List of philosophers born in the twentieth century
Encyclopedia
Philosophers born in the 20th century (and others important in the history of philosophy
), listed alphabetically:
Philosophy
Philosophy is the study of general and fundamental problems, such as those connected with existence, knowledge, values, reason, mind, and language. Philosophy is distinguished from other ways of addressing such problems by its critical, generally systematic approach and its reliance on rational...
), listed alphabetically:
-
- Note: This list has a minimal criteria for inclusion and the relevance to philosophy of some individuals on the list is disputed.
A
- Nicola AbbagnanoNicola AbbagnanoNicola Abbagnano was an Italian existential philosopher.- Life :Nicola Abbagnano was born in Salerno on 15 July 1901. He was the first born son of a middle-class professional family, his father was a practicing lawyer in the area...
, (1901–1990) - Peter AchinsteinPeter AchinsteinPeter Achinstein is a distinguished American Philosopher of Science. He is the author of numerous influential books and articles. He is the Jay and Jeanie Schottenstein University Professor of Philosophy at Yeshiva University, director of the Yeshiva Center for History and Philosophy of Science,...
- H. B. ActonH. B. ActonHarry Burrows Acton was a British academic in the field of political philosophy, known for books defending the morality of capitalism, and attacking Marxism-Leninism. He in particular produced arguments on the incoherence of Marxism, which he described as a 'farrago'...
, (1908–1974) - Marilyn McCord AdamsMarilyn McCord AdamsMarilyn McCord Adams is an American philosopher working in philosophy of religion, philosophical theology and medieval philosophy.-Family:Adams is the daughter of William Clark McCord and Wilmah Brown McCord...
, (1943- ) - Robert Merrihew Adams, (1937- )
- Mortimer AdlerMortimer AdlerMortimer Jerome Adler was an American philosopher, educator, and popular author. As a philosopher he worked within the Aristotelian and Thomistic traditions. He lived for the longest stretches in New York City, Chicago, San Francisco, and San Mateo, California...
, (1902–2001) - Theodor Adorno, (1903–1969)
- Sediq AfghanSediq AfghanSediq Afghan is an Afghan philosopher and mathematician, currently head of the International Center for Mathematical Philosophy in Kabul, Afghanistan. He is also a political activist...
, (1958- ) - Giorgio AgambenGiorgio AgambenGiorgio Agamben is an Italian political philosopher best known for his work investigating the concepts of the state of exception and homo sacer....
, (1942- ) - Hans AlbertHans AlbertHans Albert is a German philosopher. Born in Cologne, he lives in Heidelberg.His fields of research are Social Sciences and General Studies of Methods. He is a critical rationalist, giving special attention to rational heuristics...
, (1921- ) - Rogers AlbrittonRogers AlbrittonRogers Garland Albritton was a chair of the Harvard and UCLA philosophy departments, and considered by his peers to be one of the finest philosophical minds of the 20th century. Albritton's influence was achieved despite having published very little, a fact about him that inspired the entry...
, (1923–2002) - Virgil AldrichVirgil AldrichVirgil Charles Aldrich, , was an American philosopher of art, language, and religion.-Early life and education:...
, (1903–1998) - Gerda AlexanderGerda AlexanderGerda Alexander was a Danish teacher who devised a method of self-development called Eutony. She was born in Wuppertal, Germany, but moved to Denmark in 1929....
(1908–1994) - Aleksandr Danilovich AleksandrovAleksandr Danilovich AleksandrovAleksandr Danilovich Aleksandrov , and Alexandrov ) , was a Soviet/Russian mathematician, physicist, philosopher and mountaineer.- Scientific career :...
, (1912–1999) - Robert AlexyRobert AlexyRobert Alexy is a jurist and a legal philosopher.Alexy studied law and philosophy at the University of Göttingen...
, (1945- ) - Diogenes AllenDiogenes AllenThe Diogenes Allen is Professor Emeritus and former Stuart Professor of Philosophy at Princeton Theological Seminary. He is ordained by the Episcopal Church in the United States of America and currently serves as Priest Associate at All Saints' Episcopal Church, Princeton, New Jersey...
(1932- ) - William AlstonWilliam AlstonWilliam Payne Alston was an American philosopher. He made influential contributions to the philosophy of language, epistemology and Christian philosophy. He earned his Ph.D...
, (1921–2009) - Louis AlthusserLouis AlthusserLouis Pierre Althusser was a French Marxist philosopher. He was born in Algeria and studied at the École Normale Supérieure in Paris, where he eventually became Professor of Philosophy....
, (1918–1990) - Alan Ross AndersonAlan Ross AndersonAlan Ross Anderson was an American logician and professor of philosophy at Yale University and the University of Pittsburgh....
, (1925–1973) - C. Anthony AndersonC. Anthony AndersonCurtis Anthony Anderson is a contemporary American philosopher, presently Professor of Philosophy at the University of California at Santa Barbara. He earned his Ph.D. in philosophy from University of California at Los Angeles in 1977, where he worked closely with the ground-breaking logician...
, (1940- ) - Pamela Sue AndersonPamela Sue AndersonPamela Sue Anderson is a philosopher who specialises in philosophy of religion, feminist philosophy and continental philosophy. In 2007 she was Official Fellow, Tutor in Philosophy and Christian Ethics, Dean, and Women's Advisor of Regent's Park College in the University of Oxford...
- G. E. M. AnscombeG. E. M. AnscombeGertrude Elizabeth Margaret Anscombe , better known as Elizabeth Anscombe, was a British analytic philosopher from Ireland. A student of Ludwig Wittgenstein, she became an authority on his work and edited and translated many books drawn from his writings, above all his Philosophical Investigations...
, (1918–2001) - Karl-Otto ApelKarl-Otto ApelKarl-Otto Apel is a German philosopher and Professor Emeritus at the University of Frankfurt am Main. Apel worked in ethics, the philosophy of language and human sciences. He wrote extensively in these fields, publishing mostly in German...
, (1922- ) - Kwame Anthony AppiahKwame Anthony AppiahKwame Anthony Appiah is a Ghanaian-British-American philosopher, cultural theorist, and novelist whose interests include political and moral theory, the philosophy of language and mind, and African intellectual history. Kwame Anthony Appiah grew up in Ghana and earned a Ph.D. at Cambridge...
, (1954- ) - Hannah ArendtHannah ArendtHannah Arendt was a German American political theorist. She has often been described as a philosopher, although she refused that label on the grounds that philosophy is concerned with "man in the singular." She described herself instead as a political theorist because her work centers on the fact...
, (1906–1975) - David Malet ArmstrongDavid Malet ArmstrongDavid Malet Armstrong , often D. M. Armstrong, is an Australian philosopher. He is well-known for his work on metaphysics and the philosophy of mind, and for his defence of a factualist ontology, a functionalist theory of the mind, an externalist epistemology, and a necessitarian conception of the...
, (1926- ) - Raymond AronRaymond AronRaymond-Claude-Ferdinand Aron was a French philosopher, sociologist, journalist and political scientist.He is best known for his 1955 book The Opium of the Intellectuals, the title of which inverts Karl Marx's claim that religion was the opium of the people -- in contrast, Aron argued that in...
, (1905–1983) - Robert AudiRobert AudiRobert Audi is an American philosopher whose major work has focused on epistemology, ethics—especially on ethical intuitionism-and the theory of action. He is O'Brien Professor of Philosophy at the University of Notre Dame, and previously held a Chair in the Business School there...
, (1941- ) - John Langshaw AustinJ. L. AustinJohn Langshaw Austin was a British philosopher of language, born in Lancaster and educated at Shrewsbury School and Balliol College, Oxford University. Austin is widely associated with the concept of the speech act and the idea that speech is itself a form of action...
, (1911–1960) - Alfred Jules AyerAlfred AyerSir Alfred Jules "Freddie" Ayer was a British philosopher known for his promotion of logical positivism, particularly in his books Language, Truth, and Logic and The Problem of Knowledge ....
, (1910–1989)
B
- Albena BakratchevaAlbena BakratchevaAlbena Bakratcheva is BulgarianAmericanist, best known for her work on American Transcendentalism. Albena Bakratcheva, D.Litt., is Professor of American Studies at the , New Bulgarian University, Sofia.- Degrees :...
, (1961-) - Archie J. BahmArchie J. BahmArchie John Bahm was an American philosopher and professor of philosophy at the University of New Mexico.-Biography:...
, (1907–1996) - Alain BadiouAlain BadiouAlain Badiou is a French philosopher, professor at European Graduate School, formerly chair of Philosophy at the École Normale Supérieure . Along with Giorgio Agamben and Slavoj Žižek, Badiou is a prominent figure in an anti-postmodern strand of continental philosophy...
, (1937-) - Yehoshua Bar-HillelYehoshua Bar-HillelYehoshua Bar-Hillel was an Israeli philosopher, mathematician, and linguist at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, best known for his pioneering work in machine translation and formal linguistics.- Biography :...
, (1915–1975) - Roland BarthesRoland BarthesRoland Gérard Barthes was a French literary theorist, philosopher, critic, and semiotician. Barthes' ideas explored a diverse range of fields and he influenced the development of schools of theory including structuralism, semiotics, existentialism, social theory, Marxism, anthropology and...
, (1915–1980) - Jon BarwiseJon BarwiseKenneth Jon Barwise was an American mathematician, philosopher and logician who proposed some fundamental revisions to the way that logic is understood and used....
, (1942–2000) - Jean BaudrillardJean BaudrillardJean Baudrillard was a French sociologist, philosopher, cultural theorist, political commentator, and photographer. His work is frequently associated with postmodernism and post-structuralism.-Life:...
, (1929–2007) - Monroe BeardsleyMonroe BeardsleyMonroe Curtis Beardsley was an American philosopher of art. He was born and raised in Bridgeport, Connecticut, and educated at Yale University , where he received the John Addison Porter Prize...
, (1915–1985) - Jean BeaufretJean BeaufretJean Beaufret was a French philosopher and Germanist tremendously influential in the reception of Martin Heidegger's work in France....
, (1907–1982) - Lewis White BeckLewis White BeckLewis White Beck was an American philosopher and scholar of German philosophy. Beck was Burbank Professor of Intellectual and Moral Philosophy at the University of Rochester and served as the Philosophy Department chair there from 1949 to 1966...
, (1913–1997) - Gustav BergmannGustav BergmannGustav Bergmann was a philosopher born in Vienna, Austria. He studied at the University of Vienna and was a member of the Vienna Circle. In the United States, he was a professor of philosophy and psychology at the University of Iowa.- Biography :Bergmann earned his Ph.D. in mathematics at the...
, (1906–1987) - Isaiah BerlinIsaiah BerlinSir Isaiah Berlin OM, FBA was a British social and political theorist, philosopher and historian of ideas of Russian-Jewish origin, regarded as one of the leading thinkers of the twentieth century and a dominant liberal scholar of his generation...
, (1909–1997) - Alfred BernhartAlfred BernhartProfessor Alfred P. Bernhart was an Austrian-born Canadian urbanist, writer and engineer. Ever concerned for the well being of the planet, Bernhart developed three key theories. They are his theories on Evapotranspiration, Societal Values and Metropolis 2025...
, (1914–2008) - Max BlackMax BlackMax Black was a British-American philosopher, who was a leading influential figure in analytic philosophy in the first half of the twentieth century. He made contributions to the philosophy of language, the philosophy of mathematics and science, and the philosophy of art, also publishing studies...
, (1909–1988) - Maurice BlanchotMaurice BlanchotMaurice Blanchot was a French writer, philosopher, and literary theorist. His work had a strong influence on post-structuralist philosophers such as Jacques Derrida.-Works:...
, (1907–2003) - Allan BloomAllan BloomAllan David Bloom was an American philosopher, classicist, and academic. He studied under David Grene, Leo Strauss, Richard McKeon and Alexandre Kojève. He subsequently taught at Cornell University, the University of Toronto, Yale University, École Normale Supérieure of Paris, and the University...
, (1930–1992) - Norberto BobbioNorberto BobbioNorberto Bobbio was an Italian philosopher of law and political sciences and a historian of political thought. He also wrote regularly for the Turin-based daily La Stampa....
, (1909–2004) - Jozef Maria BochenskiJózef Maria BochenskiJózef Maria Bocheński was a Polish Dominican, logician and philosopher.-Life:...
, (1902–1995) - Dietrich BonhoefferDietrich BonhoefferDietrich Bonhoeffer was a German Lutheran pastor, theologian and martyr. He was a participant in the German resistance movement against Nazism and a founding member of the Confessing Church. He was involved in plans by members of the Abwehr to assassinate Adolf Hitler...
, (1906–1945) - George BoolosGeorge BoolosGeorge Stephen Boolos was a philosopher and a mathematical logician who taught at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.- Life :...
, (1940–1996) - Pierre BourdieuPierre BourdieuPierre Bourdieu was a French sociologist, anthropologist, and philosopher.Starting from the role of economic capital for social positioning, Bourdieu pioneered investigative frameworks and terminologies such as cultural, social, and symbolic capital, and the concepts of habitus, field or location,...
, (1930–2002) - Richard-Bevan Braithwaite, (1900–1990)
- Richard B. Brandt, (1910–1997)
C
- Amílcar CabralAmílcar CabralAmílcar Lopes da Costa Cabral was a Guinea-Bissauan and Cape Verdean agricultural engineer, writer, and a nationalist thinker and politician. Also known by his nom de guerre Abel Djassi, Cabral led the nationalist movement of Guinea-Bissau and Cape Verde Islands and the ensuing war of independence...
, (1924–1973) - Albert CamusAlbert CamusAlbert Camus was a French author, journalist, and key philosopher of the 20th century. In 1949, Camus founded the Group for International Liaisons within the Revolutionary Union Movement, which was opposed to some tendencies of the Surrealist movement of André Breton.Camus was awarded the 1957...
, (1913–1960) - Georges CanguilhemGeorges CanguilhemGeorges Canguilhem was a French philosopher and physician who specialized in epistemology and the philosophy of science .-Life and work:...
, (1904–1995) - Hector-Neri CastañedaHector-Neri CastañedaHéctor-Neri Castañeda was a Guatemalan philosopher and founder of the journal Noûs.Born in San Vicente, Zacapa, Guatemala, he emigrated to the United States in 1948 and studied under Wilfrid Sellars at the University of Minnesota, where he earned a B.A. in 1950 and M.A. in 1952. Castañeda...
, (1924–1991) - Cornelius CastoriadisCornelius CastoriadisCornelius Castoriadis was a Greek philosopher, social critic, economist, psychoanalyst, author of The Imaginary Institution of Society, and co-founder of the Socialisme ou Barbarie group.-Early life in Athens:...
, (1922–1997) - Michel de CerteauMichel de CerteauMichel de Certeau was a French Jesuit and scholar whose work combined history, psychoanalysis, philosophy, and the social sciences.-Education:...
, (1925–1986) - David ChalmersDavid ChalmersDavid John Chalmers is an Australian philosopher specializing in the area of philosophy of mind and philosophy of language, whose recent work concerns verbal disputes. He is Professor of Philosophy and Director of the Centre for Consciousness at the Australian National University...
, (1966– ) - Haridas ChaudhuriHaridas ChaudhuriHaridas Chaudhuri , Bengali integral philosopher, was a correspondent with Sri Aurobindo and the founder of the California Institute of Integral Studies . He was born in Kolkata. He studied at the Scottish Church College and later at the University of Calcutta from where he earned his doctorate in...
, (1913–1975) - Roderick ChisholmRoderick ChisholmRoderick M. Chisholm was an American philosopher known for his work on epistemology, metaphysics, free will, and the philosophy of perception. He received his Ph.D. at Harvard University under Clarence Irving Lewis and Donald C. Williams, and taught at Brown University...
, (1916–1999) - Noam ChomskyNoam ChomskyAvram Noam Chomsky is an American linguist, philosopher, cognitive scientist, and activist. He is an Institute Professor and Professor in the Department of Linguistics & Philosophy at MIT, where he has worked for over 50 years. Chomsky has been described as the "father of modern linguistics" and...
, (1928-) - Alonzo ChurchAlonzo ChurchAlonzo Church was an American mathematician and logician who made major contributions to mathematical logic and the foundations of theoretical computer science. He is best known for the lambda calculus, Church–Turing thesis, Frege–Church ontology, and the Church–Rosser theorem.-Life:Alonzo Church...
, (1903–1995) - L. Jonathan Cohen, (1923–2006)
- Lucio CollettiLucio CollettiLucio Colletti was one of the most important Italian philosophers of the twentieth century, and one of a select few to be known also outside Italy...
, (1924–2001) - Frederick CoplestonFrederick CoplestonFrederick Charles Copleston, SJ, CBE was a Jesuit priest and historian of philosophy.-Biography:...
, (1907–1994) - Roger CrispRoger CrispRoger Stephen Crisp is Fellow and Tutor in Philosophy at St. Anne’s College, Oxford. He holds the university posts of Professor of Moral Philosophy and Uehiro Fellow and Tutor in Philosophy. His work falls principally within the field of ethics, in particular metaethics, normative ethics, and...
- Olavo de CarvalhoOlavo de CarvalhoOlavo Luiz Pimentel de Carvalho is a Brazilian journalist, and essayist on several issues like the history of astrology and mysticism; the history of revolutionary mentality; and Philosophical Anthropology...
, (1947-)
D
- Donald DavidsonDonald Davidson (philosopher)Donald Herbert Davidson was an American philosopher born in Springfield, Massachusetts, who served as Slusser Professor of Philosophy at the University of California, Berkeley from 1981 to 2003 after having also held teaching appointments at Stanford University, Rockefeller University, Princeton...
, (1917–2003) - Simone de BeauvoirSimone de BeauvoirSimone-Ernestine-Lucie-Marie Bertrand de Beauvoir, often shortened to Simone de Beauvoir , was a French existentialist philosopher, public intellectual, and social theorist. She wrote novels, essays, biographies, an autobiography in several volumes, and monographs on philosophy, politics, and...
, (1908–1986) - Alain de BottonAlain de BottonAlain de Botton is a Swiss writer, television presenter, and entrepreneur, resident in the UK.His books and television programs discuss various contemporary subjects and themes in a philosophical style, emphasizing philosophy's relevance to everyday life. In August 2008, he was a founding member...
, (1969-) - Bruno de FinettiBruno de FinettiBruno de Finetti was an Italian probabilist, statistician and actuary, noted for the "operational subjective" conception of probability...
, (1906–1985) - Paul de ManPaul de ManPaul de Man was a Belgian-born deconstructionist literary critic and theorist.He began teaching at Bard College. Later, he completed his Ph.D. at Harvard University in the late 1950s...
, (1919–1983) - Guy DebordGuy DebordGuy Ernest Debord was a French Marxist theorist, writer, filmmaker, member of the Letterist International, founder of a Letterist faction, and founding member of the Situationist International . He was also briefly a member of Socialisme ou Barbarie.-Early Life:Guy Debord was born in Paris in 1931...
, (1931–1994) - Gilles DeleuzeGilles DeleuzeGilles Deleuze , was a French philosopher who, from the early 1960s until his death, wrote influentially on philosophy, literature, film, and fine art. His most popular works were the two volumes of Capitalism and Schizophrenia: Anti-Oedipus and A Thousand Plateaus , both co-written with Félix...
, (1925–1995) - Bernard DelfgaauwBernard DelfgaauwBernardus Maria Ignatius "Bernard" Delfgaauw was a Dutch philosopher.He studied Dutch language, history, philosophy, and Hebrew language at the University of Amsterdam....
, (1912–1993) - Daniel DennettDaniel DennettDaniel Clement Dennett is an American philosopher, writer and cognitive scientist whose research centers on the philosophy of mind, philosophy of science and philosophy of biology, particularly as those fields relate to evolutionary biology and cognitive science. He is currently the Co-director of...
, (1942-) - Jacques DerridaJacques DerridaJacques Derrida was a French philosopher, born in French Algeria. He developed the critical theory known as deconstruction and his work has been labeled as post-structuralism and associated with postmodern philosophy...
, (1930–2004) - Miroslaw DzielskiMiroslaw DzielskiMirosław Dzielski was a Polish philosopher, writer and politician, founder of the Kraków Industrial Society in 1985. Dzielski was one of the leaders of the democratic anti-communist opposition in the 1980s in Poland.- Publications :* Mirosław Dzielski, Odrodzenie ducha - budowa wolności...
, (1941–1989)
E
- William A. EarleWilliam A. Earle-Secondary References: 217 pages. ISBN 0-88706-170-2 , ISBN 0-88706-171-0 * Jeffrey Gordon's recollection of William Earle.-Notes:...
, (1919–1988) - James M. EdieJames M. EdieJames M. Edie was a twentieth century American philosopher.-Life and career:Edie was born in Grand Forks, North Dakota. He studied at Saint John’s University in Minnesota and at the Pontifical Athenaeum of St...
, (1927–1998) - Paul EdwardsPaul Edwards (philosopher)Paul Edwards, born Paul Eisenstein, was an Austrian American moral philosopher.-Life and career:Edwards was born in Vienna in 1923 to assimilated Jewish parents, the youngest of three brothers....
, (1923–2004) - Mircea EliadeMircea EliadeMircea Eliade was a Romanian historian of religion, fiction writer, philosopher, and professor at the University of Chicago. He was a leading interpreter of religious experience, who established paradigms in religious studies that persist to this day...
, (1907–1986) - Jacques EllulJacques EllulJacques Ellul was a French philosopher, law professor, sociologist, lay theologian, and Christian anarchist. He wrote several books about the "technological society" and the interaction between Christianity and politics....
, (1912–1994) - Gareth EvansGareth Evans (philosopher)Gareth Evans was a British philosopher.-Life:Gareth Evans studied Philosophy, Politics and Economics at University College, Oxford . His philosophy tutor was Peter Strawson...
, (1946–1980) - Ignacio EllacuriaIgnacio EllacuríaIgnacio Ellacuría, S.J. was a Jesuit priest, philosopher, and theologian who did important work as a professor and rector at the Universidad Centroamericana "José Simeón Cañas" , a Jesuit university in El Salvador founded in 1965...
, (1930–1989)
F
- Emil FackenheimEmil FackenheimEmil Ludwig Fackenheim, Ph.D. was a noted Jewish philosopher and Reform rabbi.Born in Halle, Germany, he was arrested by the Nazis on the night of November 9, 1938, known as Kristallnacht...
, (1916–2003)* - Frantz FanonFrantz FanonFrantz Fanon was a Martiniquo-Algerian psychiatrist, philosopher, revolutionary and writer whose work is influential in the fields of post-colonial studies, critical theory and Marxism...
, (1925–1961) - Austin Marsden Farrer, (1904–1968)
- Herbert FeiglHerbert FeiglHerbert Feigl was an Austrian philosopher and a member of the Vienna Circle.-Biography:The son of a weaver, Feigl was born in Reichenberg , Bohemia, and matriculated at the University of Vienna in 1922...
, (1902–1988) - Joel FeinbergJoel FeinbergJoel Feinberg was an American political and social philosopher. He is known for his work in the fields of ethics, action theory, philosophy of law, and political philosophy as well as individual rights and the authority of the state...
, (1926–2004) - Jose Ferrater-Mora, (1912–1991)
- Paul FeyerabendPaul FeyerabendPaul Karl Feyerabend was an Austrian-born philosopher of science best known for his work as a professor of philosophy at the University of California, Berkeley, where he worked for three decades . He lived a peripatetic life, living at various times in England, the United States, New Zealand,...
, (1924–1994) - Vilém FlusserVilém FlusserVilém Flusser was a Czech-born philosopher, writer and journalist. He lived for a long period in São Paulo, Brazil and later in France, and his works are written in several different languages....
, (1920–1991) - Michel FoucaultMichel FoucaultMichel Foucault , born Paul-Michel Foucault , was a French philosopher, social theorist and historian of ideas...
, (1926–1984) - William K. Frankena, (1908–1994)
- Oliver Shewell FranksOliver Shewell FranksOliver Shewell Franks, Baron Franks, OM, GCMG, KCB, CBE, DL was an English civil servant and philosopher who has been described as 'one of the founders of the post-war world'....
, (1905–1992) - Hans Frei, (1922–1988)
- Northrop FryeNorthrop FryeHerman Northrop Frye, was a Canadian literary critic and literary theorist, considered one of the most influential of the 20th century....
, (1912–1991) - Lon L. FullerLon L. Fuller-Selected secondary bibliography:* Robert S Summers .* W. J. Witteveen and Wibren van der Burg .-External links:* from Harvard University Library*...
, (1902–1978)
G
- Hans-Georg GadamerHans-Georg GadamerHans-Georg Gadamer was a German philosopher of the continental tradition, best known for his 1960 magnum opus, Truth and Method .-Life:...
, (1900–2002) - Peter GeachPeter GeachPeter Thomas Geach is a British philosopher. His areas of interest are the history of philosophy, philosophical logic, and the theory of identity.He was educated at Balliol College, Oxford...
, (1916-) - Ernest GellnerErnest GellnerErnest André Gellner was a philosopher and social anthropologist, described by The Daily Telegraph when he died as one of the world's most vigorous intellectuals and by The Independent as a "one-man crusade for critical rationalism."His first book, Words and Things —famously, and uniquely...
(1925–1995) - Gerhard GentzenGerhard GentzenGerhard Karl Erich Gentzen was a German mathematician and logician. He had his major contributions in the foundations of mathematics, proof theory, especially on natural deduction and sequent calculus...
, (1909–1945) - Edmund GettierEdmund GettierEdmund L. Gettier III is an American philosopher and Professor Emeritus at the University of Massachusetts Amherst; he owes his reputation to a single three-page paper published in 1963 called "Is Justified True Belief Knowledge?"Gettier was educated at Cornell University, where his mentors...
, (1927-) - Alan GewirthAlan GewirthAlan Gewirth was an American philosopher, a professor of philosophy at the University of Chicago, and author of Reason and Morality, , Human Rights: Essays on Justification and Applications , The Community of Rights , Self-Fulfillment , and numerous other writings in moral philosophy and political...
, (1912–2004) - Kurt GödelKurt GödelKurt Friedrich Gödel was an Austrian logician, mathematician and philosopher. Later in his life he emigrated to the United States to escape the effects of World War II. One of the most significant logicians of all time, Gödel made an immense impact upon scientific and philosophical thinking in the...
, (1906–1978) - Lucien GoldmannLucien GoldmannLucien Goldmann was a French philosopher and sociologist of Jewish-Romanian origin...
, (1913–1970) - Nicolás Gómez Dávila, (1913-1994)
- Nelson GoodmanNelson GoodmanHenry Nelson Goodman was an American philosopher, known for his work on counterfactuals, mereology, the problem of induction, irrealism and aesthetics.-Career:...
, (1906–1998) - George GrantGeorge Grant (philosopher)George Parkin Grant, OC, FRSC was a Canadian philosopher, teacher and political commentator, whose popular appeal peaked in the late 1960s and 1970s. He is best known for his nationalism, political conservatism, and his views on technology, pacifism, Christian faith, and abortion...
, (1918–1988) - Herbert Paul GricePaul GriceHerbert Paul Grice , usually publishing under the name H. P. Grice, H...
, (1913–1988) - Félix GuattariFélix GuattariPierre-Félix Guattari was a French militant, an institutional psychotherapist, philosopher, and semiotician; he founded both schizoanalysis and ecosophy...
, (1930–1992) - Gotthard GüntherGotthard GüntherGotthard Günther , was a German philosopher.- Biography :...
, (1900–1984)
H
- Jürgen HabermasJürgen HabermasJürgen Habermas is a German sociologist and philosopher in the tradition of critical theory and pragmatism. He is perhaps best known for his theory on the concepts of 'communicative rationality' and the 'public sphere'...
, (1929-) - Philip HalliePhilip HalliePhilip Paul Hallie was an author, philosopher and professor at Wesleyan University for 32 years. During World War II he served in the US Army...
, (1922–1994) - Stuart HampshireStuart HampshireSir Stuart Newton Hampshire was an Oxford University philosopher, literary critic and university administrator. He was one of the antirationalist Oxford thinkers who gave a new direction to moral and political thought in the post-World War II era.Hampshire was educated at Repton School and at...
, (1914–2004) - Norwood Russell HansonNorwood Russell HansonNorwood Russell Hanson was a philosopher of science. Hanson was a pioneer in advancing the argument that observation is theory-laden – that observation language and theory language are deeply interwoven – and that historical and contemporary comprehension are similarly deeply interwoven...
, (1922–1967) - John E. HareJohn E. HareJohn Edmund Hare is a British classicist, philosopher, ethicist, and currently Noah Porter Professor of Philosophical Theology at Yale Divinity School....
, (1949–) - R. M. HareR. M. HareRichard Mervyn Hare was an English moral philosopher who held the post of White's Professor of Moral Philosophy at the University of Oxford from 1966 until 1983. He subsequently taught for a number of years at the University of Florida...
, (1919–2002) - H. L. A. HartH. L. A. HartHerbert Lionel Adolphus Hart was an influential legal philosopher of the 20th century. He was Professor of Jurisprudence at Oxford University and the Principal of Brasenose College, Oxford. He authored The Concept of Law....
, (1907–1992) - Werner HeisenbergWerner HeisenbergWerner Karl Heisenberg was a German theoretical physicist who made foundational contributions to quantum mechanics and is best known for asserting the uncertainty principle of quantum theory...
, (1901–1976) - Erich HellerErich HellerErich Heller was a British essayist, known particularly for his critical studies in German-language philosophy and literature of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.- Biography :...
, (1911–1990) - Carl Gustav HempelCarl Gustav HempelCarl Gustav "Peter" Hempel was a philosopher of science and a major figure in 20th-century logical empiricism...
, (1905–1997) - Michel HenryMichel HenryMichel Henry was a French philosopher and novelist. He wrote five novels and numerous philosophical works. He also lectured at universities in France, Belgium, the United States of America, and Japan.- Biography :...
, (1922–2002) - Abraham Joshua HeschelAbraham Joshua HeschelAbraham Joshua Heschel was a Polish-born American rabbi and one of the leading Jewish theologians and Jewish philosophers of the 20th century.-Biography:...
, (1907–1972) - Sidney HookSidney HookSidney Hook was an American pragmatic philosopher known for his contributions to public debates.A student of John Dewey, Hook continued to examine the philosophy of history, of education, politics, and of ethics. After embracing Marxism in his youth, Hook was known for his criticisms of...
, (1902–1989) - Hsu Fu-kuan, (1903–1982)
- Jean HyppoliteJean HyppoliteJean Hyppolite was a French philosopher known for championing the work of Hegel, and other German philosophers, and educating some of France's most prominent post-war thinkers....
, (1907–1968)
J
- Erich JantschErich JantschErich Jantsch was an Austrian astrophysicist.In the mid-1960s his increasing concern regarding the future led him to study forecasting techniques...
, (1929–1980) - Richard C. Jeffrey, (1926–2002)
- Hans JonasHans JonasHans Jonas was a German-born philosopher who was, from 1955 to 1976, Alvin Johnson Professor of Philosophy at the New School for Social Research in New York City.Jonas's writings were very influential in different spheres...
, (1903–1993)
K
- Jerrold KatzJerrold KatzJerrold J. Katz was an American philosopher and linguist.After receiving a PhD in philosophy from Princeton University in 1960, Katz became a Research Associate in Linguistics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1961. He was appointed Assistant Professor of Philosophy there in 1963,...
, (1932–2002) - Walter Kaufmann, (1921–1980)
- Jaegwon KimJaegwon KimJaegwon Kim is a Korean American philosopher currently working at Brown University. He is best known for his work on mental causation and the mind-body problem. Key themes in his work include: a rejection of Cartesian metaphysics, the limitations of strict psychophysical identity, supervenience,...
, (1934-) - Martin Luther King, Jr.Martin Luther King, Jr.Martin Luther King, Jr. was an American clergyman, activist, and prominent leader in the African-American Civil Rights Movement. He is best known for being an iconic figure in the advancement of civil rights in the United States and around the world, using nonviolent methods following the...
, (1929–1968) - William Calvert Kneale, (1906–1990)
- Arthur KoestlerArthur KoestlerArthur Koestler CBE was a Hungarian author and journalist. Koestler was born in Budapest and, apart from his early school years, was educated in Austria...
, (1905–1983) - Alexandre KojèveAlexandre KojèveAlexandre Kojève was a Russian-born French philosopher and statesman whose philosophical seminars had an immense influence on twentieth-century French philosophy, particularly via his integration of Hegelian concepts into continental philosophy...
, (1902–1968) - Stephan KörnerStephan KörnerStephan Körner, FBA was a British philosopher, who specialised in the work of Kant, the study of concepts, and in the philosophy of mathematics...
, (1913–2000) - Erik von Kuehnelt-LeddihnErik von Kuehnelt-LeddihnErik Maria Ritter von Kuehnelt-Leddihn was an Austrian Catholic nobleman and socio-political theorist...
, (1909–1999) - Thomas Samuel Kuhn, (1922–1996)
L
- Jacques LacanJacques LacanJacques Marie Émile Lacan was a French psychoanalyst and psychiatrist who made prominent contributions to psychoanalysis and philosophy, and has been called "the most controversial psycho-analyst since Freud". Giving yearly seminars in Paris from 1953 to 1981, Lacan influenced France's...
, (1901–1981)* - Philippe Lacoue-LabarthePhilippe Lacoue-LabarthePhilippe Lacoue-Labarthe was a French philosopher. He was also a literary critic and translator....
, (1940–2007) - Imre LakatosImre LakatosImre Lakatos was a Hungarian philosopher of mathematics and science, known for his thesis of the fallibility of mathematics and its 'methodology of proofs and refutations' in its pre-axiomatic stages of development, and also for introducing the concept of the 'research programme' in his...
, (1922–1974)* - Henri LefebvreHenri LefebvreHenri Lefebvre was a French sociologist, Marxist intellectual, and philosopher, best known for his work on dialectics, Marxism, everyday life, cities, and space.-Biography:...
, (1901–1991) - Yeshayahu LeibowitzYeshayahu LeibowitzYeshayahu Leibowitz was an Israeli public intellectual and polymath known for his outspoken opinions on Judaism, ethics, religion and politics.- Biography :...
, (1903–1994) - Emmanuel LevinasEmmanuel LévinasEmmanuel Levinas was a Lithuanian-born French Jewish philosopher and Talmudic commentator.-Life:Emanuelis Levinas received a traditional Jewish education in Lithuania...
, (1906–1995) - David Kellogg Lewis, (1941–2001)
- Suzanne LilarSuzanne LilarSuzanne, Baroness Lilar was a Flemish Belgian essayist, novelist, and playwright writing in French...
, (1901–1992) - Gilles LipovetskyGilles LipovetskyGilles Lipovetsky is a French philosopher, writer and sociologist, professor at the University of Grenoble....
, (1944-) - Arthur LipsettArthur LipsettArthur Lipsett was a Canadian avant-garde director of short experimental films.In the 1960s he was employed as an animator by the National Film Board of Canada . Lipsett's particular passion was sound. He collected pieces of sound from a variety of sources and fit them together to create an...
, (1936–1986) - Knud Ejler LøgstrupKnud Ejler LøgstrupKnud Ejler Løgstrup was a Danish philosopher and theologian.Løgstrup was an ethical intuitionist who was critical of rule-based ethics of the type advocated by Immanuel Kant...
, (1905–1981) - Bernard LonerganBernard LonerganFr. Bernard J.F. Lonergan, CC, SJ was a Canadian Jesuit priest, philosopher, and theologian widely regarded as one of the most important Catholic thinkers of the twentieth century....
, (1904–1984) - Paul LorenzenPaul LorenzenPaul Lorenzen was a philosopher andmathematician.As a founder of the Erlangen School and the inventor of game semantics he was a famous German philosopher of the 20th century.-Biography:Lorenzen studied with David Hilbert as a schoolboy and he was one of Hasse's...
, (1915–1995) - Jean-François LyotardJean-François LyotardJean-François Lyotard was a French philosopher and literary theorist. He is well known for his articulation of postmodernism after the late 1970s and the analysis of the impact of postmodernity on the human condition...
, (1924–1998)
M
- Louis MackeyLouis H. MackeyLouis H. Mackey was a professor of philosophy at the University of Texas at Austin in the USA.-Early life:...
, (1926–2004) - John Leslie MackieJ. L. MackieJohn Leslie Mackie was an Australian philosopher, originally from Sydney. He made significant contributions to the philosophy of religion, metaphysics, and the philosophy of language, and is perhaps best known for his views on meta-ethics, especially his defence of moral skepticism.He authored six...
, (1917–1981) - Norman MalcolmNorman MalcolmNorman Malcolm was an American philosopher, born in Selden, Kansas. He studied philosophy with O.K. Bouwsma at the University of Nebraska, then enrolled as a graduate student at Harvard University in 1933....
, (1911–1990) - Merab MamardashviliMerab MamardashviliMerab Mamardashvili was a Georgian philosopher, Doctor of Sciences , Professor . He was born in Gori . In 1955 he graduated from the Faculty of Philosophy of the Moscow State University...
, (1930–1990) - Julián MaríasJulián MaríasJulián Marías Aguilera , was a Spanish philosopher. His History of Philosophy is widely accepted as the greatest work written in Spanish on the subject of the history of philosophy...
, (1914–2005) - George I. MavrodesGeorge I. MavrodesGeorge I. Mavrodes is Professor Emeritus of Philosophy at the University of Michigan and author of Belief in God: A Study in the Epistemology of Religion. Dr. George Mavrodes is emeritus professor of philosophy at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor...
- Ron McClamrockRon McClamrockRonald Albert McClamrock, usually known as Ron McClamrock, is an associate professor of philosophy at the University at Albany, The State University of New York...
- Terence McKennaTerence McKennaTerence Kemp McKenna was an Irish-American philosopher, psychonaut, researcher, teacher, lecturer and writer on many subjects, such as human consciousness, language, psychedelic drugs, the evolution of civilizations, the origin and end of the universe, alchemy, and extraterrestrial beings.-Early...
, (1946–2000) - Marshall McLuhanMarshall McLuhanHerbert Marshall McLuhan, CC was a Canadian educator, philosopher, and scholar—a professor of English literature, a literary critic, a rhetorician, and a communication theorist...
, (1911–1980) - Maurice Merleau-PontyMaurice Merleau-PontyMaurice Merleau-Ponty was a French phenomenological philosopher, strongly influenced by Karl Marx, Edmund Husserl and Martin Heidegger in addition to being closely associated with Jean-Paul Sartre and Simone de Beauvoir...
, (1908–1961) - Vincent MiceliVincent MiceliVincent P. Miceli S.J. was a Catholic priest, theologian, and philosopher.Miceli was born in New York City, USA, in 1915, the ninth of ten children of Italian immigrants.While attending cathederal High School and maintaining a 95.5 average he worked six days a week from 3-10pm delivering books...
, (1915–1991) - Stefan MolyneuxStefan MolyneuxStefan Basil Molyneux is a blogger, essayist, author, and host of the Freedomain Radio series of podcasts, living in Mississauga, Canada...
, (1966–) - Richard MontagueRichard MontagueRichard Merett Montague was an American mathematician and philosopher.-Career:At the University of California, Berkeley, Montague earned an B.A. in Philosophy in 1950, an M.A. in Mathematics in 1953, and a Ph.D. in Philosophy 1957, the latter under the direction of the mathematician and logician...
, (1930–1971) - Sidney MorgenbesserSidney MorgenbesserSidney Morgenbesser was a Columbia University philosopher. Born in New York City, he undertook philosophical study at the City College of New York and rabbinical study at the Jewish Theological Seminary of America, then pursued graduate study in philosophy at the University of Pennsylvania, where...
, (1921–2004) - Mou Tsung-san, (1909–1995)
- Iris MurdochIris MurdochDame Iris Murdoch DBE was an Irish-born British author and philosopher, best known for her novels about political and social questions of good and evil, sexual relationships, morality, and the power of the unconscious...
, (1919–1999)
N
- Ernest NagelErnest NagelErnest Nagel was a Czech-American philosopher of science. Along with Rudolf Carnap, Hans Reichenbach, and Carl Hempel, he is sometimes seen as one of the major figures of the logical positivist movement....
, (1901–1985) - Thomas NagelThomas NagelThomas Nagel is an American philosopher, currently University Professor of Philosophy and Law at New York University, where he has taught since 1980. His main areas of philosophical interest are philosophy of mind, political philosophy and ethics...
, (1937– ) - John von NeumannJohn von NeumannJohn von Neumann was a Hungarian-American mathematician and polymath who made major contributions to a vast number of fields, including set theory, functional analysis, quantum mechanics, ergodic theory, geometry, fluid dynamics, economics and game theory, computer science, numerical analysis,...
, (1903–1957) - Nishitani KeijiNishitani Keijiwas a Japanese philosopher of the Kyoto School and a disciple of Kitaro Nishida. In 1924 Nishitani put forward his dissertation Das Ideale und das Reale bei Schelling und Bergson and studied under Martin Heidegger in Freiburg during 1937-9....
, (1900–1990) - Kwame NkrumahKwame NkrumahKwame Nkrumah was the leader of Ghana and its predecessor state, the Gold Coast, from 1952 to 1966. Overseeing the nation's independence from British colonial rule in 1957, Nkrumah was the first President of Ghana and the first Prime Minister of Ghana...
, (1909–1972) - David L. NortonDavid L. NortonDavid Lloyd Norton was an American philosopher. He was born in St. Louis, Missouri, March 27, 1930, to Cecil V. Norton and Ruth Essick Norton. He was the brother of Douglas C. Norton of Norton's Fine Art in St...
, (1930–1995) - Robert NozickRobert NozickRobert Nozick was an American political philosopher, most prominent in the 1970s and 1980s. He was a professor at Harvard University. He is best known for his book Anarchy, State, and Utopia , a right-libertarian answer to John Rawls's A Theory of Justice...
, (1938–2001)
O
- Michael OakeshottMichael OakeshottMichael Joseph Oakeshott was an English philosopher and political theorist who wrote about philosophy of history, philosophy of religion, aesthetics, and philosophy of law...
, (1901–1990) - Albert OutlerAlbert OutlerAlbert Cook Outler was a 20th century American Methodist theologian and philosopher. Outler is generally considered to be one of the most important Wesley scholars in the history of the Church as well as the first real United Methodist theologian...
, (1908–1989) - Gwilyn Ellis Lane Owen, (1922–1982)
P
- John Arthur Passmore, (1914–2004)
- Jan PatočkaJan PatockaJan Patočka is considered one of the most important contributors to Czech philosophical phenomenology, as well as one of the most influential central European philosophers of the 20th century...
, (1907–1977) - Lorenzo PeñaLorenzo PeñaLorenzo Peña is a Spanish philosopher, lawyer, logician and political thinker. His rationalism is a neo-Leibnizian approach both in metaphysics and law.-Life:Lorenzo Peña was born in Alicante, Spain, on August 29, 1944...
, (1944-) - David PearceDavid PearceDavid Pearce or Dave Pearce may refer to:*David Pearce , Welsh former British heavyweight boxing champion*David Pearce British musician...
, - Lorenzo PeñaLorenzo PeñaLorenzo Peña is a Spanish philosopher, lawyer, logician and political thinker. His rationalism is a neo-Leibnizian approach both in metaphysics and law.-Life:Lorenzo Peña was born in Alicante, Spain, on August 29, 1944...
, (1944-) - D. Z. PhillipsD. Z. PhillipsDewi Zephaniah Phillips , known as D. Z. Phillips, Dewi Z, or simply DZ, was a leading proponent of Wittgensteinian philosophy of religion and had a long academic career spanning five decades...
, (1934–2006) - Alexander PiatigorskyAlexander PiatigorskyAlexander Piatigorsky was a Russian philosopher, scholar of South Asian philosophy and culture, historian, philologist, semiotician, and writer. Well-versed in the study of language, he knew Sanskrit, Tamil, Pali, Tibetan, German, Russian, French, Italian and English...
, (1929–2009) - Alvin PlantingaAlvin PlantingaAlvin Carl Plantinga is an American analytic philosopher and the emeritus John A. O'Brien Professor of Philosophy at the University of Notre Dame. He is known for his work in philosophy of religion, epistemology, metaphysics, and Christian apologetics...
, (1932-) - Louis P. Pojman, (1935–2005)
- Richard PopkinRichard PopkinRichard H. Popkin was an academic philosopher who specialized in the history of enlightenment philosophy and early modern anti-dogmatism. His 1960 work The History of Scepticism from Erasmus to Descartes introduced previously unrecognised influence on Western thought in the seventeenth century,...
, (1923–2005) - K. J. PopmaK. J. PopmaKlaas Jan Popma was one of the second generation of reformational philosophers arising from the Free University in Amsterdam, after the first generation of Herman Dooyeweerd and D. H. Th. Vollenhoven. Other second generationers were: Hendrik Van Riessen, S. U. Zuidema and J. P. A...
, (1903–1986) - Karl PopperKarl PopperSir Karl Raimund Popper, CH FRS FBA was an Austro-British philosopher and a professor at the London School of Economics...
, (1902–1994) - Arthur PriorArthur PriorArthur Norman Prior was a noted logician and philosopher. Prior founded tense logic, now also known as temporal logic, and made important contributions to intensional logic, particularly in Prior .-Biography:Prior was entirely educated in New Zealand, where he was fortunate to have come under the...
, (1914–1969) - Harry ProschHarry ProschHarry Prosch was an American philosopher born in Logansport, Indiana.-Life:Prosch, the son of a grocer, was told he was ineligible to enter college because he had not studied Latin. He was placed in the Industrial Arts program from which he graduated in 1935 and became an apprentice pattern-maker...
, (1917–2005)
Q
- W. V. O. Quine, (1908–2000)
R
- James RachelsJames RachelsJames Rachels was an American philosopher who specialized in ethics.-Biography:Rachels was born in Columbus, Georgia, and graduated from Mercer University in 1962. He received his Ph.D. in 1967 from the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, studying under Professors W. D. Falk and E. M. Adams...
, (1941–2003) - Ayn RandAyn RandAyn Rand was a Russian-American novelist, philosopher, playwright, and screenwriter. She is known for her two best-selling novels The Fountainhead and Atlas Shrugged and for developing a philosophical system she called Objectivism....
, (1905–1982) - Karl RahnerKarl RahnerKarl Rahner, SJ was a German Jesuit and theologian who, alongside Bernard Lonergan and Hans Urs von Balthasar, is considered one of the most influential Roman Catholic theologians of the 20th century...
, (1904–1984) - Frank P. RamseyFrank P. RamseyFrank Plumpton Ramsey was a British mathematician who, in addition to mathematics, made significant and precocious contributions in philosophy and economics before his death at the age of 26...
, (1903–1930)* - Ian Thomas Ramsey, (1915–1972)
- Paul RamseyPaul RamseyPaul Christopher Ramsey is a former professional footballer and Northern Ireland international who played in a defensive midfield role. He featured for Northern Ireland in the 1986 FIFA World Cup.-Career:...
, (1913–1988) - John RawlsJohn RawlsJohn Bordley Rawls was an American philosopher and a leading figure in moral and political philosophy. He held the James Bryant Conant University Professorship at Harvard University....
, (1921–2002) - Joseph RazJoseph RazJoseph Raz is a legal, moral and political philosopher. He is one of the most prominent advocates of legal positivism. He has spent most of his career as professor of philosophy of law and a fellow of Balliol College, Oxford, and simultaneously as professor of law at Columbia University Law...
, (1939-) - Radovan RichtaRadovan RichtaRadovan Richta was a Czech philosopher who coined the term technological evolution; a theory about how societies diminish physical labour by increasing mental labour. Richta was born in Prague....
, (1924–1983) - Paul RicoeurPaul RicoeurPaul Ricœur was a French philosopher best known for combining phenomenological description with hermeneutic interpretation...
, (1913–2005) - Richard RortyRichard RortyRichard McKay Rorty was an American philosopher. He had a long and diverse academic career, including positions as Stuart Professor of Philosophy at Princeton, Kenan Professor of Humanities at the University of Virginia, and Professor of Comparative Literature at Stanford University...
, (1931–2007) - Gillian RoseGillian RoseGillian Rose was a British scholar who worked in the fields of philosophy and sociology. Notable facets of this social philosopher's work include criticism of neo-Kantianism and post-modernism, along with what has been described as "a forceful defense of Hegel's speculative thought."-Life and...
, (1947–1995) - Gian-Carlo RotaGian-Carlo RotaGian-Carlo Rota was an Italian-born American mathematician and philosopher.-Life:Rota was born in Vigevano, Italy...
, (1932–1999) - Joseph RovanJoseph RovanJoseph Adolph Rovan , was a French philosopher and politician, and is considered a spiritual father of post-war Europe...
, (1918–2004) - William RoweWilliam RoweWilliam Rowe may refer to:*William L. Rowe , American philosopher of religion*William Earl Rowe , politician in Ontario, Canada*William B...
, (1931-) - Gilbert RyleGilbert RyleGilbert Ryle , was a British philosopher, a representative of the generation of British ordinary language philosophers that shared Wittgenstein's approach to philosophical problems, and is principally known for his critique of Cartesian dualism, for which he coined the phrase "the ghost in the...
, (1900–1976)
S
- Edward SaidEdward SaidEdward Wadie Saïd was a Palestinian-American literary theorist and advocate for Palestinian rights. He was University Professor of English and Comparative Literature at Columbia University and a founding figure in postcolonialism...
, (1935–2003) - Wesley Salmon, (1925–2001)
- Prabhat Rainjan Sarkar, (1921–1990)
- Jean-Paul SartreJean-Paul SartreJean-Paul Charles Aymard Sartre was a French existentialist philosopher, playwright, novelist, screenwriter, political activist, biographer, and literary critic. He was one of the leading figures in 20th century French philosophy, particularly Marxism, and was one of the key figures in literary...
, (1905–1980) - Frithjof SchuonFrithjof SchuonFrithjof Schuon, was a native of Switzerland born to German parents in Basel, Switzerland. He is known as a philosopher, metaphysician and author of numerous books on religion and spirituality....
, (1907–1998) - John SearleJohn SearleJohn Rogers Searle is an American philosopher and currently the Slusser Professor of Philosophy at the University of California, Berkeley.-Biography:...
(1932- ) - Wilfrid SellarsWilfrid SellarsWilfrid Stalker Sellars was an American philosopher. His father was the Canadian-American philosopher Roy Wood Sellars, a leading American philosophical naturalist in the first half of the twentieth-century...
, (1912–1989) - Amartya SenAmartya SenAmartya Sen, CH is an Indian economist who was awarded the 1998 Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences for his contributions to welfare economics and social choice theory, and for his interest in the problems of society's poorest members...
, (1933- ) - Stanley SfekasStanley SfekasDr. Stanley Sfekas is professor of philosophy and religion at the University of Indianapolis/Athens Campus and was born in the United States. After receiving his B.A. in Philosophy and English from the University of Maryland, he went on to earn both his M.A. and Ph.D. in Philosophy from New York...
, (1942- ) - Peter SingerPeter SingerPeter Albert David Singer is an Australian philosopher who is the Ira W. DeCamp Professor of Bioethics at Princeton University and Laureate Professor at the Centre for Applied Philosophy and Public Ethics at the University of Melbourne...
, (1946- ) - B. F. SkinnerB. F. SkinnerBurrhus Frederic Skinner was an American behaviorist, author, inventor, baseball enthusiast, social philosopher and poet...
, (1904–1990) - Robert C. SolomonRobert C. SolomonRobert C. Solomon was a professor of continental philosophy at the University of Texas at Austin in the USA.-Early life:...
, (1942–2007) - Joseph SoloveitchikJoseph SoloveitchikJoseph Ber Soloveitchik was an American Orthodox rabbi, Talmudist and modern Jewish philosopher. He was a descendant of the Lithuanian Jewish Soloveitchik rabbinic dynasty....
, (1903–1993)* - David SpanglerDavid SpanglerDavid Spangler is an American spiritual philosopher and self-described "practical mystic". He helped transform the Findhorn Foundation in northern Scotland into a centre of residential spiritual education, and is a friend of William Irwin Thompson...
, (1945-) - Herbert SpiegelbergHerbert SpiegelbergHerbert Spiegelberg was an American philosopher who played a prominent role in the advancement of the phenomenogical movement in the United States.-Life:...
, (1904–1990) - Edward StachuraEdward StachuraEdward Stachura was a Polish poet and writer. He rose to prominence in the 1960s, receiving prizes for both poetry and prose. His literary output includes four volumes of poetry, three collections of short stories, two novels, a book of essays, and the final work, Fabula rasa, which is difficult...
, (1937–1979) - Charles Leslie Stevenson, (1908–1979)
- David StoveDavid StoveDavid Charles Stove , was an Australian philosopher of science.His work in philosophy of science included detailed criticisms of David Hume's inductive skepticism, as well as what he regarded as the irrationalism of his disciplinary contemporaries Karl Popper, Thomas Kuhn, Imre Lakatos, and Paul...
, (1927–1994) - P. F. StrawsonP. F. StrawsonSir Peter Frederick Strawson FBA was an English philosopher. He was the Waynflete Professor of Metaphysical Philosophy at the University of Oxford from 1968 to 1987. Before that he was appointed as a college lecturer at University College, Oxford in 1947 and became a tutorial fellow the...
, (1919–2006) - Richard SwinburneRichard SwinburneRichard G. Swinburne is an Emeritus Professor of Philosophy at the University of Oxford. Over the last 50 years Swinburne has been a very influential proponent of philosophical arguments for the existence of God. His philosophical contributions are primarily in philosophy of religion and...
, (1934- )
T
- T'ang Chun-i, (1909–1978)
- Alfred TarskiAlfred TarskiAlfred Tarski was a Polish logician and mathematician. Educated at the University of Warsaw and a member of the Lwow-Warsaw School of Logic and the Warsaw School of Mathematics and philosophy, he emigrated to the USA in 1939, and taught and carried out research in mathematics at the University of...
, (1901–1983) - Richard TaylorRichard Taylor (philosopher)Richard Taylor was an American philosopher renowned for his dry wit and his contributions to metaphysics. He was also an internationally-known beekeeper....
, (1919–2003) - Placide TempelsPlacide TempelsPlacide Frans Tempels was a Belgian missionary who became famous for his book Bantu Philosophy.-Life:...
, (1906–1977) - Irving Thalberg Jr.Irving Thalberg Jr.Irving Thalberg Jr. was the son of 1930s Hollywood producer Irving Thalberg and Academy award-winning actress Norma Shearer. He taught philosophy at the University of Illinois at Chicago....
, (1930–1988) - Helmut ThielickeHelmut ThielickeHelmut Thielicke was a German Protestant theologian and rector of the University of Hamburg from 1960 to 1978....
, (1908–1986) - Alan TuringAlan TuringAlan Mathison Turing, OBE, FRS , was an English mathematician, logician, cryptanalyst, and computer scientist. He was highly influential in the development of computer science, providing a formalisation of the concepts of "algorithm" and "computation" with the Turing machine, which played a...
, (1912–1954)
V
- Francisco VarelaFrancisco VarelaFrancisco Javier Varela García , was a Chilean biologist, philosopher and neuroscientist who, together with his teacher Humberto Maturana, is best known for introducing the concept of autopoiesis to biology.-Biography:...
, (1946–2001) - Henry Babcock VeatchHenry Babcock VeatchHenry Babcock Veatch, Jr. was a twentieth-century American philosopher.-Life and career:Veatch was born in Evansville, Indiana. He obtained his Ph.D...
, (1911–1997) - Michel Villey, (1914–1988)
- Gregory VlastosGregory VlastosGregory Vlastos was a scholar of ancient philosophy, and author of several works on Plato and Socrates. He was also a Christian and has written on Christian faith as well.-Life and works:...
, (1907–1991) - Eric VoegelinEric VoegelinEric Voegelin, born Erich Hermann Wilhelm Vögelin, was a German-born American political philosopher. He was born in Cologne, then Imperial Germany, and educated in political science at the University of Vienna. He became a teacher and then an associate professor of political science at the...
, (1901–1985) - Georg Henrik von WrightGeorg Henrik von WrightGeorg Henrik von Wright was a Finnish philosopher, who succeeded Ludwig Wittgenstein as professor at the University of Cambridge. He published in English, Finnish, German, and in Swedish. Belonging to the Swedish-speaking minority of Finland, von Wright also had Finnish and 17th-century Scottish...
, (1916–2003)
W
- Hao Wang, (1921–1995)
- Geoffrey J. Warnock, (1923–1996)
- Alan WattsAlan WattsAlan Wilson Watts was a British philosopher, writer, and speaker, best known as an interpreter and popularizer of Eastern philosophy for a Western audience. Born in Chislehurst, he moved to the United States in 1938 and began Zen training in New York...
, (1915–1973) - Simone WeilSimone WeilSimone Weil , was a French philosopher, Christian mystic, and social activist.-Biography:Weil was born in Paris to Alsatian agnostic Jewish parents who fled the annexation of Alsace-Lorraine to Germany. She grew up in comfortable circumstances, and her father was a doctor. Her only sibling was...
, (1909–1943) - John Daniel WildJohn Daniel Wild516 pages. ISBN 0819138908 . 259 pages. 297 pages. ISBN 0313211272. 250 pages. 186 pages. 243 pages. 430 pages. ISBN 0313226415.-Further reading: 414 pages. 226 pages. ISBN 0820427969. 289 pages. ISBN 0739113666....
, (1902–1972) - Bernard WilliamsBernard WilliamsSir Bernard Arthur Owen Williams was an English moral philosopher, described by The Times as the most brilliant and most important British moral philosopher of his time. His publications include Problems of the Self , Moral Luck , Ethics and the Limits of Philosophy , and Truth and Truthfulness...
, (1929–2003) - Peter WinchPeter WinchPeter Guy Winch was a British philosopher known for his contributions to the philosophy of social science, Wittgenstein scholarship, ethics, and the philosophy of religion...
, (1926–1997) - John WisdomJohn WisdomArthur John Terence Dibben Wisdom was a leading British philosopher considered to be an ordinary language philosopher, a philosopher of mind and a metaphysician. He was influenced by G.E...
, (1904–1993) - Richard WollheimRichard WollheimRichard Arthur Wollheim was a British philosopher noted for original work on mind and emotions, especially as related to the visual arts, specifically, painting...
, (1923–2003) - Jerzy Wroblewski, (1926–1990)
Y
- Francis Parker YockeyFrancis Parker YockeyFrancis Parker Yockey was an American political thinker and polemicist best known for his neo-Spenglerian book Imperium: The Philosophy of History and Politics, published under the pen name Ulick Varange in 1948. This 600-page book argues for a culture-based, totalitarian path for the...
, (1917–1960) - Arthur M. YoungArthur M. YoungArthur Middleton Young was an American inventor, helicopter pioneer, cosmologist, philosopher, astrologer and author. Young was the designer of Bell Helicopter's first helicopter, the Model 30, and inventor of the stabilizer bar used on many of Bell's early helicopter designs...
, (1905–1995) - Iris M. Young, (1949–2006)
See also
- List of philosophers born in the centuries BC
- List of philosophers born in the 1st through 10th centuries
- List of philosophers born in the 11th through 14th centuries
- List of philosophers born in the 15th and 16th centuries
- List of philosophers born in the 17th century
- List of philosophers born in the 18th century
- List of philosophers born in the 19th century