St. Anthony Hall
Encyclopedia
St. Anthony Hall, also known as Saint Anthony Hall and The Order of St. Anthony, is a national college
literary society also known as the Fraternity of Delta Psi (ΔΨ) at colleges in the United States of America. St. Anthony Hall's activities foster the social and intellectual development of its undergraduate members by encouraging individual expression, promoting the exchange of ideas by providing a forum for discussion and presentations. At several of its chapters, St. Anthony Hall hosts public lecture series. The first, or 'Alpha' Chapter was founded at Columbia University
on January 17, 1847, which is the feast day
of St. Anthony
.
In 1879, Baird's Manual characterized the organization as having "the reputation of being the most secret of all the college societies." References appear in several F. Scott Fitzgerald
short stories, and the Order has a distinguished architectural inheritance. The organization is often referred to as St. A's or the Hall. It has no official religious affiliation.
In 1847, after the organization's 'Alpha' Chapter was founded on January 17 at Columbia University
, a 'Beta' Chapter at New York University
was also founded, but by 1853 had been 'united' with the Alpha. By 1879, Columbia College's Record listed the NYU founders alongside its own Columbia students.
The current undergraduate chapters of St. Anthony Hall, according to its website, are the following:
At some universities, the Order of St. Anthony maintains a chapter house colloquially referred to as "The Hall" or "St. A's", although at MIT, the society is known as "The Number Six Club" in reference to that chapter's original founding and residence at No. 6 Louisburg Square in Boston's Beacon Hill neighborhood. According to its national website, St. Anthony Hall originally began as a "fraternity dedicated to the love of education and the well-being of its members." Chapters were founded throughout the Northeast, and extended into the South during the mid-19th century. During the Civil War
, formal contact ended between Northern and Southern chapters, though contact was restored between remaining and refounded chapters after the War.
The Order's history states that "many members wore their badges into battle, serving with distinction on both sides, and were often reunited in both pleasant and antagonistic situations throughout the war".
Because their patron, Anthony of Egypt
is often depicted with his Tau Cross
, the symbol has been used to embellish the architecture of some St. A's chapter houses. St. Anthony also became a swineherd, hence Hall members sentimentally regard the pig, one of the Saint's 'attributes'
, as an informal mascot
. However the fraternity has never had any religious affiliation; the inspiration provided by this ascetic saint (and his pig) is solely thematic.
As a hermit and founder of monasticism, Anthony is identified with the "book of nature" and not writing. St. Anthony was the focus of a Roman Catholic Hospital Order which flourished from the 13th to 18th centuries and was responsible for treating the effects of ergot poisoning or St. Anthony's Fire. Today's Alpha chapter is decorated with prints of "The Temptation of St. Anthony" as well as the mythic symbol the "Owl of Minerva".
Yale became co-educational in 1969 and, in 1971, St. A's became the earliest Yale society to accept women as members. The Yale chapter's action also accomplished, albeit not without friction, co-education as a permitted status within the national fraternity. A member of St. A's at the University of North Carolina
became the first person of color to pledge any fraternity at that campus, in 1967.
The Trinity College chapter endows a St. Anthony Professorship in Art History, several annual prizes for Trinity students, and an annual public lecture, named for Martin W. Clement (Class of 1901). Yale's chapter sponsors a public series of lectures every two to three weeks on literature, poetry, art and current affairs in general. (It is compared to but more generalized than the annual Maynard Mack Lecture of Yale's Elizabethan Club
, down the block, whose sessions with actors and directors focus on Shakespeare's era.) The Yale St. Anthony Hall lectures, some co-sponsored with the Yale Review
recently have included Gay Talese
, D. A. Powell
, Tom Perotta, Ilya Kaminsky
, Tao Lin
, Dave Eggers
, Roddy Lumsden
, Elizabeth Bear
, Vona Groarke
, Conor O'Callaghan
, John Guare
, Claire Messud
, Elizabeth Alexander
, William Deresiewicz
, Richard Wilbur
, Henri Cole
, Chris Adrian
, Heidi Julavits
, Joseph Harrison
, Mark Strand
, Wayne Koestenbaum
, Dana Levin, Irving Feldman
, John Butler
, Maurice Manning
, Peter Orszag
, Michael Donaghy
, Paul Muldoon
, Martin Puryear
, Robert Young Pelton
, Rosa DeLauro
, Donald Kagan
, Bhagavan Das, Robert Stone, Peter Matthiessen
, Agha Shahid Ali
, Richard Selzer
, Naomi Wolf
, Carl Andre
, Richard Haas
, Robert P. De Vecchi
, Thomas Fingar
, Larry Kramer
, Frank Deford
, Paul Kennedy
, Louise Glück
, Henri Cole
, Andrew Solomon
and Christo. http://www.yale.edu/opa/v35.n25/story10.html http://opa.yale.edu/news/article.aspx?id=6023 The University of Pennsylvania Delta Chapter also hosts an annual lecture series that has recently included guests such as Robert F. Kennedy, Jr.
http://media.www.dailypennsylvanian.com/media/storage/paper882/news/2004/04/07/News/Robert.F.Kennedy.Jr.Cheers.Conservation.Efforts-2151605.shtml, Joseph Rishel, Brian Tierney
http://media.www.dailypennsylvanian.com/media/storage/paper882/news/2008/02/13/News/View-From.Inside.The.World.Of.Journalism-3206025.shtml, a Delta Chapter member and the current publisher of The Philadelphia Inquirer
, and journalist Tucker Carlson. Tom Wolfe
also made an impromptu appearance while conducting research for his book "I am Charlotte Simmons
."
, Art Deco
, and Beaux Arts chapter houses some of its socially prominent members commissioned from well-known 19th century and early 20th century architects. One of the buildings, at Yale, (its third on that campus), when donated by Frederick William Vanderbilt
in 1913, was described by the New York Times as "the most expensive and elaborate secret society building in the United States". In accordance with the respective traditions of each chapter, St. A's is now self-described and referred to on different campuses as a fraternity (or co-ed fraternity), a literary society, a secret society, or a private club.
, and attributable to the master architect's hand—or at least supervision—or specifically, William Hamilton Russell (1856–1907), an architect in the firm (and great-nephew of Renwick) and then-recent graduate of St. Anthony Hall. Old photographs show a high stoop arrangement with the figure of an owl on the peaked roof and a plaque with the Greek letters Delta Psi over the windowless chapter room. In 1879 The New York Tribune called it French Renaissance
, but the stumpy pilasters and blocky detailing suggest the Neo-Grec
style then near the end of its popularity. At the turn of the 20th century, when the building became a club for graduate members of the fraternity and a new undergraduate house was built at 115th Street, a newspaper account described the 28th Street house as "a perfect Bijou of tasteful decoration". Upon graduation in 1887, Russell became a protege of his great uncle, James Renwick, Jr.
, the same year Renwick completed his best-known work, St. Patrick's Cathedral (NYC)
. It is likely that Russell contributed work to his fraternity's first chapter house during his apprenticeship. Another article in the New York Times (1987) asserts that Russell was actually responsible (while in Renwick's firm) for the building. Another of Renwick's proteges, Bertram Grosvenor Goodhue, was architect of the Wolf's Head
tomb at Yale. Russell later was Partner in his own firm Clinton & Russell, founded in 1894.
• Henry Hornbostel
, William Palmer (a St. A's member), and Eric Fisher Wood, firm of Wood, Palmer and Hornbostel. (Columbia University Chapter since 1899, late 19th/20th century revivals. In 1996 building #96000484 was added to the National Register of Historic Places as "Delta Psi, Alpha Chapter").
• Wilson Eyre
, Jr. (University of Pennsylvania Chapter 1889–1908, Italianate Palazzo.) Cited as first fraternity house built on campus and pictured in the University of Pennsylvania
Archives. Near the old Penn campus across the Schuylkill from the current site. Eyre also designed the University of Pennsylvania Museum.
•Cope & Stewardson
. (University of Pennsylvania Chapter after 1908, Late Gothic Revival
, Late 19th And 20th century Revivals, added in 2005 to National Register of Historic Places
building – #05000064 as "St. Anthony Hall House".) Cope & Stewardson served as the architects for numerous other University of Pennsylvania buildings, including the Quadrangle.
Described and pictured in George E. Nitzsche's 1918 book,University of Pennsylvania: Its History, Traditions, Buildings and Memorials: Also a Brief Guide to Philadelphia (International Printing Company, 1918)
• J.P. Fuller (Former chapter house of M.I.T. Chapter prior to 20th century, designed 1826; built 1834–37, Greek Revival, within historic Louisburg Square
.) Cited and pictured on the Boston College website.
• J. Cleaveland Cady
. (Trinity College Chapter, 1878) Commissioned by member Robert Habersham Coleman
, the iron baron, rusticated Richardsonian Romanesque
. Cady was also a Trinity Chapter St. Anthony Hall member. He erected several buildings at Yale (see Non-hall below). At a cost of $40,000, it was considered at the time to be one of the most expensive fraternity chapter houses in America. Added in 1985 to the National Register of Historic Places
, building #85001017 as "Saint Anthony Hall", the Epsilon Chapter house is the oldest of the Saint Anthony Hall fraternity buildings. The building has recently undergone extensive interior restorations. An exterior addition, in harmony with the original construction, has been added to comply with local building code requirements. J. C. Cady was also the architect of several prominent buildings in New York City, most notably the old Metropolitan Opera House
and the south section of the American Museum of Natural History
.
• Heins & LaFarge
. Architects George Lewis Heins and Christopher Grant LaFarge (the son of the stained glass artist John LaFarge
). (Yale Chapter building from 1894–1913, no longer extant, but its ornamental iron gates re-used in the 1913 building, Richardsonian Romanesque
.) Described in and and pictured in the Yale Alumni Magazine.
• Charles C. Haight
(Yale Chapter, circa 1913, a commission of member Frederick William Vanderbilt
to match the flanking donated dormitories (dated 1903–06) now part of Silliman College
, neo-Gothic.) Described in and pictured in the Yale University website.
• Harleston Parker Medal
namesake J. Harleston Parker, founder with Douglas H. Thomas, Jr. and Arthur W. Rice, of firm Parker, Thomas & Rice. The Architecture of Jefferson Country: Charlottesville and Albemarle County, Virginia"] By K. Edward Lay, UVA Press, ISBN 0-8139-1885-5, p. 287" (University of Virginia, 1902, Colonial Revival or "Jeffersonian". First fraternity house built on campus.) It is pictured on the University of Virginia website.
• Stanford White
, firm of McKim, Mead, and White
. (Former Williams College chapter), currently houses Center for Development Economics, 1886, "Old English-style".)
• S.E. Gage (16 East 64th Street, New York, originally erected 1878–79 and redesigned by Gage between 1902–1904 in the Neo-Federal style for St. Anthony Hall.) Until around 1990, it was the St. Anthony Club, a city club for St. A's members. Interior details described include limestone columns, a detailed, wrought-iron front door and gate, a limestone and marble entry foyer, and a bronze and wrought-iron main staircase. In addition, the townhouse boasted ornate moldings, high ceilings, skylights, oak Versailles parquet floors and six wood-burning fireplaces. It is also included in a walking tour of 64th Street The five-story, 20 feet (6.1 m) brownstone
is on a historically distinguished residential street. In the early 1970s, the Barnard College
Club leased space in the St. Anthony Club.
•Stone, Carpenter, and Willson
, (Kappa Chapter, Brown University Chapter, 154 Hope Street, Providence, Rhode Island
, erected in 1895, Colonial Revival). Originally a private residence, then until 1969 owned by Bryant University
as its administration building formerly named 'Taft House' for its first owners Robert W. and Alice Taft. Unfortunately, an extensive formal garden to its west was replaced with parking. Renamed King House in 1974 in honor of Lida Shaw King
, former dean of Pembroke College
. Historic American Buildings Survey data.
. An Epsilon Chapter (Trinity College) member, Cady
in 1873 built the Yale Sheffield Scientific School's
first new building, North Sheffield Hall, on what had been the gardens of the Town-Sheffield mansion. This was followed by his Winchester Hall (1892) and Sheffield Chemical (1894–95). Of these, only the latter, Sheffield Chemical, is still standing, renovated and renamed Arthur K. Watson Hall
.
• Marcel Breuer
. Subsequent to the merger of the 'Sheff'
with Yale College, but within its original precincts, Yale St. A's Chapter member and benefactor Henry P. Becton (BS 1937), son of Becton Dickinson
co-founder Maxwell Becton, donated the Becton Center (designed by Marcel Breuer
), opened in 1970, replacing Winchester Hall and North Sheffield, mentioned above. Breuer cenceived the building "...as a wall that folded horizontally and vertically, with pipes and ducts located in the folds..." Located at 15 Prospect Street, the building's most distinctive feature is an arcade of monumental Tau Cross-shaped
concrete columns "designed to invite pedestrians." It appears as a visual reference to the benefactor's society, whose emblem is the Tau Cross; the buildings are within each others' view along the axis formed by Prospect and College Streets. Described and pictured in the Yale University website.
• A late 19th/early 20th century chapter house of the University of Mississippi's St. Anthony Hall Phi Chapter subsequently was an on-campus childhood home of later Nobel Laureate author William Faulkner
, although Rowan Oak
is better known for having been his home when he achieved greatness. The older house was a large brick turreted edifice where the Alumni Center Hotel now stands. The Falkners lived in it during the period 1912–22 when fraternities were outlawed and was the first building of note that incoming freshmen saw when they walked from the train station into campus. It and a successor burned down. The Cofield photographic Collection [ISBN 978-0-916242-02-2], p. 58, cites Faulkner's younger brother, Dean Faulkner, that his brother's room was in the tower. Referenced in University of Mississippi photographic archive.
In 1879, Baird's Manual (see Wikisource, the free library of source texts.), contained an extensive Delta Psi/St. Anthony Hall chapter list. Baird's characterized the organization, at that time, as having "the reputation of being the most secret of all the college societies."
Chapters at the end of the 19th century were:
Alpha, Columbia College, 1847.
Beta, New York University, 1847 (closed 1853).
Gamma, Rutgers College, 1848 (closed 1850).
Delta, Burlington College, 1849; transferred to Delta, University of Pennsylvania, 1854.
Epsilon, Trinity College (Connecticut), 1850.
Eta, South Carolina College, 1850 (closed 1861).
Theta, Princeton College, 1851 (closed 1863).
Iota, Rochester University, 1851 (closed 1895).
Kappa, Brown University, 1852 (closed 1853).
Lambda, Williams College, 1853 (closed 1969).
Sigma, Randolph-Macon College, 1853 (closed 1861).
Xi, North Carolina University, 1851 (closed 1863).
Psi, Cumberland University, 1858 (closed 1861).
Phi, University of Mississippi, 1855.
Upsilon, University of Virginia, 1860.
Sigma, Sheffield Scientific School (i.e. Yale), 1868.
Theta, Washington-Lee University, 1869.
Baird's 1999 edition amends the last listing for Washington and Lee as Beta (defunct).
The Xi Chapter was re-founded in 1926, as was the Phi Chapter, which had become extinct in 1912. The Kappa Chapter at Brown University was re-founded in 1983, and the Theta Chapter was re-founded at Princeton University in 1986.
The 1999 edition of Baird's appeared unaware of the re-founding of Theta, erroneously listing that as Theta's last year.
Baird's text also noted information regarding the effects of the Civil War, – then just forty years past—on the Order, and contemporary references to several of the fraternity chapter buildings that still exist today: "The Beta Chapter was declared extinct in 1853, and its members affiliated with the Alpha. The Gamma and Theta disbanded. The Alpha has a fine chapter house in East Twenty-eighth Street, New York City. The Epsilon has one of the most expensive chapter houses in the country, $40,000 having been given for that purpose by one of the members. The Kappa Chapter is generally repudiated by the fraternity, but its official existence was recognized in the catalogue draft of 1876. The Southern Chapters were closed by the war, and only the Phi and Upsilon were revived at its close. The Lambda owns a chapter house, and the Iota and one or two others have building funds." (1879 text, from Wikisource.)
Tertiary education
Tertiary education, also referred to as third stage, third level, and post-secondary education, is the educational level following the completion of a school providing a secondary education, such as a high school, secondary school, university-preparatory school...
literary society also known as the Fraternity of Delta Psi (ΔΨ) at colleges in the United States of America. St. Anthony Hall's activities foster the social and intellectual development of its undergraduate members by encouraging individual expression, promoting the exchange of ideas by providing a forum for discussion and presentations. At several of its chapters, St. Anthony Hall hosts public lecture series. The first, or 'Alpha' Chapter was founded at Columbia University
Columbia University
Columbia University in the City of New York is a private, Ivy League university in Manhattan, New York City. Columbia is the oldest institution of higher learning in the state of New York, the fifth oldest in the United States, and one of the country's nine Colonial Colleges founded before the...
on January 17, 1847, which is the feast day
Calendar of saints
The calendar of saints is a traditional Christian method of organizing a liturgical year by associating each day with one or more saints and referring to the feast day of said saint...
of St. Anthony
Anthony the Great
Anthony the Great or Antony the Great , , also known as Saint Anthony, Anthony the Abbot, Anthony of Egypt, Anthony of the Desert, Anthony the Anchorite, Abba Antonius , and Father of All Monks, was a Christian saint from Egypt, a prominent leader among the Desert Fathers...
.
In 1879, Baird's Manual characterized the organization as having "the reputation of being the most secret of all the college societies." References appear in several F. Scott Fitzgerald
F. Scott Fitzgerald
Francis Scott Key Fitzgerald was an American author of novels and short stories, whose works are the paradigm writings of the Jazz Age, a term he coined himself. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest American writers of the 20th century. Fitzgerald is considered a member of the "Lost...
short stories, and the Order has a distinguished architectural inheritance. The organization is often referred to as St. A's or the Hall. It has no official religious affiliation.
History and chapters
Columbia University
Columbia University in the City of New York is a private, Ivy League university in Manhattan, New York City. Columbia is the oldest institution of higher learning in the state of New York, the fifth oldest in the United States, and one of the country's nine Colonial Colleges founded before the...
, a 'Beta' Chapter at New York University
New York University
New York University is a private, nonsectarian research university based in New York City. NYU's main campus is situated in the Greenwich Village section of Manhattan...
was also founded, but by 1853 had been 'united' with the Alpha. By 1879, Columbia College's Record listed the NYU founders alongside its own Columbia students.
The current undergraduate chapters of St. Anthony Hall, according to its website, are the following:
- Alpha: Columbia UniversityColumbia UniversityColumbia University in the City of New York is a private, Ivy League university in Manhattan, New York City. Columbia is the oldest institution of higher learning in the state of New York, the fifth oldest in the United States, and one of the country's nine Colonial Colleges founded before the...
, New York, New York - Delta: University of PennsylvaniaUniversity of PennsylvaniaThe University of Pennsylvania is a private, Ivy League university located in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States. Penn is the fourth-oldest institution of higher education in the United States,Penn is the fourth-oldest using the founding dates claimed by each institution...
, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania - Epsilon: Trinity CollegeTrinity College (Connecticut)Trinity College is a private, liberal arts college in Hartford, Connecticut. Founded in 1823, it is the second-oldest college in the state of Connecticut after Yale University. The college enrolls 2,300 students and has been coeducational since 1969. Trinity offers 38 majors and 26 minors, and has...
, Hartford, Connecticut - Theta: Princeton UniversityPrinceton UniversityPrinceton University is a private research university located in Princeton, New Jersey, United States. The school is one of the eight universities of the Ivy League, and is one of the nine Colonial Colleges founded before the American Revolution....
, Princeton, New Jersey - Kappa: Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
- Xi: University of North CarolinaUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillThe University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill is a public research university located in Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States...
, Chapel Hill, North Carolina - Phi: University of MississippiUniversity of MississippiThe University of Mississippi, also known as Ole Miss, is a public, coeducational research university located in Oxford, Mississippi. Founded in 1844, the school is composed of the main campus in Oxford, four branch campuses located in Booneville, Grenada, Tupelo, and Southaven as well as the...
, Oxford, Mississippi - Sigma: Yale UniversityYale UniversityYale University is a private, Ivy League university located in New Haven, Connecticut, United States. Founded in 1701 in the Colony of Connecticut, the university is the third-oldest institution of higher education in the United States...
, New Haven, Connecticut - Upsilon: University of VirginiaUniversity of VirginiaThe University of Virginia is a public research university located in Charlottesville, Virginia, United States, founded by Thomas Jefferson...
, Charlottesville, Virginia - Tau: MITMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyThe Massachusetts Institute of Technology is a private research university located in Cambridge, Massachusetts. MIT has five schools and one college, containing a total of 32 academic departments, with a strong emphasis on scientific and technological education and research.Founded in 1861 in...
, Cambridge, Massachusetts
At some universities, the Order of St. Anthony maintains a chapter house colloquially referred to as "The Hall" or "St. A's", although at MIT, the society is known as "The Number Six Club" in reference to that chapter's original founding and residence at No. 6 Louisburg Square in Boston's Beacon Hill neighborhood. According to its national website, St. Anthony Hall originally began as a "fraternity dedicated to the love of education and the well-being of its members." Chapters were founded throughout the Northeast, and extended into the South during the mid-19th century. During the Civil War
American Civil War
The American Civil War was a civil war fought in the United States of America. In response to the election of Abraham Lincoln as President of the United States, 11 southern slave states declared their secession from the United States and formed the Confederate States of America ; the other 25...
, formal contact ended between Northern and Southern chapters, though contact was restored between remaining and refounded chapters after the War.
The Order's history states that "many members wore their badges into battle, serving with distinction on both sides, and were often reunited in both pleasant and antagonistic situations throughout the war".
- See the Baird's Manual excerpt below for a near-contemporary account of the disposition of the chapters following the Civil War.
- Archive photo of Civil War officer killed at Gettysburg, who signed his portrait "Yours in Delta Psi".
Because their patron, Anthony of Egypt
Anthony the Great
Anthony the Great or Antony the Great , , also known as Saint Anthony, Anthony the Abbot, Anthony of Egypt, Anthony of the Desert, Anthony the Anchorite, Abba Antonius , and Father of All Monks, was a Christian saint from Egypt, a prominent leader among the Desert Fathers...
is often depicted with his Tau Cross
Cross of Tau
The Cross of Tau, named after the Greek letter it resembles, is suspected to have originated with the Egyptians. When a King was initiatied into the Egyptian mysteries a tau was placed against his lips. It has been a symbol to many cultures before Christianity, including a mention in the Old...
, the symbol has been used to embellish the architecture of some St. A's chapter houses. St. Anthony also became a swineherd, hence Hall members sentimentally regard the pig, one of the Saint's 'attributes'
Emblem
An emblem is a pictorial image, abstract or representational, that epitomizes a concept — e.g., a moral truth, or an allegory — or that represents a person, such as a king or saint.-Distinction: emblem and symbol:...
, as an informal mascot
Mascot
The term mascot – defined as a term for any person, animal, or object thought to bring luck – colloquially includes anything used to represent a group with a common public identity, such as a school, professional sports team, society, military unit, or brand name...
. However the fraternity has never had any religious affiliation; the inspiration provided by this ascetic saint (and his pig) is solely thematic.
As a hermit and founder of monasticism, Anthony is identified with the "book of nature" and not writing. St. Anthony was the focus of a Roman Catholic Hospital Order which flourished from the 13th to 18th centuries and was responsible for treating the effects of ergot poisoning or St. Anthony's Fire. Today's Alpha chapter is decorated with prints of "The Temptation of St. Anthony" as well as the mythic symbol the "Owl of Minerva".
Membership
Chapters of St. Anthony Hall demonstrate a range of membership formats and reputations. Whether known on their campuses as social fraternities, clubs, secret societies, or by other models, most nonetheless publicly articulate a literary focus. The chapters exhibit diverse characteristics with regard to campus presence, secrecy, and exclusivity.Yale became co-educational in 1969 and, in 1971, St. A's became the earliest Yale society to accept women as members. The Yale chapter's action also accomplished, albeit not without friction, co-education as a permitted status within the national fraternity. A member of St. A's at the University of North Carolina
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill is a public research university located in Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States...
became the first person of color to pledge any fraternity at that campus, in 1967.
- Other St. A's chapters subsequently became co-ed at the following schools: Columbia UniversityColumbia UniversityColumbia University in the City of New York is a private, Ivy League university in Manhattan, New York City. Columbia is the oldest institution of higher learning in the state of New York, the fifth oldest in the United States, and one of the country's nine Colonial Colleges founded before the...
, the University of North Carolina at Chapel HillUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillThe University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill is a public research university located in Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States...
, MITMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyThe Massachusetts Institute of Technology is a private research university located in Cambridge, Massachusetts. MIT has five schools and one college, containing a total of 32 academic departments, with a strong emphasis on scientific and technological education and research.Founded in 1861 in...
, and Trinity CollegeTrinity College (Connecticut)Trinity College is a private, liberal arts college in Hartford, Connecticut. Founded in 1823, it is the second-oldest college in the state of Connecticut after Yale University. The college enrolls 2,300 students and has been coeducational since 1969. Trinity offers 38 majors and 26 minors, and has...
. - The chapters at Brown UniversityBrown UniversityBrown University is a private, Ivy League university located in Providence, Rhode Island, United States. Founded in 1764 prior to American independence from the British Empire as the College in the English Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations early in the reign of King George III ,...
and Princeton UniversityPrinceton UniversityPrinceton University is a private research university located in Princeton, New Jersey, United States. The school is one of the eight universities of the Ivy League, and is one of the nine Colonial Colleges founded before the American Revolution....
, inactive since the 19th century, were both re-founded as co-ed chapters in the 1980s. - The University of PennsylvaniaUniversity of PennsylvaniaThe University of Pennsylvania is a private, Ivy League university located in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States. Penn is the fourth-oldest institution of higher education in the United States,Penn is the fourth-oldest using the founding dates claimed by each institution...
, the University of MississippiUniversity of MississippiThe University of Mississippi, also known as Ole Miss, is a public, coeducational research university located in Oxford, Mississippi. Founded in 1844, the school is composed of the main campus in Oxford, four branch campuses located in Booneville, Grenada, Tupelo, and Southaven as well as the...
and the University of VirginiaUniversity of VirginiaThe University of Virginia is a public research university located in Charlottesville, Virginia, United States, founded by Thomas Jefferson...
chapters remain all-male. St. Anthony Hall chapters accommodate each others' different policies, and the national organization lists both types on its website.
Activities
Student St. A's members at various chapters pursue their literary mandate through different programs. The Columbia, University of North Carolina, and Brown Univesity chapters have published poetry journals. Also at the University of North Carolina, the chapter hosts events open to the community such as "Poetry, Prose and Pancakes" and "Haiku Kung Fu". The Brown University Chapter publishes a literary and visual arts magazine, also available online, called "The Sketchbook."The Trinity College chapter endows a St. Anthony Professorship in Art History, several annual prizes for Trinity students, and an annual public lecture, named for Martin W. Clement (Class of 1901). Yale's chapter sponsors a public series of lectures every two to three weeks on literature, poetry, art and current affairs in general. (It is compared to but more generalized than the annual Maynard Mack Lecture of Yale's Elizabethan Club
Elizabethan Club
The Elizabethan Club is a social club at Yale University named for Queen Elizabeth I and her era. Its profile and members tend toward a literary disposition, and conversation is one of the Club's chief purposes....
, down the block, whose sessions with actors and directors focus on Shakespeare's era.) The Yale St. Anthony Hall lectures, some co-sponsored with the Yale Review
Yale Review
The Yale Review is the self-proclaimed oldest literary quarterly in the United States. It is published by Yale University.It was founded originally in 1819 as The Christian Spectator. At its origin it was published to support Evangelicalism, but over time began to publish more on history and...
recently have included Gay Talese
Gay Talese
Gay Talese is an American author. He wrote for The New York Times in the early 1960s and helped to define literary journalism...
, D. A. Powell
D. A. Powell
-Life and career:Powell lived in various places growing up, then graduated high school from Lindhurst High School in Linda, California. He then worked in a number of jobs before eventually settling in Santa Rosa, California, where he attended Sonoma State University. He earned a bachelor's degree...
, Tom Perotta, Ilya Kaminsky
Ilya Kaminsky
Ilya Kaminsky is a Russian-American poet, critic, translator and professor. He began to write poetry seriously as a teenager in Odessa, publishing a chapbook in Russian entitled The Blessed City. His first published poetry collection in English was a chapbook, Musica Humana...
, Tao Lin
Tao Lin
Tao Lin is an American writer. He was born of Taiwanese parents and grew up on the East Coast of the USA.He is the author of two novels, Eeeee Eee Eeee and Richard Yates ; a novella, Shoplifting from American Apparel ; a short story collection, Bed ; and two poetry collections, you are a little...
, Dave Eggers
Dave Eggers
Dave Eggers is an American writer, editor, and publisher. He is known for the best-selling memoir A Heartbreaking Work of Staggering Genius and for his more recent work as a screenwriter. He is also the co-founder of the literacy project 826 Valencia.-Life:Eggers was born in Boston, Massachusetts,...
, Roddy Lumsden
Roddy Lumsden
Roddy Lumsden is a Scottish poet, who was born in St Andrews. He has published five collections of poetry, a number of chapbooks and a collection of trivia, as well as editing a generational anthology of British and Irish poets of the 1990s and 2000s, Identity Parade, among other...
, Elizabeth Bear
Elizabeth Bear
Sarah Bear Elizabeth Wishnevsky is an American author. Writing under the name Elizabeth Bear, she works primarily in the genre of speculative fiction, and was a winner of the 2005 John W...
, Vona Groarke
Vona Groarke
Vona Groarke is an Irish poet.Groarke was born in Edgeworthstown in the Irish midlands in 1964, and attended Trinity College, Dublin, and University College, Cork...
, Conor O'Callaghan
Conor O'Callaghan
Conor O'Callaghan is an Irish poet, born in Newry in 1968. He has published three collections of poetry: The History of Rain , Seatown , and Fiction...
, John Guare
John Guare
John Guare is an American playwright. He is best known as the author of The House of Blue Leaves, Six Degrees of Separation, and Landscape of the Body...
, Claire Messud
Claire Messud
Claire Messud is an American novelist. She is best known as the author of the 2006 novel The Emperor's Children.-Early life:...
, Elizabeth Alexander
Elizabeth Alexander (poet)
Elizabeth Alexander is an American poet, essayist, playwright, and a university professor.-Early life:Alexander was born in Harlem, New York City and grew up in Washington D.C. She is the daughter of former United States Secretary of the Army and Equal Employment Opportunity Commission Chairman...
, William Deresiewicz
William Deresiewicz
William Deresiewicz , an associate professor of English at Yale University until 2008, is a widely published literary critic. His criticism directed at a popular audience appears in The Nation, The American Scholar, the London Review of Books, and The New York Times...
, Richard Wilbur
Richard Wilbur
Richard Purdy Wilbur is an American poet and literary translator. He was appointed the second Poet Laureate Consultant in Poetry to the Library of Congress in 1987, and twice received the Pulitzer Prize for Poetry, in 1957 and again in 1989....
, Henri Cole
Henri Cole
Henri Cole is an award-winning American poet.-Biography:Henri Cole was born in Fukuoka, Japan, to an American father and French mother, and raised in Virginia, United States. His father, a North Carolinian, enlisted in the service after graduating from high school and, while stationed in...
, Chris Adrian
Chris Adrian
Chris Adrian is an American author. Adrian's writing styles in short stories vary a great deal, from modernist realism to pronounced lyrical allegory. His novels both tend toward surrealism, having mostly realistic characters experience fantastic circumstances. He has written three novels: Gob's...
, Heidi Julavits
Heidi Julavits
Heidi Suzanne Julavits is an American author and co-editor of The Believer magazine. She has been published in The Best Creative Nonfiction Vol. 2, Esquire, Story, Zoetrope All-Story, and McSweeney’s Quarterly...
, Joseph Harrison
Joseph Harrison (poet)
Joseph Harrison is an American poet, and editor.He grew up in Virginia and Alabama.He graduated from Yale University with a Bachelor's of Art degree in 1979, and from Johns Hopkins University with a Masters of Art degree in 1986.He is Senior American Editor for Waywiser Press.He lives in...
, Mark Strand
Mark Strand
Mark Strand is an American poet, essayist, and translator. He was appointed Poet Laureate Consultant in Poetry to the Library of Congress in 1990. Since 2005, he has been a professor of English at Columbia University.- Biography :...
, Wayne Koestenbaum
Wayne Koestenbaum
Wayne Koestenbaum is an American poet and cultural critic. He received a B.A. from Harvard University, an M.A. from Johns Hopkins University, and a Ph.D. from Princeton University...
, Dana Levin, Irving Feldman
Irving Feldman
Irving Feldman Irving Feldman Irving Feldman (born on 22 September 1928 in Brooklyn, New York is an American poet and professor of English.-Academic career:Born and raised in Coney Island, Brooklyn, Feldman worked as a merchant seaman, farm hand, and factory worker through his university education...
, John Butler
John Butler (artist)
John Davidson Butler , was an American artist from Seattle, Washington. He worked primarily as a painter, but later also as a printmaker and ceramicist....
, Maurice Manning
Maurice Manning
Maurice Manning is a former Irish Fine Gael politician. Manning was a member of the Oireachtas for 21 years, serving in both the Dáil and the Seanad. Since August 2002 he has been President of the Irish Human Rights Commission...
, Peter Orszag
Peter Ország
Peter Ország is a Slovak ice hockey referee, who referees in the Slovak Extraliga.-Career:He has officiated many international tournaments including the Winter Olympics. He has been named Slovak referee of the year....
, Michael Donaghy
Michael Donaghy
Michael Donaghy was an award-winning New York poet and musician, who lived in London from 1985.-Life and career:...
, Paul Muldoon
Paul Muldoon
Paul Muldoon is an Irish poet. He has published over thirty collections and won a Pulitzer Prize for Poetry and the T. S. Eliot Prize. He held the post of Oxford Professor of Poetry from 1999 - 2004. At Princeton University he is both the Howard G. B. Clark ’21 Professor in the Humanities and...
, Martin Puryear
Martin Puryear
Martin Puryear is an African American sculptor. He works in media including wood, stone, tar, and wire, and his work is a union of minimalism and traditional crafts.-Life:...
, Robert Young Pelton
Robert Young Pelton
Robert Young Pelton , is an author, journalist and documentary filmmaker. Pelton is considered an adventurer and a "witness" to conflict. Pelton is known for overcoming extraordinary obstacles in his search for the truth...
, Rosa DeLauro
Rosa DeLauro
Rosa L. DeLauro is the U.S. Representative for , serving since 1991. She is a member of the Democratic Party.The district is based in New Haven, and includes most of that city's suburbs.-Early life, education and career:...
, Donald Kagan
Donald Kagan
Donald Kagan is an American historian at Yale University specializing in ancient Greece, notable for his four-volume history of the Peloponnesian War. 1987-1988 Acting Director of Athletics, Yale University. He was Dean of Yale College from 1989–1992. He formerly taught in the Department of...
, Bhagavan Das, Robert Stone, Peter Matthiessen
Peter Matthiessen
Peter Matthiessen is a two-time National Book Award-winning American novelist and non-fiction writer, as well as an environmental activist...
, Agha Shahid Ali
Agha Shahid Ali
Agha Shahid Ali was a Kashmiri American poet...
, Richard Selzer
Richard Selzer
Richard Selzer was a surgeon and author. He was born and raised in Troy, New York, United States. His father was Julius Selzer, M.D. a general practitioner who practiced from the ground floor of the family home at Fifth Avenue in Troy. His mother, Gertrude Selzer, was an amateur singer who...
, Naomi Wolf
Naomi Wolf
Naomi Wolf is an American author and political consultant. With the publication of The Beauty Myth, she became a leading spokesperson of what was later described as the third wave of the feminist movement.-Biography:...
, Carl Andre
Carl Andre
Carl Andre is an American minimalist artist recognized for his ordered linear format and grid format sculptures. His sculptures range from large public artworks to more intimate tile patterns arranged on the floor of an exhibition space Carl Andre (born September 16, 1935) is an American...
, Richard Haas
Richard Haas
Richard John Haas is an American muralist who is best known for architectural murals and his use of the Trompe l'oeil style.-Works:...
, Robert P. De Vecchi
Robert P. De Vecchi
Robert P. DeVecchi is currently President Emeritus of the International Rescue Committee.Born in New York City, he graduated Yale University in 1952, then served for two years on active duty with the United States Air Force and in 1956 received an M.B.A. from Harvard University. He served as a...
, Thomas Fingar
Thomas Fingar
Charles Thomas Fingar is a professor at Stanford University. In 1986 Fingar left Stanford to join the State Department. In 2005, he moved to the Office of the Director of National Intelligence as the Deputy Director of National Intelligence for Analysis and concurrently served as the Chairman of...
, Larry Kramer
Larry Kramer
Larry Kramer is an American playwright, author, public health advocate, and LGBT rights activist. He began his career rewriting scripts while working for Columbia Pictures, which led him to London where he worked with United Artists. There he wrote the screenplay for Women in Love in 1969, earning...
, Frank Deford
Frank Deford
Benjamin "Frank" Deford, III is a senior contributing writer for Sports Illustrated, author, and commentator for National Public Radio and correspondent for Real Sports with Bryant Gumbel on HBO....
, Paul Kennedy
Paul Kennedy
Paul Michael Kennedy CBE, FBA , is a British historian at Yale University specialising in the history of international relations, economic power and grand strategy. He has published prominent books on the history of British foreign policy and Great Power struggles...
, Louise Glück
Louise Glück
Louise Elisabeth Glück is an American poet of Hungarian Jewish heritage. She was appointed Poet Laureate Consultant in Poetry to the Library of Congress in 2003, after serving as a Special Bicentennial Consultant three years prior in 2000....
, Henri Cole
Henri Cole
Henri Cole is an award-winning American poet.-Biography:Henri Cole was born in Fukuoka, Japan, to an American father and French mother, and raised in Virginia, United States. His father, a North Carolinian, enlisted in the service after graduating from high school and, while stationed in...
, Andrew Solomon
Andrew Solomon
Andrew Solomon is a New York-born bisexual writer on politics, culture, and psychiatry who lives in New York and London. He has written for publications such as the New York Times, The New Yorker, and Artforum, on topics including depression, Soviet artists, the cultural rebirth of Afghanistan,...
and Christo. http://www.yale.edu/opa/v35.n25/story10.html http://opa.yale.edu/news/article.aspx?id=6023 The University of Pennsylvania Delta Chapter also hosts an annual lecture series that has recently included guests such as Robert F. Kennedy, Jr.
Robert F. Kennedy, Jr.
Robert Francis Kennedy, Jr. is an American radio host, activist, and attorney specializing in environmental law. He is the third of eleven children born to Ethel Skakel Kennedy and Robert F. Kennedy and is the nephew of John F. Kennedy and Edward M. Kennedy...
http://media.www.dailypennsylvanian.com/media/storage/paper882/news/2004/04/07/News/Robert.F.Kennedy.Jr.Cheers.Conservation.Efforts-2151605.shtml, Joseph Rishel, Brian Tierney
Brian Tierney
Brian P. Tierney is an American a former advertising and public relations executive and publisher of The Philadelphia Inquirer. Born in Upper Darby Township, Pennsylvania, Tierney created Tierney Communications, one of the largest and most successful public relations and advertising firms in...
http://media.www.dailypennsylvanian.com/media/storage/paper882/news/2008/02/13/News/View-From.Inside.The.World.Of.Journalism-3206025.shtml, a Delta Chapter member and the current publisher of The Philadelphia Inquirer
The Philadelphia Inquirer
The Philadelphia Inquirer is a morning daily newspaper that serves the Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, metropolitan area of the United States. The newspaper was founded by John R. Walker and John Norvell in June 1829 as The Pennsylvania Inquirer and is the third-oldest surviving daily newspaper in the...
, and journalist Tucker Carlson. Tom Wolfe
Tom Wolfe
Thomas Kennerly "Tom" Wolfe, Jr. is a best-selling American author and journalist. He is one of the founders of the New Journalism movement of the 1960s and 1970s.-Early life and education:...
also made an impromptu appearance while conducting research for his book "I am Charlotte Simmons
I Am Charlotte Simmons
I Am Charlotte Simmons is a 2004 novel by Tom Wolfe, concerning sexual and status relationships at the fictional Dupont University, closely modeled after Duke University, the University of Pennsylvania and Stanford University...
."
St. Anthony Hall Chapter Houses
The majority of St. Anthony Hall chapters still own the Victorian, Gilded AgeGilded Age
In United States history, the Gilded Age refers to the era of rapid economic and population growth in the United States during the post–Civil War and post-Reconstruction eras of the late 19th century. The term "Gilded Age" was coined by Mark Twain and Charles Dudley Warner in their book The Gilded...
, Art Deco
Art Deco
Art deco , or deco, is an eclectic artistic and design style that began in Paris in the 1920s and flourished internationally throughout the 1930s, into the World War II era. The style influenced all areas of design, including architecture and interior design, industrial design, fashion and...
, and Beaux Arts chapter houses some of its socially prominent members commissioned from well-known 19th century and early 20th century architects. One of the buildings, at Yale, (its third on that campus), when donated by Frederick William Vanderbilt
Frederick William Vanderbilt
Frederick William Vanderbilt was a member of the Vanderbilt family. He was a director of the New York Central Railroad for 61 years, and also a director of the Pittsburgh and Lake Erie Railroad and of the Chicago and North Western Railroad.-Biography:A son of William Henry Vanderbilt, Frederick...
in 1913, was described by the New York Times as "the most expensive and elaborate secret society building in the United States". In accordance with the respective traditions of each chapter, St. A's is now self-described and referred to on different campuses as a fraternity (or co-ed fraternity), a literary society, a secret society, or a private club.
St. Anthony Hall Buildings
• Architectural credit may be shared for the Columbia University Chapter prior to 1899, still standing at 29 E. 28th Street, New York. Either the Firm of James Renwick, Jr.James Renwick, Jr.
James Renwick, Jr. , was a prominent American architect in the 19th-century. The Encyclopedia of American Architecture calls him "one of the most successful American architects of his time".-Life and work:Renwick was born into a wealthy and well-educated family...
, and attributable to the master architect's hand—or at least supervision—or specifically, William Hamilton Russell (1856–1907), an architect in the firm (and great-nephew of Renwick) and then-recent graduate of St. Anthony Hall. Old photographs show a high stoop arrangement with the figure of an owl on the peaked roof and a plaque with the Greek letters Delta Psi over the windowless chapter room. In 1879 The New York Tribune called it French Renaissance
Neo-Renaissance
Renaissance Revival is an all-encompassing designation that covers many 19th century architectural revival styles which were neither Grecian nor Gothic but which instead drew inspiration from a wide range of classicizing Italian modes...
, but the stumpy pilasters and blocky detailing suggest the Neo-Grec
Neo-Grec
Neo-Grec is a term referring to late manifestations of Neoclassicism, early Neo-Renaissance now called the Greek Revival style, which was popularized in architecture, the decorative arts, and in painting during France's Second Empire, or the reign of Napoleon III, a period that lasted...
style then near the end of its popularity. At the turn of the 20th century, when the building became a club for graduate members of the fraternity and a new undergraduate house was built at 115th Street, a newspaper account described the 28th Street house as "a perfect Bijou of tasteful decoration". Upon graduation in 1887, Russell became a protege of his great uncle, James Renwick, Jr.
James Renwick, Jr.
James Renwick, Jr. , was a prominent American architect in the 19th-century. The Encyclopedia of American Architecture calls him "one of the most successful American architects of his time".-Life and work:Renwick was born into a wealthy and well-educated family...
, the same year Renwick completed his best-known work, St. Patrick's Cathedral (NYC)
St. Patrick's Cathedral, New York
The Cathedral of St. Patrick is a decorated Neo-Gothic-style Roman Catholic cathedral church in the United States...
. It is likely that Russell contributed work to his fraternity's first chapter house during his apprenticeship. Another article in the New York Times (1987) asserts that Russell was actually responsible (while in Renwick's firm) for the building. Another of Renwick's proteges, Bertram Grosvenor Goodhue, was architect of the Wolf's Head
Wolf's Head (secret society)
Wolf's Head Society is an undergraduate senior or secret society at Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA. Membership is recomposed annually of fifteen or sixteen Yale University students, typically juniors from the college...
tomb at Yale. Russell later was Partner in his own firm Clinton & Russell, founded in 1894.
• Henry Hornbostel
Henry Hornbostel
Henry Hornbostel was an American architect.He designed more than 225 buildings, bridges, and monuments in the United States; currently 22 are listed on the National Register of Historic Places....
, William Palmer (a St. A's member), and Eric Fisher Wood, firm of Wood, Palmer and Hornbostel. (Columbia University Chapter since 1899, late 19th/20th century revivals. In 1996 building #96000484 was added to the National Register of Historic Places as "Delta Psi, Alpha Chapter").
• Wilson Eyre
Wilson Eyre
Wilson Eyre, Jr. was an influential American architect, teacher and writer who practiced in the Philadelphia area...
, Jr. (University of Pennsylvania Chapter 1889–1908, Italianate Palazzo.) Cited as first fraternity house built on campus and pictured in the University of Pennsylvania
University of Pennsylvania
The University of Pennsylvania is a private, Ivy League university located in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States. Penn is the fourth-oldest institution of higher education in the United States,Penn is the fourth-oldest using the founding dates claimed by each institution...
Archives. Near the old Penn campus across the Schuylkill from the current site. Eyre also designed the University of Pennsylvania Museum.
•Cope & Stewardson
Cope & Stewardson
Cope & Stewardson was an architecture firm best known for its academic building and campus designs. The firm is often regarded as a Master of the Collegiate Gothic style. Walter Cope and John Stewardson established the firm in 1885, and were later joined by Emlyn Stewardson in 1887...
. (University of Pennsylvania Chapter after 1908, Late Gothic Revival
Gothic Revival architecture
The Gothic Revival is an architectural movement that began in the 1740s in England...
, Late 19th And 20th century Revivals, added in 2005 to National Register of Historic Places
National Register of Historic Places
The National Register of Historic Places is the United States government's official list of districts, sites, buildings, structures, and objects deemed worthy of preservation...
building – #05000064 as "St. Anthony Hall House".) Cope & Stewardson served as the architects for numerous other University of Pennsylvania buildings, including the Quadrangle.
Described and pictured in George E. Nitzsche's 1918 book,University of Pennsylvania: Its History, Traditions, Buildings and Memorials: Also a Brief Guide to Philadelphia (International Printing Company, 1918)
• J.P. Fuller (Former chapter house of M.I.T. Chapter prior to 20th century, designed 1826; built 1834–37, Greek Revival, within historic Louisburg Square
Louisburg Square
Louisburg Square is a private square located in the Beacon Hill, Boston, Massachusetts neighborhood of Boston. It was named for the 1745 Battle of Louisbourg, in which Massachusetts militiamen led by William Pepperrell, who was made the first American baronet for his role, sacked the French...
.) Cited and pictured on the Boston College website.
• J. Cleaveland Cady
J. Cleaveland Cady
J Cleaveland Cady was a New York-based architect whose most familiar surviving building is the south range of the American Museum of Natural History on New York's Upper West Side...
. (Trinity College Chapter, 1878) Commissioned by member Robert Habersham Coleman
Robert Habersham Coleman
Robert Habersham Coleman was an iron processing and railroad industrialist and owner of extensive farmland in Pennsylvania. He was the fourth- and last-generation scion of a family which controlled Cornwall Iron Furnace, in Cornwall, Pennsylvania, a major coal-burning ironmaking facility that was...
, the iron baron, rusticated Richardsonian Romanesque
Richardsonian Romanesque
Richardsonian Romanesque is a style of Romanesque Revival architecture named after architect Henry Hobson Richardson, whose masterpiece is Trinity Church, Boston , designated a National Historic Landmark...
. Cady was also a Trinity Chapter St. Anthony Hall member. He erected several buildings at Yale (see Non-hall below). At a cost of $40,000, it was considered at the time to be one of the most expensive fraternity chapter houses in America. Added in 1985 to the National Register of Historic Places
National Register of Historic Places
The National Register of Historic Places is the United States government's official list of districts, sites, buildings, structures, and objects deemed worthy of preservation...
, building #85001017 as "Saint Anthony Hall", the Epsilon Chapter house is the oldest of the Saint Anthony Hall fraternity buildings. The building has recently undergone extensive interior restorations. An exterior addition, in harmony with the original construction, has been added to comply with local building code requirements. J. C. Cady was also the architect of several prominent buildings in New York City, most notably the old Metropolitan Opera House
Metropolitan Opera House (39th St)
The Metropolitan Opera House was an opera house located at 1411 Broadway in New York City. Opened in 1883 and demolished in 1967, it was the first home of the Metropolitan Opera Company.-History:...
and the south section of the American Museum of Natural History
American Museum of Natural History
The American Museum of Natural History , located on the Upper West Side of Manhattan in New York City, United States, is one of the largest and most celebrated museums in the world...
.
• Heins & LaFarge
Heins & LaFarge
The New York-based architectural firm of Heins & LaFarge, composed of Philadelphia-born architect George Lewis Heins and Christopher Grant LaFarge - the eldest son of the artist John LaFarge, famous especially for his stained glass panels - were responsible most notably for the original...
. Architects George Lewis Heins and Christopher Grant LaFarge (the son of the stained glass artist John LaFarge
John LaFarge
John La Farge was an American painter, muralist, stained glass window maker, decorator, and writer.-Biography:...
). (Yale Chapter building from 1894–1913, no longer extant, but its ornamental iron gates re-used in the 1913 building, Richardsonian Romanesque
Richardsonian Romanesque
Richardsonian Romanesque is a style of Romanesque Revival architecture named after architect Henry Hobson Richardson, whose masterpiece is Trinity Church, Boston , designated a National Historic Landmark...
.) Described in and and pictured in the Yale Alumni Magazine.
• Charles C. Haight
Charles C. Haight
Charles Coolidge Haight was an American architect who practiced in New York City. A number of his buildings survive including at Yale University and Trinity College . He also designed most of the campus of the Episcopal General Theological Seminary in Chelsea Square, New York...
(Yale Chapter, circa 1913, a commission of member Frederick William Vanderbilt
Frederick William Vanderbilt
Frederick William Vanderbilt was a member of the Vanderbilt family. He was a director of the New York Central Railroad for 61 years, and also a director of the Pittsburgh and Lake Erie Railroad and of the Chicago and North Western Railroad.-Biography:A son of William Henry Vanderbilt, Frederick...
to match the flanking donated dormitories (dated 1903–06) now part of Silliman College
Silliman College
Silliman College is a residential college at Yale University. It opened in September 1940 as the last of the original ten residential colleges, and includes buildings that were constructed as early as 1901...
, neo-Gothic.) Described in and pictured in the Yale University website.
• Harleston Parker Medal
Harleston Parker Medal
The Harleston Parker Medal was established in 1921 by J. Harleston Parker to recognize “such architects as shall have, in the opinion of the Boston Society of Architects. ....
namesake J. Harleston Parker, founder with Douglas H. Thomas, Jr. and Arthur W. Rice, of firm Parker, Thomas & Rice. The Architecture of Jefferson Country: Charlottesville and Albemarle County, Virginia"] By K. Edward Lay, UVA Press, ISBN 0-8139-1885-5, p. 287" (University of Virginia, 1902, Colonial Revival or "Jeffersonian". First fraternity house built on campus.) It is pictured on the University of Virginia website.
• Stanford White
Stanford White
Stanford White was an American architect and partner in the architectural firm of McKim, Mead & White, the frontrunner among Beaux-Arts firms. He designed a long series of houses for the rich and the very rich, and various public, institutional, and religious buildings, some of which can be found...
, firm of McKim, Mead, and White
McKim, Mead, and White
McKim, Mead & White was a prominent American architectural firm at the turn of the twentieth century and in the history of American architecture. The firm's founding partners were Charles Follen McKim , William Rutherford Mead and Stanford White...
. (Former Williams College chapter), currently houses Center for Development Economics, 1886, "Old English-style".)
• S.E. Gage (16 East 64th Street, New York, originally erected 1878–79 and redesigned by Gage between 1902–1904 in the Neo-Federal style for St. Anthony Hall.) Until around 1990, it was the St. Anthony Club, a city club for St. A's members. Interior details described include limestone columns, a detailed, wrought-iron front door and gate, a limestone and marble entry foyer, and a bronze and wrought-iron main staircase. In addition, the townhouse boasted ornate moldings, high ceilings, skylights, oak Versailles parquet floors and six wood-burning fireplaces. It is also included in a walking tour of 64th Street The five-story, 20 feet (6.1 m) brownstone
Brownstone
Brownstone is a brown Triassic or Jurassic sandstone which was once a popular building material. The term is also used in the United States to refer to a terraced house clad in this material.-Types:-Apostle Island brownstone:...
is on a historically distinguished residential street. In the early 1970s, the Barnard College
Barnard College
Barnard College is a private women's liberal arts college and a member of the Seven Sisters. Founded in 1889, Barnard has been affiliated with Columbia University since 1900. The campus stretches along Broadway between 116th and 120th Streets in the Morningside Heights neighborhood in the borough...
Club leased space in the St. Anthony Club.
•Stone, Carpenter, and Willson
Stone, Carpenter, and Willson
Stone, Carpenter and Willson was a Providence, Rhode Island based architectural firm in the late 19th and early 20th Centuries. It was named for the partners Alfred E. Stone , Edmund R. Willson , and Charles E. Carpenter...
, (Kappa Chapter, Brown University Chapter, 154 Hope Street, Providence, Rhode Island
Providence, Rhode Island
Providence is the capital and most populous city of Rhode Island and was one of the first cities established in the United States. Located in Providence County, it is the third largest city in the New England region...
, erected in 1895, Colonial Revival). Originally a private residence, then until 1969 owned by Bryant University
Bryant University
Bryant University is a private university located in Smithfield, Rhode Island, U.S., that grants the degrees of bachelor of arts, bachelor of science, and master's degrees in business, taxation and accounting. Until August 2004, it was known as Bryant College...
as its administration building formerly named 'Taft House' for its first owners Robert W. and Alice Taft. Unfortunately, an extensive formal garden to its west was replaced with parking. Renamed King House in 1974 in honor of Lida Shaw King
Lida Shaw King
Lida Shaw King was an American classical scholar and college dean. She graduated from Vassar College in 1890 and from Brown University in 1894 and continued her graduate studies at Vassar , Radcliffe , Bryn Mawr , and at the American School of Archaeology, Athens. Greece...
, former dean of Pembroke College
Pembroke College (Brown University)
Pembroke College in Brown University was the coordinate women's college for Brown University in Providence, Rhode Island. It was founded in 1891 and closed in 1971.-Founding and early history:...
. Historic American Buildings Survey data.
Related Non-Hall Campus Buildings
• Additional Josiah Cleaveland CadyJ. Cleaveland Cady
J Cleaveland Cady was a New York-based architect whose most familiar surviving building is the south range of the American Museum of Natural History on New York's Upper West Side...
. An Epsilon Chapter (Trinity College) member, Cady
J. Cleaveland Cady
J Cleaveland Cady was a New York-based architect whose most familiar surviving building is the south range of the American Museum of Natural History on New York's Upper West Side...
in 1873 built the Yale Sheffield Scientific School's
Sheffield Scientific School
Sheffield Scientific School was founded in 1847 as a school of Yale College in New Haven, Connecticut for instruction in science and engineering. Originally named the Yale Scientific School, it was renamed in 1861 in honor of Joseph E. Sheffield, the railroad executive. The school was...
first new building, North Sheffield Hall, on what had been the gardens of the Town-Sheffield mansion. This was followed by his Winchester Hall (1892) and Sheffield Chemical (1894–95). Of these, only the latter, Sheffield Chemical, is still standing, renovated and renamed Arthur K. Watson Hall
Arthur K. Watson
Arthur Kittredge Watson served as president of IBM World Trade Corporation and United States Ambassador to France.-Family:He was born in Summit, New Jersey. His father, Thomas J...
.
• Marcel Breuer
Marcel Breuer
Marcel Lajos Breuer , was a Hungarian-born modernist, architect and furniture designer of Jewish descent. One of the masters of Modernism, Breuer displayed interest in modular construction and simple forms.- Life and work :Known to his friends and associates as Lajkó, Breuer studied and taught at...
. Subsequent to the merger of the 'Sheff'
Sheffield Scientific School
Sheffield Scientific School was founded in 1847 as a school of Yale College in New Haven, Connecticut for instruction in science and engineering. Originally named the Yale Scientific School, it was renamed in 1861 in honor of Joseph E. Sheffield, the railroad executive. The school was...
with Yale College, but within its original precincts, Yale St. A's Chapter member and benefactor Henry P. Becton (BS 1937), son of Becton Dickinson
Becton Dickinson
Becton, Dickinson and Company , is an American medical technology company that manufactures and sells medical devices, instrument systems and reagents. Founded in 1897 and headquartered in Franklin Lakes, New Jersey, BD does business in nearly 50 countries and has 28,803 employees worldwide. In...
co-founder Maxwell Becton, donated the Becton Center (designed by Marcel Breuer
Marcel Breuer
Marcel Lajos Breuer , was a Hungarian-born modernist, architect and furniture designer of Jewish descent. One of the masters of Modernism, Breuer displayed interest in modular construction and simple forms.- Life and work :Known to his friends and associates as Lajkó, Breuer studied and taught at...
), opened in 1970, replacing Winchester Hall and North Sheffield, mentioned above. Breuer cenceived the building "...as a wall that folded horizontally and vertically, with pipes and ducts located in the folds..." Located at 15 Prospect Street, the building's most distinctive feature is an arcade of monumental Tau Cross-shaped
Cross of Tau
The Cross of Tau, named after the Greek letter it resembles, is suspected to have originated with the Egyptians. When a King was initiatied into the Egyptian mysteries a tau was placed against his lips. It has been a symbol to many cultures before Christianity, including a mention in the Old...
concrete columns "designed to invite pedestrians." It appears as a visual reference to the benefactor's society, whose emblem is the Tau Cross; the buildings are within each others' view along the axis formed by Prospect and College Streets. Described and pictured in the Yale University website.
• A late 19th/early 20th century chapter house of the University of Mississippi's St. Anthony Hall Phi Chapter subsequently was an on-campus childhood home of later Nobel Laureate author William Faulkner
William Faulkner
William Cuthbert Faulkner was an American writer from Oxford, Mississippi. Faulkner worked in a variety of media; he wrote novels, short stories, a play, poetry, essays and screenplays during his career...
, although Rowan Oak
Rowan Oak
Rowan Oak, also known as William Faulkner House, is William Faulkner's former home in Oxford, Mississippi. It is a primitive Greek Revival house built in the 1840s by Robert Sheegog. Faulkner purchased the house when it was in disrepair in the 1930s and did many of the renovations himself. Other...
is better known for having been his home when he achieved greatness. The older house was a large brick turreted edifice where the Alumni Center Hotel now stands. The Falkners lived in it during the period 1912–22 when fraternities were outlawed and was the first building of note that incoming freshmen saw when they walked from the train station into campus. It and a successor burned down. The Cofield photographic Collection [ISBN 978-0-916242-02-2], p. 58, cites Faulkner's younger brother, Dean Faulkner, that his brother's room was in the tower. Referenced in University of Mississippi photographic archive.
Exclusions and Obsolete Chapters
The Delta Psi Fraternity at the University of Vermont was founded in 1850 by Professor John Ellsworth Goodrich and was always unrelated It also is apparently only recently defunct.In 1879, Baird's Manual (see Wikisource, the free library of source texts.), contained an extensive Delta Psi/St. Anthony Hall chapter list. Baird's characterized the organization, at that time, as having "the reputation of being the most secret of all the college societies."
Chapters at the end of the 19th century were:
Alpha, Columbia College, 1847.
Beta, New York University, 1847 (closed 1853).
Gamma, Rutgers College, 1848 (closed 1850).
Delta, Burlington College, 1849; transferred to Delta, University of Pennsylvania, 1854.
Epsilon, Trinity College (Connecticut), 1850.
Eta, South Carolina College, 1850 (closed 1861).
Theta, Princeton College, 1851 (closed 1863).
Iota, Rochester University, 1851 (closed 1895).
Kappa, Brown University, 1852 (closed 1853).
Lambda, Williams College, 1853 (closed 1969).
Sigma, Randolph-Macon College, 1853 (closed 1861).
Xi, North Carolina University, 1851 (closed 1863).
Psi, Cumberland University, 1858 (closed 1861).
Phi, University of Mississippi, 1855.
Upsilon, University of Virginia, 1860.
Sigma, Sheffield Scientific School (i.e. Yale), 1868.
Theta, Washington-Lee University, 1869.
Baird's 1999 edition amends the last listing for Washington and Lee as Beta (defunct).
The Xi Chapter was re-founded in 1926, as was the Phi Chapter, which had become extinct in 1912. The Kappa Chapter at Brown University was re-founded in 1983, and the Theta Chapter was re-founded at Princeton University in 1986.
The 1999 edition of Baird's appeared unaware of the re-founding of Theta, erroneously listing that as Theta's last year.
Baird's text also noted information regarding the effects of the Civil War, – then just forty years past—on the Order, and contemporary references to several of the fraternity chapter buildings that still exist today: "The Beta Chapter was declared extinct in 1853, and its members affiliated with the Alpha. The Gamma and Theta disbanded. The Alpha has a fine chapter house in East Twenty-eighth Street, New York City. The Epsilon has one of the most expensive chapter houses in the country, $40,000 having been given for that purpose by one of the members. The Kappa Chapter is generally repudiated by the fraternity, but its official existence was recognized in the catalogue draft of 1876. The Southern Chapters were closed by the war, and only the Phi and Upsilon were revived at its close. The Lambda owns a chapter house, and the Iota and one or two others have building funds." (1879 text, from Wikisource.)
In popular culture
- The society tabloid Gawker said "In the constellation of collegiate societies—fraternities, sororities, eating clubs, final clubs, and the like—few are more exclusive, and WASPy, as St. Anthony Hall, or St. A's as it is commonly known..."
- Delta Brother E. Digby BaltzellE. Digby BaltzellEdward Digby Baltzell was an American sociologist, academic and author.-Life and career:Baltzell was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania to a wealthy Episcopalian family. "Digby" attended St. Paul's School, an Episcopal boarding school in New Hampshire. He attended the University of Pennsylvania,...
coined the term, "WASPWhite Anglo-Saxon ProtestantWhite Anglo-Saxon Protestant or WASP is an informal term, often derogatory or disparaging, for a closed group of high-status Americans mostly of British Protestant ancestry. The group supposedly wields disproportionate financial and social power. When it appears in writing, it is usually used to...
" in his 1964 book The Protestant Establishment: Aristocracy and Caste in America. - In December 1967, during a week-long fellowship on campus, then-California Governor Ronald ReaganRonald ReaganRonald Wilson Reagan was the 40th President of the United States , the 33rd Governor of California and, prior to that, a radio, film and television actor....
was filmed for public television informally debating Yale students at the Yale St. Anthony Hall. Nancy Reagan is also present, as the Yalies quiz the Governor on Vietnam and various social justice issues. - John O'HaraJohn O'HaraJohn Henry O'Hara was an American writer. He initially became known for his short stories and later became a best-selling novelist whose works include Appointment in Samarra and BUtterfield 8. He was particularly known for an uncannily accurate ear for dialogue...
, in his 1960 novel Ourselves to Know, uses St. Anthony Hall membership in the characterizations of the protagonists: "Did you join a fraternity at Penn?" I said. "Yes I did. St Anthony-Delta Psi. But I think they were sorry that they invited me..." --- "I happened to know, because I had seen it, that he had a Delta Psi Tea Company gold charm on his watch chain, but the reason he did not show it was one of delicacy; in 1908 they had not accepted his resignation but he kept the insigne hidden..." --- "He and Robert quickly looked at each other's watch-chain and the Delta Psi charm and smiled. "You know, I've been meaning to write you a letter..." ("Tea" Company was a then-used appellation referring to the fraternity's Tau Cross emblem.) - During the Klondike Gold RushKlondike Gold RushThe Klondike Gold Rush, also called the Yukon Gold Rush, the Alaska Gold Rush and the Last Great Gold Rush, was an attempt by an estimated 100,000 people to travel to the Klondike region the Yukon in north-western Canada between 1897 and 1899 in the hope of successfully prospecting for gold...
Fall of 1897 Jack LondonJack LondonJohn Griffith "Jack" London was an American author, journalist, and social activist. He was a pioneer in the then-burgeoning world of commercial magazine fiction and was one of the first fiction writers to obtain worldwide celebrity and a large fortune from his fiction alone...
was a tenant in Dawson of two mining engineers who were graduates of Yale named Marshall Latham BondMarshall Latham BondMarshall Latham Bond was one of two brothers who were Jack London's landlords and among his employers during the autumn of 1897 and the spring of 1898 during the Klondike Gold Rush. They were the owners of the dog that Jack London fictionalized as Buck....
and Louis Whitford BondLouis Whitford BondLouis Whitford Bond is remembered for having been one of two brothers who were the landlords and among the employers of Jack London during the Klondike Gold Rush. Their dog was the inspiration for his novel The Call of the Wild. Bond was born November 1, 1865, at Rushford, Allegany County, New...
. Among the other cabin residents was Oliver LaFarge, son of John LaFargeJohn LaFargeJohn La Farge was an American painter, muralist, stained glass window maker, decorator, and writer.-Biography:...
. The three men had the cabin designated a chapter house. Thus much of the period that London was in the Klondike he was a St. Anthony's guest. The cabin residents inspired many characters in Jack LondonJack LondonJohn Griffith "Jack" London was an American author, journalist, and social activist. He was a pioneer in the then-burgeoning world of commercial magazine fiction and was one of the first fiction writers to obtain worldwide celebrity and a large fortune from his fiction alone...
stories including "The Call of the WildThe Call of the WildThe Call of the Wild is a novel by American writer Jack London. The plot concerns a previously domesticated dog named Buck, whose primordial instincts return after a series of events leads to his serving as a sled dog in the Yukon during the 19th-century Klondike Gold Rush, in which sled dogs...
". - The "St. Ray's" fraternity in Tom WolfeTom WolfeThomas Kennerly "Tom" Wolfe, Jr. is a best-selling American author and journalist. He is one of the founders of the New Journalism movement of the 1960s and 1970s.-Early life and education:...
's I Am Charlotte SimmonsI Am Charlotte SimmonsI Am Charlotte Simmons is a 2004 novel by Tom Wolfe, concerning sexual and status relationships at the fictional Dupont University, closely modeled after Duke University, the University of Pennsylvania and Stanford University...
is purportedly modeled after the Delta Chapter —"St. A's"— at the University of Pennsylvania where Wolfe attended a fraternity cocktail party while conducting research for the book in 2001. - Lisa Birnbach, ed. The Official Preppy HandbookOfficial Preppy HandbookThe Official Preppy Handbook is a tongue-in-cheek humor reference guide written by Jonathan Roberts, Carol McD. Wallace, Mason Wiley, and Lisa Birnbach. It discusses an aspect of North American culture described as prepdom...
, Workman Publishing, 1980. "St. A’s appeals to the ‘cool element’ of Preppies at Yale; this means Preppies who don’t iron their shirts. It isn’t rowdy: parties there conform to the intellectual self-image Yalies hold dear." - F. Scott FitzgeraldF. Scott FitzgeraldFrancis Scott Key Fitzgerald was an American author of novels and short stories, whose works are the paradigm writings of the Jazz Age, a term he coined himself. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest American writers of the 20th century. Fitzgerald is considered a member of the "Lost...
, in several short stories, refers to the Pump and Slipper, an annual party at the Yale Chapter:- "May Day" in "Tales of the Jazz Age" "A man with prominent teeth cut in. Edith inhaled a slight cloud of whiskey. She liked men to have had something to drink; they were so much more cheerful, and appreciative and complimentary—much easier to talk to. "My name's Dean, Philip Dean," he said cheerfully. "You don't remember me, I know, but you used to come up to New Haven with a fellow I roomed with senior year, Gordon Sterrett." Edith looked up quickly. "Yes, I went up with him twice—to the Pump and Slipper and the Junior prom."
- "Bernice Bobs Her HairBernice Bobs Her HairBernice Bobs Her Hair is a short story by F. Scott Fitzgerald, written in 1920 and first published in the Saturday Evening Post in May of that year. It appeared shortly thereafter in the collection Flappers and Philosophers.- Background :...
" "Warren was nineteen and rather pitying with those of his friends who hadn't gone East to college. But, like most boys, he bragged tremendously about the girls of his city when he was away from it. There was Genevieve Ormonde, who regularly made the rounds of dances, house-parties, and football games at Princeton, Yale, Williams, and Cornell; there was black-eyed Roberta Dillon, who was quite as famous to her own generation as Hiram Johnson or Ty Cobb; and, of course, there was Marjorie Harvey, who besides having a fairylike face and a dazzling, bewildering tongue was already justly celebrated for having turned five cart-wheels in succession during the last pump-and-slipper dance at New Haven." - "A Short Trip Home", Saturday Evening Post, January 17, 1927. "Joe Jelke and two other boys were along, and none of the three could manage to take their eyes off her, even to say hello to me. She had one of those exquisite rose skins frequent in our part of the country, and beautiful until the little veins begin to break at about forty; now, flushed with the cold, it was a riot of lovely delicate pinks like many carnations. She and Joe had reached some sort of reconciliation, or at least he was too far gone in love to remember last night; but I saw that though she laughed a lot she wasn't really paying any attention to him or any of them. She wanted them to go, so that there'd be a message from the kitchen, but I knew that the message wasn't coming—that she was safe. There was talk of the Pump and Slipper dance at New Haven and of the Princeton Prom, and then, in various moods, we four left and separated quickly outside. I walked home with a certain depression of spirit and lay for an hour in a hot bath thinking that vacation was all over for me now that she was gone; feeling, even more deeply than I had yesterday, that she was out of my life."
- The exclusive "Hamilton House" from the hit tv show Gossip GirlGossip GirlGossip Girl is an American young adult novel series written by Cecily von Ziegesar and published by Little, Brown and Company, a subsidiary of the Hachette Group. The series revolves around the lives and romances of the privileged teenagers at the Constance Billard School for Girls, an elite...
was based on St. Anthony Hall.
- The cover art of rock band Vampire WeekendVampire WeekendVampire Weekend is an American indie rock band from New York City that formed in 2006 and signed to XL Recordings. The Band has four members: Ezra Koenig, Rostam Batmanglij, Chris Tomson, and Chris Baio. The band released its first album Vampire Weekend in 2008, which produced the singles "Mansard...
's first album is a photo of the Columbia Chapter chandelier.
- 1923 MIT campus newspaper reference to "Select Wittstein" providing music for the Pump and Slipper and the Yale Prom in New HavenNew Haven, ConnecticutNew Haven is the second-largest city in Connecticut and the sixth-largest in New England. According to the 2010 Census, New Haven's population increased by 5.0% between 2000 and 2010, a rate higher than that of the State of Connecticut, and higher than that of the state's five largest cities, and...
.
- Article purporting to describe the Columbia and Yale chapters, Yale Daily NewsYale Daily NewsThe Yale Daily News is an independent student newspaper published by Yale University students in New Haven, Connecticut since January 28, 1878...
.
- Mentioned various times in the 2010 novel, Octopus Summer, by W. Malcolm Dorson (brother of the Delta Chapter, University of Pennsylvania)
See also
- Collegiate secret societies in North America
- http://www.archives.upenn.edu/primdocs/upm/upm7100/1873record.pdf Reference in 1873 volume "University Record (University of Pennsylvania), p. 13, 2nd column, under section "Secret Fraternities", eight unnamed members.
- Robbins, Alexandra. Secrets of the Tomb: Skull and Bones, the Ivy League, and the Hidden Paths of Power. Back Bay Books, 2003. ISBN 0-316-73561-2 o
External links
- St. Anthony Hall National Website
- A photo comparison of William Burges' Tower HouseThe Tower HouseThe Tower House is a late-Victorian town house, built between 1876 and 1878 in the 13th century French gothic style, by the Victorian art-architect William Burges for himself...
and the St. Anthony Hall chapter House of Trinity College (Connecticut)Trinity College (Connecticut)Trinity College is a private, liberal arts college in Hartford, Connecticut. Founded in 1823, it is the second-oldest college in the state of Connecticut after Yale University. The college enrolls 2,300 students and has been coeducational since 1969. Trinity offers 38 majors and 26 minors, and has...
, by the architect William BurgesWilliam Burges (architect)William Burges was an English architect and designer. Amongst the greatest of the Victorian art-architects, Burges sought in his work an escape from 19th century industrialisation and a return to the values, architectural and social, of an imagined mediaeval England...
. - Trinity College (Epsilon chapter)
- Brown University (Kappa Chapter)
- University of Mississippi (Phi Chapter)
- Yale College (Sigma Chapter)
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (Tau Chapter)
- University of North Carolina (Xi Chapter)