In the context of Christianity

Christianity

Christianity is a monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus as presented in canonical gospels and other New Testament writings...

, systematic theology is a discipline of Christian theology

Christian theology

- Divisions of Christian theology :There are many methods of categorizing different approaches to Christian theology. For a historical analysis, see the main article on the History of Christian theology.- Sub-disciplines :...

 that attempts to formulate an orderly, rational, and coherent account of the Christian faith and beliefs. It is also called Dogmatics.

Systematic theology draws on the foundational sacred texts of Christianity, while simultaneously investigating the development of Christian doctrine over the course of history, particularly through philosophy, science and ethics. Inherent to a system of theological thought is that a method is developed, one which can be applied both broadly and particularly.

History

The setting out of the varied ideas of Christianity (and the various topics and themes of the diverse texts of the Bible) in a single, coherent and well-ordered presentation is a relatively late development. In Eastern Orthodoxy

Eastern Orthodox Church

The Orthodox Church, officially called the Orthodox Catholic Church and commonly referred to as the Eastern Orthodox Church, is the second largest Christian denomination in the world, with an estimated 300 million adherents mainly in the countries of Belarus, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Georgia, Greece,...

, an early example is provided by John of Damascus's

John of Damascus

Saint John of Damascus was a Syrian monk and priest...

 8th-century Exposition of the Orthodox Faith, in which he attempts to set in order, and demonstrate the coherence of, the theology of the classic texts of the Eastern theological tradition. In the West, Peter Lombard's

Peter Lombard

Peter Lombard was a scholastic theologian and bishop and author of Four Books of Sentences, which became the standard textbook of theology, for which he is also known as Magister Sententiarum-Biography:Peter Lombard was born in Lumellogno , in...

 12th-century Sentences

Sentences

The Four Books of Sentences is a book of theology written by Peter Lombard in the twelfth century. It is a systematic compilation of theology, written around 1150; it derives its name from the sententiae or authoritative statements on biblical passages that it gathered together.-Origin and...

, in which he collected thematically a large series of quotations from the Church Fathers

Church Fathers

The Church Fathers, Early Church Fathers, Christian Fathers, or Fathers of the Church were early and influential theologians, eminent Christian teachers and great bishops. Their scholarly works were used as a precedent for centuries to come...

, became the basis of a medieval

Middle Ages

The Middle Ages is a periodization of European history from the 5th century to the 15th century. The Middle Ages follows the fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476 and precedes the Early Modern Era. It is the middle period of a three-period division of Western history: Classic, Medieval and Modern...

 scholastic

Scholasticism

Scholasticism is a method of critical thought which dominated teaching by the academics of medieval universities in Europe from about 1100–1500, and a program of employing that method in articulating and defending orthodoxy in an increasingly pluralistic context...

 tradition of thematic commentary and explanation - best exemplified in Thomas Aquinas's

Thomas Aquinas

Thomas Aquinas, O.P. , also Thomas of Aquin or Aquino, was an Italian Dominican priest of the Catholic Church, and an immensely influential philosopher and theologian in the tradition of scholasticism, known as Doctor Angelicus, Doctor Communis, or Doctor Universalis...

 Summa Theologica

Summa Theologica

The Summa Theologiæ is the best-known work of Thomas Aquinas , and although unfinished, "one of the classics of the history of philosophy and one of the most influential works of Western literature." It is intended as a manual for beginners in theology and a compendium of all of the main...

. The Lutheran scholastic

Lutheran scholasticism

Lutheran scholasticism was a theological method that gradually developed during the era of Lutheran Orthodoxy. Theologians used the neo-Aristotelian form of presentation, already popular in academia, in their writings and lectures...

 tradition of a thematic, ordered exposition of Christian theology emerged in the 16th century, with Philipp Melanchthon's

Philipp Melanchthon

Philipp Melanchthon , born Philipp Schwartzerdt, was a German reformer, collaborator with Martin Luther, the first systematic theologian of the Protestant Reformation, intellectual leader of the Lutheran Reformation, and an influential designer of educational systems...

 Loci Communes

Loci Communes

Loci Communes or Loci communes rerum theologicarum seu hypotyposes theologicae was a work by the Lutheran theologian Philipp Melancthon published in 1521...

, and was countered by a Calvinist scholasticism, exemplified by John Calvin's

John Calvin

John Calvin was an influential French theologian and pastor during the Protestant Reformation. He was a principal figure in the development of the system of Christian theology later called Calvinism. Originally trained as a humanist lawyer, he broke from the Roman Catholic Church around 1530...

 Institutes of the Christian Religion

Institutes of the Christian Religion

The Institutes of the Christian Religion is John Calvin's seminal work on Protestant systematic theology...

.

In the 19th century, primarily in Protestant

Protestantism

Protestantism is one of the three major groupings within Christianity. It is a movement that began in Germany in the early 16th century as a reaction against medieval Roman Catholic doctrines and practices, especially in regards to salvation, justification, and ecclesiology.The doctrines of the...

 circles, a new kind of systematic theology arose: the attempt to demonstrate that Christian doctrine formed a more tightly coherent system grounded in some core axiom

Axiom

In traditional logic, an axiom or postulate is a proposition that is not proven or demonstrated but considered either to be self-evident or to define and delimit the realm of analysis. In other words, an axiom is a logical statement that is assumed to be true...

 or axioms. Such theologies often involved a more drastic pruning and reinterpretation of traditional belief in order to cohere with the axiom or axioms. Friedrich Daniel Ernst Schleiermacher

Friedrich Daniel Ernst Schleiermacher

Friedrich Daniel Ernst Schleiermacher was a German theologian and philosopher known for his attempt to reconcile the criticisms of the Enlightenment with traditional Protestant orthodoxy. He also became influential in the evolution of Higher Criticism, and his work forms part of the foundation of...

, for instance, produced Der christliche Glaube nach den Grundsätzen der evangelischen Kirche (The Christian Faith According to the Principles of the Protestant Church) in the 1820s, in which the core idea is the universal presence amongst humanity (sometimes more hidden, sometimes more explicit) of a feeling or awareness of 'absolute dependence'; all theological themes are reinterpreted as descriptions or expressions of modifications of this feeling..

Contemporary usage

There are three overlapping uses of the term 'systematic theology' in contemporary Christian theology.

• According to some theologians in evangelical
  Evangelicalism
  Evangelicalism is a Protestant Christian movement which began in Great Britain in the 1730s and gained popularity in the United States during the series of Great Awakenings of the 18th and 19th century.Its key commitments are:...
  
   circles, it is used to refer to the topical collection and exploration of the content of the Bible
  Bible
  The Bible refers to any one of the collections of the primary religious texts of Judaism and Christianity. There is no common version of the Bible, as the individual books , their contents and their order vary among denominations...
  
  , in which a different perspective is provided on the Bible's message than that garnered simply by reading the biblical narratives, poems, proverbs, and letters as a story of redemption or as a manual for how to live a godly life. One advantage of this approach is that it allows one to see all that the Bible says regarding some subject (e.g. the attributes of God), and one danger is a tendency to assign technical definitions to terms based on a few passages and then read that meaning everywhere the term is used in the Bible (e.g. "justification
  Justification (theology)
  Rising out of the Protestant Reformation, Justification is the chief article of faith describing God's act of declaring or making a sinner righteous through Christ's atoning sacrifice....
  
  " as Paul uses it in his letter to the Romans is allegedly different from how James uses it in his letter . In this view, systematic theology is complementary to biblical theology
  Biblical Theology
  Biblical theology is a discipline within Christian theology which studies the Bible from the perspective of understanding the progressive history of God revealing Himself to humanity following the Fall and throughout the Old Testament and New Testament...
  
  . The latter traces the themes chronologically through the Bible, while the former examines themes topically. The latter reflects the diversity of the Bible, while the former reflects its unity. However, there are some contemporary systematic theologians of an evangelical persuasion who would question this configuration of the discipline of systematic theology. Their concerns are twofold. First, instead of being a systematic exploration of theological truth, when systematic theology is defined in such a way as described above, it is synonymous with biblical theology. Instead, some contemporary systematic theologians seek to use all available resources to ascertain the nature of God and God's relationship to the world, including philosophy, history, culture, etc. In sum, these theologians argue that systematic and biblical theology are two separate, though related, disciplines. Second, some systematic theologians claim that evangelicalism itself is far too diverse to describe the above approach as "the" evangelical viewpoint. Instead, these systematic theologians would note that in instances where systematic theology is defined in such a way that it solely depends on the Bible, it is a highly conservative version of evangelical theology and does not speak for evangelical theology in toto.
• The term can also be used to refer to theology which self-avowedly seeks to perpetuate the classical traditions of thematic exploration of theology described above - often by means of commentary upon the classics of those tradition: Damascus, Aquinas, John Calvin
  John Calvin
  John Calvin was an influential French theologian and pastor during the Protestant Reformation. He was a principal figure in the development of the system of Christian theology later called Calvinism. Originally trained as a humanist lawyer, he broke from the Roman Catholic Church around 1530...
  
  , Melanchthon and others.
• Normally (but not exclusively) in liberal theology, the term can be used to refer to attempts to follow in Schleiermacher
  Schleiermacher
  Schleiermacher is the name of:* Friedrich Schleiermacher - German theologian and philosopher* Ruth Schleiermacher - speedskater* Steffen Schleiermacher - composer...
  
  's footsteps, and reinterpret Christian theology in order to derive it from a core set of axioms or principles.

In all three senses, Christian systematic theology will often touch on some or all of the following topics: God

God

God is the English name given to a singular being in theistic and deistic religions who is either the sole deity in monotheism, or a single deity in polytheism....

, Trinitarianism, Revelation

Revelation

In religion and theology, revelation is the revealing or disclosing, through active or passive communication with a supernatural or a divine entity...

, Creation

Creationism

Creationism is the religious beliefthat humanity, life, the Earth, and the universe are the creation of a supernatural being, most often referring to the Abrahamic god. As science developed from the 18th century onwards, various views developed which aimed to reconcile science with the Genesis...

 and Divine providence

Divine providence

In Christian theology, divine providence, or simply providence, is God's activity in the world. " Providence" is also used as a title of God exercising His providence, and then the word are usually capitalized...

, Theodicy

Theodicy

Theodicy is a theological and philosophical study which attempts to prove God's intrinsic or foundational nature of omnibenevolence , omniscience , and omnipotence . Theodicy is usually concerned with the God of the Abrahamic religions Judaism, Christianity, and Islam, due to the relevant...

, Theological anthropology, Christology

Christology

Christology is the field of study within Christian theology which is primarily concerned with the nature and person of Jesus Christ as recorded in the Canonical gospels and the letters of the New Testament. Primary considerations include the relationship of Jesus' nature and person with the nature...

, Soteriology

Soteriology

The branch of Christian theology that deals with salvation and redemption is called Soteriology. It is derived from the Greek sōtērion + English -logy....

, Ecclesiology

Ecclesiology

Today, ecclesiology usually refers to the theological study of the Christian church. However when the word was coined in the late 1830s, it was defined as the science of the building and decoration of churches and it is still, though rarely, used in this sense.In its theological sense, ecclesiology...

, Eschatology

Eschatology

Eschatology is a part of theology, philosophy, and futurology concerned with what are believed to be the final events in history, or the ultimate destiny of humanity, commonly referred to as the end of the world or the World to Come...

, Israelology, Bibliology, Hermeneutics, Sacrament

Sacrament

A sacrament is a sacred rite recognized as of particular importance and significance. There are various views on the existence and meaning of such rites.-General definitions and terms:...

, Pneumatology

Pneumatology

Pneumatology is the study of spiritual beings and phenomena, especially the interactions between humans and God.Pneuma is Greek for "breath", which metaphorically describes a non-material being or influence....

, Christian life, Heaven

Heaven

Heaven, the Heavens or Seven Heavens, is a common religious cosmological or metaphysical term for the physical or transcendent place from which heavenly beings originate, are enthroned or inhabit...

, and interfaith

Interfaith

The term interfaith dialogue refers to cooperative, constructive and positive interaction between people of different religious traditions and/or spiritual or humanistic beliefs, at both the individual and institutional levels...

 statements on other religions.

Church Fathers

• St. Augustine of Hippo
• Origen
  Origen
  Origen , or Origen Adamantius, 184/5–253/4, was an early Christian Alexandrian scholar and theologian, and one of the most distinguished writers of the early Church. As early as the fourth century, his orthodoxy was suspect, in part because he believed in the pre-existence of souls...
  
  
• St. Maximus the Confessor
• St. John of Damascus

Before the Protestant Reformation

• St. Anselm of Canterbury
• St. Thomas Aquinas
• Peter Lombard
  Peter Lombard
  Peter Lombard was a scholastic theologian and bishop and author of Four Books of Sentences, which became the standard textbook of theology, for which he is also known as Magister Sententiarum-Biography:Peter Lombard was born in Lumellogno , in...
  
  
• Bonaventure
  Bonaventure
  Saint Bonaventure, O.F.M., , born John of Fidanza , was an Italian medieval scholastic theologian and philosopher. The seventh Minister General of the Order of Friars Minor, he was also a Cardinal Bishop of Albano. He was canonized on 14 April 1482 by Pope Sixtus IV and declared a Doctor of the...
  
  
• Duns Scotus
  Duns Scotus
  Blessed John Duns Scotus, O.F.M. was one of the more important theologians and philosophers of the High Middle Ages. He was nicknamed Doctor Subtilis for his penetrating and subtle manner of thought....
  
  
• Catherine of Siena
  Catherine of Siena
  Saint Catherine of Siena, T.O.S.D, was a tertiary of the Dominican Order, and a Scholastic philosopher and theologian. She also worked to bring the papacy of Gregory XI back to Rome from its displacement in France, and to establish peace among the Italian city-states. She was proclaimed a Doctor...
  
  
• Adelard of Bath
  Adelard of Bath
  Adelard of Bath was a 12th century English scholar. He is known both for his original works and for translating many important Greek and Arabic scientific works of astrology, astronomy, philosophy and mathematics into Latin from Arabic versions, which were then introduced to Western Europe...
  
  
• Albertus Magnus
  Albertus Magnus
  Albertus Magnus, O.P. , also known as Albert the Great and Albert of Cologne, is a Catholic saint. He was a German Dominican friar and a bishop, who achieved fame for his comprehensive knowledge of and advocacy for the peaceful coexistence of science and religion. Those such as James A. Weisheipl...
  
  
• Albert of Saxony
  Albert of Saxony (philosopher)
  Albert of Saxony was a German philosopher known for his contributions to logic and physics...
  
  
• Alexander of Hales
  Alexander of Hales
  Alexander Hales also called Doctor Irrefragabilis and Theologorum Monarcha was a notable thinker important in the history of scholasticism and the Franciscan School.-Life:Alexander was born at Hales ,...
  
  
• Francis of Assisi
  Francis of Assisi
  Saint Francis of Assisi was an Italian Catholic friar and preacher. He founded the men's Franciscan Order, the women’s Order of St. Clare, and the lay Third Order of Saint Francis. St...
  
  
• Desiderius Erasmus
  Desiderius Erasmus
  Desiderius Erasmus Roterodamus , known as Erasmus of Rotterdam, was a Dutch Renaissance humanist, Catholic priest, and a theologian....
  
  
• Giles of Rome
  Giles of Rome
  Giles of Rome , was an archbishop of Bourges who was famed for his logician commentary on the Organon by Aristotle. Giles was styled Doctor Fundatissimus by Pope Benedict XIV...
  
  
• Godfrey of Fontaines
  Godfrey of Fontaines
  Godfrey of Fontaines , whose name in Latin was Godefridus de Fontibus, was a scholastic philosopher and theologian, designated by the title Doctor Venerandus. He made contributions to a diverse range of subjects ranging from moral philosophy to epistemology...
  
  
• Robert Grosseteste
  Robert Grosseteste
  Robert Grosseteste or Grossetete was an English statesman, scholastic philosopher, theologian and Bishop of Lincoln. He was born of humble parents at Stradbroke in Suffolk. A.C...
  
  
• Henry of Ghent
  Henry of Ghent
  Henry of Ghent , scholastic philosopher, known as Doctor Solemnis , also known as Henricus de Gandavo and Henricus Gandavensis, was born in the district of Mude, near Ghent, and died at Tournai...
  
  
• Ignatius of Loyola
  Ignatius of Loyola
  Ignatius of Loyola was a Spanish knight from a Basque noble family, hermit, priest since 1537, and theologian, who founded the Society of Jesus and was its first Superior General. Ignatius emerged as a religious leader during the Counter-Reformation...
  
  
• Peter Lombard
  Peter Lombard
  Peter Lombard was a scholastic theologian and bishop and author of Four Books of Sentences, which became the standard textbook of theology, for which he is also known as Magister Sententiarum-Biography:Peter Lombard was born in Lumellogno , in...
  
  
• Jean Gerson
  Jean Gerson
  Jean Charlier de Gerson , French scholar, educator, reformer, and poet, Chancellor of the University of Paris, a guiding light of the conciliar movement and one of the most prominent theologians at the Council of Constance, was born at the village of Gerson, in the bishopric of Reims in...
  
  
• Paschasius Radbertus
• William of Alnwick
  William of Alnwick
  William of Alnwick was a Franciscan friar and theologian, and bishop of Giovinazzo, who took his name from Alnwick in Northumberland....
  
  
• William of Ockham
  William of Ockham
  William of Ockham was an English Franciscan friar and scholastic philosopher, who is believed to have been born in Ockham, a small village in Surrey. He is considered to be one of the major figures of medieval thought and was at the centre of the major intellectual and political controversies of...
  
  
• William of Ware
  William of Ware
  William of Ware was a Franciscan friar and theologian, born at Ware in Hertfordshire. He almost certainly studied at Oxford University and lectured on the Sentences of Pierre Lombard there, but he is not listed among the Oxford masters...
  
  

Roman Catholic since the Reformation

• Noel Alexandre
  Noel Alexandre
  Noël Alexandre, or Natalis Alexander was a French theologian and ecclesiastical historian.-Biography:In 1654, Alexandre joined the Dominicans in his hometown...
  
  
• Mariano Artigas
  Mariano Artigas
  Mariano Artigas was a Spanish physicist, philosopher and writer. He received the Templeton Foundation Award in 1995 for his work on science and religion...
  
  
• G. E. M. Anscombe
  G. E. M. Anscombe
  Gertrude Elizabeth Margaret Anscombe , better known as Elizabeth Anscombe, was a British analytic philosopher from Ireland. A student of Ludwig Wittgenstein, she became an authority on his work and edited and translated many books drawn from his writings, above all his Philosophical Investigations...
  
  
• Franz Xaver von Baader
  Franz Xaver von Baader
  Franz Xaver von Baader was a German Roman Catholic philosopher and theologian.-Life:He was born in Munich, the third son of F. P. Baader, court physician to the Prince-elector of Bavaria. His brothers were both distinguished — the elder, Clemens, as an author; the second, Joseph , as an...
  
  
• Jaime Balmes
• Hans Urs von Balthasar
  Hans Urs von Balthasar
  Hans Urs von Balthasar was a Swiss theologian and priest who was nominated to be a cardinal of the Catholic Church...
  
  
• Frans Jozef Van Beeck
• Józef Maria Bocheński
  Józef Maria Bochenski
  Józef Maria Bocheński was a Polish Dominican, logician and philosopher.-Life:...
  
  
• Louis Bouyer
  Louis Bouyer
  Louis Bouyer was a French Lutheran minister who converted to Catholicism in 1939. During his religious career he was a scholar who was relied upon during the Second Vatican Council....
  
  
• Henri Brémond
  Henri Brémond
  Henri Bremond was a French literary scholar, sometime Jesuit, and Catholic philosopher, one of the theological modernists.-Biography:...
  
  
• Jay Budziszewski
• Christopher Butler
  Christopher Butler
  Basil Christopher Butler OSB , was a convert from the Church of England to the Roman Catholic Church, a Roman Catholic priest, the 7th Abbot of Downside Abbey, one-time Abbot President of the English Benedictine Congregation, a bishop, an internationally respected scripture scholar, a consistent...
  
  
• Hélder Câmara
  Hélder Câmara
  Dom Hélder Pessoa Câmara was Roman Catholic Archbishop of Olinda and Recife.He was known as the 'Bishop of Corum' and took a clear position with the urban poor....
  
  
• Michel de Certeau
  Michel de Certeau
  Michel de Certeau was a French Jesuit and scholar whose work combined history, psychoanalysis, philosophy, and the social sciences.-Education:...
  
  
• Pierre Teilhard de Chardin
  Pierre Teilhard de Chardin
  Pierre Teilhard de Chardin SJ was a French philosopher and Jesuit priest who trained as a paleontologist and geologist and took part in the discovery of both Piltdown Man and Peking Man. Teilhard conceived the idea of the Omega Point and developed Vladimir Vernadsky's concept of Noosphere...
  
  
• Franz Jakob Clemens
  Franz Jakob Clemens
  Franz Jacob Clemens was a German Catholic philosopher, a layman who defended the Catholic Church even on theological questions.-Life:Clemens was born in Koblenz...
  
  
• Yves Congar
  Yves Congar
  Yves Marie Joseph Congar was a French Dominican cardinal and theologian.-Early life:Born in Sedan, in northeast France, in 1904, Congar's home was occupied by the Germans for much of World War I...
  
  
• Frederick Copleston
  Frederick Copleston
  Frederick Charles Copleston, SJ, CBE was a Jesuit priest and historian of philosophy.-Biography:...
  
  
• John Dobree Dalgairns
  John Dobree Dalgairns
  John Dobree Dalgairns , English Roman Catholic priest, was born in Guernsey.He attended Elizabeth College, Guernsey, from where he was awarded an Open Scholarship to Exeter College, Oxford....
  
  
• Jean Daniélou
• Miguel A. De La Torre
  Miguel A. De La Torre
  Miguel A. De La Torre is a professor of Social Ethics and Latino/a Studies at Iliff School of Theology, a religious scholar, author, and an ordained minister.-Biography:...
  
  
• Henry Denifle
  Henry Denifle
  Henry Denifle, in German Heinrich Seuse Denifle , was an Austrian paleographer and historian.-Life and work:...
  
  
• Peter Dens
  Peter Dens
  Peter Dens was a Flemish Roman Catholic theologianHe was born at Boom near Antwerp. Most of his life was spent in the archiepiscopal college of Mechelen, where he was for twelve years reader in theology and for forty president...
  
  
• René Descartes
  René Descartes
  René Descartes ; was a French philosopher and writer who spent most of his adult life in the Dutch Republic. He has been dubbed the 'Father of Modern Philosophy', and much subsequent Western philosophy is a response to his writings, which are studied closely to this day...
  
  
• Augusta Theodosia Drane
  Augusta Theodosia Drane
  Augusta Theodosia Drane was an English writer and Roman Catholic nun.Born at Bromley, near Bow and brought up in the Anglican creed, she was influenced by Tractarian teachings and joined the Roman Catholic Church around 1850.She wrote, and published anonymously, an essay questioning the morality...
  
  
• Avery Dulles
• Michael Dummett
  Michael Dummett
  Sir Michael Anthony Eardley Dummett FBA D.Litt is a British philosopher. He was, until 1992, Wykeham Professor of Logic at the University of Oxford...
  
  
• Félix Dupanloup
  Félix Dupanloup
  Félix Antoine Philibert Dupanloup was a French ecclesiastic.-Biography:He was born at Saint-Félix, in Haute-Savoie. In his earliest years he was confided to the care of his brother, a priest in the diocese of Chambéry. In 1810 he was sent to a pensionnat ecclésiastique at Paris...
  
  
• Louis Dupre
  Louis Dupre
  Louis Dupre is a Catholic phenomenologist and religious philosopher. He was the T. Lawrason Riggs Professor in Yale University's religious studies department from 1973 to 1998, after which he became Professor Emeritus...
  
  
• Jacques Dupuis
• Ignacio Ellacuría
  Ignacio Ellacuría
  Ignacio Ellacuría, S.J. was a Jesuit priest, philosopher, and theologian who did important work as a professor and rector at the Universidad Centroamericana "José Simeón Cañas" , a Jesuit university in El Salvador founded in 1965...
  
  
• Frederick William Faber
• Peter Faber
  Peter Faber
  Blessed Peter Faver was a French Jesuit theologian and a cofounder of the Society of Jesus. He was beatified by the Roman Catholic Church on September 5, 1872.-Biography:Peter Faver , grew up in far east central France...
  
  
• Cornelio Fabro
  Cornelio Fabro
  Cornelio Fabro was an Italian Catholic priest and philosopher.He was the founder of the Institute for Higher Studies on Unbelief, Religion and Cultures. He is known for his prodigious philosophical production and his thomistic thought...
  
  
• Febronius
  Johann Nikolaus von Hontheim
  Johann Nikolaus von Hontheim was a German historian and theologian. He is remembered as Febronius, the pseudonym under which he wrote his 1763 treatise On the State of the Church and the Legitimate Power of the Roman Pontiff which offered Europe the "foremost formulation of the arguments against...
  
  
• John Finnis
  John Finnis
  John Finnis , is an Australian legal scholar and philosopher, specializing in the philosophy of law. He is Professor of Law at University College, Oxford and at the University of Notre Dame, teaching jurisprudence, political theory, and constitutional law...
  
  
• Bas van Fraassen
• Charles Émile Freppel
• Reginald Garrigou-Lagrange
  Reginald Garrigou-Lagrange
  Réginald Marie Garrigou-Lagrange, O.P. was a Catholic theologian and, among Thomists of the scholastic tradition, is generally thought to be the greatest Catholic Thomist of the 20th century. Outside the ranks of Thomists of that sort, his reputation is somewhat more mixed. He taught at the...
  
  
• Peter Geach
  Peter Geach
  Peter Thomas Geach is a British philosopher. His areas of interest are the history of philosophy, philosophical logic, and the theory of identity.He was educated at Balliol College, Oxford...
  
  
• Robert P. George
  Robert P. George
  Robert P. George is McCormick Professor of Jurisprudence at Princeton University, where he lectures on constitutional interpretation, civil liberties and philosophy of law. He also serves as the director of the James Madison Program in American Ideals and Institutions...
  
  
• Étienne Gilson
  Étienne Gilson
  Étienne Gilson was a French Thomistic philosopher and historian of philosophy...
  
  
• René Girard
  René Girard
  René Girard is a French historian, literary critic, and philosopher of social science. His work belongs to the tradition of anthropological philosophy...
  
  
• Luigi Giussani
  Luigi Giussani
  Monsignor Luigi Giovanni Giussani , Italian Catholic priest, educator, public intellectual and founder of the international Catholic movement Communion and Liberation .-Biography:...
  
  
• Auguste Joseph Alphonse Gratry
  Auguste Joseph Alphonse Gratry
  Auguste Joseph Alphonse Gratry was a French author and theologian.Gratry was born at Lille and educated at the École Polytechnique of Paris. After a period of mental struggle which he has described in Souvenirs de ma jeunesse, he was ordained priest in 1832...
  
  
• Germain Grisez
  Germain Grisez
  Germain Gabriel Grisez is a Catholic moral theologian. Grisez is the author of the three-volume Way of the Lord Jesus. Grisez moves between the spheres of philosophy and theology, articulating a new form of natural law thinking, consonant with the teachings of the Roman Catholic magisterium.Grisez...
  
  
• Vekoslav Grmič
  Vjekoslav Grmic
  Vekoslav Grmič was a Slovenian Roman Catholic bishop and theologian, known for his sympathy towards Socialist ideas.-Biography:...
  
  
• Romano Guardini
  Romano Guardini
  Romano Guardini was a Catholic priest, author, and academic. He was one of the most important figures in Catholic intellectual life in 20th-century.- Life and work:...
  
  
• Jean Guitton
  Jean Guitton
  Jean Guitton was a French Catholic philosopher and theologian.-Biography:Born in Saint-Étienne, Loire, he studied at the Lycée du Parc in Lyon and was accepted at the École normale supérieure in Paris. His principal religious and intellectual influence was from a blind priest, Francois Pouget...
  
  
• Anton Günther
  Anton Günther
  Anton Günther was an Austrian Roman Catholic philosopher whose work was condemned by the church as heretical tritheism.-Biography:...
  
  
• Izidor Guzmics
  Izidor Guzmics
  Izidor Guzmics , Hungarian theologian, was born at Vámos-Család in the county of Sopron.At Sopron he was instructed in the art of poetry by Pál Horváth. In October 1805 he entered the Benedictine order, but left it in August of the following year only again to assume the monastic garb on November...
  
  

• John Hardon
  John Hardon
  John A. S. A. Hardon, S.J., Servant of God was a Jesuit priest, writer, and theologian. He is the founder of The Holy Trinity Apostolate.-Early life:...
  
  
• Karl Josef von Hefele
  Karl Josef von Hefele
  Karl Josef von Hefele was a German theologian. He was born at Unterkochen in Württemberg, and was educated at Tübingen where in 1839 he became professor-ordinary of Church history and patristics in the Roman Catholic faculty of theology.From 1842 to 1845 he sat in the National Assembly of...
  
  
• Martin Heidegger
  Martin Heidegger
  Martin Heidegger was a German philosopher known for his existential and phenomenological explorations of the "question of Being."...
  
  
• Michal Heller
• Joseph Hergenröther
  Joseph Hergenröther
  Joseph Hergenröther was a German Church historian and canonist, and the first Cardinal-Prefect of the Vatican Archives.-Biography:...
  
  
• Georg Hermes
  Georg Hermes
  Georg Hermes , German Roman Catholic theologian, was born at Dreierwalde, in Westphalia, and was educated at the gymnasium and university of Münster, in both of which institutions he afterwards taught....
  
  
• Alice von Hildebrand
  Alice von Hildebrand
  Alice von Hildebrand is a Catholic philosopher and theologian and a former professor.She came to the U.S. in 1940 and began teaching at Hunter College in New York City in 1947...
  
  
• Dietrich von Hildebrand
  Dietrich von Hildebrand
  Dietrich von Hildebrand was a German Catholic philosopher and theologian who was called by Pope Pius XII "the 20th Century Doctor of the Church."...
  
  
• Oswald von Nell-Breuning
  Oswald von Nell-Breuning
  Oswald von Nell-Breuning SJ was a Roman Catholic theologian and sociologist.Born in Trier, Germany into an aristocratic family, Nell-Breuning was ordained in 1921 and appointed Professor of Ethics at the University of Frankfurt am Main in 1928...
  
  
• Ivan Illich
  Ivan Illich
  Ivan Illich was an Austrian philosopher, Roman Catholic priest, and "maverick social critic" of the institutions of contemporary western culture and their effects on the provenance and practice of education, medicine, work, energy use, transportation, and economic development.- Personal life...
  
  
• Caspar Isenkrahe
  Caspar Isenkrahe
  Mathias Caspar Hubert Isenkrahe was a German mathematician, physicist and catholic philosopher of nature.- Life :Caspar Isenkrahe grew up without a father, who died before Caspar's birth...
  
  
• Bernard Philip Kelly
  Bernard Philip Kelly
  -Works:Kelly's inspiration was scholastic philosophy and, in particular, the Summa Theologica of Thomas Aquinas. He was a regular contributor to Catholic periodicals, from the 1930s to the 1950s....
  
  
• Joseph Kleutgen
  Joseph Kleutgen
  Joseph Wilhelm Karl Kleutgen was a German Jesuit theologian and philosopher.-Life:Kleutgen was born in Dortmund, Westphalia. He began his studies with the intention of becoming a priest, but owing to the Protestant atmosphere of the school which he attended, his zeal for religion gradually cooled...
  
  
• Milan Komar
  Milan Komar
  Milan Komar, also known as Emilio Komar was a Slovene Argentine Catholic philosopher and essayist.-Life:...
  
  
• Peter Kreeft
  Peter Kreeft
  Peter John Kreeft, Ph.D., is a professor of philosophy at Boston College and The King's College, and author of numerous books as well as a popular writer on philosophy, Christian theology, and specifically Catholic apologetics. He also formulated together with Ronald K. Tacelli, SJ, "Twenty...
  
  
• Hans Küng
  Hans Küng
  Hans Küng is a Swiss Catholic priest, theologian, and prolific author. Since 1995 he has been President of the Foundation for a Global Ethic . Küng is "a Catholic priest in good standing", but the Vatican has rescinded his authority to teach Catholic theology...
  
  
• Jean-Baptiste Henri Lacordaire
  Jean-Baptiste Henri Lacordaire
  Jean-Baptiste Henri-Dominique Lacordaire , often styled Henri-Dominique Lacordaire, was a French ecclesiastic, preacher, journalist and political activist...
  
  
• Catherine LaCugna
  Catherine LaCugna
  Catherine Mowry LaCugna was a feminist Catholic theologian and author of God For Us. LaCugna's passion was to make the doctrine of the Trinity relevant to the everyday life of modern Christians....
  
  
• Nicholas-Joseph Laforêt
  Nicholas-Joseph Laforêt
  Nicholas-Joseph Laforêt was a Belgian Catholic philosopher and theologian,.-Life:...
  
  
• Hughes Felicité Robert de Lamennais
  Hughes Felicité Robert de Lamennais
  Hugues-Félicité Robert de Lamennais , was a French priest, and philosophical and political writer.-Youth:Félicité de Lamennais was born at Saint-Malo on June 19, 1782, the son of a wealthy merchant...
  
  
• Léon Ollé-Laprune
  Léon Ollé-Laprune
  Léon Ollé-Laprune was a French Catholic philosopher.-Life:Under the influence of the philosopher Elme Marie Caro and of Père Gratry's book Les Sources, Ollé-Laprune, after exceptionally brilliant studies at the Ecole Normale Supérieure , devoted himself to philosophy...
  
  
• Alphonsus Liguori
  Alphonsus Liguori
  Saint Alphonsus Maria de Liguori was an Italian Catholic bishop, spiritual writer, scholastic philosopher and theologian, and founder of the Redemptorists, an influential religious congregation...
  
  
• Osvaldo Lira
  Osvaldo Lira
  José Luis Osvaldo Lira Pérez SS.CC. , priest, philosopher and theologian. Author of more than 10 books on topics related to the philosophy of St. Thomas Aquinas, as well as Ortega y Gasset and Juan Vázquez de Mella...
  
  
• Ramon Llull
  Ramon Llull
  Ramon Llull was a Majorcan writer and philosopher, logician and tertiary Franciscan. He wrote the first major work of Catalan literature. Recently-surfaced manuscripts show him to have anticipated by several centuries prominent work on elections theory...
  
  
• Bernard Lonergan
  Bernard Lonergan
  Fr. Bernard J.F. Lonergan, CC, SJ was a Canadian Jesuit priest, philosopher, and theologian widely regarded as one of the most important Catholic thinkers of the twentieth century....
  
  
• Henri de Lubac
  Henri de Lubac
  Henri-Marie de Lubac, SJ was a French Jesuit priest who became a Cardinal of the Catholic Church, and is considered to be one of the most influential theologians of the 20th century...
  
  
• Richard McBrien
  Richard McBrien
  Richard Peter McBrien is the Crowley-O'Brien Professor of Theology at the University of Notre Dame. He is a priest of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Hartford and the author of several controversial books and articles discussing Catholicism. He is most well known for his authorship of Catholicism...
  
  
• Ralph McInerny
  Ralph McInerny
  Ralph Matthew McInerny was a Roman Catholic, American, philosopher, University professor, and prolific author, including fiction of which some appeared under the pseudonyms of Harry Austin, Matthew FitzRalph, Ernan Mackey, Edward Mackin, and Monica Quill, and mysteries of which his best known is...
  
  
• Alasdair MacIntyre
  Alasdair MacIntyre
  Alasdair Chalmers MacIntyre is a British philosopher primarily known for his contribution to moral and political philosophy but known also for his work in history of philosophy and theology...
  
  
• John Mair
  John Mair
  John Mair was a Scottish philosopher, much admired in his day and an acknowledged influence on all the great thinkers of the time. He was a very renowned teacher and his works much collected and frequently republished across Europe...
  
  
• Joseph de Maistre
  Joseph de Maistre
  Joseph-Marie, comte de Maistre was a French-speaking Savoyard philosopher, writer, lawyer, and diplomat. He defended hierarchical societies and a monarchical State in the period immediately following the French Revolution...
  
  
• Nicolas Malebranche
  Nicolas Malebranche
  Nicolas Malebranche ; was a French Oratorian and rationalist philosopher. In his works, he sought to synthesize the thought of St. Augustine and Descartes, in order to demonstrate the active role of God in every aspect of the world...
  
  
• Gabriel Marcel
  Gabriel Marcel
  Gabriel Honoré Marcel was a French philosopher, a leading Christian existentialist, and author of about 30 plays.He focused on the modern individual's struggle in a technologically dehumanizing society...
  
  
• Jean-Luc Marion
  Jean-Luc Marion
  Jean-Luc Marion is among the best-known living philosophers in France, former student of Jacques Derrida and one of the leading Catholic thinkers of modern times. Marion's take on the postmodern is informed by his expertise in patristic and mystical theology, phenomenology, and modern philosophy...
  
  
• Jacques Maritain
  Jacques Maritain
  Jacques Maritain was a French Catholic philosopher. Raised as a Protestant, he converted to Catholicism in 1906. An author of more than 60 books, he helped to revive St. Thomas Aquinas for modern times and is a prominent drafter of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights...
  
  
• Sylvester Mazzolini
  Sylvester Mazzolini
  Sylvester Mazzolini, in Italian Silvestro Mazzolini da Prierio, in Latin Sylvester Prierias. was a theologian born at Priero, Piedmont; he died at Rome.At the age of fifteen, he entered the Dominican Order...
  
  
• Thomas Merton
  Thomas Merton
  Thomas Merton, O.C.S.O. was a 20th century Anglo-American Catholic writer and mystic. A Trappist monk of the Abbey of Gethsemani, Kentucky, he was a poet, social activist, and student of comparative religion...
  
  
• Vincent Miceli
  Vincent Miceli
  Vincent P. Miceli S.J. was a Catholic priest, theologian, and philosopher.Miceli was born in New York City, USA, in 1915, the ninth of ten children of Italian immigrants.While attending cathederal High School and maintaining a 95.5 average he worked six days a week from 3-10pm delivering books...
  
  
• Giovanni Pico della Mirandola
  Giovanni Pico della Mirandola
  Count Giovanni Pico della Mirandola was an Italian Renaissance philosopher. He is famed for the events of 1486, when at the age of 23, he proposed to defend 900 theses on religion, philosophy, natural philosophy and magic against all comers, for which he wrote the famous Oration on the Dignity of...
  
  
• Luis de Molina
• Thomas Molnar
  Thomas Molnar
  Molnár Tamás, Thomas Molnar or Molnar, Thomas Steven was a Catholic philosopher, historian and political theorist.- Life :...
  
  
• Thomas More
  Thomas More
  Sir Thomas More , also known by Catholics as Saint Thomas More, was an English lawyer, social philosopher, author, statesman and noted Renaissance humanist. He was an important councillor to Henry VIII of England and, for three years toward the end of his life, Lord Chancellor...
  
  
• Emmanuel Mounier
  Emmanuel Mounier
  Emmanuel Mounier was a French philosopher.Mounier was the guiding spirit in the French Personalist movement, and founder and director of Esprit, the magazine which was the organ of the movement. Mounier, who was the child of peasants, was a brilliant scholar at the Sorbonne...
  
  
• John Courtney Murray
  John Courtney Murray
  John Courtney Murray, , was an American Jesuit priest and theologian, who was especially known for his efforts to reconcile Catholicism and religious pluralism, particularly focusing on the relationship between religious freedom and the institutions of a democratically structured modern...
  
  
• Richard John Neuhaus
  Richard John Neuhaus
  Richard John Neuhaus was a prominent Christian cleric and writer. Born in Canada, Neuhaus moved to the United States where he became a naturalized United States citizen...
  
  
• John Henry Newman
• Aidan Nichols
  Aidan Nichols
  John Christopher "Aidan" Nichols OP is an academic and Catholic priest.Nichols served as the first John Paul II Memorial Visiting Lecturer at the University of Oxford for 2006 to 2008, the first lectureship of Catholic theology at that university since the Reformation...
  
  
• Henri Nouwen
  Henri Nouwen
  Henri Jozef Machiel Nouwen , was a Dutch-born Catholic priest and writer who authored 40 books about spirituality.- Writing :...
  
  
• Walter J. Ong
  Walter J. Ong
  Father Walter Jackson Ong, Ph.D. , was an American Jesuit priest, professor of English literature, cultural and religious historian and philosopher. His major interest was in exploring how the transition from orality to literacy influenced culture and changed human consciousness...
  
  
• Cyril O'Regan
  Cyril O'Regan
  Cyril J. O'Regan, an Irish-born Roman Catholic intellectual, is the Catherine F. Huisking Professor of Theology at the University of Notre Dame...
  
  
• Henry Nutcombe Oxenham
  Henry Nutcombe Oxenham
  Henry Nutcombe Oxenham was an English ecclesiologist and author. He was originally ordained in the Church of England, but later converted to the Roman Catholic Church....
  
  

• Blaise Pascal
  Blaise Pascal
  Blaise Pascal , was a French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer and Catholic philosopher. He was a child prodigy who was educated by his father, a tax collector in Rouen...
  
  
• Franciscus Patricius
• Péter Pázmány
  Péter Pázmány
  Péter Pázmány de Panasz was a Hungarian philosopher, theologian, catholic cardinal, pulpit orator and statesman. He was an important figure in the Counter-Reformation in Royal Hungary. He worked to convert Protestants back to Catholicism in Hungary.His most important legacy was his creation of the...
  
  
• Giuseppe Pecci
  Giuseppe Pecci
  Giuseppe Pecci S.J. was a Catholic Thomist theologian whose younger brother, Vincenzo, became Pope Leo XIII and appointed him a cardinal...
  
  
• Marcelino Menéndez y Pelayo
  Marcelino Menéndez y Pelayo
  Marcelino Menéndez y Pelayo was a Spanish scholar, historian and literary critic. Even though his main interest was the History of ideas, and Hispanic philology in general, he also cultivated poetry, translation and philosophy.He was born at Santander where he showed that he was an infant prodigy...
  
  
• Josef Pieper
  Josef Pieper
  Josef Pieper was a German Catholic philosopher, at the forefront of the Neo-Thomistic wave in twentieth century Catholic philosophy. Among his most notable works are The Four Cardinal Virtues: Prudence, Justice, Fortitude, Temperance; Leisure: the Basis of Culture; The Philosophical Act and Guide...
  
  
• Karl Rahner
  Karl Rahner
  Karl Rahner, SJ was a German Jesuit and theologian who, alongside Bernard Lonergan and Hans Urs von Balthasar, is considered one of the most influential Roman Catholic theologians of the 20th century...
  
  
• Joseph Ratzinger (now Pope
  Pope
  The Pope is the Bishop of Rome, a position that makes him the leader of the worldwide Catholic Church . In the Catholic Church, the Pope is regarded as the successor of Saint Peter, the Apostle...
  
   Benedict XVI)
• Gioacchino Ventura di Raulica
  Gioacchino Ventura di Raulica
  Gioacchino Ventura di Raulica was an Italian Roman Catholic pulpit orator, patriot, philosopher and writer.-Biography:He was born in Palermo, Sicily, on 8 December 1792. He entered the Society of Jesus in 1808, and in 1817, when the Society was suppressed in Sicily, joined the Theatines...
  
  
• Martin Rhonheimer
  Martin Rhonheimer
  Martin Rhonheimer is a Swiss academic philosopher and a priest of the Catholic personal prelature Opus Dei. He currently teaches at the Opus Dei-affiliated Pontifical University of the Holy Cross in Rome.-Life:...
  
  
• Antonio Rosmini-Serbati
  Antonio Rosmini-Serbati
  Blessed Antonio Rosmini-Serbati was an Italian Roman Catholic priest and philosopher. He founded the Rosminians, officially the Institute of Charity or Societas a charitate nuncupata.-Biography:...
  
  
• Jacek Salij
  Jacek Salij
  Jacek Salij OP is a Polish theologian and Thomist, philosopher, Roman Catholic priest, Dominican, translator, writer and publicist.- Biography :...
  
  
• Giovanni Battista Scaramelli
  Giovanni Battista Scaramelli
  Giovanni Battista Scaramelli was an Italian Jesuit, ethicist and ascetical writer.-Biography:He was born at Rome and died at Macerata in 1752. He entered the Society of Jesus on 21 September 1706...
  
  
• Constantine von Schäzler
  Constantine von Schäzler
  Constantine von Schäzler was a German Jesuit theologian.-Life:By birth and training a Protestant, he was a pupil at the Protestant gymnasium St. Anna of Ratisbon; took the philosophical course at the University of Erlangen in 1844-45; then studied law at Munich, 1845–47, and at Heidelberg, 1847-48...
  
  
• Max Scheler
  Max Scheler
  Max Scheler was a German philosopher known for his work in phenomenology, ethics, and philosophical anthropology...
  
  
• Edward Schillebeeckx
  Edward Schillebeeckx
  Edward Cornelis Florentius Alfonsus Schillebeeckx was a Belgian Roman Catholic theologian born in Antwerp. He taught at the Catholic University in Nijmegen. He then continued writing. In his nineties, he still wanted to finish a major book about the Sacraments.He was a member of the Dominican Order...
  
  
• Angelo Scola
• Wilfrid Sellars
  Wilfrid Sellars
  Wilfrid Stalker Sellars was an American philosopher. His father was the Canadian-American philosopher Roy Wood Sellars, a leading American philosophical naturalist in the first half of the twentieth-century...
  
  
• Antonin Sertillanges
  Antonin Sertillanges
  Antonin-Gilbert Sertillanges , O.P., was a French Catholic philosopher and spiritual writer. Born Antonin-Dalmace, he took the name Antonin-Gilbert when he entered the Dominican order. His scholarly work was concerned with the moral theory of Thomas Aquinas. In the English-speaking world, he is...
  
  
• Yves Simon
  Yves Simon
  This article is about the political philosopher. For the singer, see Yves Simon .Yves René Marie Simon was a French Catholic political philosopher, sometimes referred to as the "Philosopher of the Fighting French" for his support of the resistance to the Vichy government.-Life:Simon studied under...
  
  
• Robert Spaemann
  Robert Spaemann
  Robert Spaemann is arguably the foremost Roman Catholic philosopher in Germany today.Spaemann's focus is on Christian ethics. He is known for his work in bioethics, ecology, and human rights...
  
  
• Franz Anton Staudenmaier
  Franz Anton Staudenmaier
  Franz Anton Staudenmaier was a Catholic theologian.Born at Donzdorf, Württemberg, he was a pupil at the Latin school of Gmünd between 1815 and 1818 and at the Gymnasium at Ellwangen from 1818 to 1822...
  
  
• Edith Stein
  Edith Stein
  Saint Teresia Benedicta of the Cross, sometimes also known as Saint Edith Stein , was a German Roman Catholic philosopher and nun, regarded as a martyr and saint of the Roman Catholic Church...
  
  
• Albert Stöckl
  Albert Stöckl
  Albert Stöckl was a German neo-scholastic philosopher and theologian....
  
  
• Francisco Suarez
  Francisco Suárez
  Francisco Suárez was a Spanish Jesuit priest, philosopher and theologian, one of the leading figures of the School of Salamanca movement, and generally regarded among the greatest scholastics after Thomas Aquinas....
  
  
• Matthias Tanner
  Matthias Tanner
  Matthias Tanner was born at Pilsen in Bohemia on February 28, 1630. He entered the Society of Jesus in 1646. The greatest part of his life was spent at Prague, where he taught humanities, philosophy, theology, and scripture, was made rector of the imperial university, and guided for six years the...
  
  
• Luigi Taparelli
  Luigi Taparelli
  Luigi Taparelli D’Azeglio was an Italian Catholic scholar of the Society of Jesus who coined the term social justice. He cofounded the journal Civiltà Cattolica in 1850 and wrote for it for twelve years. He was particularly concerned with the problems arising from the industrial revolution...
  
  
• Charles Taylor
  Charles Taylor (philosopher)
  Charles Margrave Taylor, is a Canadian philosopher from Montreal, Quebec best known for his contributions in political philosophy, the philosophy of social science, and in the history of philosophy. His contributions to these fields have earned him both the prestigious Kyoto Prize and the...
  
  
• František Tomášek
  František Tomášek
  František Tomášek was a cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church in Bohemia, the 34th Archbishop of Prague, and a Roman Catholic theologian...
  
  
• Joseph de Torre
  Joseph de Torre
  Joseph de Torre is a social and political philosopher and a Roman Catholic priest. He is the author of books on social ethics, Catholic social teaching, modern philosophy and spirituality. He is a member of the Carnegie Council for Ethics in International Affairs, and the Acton Institute for the...
  
  
• David Tracy
• Karel Vladimir Truhlar
  Karel Vladimir Truhlar
  Karel Vladimir Truhlar was a Slovenian Jesuit, theologian and poet of Czech origin.He was born as Karel Truhlař to Czech parents in Gorizia, which was then part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire . He grew up in a Slovene-speaking environment. In the 1920s, he moved with his family to the Kingdom of...
  
  
• Aleš Ušeničnik
  Aleš Ušenicnik
  Aleš Ušeničnik was a Slovene Roman Catholic priest, philosopher, sociologist and theologian. He was one of the main philosophers of neo-Thomism in Slovenia and in Yugoslavia....
  
  
• Jean Vanier
  Jean Vanier
  Jean Vanier, CC GOQ is a Canadian Catholic philosopher, humanitarian and the founder of L'Arche, an international organization which creates communities where people with developmental disabilities and those who assist them share life together...
  
  
• Gianni Vattimo
  Gianni Vattimo
  Gianteresio Vattimo, also known as Gianni Vattimo is an internationally recognized Italian author, philosopher, and politician. Many of his works have been translated into English.-Biography:...
  
  
• Louis Veuillot
  Louis Veuillot
  Louis Veuillot was a French journalist and author who helped to popularize ultramontanism ....
  
  
• Giambattista Vico
  Giambattista Vico
  Giovanni Battista ' Vico or Vigo was an Italian political philosopher, rhetorician, historian, and jurist....
  
  
• Francisco de Vitoria
  Francisco de Vitoria
  Francisco de Vitoria, OP was a Spanish Renaissance Roman Catholic philosopher, theologian and jurist, founder of the tradition in philosophy known as the School of Salamanca, noted especially for his contributions to the theory of just war and international law...
  
  
• Michael Wadding
• Bernie Ward
  Bernie Ward
  Bernie Ward is a former American radio personality. Formerly a radio talk show host with KGO 810 AM in San Francisco, California, Ward is now serving a seven-year prison sentence for the online distribution of child pornography...
  
  
• Thomas Weinandy
  Thomas Weinandy
  Father Thomas G. Weinandy is a Catholic priest and a leading scholar in the Roman Catholic Church. He is a prolific writer in both academic and popular works, including articles, books, and study courses....
  
  
• Nicholas Wiseman
• Karol Wojtyła
  Pope John Paul II
  Blessed Pope John Paul II , born Karol Józef Wojtyła , reigned as Pope of the Catholic Church and Sovereign of Vatican City from 16 October 1978 until his death on 2 April 2005, at of age. His was the second-longest documented pontificate, which lasted ; only Pope Pius IX ...
  
   (afterwards Pope
  Pope
  The Pope is the Bishop of Rome, a position that makes him the leader of the worldwide Catholic Church . In the Catholic Church, the Pope is regarded as the successor of Saint Peter, the Apostle...
  
   John Paul II)
• Austin Woodbury
  Austin Woodbury
  Austin M. Woodbury was an Australian Catholic philosopher.-Biography:...
  
  
• Maurice De Wulf
  Maurice De Wulf
  Maurice De Wulf , a thomist philosopher, professor of philosophy at the Catholic University of Leuven, is one of the pioneers of the historiography of medieval philosophy. His book History of Medieval Philosophy appeared first in 1900 and was followed by many other editions and translations, one...
  
  
• Francesco Antonio Zaccaria
  Francesco Antonio Zaccaria
  Francesco Antonio Zaccaria was an Italian theologian, historian, and prolific writer.He joined the Austrian province of the Society of Jesus, in 18 October 1731. Zaccaria taught grammar and rhetoric at Gorz, and was ordained priest at Rome in 1740...
  
  
• Hector Zagal
  Hector Zagal
  Hector Jesús Zagal Arreguín is a Mexican philosopher, essayist and novelist. As a scholar he specializes in Aristotle.-Academic career:Zagal has written books on ecology, ethics, Aristotle, gastronomy and literature. He obtained a PhD from the Universidad de Navarra, with a dissertation on...
  
  
• Tommaso Maria Zigliara
  Tommaso Maria Zigliara
  Tommaso Maria Zigliara was a Roman Catholic cardinal, theologian, and philosopher.-Life:...
  
  
• Patrick Benedict Zimmer
  Patrick Benedict Zimmer
  Patrick Benedict Zimmer was a Catholic philosopher and theologian.-Life:...
  
  
• Edward Hahnenberg

Protestant

Gustaf Aulén Gustaf Aulén Gustaf Emanuel Hildebrand Aulén was the Bishop of Strängnäs in the Church of Sweden, a theologian, and the author of Christus Victor, a work which still exerts considerable influence on contemporary theological thinking on the Atonement.-Life:Aulén was born in 1879 in Ljungby parish, Kalmar... , Lutheran Karl Barth Karl Barth Karl Barth was a Swiss Reformed theologian whom critics hold to be among the most important Christian thinkers of the 20th century; Pope Pius XII described him as the most important theologian since Thomas Aquinas... , Reformed Louis Berkhof Louis Berkhof Louis Berkhof was a Reformed systematic theologian whose written works have been influential in seminaries and Bible colleges in the United States and Canada and with individual Christians in general throughout the 20th century.-Personal life:... , Reformed Theodore Beza Theodore Beza Theodore Beza was a French Protestant Christian theologian and scholar who played an important role in the Reformation... , Reformed Donald G. Bloesch Donald G. Bloesch Donald G. Bloesch was a noted American evangelical theologian. For more than 40 years, he published scholarly yet accessible works that generally defend traditional Protestant beliefs and practices while seeking to remain in the mainstream of modern Protestant theological thought... , Evangelical Protestant Emil Brunner Emil Brunner Heinrich Emil Brunner was a Swiss Protestant theologian. Along with Karl Barth , he is commonly associated with neo-orthodoxy or the dialectical theology movement.... , Reformed John Calvin John Calvin John Calvin was an influential French theologian and pastor during the Protestant Reformation. He was a principal figure in the development of the system of Christian theology later called Calvinism. Originally trained as a humanist lawyer, he broke from the Roman Catholic Church around 1530... , Calvinism (Reformed) Lewis Sperry Chafer Lewis Sperry Chafer Lewis Sperry Chafer was an American theologian. He founded and served as the first president of Dallas Theological Seminary, and was an influential founding member of modern Christian Dispensationalism.-Early life:... , Presbyterian (Dispensational) Martin Chemnitz Martin Chemnitz Martin Chemnitz was an eminent second-generation Lutheran theologian, reformer, churchman, and confessor... , Lutheran Sarah Coakley Sarah Coakley Sarah Coakley is an Anglican systematic theologian and philosopher of religion with wide interdisciplinary interests.-Life and work:... , Anglican James Hal Cone James Hal Cone James Hal Cone is an advocate of Black liberation theology, a theology grounded in the experience of African Americans, and related to other Christian liberation theologies. In 1969, his book Black Theology and Black Power provided a new way to articulate the distinctiveness of theology in the... , Methodist Jack Cottrell Jack Cottrell Jack Cottrell is a Christian theologian and author associated with the Christian churches and churches of Christ, which is part of the Restoration Movement. He has been a professor of theology at Cincinnati Christian University since 1967... , Independent Christian Churches/Churches of Christ Kathryn Tanner Kathryn Tanner Kathryn Tanner is Professor of Systematic Theology at Yale Divinity School, as of July 2010.Kathryn Tanner began her career at Yale University. She later moved to the University of Chicago where she served as the Dorothy Grant Maclear Professor of Theology. Tanner does constructive Christian... , Reformed Millard Erickson Millard Erickson Millard J. Erickson is a Christian theologian, professor of theology, and author. He has written the widely acclaimed systematics work Christian Theology as well as over 20 other books.... , Calvinist, Baptist Paul S. Fiddes, Baptist Charles Finney, Licensed Presbyterian (no theological training), Congregationalist John Frame John Frame John M. Frame is an American philosopher and Calvinist theologian especially noted for his work in epistemology and presuppositional apologetics, systematic theology, and ethics... , Presbyterian Hans Wilhelm Frei Hans Wilhelm Frei Hans Wilhelm Frei is best known for work on biblical hermeneutics, especially on the interpretation of narrative... , Lutheran, later Anglican Norman Geisler Norman Geisler Norman L. Geisler is a Christian apologist and the co-founder of Southern Evangelical Seminary outside Charlotte, North Carolina, where he formerly taught. He holds a Ph.D. in philosophy from Jesuit Loyola University... John Gill John Gill (theologian) John Gill was an English Baptist pastor, biblical scholar, and theologian who held to a firm Calvinistic soteriology. Born in Kettering, Northamptonshire, he attended Kettering Grammar School where he mastered the Latin classics and learned Greek by age 11... , Particular Baptist Colin Gunton Colin Gunton Colin Ewart Gunton was a British systematic theologian. As a theologian he made contributions to the doctrine of Creation and the doctrine of the trinity. He was Professor of Christian Doctrine at King's College London from 1984 and co-founder with Christoph Schwoebel of the Research Institute for... , Reformed Charles Hodge Charles Hodge Charles Hodge was the principal of Princeton Theological Seminary between 1851 and 1878. A Presbyterian theologian, he was a leading exponent of historical Calvinism in America during the 19th century. He was deeply rooted in the Scottish philosophy of Common Sense Realism... , Presbyterian Richard Gaffin Richard Gaffin Richard B. Gaffin, Jr. is a Calvinist theologian, Presbyterian minister, and Charles Krahe Professor of Biblical and Systematic Theology at Westminster Theological Seminary in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.-Biography:... , Reformed, Presbyterian Johann Gerhard Johann Gerhard Johann Gerhard was a Lutheran church leader and Lutheran Scholastic theologian during the period of Orthodoxy.-Biography:He was born in the German city of Quedlinburg... , Lutheran Wayne Grudem Wayne Grudem Wayne A. Grudem is a Protestant theologian and author. He was born in 1948 in Chippewa Falls, Wisconsin and married Margaret White on June 6, 1969 in Eau Claire, Wisconsin... , Baptist (Calvinist, Charismatic) Adolf von Harnack Adolf von Harnack Adolf von Harnack , was a German theologian and prominent church historian.He produced many religious publications from 1873-1912.... , Evangelische Kirche

Oswald Bayer Oswald Bayer Oswald Bayer is a German Lutheran theologian, and is Professor Emeritus of Systematic Theology at the Evangelical Theological Faculty of the Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Germany... , Lutheran Stanley M. Horton Stanley M. Horton Stanley M. Horton, Th.D., is a theologian within the Pentecostal movement and the author of numerous books. He is Distinguished Professor Emeritus of Bible and Theology at the Assemblies of God Theological Seminary, Springfield, Missouri.... , Pentecostal Robert Jenson Robert Jenson Robert W. Jenson is a leading American Lutheran and ecumenical theologian.-Student years:Jenson studied classics and philosophy at Luther College in the late 1940s, before beginning theological studies at Luther Seminary in 1951. Due to a car accident he missed most of his first-year seminary... , Lutheran John MacQuarrie John Macquarrie John Macquarrie FBA TD was a Scottish theologian and philosopher, the author of Principles of Christian Theology and Jesus Christ in Modern Thought... , Anglican (originally Presbyterian, Church of Scotland) John Murray John Murray (theologian) John Murray was a Scottish-born Calvinist theologian who taught at Princeton Seminary and then left to help found Westminster Theological Seminary, where he taught for many years.-Life:... , Presbyterian Jürgen Moltmann Jürgen Moltmann Jürgen Moltmann is a German Reformed theologian. The 2000 recipient of the Louisville Grawemeyer Award in Religion.-Moltmann's Youth:... , Evangelische Kirche H. Richard Niebuhr H. Richard Niebuhr Helmut Richard Niebuhr was one of the most important Christian theological-ethicists in 20th century America, most known for his 1951 book Christ and Culture and his posthumously published book The Responsible Self. The younger brother of theologian Reinhold Niebuhr, Richard Niebuhr taught for... , United Church of Christ Martin Luther King Jr., Southern Baptist and American Civil Rights Activist Reinhold Niebuhr Reinhold Niebuhr Karl Paul Reinhold Niebuhr was an American theologian and commentator on public affairs. Starting as a leftist minister in the 1920s indebted to theological liberalism, he shifted to the new Neo-Orthodox theology in the 1930s, explaining how the sin of pride created evil in the world... Thomas Oden, Wesleyan Arminian Oliver O'Donovan Oliver O'Donovan Oliver O'Donovan FBA FRSE is a scholar in the field of Christian ethics. He has made contributions to political theology, both contemporary and historical.-Life:... , Anglican Wolfhart Pannenberg Wolfhart Pannenberg Wolfhart Pannenberg is a German Christian theologian. His emphasis on history as revelation, centred on the Resurrection of Christ, has proved important in stimulating debate in both Protestant and Catholic theology, as well as with non-Christian thinkers.-Life and views:Pannenberg was baptized as... , Lutheran Iain Paul Iain Paul Iain Paul is a theologian and reverend. He retired from the Church of Scotland in 1991.-Books:*Science and religion: one world-changing perspectives on reality, edited by Jan Fennema and Iain Paul, Publisher: Dordrecht ; Kluwer Academic Publishers, c1990, ISBN 0-7923-0731-3*Knowledge of God,... , Reformed, Church of Scotland Albrecht Ritschl Albrecht Ritschl Albrecht Ritschl was a German theologian.Starting in 1852, Ritschl lectured on "Systematic Theology". According to this system, faith was understood to be irreducible to other experiences, beyond the scope of reason. Faith, he said, came not from facts but from value judgments... , Evangelische Kirche Friedrich Schleiermacher, Evangelische Kirche R. C. Sproul R. C. Sproul Robert Charles Sproul, is a prominent American Calvinist theologian, author, and pastor of the Reformed tradition... ,Presbyterian Augustus H. Strong, Baptist Paul Tillich Paul Tillich Paul Johannes Tillich was a German-American theologian and Christian existentialist philosopher. Tillich was one of the most influential Protestant theologians of the 20th century... , Lutheran Thomas F. Torrance, Presbyterian, Church of Scotland John Wesley John Wesley John Wesley was a Church of England cleric and Christian theologian. Wesley is largely credited, along with his brother Charles Wesley, as founding the Methodist movement which began when he took to open-air preaching in a similar manner to George Whitefield... , Wesleyan Arminian (founder) Kevin Vanhoozer Kevin Vanhoozer Kevin J. Vanhoozer is Blanchard Professor of Theology at Wheaton College. He will resume his old position, Research Professor of Systematic Theology at Trinity Evangelical Divinity School in Deerfield, Illinois, in Fall, 2012. He is the author of several books on theology, hermeneutics, and...  Reformed Rowan Williams Rowan Williams Rowan Douglas Williams FRSL, FBA, FLSW is an Anglican bishop, poet and theologian. He is the 104th and current Archbishop of Canterbury, Metropolitan of the Province of Canterbury and Primate of All England, offices he has held since early 2003.Williams was previously Bishop of Monmouth and... , Anglican J. Rodman Williams J. Rodman Williams Dr. J. Rodman Williams , regarded as the father of modern Renewal Theology, was a charismatic theologian and Professor of Renewal Theology at Regent University in Virginia Beach, Virginia.... , Charismatic

Orthodox

• St. Symeon the New Theologian
• St. Gregory Palamas
  Gregory Palamas
  Gregory Palamas was a monk of Mount Athos in Greece and later the Archbishop of Thessaloniki known as a preeminent theologian of Hesychasm. The teachings embodied in his writings defending Hesychasm against the attack of Barlaam are sometimes referred to as Palamism, his followers as Palamites...
  
  
• Sergei Bulgakov
  Sergei Bulgakov
  Fr. Sergei Nikolaevich Bulgakov was a Russian Orthodox Christian theologian, philosopher and economist. Until 1922 he worked in Russia; afterwards in Paris.-Early life:...
  
  
• John Meyendorff
  John Meyendorff
  John Meyendorff was a modern Orthodox scholar, writer and teacher. He was born into the Russian nobility as Ivan Feofilovich Baron von Meyendorff , but was known as Jean Meyendorff during his life in France.Fr John Meyendorff retired as Dean of St Vladimir's Seminary on June 30, 1992...
  
  
• Georges Florovsky
  Georges Florovsky
  Georges Vasilievich Florovsky was an Eastern Orthodox priest, theologian, historian and ecumenist. He was born in the Russian Empire, but spent his working life in Paris and New York...
  
  
• Dumitru Stăniloae
  Dumitru Staniloae
  Dumitru Stăniloae was a Romanian Eastern Orthodox priest, theologian, academic, and professor. Father Stăniloae worked for over 45 years on a comprehensive Romanian translation of the Philokalia, a collection of writings by the Church Fathers, together with the hieromonk, Arsenie Boca, who brought...
  
  
• Alexander Schmemann
  Alexander Schmemann
  Alexander Schmemann was a prominent 20th century Orthodox Christian priest, teacher, and writer.-Early life:...
  
  
• John Zizioulas
  John Zizioulas
  John Zizioulas is the Eastern Orthodox metropolitan of Pergamon. He is the Chairman of the Academy of Athens and a noted theologian.-Academic Education and Career:...
  
  
• Vladimir Lossky
  Vladimir Lossky
  Vladimir Nikolayevich Lossky was an influential Eastern Orthodox theologian in exile from Russia. He emphasized theosis as the main principle of Orthodox Christianity....
  
  

Other

• Emanuel Swedenborg
  Emanuel Swedenborg
  was a Swedish scientist, philosopher, and theologian. He has been termed a Christian mystic by some sources, including the Encyclopædia Britannica online version, and the Encyclopedia of Religion , which starts its article with the description that he was a "Swedish scientist and mystic." Others...
  
  , New Church
• J. Rodman Williams
  J. Rodman Williams
  Dr. J. Rodman Williams , regarded as the father of modern Renewal Theology, was a charismatic theologian and Professor of Renewal Theology at Regent University in Virginia Beach, Virginia....
  
  , Renewal Theology http://www.renewaltheology.net (charismatic)
• M. L. Andreasen
  M. L. Andreasen
  M.[ilian] L.[auritz] Andreasen , was a Seventh-day Adventist theologian, pastor and author.He was one of the church's most prominent and influential theologians during the 1930s and 1940s. Andreasen promoted the teaching known popularly as Last Generation Theology, controversial for its views on...
  
  , Last Generation Theology
  Last Generation Theology
  Last Generation Theology or "final generation" theology is a belief system of overcoming sin held by some conservative members of the Seventh-day Adventist Church, which claims that perfection will be achieved by some people in the last generation before the Second Coming of Jesus much like the...
  
   http://www.lastgenerationtheology.org (Seventh-Day Adventist)

Resources

• St. Augustine of Hippo (354-430). De Civitate Dei
• Barth, Karl
  Karl Barth
  Karl Barth was a Swiss Reformed theologian whom critics hold to be among the most important Christian thinkers of the 20th century; Pope Pius XII described him as the most important theologian since Thomas Aquinas...
  
   (1956–1975). Church Dogmatics. (thirteen volumes) Edinburgh: T&T Clark. (ISBN 78-0567058096)
• Berkhof, Hendrikus
  Hendrikus Berkhof
  Hendrikus Berkhof was a professor of Systematic Theology at the University of Leiden.-Works:...
  
   (1979). Christian Faith: An Introduction to the Study of the Faith. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans. (ISBN 978-0-8028-0548-5)
• Berkhof, Louis
  Louis Berkhof
  Louis Berkhof was a Reformed systematic theologian whose written works have been influential in seminaries and Bible colleges in the United States and Canada and with individual Christians in general throughout the 20th century.-Personal life:...
  
   (1996). Systematic Theology. Grand Rapids: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Co.
• Calvin, John
  John Calvin
  John Calvin was an influential French theologian and pastor during the Protestant Reformation. He was a principal figure in the development of the system of Christian theology later called Calvinism. Originally trained as a humanist lawyer, he broke from the Roman Catholic Church around 1530...
  
   (1559). Institutes of the Christian Religion
  Institutes of the Christian Religion
  The Institutes of the Christian Religion is John Calvin's seminal work on Protestant systematic theology...
  
  .
• Chafer, Lewis Sperry
  Lewis Sperry Chafer
  Lewis Sperry Chafer was an American theologian. He founded and served as the first president of Dallas Theological Seminary, and was an influential founding member of modern Christian Dispensationalism.-Early life:...
  
   (1948). Systematic Theology. Grand Rapids: Kregel
• Chemnitz, Martin
  Martin Chemnitz
  Martin Chemnitz was an eminent second-generation Lutheran theologian, reformer, churchman, and confessor...
  
   (1591). Loci Theologici. St. Louis: Concordia Publishing House, 1989.
• Erickson, Millard
  Millard Erickson
  Millard J. Erickson is a Christian theologian, professor of theology, and author. He has written the widely acclaimed systematics work Christian Theology as well as over 20 other books....
  
   (1998). Christian Theology (2nd ed.). Grand Rapids: Baker, 1998.
• Fruchtenbaum, Arnold (1989). Israelology: The Missing Link in Systematic Theology. Tustin, CA: Ariel Ministries
• Fruchtenbaum, Arnold (1998). Messianic Christology. Tustin, CA: Ariel Ministries
• Geisler, Norman L.
  Norman Geisler
  Norman L. Geisler is a Christian apologist and the co-founder of Southern Evangelical Seminary outside Charlotte, North Carolina, where he formerly taught. He holds a Ph.D. in philosophy from Jesuit Loyola University...
  
   (2002–2004). Systematic Theology (four volumes). Minneapolis: Bethany House.
• Bloesch, Donald G.
  Donald G. Bloesch
  Donald G. Bloesch was a noted American evangelical theologian. For more than 40 years, he published scholarly yet accessible works that generally defend traditional Protestant beliefs and practices while seeking to remain in the mainstream of modern Protestant theological thought...
  
   (2002–2004). Christian Foundations (seven volumes). Inter-varsity Press. (ISBN 978-0-8308-2753-4, ISBN 978-0-8308-2754-1, ISBN 978-0-8308-2755-8, ISBN 978-0-8308-2757-2, ISBN 978-0-8308-2752-7, ISBN 978-0-8308-2756-5, ISBN 978-0-8308-2751-0)
• Frame, John.
  John Frame
  John M. Frame is an American philosopher and Calvinist theologian especially noted for his work in epistemology and presuppositional apologetics, systematic theology, and ethics...
  
   Theology of Lordship (ISBN 978-0-87552-263-0)
• Grenz, Stanley J.
  Stanley Grenz
  Stanley James Grenz was an American Christian theologian and ethicist in the Baptist tradition.-Early years:...
  
   (1994). Theology for the Community of God. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans. (ISBN 978-0-8028-4755-3)
• Grider, J. Kenneth
  J. Kenneth Grider
  J. Kenneth Grider is a Nazarene Christian theologian and former seminary professor primarily associated with the followers of John Wesley who are part of the Holiness movement. A member of the Church of the Nazarene, he graduated from the Nazarene Theological Seminary in 1947 and received his PhD...
  
   (1994). A Wesleyan-Holiness Theology (ISBN 0-8341-1512-3)
• Grudem, Wayne
  Wayne Grudem
  Wayne A. Grudem is a Protestant theologian and author. He was born in 1948 in Chippewa Falls, Wisconsin and married Margaret White on June 6, 1969 in Eau Claire, Wisconsin...
  
   (1995). Systematic Theology. Zondervan. (ISBN 978-0-310-28670-7)
• Hodge, Charles
  Charles Hodge
  Charles Hodge was the principal of Princeton Theological Seminary between 1851 and 1878. A Presbyterian theologian, he was a leading exponent of historical Calvinism in America during the 19th century. He was deeply rooted in the Scottish philosophy of Common Sense Realism...
  
   (1960). Systematic Theology. Grand Rapids: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Co.
• Jenson, Robert W.
  Robert Jenson
  Robert W. Jenson is a leading American Lutheran and ecumenical theologian.-Student years:Jenson studied classics and philosophy at Luther College in the late 1940s, before beginning theological studies at Luther Seminary in 1951. Due to a car accident he missed most of his first-year seminary...
  
   (1997–1999). Systematic Theology. Oxford: Oxford University Press. (ISBN 978-0-19-508648-5)
• Melanchthon, Philipp
  Philipp Melanchthon
  Philipp Melanchthon , born Philipp Schwartzerdt, was a German reformer, collaborator with Martin Luther, the first systematic theologian of the Protestant Reformation, intellectual leader of the Lutheran Reformation, and an influential designer of educational systems...
  
   (1543). Loci Communes. St. Louis: Concordia Publishing House, 1992. (ISBN 978-1-55635-445-8)
• Miley, John
  John Miley
  John Miley was an American Christian theologian in the Methodist tradition who was one of the major Methodist theological voices of the 19th century....
  
  . Systematic Theology. 1892. (ISBN 978-0-943575-09-4)
• Newlands, George
  George Newlands
  George McLeod Newlands is Emeritus Professor of Divinity at the University of Glasgow.- Background :George Newlands is a Scottish liberal Christian theologian...
  
   (1994). God in Christian Perspective. Edinburgh: T&T Clark.
• Oden, Thomas C. (1987–1992). Systematic Theology (3 volumes). Peabody, MA: Prince Press.
• Pannenberg, Wolfhart
  Wolfhart Pannenberg
  Wolfhart Pannenberg is a German Christian theologian. His emphasis on history as revelation, centred on the Resurrection of Christ, has proved important in stimulating debate in both Protestant and Catholic theology, as well as with non-Christian thinkers.-Life and views:Pannenberg was baptized as...
  
   (1988–1993). Systematic Theology. Grand Rapids: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Co.
• Pieper, Francis (1917–1924). Christian Dogmatics. St. Louis: Concordia Publishing House.
• Reymond, Robert L.
  Robert L. Reymond
  Robert L. Reymond is a Christian theologian of the Protestant Reformed tradition. He is best known for his New Systematic Theology of the Christian Faith . Reymond holds B.A., M.A., and Ph.D. degrees from Bob Jones University and has taught at Covenant Theological Seminary in St. Louis, Missouri...
  
   (1998). A New Systematic Theology of the Christian Faith (2nd ed.). Word Publishing.
• Schleiermacher, Friedrich (1928). The Christian Faith. Edinburgh: T&T Clark.
• Thielicke, Helmut
  Helmut Thielicke
  Helmut Thielicke was a German Protestant theologian and rector of the University of Hamburg from 1960 to 1978....
  
   (1974–1982). The Evangelical Faith. Edinburgh: T&T Clark.
• Thiessen, Henry C. (1949). Systematic Theology. Grand Rapids: William B. Erdsmans Publishing Co.
• Tillich, Paul
  Paul Tillich
  Paul Johannes Tillich was a German-American theologian and Christian existentialist philosopher. Tillich was one of the most influential Protestant theologians of the 20th century...
  
  . Systematic Theology. (3 volumes).
• Turretin, Francis
  Francis Turretin
  Francis Turretin was a Swiss-Italian Protestant theologian.Turretin is especially known as a zealous opponent of the theology of the Academy of Saumur , as an earnest defender of the Calvinistic orthodoxy represented by the Synod of Dort, and as one of the authors of the Helvetic...
  
   (3 parts, 1679–1685). Institutes of Elenctic Theology.
• Van Til, Cornelius
  Cornelius Van Til
  Cornelius Van Til , born in Grootegast, the Netherlands, was a Christian philosopher, Reformed theologian, and presuppositional apologist.-Biography:...
  
   (1974). An Introduction to Systematic Theology. P & R Press.
• Watson, Richard. Theological Institutes. 1823.
• Weber, Otto
  Otto Weber
  Otto-Ernest Weber was a Romanian politician who served in the Chamber of Deputies from 1990 to 2000....
  
  . (1981–1983) Foundations of Dogmatics. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans.

See also

• Biblical exegesis
• Biblical theology
  Biblical Theology
  Biblical theology is a discipline within Christian theology which studies the Bible from the perspective of understanding the progressive history of God revealing Himself to humanity following the Fall and throughout the Old Testament and New Testament...
  
  
• Christian apologetics
  Christian apologetics
  Christian apologetics is a field of Christian theology that aims to present a rational basis for the Christian faith, defend the faith against objections, and expose the perceived flaws of other world views...
  
  
• Christian theology
  Christian theology
  - Divisions of Christian theology :There are many methods of categorizing different approaches to Christian theology. For a historical analysis, see the main article on the History of Christian theology.- Sub-disciplines :...
  
  
• Conservative Christianity
  Conservative Christianity
  Conservative Christianity is a term applied to a number of groups or movements seen as giving priority to traditional Christian beliefs and practices...
  
  
• Constructive theology
  Constructive Theology
  Constructive theology is the re-definition of what has historically been known as systematic theology. The reason for this reevaluation stems from the idea that, in systematic theology, the theologian attempts to develop a coherent theory running through the various doctrines within the tradition...
  
  
• Feminist theology
  Feminist theology
  Feminist theology is a movement found in several religions, including Buddhism, Christianity, Judaism, and New Thought, to reconsider the traditions, practices, scriptures, and theologies of those religions from a feminist perspective...
  
  
• Hermeneutics
• Liberal Christianity
  Liberal Christianity
  Liberal Christianity, sometimes called liberal theology, is an umbrella term covering diverse, philosophically and biblically informed religious movements and ideas within Christianity from the late 18th century and onward...
  
  
• Liberation theology
  Liberation theology
  Liberation theology is a Christian movement in political theology which interprets the teachings of Jesus Christ in terms of a liberation from unjust economic, political, or social conditions...
  
  
• Philosophical theology
  Philosophical Theology
  Philosophical theology is the disciplined employment of philosophical methods in developing or analyzing theological concepts. It therefore includes natural theology as well as philosophical treatments of orthodox and heterodox theology....
  
  
• Philosophy of religion
  Philosophy of religion
  Philosophy of religion is a branch of philosophy concerned with questions regarding religion, including the nature and existence of God, the examination of religious experience, analysis of religious language and texts, and the relationship of religion and science...
  
  
• Political theology
  Political theology
  Political theology or public theology is a branch of both political philosophy and practical theology that investigates the ways in which theological concepts or ways of thinking underlie political, social, economic and cultural discourses....
  
  
• Process theology
  Process theology
  Process theology is a school of thought influenced by the metaphysical process philosophy of Alfred North Whitehead and further developed by Charles Hartshorne . While there are process theologies that are similar, but unrelated to the work of Whitehead the term is generally applied to the...
  
  
• Queer theology

External links

• http://www.evanglibrary.info/members/theo/erickson/ct/main.htm Millard J Erickson - Christian Theology
• International Journal of Systematic Theology (academic, ecumenical)
• Christian Theology Reading Room, Tyndale Seminary
• The Theology Program(Studies in Protestant Evangelical Systematic Theology featuring audio and video aids)
• Scottish Journal of Theology (academic, ecumenical)
• Resources for Christian Theology (British, Protestant)
• Faith and Theology (systematic theology weblog)
• Library of Systematic Theology (conservative Calvinist)