Gustaf Erikson
Encyclopedia
Mariehamn
Mariehamn is the capital of Åland, an autonomous territory under Finnish sovereignty. Mariehamn is the seat of the Government and Parliament of Åland, and 40% of the population of Åland live in the city...
, in the Åland islands, famous for the fleet of windjammer
Windjammer
A windjammer is the ultimate type of large sailing ship with an iron or for the most part steel hull, built to carry cargo in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century...
s he operated to the end of his life, mainly on the grain trade from Australia to Europe.
Erikson was involved in sailing virtually his entire life. He went to sea at age 9, was commanding a sailing vessel in the North Sea
North Sea
In the southwest, beyond the Straits of Dover, the North Sea becomes the English Channel connecting to the Atlantic Ocean. In the east, it connects to the Baltic Sea via the Skagerrak and Kattegat, narrow straits that separate Denmark from Norway and Sweden respectively...
trade by age 19, and was master of a number of square-rigged
Square rig
Square rig is a generic type of sail and rigging arrangement in which the primary driving sails are carried on horizontal spars which are perpendicular, or square, to the keel of the vessel and to the masts. These spars are called yards and their tips, beyond the last stay, are called the yardarms...
vessels prior to becoming an owner.
His ships were bought cheaply as most shipping companies switched to steam ships about the turn of the century; Erikson would often acquire ships at shipbreakers prices. In the early 1920s there was still some competition for the windjammers sold — the shipping company F. Laeisz
Flying P-Liner
The Flying P-Liners were the sailing ships of the German shipping company F. Laeisz of Hamburg.The company was founded in 1824 by Ferdinand Laeisz as a hat manufacturing company. He was quite successful and distributed his hats even in South America...
even ordered new sailing ships in the 1920s — but in the 1930s Erikson owned a significant share of the operational windjammers of the world. In March 1935, he purchased Moshulu
Moshulu
Moshulu is a four-masted steel barque built by William Hamilton on the River Clyde in Scotland in 1904, and currently a floating restaurant docked in Penn's Landing, Philadelphia. -History:...
, "one of the finest steel barques afloat", for only $12,000.
By the late 1930s, the South Australia
South Australia
South Australia is a state of Australia in the southern central part of the country. It covers some of the most arid parts of the continent; with a total land area of , it is the fourth largest of Australia's six states and two territories.South Australia shares borders with all of the mainland...
n grain trade was virtually the only profitable use for windjammers, and then only if the ship owner minimized costs as much as possible. Erikson supplied his ships adequately with crew and supplies as these were necessary for his ships to sail quickly and efficiently, but supplied neither more crew nor equipment than was necessary. Erikson's large four-masted barques would routinely sail on voyages of 30000 nautical miles (55,560 km) with less than 30 crew.
A young Eric Newby
Eric Newby
George Eric Newby CBE MC was an English travel author. Newby's best known works include A Short Walk in the Hindu Kush, The Last Grain Race, and Round Ireland in Low Gear.-Life:...
sailed to Australia on Moshulu in 1938–1939, as part of the South Australian grain trade. At the time she was owned by Erikson and part of the last "great fleet of sailing ships". Newby chronicled his trip in The Last Grain Race
The Last Grain Race
The Last Grain Race is a 1956 book by Eric Newby, a travel writer, about his time spent on the four-masted steel barque Moshulu during the vessel's last voyage in the Australian grain trade.- Background to the book :...
and Learning the Ropes, where he wrote that Erikson was both respected and reviled by the crew, who knew him only as "Ploddy Gustav". Of the 13 ships which took part in the 1939 grain race, 10 were Erikson ships.
Ships
- Tjerimai (1913–1925, three-masted composite (wood on iron frames) barqueBarqueA barque, barc, or bark is a type of sailing vessel with three or more masts.- History of the term :The word barque appears to have come from the Greek word baris, a term for an Egyptian boat. This entered Latin as barca, which gave rise to the Italian barca, Spanish barco, and the French barge and...
, 1 550 t, built 1883 in AmsterdamAmsterdamAmsterdam is the largest city and the capital of the Netherlands. The current position of Amsterdam as capital city of the Kingdom of the Netherlands is governed by the constitution of August 24, 1815 and its successors. Amsterdam has a population of 783,364 within city limits, an urban population...
. Sank in the North SeaNorth SeaIn the southwest, beyond the Straits of Dover, the North Sea becomes the English Channel connecting to the Atlantic Ocean. In the east, it connects to the Baltic Sea via the Skagerrak and Kattegat, narrow straits that separate Denmark from Norway and Sweden respectively...
in a collision with a Dutch trawler, the captain died) - Åland (1913–1914, ex Renée Rickmers, four-masted iron barqueBarqueA barque, barc, or bark is a type of sailing vessel with three or more masts.- History of the term :The word barque appears to have come from the Greek word baris, a term for an Egyptian boat. This entered Latin as barca, which gave rise to the Italian barca, Spanish barco, and the French barge and...
, 3 300 t, built 1887 in GlasgowGlasgowGlasgow is the largest city in Scotland and third most populous in the United Kingdom. The city is situated on the River Clyde in the country's west central lowlands...
. Ran aground on a coral reef off New CaledoniaNew CaledoniaNew Caledonia is a special collectivity of France located in the southwest Pacific Ocean, east of Australia and about from Metropolitan France. The archipelago, part of the Melanesia subregion, includes the main island of Grande Terre, the Loyalty Islands, the Belep archipelago, the Isle of...
as lighthouses where unlit, wrecked, crew saved) - Fredenborg (1914–1916, three-masted wooden barque, built 1881 in GetaGeta, ÅlandGeta is a municipality of Åland, an autonomous territory of Finland.The municipality has a population of and covers an area of of which is water. The population density is .The municipality is unilingually Swedish.-External links:...
, Åland, about 700 t. Sold, wrecked same year) - Borrowdale (1916–1917, three-masted iron barque, 1 850 t, built 1868 in LiverpoolLiverpoolLiverpool is a city and metropolitan borough of Merseyside, England, along the eastern side of the Mersey Estuary. It was founded as a borough in 1207 and was granted city status in 1880...
. Torpedoed by Germans by the mouth of the Bristol channelBristol ChannelThe Bristol Channel is a major inlet in the island of Great Britain, separating South Wales from Devon and Somerset in South West England. It extends from the lower estuary of the River Severn to the North Atlantic Ocean...
, crew saved)
- Grace Harwar (1916–1935, three-masted full riggedFull rigged shipA full rigged ship or fully rigged ship is a sailing vessel with three or more masts, all of them square rigged. A full rigged ship is said to have a ship rig....
steel ship, 2 950 t, built 1889 in Glasgow. Sold to be scrapped) - Professor Koch (1916–1923, three-masted steel barque, 2 350 t, built 1891 in Glasgow. Collided with an icebergIcebergAn iceberg is a large piece of ice from freshwater that has broken off from a snow-formed glacier or ice shelf and is floating in open water. It may subsequently become frozen into pack ice...
, continued to MontevideoMontevideoMontevideo is the largest city, the capital, and the chief port of Uruguay. The settlement was established in 1726 by Bruno Mauricio de Zabala, as a strategic move amidst a Spanish-Portuguese dispute over the platine region, and as a counter to the Portuguese colony at Colonia del Sacramento...
, was deemed wrecked) - Ingrid (1917–1919, wooden barquentineBarquentineA barquentine is a sailing vessel with three or more masts; with a square rigged foremast and fore-and-aft rigged main, mizzen and any other masts.-Modern barquentine sailing rig:...
, 650 t, built 1907 in Geta. Took refuge in FalmouthFalmouth, CornwallFalmouth is a town, civil parish and port on the River Fal on the south coast of Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. It has a total resident population of 21,635.Falmouth is the terminus of the A39, which begins some 200 miles away in Bath, Somerset....
, deemed as wrecked. The English repaired the ship, mounted an auxiliary engine and sailed it in West IndiaWest IndiaWest India or the Western region of India consists of the states of Goa, Gujarat and Maharashtra, along with the Union Territories of Daman and Diu and Dadra and Nagar Haveli. It is highly industrialized, with a large urban population. Most of Western India was part of the Maratha Empire before...
among other places, scrapped 1939) - Southern Belle (1917–1919, three-masted wooden barque, about 850 tons, built 1871 in Nova ScotiaNova ScotiaNova Scotia is one of Canada's three Maritime provinces and is the most populous province in Atlantic Canada. The name of the province is Latin for "New Scotland," but "Nova Scotia" is the recognized, English-language name of the province. The provincial capital is Halifax. Nova Scotia is the...
. Sold) - Margareta (1917, four-masted steel barque, 3 100 t, built 1889 in Glasgow. Torpedoed in the Irish SeaIrish SeaThe Irish Sea separates the islands of Ireland and Great Britain. It is connected to the Celtic Sea in the south by St George's Channel, and to the Atlantic Ocean in the north by the North Channel. Anglesey is the largest island within the Irish Sea, followed by the Isle of Man...
, crew saved) - LawhillLawhillThe Lawhill was a steel-hulled four-masted barque rigged in "jubilee" or "baldheaded" fashion, i.e. without royal sails over the topgallant sails, active in the early part of the 20th century...
(1917–1942, four-masted steel barque, 4 600 t, built 1892 in DundeeDundeeDundee is the fourth-largest city in Scotland and the 39th most populous settlement in the United Kingdom. It lies within the eastern central Lowlands on the north bank of the Firth of Tay, which feeds into the North Sea...
. Taken as war prize by South AfricaSouth AfricaThe Republic of South Africa is a country in southern Africa. Located at the southern tip of Africa, it is divided into nine provinces, with of coastline on the Atlantic and Indian oceans...
) - Woodburn (1919–1924, three-masted steel barque, 2 600 t, built 1896 in Glasgow. Sold to FijiFijiFiji , officially the Republic of Fiji , is an island nation in Melanesia in the South Pacific Ocean about northeast of New Zealand's North Island...
to be a coal barge) - Rigel (1919–1920, steamship, 500 t, built 1920 [?] at the Hietalahti yard, HelsinkiHelsinkiHelsinki is the capital and largest city in Finland. It is in the region of Uusimaa, located in southern Finland, on the shore of the Gulf of Finland, an arm of the Baltic Sea. The population of the city of Helsinki is , making it by far the most populous municipality in Finland. Helsinki is...
. Sold.) - Edgar (1920–1922, steamship, 1250 t, built at the Hietalahti yard. Sold to Germany)
- Herzogin CecilieHerzogin CecilieHerzogin Cecilie was a German four-mast barque , named after German Crown Princess Duchess Cecilie of Mecklenburg-Schwerin , spouse of Crown Prince Wilhelm of Prussia .- History :...
(1921–1936, four-masted steel barque, built 1902 in BremerhavenBremerhavenBremerhaven is a city at the seaport of the free city-state of Bremen, a state of the Federal Republic of Germany. It forms an enclave in the state of Lower Saxony and is located at the mouth of the River Weser on its eastern bank, opposite the town of Nordenham...
. Ran aground in the English ChannelEnglish ChannelThe English Channel , often referred to simply as the Channel, is an arm of the Atlantic Ocean that separates southern England from northern France, and joins the North Sea to the Atlantic. It is about long and varies in width from at its widest to in the Strait of Dover...
, off DevonDevonDevon is a large county in southwestern England. The county is sometimes referred to as Devonshire, although the term is rarely used inside the county itself as the county has never been officially "shired", it often indicates a traditional or historical context.The county shares borders with...
shire, wrecked) - Loch Linnhe (1922–1933, three-masted iron barque, 2 200 t, built 1876 in Glasgow. Ran aground in the KökarKökarKökar is an island municipality to the south-east of the Åland archipelago, Finland.It is also one of the municipalities of Åland. It is reachable by boat from Långnäs on Åland or from Galtby with access to mainland Finland....
archipelago in 1933, wrecked) - PommernPommern (ship)The Pommern, formerly the Mneme , is a windjammer. She is a four-masted barque that was built in 1903 in Glasgow at the J. Reid & Co shipyard....
(1923–1953, ex Mneme, four-masted steel barque, 4 050 t, built 1903 in Glasgow. In Mariehamn when the warWinter WarThe Winter War was a military conflict between the Soviet Union and Finland. It began with a Soviet offensive on 30 November 1939 – three months after the start of World War II and the Soviet invasion of Poland – and ended on 13 March 1940 with the Moscow Peace Treaty...
broke out 1939 and did not sail any more, donated to the city of Mariehamn as museum ship) - Carradale (1923–1924, four-masted steel barque, 3 300 t, built 1889 in GlasgowGlasgowGlasgow is the largest city in Scotland and third most populous in the United Kingdom. The city is situated on the River Clyde in the country's west central lowlands...
. Sold to be scrapped) - Penang (1923–1940, ex Albert Rickmers, three-masted steel barque, 3 250 t, built 1905 in Bremerhaven. Torpedoed in the Atlantic, all 18 men drowned)
- Archibald Russel (1924–1948, four-masted steel barque, 3 950 t, built 1905 in GreenockGreenockGreenock is a town and administrative centre in the Inverclyde council area in United Kingdom, and a former burgh within the historic county of Renfrewshire, located in the west central Lowlands of Scotland...
, England. In Hull when the war brake out, seized 1941, returned to the shipowner 1948, sold to be scrapped) - Killoran (1924–1940, three-masted steel barque, 3 050 t, built 1900 in TroonTroonTroon is a town in South Ayrshire. It is situated on the west coast of Scotland, about eight miles north of Ayr and three miles northwest of Glasgow Prestwick International Airport. Lying across the Firth of Clyde, the Isle of Arran can be seen. Troon is also a port with freight and ferry services...
, Scotland. Sunk by German auxiliary cruiser WidderGerman auxiliary cruiser WidderWidder was an auxiliary cruiser of the German Navy that was used as a merchant raider in the Second World War.Her Kriegsmarine designation was Schiff 21, to the Royal Navy she was Raider D....
off the Canary IslandsCanary IslandsThe Canary Islands , also known as the Canaries , is a Spanish archipelago located just off the northwest coast of mainland Africa, 100 km west of the border between Morocco and the Western Sahara. The Canaries are a Spanish autonomous community and an outermost region of the European Union...
, crew released 1941) - Olivebank (1924–1939, four-masted steel barque, 4 400 t, built 1892 in Glasgow. Ran on a mine in the North SeaNorth SeaIn the southwest, beyond the Straits of Dover, the North Sea becomes the English Channel connecting to the Atlantic Ocean. In the east, it connects to the Baltic Sea via the Skagerrak and Kattegat, narrow straits that separate Denmark from Norway and Sweden respectively...
8.9.1939, 14 men drowned) - Carmen (1924–1934, three-masted wooden barque, 850 t, built 1921 in Granboda, Åland. Abandoned near BornholmBornholmBornholm is a Danish island in the Baltic Sea located to the east of the rest of Denmark, the south of Sweden, and the north of Poland. The main industries on the island include fishing, arts and crafts like glass making and pottery using locally worked clay, and dairy farming. Tourism is...
2.9.1934, left to the rescuers) - Polstjernan (1924, four-masted wooden schoonerSchoonerA schooner is a type of sailing vessel characterized by the use of fore-and-aft sails on two or more masts with the forward mast being no taller than the rear masts....
, 1600 t, built 1920 in DragsfjärdDragsfjärdDragsfjärd is a former municipality of Finland. On January 1, 2009, it was consolidated with Kimito and Västanfjärd to form the new municipality of Kimitoön....
, Finland. Sold 7.3.1924 to Koivisto [ PrimorskPrimorsk, Leningrad OblastPrimorsk is a coastal town in Vyborgsky District of Leningrad Oblast, Russia, and the largest Russian port on the Baltic. It is located on the Karelian Isthmus, west of St. Petersburg, at the northern coast of the Gulf of Finland, near Birch Islands, protected as a sea bird sanctuary...
?]) - Baltic (1924–1939, four-masted wooden barquentineBarquentineA barquentine is a sailing vessel with three or more masts; with a square rigged foremast and fore-and-aft rigged main, mizzen and any other masts.-Modern barquentine sailing rig:...
, 750 t, built 1919 in LemlandLemlandLemland is a municipality of Åland, an autonomous territory of Finland.The municipality has a population of and covers an area of of which is water. The population density is .The municipality is unilingually Swedish.-History:...
, Åland. Sold to RaumaRauma-Other:* Rauma dialect* Rauma class missile boat, a class of Finnish Fast Attack Craft* HNoMS Rauma , the second ship of the Norwegian Otra class minesweepers...
[or to UusikaupunkiUusikaupunkiUusikaupunki , is a town and municipality of Finland.It is located in the Finland Proper region. The municipality has a population of and covers an area of of which is inland water. The population density is .The municipality is unilingually Finnish...
?]). - Hougomont (1925–1932, four-masted steel barque, 4 000 t, built 1897 in GreenockGreenockGreenock is a town and administrative centre in the Inverclyde council area in United Kingdom, and a former burgh within the historic county of Renfrewshire, located in the west central Lowlands of Scotland...
in England. Unrigged in a tornado off Australia, became a breakwaterBreakwater (structure)Breakwaters are structures constructed on coasts as part of coastal defence or to protect an anchorage from the effects of weather and longshore drift.-Purposes of breakwaters:...
in the Spencer GulfSpencer GulfThe Spencer Gulf is the westernmost of two large inlets on the southern coast of Australia, in the state of South Australia, facing the Great Australian Bight. The Gulf is 322 km long and 129 km wide at its mouth. The western shore of the Gulf is the Eyre Peninsula, while the eastern side is the...
) - Lingard (1925–1935, three-masted steel barque, 1600 t, built 1893 in ArendalArendalis a town and municipality in the county of Aust-Agder, Norway. Arendal belongs to the traditional region of Sørlandet.The town of Arendal is the administrative center the municipality and also of Aust-Agder county...
in Norway. Collided with the Swedish s/s Gerda 1.11.1935, towed to GothenburgGothenburgGothenburg is the second-largest city in Sweden and the fifth-largest in the Nordic countries. Situated on the west coast of Sweden, the city proper has a population of 519,399, with 549,839 in the urban area and total of 937,015 inhabitants in the metropolitan area...
, sold to the sailing ships' club of Norway. The crew of 21 of Gerda drowned in the accident) - Ostrobotnia (1925–1934, three-masted wooden schooner, 800 t, built 1919 in JakobstadJakobstadJakobstad is a town and municipality in Ostrobothnia, Finland. The town has a population of and covers a land area of . The population density is .- History :...
. Scrapped at the Uusikaupunki yard) - Winterhude (1925–1944, ex Mabel Rickmers, three-masted steel barque, 3 250 t, built 1898 in Bremerhaven. Arrived 30.9. 1939 in StavangerStavangerStavanger is a city and municipality in the county of Rogaland, Norway.Stavanger municipality has a population of 126,469. There are 197,852 people living in the Stavanger conurbation, making Stavanger the fourth largest city, but the third largest urban area, in Norway...
, was unrigged, rent as warehouse, sold to the German marine 27.4.1944, become a barge in HamburgHamburg-History:The first historic name for the city was, according to Claudius Ptolemy's reports, Treva.But the city takes its modern name, Hamburg, from the first permanent building on the site, a castle whose construction was ordered by the Emperor Charlemagne in AD 808...
) - Lalla Rookh (1926–1928, ex Karhu, ex Effendi, three-masted iron barque, 1450 t, built 1876 in LiverpoolLiverpoolLiverpool is a city and metropolitan borough of Merseyside, England, along the eastern side of the Mersey Estuary. It was founded as a borough in 1207 and was granted city status in 1880...
. Sold to Belgium to be scrapped 27.11.1928) - Estonia (1927–1936, three-masted wooden barquentine, 800 t, built 1921 in Gutmannsbach. Wrecked 5.10. at Örskär)
- Melbourne (1929–1932, ex Gustav, ex Australia, four-masted steel barque, 4 250 t, built 1892 in Glasgow. M/t Seminole collided with Melbourne outside QueenstownQueenstownQueenstown is the name of several places in the world including:*Queenstown, Blackpool, Lancashire, United Kingdom*Queenstown, Eastern Cape, South Africa*Queenstown, Maryland, United States*Queenstown, New Zealand, a resort town in Otago, New Zealand...
30.6.1932, eleven men drowned when the ship sunk) - Madara (1929–1939, wooden motor shipMotor shipA motor ship or motor vessel is a ship propelled by an internal combustion engine, usually a diesel engine. The name of motor ships are often prefixed with MS, M/S, MV or M/V.- See also :...
, 900 t, built 1919 in Ärveskjöbing. Sold in BremenBremenThe City Municipality of Bremen is a Hanseatic city in northwestern Germany. A commercial and industrial city with a major port on the river Weser, Bremen is part of the Bremen-Oldenburg metropolitan area . Bremen is the second most populous city in North Germany and tenth in Germany.Bremen is...
after a collision)
- Viking (1929–1951, four-masted steel barque, 4 000 t, built 1907 in CopenhagenCopenhagenCopenhagen is the capital and largest city of Denmark, with an urban population of 1,199,224 and a metropolitan population of 1,930,260 . With the completion of the transnational Øresund Bridge in 2000, Copenhagen has become the centre of the increasingly integrating Øresund Region...
. In Mariehamn during the war, sailed afterwards, sold to Sweden, now restaurant and hotel in GothenburgGothenburgGothenburg is the second-largest city in Sweden and the fifth-largest in the Nordic countries. Situated on the west coast of Sweden, the city proper has a population of 519,399, with 549,839 in the urban area and total of 937,015 inhabitants in the metropolitan area...
.) - Ponape (1929–1936 ex Bellhouse), ex Regina Elena, four-masted steel barque, 3 500 t, built 1903 in Genoa. sold to be scrapped
- PamirPamir (ship)Pamir was one of the famous Flying P-Liner sailing ships of the German shipping company F. Laeisz. She was the last commercial sailing ship to round Cape Horn, in 1949...
(1931–1941 and 1948–1950, four-masted steel barque, 4 500 t, built 1905 in Hamburg. Seized in New Zealand 7.8.1941 as war prize, given back 1948, last grain journey in 1949, sold to be scrapped 1950, bought by Germans, capsized in the Atlantic Ocean 1957, 80 crew lost, 6 saved) - L'Avenir (1932–1937 L'Avenir), four-masted steel barque, 3 650 t, built 1908 in BremerhavenBremerhavenBremerhaven is a city at the seaport of the free city-state of Bremen, a state of the Federal Republic of Germany. It forms an enclave in the state of Lower Saxony and is located at the mouth of the River Weser on its eastern bank, opposite the town of Nordenham...
. Sold to the German government 1937, got the name Admiral Karpfanger, disappeared 1938 on way from Australia to Europe - PassatPassat (ship)Passat is a German four-masted steel barque and one of the Flying P-Liners, the famous sailing ships of the German shipping company F. Laeisz. The name "Passat" means trade wind in German. She is one of the last surviving windjammers.-History:...
(1932–1950, four-masted steel barque, 4 700 t, built 1911 in Hamburg. In Mariehamn during the war, sailed 1946–1950, sold to be scrapped, bought by Germans, museum ship in WarnemündeWarnemündeWarnemünde is a sea resort and northmost district of Rostock in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, situated on the Baltic Sea in the northeast of Germany at the estuary of the river Warnow.- History :...
) - Sweden (1932–1947, wooden motor ship, 600 t, built 1921 in Sweden. Sold to Helsinki)
- Odine (1933, four-masted wooden motor ship. Bought for the motors, hull scrapped. Wreck lies in the Uusikaupunki archipelago)
- Vera (1933–1947, wooden motor ship, 650 t, built 1936 [?] in Sweden. Sold)
- Warma (1933–1937, three-masted wooden barque, 1 400 t, built 1922 in UusikaupunkiUusikaupunkiUusikaupunki , is a town and municipality of Finland.It is located in the Finland Proper region. The municipality has a population of and covers an area of of which is inland water. The population density is .The municipality is unilingually Finnish...
. Sold to Germany) - Eläköön (1933–1943, three-masted wooden barque, 1400 t, built 1920 in UusikaupunkiUusikaupunkiUusikaupunki , is a town and municipality of Finland.It is located in the Finland Proper region. The municipality has a population of and covers an area of of which is inland water. The population density is .The municipality is unilingually Finnish...
. Sold to HelsinkiHelsinkiHelsinki is the capital and largest city in Finland. It is in the region of Uusimaa, located in southern Finland, on the shore of the Gulf of Finland, an arm of the Baltic Sea. The population of the city of Helsinki is , making it by far the most populous municipality in Finland. Helsinki is...
, converted to motor barge) - Wellamo (1933–1939, wooden barquentine, later motorized, 550 t, built 1919 in Uusikaupunki. Sold to Uusikaupunki)
- Valborg (1933–1939, four-masted wooden motored sailing ship, originally without engine, 1 500 t, built 1919 in VictoriaVictoria (geographical disambiguation)Victoria, as the name of a place or a geographical feature, may refer to:- Main disambiguation pages :* La Victoria * Mount Victoria * Port of Victoria * List of places named after Queen Victoria...
, Canada. Destroyed in a fire) - Kylemore (1934–1937, three-masted steel barque, 1 900 t, built 1880 in Glasgow. Sold to Germany to be scrapped)
- Pestalozzi (1934–1937, three-masted iron barque, 1 000 t, built 1884 in HamburgHamburg-History:The first historic name for the city was, according to Claudius Ptolemy's reports, Treva.But the city takes its modern name, Hamburg, from the first permanent building on the site, a castle whose construction was ordered by the Emperor Charlemagne in AD 808...
. Sold to Libau to be scrapped) - Regina (1934–1935, wooden motored sailing ship, 1 000 t, built 1919 in PorvooPorvooPorvoo is a city and a municipality situated on the southern coast of Finland approximately east of Helsinki. Porvoo is one of the six medieval towns in Finland, first mentioned as a city in texts from 14th century...
. Destroyed in a fire in the Baltic SeaBaltic SeaThe Baltic Sea is a brackish mediterranean sea located in Northern Europe, from 53°N to 66°N latitude and from 20°E to 26°E longitude. It is bounded by the Scandinavian Peninsula, the mainland of Europe, and the Danish islands. It drains into the Kattegat by way of the Øresund, the Great Belt and...
) - Dione (1934–1939, four-masted wooden barquentine, 1000 t, built 1923 in Åland. Collision with unknown steamer in the Baltic Sea, towed to Uusikaupunki, unregistered 1940)
- MoshuluMoshuluMoshulu is a four-masted steel barque built by William Hamilton on the River Clyde in Scotland in 1904, and currently a floating restaurant docked in Penn's Landing, Philadelphia. -History:...
(1935–1947, ex Dreadnaught, ex Kurt, four-masted steel barque, 4 900 t, built 1904 in Glasgow. Now a restaurant in Philadelphia) - Kirsta (1937–1959 ex Glenisla), steamship, 2 500 t, built 1906 in RostockRostockRostock -Early history:In the 11th century Polabian Slavs founded a settlement at the Warnow river called Roztoc ; the name Rostock is derived from that designation. The Danish king Valdemar I set the town aflame in 1161.Afterwards the place was settled by German traders...
- Gottfried (1937–1953, steamship, 2 500 t, built 1899 in Sunderland)
- Argo (1937–1942 Argo), ex Odessa, steamship, 4 320 t, built 1898 in Glasgow. Torpedoed in the Baltic Sea 16.6.1942, 9 men drowned, among them the son of Gustaf Erikson, Gustaf Adolf
- Alca (1937–1947 ex Skåne), composite motor ship, 650 t, built 1919 in Sweden. Sold
- Agnes (1938–1942, ex Blairlogie, steamship, 5 200 t, built 1912 in RotterdamRotterdamRotterdam is the second-largest city in the Netherlands and one of the largest ports in the world. Starting as a dam on the Rotte river, Rotterdam has grown into a major international commercial centre...
. Torpedoed in the Baltic Sea 1.11.1942, four man drowned) - Olivia (1940–1956, ex Kemi, steamship, 3 250 t, built 1900 in RostockRostockRostock -Early history:In the 11th century Polabian Slavs founded a settlement at the Warnow river called Roztoc ; the name Rostock is derived from that designation. The Danish king Valdemar I set the town aflame in 1161.Afterwards the place was settled by German traders...
) - Bonden (1940–1942, steamship, 900 t, built 1891 in CopenhagenCopenhagenCopenhagen is the capital and largest city of Denmark, with an urban population of 1,199,224 and a metropolitan population of 1,930,260 . With the completion of the transnational Øresund Bridge in 2000, Copenhagen has become the centre of the increasingly integrating Øresund Region...
, torpedoed 12.9.1942 in the Sea of ÅlandSea of ÅlandThe Sea of Åland is the waters located in the southern Gulf of Bothnia, between the Åland islands and the Swedish mainland. The sea connects Kvarken and the Bothnian Sea with the Baltic Sea proper. The seas are often choppy here. The narrowest part is named Södra Kvarken or South Kvarken....
, crue saved) - Avenir (1941–1950, ex Wiima, steamship, 5 080 t, built 1897 in West Hartlepool. Bought from Antti Wihuri)
- Sirius (1942–1946, ent. Bjerkvik, three-masted wooden motor schooner, sailed by the coast of Norway during the war, sold to Norway)
- Styrsö (1942–1959, ex Hilde, motor ship, 600 t, built 1894 in Sunderland, rebuilt 1944 in Uusikaupunki)
- Alden (1943–1958, ex Wisa, steamship, 6 300 t, built 1907 in Sunderland. Bought from Antti Wihuri)
- Adolf (1943–1946, steamship, 110 t, built 1889 in VarkausVarkausVarkaus is a Middle-Savonian industrial town and municipality of Finland.It is located in the province of Eastern Finland and is part of the Northern Savonia region. The municipality has a population of and covers an area of of which is water. The population density is .The municipality is...
. Sold to Helsinki) - Maria (1943–1953, ex Björneborg, steamship, 3 700 t, built 1894 in England)
- Korsö (1944–1947, ex Aura, steamship, 3 250 t, built 1908 in West Hartlepool. Bought from a Finnish shipowner, given to the Soviet Union as German property.)
- Skogsö (1947–1953, ex Mars, steamship, 1040 t, built 1909 in HobokenHoboken, New JerseyHoboken is a city in Hudson County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2010 United States Census, the city's population was 50,005. The city is part of the New York metropolitan area and contains Hoboken Terminal, a major transportation hub for the region...
.) - Granö (1947–1959, ex Stanja, steamship, 3 015 t, built 1915 in OsloOsloOslo is a municipality, as well as the capital and most populous city in Norway. As a municipality , it was established on 1 January 1838. Founded around 1048 by King Harald III of Norway, the city was largely destroyed by fire in 1624. The city was moved under the reign of Denmark–Norway's King...
.) - Kungsö (1947–1971, steamship, built 1947 in TurkuTurkuTurku is a city situated on the southwest coast of Finland at the mouth of the Aura River. It is located in the region of Finland Proper. It is believed that Turku came into existence during the end of the 13th century which makes it the oldest city in Finland...
, the year when Erikson died. Sold 1971 to Greece.)
Gustaf Erikson also owned parts in the following ships:
- Mathilda (1891–1900, three-masted barque.)
- Gessner (1892–1899, three-masted barque, built 1854)
- Adéle (1893–1898, three-masted barquentine, built 1878)
- Ocean (1894–1911, three-masted barque, built 1873)
- Montrosa (1898–1928, three-masted barque, built 1863)
- Europa (1899–1906, three-masted barque, built 1870)
- Duguay (1899–1910, three-masted barque, built 1873)
- Vanadis (1899–1903, full rigged ship, built 1880)
- Wolfe (1902–1913, three-masted barque, built 1881i)
- Cuba (1900–1901, three-masted barque, built 1872)
- Ceres (1901–1911, three-masted barquentine, built 1871)
- Augusta (1901–1911, three-masted barque)
- Alma (1901–1902, three-masted barquentine)
- Karolina (1901–1905, brigBrigA brig is a sailing vessel with two square-rigged masts. During the Age of Sail, brigs were seen as fast and manoeuvrable and were used as both naval warships and merchant vessels. They were especially popular in the 18th and early 19th centuries...
, built 1874) - Hilda (1901–1902, three-masted barque, built 1865)
- Kaleva (1901–1903, three-masted barque, built 1861)
- Albania (1903–1908, full rigged ship, built 1884)
- Deo Gloria (1903–1912, three-masted barquentine, built 1861)
- Rakkaus (1903, brig, built 1874)
- Roxane (1903–1907, three-masted barque, built 1860)
- Ida (1902–1906, three-masted barquentine)
- Holmestrand (1902–1903, three-masted barque, built 1872)
- Isabel (1905–1915, Browne, three-masted barque, built 1885
- Christine (1909–1915, three-masted barque)
- Pera (1910–1917, full rigged ship, built 1890)
- Frieda (1913–1916, ex County of Edinburgh, four-masted barque, built 1885)
- Asia (1915–1916, three-masted barque, built 1864)
- Prompt (1916–1936, three-masted barque, built 1887)
- Concordia (1916–1918, three-masted barque)
- Lucipara (1916–1917, four-masted barque, built 1885)
- (1892 (1916 Norden)), three-masted barque
- Parchim (1916–1926, three-masted barque, built 1889)
- Neptun (1917–1928, three-masted barquentine, built 1890)
- Näsborg (1919–1930, ketchKetchA ketch is a sailing craft with two masts: a main mast, and a shorter mizzen mast abaft of the main mast, but forward of the rudder post. Both masts are rigged mainly fore-and-aft. From one to three jibs may be carried forward of the main mast when going to windward...
, built 1920) - Esperanza (1920–1927, three-masted schooner, built 1919)
- Fred (1920–1934, three-masted barque, built 1920)
- Linden (1920–1937, three-masted schooner, built 1920)
- Balder (1923–1929, three-masted schooner, built 1922)
- Hildur (1926–1933, three-masted schooner)
- Vesta (1926–1935, aux. three-masted schooner)
- Vidar (1926-19??), aux. three-masted schooner
- Vineta (1926–1929, three-masted barquentine, built 1920)
- Gustaf (1929–1942, ex Elissa, aux. three-masted schooner, built 1877)
- Thekla (1929, three-masted barque, built 1881)
- Jenolin (1930–1936, aux. three-masted schooner, built 1919)
- Mozart (1931–1935, four-masted barquentine, built 1903)
- Åland (1931–1936, ex Parma ex Arrow, four-masted barque, built 1902)
- Johannes (1933–1937, aux. three-masted schooner, built 1902)
Further reading
- Kåhre, GeorgGeorg KåhreGeorge Kåhre was a teacher and author on the Åland Islands, Finland. He wrote poetry and prose, as well as factual books.Kåhre debuted in 1928 with the poetry anthology Staden med de tusen lindarna, released under the pseudonym Stefan Sylwander. He would use this pseudonym until 1933, when his...
(1978). The Last Tall Ships: Gustav Erikson and the Åland Sailing Fleets 1872–1947. Greenwich: Conway Maritime Press. ISBN 0851771343