chola c. 956 C.E. Arinjaya was the third son of Parantaka I and the younger brother of Gandarditya. Arunjaya seems to have ruled for a very short time.- Other names :...
  
   (956–957)
• Parantaka Chola II
  Parantaka Chola II
  Parantaka Chola II ruled for approximately twelve years. Parantaka II was also known by the name Madhurantakan Sundara Chola. He was the son of Arinjaya Chola. His mother’s name was Kalyani, a princes from the clan of Vaidumbas...
  
   (957–970)
• Uttama Chola (973–985)
• Rajaraja Chola I
  Rajaraja Chola I
  Raja Raja Chola I born Arunmozhi Thevar , popularly known as Raja Raja the Great, is one of the greatest emperors of the Tamil Chola Empire of India who ruled between 985 and 1014 CE...
  
  (985–1014), considered the greatest of all Cholas, expanded the Chola Empire overseas to Sri Lanka
  Sri Lanka
  Sri Lanka, officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka is a country off the southern coast of the Indian subcontinent. Known until 1972 as Ceylon , Sri Lanka is an island surrounded by the Indian Ocean, the Gulf of Mannar and the Palk Strait, and lies in the vicinity of India and the...
  
  
• Rajendra Chola I
  Rajendra Chola I
  Rajendra Chola I was the son of Rajaraja Chola I and was one of the greatest rulers of Tamil Chola dynasty of India. He succeeded his father in 1014 CE as the Chola emperor...
  
   (1012–1044), expanded the Chola Empire overseas to South-East Asia
• Rajadhiraja Chola I (1018–1054)
• Rajendra Chola II
  Rajendra Chola II
  Rajendra Chola II reigned as the Chola king succeeding his elder brother brother Rajadhiraja Chola. He is best remembered for his role in the battle of Koppam alongside his elder brother where he dramatically turned the tables on the Chalukyan King Somesvara I.- Koppam Battle :The Chola forces were...
  
   (1051–1063)
• Virarajendra Chola
  Virarajendra Chola
  Virarajendra Chola was one of the most under-rated Chola kings, mainly because a major part of his life was spent in the apprenticeship of his two elder brothers Rajadhirajan Chola I and Rajendra Chola-II, who along with Virarajendra Chola himself were the illustrious sons of their Chakravarti...
  
   (1063–1070)
• Athirajendra Chola
  Athirajendra Chola
  Athirajendra Chola reigned for a very short period of few months as the Chola king succeeding his father Virarajendra Chola. His reign was marked by civil unrest, possibly religious in nature, in which he was killed...
  
   (1067–1070)
• Vikkrama Chola (1118–1135)
• Kulotunga Chola II (1133–1150)
• Rajaraja Chola II
  Rajaraja Chola II
  Rajaraja Chola II succeeded his father Kulothunga Chola II to the Chola throne in 1150 C.E. He was made his heir apparent and coregent in 1146 C.E and so the inscriptions of Rajaraja II count his reign from 1146 C.E...
  
   (1146–1163)
• Rajadiraja Chola II
  Rajadiraja Chola II
  Rajadhiraja Chola II reigned as the Chola king succeeding Rajaraja Chola II. He was not the direct descendant of Rajaraja Chola II, but a grandson of Vikrama Chola by his daughter...
  
   (1163–1178)
• Kulothunga Chola III
  Kulothunga Chola III
  Kulothunga Chola III was the ruler of the Chola empire from 1178 to 1218 AD, after succeeding Rajadhiraja Chola II. Kulothunga Chola III gained success in war against his traditional foes. He gained victories in war against the Pandyas of Madurai, Cheras of Venad, Hoysalas of Mysore, the Sinhala...
  
   (1178–1218)
• Rajaraja Chola III
  Rajaraja Chola III
  Rajaraja Chola III succeeded Kulothunga Chola III on the Chola throne in July 1216 CE. Rajaraja came to the throne of a kingdom much reduced in size as well as influence...
  
   (1216–1256)
• Rajendra Chola III
  Rajendra Chola III
  Rajendra Chola III was the son of Rajaraja Chola III who came to the Chola throne in 1246 CE. Although his father Rajaraja III was still alive, Rajendra began to take effective control over the administration...
  
   (1246–1279), last of the Cholas

Satavahana Dynasty (c. 230 BC – 199 AD)

• Simuka
  Simuka
  Simuka was an Indian king and the founder of the Satavahana dynasty. He is described as Sishuka or Sindhuka in the Puranas. He is also known as Gadabhilla, father of Vikrama in the accounts of the Jains, and is said to have ruled in the area of Pratishthan and Malwa.He was succeeded by his brother...
  
   (c. 230–207 BC)
• Kanha (or Krishna) (207–189 BC)
• Satakarni I
• Hala (20–24 AD)
• Gautamiputra Satakarni (106–130)
• Vashishtiputra Pulumayi (130–158)
• Vashishtiputra Satakarni (c. 158–170)
• Sri Yajna Satakarni (c. 170–199)

Hellenistic

Hellenistic civilization

Hellenistic civilization represents the zenith of Greek influence in the ancient world from 323 BCE to about 146 BCE...

 Euthydemid Dynasty

Euthydemus I

Euthydemus I , Greco-Bactrian king in about 230 or 223 BCE according to Polybius., he is thought to have originally been a Satrap of Sogdiana, who overturned the dynasty of Diodotus of Bactria and became a Greco-Bactrian king. Strabo, on the other hand, correlates his accession with internal...

 (c. 221–85 BC)

Unlike the far larger empires of Alexander the Great and his Seleukid diadoch, centered in the region

• Euthydemus I
  Euthydemus I
  Euthydemus I , Greco-Bactrian king in about 230 or 223 BCE according to Polybius., he is thought to have originally been a Satrap of Sogdiana, who overturned the dynasty of Diodotus of Bactria and became a Greco-Bactrian king. Strabo, on the other hand, correlates his accession with internal...
  
   (c. 221–206 BC), Greco-Bactrian king
• Demetrius I
  Demetrius I of Bactria
  Demetrius I was a Buddhist Greco-Bactrian king . He was the son of Euthydemus and succeeded him around 200 BC, after which he conquered extensive areas in what now is eastern Iran, Afghanistan and Pakistan thus creating an Indo-Greek kingdom far from Hellenistic Greece...
  
   (c. 200–170 BC), son of Euthydemus I, conquered parts of what is now Pakistan
  Pakistan
  Pakistan , officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan is a sovereign state in South Asia. It has a coastline along the Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Oman in the south and is bordered by Afghanistan and Iran in the west, India in the east and China in the far northeast. In the north, Tajikistan...
  
  
• Apollodotus I
  Apollodotus I
  Apollodotus I Soter was an Indo-Greek king between 180 and 160 BCE or between 174 and 165 BCE who ruled the western and southern parts of the Indo-Greek kingdom, from Taxila in Punjab to the areas of Sindh and possibly Gujarat.-Ruler of the Indo-Greek...
  
   (180–160 BC), successor of Demetrius
• Agathocles
  Agathocles of Bactria
  Agathocles Dikaios was a Buddhist Indo-Greek king, who reigned between around 190 and 180 BCE. He might have been a son of Demetrius and one of his sub-kings in charge of the Paropamisade between Bactria and India...
  
   (190–180 BC)
• Pantaleon
  Pantaleon
  Pantaleon was a Greek king who reigned some time between 190–180 BCE in Bactria and India. He was a younger contemporary or successor of the Greco-Bactrian king Demetrius, and is sometimes believed to have been his brother and/or subking...
  
   (190–185 BC)
• Apollodotus I
  Apollodotus I
  Apollodotus I Soter was an Indo-Greek king between 180 and 160 BCE or between 174 and 165 BCE who ruled the western and southern parts of the Indo-Greek kingdom, from Taxila in Punjab to the areas of Sindh and possibly Gujarat.-Ruler of the Indo-Greek...
  
   (reigned c. 180–160 BC)
• Antimachus II
  Antimachus II
  Antimachus II Nikephoros "The Victorious" was an Indo-Greek king. He ruled on a vast territory from the Hindu-Kush to the Punjab around 170 BCE. He was almost certainly identical with the eponymous son of Antimachus I, who is known from a unique preserved tax-receipt...
  
   Nikephoros (160–155 BC)
• Demetrius II
  Demetrius II of India
  Demetrius II was a Greco-Bactrian/Indo-Greek king who ruled brieftly during the 2nd century BCE. Little is known about him and there are different views about how to date him. Earlier authors such as Tarn and Narain saw him as a son and sub-king of Demetrius I, but this view is now abandoned.Osmund...
  
   (155–150 BC)
• Menander I
  Menander I
  Menander I Soter "The Saviour" was one of the rulers of the Indo-Greek Kingdom from either 165 or 155 BC to 130 BC ....
  
   (c. 150–135 BC)
• Agathokleia
  Agathokleia
  Agathokleia Theotropa was an Indo-Greek queen who ruled in parts of northern India as regent for her son Strato I.-Date and Genealogy:...
  
   (c. 135–125 BC), probably widow of Menander, queen-mother and regent for her son Strato
• Strato I
  Strato I
  Strato I , was an Indo-Greek king who was the son of the Indo-Greek queen Agathokleia, who presumably acted as his regent during his early years after Strato's father, another Indo-Greek king, was killed.-Date and genealogy:...
  
   (125–110 BC), son of Menander and Agathokleia
• Heliokles II (110–100 BC)
• Polyxenios
  Polyxenios
  Polyxenos Epiphanes Soter "the Illustrious and Saviour" was an Indo-Greek king who ruled briefly in western Punjab or Gandhara.-Coins of Polyxenos:...
  
   (c. 100 BC), possibly in Gandhara
  Gandhara
  Gandhāra , is the name of an ancient kingdom , located in northern Pakistan and eastern Afghanistan. Gandhara was located mainly in the vale of Peshawar, the Potohar plateau and on the Kabul River...
  
  
• Demetrius III Aniketos (c. 100 BC)
• Amyntas
  Amyntas
  -External links:*...
  
   (95–90 BC)
• Peukolaos
  Peukolaos
  Peucolaus Soter Dikaios was an Indo-Greek king who ruled in the area of Gandhara c. 90 BCE. His reign was probably short and insignificant, since he left only a few coins, but the relations of the latter Indo-Greek kings remain largely obscure....
  
   (c. 90 BC)
• Menander II
  Menander II
  Menander II "The Just" was an Indo-Greek King who ruled in the areas of Arachosia and Gandhara in the north of modern Pakistan.-Time of reign:...
  
   Dikaios "The Just" (90–85 BC)
• Archebios
  Archebios
  Archebius Dikaios Nikephoros "The Just/Follower of the Dharma and Victorious" was an Indo-Greek king who ruled in the area of Taxila. Osmund Bopearachchi dates him to circa 90–80 BCE, and R C Senior to about the same period. He was probably one of the last Indo-Greek kings before the Saka king...
  
   (90–85 BC)

North-western India (c. 90 BC – 10 AD)

• Maues
  Maues
  Maues was an Indo-Scythian king who invaded the Indo-Greek territories.-Conqueror of Gandhara:...
  
   (c. 85–60 BC)
• Vonones
  Vonones of Indo-Scythia
  Vonones was an Indo-Scythian king who reigned in areas of the North-western Indian subcontinent between around 75 to 65 BCE.His brother, Spalahores, was mentioned on his coins, as well as Spalahores' son Spalagadames...
  
   (c. 75–65 BC)
• Spalahores
  Spalahores
  Spalahores was an Indo-Scythian ruler, brother of king Vonones. They reigned in areas of the North-western South Asia between around 75 to 65 BCE.Spalahores was mentioned on the coins of Vonones, as his brother, together with Spalahores' son Spalagadames....
  
   (c. 75–65 BC)
• Spalarises (c. 60–57 BC)
• Azes I
  Azes I
  Azes I was an Indo-Scythian ruler who completed the domination of the Scythians in northern India.-History:Although Maues and his successors had conquered the areas of Gandhara, as well as the area of Mathura from 85 BCE, they were unsuccessful against the Indo-Greek kings remaining behind the...
  
   (c. 57–35 BC)
• Azilises
  Azilises
  Azilises was an Indo-Scythian king who ruled in the area of Gandhara.-Coinage:Azilises issued some joint coins with Azes, where Azes is presented as king on the obverse , and Azilises is introduced as king on the obverse in kharoshthi .-See...
  
   (c. 57–35 BC)
• Azes II
  Azes II
  Azes II , may have been the last Indo-Scythian king in northern Indian subcontinent . After the death of Azes II, the rule of the Indo-Scythians in northwestern India and Pakistan finally crumbled with the conquest of the Kushans, one of the five tribes of the Yuezhi who had lived in Bactria for...
  
   (c. 35–12 BC)
• Zeionises
  Zeionises
  Zeionises was an Indo-Scythian satrap of the area of southern Chach for king Azes II.He then became king, and ruled in parts of the Indian subcontinent around 10 BCE – 10 CE, but apparently lost his territory to the invasion of the Indo-Parthians....
  
   (c. 10 BC – 10 AD)
• Kharahostes
  Kharahostes
  Kharahostes or Kharaostasa was an Indo-Scythian ruler in the northern Indian subcontinent around 10 BCE – 10 CE. He is known from his coins, often in the name of Azes II, and from an inscription on the Mathura lion capital....
  
   (c. 10 BC – 10 AD)
• Hajatria
• Liaka Kusuluka, satrap
  Satrap
  Satrap was the name given to the governors of the provinces of the ancient Median and Achaemenid Empires and in several of their successors, such as the Sassanid Empire and the Hellenistic empires....
  
   of Chuksa
• Kusulaka Patika, satrap of Chuksa and son of Liaka Kusulaka

Mathura area (c. 20 BC – 20 AD)

• Hagamasha (satrap)
• Hagana (satrap)
• Rajuvula
  Rajuvula
  Rajuvula was an Indo-Scythian Great Satrap who ruled in the area of Mathura in northern India in the years around 10 CE. In central India, the Indo-Scythians conquered the area of Mathura over Indian kings around 60 BCE...
  
   (Great Satrap) (c. 10 AD)
• Sodasa
  Sodasa
  Sodasa was an Indo-Scythian, and the son of the Great Satrap of Mathura Rajuvula. He is mentioned in the Mathura lion capital.Sodasa reigned during the 1st century CE, and also took the title of Great Satrap, probably in the area of Mathura as well, but apparently under the suzerainty of the...
  
  , son of Rajuvula

Apracharaja Rulers (12 BC – 45 AD)

• Vijayamitra (12 BC – 15 AD)
• Itravasu (c. 20 AD)
• Aspavarma (15–45 AD)

Indo-Parthian Rulers (c. 21–100 AD)

• Gondophares
  Gondophares
  Gondophares I a Seistani representative of the house of Suren as well as founder and first king of the Indo-Parthian Kingdom. He seems to have ruled c...
  
   I (c. 21–50)
• Abdagases I
  Abdagases I
  Abdagases I was an Indo-Parthian king, a nephew of Gondophares evident from some of his coins, who ruled during the first decades of the 1st century AD...
  
   (c. 50–65)
• Satavastres (c. 60)
• Sarpedones (c. 70)
• Orthagnes (c. 70)
• Ubouzanes (c. 77)
• Sases
  Sases
  Sases, also known as Gondophares IV Sases, , was an Indo-Parthian king who ruled in northwestern parts of India in modern Pakistan...
  
   or Gondophares II (c. 85)
• Abdagases II (c. 90)
• Pakores (c. 100)

Kushana Dynasty (80–225)

• Vima Takto
  Vima Takto
  Vima Takto or Vima Taktu was a Kushan emperor reigned c. 80–90 CE.-Rule:Vima Takto was long known as "The nameless King", since his coins only showed the legend "The King of Kings, Great Saviour", until the discovery of the Rabatak inscription helped connect his name with the title on the...
  
   (c. 80–105), alias Soter Megas or "Great Saviour."
• Vima Kadphises
  Vima Kadphises
  Vima Kadphises was a Kushan emperor from around 90–100 CE. As detailed by the Rabatak inscription, he was the son of Vima Takto and the father of Kanishka.-Rule:...
  
   (c. 105–127), the first great Kushan emperor
• Kanishka I
  Kanishka
  Kanishka ) was an emperor of the Kushan Empire, ruling an empire extending from Bactria to large parts of northern India in the 2nd century of the common era, and famous for his military, political, and spiritual achievements...
  
   (127–147)
• Vāsishka
  Vasishka
  Vāsishka was a Kushan emperor, who seems to have had a short reign following Kanishka II.His rule is recorded as far south as Sanchi, where several inscriptions in his name have been found, dated to the year 22 and year 28 Vāsishka was a Kushan emperor, who seems to have had a short reign...
  
   (c. 151–155)
• Huvishka
  Huvishka
  Huvishka was a Kushan emperor from the death of Kanishka until the succession of Vasudeva I about forty years later. His rule was a period of retrenchment and consolidation for the Empire...
  
   (c. 155–187)
• Vasudeva I
  Vasudeva I
  Vasudeva I was a Kushan emperor, last of the "Great Kushans." Named inscriptions dating from year 64 to 98 of Kanishka's era suggest his reign extended from at least 191 to 225 CE....
  
   (c. 191–225), the last of the great Kushan emperors
• Kanishka II
  Kanishka II
  Kanishka II was one of the emperors of the Kushan Empire from around 225–245 CE. He succeeded Vasudeva I who is considered to be the last great Kushan emperor. It is likely he lost part of his empire to the Kushano-Sassanians.-External links:*...
  
   (c. 225–245)
• Vāsishka
  Vasishka
  Vāsishka was a Kushan emperor, who seems to have had a short reign following Kanishka II.His rule is recorded as far south as Sanchi, where several inscriptions in his name have been found, dated to the year 22 and year 28 Vāsishka was a Kushan emperor, who seems to have had a short reign...
  
  
• Kanishka III
  Kanishka III
  Kanishka III was a Kushan emperor who reigned for a short period around the year 268 CE. He is believed to have succeeded Vasishka and was succeeded by Vasudeva II....
  
   (c. 268)
• Vasudeva II
  Vasudeva II
  Vasudeva II was a Kushan emperor who ruled c. 275–300 AD. He was probably the successor of Kanishka III and may have been succeeded by a king named Shaka Kushan.-External links:* See: * *...
  
   (c. 275–300)
• Shaka Kushan
  Shaka Kushan
  Shaka may have been the name of the Kushan emperor who succeeded Vasudeva II. There is a group of Kushan gold coins that all carry the Brahmi legend Shaka in the right field, in the same place where Vasudeva II's coins read Vasu, so it is natural to suppose that perhaps Shaka was the name of the...
  
   (300–350)
• Gadahara or minor kings

Middle Pallavas (355–537)

• Visnugopa (350–355)
• Kumaravisnu I (355–370)
• Skanda Varman II 370–385)
• Vira Varman (385–400)
• Skanda Varman III (400–438)
• Simha Varman II (438–460)
• Skanda Varman IV (460–480)
• Nandi Varman I (480–500)
• Kumaravisnu II (c. 500–510)
• Buddha Varman (c. 510–520)
• Kumaravisnu III (c. 520–530)
• Simha Varman III (c. 530–537)

Later Pallavas (537–882)

• Simha Vishnu
  Simhavishnu
  Simhavishnu , also known as Avanisimha , son of Simhavarman III and one of the Pallava kings of India, was responsible for the revival of the Pallavan dynasty. He was the first Pallava monarch whose domain extended beyond Kanchipuram in the South...
  
   (537–570)
• Mahendra Varman I
  Mahendravarman I
  Mahendravarman I was a Pallava king who ruled the Northern regions of what forms present-day Tamil Nadu in India in the early 7th century. He was the son of Simhavishnu, who defeated the Kalabhras and re-established the Pallava kingdom....
  
  (571–630)
• Narasimha Varman I
  Narasimhavarman I
  Narasimhavarman I was a Tamil king of the Pallava dynasty who ruled South India from 630–668 CE. He shared his father Mahendravarman I's love of art and completed the work started by Mahendravarman in Mahabalipuram....
  
  (Mamalla) (630–668)
• Mahendra Varman II
  Mahendravarman II
  Mahendravarman II was a Tamil king of the Pallava dynasty who ruled South India from 668–672 CE. He was the son of Narasimhavarman I, a Tamil king of the Pallava dynasty who ruled South India from 630–668 CE. He was succeeded by his son Paramesvaravarman I....
  
   (668–672)
• Paramesvara Varman I
  Paramesvaravarman I
  Parameswaravarman I was a Pallava emperor who ruled in South India in the latter half of the seventh century.He ascended to the throne after the death of his father Mahendravarman II in 670 CE. His grandfather Narasimhavarman I had already made the Pallava empire the most powerful force in the...
  
  (672–700)
• Narasimha Varman II
  Narasimhavarman II
  Narasimhavarman II or Rajasimha was a Pallava king who ruled in South India during the 6th century. Succeeding his father Paramesvaravarman I in the year 700 CE, he ruled for nearly 3 decades, until he was succeeded by his son Paramesvaravarman II in 728 CE.-Ascension to the throne:By the time...
  
  (Raja Simha) 700–728)
• Paramesvara Varman II (705–710)
• Nandi Varman II
  Nandivarman II
  Nandivarman II was a Pallava ruler who ruled in South India.-Ascension to the Throne:In A.D 731, the Pallava king Parameswaravarman died without any heir and hence the Pallava empire was kingless...
  
  (Pallavamalla) (732–796)
• Thandi Varman (775–825)
• Nandi Varman III (825–869)
• Nirupathungan (869–882)
• Aparajitha Varman (882–901)

Kadambas

Kadambas

The Kadamba Dynasty was an ancient royal family of Karnataka that ruled from Banavasi in present day Uttara Kannada district. The dynasty later continued to rule as a feudatory of larger Kannada empires, the Chalukya and the Rashtrakuta empires for over five hundred years during which time they...

 of Banavasi

Banavasi

Banavasi is an ancient temple town in Uttara Kannada District bordering Shivamogga district in the South Indian state of Karnataka .-History:Banavasi is one of the oldest towns in the Karnataka state...

 (345–525 AD)

• Mayura Sharma (Varma) (345–365)
• Kangavarma (365–390)
• Bagitarha (390–415)
• Raghu (415–435)
• Kakusthavarma
  Kakusthavarma
  Kakusthavarma was a ruler of the Kadamba Dynasty of Banavasi in Southern India during the 4th century. Under his rule, the dynasty attained the height of its greatness. Talagunda and Halmidi inscriptions praise him as a formidable Kadamba warrior. He was able to maintain a good relationship with...
  
   (435–455)
• Santivarma (455–460)
• Mrigeshavarma (460–480)
• Shivamandhativarma (480–485)
• Ravivarma (485–519)
• Harivarma (519–525)

Western Ganga dynasty

Ganga Dynasty

Ganga Dynasty is a name used for two unrelated dynasties who ruled parts of India:* The Western Ganga Dynasty, a kingdom in southern India, based in southern Karnataka, from the 3rd to the 10th centuries...

 of Talakad

Talakad

Talakad is a desert-like town on the left bank of the Kaveri river at a spot where the river makes a sharp bend. It is 45 km from Mysore and 133 km from Bangalore in Karnataka, India. A historic site, Talakad once had over 30 temples that today are buried in sand. Now it is a scenic...

 (350–1024 AD)

• Konganivarma Madhava (350–370)
• Madhava II (370–390)
• Harivarman (390–410)
• Vishnugopa (410–430)
• Tadangala Madhava (430–466)
• Avinita
  Avinita
  Avinita was the Western Ganga Dynasty king who ascended the throne after King Madhava III. He was followed to the throne by his son, Durvinita, though Durvinita was not his choice.-References:...
  
   (466–495)
• Durvinita
  Durvinita
  Durvinita is seen as the most successful ruler of the Western Ganga Dynasty. Son of the previous ruler, Avinita, Durvinita's assession to the throne was disputed by his brother, who had gained the support of the Pallavas and Kadambas. There are Nallala and Kadagattur inscriptions that refer to...
  
   (495–535)
• Mushkara (535–585)
• Srivikrama (585–635
• Bhuvikarma (635–679
• Shivamara I (679–725
• Sripurusha (725–788
• Shivamara II (788–816
• Rajamalla I (817–853
• Nitimarga Ereganga (853–869
• Rajamalla II (870–907)
• Ereyappa Nitimarga II (907–919)
• Narasimhadeva (919–925)
• Rajamalla III (925–935)
• Butuga II (935–960)
• Takkolam in (949)
• Maruladeva (960–963)
• Marasimha III (963–974)
• Rajamalla IV (974–985)
• Rakkasa Ganga (985–1024)

Chalukyas of Badami

Badami

Badami , formerly known as Vatapi, is a town and headquarters of a taluk by the same name, in the Bagalkot district of Karnataka, India. It was the regal capital of the Badami Chalukyas from 540 to 757 AD. It is famous for rock cut and other structural temples...

 (543–757)

• Pulakesi I (543–566)
• Kirtivarman I (566–597)
• Mangalesa (597–609)
• Pulakesi II
  Pulakesi II
  Pulakesin II is the most famous ruler of the Chalukya dynasty. In his reign the Chalukyas of Badami saw their kingdom extend over most of the Deccan.-Early life and accession:...
  
   (609–642)
• Vikramaditya I (655–680)
• Vinayaditya (680–696)
• Vijayaditya (696–733)
• Vikramaditya II (733–746)
• Kirtivarman II (746–757)

Chalukyas of Kalyani

Basavakalyan

Basavakalyan is a town in Bidar District of the state of Karnataka, India, and was historically known as Kalyan.-History:Basavakalyan's history dates back to 3000 years with its name being mentioned in Guru Charitra....

 (973–1156)

• Tailapa Ahavamalla (973–997)
• Satyasraya Irivabedanga (997–1008)
• Vikramaditya V (1008–1014)
• Ayyana (1014–1015)
• Jayasimha II (1015–1042)
• Someshvara I (1042–1068)
• Someshvara II (1068–1076)
• Vikramaditya VI
  Vikramaditya VI
  Vikramaditya VI became the Western Chalukya King after deposing his elder brother Somesvara II. Vikramaditya's reign is marked by the start of the Chalukya-Vikrama era. Vikramaditya VI was the greatest of the Western Chalukya kings and had the longest reign in the dynasty. He earned the title...
  
   (1076–1127)
• Someshvara III (1127–1138)
• Jagadekamalla (1138–1151)
• Tailapa (1151–1156)
• Someshwara IV (1183–1189)

Shashanka

Shashanka

Shashanka is often attributed with creating the first separate political entity in a unified Bengal called Gauda and as such is a major figure in Bengali history. He reigned in 7th century AD, and some historians place his rule approximately between 590 AD and 625 AD. He is the contemporary of...

 dynasty (600–626)

• Shashanka
  Shashanka
  Shashanka is often attributed with creating the first separate political entity in a unified Bengal called Gauda and as such is a major figure in Bengali history. He reigned in 7th century AD, and some historians place his rule approximately between 590 AD and 625 AD. He is the contemporary of...
  
   (600–625), first recorded independent king of Bengal
  Bengal
  Bengal is a historical and geographical region in the northeast region of the Indian Subcontinent at the apex of the Bay of Bengal. Today, it is mainly divided between the sovereign land of People's Republic of Bangladesh and the Indian state of West Bengal, although some regions of the previous...
  
  , created the first unified political entity in Bengal
• Manava
  Manava (king)
  Manava was the son and successor to the king of Gauda, Shashanka. He was the last recorded ruler of the dynasty and was likely deposed by Harshavardhana or Bhaskaravarman . He ruled as king for 8 months....
  
   (625–626), ruled for 8 months before being conquered by Harshavardana and Bhaskarvarmana

Harsha

Harsha

Harsha or Harsha Vardhana or Harshvardhan was an Indian emperor who ruled northern India from 606 to 647 AD. He was the son of Prabhakara Vardhana and younger brother of Rajya Vardhana, a king of Thanesar, Haryana...

 dynasty (606–647)

• Harsha
  Harsha
  Harsha or Harsha Vardhana or Harshvardhan was an Indian emperor who ruled northern India from 606 to 647 AD. He was the son of Prabhakara Vardhana and younger brother of Rajya Vardhana, a king of Thanesar, Haryana...
  
   Vardhana (606–647), unified Northern India and ruled it for over 40 years, he was the last non-Muslim emperor to rule a unified Northern India

Rashtrakutas of Manyaketha (735–982)

• Dantidurga
  Dantidurga
  Dantidurga , also known as Dantivarman or Dantidurga II was the founder of the Rashtrakuta Empire of Manyakheta. His capital was based in Gulbarga region of Karnataka...
  
   (735–756)
• Krishna I
  Krishna I
  Krishna I , an uncle of Dantidurga, took charge of the growing Rashtrakuta Empire by defeating the last Badami Chalukya ruler Kirtivarman II in 757. This is known from the copper plate grant of Emperor Govinda III of 807 and a copper plate grant of the Gujarat Rashtrakuta Emperor Karka from Baroda...
  
   (756–774)
• Govinda II
  Govinda II
  Govinda II was an emperor of the Rashtrakuta Empire after Krishna I.The eldest son of Krishna I, Govinda II left the administration to his younger brother Dhruva Dharavarsha, also known as Nirupama...
  
   (774–780)
• Dhruva Dharavarsha
  Dhruva Dharavarsha
  Dhruva was one of greatest ruler of the Rashtrakuta Empire. He ascended the throne after replacing his elder brother Govinda II. Govinda II had become unpopular among his subjects on account of his various misconducts and demeanors as a ruler, including excessive indulgence in sensual pleasure....
  
   (780–793)
• Govinda III
  Govinda III
  Govinda III was a famous Rashtrakuta ruler who succeeded his illustrious father Dhruva Dharavarsha. He was militarily the most successful emperor of the dynasty with successful conquests from Cape Comorin in the south to Kannauj in the north, from Banaras in the east to Broach in the west...
  
   (793–814)
• Amoghavarsha
  Amoghavarsha
  Amoghavarsha I was a Rashtrakuta emperor, the greatest ruler of the Rashtrakuta dynasty, and one of the great emperors of India. His nominal reign of 64 years is the longest precisely dated monarchical reign on record in India and one of the longest documented reigns of all monarchy since...
  
   I (814–878)
• Krishna II
  Krishna II
  Krishna II ascended the Rashtrakuta throne after the demise of his famous father Amoghavarsha I. His Kannada name was Kannara. His queen was a Haihaya princess of Chedi called Mahadevi. From the chronology of inscriptions that mention the name of this king, it seems Krishna II may have started to...
  
   Akalavarsha (878–914)
• Indra III
  Indra III
  Indra III was the grandson of Rashtrakuta Krishna II and son of Chedi princess Lakshmi. He became the ruler of the empire due to the early demise of his father Jagattunga. He had many titles such as Nithyavarsha, Rattakandarapa, Rajamarathanda and Kirthinarayana. He patronised Kannada poet and...
  
   (914–929)
• Amoghavarsha II
  Amoghavarsha II
  Amoghavarsha II was a Rashtrakuta ruler who was assassinated by his brother Govinda IV, having ruled for just one year.-External links:*...
  
   (929–930)
• Govinda IV
  Govinda IV
  Govinda IV was the younger brother of Amoghavarsha II who became the Rashtrakuta emperor in 930 as described in the Kalasa record of Chikmagalur. He was a very unpopular ruler who indulged in licentious acts. Control over Kannauj was lost during his rule. The Chalukyas of Vengi defeated him and...
  
   (930–935)
• Amoghavarsha III
  Amoghavarsha III
  Amoghavarsha III , also known as Baddiga, was in exile in Tripuri and was a younger brother of Indra III and uncle to Govinda IV. With the help of King Arikesari of Vemulavada in Andhra and other feudatories who revolted against Govinda IV he came to power. Not much is known about his uneventful...
  
   (934–939)
• Krishna III
  Krishna III
  Krishna III, whose Kannada name was Kannara , was the last great warrior and able monarch of the Rashtrakuta Dynasty of Manyakheta. He was a shrewd administrator and skillful military campaigner. He waged many wars to bring back the glory of the Rashtrakutas and played an important role in...
  
   (939–967)
• Khottiga Amoghavarsha
  Khottiga Amoghavarsha
  Khottiga Amoghavarsha was a ruler of the Rashtrakuta Empire. During this period the Rashtrakutas started to decline. The Paramara King Siyaka II plundered Manyakheta and Khottiga died fighting them. This fact is available from the Jain writing Mahapurana written by Pushpadanta. He was succeeded...
  
   (967–972)
• Karka II
  Karka II
  Karka II succeeded his uncle Kottigga Amoghavarsha to the Rashtrakuta throne. He had military successes against the Gurjaras, Rajputs and his feudatory, the Western Ganga King Marasimha II defeated the Pallavas...
  
   Amoghhavarsha IV (972–973)
• Indra IV
  Indra IV
  Indra IV was the last Rashtrakuta ruler and a nephew of the feudatory king of Western Ganga Dynasty of Talakad. The Ganga king Marasimha II tried hard to keep the dwindling Rashtrakuta Empire intact but in vain. Marasimha II committed Sallekhana in 975 and Indra IV followed him in 982. Thus, this...
  
   (973–982), only a claimer for the lost throne

Tomar's or Tuar's of Sthaneshwar and Indraprastha (736–1192 AD)

From Kshemak (last Tomar king of Indraprastha and direct descendant of Parikshit) to Anangpal I -

1. Kshemak
2. Shunkh (Kshemak's seat was usurped by his minister)
3. Tunga (took refuge in Southern India established small kingdom - River Tungbhadra named after him)
4. Abhanga
5. Javal
6. Gawal
7. Lorepind
8. Adangal
9. Ganmel
10. Nabhang
11. Chukkar
12. Tome
13. Dravidan Tomar
14. Drugya Tomar
15. Manbha Tomar
16. Karwal Tomar
17. Kalang Tomar, he was a local chieftain in Kurudesh (modern Haryana)
18. Anangpal I - re-established Tomar rule at what is now Delhi, the ancient capital of his ancestors. 736 AD – March- xx, ruled 18 years
19. Vasudev - 754–March - xx, ruled 19Y-1M-18D
20. Gangeya Tuar - 773–Apr.-18, ruled 21Y-3M-28D
21. Prithvimal - 794–Aug.-16, ruled 19Y-6M-19D
22. Jagdev or Jaydev - 814–Mar.-05, ruled 20Y-7M-28D
23. Narpal - 834–Nov.-03, ruled 14Y-4M-09D
24. Udaysangh - 849–Mar.-12, ruled 26Y-7M-11D
25. Jaidas - 875–Oct.-23, ruled 21Y-2M-13D
26. Vachhal/VrikshPal - 897–Jan.-01, ruled 22Y-3M-16D. There were many brothers / uncles of Vacchal Tuar
    1. Bacchdev, founded Bagor near Narnol and Bachera and Baghera near Thoda Ajmer
    2. Nagdeo s/o Karnpal Tuar and brother of Vachhal dev, founded Nagor and Nagda near Ajmer. Karndeo Tuar himself established Bahadurgarh near Alwar
    3. Krishnray s/o Karnpal Tuar, founded Kishangarh near Ajmer and Khas Ganj between Etah and Soron
    4. Nihal Ray s/o Karnpal Tuar, founded Narayanpur near Alwar
    5. Somasi s/o Karnpal Tuar, founded Ajabpur between present day Alwar and Jaipur
    6. Harpal s/o Karnpal Tuar, founded Harsola and Harsoli near Alwar
27. Pavak - 919–Apr.-22, ruled 21Y-6M-05D
28. Vihangpal - 940–Oct.-27, ruled 24Y-4M-04D
29. Tolpal - 961–Mar.-01, ruled 18Y-3M-15D
    1. Gopal - either another name of Gopal or ruled on his behalf for a while
30. Sulakshanpal - 979–Jun.-16, ruled 25Y-10M-10D
31. Jaipal Tuar - 1005–Apr.-26, ruled 25Y-10M-10D. - Fought with Raja Rangatdhwaj Rathore and lost sovereignty of Kannauj
    1. His younger brother Jhetpal Tuar captured Paithan and his descendants are called Pathania
       Pathania
       Pathania is the name of the branch of the Tomara Clan of Chandravanshi, Rajputs, descended from Lord Arjuna, the hero of Mahabharata. It is one of the ruling Rajput clans of India. They mostly live in and around Himachal Pradesh, in North India...
       
        Rajputs
32. Kanvarpal/Kumara Pal Tuar - 1021–Aug.-29, ruled 29Y-9M-18D (Masud, grandson of Md. Gazni, captured Hansi briefly in 1038), ruled from Bari in Awadh, which was 3 days south of Kannauj
    1. His Rajya Purohit, the chief priest, was Indrachandra whose descendant was Ramchandra 'Rammya', Samrat Hem Chandra Vikramaditya Hemu
       Hemu
       Samrat Hem Chandra Vikramaditya, Hemu Vikramaditya or simply Hemu was a Hindu Emperor of India during the sixteenth century, in medieval times...
       
       's nephew and General in his army
33. Anangpal II or AnekPal or Anaypal - 1051–Jun.-17, ruled 29Y-6M-18D (1052 inscription on the Iron pillar at Mahrauli), populated Delhi and built Lalkot or Old Fort of Delhi. A few known sons of Anangpal are given here, which tell us the extent of his dominions. From Hansi in north to Agra in south and from Ajmer in west to Ganges in east, beyond which were the Katheria Rajputs rulers
    1. Bhumpal Tomar, younger son - 1081, Settled in Narwar area (Near Gwalior)
    2. Indrapal, founded Indra Garh
    3. Rangraj, founded two palaces by the name of Taragarh, one near Ajmer
    4. Achal Raj, founded Achner between Bharatpur and Agra
    5. Draupad, lived in Hansi
    6. Sisupal, founded Sirsa, Siswal (also called Sirsa Patan)
    7. Surajpal, Suraj Kund in Mehrauli Delhi was built by him
34. Tejpal - 1081–Jan.-05, ruled 24Y-1M-06D, founded Tejora between Gurgaon and Alwar
35. Mahipal/Junpal - 1105–Feb.-11, ruled 25Y-2M-23D
36. Dakatpal (Arkpal or Anangpal III) - 1151–Jul.-19, ruled until 1192 AD until the Capture of Delhi by Md. Ghori, titular head only, lost to Someshwar dev Chauhan of Ajmer in 1152 AD and married daughter to Chauhan king and thus became a feudatory of his Chauhan son in law and later his grandson Rai Pithora of Ajmer. Prithviraj Chauhan was proclaimed the heir of Tomar Kingdom in 1170 AD and his rule was 22Y-2M-16D
    1. Govindraj Tanwar fought for Prithviraj Chauhan and was killed in battle with Md Ghori

Pāla Dynasty (c. 756–1174 AD)

• Gopala I (756–781)
• Dharmapala (781–821)
• Devapala
  Devapala
  Deva Pala , was a powerful emperor from the Pala Empire of Bengal region in the Indian Subcontinent. He was the third king in the line and had succeeded his father, emperor Dharamapala...
  
   (821–861)
• Mahendrapala
  Mahendrapala
  Mahendrapala was the fourth emperor of the Pala dynasty. He succeeded his father Devapala. We came to know about him and his mahasenapati Vajradeva from the Jagjivanpur copper plate grant dated in his 7th regnal year and issued from the Kuddalakhataka jayaskandhavara . He was succeeded by his...
  
  , Shurapala I, Vigrahapala I (861–866)
• Narayanapala (866–920)
• Rajyapala
  Rajyapala
  Rajyapala was the seventh emperor of the Pala dynasty. He succeeded his father Narayanapala. He reigned for 32 years. The Bargaon inscription is dated in his 24th regnal year. He was succeeded by his son Gopala II....
  
   (920–952)
• Gopala II
  Gopala II
  Gopala II was the successor to the Pala king Rajyapala, and eighth ruler of the Pala line reigning for 20 years. He was succeeded by Vigrahapala II.-References:...
  
   (952–969)
• Vigrahapala II
  Vigrahapala II
  Vigrahapala II was the successor to the Pala king Gopala II, and ninth ruler of the Pala line reigning for 22 years. He was succeeded by the famed Mahipala.-References:...
  
   (969–995)
• Mahipala I
  Mahipala I
  Mahipala I was ascended to the throne of Gurjara-Pratihara dynasty after his step brother Bhoj II. He was born of queen Mahidevi. Mahipala I was also designated by names - Ksitipala, Vinayakapala, Herambapala and Uttarapatha Swami....
  
   (995–1043)
• Nayapala (1043–1058)
• Vigrahapala III
  Vigrahapala III
  Vigrahapala III was the successor to the Pala king Nayapala, and twelfth ruler of the Pala line reigning for 15 years. He was succeeded by Mahipala II.-References:...
  
   (1058–1075)
• Mahipala II
  Mahipala II
  Mahipala II was the successor to the Pala king Vigrahapala III, and thirteenth ruler of the Pala line reigning for 5 years. He was succeeded by Shurapala II.-References:...
  
   (1075–1080)
• Shurapala II
  Shurapala II
  Shurapala II was a ruler of the Pala Empire in northeast India. He was the successor to the Pala king Mahipala II and fourteenth ruler of the Pala line, reigning for two years. He was succeeded by Ramapala.-References:...
  
   (1080–1082)
• Ramapala
  Ramapala
  Ramapala was the successor to the Pala king Shurapala II, and fifteenth ruler of the Pala line reigning for 53 years. He is recognised as the last great ruler of the dynasty, managing to restore much of the past glory of the Pala lineage. He crushed the Varendra rebellion and extended his empire...
  
   (1082–1124)
• Kumarapala (1124–1129)
• Gopala III
  Gopala III
  Gopala III was the successor to the Pala king Kumarapala, and seventeenth ruler of the Pala line reigning for 4 years. He was succeeded by Madanapala.-References:...
  
   (1129–1143)
• Madanapala
  Madanapala
  Madanapala was the successor to the Pala king Gopala III, and eighteenth and final ruler of Pala lineage reigning for 18 years. He was succeeded by Govindapala, whose lineage of that name is questionable....
  
   (1143–1162)
• Govindapala
  Govindapala
  Govindapala is believed to be the successor of Madanapala the last ruler of the Pala dynasty. However the lineage of that name is questionable....
  
   (1162–1174)

Parmaras of Malwa (c. 800–c. 1305)

• Upendra (c. 800–c. 818)
• Vairisimha I (c. 818–c. 843)
• Siyaka I (c. 843–c. 893)
• Vakpati (c. 893–c. 918)
• Vairisimha II (c. 918–c. 948)
• Siyaka II (c. 948–c. 974)
• Vakpatiraja (c. 974–c. 995)
• Sindhuraja (c. 995–c. 1010)
• Bhoja
  Bhoja
  Bhoja was a philosopher king and polymath of medieval India, who ruled the kingdom of Malwa in central India from about 1000 to 1050 CE. Also known as Raja Bhoja Of Dhar, he belonged to the Paramara dynasty...
  
   I (c. 1010–c. 1055)
• Jayasimha I
  Jayasimha I
  Jayasimha II succeeded Vishnuvardhana as the king of Eastern Chalukyas. He had a long reign of 32 years, however we know of nothing important happening in his reign.His younger brother Indra Bhattaraka succeeded him.- References :...
  
   (c. 1055–c. 1060)
• Udayaditya
  Udayaditya
  Udayaditya was a Paramara dynasty ruler of Malwa region of central India, who succeeded Jayasimha I. He was succeeded by his son, Lakshmanadeva.-Situation after Bhoja I's death:...
  
   (c. 1060–c. 1087)
• Lakshmanadeva (c. 1087–c. 1097)
• Naravarman (c. 1097–c. 1134)
• Yasovarman
  Yasovarman
  Yasovarman I was an Angkorian king who reigned in 889–910 CE.-Early years:After the death of Indravarman I, a succession war was fought by his two sons. It's believed that the war was fought on land and on sea by the Tonle Sap. In the end Yasovarman I prevailed. Because of his father had sought...
  
   (c. 1134–c. 1142)
• Jayavarman I
  Jayavarman I
  Jayavarman I is considered by some to be the first king of the Khmer empire, as it evolved out of the Kamboja kingdom . He ruled from approximately 657 to 681. Over the course of his reign, and that of his predecessor Bhavavarman II, the Khmer kings' power was consolidated in the areas previously...
  
   (c. 1142–c. 1160)
• Vindhyavarman (c. 1160–c. 1193)
• Subhatavarman (c. 1193–c. 1210)
• Arjunavarman I (c. 1210–c. 1218)
• Devapala
  Devapala
  Deva Pala , was a powerful emperor from the Pala Empire of Bengal region in the Indian Subcontinent. He was the third king in the line and had succeeded his father, emperor Dharamapala...
  
   (c. 1218–c. 1239)
• Jaitugideva (c. 1239–c. 1256)
• Jayavarman II
  Jayavarman II
  Jayavarman II was a 9th century king of Cambodia, widely recognized as the founder of the Khmer Empire, which ruled much of the Southeast Asian mainland for more than six hundred years. Historians formerly dated his reign as running from 802 AD to 850 AD, but some scholars now have set it back to...
  
   (c. 1256–c. 1269)
• Jayasimha II
  Jayasimha II
  Jayasimha II , also known by the titles Jagadekhamalla and Mallikamoda, succeeded his brother Vikramaditya V on the Western Chalukya throne. Jayasimha had to fight on many fronts to protect his kingdom...
  
   (c. 1269–c. 1274)
• Arjunavarman II (c. 1274–c. 1283)
• Bhoja II
  Bhoja II
  Bhoja II was a ruler in medieval India, the last of the Shilahara dynasty of Kolhapur in Maharashtra. He suffered a crushing defeat at the hands of Singhana, king of the Yadava Dynasty, in 1212 CE at Umalvad...
  
   (c. 1283–?)
• Mahlakadeva (c. ?–c. 1305)

Seuna Yadavas of Devagiri (850–1334 AD)

• Dridhaprahara
• Seunachandra (850–874)
• Dhadiyappa (874–900)
• Bhillama I (900–925)
• Vadugi (Vaddiga) (950–974)
• Dhadiyappa II (974–975)
• Bhillama II (975–1005)
• Vesugi I (1005–1020)
• Bhillama III (1020–1055)
• Vesugi II (1055–1068)
• Bhillama III (1068)
• Seunachandra II (1068–1085)
• Airamadeva (1085–1115)
• Singhana I (1115–1145)
• Mallugi I (1145–1150)
• Amaragangeyya (1150–1160)
• Govindaraja (1160)
• Amara Mallugi II (1160–1165)
• Kaliya Ballala (1165–1173)
• Bhillama V (1173–1192), proclaimed independence from Kalyani Chalukya
• Jaitugi I (1192–1200)
• Singhana II (1200–1247)
• Kannara (1247–1261)
• Mahadeva (1261–1271)
• Amana (1271)
• Ramachandra (1271–1312)
• Singhana III (1312–1313)
• Harapaladeva (1313–1318)
• Mallugi III (1318–1334)

Brahmin

Brahmin

Brahmin Brahman, Brahma and Brahmin.Brahman, Brahmin and Brahma have different meanings. Brahman refers to the Supreme Self...

 Shahi

Shahi

The Shahi , Sahi, also called Shahiya dynasties ruled one of the Middle kingdoms of India which included portions of the Kabulistan and the old province of Gandhara , from the decline of the Kushan Empire in the 3rd century to the early 9th century...

 Dynasty (c. 890–964)

• Lalliya (c. 890–895)
• Kamaluka (895–921)
• Bhima (921–964), son of Kamaluka

Janjua Shahi

Shahi

The Shahi , Sahi, also called Shahiya dynasties ruled one of the Middle kingdoms of India which included portions of the Kabulistan and the old province of Gandhara , from the decline of the Kushan Empire in the 3rd century to the early 9th century...

 Dynasty (964–1026 AD)

• Jayapala
  Jayapala
  Jayapala Janjua Shahi, the son of Asatapala and father of Anandapal, was the first king and founder of the Hindushahi dynasty of Afghanistan and Northwest Pakistan. He succeeded the last Brahman Shahi king Bhimadeva in about 964 CE, and thus began the Janjua Rajput phase of Shahiya Dynasties...
  
   (964–1001)
• Anandapala (1001–1011)
• Roopak (1011–1022)
• Bhímapála (1022–1026)

Hoysala Dynasty (1000–1346)

• Nripa Kama (1000–1045)
• Vinayaditya I (1045–1098)
• Ereyanga (1098–1100)
• Ballala (1100–1108)
• Vishnuvardhana (1108–1142)
• Narasimha I (1142–1173), proclaimed independence from Kalyani Chalukya
• Ballala II (1173–1220)
• Narasimha II (1220–1235)
• Vira Someshwara (1235–1253)
• Narasimha III and Ramanatha (1253–1295)
• Ballala III (1295–1342)

Sena Empire

Sena dynasty

The Sena Empire was a Hindu dynasty that ruled from Bengal through the 11th and 12th centuries. At its peak the empire covered much of the north-eastern region in the Indian Subcontinent. They were called Brahma-Kshatriyas, as evidenced through their surname, which is derived from the Sanskrit,...

 Dynasty rule over Bengal

Bengal

Bengal is a historical and geographical region in the northeast region of the Indian Subcontinent at the apex of the Bay of Bengal. Today, it is mainly divided between the sovereign land of People's Republic of Bangladesh and the Indian state of West Bengal, although some regions of the previous...

 (1070–1230 CE)

• Hemanta Sen (1070–1096)
• Vijay Sen (1096–1159)
• Ballal Sen (1159–1179)
• Lakshman Sen (1179–1206)
• Vishwarup Sen (1206–1225)
• Keshab Sen (1225–1230)

Kalachuri

Kalachuri

Kalachuri Empire is this the name used by two kingdoms who had a succession of dynasties from the 10th-12th centuries, one ruling over areas in Central India and were called Chedi or Haihaya and the other southern Kalachuri who ruled over parts of Karnataka...

 (Southern) Dynasty (1130–1184)

• Bijjala II
  Bijjala II
  Bijjala II 1130 - 1167 CE was the most famous of the southern Kalachuri kings and ruled initially as a feudatory of Chalukya Vikramaditya VI. He ruled as the Mahamandalesvara or chief and ruled over Karhada 4,000 and Tardavadi 1,000, designations given to...
  
   (1130–1167), proclaimed independence from Kalyani Chalukyas in 1162 AD
• Sovideva (1168–1176)
• Mallugi --> overthrown by his brother Sankama
• Sankama (1176–1180)
• Ahavamalla (1180–83)
• Singhana (1183–84)

Kadava

Kadava

Kadava was the name of a Tamil ruling dynasty who ruled parts of the Tamil country during the thirteenth and the fourteenth century CE. Kadavas were related to the Pallava dynasty and ruled from Kudalur near Cuddalore in Tamil Nadu.The Kadava kingdom was at the height of their power briefly...

 Dynasty (c. 1216–1279 AD)

• Kopperunchinga I (c. 1216 – 1242)
• Kopperunchinga II (c. 1243 – 1279)

Delhi Sultanate

Delhi Sultanate

The Delhi Sultanate is a term used to cover five short-lived, Delhi based kingdoms or sultanates, of Turkic origin in medieval India. The sultanates ruled from Delhi between 1206 and 1526, when the last was replaced by the Mughal dynasty...

 (1206–1526)

Despite the name, the capital was repeatedly elsewhere than Delhi city, and not always near.

Mamluk dynasty of Delhi (1206–1290)

• Qutb-ud-din Aybak
  Qutb-ud-din Aybak
  Qutb-ud-din Aibak was a Turkic king of Northwest India who ruled from his capital in Delhi where he built the Qutub Minar and the Quwwat Al Islam mosque. He was of Turkic descent from central Asia, the first Sultan of Delhi and founder of the Slave dynasty of India. He ruled for only four years,...
  
   (1206–1210)
• Aram Shah
  Aram Shah
  Aram Shah was the second sultan of the Mamluk Sultanate . The relationship of Aram with Qutb-ud-din Aibak is a subject of controversy. According to some, he was Aibak's son, but Minhaj-us-Siraj distinctly writes that Qutub-ud-din only had three daughters. Abul Fazl has made the "astonishing...
  
   (1210–1211)
• Shams-ud-din Iltutmish
  Iltutmish
  Shams-ud-din Iltutmish was the third ruler of the Mamluk dynasty of Delhi of Turkic origin. He was a slave of Qutub-ud-din-Aybak and later became his son-in-law and close lieutenant. He was the Governor of Badaun when he deposed Qutub-ud-din's successor Aram Shah and acceeded to the throne of the...
  
   (1211–1236)
• Rukn-ud-din Firuz
  Rukn ud din Firuz
  Rukn ud din Firuz was the fourth sultan of the Mamluk Sultanate , who ruled for just seven months. He was the son of Shams ud din Iltutmish and was raised to become Iltutmish's heir. However after Iltutmish's death in April 1236 he was viewed as being unfit to rule and was murdered in November 1236...
  
   (1236)
• Raziyyat ud din Sultana (1236–1240)
• Muiz-ud-din Bahram
  Muiz ud din Bahram
  Muiz ud din Bahram was the sixth sultan of the Mamluk Dynasty . He was the son of Shams ud din Iltutmish and brother of Razia Sultan . While his sister was in Bathinda, he declared himself king with the support of forty chiefs...
  
   (1240–1242)
• Ala-ud-din Masud
  Ala ud din Masud
  Ala ud din Masud was the seventh sultan of the Mamluk dynasty . He was the son of Rukn ud din Firuz and the nephew of Razia Sultan . After his predecessor, Muiz ud din Bahram, was murdered by the army in 1242 after years of disorder, the chiefs chose for him to become the next ruler...
  
   (1242–1246)
• Nasir-ud-din Mahmud (1246–1266)
• Ghiyas-ud-din Balban
  Ghiyas ud din Balban
  Ghiyasuddin Balban was ninth sultan of the Mamluk dynasty who ruled from 1266 to 1287.-Biography:He was son of a Central Asian Turkic noble of the Ilbari tribe, but as a child he was captured by Mongols and sold as a slave at Ghazni...
  
   (1266–1286)
• Muiz-ud-din Qaiqabad
  Muiz ud din Qaiqabad
  Muiz ud din Qaiqabad was the tenth sultan the Mamluk dynasty . He was the son of Bughra Khan as well as grandson of Ghiyas ud din Balban ....
  
   (1286–1290)

Khilji Dynasty

Khilji dynasty

The Khilji Sultanate was a dynasty of Turko-Afghan Khalaj origin who ruled large parts of South Asia from 1290 - 1320. They were the second dynasty to rule the Delhi Sultanate of India...

 (1290–1320)

• Jalal ud din Firuz Khilji
  Jalal ud din Firuz Khilji
  Jalaluddin Firuz Khilji was the first sultan of the Khilji dynasty, who reigned from 1290 to 1296. He built his capital at Kilughari, a few miles from the city of Delhi and completed the unfinished palace and gardens of Sultan Qaiqabad.) He ruled from there for six years.-Early life and...
  
   (1290–1296), founder of the Khilji dynasty, defeated some invading Mongol
  Mongol Empire
  The Mongol Empire , initially named as Greater Mongol State was a great empire during the 13th and 14th centuries...
  
   armies
• Ala ud din Khilji (1296–1316), considered the greatest of the Delhi Sultans, unified India and defeated a number of invading Mongol
  Mongol Empire
  The Mongol Empire , initially named as Greater Mongol State was a great empire during the 13th and 14th centuries...
  
   armies
• Qutb ud din Mubarak Shah
  Qutb ud din Mubarak Shah
  Qutb-ud-din Mubarak Shah Khilji was the third and last ruler of the Khilji dynasty in Sultanate of Delhi, India. Qutb-ud-din Khilji was the son and successor of Alauddin Khilji....
  
   (1316–1320), the Delhi Sultanate
  Delhi Sultanate
  The Delhi Sultanate is a term used to cover five short-lived, Delhi based kingdoms or sultanates, of Turkic origin in medieval India. The sultanates ruled from Delhi between 1206 and 1526, when the last was replaced by the Mughal dynasty...
  
   had shrunk during his reign

Tughlaq Dynasty

Tughlaq dynasty

The Tughlaq dynasty of north India started in 1321 in Delhi when Ghazi Malik assumed the throne under the title of Ghiyath al-Din Tughluq. The Tughluqs were a Muslim family of Turkic origin...

 (1321–1398)

• Ghiyath al-Din Tughluq
  Ghiyath al-Din Tughluq
  Ghiyas ud-Din Tughluq , real name Ghazi Malik was the founder and first ruler of the Turkic Muslim Tughluq dynasty in India, who reigned over Sultanate of Delhi . He has been the founder of the third city of Delhi called Tughluqabad.Ghiyath al-Din Tughluq was in origin a poor Qarauna who took...
  
   (1321–1325)
• Muhammad bin Tughluq
  Muhammad bin Tughluq
  Muhammad bin Tughluq was the Turkic Sultan of Delhi from 1325 to 1351. He was the eldest son of Ghiyas-ud-din Tughlaq.He was born in Kotla Tolay Khan in Multan. His wife was daughter of the raja of Dipalpur...
  
   (1325–1351)
• Firuz Shah Tughlaq (1351–1388)
• Ghiyas-ud-Din Tughluq II
  Ghiyas-ud-Din Tughluq II
  GHIYASUDDIN TUGHLUQ DEFEATED THE LAST KHALJI RULER,GHAZI MALIK AND ESTABLISHED A NEW DYNASTY IN 1320.GHIYASUDDIN TUGHLUQ WAS AN ABLE AND BRAVE RULER.HE HAD TO FACE A NUMBER OF REFORMS WHICH HE FACED BOLDLY.HE INTRODUCED A NO OF REFORMS FOR HIS PEOPLE....
  
   (1388–1389)
• Abu Bakr Shah (1389–1390)
• Nasir ud din Muhammad Shah III
  Nasir ud din Muhammad Shah III
  Nasir ud din Muhammad Shah III was ruler of the Muslim Turkic Tughlaq dynasty.Abu Bakr became ruler of the Tughlaq Empire. However, his brother or nephew, Nasir ud din Muhammad Shah III, also desired to be ruler, and struggled against Abu Bakr over the control of the throne...
  
   (1390–1394)
• Mahmud Nasir ud-Din (Sultan Mahmud) at Delhi
  Delhi
  Delhi , officially National Capital Territory of Delhi , is the largest metropolis by area and the second-largest by population in India, next to Mumbai. It is the eighth largest metropolis in the world by population with 16,753,265 inhabitants in the Territory at the 2011 Census...
  
   (1394–1413)
• Nusrat Shah at Firozabad
  Firozabad
  Firozabad is a city in India, in the state of Uttar Pradesh.The ancient name of this town was Chandwar nagar; it is said that once in reign of Akbar the great, revenue was being brought through the city. it was looted by the people who lived here...
  
  

Invasion of Timur

Timur

Timur , historically known as Tamerlane in English , was a 14th-century conqueror of West, South and Central Asia, and the founder of the Timurid dynasty in Central Asia, and great-great-grandfather of Babur, the founder of the Mughal Dynasty, which survived as the Mughal Empire in India until...

 in 1398 and the end of the Tughluq Dynasty as known earlier.

Sayyid Dynasty

Sayyid dynasty

The Sayyid dynasty ruled Delhi sultanate in India from 1414 to 1451. They succeeded the Tughlaq dynasty and ruled that sultanate until they were displaced by the Lodi dynasty.This family claimed to be Sayyids, or descendants of Prophet Muhammad...

 (1414–1451)

• Khizr (1414–1421)
• Mubarik II (1421–1434)
• Muhamed IV (1434–1445)
• Alem I (1445–1451)

Lodi Dynasty (1451–1526)

• Bahlul Khan Lodi (1451–1489)
• Sikandar Lodi (1489–1517)
• Ibrahim Lodi (1517–1526), defeated by Babur
  Babur
  Babur was a Muslim conqueror from Central Asia who, following a series of setbacks, finally succeeded in laying the basis for the Mughal dynasty of South Asia. He was a direct descendant of Timur through his father, and a descendant also of Genghis Khan through his mother...
  
   (who replaced the Delhi Sultanate
  Delhi Sultanate
  The Delhi Sultanate is a term used to cover five short-lived, Delhi based kingdoms or sultanates, of Turkic origin in medieval India. The sultanates ruled from Delhi between 1206 and 1526, when the last was replaced by the Mughal dynasty...
  
   with the Mughal Empire
  Mughal Empire
  The Mughal Empire ,‎ or Mogul Empire in traditional English usage, was an imperial power from the Indian Subcontinent. The Mughal emperors were descendants of the Timurids...
  
  )

Bahmani Sultanate

Bahmani Sultanate

The Bahmani Sultanate was a Muslim state of the Deccan in southern India and one of the great medieval Indian kingdoms...

 (1347–1527)

• Ala ud din Bahman Shah (1347–1358), established his capital at Gulbarga
  Gulbarga
  Gulbarga is a city in the Indian state of Karnataka. It is the administrative headquarters of Gulbarga District. It was formerly part of Nizam's Hyderabad state...
  
  
• Muhammad Shah I (1358–1375)
• Ala ud din Mujahid Shah (1375–1378)
• Daud Shah I (1378)
• Muhammad Shah II (1378–1397)
• Ghiyas ud din Tahmatan Shah (1397)
• Shams ud din Daud Shah II (1397)
• Taj ud din Feroz Shah (1397–1422)
• Shahab ud din Ahmad Shah I (1422–1435) established his capital at Bidar
  Bidar
  Bidar is a city in the Indian state of Karnataka. Located on the Deccan Plateau in the north-eastern part of Karnataka. It is the headquarters of the Bidar District....
  
  
• Ala ud din Ahmad Shah II (1436–1458)
• Ala ud din Humayun Shah (1458–1461)
• Nizam ud din Ahmad Shah III (1461–1463)
• Shams ud din Muhammad Shah III (1463–1482)
• Mahmud Shah
  Mahmud Shah
  Mahmud Shahs may refer to:*Mahmud Shah of Malacca , sultan of Malacca from 1488-1528*Mahmud Shah *Mir Mahmud Hotaki, Mahmud Shah Hotak, ruler of Persia/Afghanistan from 1717 to 1725...
  
   (1482–1518)
• Ahmad Shah IV (1518–1521)
• Ala ud din Shah (1521–1522)
• Waliullah Shah (1522–1524)
• Kalimullah Shah (1524–1527)

Ghoris (1390–1436)

• Dilavar Khan Husain (1390–1405)
• Alp Khan Hushang
  Hoshang Shah
  Originally known as Alp Khan, he had taken the title of Hoshang Shah or Hushang Shah Gori, when he was crowned the second King of Malwa. Alp Khan's father Dilawar Khan Ghori had belonged to the court of Firozshah Tughlaq, the Sultan of Delhi...
  
   (1405–1435)
• Ghazni Khan Muhamnmad (1435–1436)
• Mas'ud Khan (1436)

Khiljis (1436–1535)

• Mahmud Shah I (1436–1469)
• Ghiyath Shah (1469–1500)
• Nasr Shah (1500–1511)
• Mahmud Shah II
  Mahmud Shah II
  Mahmud Shah II was an infant ruler of Bengal. Habsh Khan was the effective ruler.Both of them were killed in 1490 CE by Shamsuddin Muzaffar Shah....
  
   (1511–1530)

Under Gujarat (1530–1534)

• Amit parsagandites (1534–1535)

Shaja'atid (1555–1562)

• Shaja'at Khan (1555)
• Miyan Bayezid Baz Bahadur
  Baz Bahadur
  Miyan Bayezid Baz Bahadur was the last sultan of Malwa, who reigned from 1555 to 1562. He succeeded his father, Shuja'at Khan. He is known for his romantic liaison with Roopmati, a singer of Rajput birth....
  
   (1555–1562)

Sangama Dynasty

Sangama Dynasty

The Sangama Dynasty was the first dynasty of the Vijayanagara Empire. Founded by the brothers, Harihara I and Bukka Raya I, they were sons of Bhavana Sangama...

 (1336–1487)

• Harihara I
  Harihara I
  Harihara I , also called Hakka ಹಕ್ಕ and Vira Harihara I, was the founder of the Vijayanagara empire. He was Bhavana Sangama’s eldest son, belonged to the Kuruba clan and was founder of the Sangama dynasty, the first among the four dynasties that ruled Vijayanagara...
  
   (Deva Raya) 1336–1343
• Bukka I (1343–1379)
• Harihara II
  Harihara II
  Harihara II was an emperor of the Vijayanagara Empire from the Sangama Dynasty. He patronised Kannada poet Madhura, a Jaina. An important work on Vedas was completed during his time...
  
   (1379–1399)
• Bukka II (1399–1406)
• Deva Raya I (1406–1412)
• Vira Vijaya (1412–1419)
• Deva Raya II
  Deva Raya II
  Deva Raya II was an emperor of the Vijayanagara Empire from the Sangama Dynasty. Perhaps the greatest of the Sangama dynasty rulers, he patronised some of the famous Kannada and Telugu poets of the time...
  
   (1419–1444)
• (Not known) (1444–1449)
• Mallikarjuna
  Mallikarjuna
  Mallikarjuna was Shilahara ruler of north Konkan branch from 1155–1170 CE.Mallikarjuna, who succeeded Haripaladeva, was followed by Aparaditya I, but his relation to his predecessor is not known. Three inscriptions of his reign, dated in Shaka 1106, 1107, and 1108 have been discovered at Lonad,...
  
   (1452–1465)
• Rajasekhara (1468–1469)
• Virupaksha I (1470–1471)
• Praudha Deva Raya (1476–?)
• Rajasekhara (1479–1480)
• Virupaksha II (1483–1484)
• Rajasekhara (1486–1487)

Saluva Dynasty

Saluva Dynasty

The Saluva Dynasty was created by the Saluvas who by historical tradition were natives of the Kalyani region of northern Karnataka. The Gorantla inscription traces their origins to this region from the time of the Western Chalukyas and Kalachuris of Karnataka. The term "Saluva" is known to...

 (1490–1567)

• Narasimha (1490–1503)
• Narasa (Vira Narasimha) (1503–1509)
• Krishnadevaraya
  Krishnadevaraya
  Śrī Kriṣhṇa Devarāya , , , and also known as Krishna Devarayulu in some inscriptions was the famed Emperor of the Vijayanagara Empire who reigned from 1509–1529 CE.He is the third ruler of the Tuluva Dynasty. Presiding over the empire at its zenith, he is regarded as an icon by many Indians...
  
   (1509–1530)
• Achyuta (1530–1542)
• Sadasiva (1542–1567)

Tuluva

Tuluva

The Tuluva -Geographic Distribution :Though most of the Tuluva population is found in the Tulu Nadu region, migrant poplulations are found the world over. In recent times, the first period of migration started at the beginning of the 20th century to places such as Mumbai and Chennai and other...

 Dynasty (1542–1614)

• Rama (1542–1565)
• Tirumala (1565–1567)
• Tirumala (1567–1575)
• Ranga II (1575–1586)
• Venkata I (1586–1614)

Wodeyar Dynasty (first rule, 1399–1761)

• Yaduraya (1399–1423)
• Hiriya Bettada Chamaraja Wodeyar I (1423–1459)
• Thimmaraja Wodeyar I (1459–1478)
• Hiriya Chamaraja Wodeyar II (1478–1513)
• Hiriya bettada Chamaraja Wodeyar III (1513–1553)
• Thimmaraja Wodeyar II (1553–1572)
• Bola Chamaraja Wodeyar IV (1572–1576)
• Bettada Devaraja Wodeyar (1576–1578)
• Raja Wodeyar I (1578–1617)
• Chamaraja Wodeyar V (1617–1637)
• Raja Wodeyar II (1637–1638)
• (Ranadhira) Kantheerava Narasaraja Wodeyar I
  Kanthirava Narasaraja I
  Kanthirava Narasaraja I was the Wodeyar ruler of Mysore from 1638 to 1659.-Early years:...
  
   (1638–1659)
• Dodda Devaraja Wodeyar
  Dodda Kempadevaraja
  Dodda Kempadevaraja was the wodeyar ruler of Mysore from 1659 until 1672.-Early years:...
  
   (1659–1673)
• Chikka Devaraja Wodeyar
  Chikka Devaraja
  Chikka Devaraja was the wodeyar ruler of Mysore from 1673 to 1704. During this time, Mysore saw significant expansion and also recognition by the Mughal empire as a tributary state...
  
   (1673–1704)
• Kantheerava Narasaraja Wodeyar II (1704–1714)
• Dodda Krishnaraja Wodeyar I (1714–1732)
• Chamaraja Wodeyar VI (1732–1734)
• (Immadi) Krishnaraja Wodeyar II
  Krishnaraja Wodeyar II
  Krishna Raja Wodeyar II,, was also known popularly as Immadi Krishna Raja Wadeyar.He was the titular ruler of the Kingdom of Mysore from 1734 to 1766...
  
   (1734–1766), ruled under Hyder Ali
  Hyder Ali
  Hyder Ali was the de facto ruler of the Kingdom of Mysore in southern India. Born Hyder Naik, he distinguished himself militarily, eventually drawing the attention of Mysore's rulers...
  
   from 1761
• Nanajaraja Wodeyar (1766–1772), ruled under Hyder Ali
• Bettada Chamaraja Wodeyar VII (1772–1776), ruled under Hyder Ali
• Khasa Chamaraja Wodeyar VIII (1776–1796), ruled under Hyder Ali until 1782, then under Tipu Sultan
  Tipu Sultan
  Tipu Sultan , also known as the Tiger of Mysore, was the de facto ruler of the Kingdom of Mysore. He was the son of Hyder Ali, at that time an officer in the Mysorean army, and his second wife, Fatima or Fakhr-un-Nissa...
  
   until his deposition in 1796

The reign of the Kings of Mysore (Wodeyar line) was interrupted from 1796 until 1799.

Muslim Rulers of Mysore (1761–1799)

• Hyder Ali
  Hyder Ali
  Hyder Ali was the de facto ruler of the Kingdom of Mysore in southern India. Born Hyder Naik, he distinguished himself militarily, eventually drawing the attention of Mysore's rulers...
  
  (1761–1782), Muslim commander deposing the Hindu Maharaja, fought the British
  British East India Company
  The East India Company was an early English joint-stock company that was formed initially for pursuing trade with the East Indies, but that ended up trading mainly with the Indian subcontinent and China...
  
   and Nizam
  Nizam
  Nizam-ul-Mulk of Hyderabad popularly known as Nizams of Hyderabad was a former monarchy of the Hyderabad State, now in the states of Andhra Pradesh , Karnataka , and Maharashtra in India...
  
  s of Hyderabad
  Hyderabad State
  -After Indian independence :When India gained independence in 1947 and Pakistan came into existence in 1947, the British left the local rulers of the princely states the choice of whether to join one of the new dominions or to remain independent...
  
   in the first of 4 Anglo-Mysore Wars
  Anglo-Mysore Wars
  The Anglo-Mysore Wars were a series of wars fought in India over the last three decades of the 18th century between the Kingdom of Mysore and the British East India Company, represented chiefly by the Madras Presidency...
  
  
• Tipu Sultan
  Tipu Sultan
  Tipu Sultan , also known as the Tiger of Mysore, was the de facto ruler of the Kingdom of Mysore. He was the son of Hyder Ali, at that time an officer in the Mysorean army, and his second wife, Fatima or Fakhr-un-Nissa...
  
  (Tiger of Mysore) (1782–1799), son of Hyder Ali, considered the greatest ruler of Mysore, assumed the novel style Badhshah Bahadur of Khudadad (thus claiming the paramountcy of India instead of the Mughal 'mere' Badhshah), fought the British
  British East India Company
  The East India Company was an early English joint-stock company that was formed initially for pursuing trade with the East Indies, but that ended up trading mainly with the Indian subcontinent and China...
  
  , Maratha
  Maratha
  The Maratha are an Indian caste, predominantly in the state of Maharashtra. The term Marāthā has three related usages: within the Marathi speaking region it describes the dominant Maratha caste; outside Maharashtra it can refer to the entire regional population of Marathi-speaking people;...
  
  s and Nizam
  Nizam
  Nizam-ul-Mulk of Hyderabad popularly known as Nizams of Hyderabad was a former monarchy of the Hyderabad State, now in the states of Andhra Pradesh , Karnataka , and Maharashtra in India...
  
  s of Hyderabad
  Hyderabad State
  -After Indian independence :When India gained independence in 1947 and Pakistan came into existence in 1947, the British left the local rulers of the princely states the choice of whether to join one of the new dominions or to remain independent...
  
   in the 3 Anglo-Mysore Wars
  Anglo-Mysore Wars
  The Anglo-Mysore Wars were a series of wars fought in India over the last three decades of the 18th century between the Kingdom of Mysore and the British East India Company, represented chiefly by the Madras Presidency...
  
   (where he invented iron rocket
  Rocket
  A rocket is a missile, spacecraft, aircraft or other vehicle which obtains thrust from a rocket engine. In all rockets, the exhaust is formed entirely from propellants carried within the rocket before use. Rocket engines work by action and reaction...
  
  s), allied to the French, and lost everything

Wodeyar Dynasty (second rule, 1799–1950)

• (Mummudi) Krishnaraja Wodeyar III
  Mummadi Krishnaraja Wodeyar
  Mummadi Krishnaraja Wodeyar was the ruling Maharaja of the princely state of Mysore in India. Also known as Krishnaraja Wodeyar III, he belonged to the Wodeyar dynasty and ruled his state for nearly seventy years, from 30 June 1799 to 27 March 1868. He is known for his contribution and patronage...
  
   (1799–1868)
• Chamaraja Wodeyar IX
  Chamaraja Wodeyar
  Chamaraja Wadiyar X was the ruling Maharaja of Mysore between 1881 and 1894.-Adoption and accession:Chamaraja was born at the old palace in Mysore on February 22, 1863, as the third son of Sardar Chikka Krishnaraj Urs, of the Bettada-Kote branch of the ruling clan. His father died about a week...
  
   (1868–1894)
• H.H. Vani Vilas Sannidhana
  Maharani Kempa Nanjammani Vani Vilasa Sannidhana
  Maharani Kempa Nanjammani Vani Vilasa Sannidhana was the wife of Maharaja Chamaraja Wodeyar IX and mother of Maharaja Krishnaraja Wodeyar IV.Maharani Kempananjammanni of Vani Vilasa Sannidhana [in full] occupies as high a place as any in the annals of Mysore history...
  
  , queen of Chamaraja Wodeyar IX served as regent from 1894 to 1902
• (Nalvadi) Krishnaraja Wodeyar IV
  Krishna Raja Wadiyar IV
  Krishna Raja Wadiyar IV , also known popularly as Nalvadi Krishna Raja Wadiyar , was the ruling Maharaja of the princely state of Mysore from 1902 until his death in 1940. He is regarded as one of the most celebrated rulers among the Indian States when India was still under British rule...
  
   (1894–1940)
• Jayachamaraja Wodeyar Bahadur (1940–1950)

Maharajas of Cochin

Kingdom of Cochin

Kingdom of Cochin was a late medieval Hindu kingdom and later Princely State on the Malabar Coast, South India...

 (Perumpadapu Swaroopam, 1503–1964)

Veerakerala Varma, nephew of Cheraman Perumal

Cheraman Perumal

Rama Varman Kulashekhara was the last King of the Later Chera Dynasty and the first ruler of the independent Venad state from 1102 A.D to 1122 A.D, according to the Rameswarathukoil Inscription. Kotha Varman Marthandam succeeded him as the ruler of Venad.-The end of the Chera dynasty:Rama Varman...

, is supposed to have been the first king of Cochin around the 7th century AD. But the records we have start in 1503.

1. Unniraman Koyikal I (?–1503)
2. Unniraman Koyikal II (1503–1537)
3. Veera Kerala Varma (1537–1565)
4. Keshava Rama Varma (1565–1601)
5. Veera Kerala Varma (1601–1615)
6. Ravi Varma I (1615–1624)
7. Veera Kerala Varma (1624–1637)
8. Godavarma (1637–1645)
9. Veerarayira Varma (1645–1646)
10. Veera Kerala Varma (1646–1650)
11. Rama Varma I (1650–1656)
12. Rani Gangadharalakshmi (1656–1658)
13. Rama Varma II (1658–1662)
14. Goda Varma (1662–1663)
15. Veera Kerala Varma (1663–1687)
16. Rama Varma III (1687–1693)
17. Ravi Varma II (1693–1697)
18. Rama Varma IV (1697–1701)
19. Rama Varma V (1701–1721)
20. Ravi Varma III (1721–1731)
21. Rama Varma VI (1731–1746)
22. Veera Kerala Varma I (1746–1749)
23. Rama Varma VII (1749–1760)
24. Veera Kerala Varma II (1760–1775)
25. Rama Varma VIII
    Rama Varma VIII
    Rama Varma VIII was an Indian monarch who ruled the Kingdom of Cochin from 1775 until his death in 1790.- Reign :Rama Varma VIII was the younger brother of Kerala Varma II and succeeded the latter to the throne on his death in 1775...
    
     (1775–1790)
26. Shaktan Thampuran (Rama Varma IX) (1790–1805)
27. Rama Varma X
    Rama Varma X
    Rama Varma X was an Indian monarch who ruled the Kingdom of Cochin from 1805 to 1809.- Family :Rama Varma was the son of Sakthan Thampuran's mother's younger sister and therefore his cousin...
    
     (1805–1809) - Vellarapalli-yil Theepetta Thampuran (King who died in "Vellarapali")
28. Veera Kerala Varma III
    Kerala Varma III
    Karkidaka Masathil Theepeta Thampuran , popularly known as Virulam Thampuran, was an Indian monarch who ruled the Kingdom of Cochin from 1809 to 1828...
    
     (1809–1828) - Karkidaka Maasathil Theepetta Thampuran (King who died in "karkidaka" month (Malayalam Era))
29. Rama Varma XI
    Rama Varma XI
    Rama Varma XI was an Indian monarch who ruled the Kingdom of Cochin from 1828 to 1837.- Reign :Rama Varma was the nephew of Kerala Varma III and ascended the throne on his death in August 1828. Soon after his accession, Rama Varma had differences of opinion with the Diwan Seshagiri Raya who...
    
     (1828–1837) - Thulam-Maasathil Theepett1a Thampuran (King who died in "Thulam" month (ME))
30. Rama Varma XII
    Rama Varma XII
    Rama Varma XII was an Indian monarch who ruled the Kingdom of Cochin from 1837 to 1844.- Reign :Rama Varma was a cousin of Rama Varma XI and ascended the throne on his death in November 1837. In 1840, the Diwan Venkata Subbaraya resigned and replaced with Shankara Warrier.- References :...
    
     (1837–1844) - Edava-Maasathil Theepett1a Thampuran (King who died in "Edavam" month (ME))
31. Rama Varma XIII
    Rama Varma XIII
    Rama Varma XIII was an Indian monarch who ruled the Kingdom of Cochin from 1844 to 1851.- Reign :Rama Varma was a nephew of Rama Varma XII and ascended the throne on his death in June 1844. He was the son of Ekkavu Thampuran, the ancestor of the present head of the household.- References :...
    
     (1844–1851) - Thrishur-il Theepetta Thampuran (King who died in "Thrishivaperoor" or Thrishur)
32. Veera Kerala Varma IV
    Kerala Varma IV
    Kerala Varma IV was an Indian monarch who ruled the Kingdom of Cochin from 1851 to 1853. He is posthumously known as Kaashiyil Theepetta Maharaja.- Reign :...
    
     (1851–1853) - Kashi-yil Theepetta Thampuran (King who died in "Kashi" or Varanasi)
33. Ravi Varma IV
    Ravi Varma IV
    Ravi Varma IV was an Indian monarch who ruled the Kingdom of Cochin from 1853 to 1864.- Reign :Ravi Varma was the younger brother of Kerala Varma IV and succeeded the latter on his death at Benares in February 1853. Ravi Varma was not a capable monarch and had disagreements with his Diwan Venkata...
    
     (1853–1864) - Makara Maasathil Theepetta Thampuran (King who died in "Makaram" month (ME))
34. Rama Varma XIV
    Rama Varma XIV
    Sir Rama Varma XIV KCSI was the ruler of the Kingdom of Cochin from 1864 to 1888. He was the first Maharajah of Cochin to be knighted.- Reign :...
    
     (1864–1888) - Mithuna Maasathil Theepetta Thampuran (King who died in "Mithunam" month (ME))
35. Kerala Varma V
    Kerala Varma V
    Sir Kerala Varma V KCIE was the ruler of the Kingdom of Cochin from 1888 to 1895.- Reign :When Rama Varma XIV died in August 1888, his brother Kerala Varma succeeded him. Kerala Varma was acclaimed for his proficiency over the English language. Kerala Varma was knighted even before his accession...
    
     (1888–1895) - Chingam Maasathil Theepetta Thampuran (King who died in "Chingam" month (ME))
36. Rama Varma XV (1895–1914) - a.k.a. Rajarshi, abdicated (d. in 1932)
37. Rama Varma XVI
    Rama Varma XVI
    Sir Sri Rama Varma XVI was the ruler of the Kingdom of Cochin from 1915 to 1932.- Reign :Rama Varma XVI succeeded Rama Varma XV on his abdication in 1914. Rama Varma ruled from January 25, 1915 till his death on March 21, 1932...
    
     (1915–1932) - Madrasil Theepetta Thampuran (King who died in Madras or Chennai)
38. Rama Varma XVII
    Rama Varma XVII
    Rama Varma XVII was the ruler of the Kingdom of Cochin from March 25, 1932 to May 23, 1941.-Reign:Rama Varma ascended the throne on the death of Rama Varma XVI. The Cochin harbour was expanded and the Ernakulam High Court was established during his reign. Rama Varma also showed keen interest in...
    
     (1932–1941) - Dhaarmika Chakravarthi (King of Dharma), Chowara-yil Theepetta Thampuran (King who died in "Chowara")
39. Kerala Varma VI
    Kerala Varma VI
    Kerala Varma VI was the ruler of the Kingdom of Cochin from May 23, 1941 to October 23, 1943.- Reign :Rama Varma ascended the throne on the death of Rama Varma XVII.He was a younger brother of Rama Varma XVI...
    
     (1941–1943) - Midukkan (syn: Smart, expert, great) Thampuran
40. Ravi Varma V (1943–1946) - Kunjappan Thampuran (Brother of Midukkan Thampuran)
41. Kerala Varma (1946–1948) - Ikya-Keralam (Unified Kerala) Thampuran
42. Rama Varma (1948–1964) - Pareekshit Thampuran

Qutb Shahi Dynasty

Qutb Shahi dynasty

The Qutb Shahi dynasty was a Turko-Persian dynasty ; its members were collectively called the Qutub Shahis. They were the ruling family of the kingdom of Golkonda in modern-day Andra Pradesh, India. They were Shia Muslims and belonged to Kara Koyunlu...

 (1518–1687)

• Sultan Quli Qutbl Mulk (1518–1543)
• Jamsheed Quli Qutb Shah
  Jamsheed Quli Qutb Shah
  Jamsheed Quli Qutb Shah was the second ruler of the Sultanate of Golkonda under the Qutb Shahi dynasty. He ruled from 1543 to 1550....
  
   (1543–1550)
• Subhan Quli Qutb Shah
  Subhan Quli Qutb Shah
  Subhan Quli Qutb Shah was 7 years old, when he became Sultan of Golconda, after the death of his father Jamsheed Quli Qutb Shah, in 1550. Saif Khan, also known as Ainul Mulk, was sent from Ahmednagar for the performance of duties of regent during the boy's development...
  
   (1550)
• Ibrahim Quli Qutub Shah
  Ibrahim Quli Qutb Shah Wali
  Ibrahim Qutb Shah Wali was the third ruler of the kingdom of Golconda in southern India under the Qutb Shahi dynasty. He ruled from 1550 to 1580....
  
   (1550–1580)
• Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah
  Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah
  Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah was the fifth sultan of the Qutb Shahi dynasty of Golkonda in south India. He founded the city of Bhagyanagar i.e. Hyderabad - Hyderabad, India and built its architectural centerpiece, the Charminar...
  
   (1580–1612)
• Sultan Muhammad Qutb Shah
  Sultan Muhammad Qutb Shah
  Sultan Muhammad Qutb Shah was the sixth ruler of the kingdom of Golconda in southern India under the Qutb Shahi dynasty. He ruled from 1611 to 1625. He was the nephew and son-in-law of Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah having married Muhammad's daughter Hayat Bakshi Begum in 1607...
  
   (1612–1626)
• Abdullah Qutb Shah
  Abdullah Qutb Shah
  Abdullah Qutb Shah was the seventh ruler of the kingdom of Golconda in southern India under the Qutb Shahi dynasty. He ruled from 1625 to 1672....
  
   (1626–1672)
• Abul Hasan Qutb Shah
  Abul Hasan Qutb Shah
  Abul Hasan Qutb Shah was the eighth and last ruler of the Qutb Shahi dynasty, who ruled the kingdom of Golconda in south India...
  
   (1672–1687)

Mughal Dynasty (first rule, 1526–1540)

• Zahir ud din Muhammad Babur
  Babur
  Babur was a Muslim conqueror from Central Asia who, following a series of setbacks, finally succeeded in laying the basis for the Mughal dynasty of South Asia. He was a direct descendant of Timur through his father, and a descendant also of Genghis Khan through his mother...
  
   (1526–1530), descendant of Mongol conqueror Timur
  Timur
  Timur , historically known as Tamerlane in English , was a 14th-century conqueror of West, South and Central Asia, and the founder of the Timurid dynasty in Central Asia, and great-great-grandfather of Babur, the founder of the Mughal Dynasty, which survived as the Mughal Empire in India until...
  
  , established the Mughal Empire
  Mughal Empire
  The Mughal Empire ,‎ or Mogul Empire in traditional English usage, was an imperial power from the Indian Subcontinent. The Mughal emperors were descendants of the Timurids...
  
   (one of the 3 earliest gunpowder empires) after defeating the Delhi Sultanate
  Delhi Sultanate
  The Delhi Sultanate is a term used to cover five short-lived, Delhi based kingdoms or sultanates, of Turkic origin in medieval India. The sultanates ruled from Delhi between 1206 and 1526, when the last was replaced by the Mughal dynasty...
  
  
• Nasir ud din Muhammad Humayun
  Humayun
  Nasir ud-din Muhammad Humayun was the second Mughal Emperor who ruled present day Afghanistan, Pakistan, and parts of northern India from 1530–1540 and again from 1555–1556. Like his father, Babur, he lost his kingdom early, but with Persian aid, he eventually regained an even larger one...
  
   (1530–1540), temporarily losed his empire to the usurper Sher Shah
  Sher Shah Suri
  Sher Shah Suri , birth name Farid Khan, also known as Sher Khan , was the founder of the short-lived Sur Empire in northern India, with its capital at Delhi, before its demise in the hands of the resurgent Mughal Empire...
  
   after being defeated by him

Suri Dynasty (1540–1555)

• Sher Shah
  Sher Shah Suri
  Sher Shah Suri , birth name Farid Khan, also known as Sher Khan , was the founder of the short-lived Sur Empire in northern India, with its capital at Delhi, before its demise in the hands of the resurgent Mughal Empire...
  
   (1540–1545), seized the Mughal Empire after defeating the second Mughal Emperor Humayun
  Humayun
  Nasir ud-din Muhammad Humayun was the second Mughal Emperor who ruled present day Afghanistan, Pakistan, and parts of northern India from 1530–1540 and again from 1555–1556. Like his father, Babur, he lost his kingdom early, but with Persian aid, he eventually regained an even larger one...
  
  
• Islam Shah Suri
  Islam Shah Suri
  Islam Shah Suri was the second ruler of the Sur dynasty which ruled part of India in the mid-16th century. His original name was Jalal Khan and he was the second son of Sher Shah Suri. On his father's death, an emergency meeting of nobles chose him to be successor instead of his elder brother Adil...
  
   (1545–1553)
• Adil Shah
  Adil Shah
  Adil or Adel Shah Afshar or Ali Qoli was Shah of Persia from 1747 until 1748.Subsequent to the assassination of Nader Shah in Fathabad , his nephew Ali Qoli declared himself Adil Shah , and shah of Persia...
  
   (1553), became insane and handed over rule to Hindu king Hemu

Mughal Dynasty (restored, 1556–1857)

• Nasir ud din Muhammad Humayun
  Humayun
  Nasir ud-din Muhammad Humayun was the second Mughal Emperor who ruled present day Afghanistan, Pakistan, and parts of northern India from 1530–1540 and again from 1555–1556. Like his father, Babur, he lost his kingdom early, but with Persian aid, he eventually regained an even larger one...
  
   (1556), restored his empire after defeating Suri-ruler Adil Shah
• Jalal ud din Muhammad Akbar (Akbar the Great
  Akbar the Great
  Akbar , also known as Shahanshah Akbar-e-Azam or Akbar the Great , was the third Mughal Emperor. He was of Timurid descent; the son of Emperor Humayun, and the grandson of the Mughal Emperor Zaheeruddin Muhammad Babur, the ruler who founded the Mughal dynasty in India...
  
  ) (1556–1605), considered the greatest of all Mughals, unified India ('Hind') under the Mughal Empire
  Mughal Empire
  The Mughal Empire ,‎ or Mogul Empire in traditional English usage, was an imperial power from the Indian Subcontinent. The Mughal emperors were descendants of the Timurids...
  
  
• Nur ud din Muhammad Jahangir
  Jahangir
  Jahangir was the ruler of the Mughal Empire from 1605 until his death. The name Jahangir is from Persian جهانگیر,meaning "Conqueror of the World"...
  
   (1605–1627), known in legends as Shehzada Salim
• Dawar Baksh (1627–1628) was a stop gap arrangement until Shihab-ud-din Shah Jahan
  Shah Jahan
  Shah Jahan Shah Jahan (also spelled Shah Jehan, Shahjehan, , Persian: شاه جهان) (January 5, 1592 – January 22, 1666) Shah Jahan (also spelled Shah Jehan, Shahjehan, , Persian: شاه جهان) (January 5, 1592 – January 22, 1666) (Full title: His Imperial Majesty Al-Sultan al-'Azam wal Khaqan...
  
   (1627–1657) took over
• Shihab-ud-din Shah Jahan
  Shah Jahan
  Shah Jahan Shah Jahan (also spelled Shah Jehan, Shahjehan, , Persian: شاه جهان) (January 5, 1592 – January 22, 1666) Shah Jahan (also spelled Shah Jehan, Shahjehan, , Persian: شاه جهان) (January 5, 1592 – January 22, 1666) (Full title: His Imperial Majesty Al-Sultan al-'Azam wal Khaqan...
  
   (1627–1657), built the Taj Mahal
  Taj Mahal
  The Taj Mahal is a white Marble mausoleum located in Agra, India. It was built by Mughal emperor Shah Jahan in memory of his third wife, Mumtaz Mahal...
  
  , which is often regarded as one of the Seven Wonders of the World
• Muhiuddin Muhammad Aurangzeb Alamgir
  Aurangzeb
  Abul Muzaffar Muhy-ud-Din Muhammad Aurangzeb Alamgir , more commonly known as Aurangzeb or by his chosen imperial title Alamgir , was the sixth Mughal Emperor of India, whose reign lasted from 1658 until his death in 1707.Badshah Aurangzeb, having ruled most of the Indian subcontinent for nearly...
  
   (1658–1707), expanded the Mughal Empire
  Mughal Empire
  The Mughal Empire ,‎ or Mogul Empire in traditional English usage, was an imperial power from the Indian Subcontinent. The Mughal emperors were descendants of the Timurids...
  
   to its greatest extent, ruling over most of South Asia
  South Asia
  South Asia, also known as Southern Asia, is the southern region of the Asian continent, which comprises the sub-Himalayan countries and, for some authorities , also includes the adjoining countries to the west and the east...
  
   and Afghanistan
  Afghanistan
  Afghanistan , officially the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, is a landlocked country located in the centre of Asia, forming South Asia, Central Asia and the Middle East. With a population of about 29 million, it has an area of , making it the 42nd most populous and 41st largest nation in the world...
  
  
• Bahadur Shah I
  Bahadur Shah I
  Bahadur Shah was a Mughal Emperor, who ruled India from 1707 to 1712. His original name was Qutb ud-Din Muhammad Mu'azzam later titled as Shah Alam by his father. He took the throne name Bahadur Shah in 1707. His name Bahādur means "brave" & "hero" in Turko-Mongol languages...
  
   (1707–1712)
• Jahandar Shah
  Jahandar Shah
  Jahandar Shah was a Mughal Emperor who ruled India for a brief period in 1712-1713. His title was Shahanshah-i-Ghazi Abu'l Fath Muiz-ud-Din Muhammad Jahandar Shah Sahib-i-Quran Padshah-i-Jahan .-Early life:...
  
   (1712–1713)
• Farrukh Siyar (1713–1719)
• Rafi ud Darajat (1719)
• Rafi ud Daulah (1719)
• Nikusiyar
  Nikusiyar
  Neku Siyar, or Nikusiyar Mohammed, was a claimaint to the throne of India. He had been in prison from 1681 to 1719 and initiated a war to seize the throne in 1719. He was son of rebel Muhammad Akbar, son of Aurangzeb and was brought up in a harem in Agra...
  
   (1719)
• Muhammad Shah
  Muhammad Shah
  Muhammad Shah also known as Roshan Akhtar, was a Mughal emperor of India between 1719 and 1748. He was son of Khujista Akhtar Jahan Shah, the fourth son of Bahadur Shah I. Ascending the throne at 17 with the help of the Sayyid Brothers, he later got rid of them with the help of Nizam-ul-Mulk Chin...
  
   (first rule, 1719–1720)
• Muhammad Ibrahim (1720)
• Muhammad Shah
  Muhammad Shah
  Muhammad Shah also known as Roshan Akhtar, was a Mughal emperor of India between 1719 and 1748. He was son of Khujista Akhtar Jahan Shah, the fourth son of Bahadur Shah I. Ascending the throne at 17 with the help of the Sayyid Brothers, he later got rid of them with the help of Nizam-ul-Mulk Chin...
  
   (restored) (1720–1748)
• Ahmad Shah Bahadur
  Ahmad Shah Bahadur
  Ahmad Shah Bahadur was born to Mughal Emperor Muhammad Shah. He succeeded his father to the throne as the 15th Mughal Emperor in 1748 at the age of 22. His mother was Udhambai, . When Ahmed Shah came to power the rule of the Mughal Empire was collapsing...
  
   (1748–1754)
• Alamgir II
  Alamgir II
  Aziz-ud-din Alamgir II was the Mughal Emperor of India from 3 June 1754 to 29 November 1759. He was the son of Jahandar Shah....
  
   (1754–1759)
• Shah Jahan III
  Shah Jahan III
  Shah Jahan III also known as Muhi-ul-millat was Mughal Emperor briefly. He was the son of Muhi-us-sunnat, the eldest son of Muhammad Kam Baksh who was the youngest son of Aurangzeb...
  
   (1760)
• Shah Alam II
  Shah Alam II
  Shah Alam II , also known as Ali Gauhar, was a Mughal emperor of India. A son of Alamgir II, he was exiled to Allahabad in December 1759 by Ghazi-ud-Din, who appointed Shah Jahan III as the emperor. Later, he was nominated as the emperor by Ahmad Shah.Shah Alam II was considered the only and...
  
   (1759–1806)
• Akbar Shah II
  Akbar Shah II
  Akbar Shah II , also known as Mirza Akbar, was the second-to-last of the Mughal emperors of India. He held the title from 1806 to 1837. He was the second son of Shah Alam II and the father of Bahadur Shah Zafar II....
  
   (1806–1837)
• Bahadur Shah II (1837–1857)

Maratha Empire

Maratha Empire

The Maratha Empire or the Maratha Confederacy was an Indian imperial power that existed from 1674 to 1818. At its peak, the empire covered much of South Asia, encompassing a territory of over 2.8 million km²....

 (1674–1818)

• Chattrapati Shivaji Maharaj (born on 19 February, 1630, crowned on 6 June, 1674; and died on 3 April, 1680)
• Chhatrapati Sambhaji
  Sambhaji
  Sambhaji Raje Bhosle was the eldest son and successor to Emporer Shivaji, the founder of the Maratha empire.- Early life :...
  
   (1680–1688), elder son of Shivaji
• Chhatrapati Rajaram (1688–1700), younger son of Shivaji
  • Rajmata Tarabai
    Tarabai
    Tarabai was a queen of the Maratha Empire in India. Her husband was Chhatrapati Rajaram, son of Shivaji. Tarabai was the daughter of the famed Maratha general Hambirao Mohite...
    
    , regent (1700–1707), widow of Chhatrapati Rajaram
• Chhatrapati Shivaji II (b. 1696, ruled 1700–14); first of the Kolhapur Chhatrapatis

The Empire was divided between two branches of the family c. 1707–10; and the division was formalized in 1731.

Chhatrapati

Chhatrapati

Chhatrapati is the Indian honorific title equivalent to the European Emperor. It is more formally written as Kshetrapati, from the Sanskrit kshetra- and -pati...

s at Kolhapur (1700–1947)

• Chhatrapati Shivaji II (b. 1696, ruled 1700–14)
• Sambhaji II of Kolhapur (b. 1698, r. 1714–60)
  • Rajmata Jijibai, regent (1760–73), senior widow of Sambhaji II
  • Rajmata Durgabai, regent (1773–79), junior widow of Sambhaji II
• Shahu Shivaji II of Kolhapur (r. 1762–1813); adopted by Jijibai, his predecessor's senior widow
• Sambhaji III of Kolhapur (b. 1801, r. 1813–21)
• Shivaji III of Kolhapur (b. 1816, r. 1821–22) (council of regency)
• Shahaji I of Kolhapur (b. 1802, r. 1822–38)
• Shivaji IV of Kolhapur (b. 1830, r. 1838–66)
• Rajaram I
  Rajaram I
  Rajaram I was a Raja of Kolhapur from 17 August 1866 to 30 November 1870. During his reign, the gun salute of the state was increased from 17 to 19 guns. The first of his line to travel abroad, he died aged 20 in Florence, Italy and was cremated on the banks of the Arno River by special...
  
   of Kolhapur (r. 1866–70)
  • Council of regency (1870–94)
• Shivaji V of Kolhapur (b. 1863, r. 1871–83); adopted by his predecessor's widow
• Rajarshi Shahu IV of Kolhapur (b. 1874, r. 1884–1922); adopted by his predecessor's widow
• Rajaram II
  Rajaram II
  Rajaram II was the Maharaja of Kolhapur from 1922–1940, succeeding his father Maharaja Shahu IV. A benevolent ruler, he was instrumental in the uplifting of the dalits and depressed castes in his state...
  
   of Kolhapur (b. 1897 r. 1922–40)
  • Indumati Tarabai of Kolhapur, regent (1940–47), widow of Rajaram II
• Shivaji VI of Kolhapur (b. 1941, r. 1941–46); adopted by his predecessor's widow
• Shahaji II of Kolhapur (b. 1910, r. 1947, d. 1983); formerly Maharaja of Dewas Senior; adopted by Indumati Tarabai, widow of Rajaram II

The state acceded unto the Dominion of India

Dominion of India

The Dominion of India, also known as the Union of India or the Indian Union , was a predecessor to modern-day India and an independent state that existed between 15 August 1947 and 26 January 1950...

 following the independence of India in 1947.

Chhatrapati

Chhatrapati

Chhatrapati is the Indian honorific title equivalent to the European Emperor. It is more formally written as Kshetrapati, from the Sanskrit kshetra- and -pati...

s at Satara

Satara

Satara is a city located in the Satara District of Maharashtra state of India. The town is 2320 ft. above sea-level, near the confluence of the Krishna and its tributary river Venna. The city was the capital of the Maratha empire in the 17th century, hence one of the the historical cities of...

 (1707–1839)

• Chattrapati Shahu Maharaj
  Shahuji
  Shahu Sambhaji Raje Bhosale Chhatrapati Maharaj was the fourth ruler of the Maratha Empire created by his grandfather, Chhatrapati Shivaji, and was officially the Raja of Satara...
  
   (b. 1682, r. 1707–1749)
• Rajaram II of Satara
  Rajaram II of Satara
  Ramaraja was the fifth monarch of the Maratha Confederacy. He was the adoptive son of Chhatrapati Shahuji, and the putative grandson of Chhatrapati Rajaram. The early years of his reign were marked by controversy over his succession, as the dowager queen Tarabai denounced him and alleging that he...
  
   (b. 1749, r. 1749–77)
• Shahu II of Satara (r. 1777–1810)
• Chhatrapati Pratapsinh of Satara (b. 1793, r. 1810–39)

The state was annexed by the British in 1839.

The Peshwa

Peshwa

A Peshwa is the titular equivalent of a modern Prime Minister. Emporer Shivaji created the Peshwa designation in order to more effectively delegate administrative duties during the growth of the Maratha Empire. Prior to 1749, Peshwas held office for 8-9 years and controlled the Maratha army...

s (1713–1858)

Technically they were not monarchs, but hereditary prime ministers, though in fact they ruled instead of the Maharaja, and were hegemon of the Maratha confederation.

• Balaji Vishwanath
  Balaji Vishwanath
  Balaji Vishwanath Bhat , better known as Peshwa Balaji Vishwanath, was the first of a series of hereditary Peshwas hailing from the Brahmin family who gained effective control of the Maratha Empire during the 18th century...
  
  (1713–2 April 1720) (b. 1660, died 2 April, 1720)
• Peshwa Bajirao I (17 April 1720–28 April 1740) (b. 18 Aug. 1700, died 28 April 1740)
• Balaji Bajirao
  Peshwa
  A Peshwa is the titular equivalent of a modern Prime Minister. Emporer Shivaji created the Peshwa designation in order to more effectively delegate administrative duties during the growth of the Maratha Empire. Prior to 1749, Peshwas held office for 8-9 years and controlled the Maratha army...
  
  (4 July 1740–23 June 1761) (b. 8 Dec. 1721, d. 23 Jun. 1761)
• Madhavrao Ballal (1761–18 Nov. 1772) (b. 16 Feb. 1745, d. 18 Nov. 1772)
• Narayanrao Bajirao (13 Dec. 1772–30 Aug. 1773) (b. 10 Aug. 1755, d. 30 Aug. 1773)
• Raghunath Rao Bajirao (5 Dec. 1773–1774) (b. 18 Aug. 1734, d. 11 Dec. 1783)
• Sawai Madhavrao (1774–27 Oct. 1795) (b. 18 April 1774, d. 27 Oct. 1795)
• Baji Rao II
  Baji Rao II
  Baji Rao II was the last Peshwa of the Maratha Confederacy, and governed from 1796 to 1818. His reign was marked by confrontations with the British.-Biography:...
  
  (6 Dec. 1796–3 June 1818) (d. 28 Jan. 1851)
• Nana Sahib
  Nana Sahib
  Nana Sahib , born as Dhondu Pant, was an Indian leader during the Rebellion of 1857. As the adopted son of the exiled Maratha Peshwa Baji Rao II, he sought to restore the Maratha confederacy and the Peshwa tradition....
  
  (1 July 1857–1858) (b. 19 May 1825, d. 24 Sep. 1859)

Maharajas of Thanjavur (?–1799)

Descended from a brother of Shivaji; ruled independently and had no formal relationship with the Maratha Empire

Maratha Empire

The Maratha Empire or the Maratha Confederacy was an Indian imperial power that existed from 1674 to 1818. At its peak, the empire covered much of South Asia, encompassing a territory of over 2.8 million km²....

.

• Ekoji I
  Ekoji I
  Venkoji or Ekoji I was the younger half-brother of Shivaji and founder of Maratha rule in Thanjavur...
  
  
• Shahuji I of Thanjavur
  Shahuji I of Thanjavur
  Shahuji I also called Shahji was the second Maratha ruler of Thanjavur. He was the eldest son of Ekoji I, brother of Shivaji and the first Maratha ruler of Thanjavur...
  
  
• Serfoji I
  Serfoji I
  Serfoji I , also called Sarabhoji I, was the son of the Maratha ruler of Thanjavur Ekoji I and the Raja of Thanjavur from 1712 to 1728. He was the third Raja of the Bhonsle dynasty. He consolidated the hold of Marathas over Thanjavur and patronised arts and literature.- The Marava War of...
  
  
• Tukkoji
  Tukkoji
  Tukkoji was the fourth Maratha ruler of Thanjavur. He was from the Bhonsle dynasty and was the son of Ekoji I as well as the younger brother of Shahuji I and Serfoji I...
  
  
• Ekoji II
  Ekoji II
  Ekoji II was the eldest surviving son of Maratha king of Thanjavur Tukkoji who succeeded to the throne on the death of his father in 1736. His reign was remarkably short and he died due to ill-health in 1737.- Reign :...
  
  
• Sujanbai
  Sujanbai
  Sujanbai was the wife of Ekoji II, the Maratha ruler of Thanjavur. She ruled the state from the death of her husband in 1737 until she was deposed in 1738.- Reign :...
  
  
• Shahuji II of Thanjavur
  Shahuji II of Thanjavur
  Shahuji II of Katturaja was the name of the ruler of Thanjavur from 1738 to 1739 who rose to power based on the unverified claim of being an illegitimate son of Serfoji I.-Rise to Power:...
  
  
• Pratapsingh of Thanjavur
  Pratapsingh of Thanjavur
  Pratapsingh or Pratap Singh was the Maratha ruler of Thanjavur from 1739 to 1763. His rise to power followed three years of anarchy and civil war and restored the state to its previous greatness...
  
   (r. 1737–63)
• Tulojirao Bhonsle of Thanjavur (b. 1738, r. 1763–87), elder son of Pratapasimha
• Serfoji II
  Serfoji II
  Serfoji II was the last ruler of the Maratha principality of Tanjore to exercise absolute sovereignty over his dominions. His descendants, however, have managed to thrive as titular Maharajahs of Thanjavur to the present day...
  
   of Thanjavur (r. 1787–93 & 1798–99, d. 1832); adoptive son of Tuloji Bhonsle
• Ramaswami Amarasimha Bhonsle
  Ramaswami Amarasimha Bhonsle
  Amar Singh or Ramaswami Amarasimha Bhonsle was the younger son of the Maratha Raja of Thanjavur Pratapasimha and served as the regent soon after the death of his brother Thuljaji II and ruled Thanjavur in the name of Thuljaji's minor son Serfoji II from 1787 to 1793...
  
   (r. 1793–98); younger son of Pratapasimha

The state was annexed by the British in 1799.

Holkar

Holkar

The Holkar dynasty , whose earliest known clan-man was Malhar Rao, who joined the service of the Peshwa in 1721, and quickly rose to the ranks of Subedar...

 Maharajas Rulers of Indore

Indore

Indore is one of the major city in India, the largest city and commercial center of the state of Madhya Pradesh in central India. Indore is located 190 km west of the state capital Bhopal. According to the 2011 Indian census, Indore city has a population of 1,960,631...

 (1731–1948)

1. Malharrao Holkar
   Malhar Rao Holkar
   Malhar Rao Holkar was a noble of the Maratha Empire, in present day India. Malhar Rao is particularly known for being the first Maratha Subhedar of Malwa in Central India. Born in a Dhangar family he was the first prince from the Holkar family which ruled the state of Indore...
   
    (I) (r. 2 November, 1731 – 19 May, 1766)
2. Malerao Khanderao Holkar (r. 23 August, 1766 – 5 April, 1767)
3. Punyaslok Rajmata Ahilyadevi Holkar (as a regent) (r. 5 April, 1767 – 13 August, 1795)
4. Tukojirao Holkar (I) (r. 13 August, 1795 – 29 January, 1797)
5. Kashirao Tukojirao Holkar (r. 29 January, 1797 – 1798)
6. Yashwantrao Holkar
   Yashwantrao Holkar
   H. H. Maharajadhiraj Raj Rajeshwar Sawai Shrimant Yashwant Rao Holkar Bahadur, Nusrat Jang, Maharaja of Maratha Empire, was born on 3 December 1776...
   
    (I) (r. 1798 – 27.11.1811)
7. Malharrao Yashwantrao Holkar (III) (r. November 1811 – 27 October, 1833)
8. Martandrao Malharrao Holkar (r. 17 January, 1834 – 2 February, 1834)
9. Harirao Vitthojirao Holkar (r. 17 April, 1834 – 24 October, 1843)
10. Khanderao Harirao Holkar (r. 13 November, 1843 – 17 February, 1844)
11. Tukojirao Gandharebhau Holkar (II) (r. 27 June, 1844 – 17 June, 1886)
12. Shivajirao Tukojirao Holkar (r. 17 June, 1886 – 31 January, 1903)
13. Tukojirao Shivajirao Holkar (III) (r. 31 January, 1903 – 26 February, 1926)
14. Yashwantrao Holkar (II) (r. 26 February, 1926 – 1961)

Following the independence of India in 1947, the state acceded unto the Dominion of India

Dominion of India

The Dominion of India, also known as the Union of India or the Indian Union , was a predecessor to modern-day India and an independent state that existed between 15 August 1947 and 26 January 1950...

.
The monarchy was ended in 1948, but the title is still held by Usha Devi Maharaj Sahiba Holkar XV Bahadur, Maharani of Indore since 1961.

Scindia Rulers of Gwalior (?–1947)

• Ranojirao Scindia, Patil of Kanherkheda near Satara
• Jayappa Scindia
  Jayappa Scindia
  Jayappa Scindia was a Maratha general. He ruled Gwalior State in northern India from 1745 to 1755, succeeding his father Ranoji Scindia who had founded it....
  
   (d. 1755), established rule over much of north India
  North India
  North India, known natively as Uttar Bhārat or Shumālī Hindustān , is a loosely defined region in the northern part of India. The exact meaning of the term varies by usage...
  
  
• Janakappa I Scindia (r. 1755–1761)
  • Interregnum
• Mahadji Shinde (r. 1768–94)
• Daulatrao Scindia (r. 1794–1827)
• Janakappa II Scindia (b. 1805, r. 1827–43) adopted by his predecessor's widow
• Jayajirao Scindia
  Jayajirao Scindia
  |Jayajirao Scindia of the Scindia dynasty was the ruling Maharajah of Gwalior from 1843 to 1886 under the British rule.-Early life:...
  
   (b. 1835, r. 1843–66)
• Madhavrao Scindia II (b. 1876, r. 1886–1925)
• Jivajirao Scindia (b. 1916, r. 1925–47, d. 1961)

Following the independence of India in 1947, the state acceded unto the Dominion of India

Dominion of India

The Dominion of India, also known as the Union of India or the Indian Union , was a predecessor to modern-day India and an independent state that existed between 15 August 1947 and 26 January 1950...

.

Nawabs of Bengal (1707–1770)

• Murshid Quli Jafar Khan (1707–1727)
• Sujauddin Khan
  Shuja-ud-Din Muhammad Khan
  Shuja-ud-Din Muhammad Khan was the second Nawab of Bengal. He married Zainab un-nisa Begum, the daughter of Murshid Quli Khan and after the death of his father-in-law on June 30, 1727, he became the Nawab Nazim of Bengal Subah .-Early life:Born at Burhanpur, Deccan, as Mirza Shuja ud-din Muhammad...
  
   (1727–1739)
• Sarfraz Khan
  Sarfraz Khan
  -Early life:Born Mirza Asadullah, sometime after 1700, he ascended as the Nawab of Bengal under the title Mutaman ul-Mulk, Ala ud-Daula, Nawab Sarfaraz Khan Bahadur, Haidar Jang [Mirza Asadullah], Nawab Nazim of Bengal, Bihar and Orissa...
  
   (1739–1740)
• Alivardi Khan
  Alivardi Khan
  Ali Vardi Khan was the Nawab of Bengal, Bihar and Orissa during 1740 - 1756. He toppled the Nasiri Dynasty of Bengal and took power as Nawab.-Early life:...
  
   (1740–1756)
• Siraj Ud Daulah (1756–1757)
• Mir Jafar
  Mir Jafar
  -Notes:# "Riyazu-s-salatin", Ghulam Husain Salim - a reference to the appointment of Mohanlal can be found # "Seir Muaqherin", Ghulam Husain Tabatabai - a reference to the conspiracy can be found...
  
   (1757–1760)
• Mir Qasim
  Mir Qasim
  Mir Qasim was Nawab of Bengal from 1760 to 1764. He was installed as Nawab by the British East India Company replacing Mir Jafar, his father-in-law, who had himself been installed by the British after his role in the Battle of Plassey...
  
   (1760–1763)
• Mir Jafar Khan (1763–1765)
• Najm ud Daulah
  Najm ud Daulah
  Najm ud Daulah , son of Mir Jafar and his first wife Muni Begum, was the Nawab of Bengal from 1765 to 1766. His full name upon becoming Nawab was "Sujah-ul-Mulk Najimuddaula Nawab Nazim Najimuddin Ali Khan Bahadur Mahabat Jang".- Nawab of Bengal :...
  
   (1765–1766)
• Saif ud Daulah
  Saif ud Daulah
  Saif ud Daulah , son of Mir Jafar and his first wife Muni Begum, was the Nawab of Bengal from 1766 to 1770.Full name upon being Nawab was "Saif-ul-Mulk Saifuddaula Nawab Nazim Syed Najabut Ali Khan Bahadur Shahamut Jang ".- Nawab of Bengal :...
  
   (1766–1770)

Nawab

Nawab

A Nawab or Nawaab is an honorific title given to Muslim rulers of princely states in South Asia. It is the Muslim equivalent of the term "maharaja" that was granted to Hindu rulers....

s of Awadh

Awadh

Awadh , also known in various British historical texts as Oudh or Oude derived from Ayodhya, is a region in the centre of the modern Indian state of Uttar Pradesh, which was before independence known as the United Provinces of Agra and Oudh...

/Oudh (1719–1858)

• Saadat Ali Khan I (1719–1737)
• Safdar Jang (1737–1753)
• Shuja-ud-Daula
  Shuja-ud-Daula
  Shuja-ud-Daula was the Subedar Nawab of Oudh from 5 October 1754 to 26 January 1775, and the son of Muhammad Nasir.Though a minor royal, he is best known for his key roles in two definitive battles in Indian history - the Third Battle of Panipat which ended Maratha domination of India, and the...
  
   (1753–1775)
• Asaf-Ud-Daula (1775–1797)
• Wazir Ali Khan (1797–1798)
• Saadat Ali Khan II (1798–1814)
• Akhil Sharma (1814–1827)
• Nasiruddin Haider
  Nasiruddin Haider
  Nasir-ud-din Haidar was the second King of Oudh from 19 October 1827 to 7 July 1837.-Life:He was the son of Ghaziuddin Haider....
  
   (1827–1837)
• Muhammad Ali Shah
  Muhammad Ali Shah
  Muhammad Ali Shah was the third King of Oudh from 7 July 1837 to 17 May 1842.-Life:Muhammad Ali Shah was son of Saadat Ali brother of Ghaziuddin Haider and uncle of Nasiruddin Haider....
  
   (1837–1842)
• Amjad Ali Shah
  Amjad Ali Shah
  Amjad Ali Shah was the fourth King of Oudh from 17 May 1842 to 13 February 1847.- Life :He was son of Muhammad Ali Shah...
  
   (1842–1847)
• Wajid Ali Shah
  Wajid Ali Shah
  Wajid Ali Shah was the fifth King of Oudh, holding the position from 13 February 1847 to 7 February 1856....
  
   (1847–1856)
• Birjis Qadra
  Birjis Qadra
  Berjis Qadr was the son of Wajid Ali Shah and was last, Padshah-e Awadh, Shah-e Zaman.-External links:* * * *...
  
   (1856–1858)

Nizam

Nizam

Nizam-ul-Mulk of Hyderabad popularly known as Nizams of Hyderabad was a former monarchy of the Hyderabad State, now in the states of Andhra Pradesh , Karnataka , and Maharashtra in India...

s of Hyderabad

Hyderabad State

-After Indian independence :When India gained independence in 1947 and Pakistan came into existence in 1947, the British left the local rulers of the princely states the choice of whether to join one of the new dominions or to remain independent...

 (1720–1948)

• Mir Qamaruddin Khan, Nizal ul Mulk, Asif Jah I (1720–1748)
• Mir Ahmed Ali Khan Nasir Jang Nazam-ud-Dowlah
  Nasir Jang Mir Ahmad
  Nasir Jang Mir Ahmad Humayum Jung Nizam ud Daula s/o Mir Qamaruddin Khan Siddiqi Nizam I by his wife Saidunisa Begum was the Nizam, or ruler, of the Hyderabad State from 1748 to 1750.-Official name:...
  
   (1748–1750)
• Nawab Hidayat Mohuddin Sa'adu'llah Khan Bahadur, Muzaffar Jang
  Muhyi ad-Din Muzaffar Jang Hidayat
  Muhyi ad-Din Muzaffar Jang Hidayat was the ruler of Hyderabad briefly, from 1750 to his death in battle in 1751.-Birth:...
  
   (1750–1751)
• Nawab Syed Mohammed Khan, Amir ul Mulk, Salabat Jang
  Asaf ad-Dawlah Mir Ali Salabat Jang
  Asaf ad-Dawlah Mir Ali Salabat Jang was the Nizam of Hyderabad. He was the third son of H.H. Asaf Jah I Nayab, Subedar of the Deccan. He was appointed as Deputy Viceroy to his elder brother, Ghazi Uddin, in 1751...
  
   (1751–1762)
• Nawab Mir Nizam Ali Khan Bahadur, Nizam ul Mulk, Asif Jah II
  Ali Khan Asaf Jah II
  Nawab Mir Nizam Ali Khan Siddiqi Bahadur Asaf Jah II was the Nizam of Hyderabad State in South India between 1762 and 1803.-Official name:...
  
   (1762–1803)
• Nawab Mir Akbar Ali Khan Sikandar Jah, Asif Jah III
  Mir Akbar Ali Khan Asif Jah III
  Mir Akbar Ali Khan Siddiqi Sikander Jah Asaf Jah III , Nizam of Hyderabad, was the ruler of Hyderabad state in India from 1803 to 1829.-Birth:...
  
   (1803–1829)
• Nawab Mir Farkhonda Ali Khan Nasir-ud-Daulah, Asif Jah IV
  Nasir-ud-dawlah, Asif Jah IV
  Nasir ad-Dawlah Mir Farqunda Ali Khan Siddiqi, Asaf Jah IV, Nizam of Hyderabad , was the ruler of Hyderabad state in India from 1829 to 1857. He was the eldest son of Asaf Jah III.-Reign:During his reign General C.B...
  
   (1829–1857)
• Nawab Mir Tahniat Ali Khan Afzal ud Daulah, Asif Jah V
  Afzal ad-Dawlah, Asaf Jah V
  Afzal ad-Dawlah, Asaf Jah V Mir Tahniyath Ali Khan Siddiqi was the ruling Nizam of Hyderabad from 1857 to 1869...
  
   (1857–1869)
• Nawab Mir Mahboob Ali Khan, Asif Jah VI
  Mahbub Ali Khan, Asif Jah VI
  -External links:*...
  
   (1869–1911)
• Nawab Mir Osman Ali Khan, Asif Jah VII
  Osman Ali Khan, Asif Jah VII
  Sir Mir Osman Ali Khan Siddiqi MP, GCSI, GBE Asaf Jah VII , born Mir Osman Ali Khan Siddiqi Bahadur , was the last Nizam of the Princely State of Hyderabad and of Berar. He ruled Hyderabad between 1911 and 1948, until it was merged into India...
  
   (1911–1948)

Kingdom of Travancore (1729–1947)

• Marthanda Varma
  Marthanda Varma
  Marthanda Varma , was the founder of the Indian Hindu feudal kingdom of Travancore from Venad SwaroopamHe ruled from 1729 till his death in 1758, having succeeded his maternal uncle Dharma Raja.King Marthanda Varma is usually credited as the "founder of Kingdom of Travancore" from...
  
   (1729–1758)
• Dharma Raja
  Dharma Raja
  Dharma Raja Karthika Thirunal Rama Varma was the Maharajah of Travancore from 1758 until his death in 1798. He succeeded his uncle Marthanda Varma, who is credited with the title of "maker of modern Travancore"...
  
   (1758–1798)
• Balarama Varma
  Balarama Varma
  Avittom Thirunal Balarama Varma was a ruler of the Indian princely state of Travancore from 1798 to 1810, succeeding Maharajah Dharma Raja. His rule of Travancore was full of disturbances and internal and external problems...
  
   (1798–1810)
• Gowri Lakshmi Bayi (1810–1815)
• Gowri Parvati Bayi (1815–1829)
• Swathi Thirunal (1829–1846)
• Uthram Thirunal (1846–1860)
• Ayilyam Thirunal
  Ayilyam Thirunal
  Maharajah Ayilyam Thirunal Rama Varma was the ruler of the princely state of Travancore in India from 1860 to 1880. His reign was highly successful with Travancore gaining the appellation of "model state of India"...
  
   (1860–1880)
• Visakham Thirunal
  Visakham Thirunal
  Visakham Thirunal Rama Varma was the Maharaja of the erstwhile Indian kingdom of Travancore from 1880-1885 AD. He succeeded his elder brother Maharajah Ayilyam Thirunal to the throne of Travancore.-Early life:...
  
   (1880–1885)
• Moolam Thirunal (1885–1924)
• Sethu Lakshmi Bayi
  Sethu Lakshmi Bayi
  Maharani Pooradam Thirunal Sethu Lakshmi Bayi CI was the ruler of Travancore as regent for her nephew, Chithira Tirunal from 1924 until late 1931...
  
   (1924–1931)
• Chithira Thirunal (1931–1949)

Sikh Empire (1801–1849)

• Maharaja Ranjit Singh
  Ranjit Singh
  Maharaja Ranjit Singh Ji was the first Maharaja of the Sikh Empire.-Early life:...
  
   (b. 1780, crowned April 12, 1801, d. 1839)
• Kharak Singh (b. 1801, d. 1840), eldest son of Ranjit Singh
• Nau Nihal Singh
  Nau Nihal Singh
  Maharaja Nau Nihal Singh was a Sikh ruler of the sovereign country of Punjab and the Sikh Empire. He was the son of Maharani Chand Kaur and Maharaja Kharak Singh, himself eldest son and heir of Maharaja Ranjit Singh Sher-e-Panjab and the Grandson of Datar Kaur.After the death of Ranjit Singh,...
  
   (b. 1821, d. 1840), grandson of Ranjit Singh
• Sher Singh
  Sher Singh
  Maharaja Sher Singh was a Sikh ruler of the sovereign country of Punjab and the Sikh Empire. He was the son of Maharaja Ranjit Singh and Queen Rani Mehtab Kaur who was also the mother of Prince Tara Singh...
  
   (b. 1807, d. 1843), son of Ranjit Singh
• Duleep Singh
  Duleep Singh
  This article is about Maharaja Dalip Singh. For other uses, see Dalip SinghMaharaja Dalip Singh, GCSI , commonly called Duleep Singh and later in life nicknamed the Black Prince of Perthshire, was the last Maharaja of the Sikh Empire...
  
   (b. 1838, crowned 1843, d. 1893), youngest son of Ranjit Singh

The British Empire annexed the Punjab c. 1845–49; after the First

First Anglo-Sikh War

The First Anglo-Sikh War was fought between the Sikh Empire and the British East India Company between 1845 and 1846. It resulted in partial subjugation of the Sikh kingdom.-Background and causes of the war:...

 and Second

Second Anglo-Sikh War

The Second Anglo-Sikh War took place in 1848 and 1849, between the Sikh Empire and the British East India Company. It resulted in the subjugation of the Sikh Empire, and the annexation of the Punjab and what subsequently became the North-West Frontier Province by the East India Company.-Background...

 Anglo-Sikh Wars

British Emperors of India

British Raj

British Raj was the British rule in the Indian subcontinent between 1858 and 1947; The term can also refer to the period of dominion...

 (1877–1947)

• Queen-Empress Victoria
  Victoria of the United Kingdom
  Victoria was the monarch of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from 20 June 1837 until her death. From 1 May 1876, she used the additional title of Empress of India....
  
   (1877–1901)
• King-Emperor Edward VII
  Edward VII of the United Kingdom
  Edward VII was King of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions and Emperor of India from 22 January 1901 until his death in 1910...
  
   (1901–1910)
• King-Emperor George V
  George V of the United Kingdom
  George V was King of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions, and Emperor of India, from 6 May 1910 through the First World War until his death in 1936....
  
   (1910–1936)
• King-Emperor Edward VIII
  Edward VIII of the United Kingdom
  Edward VIII was King of the United Kingdom and the Dominions of the British Commonwealth, and Emperor of India, from 20 January to 11 December 1936.Before his accession to the throne, Edward was Prince of Wales and Duke of Cornwall and Rothesay...
  
   (Jan.–Dec. 1936)
• King-Emperor George VI
  George VI of the United Kingdom
  George VI was King of the United Kingdom and the Dominions of the British Commonwealth from 11 December 1936 until his death...
  
   (1936–1947)

Kings of India and Pakistan (1947–1956)

After independence, but before the declarations of the respective republics:

• George VI
  George VI of the United Kingdom
  George VI was King of the United Kingdom and the Dominions of the British Commonwealth from 11 December 1936 until his death...
  
  , King of India (1947–1950) and King of Pakistan (1947–1952)
• Elizabeth II
  Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom
  Elizabeth II is the constitutional monarch of 16 sovereign states known as the Commonwealth realms: the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Jamaica, Barbados, the Bahamas, Grenada, Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, Tuvalu, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Belize,...
  
  , Queen of Pakistan (1952–1956)

See also

• History of South Asia
  History of South Asia
  The term South Asia refers to the contemporary political entities of the Indian subcontinent and associated island. These are the states of India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nepal, Bhutan and the island nations of Sri Lanka and the Maldives....
  
  
• History of India
  History of India
  The history of India begins with evidence of human activity of Homo sapiens as long as 75,000 years ago, or with earlier hominids including Homo erectus from about 500,000 years ago. The Indus Valley Civilization, which spread and flourished in the northwestern part of the Indian subcontinent from...
  
  
• Middle kingdoms of India
  Middle kingdoms of India
  Middle kingdoms of India refers to the political entities in India from the 3rd century BC after the decline of the Maurya Empire, and the corresponding rise of the Satavahana dynasty, beginning with Simuka, from 230 BC...
  
  
• List of Mauryan emperors
• List of Mughal emperors
• British Empire
  British Empire
  The British Empire comprised the dominions, colonies, protectorates, mandates and other territories ruled or administered by the United Kingdom. It originated with the overseas colonies and trading posts established by England in the late 16th and early 17th centuries. At its height, it was the...
  
  
• Mughal Empire
  Mughal Empire
  The Mughal Empire ,‎ or Mogul Empire in traditional English usage, was an imperial power from the Indian Subcontinent. The Mughal emperors were descendants of the Timurids...
  
  
• Maratha Empire
  Maratha Empire
  The Maratha Empire or the Maratha Confederacy was an Indian imperial power that existed from 1674 to 1818. At its peak, the empire covered much of South Asia, encompassing a territory of over 2.8 million km²....
  
  
• List of Indian Princely states
• Rulers of Malwa
  Rulers of Malwa
  Following is a list of rulers of Malwa since the Kshatrapas:-Kshatrapa Empire:* Nahapana * Chastana * Rudradaman I * Damajadasri I * Jivadaman * Rudrasimha I * Isvaradatta...
  
  
• Emperor
  Emperor
  An emperor is a monarch, usually the sovereign ruler of an empire or another type of imperial realm. Empress, the female equivalent, may indicate an emperor's wife or a woman who rules in her own right...
  
  , Emperor of India
  Emperor of India
  Emperor/Empress of India was used as a title by the last Mughal emperor Bahadur Shah II, and revived by the colonial British monarchs during the British Raj in India....
  
  , Paramount ruler
  Paramount Ruler
  The term Paramount Ruler, or sometimes Paramount King, is a generic description, though occasionally also used as an actual title, for a number of rulers' position in relative terms, as the summit of a feudal-type pyramid of rulers of lesser polities in a given historical and geographical context,...
  
  
• Nawab
  Nawab
  A Nawab or Nawaab is an honorific title given to Muslim rulers of princely states in South Asia. It is the Muslim equivalent of the term "maharaja" that was granted to Hindu rulers....
  
  , Nizam
  Nizam
  Nizam-ul-Mulk of Hyderabad popularly known as Nizams of Hyderabad was a former monarchy of the Hyderabad State, now in the states of Andhra Pradesh , Karnataka , and Maharashtra in India...
  
  , Padishah
  Padishah
  Padishah, Padshah, Padeshah, Badishah or Badshah is a superlative royal title, composed of the Persian pād "master" and the widespread shāh "king", which was adopted by several monarchs claiming the highest rank, roughly equivalent to the ancient Persian notion of "The Great" or "Great King", and...
  
  , Shah
  Shah
  Shāh is the title of the ruler of certain Southwest Asian and Central Asian countries, especially Persia , and derives from the Persian word shah, meaning "king".-History:...
  
  , Sultan
  Sultan
  Sultan is a title with several historical meanings. Originally, it was an Arabic language abstract noun meaning "strength", "authority", "rulership", and "dictatorship", derived from the masdar سلطة , meaning "authority" or "power". Later, it came to be used as the title of certain rulers who...
  
  
• Maharaja Ranjit Singh
  Ranjit Singh
  Maharaja Ranjit Singh Ji was the first Maharaja of the Sikh Empire.-Early life:...
  
   of Punjab.
• Governor General of India
• Badami Chalukyas, Badami
  Badami
  Badami , formerly known as Vatapi, is a town and headquarters of a taluk by the same name, in the Bagalkot district of Karnataka, India. It was the regal capital of the Badami Chalukyas from 540 to 757 AD. It is famous for rock cut and other structural temples...
  
  , Pattadakal
  Pattadakal
  Pattadakal is a village in Karnataka. It lies on the banks of the Malaprabha River in Bagalkot district. It is 22 km from Badami and about 10 km from Aihole...
  
  , Aihole
  Aihole
  Aihole is a temple complex in the Bagalkot district of Karnataka, India. It is a very popular tourist spot in north Karnataka. It lies to the east of Pattadakal, along the Malaprabha River, while Badami is to the west of both....
  
  , Mahakuta
• Western Chalukyas
  Western Chalukyas
  The Western Chalukya Empire ruled most of the western Deccan, South India, between the 10th and 12th centuries. This dynasty is sometimes called the Kalyani Chalukya after its regal capital at Kalyani, today's Basavakalyan in Karnataka and alternatively the Later Chalukya from its theoretical...
  
  , Mahadeva Temple, Itagi, Lakkundi
  Lakkundi
  Lakkundi in Gadag District of Karnataka is a tiny village on the way to Hampi from Hubli. Lakkundi 11 km from Gadag in the east...
  
  , Chaudayyadanapura
  Chaudayyadanapura
  Chaudayyadanapura is a small village in Ranebennur taluk of Haveri District in North Karnataka, Karnataka. All facets of Indian civilisation are exemplified in an exquisite Mukteshwara temple, with the highest degree of refinement.-Introduction:The North Karnataka is one of the richest areas of...
  
  , Galaganatha
  Galaganatha
  Galaganatha is a small village located in Haveri Taluk and Haveri District, North Karnataka.It has a famous temple called Galageshwara Shiva Temple built by chalukyas. This large temple faces east and is situated along the Tungabhadra river. The rivers Tunga and Varada join at this place.- History...
  
  
• Rashtrakutas, Ellora, Kailash Temple
• Vijayanagara Empire
  Vijayanagara Empire
  The Vijayanagara Empire , referred as the Kingdom of Bisnaga by the Portuguese, was an empire based in South Indian in the Deccan Plateau region. It was established in 1336 by Harihara I and his brother Bukka Raya I of the Yadava lineage. The empire rose to prominence as a culmination of attempts...
  
  , Hampi
  Hampi
  Hampi is a village in northern Karnataka state, India. It is located within the ruins of Vijayanagara, the former capital of the Vijayanagara Empire. Predating the city of Vijayanagara, it continues to be an important religious centre, housing the Virupaksha Temple, as well as several other...
  
  

Sources and External links

• Hostkingdom.net - Greater India
• Indian Princely States
• RoyalArk - India pages
• Adrian Fletcher's Paradoxplace - Great Mughal Emperors of India