Saracen Foundry
Encyclopedia
The Saracen Foundry was the better known name for the Possilpark
, Glasgow
based foundry
company W MacFarlane & Co. Ltd, founded and owned by Walter MacFarlane. Macfarlane's was the most important manufacturer of ornamental ironwork in Scotland
.
, near Glasgow in 1817. He worked for the jeweller William Russell, before serving an apprenticeship with blacksmith
James Buchanan. He then spent a decade working for Moses, McCulloch & Co's Cumberland Foundry in Stockwell Street.
With his own main home at 22 Park Circus, Glasgow
, Macfarlane became a prominent figure in local politics, becoming the President of the Glasgow Liberal Association
and a City Councillor
. He died in 1885, and is buried in Glasgow Necropolis
cemetery
.
MacFarlane, with partners Thomas Russell and James Marshall, incorporated
W MacFarlane & Co. Ltd in 1850. They set up a foundry works in Saracen Lane, behind the Saracen Head Inn, in the Gallowgate. In 1862 the business relocated briefly to Washington Street.
the Sheriff of Lanarkshire
resided, on which to build a his new foundry works.
MacFarlane oversaw the removal of all the trees, creating the foundry on 14 acres (56,656 m²), with its main gates at 73 Hawthorn Street. After creating railway access to his foundry from both the North British Railway
and the Hamiltonhill Branch
of the Caledonian Railway
, MacFarlane laid out the rest of the park land as streets and houses, including naming the street fronting his factory "Saracen Street."
MacFarlane renamed the location Possilpark
, which went from being residence to 10 people in 1872, to 10,000 in less than two decades later in 1891. The developing layout of Possilpark was described by the then Glasgow Town Council as: "Their work is one of the finest and best conducted in Glasgow, and the new suburb of Possil Park, laid out by them with skill and intelligence, is rapidly becoming an important addition to the great city." Ironically, the foundry's pollution earned Macfarlane the nickname "the Laird of Fossiltown."
Having joined the firm in 1871, in 1880 Macfarlane's nephew
, Walter Macfarlane II (1853–1932), became a partner. On succeeding to the position of owner at the death of his uncle, the young MacFarlane set about making design and standardisation the key to the company's development.
Subsequently, the Saracen Foundry made to a set of standard designs, a series of decorative iron works, from railings
, drinking fountains, bandstand
s, street lamps, pre-fabricated buildings and architectural features. To achieve the design edge they required, the firm employed the best Glasgow architects, including John Burnet
, James A Ewing, James Sellars
, and Alexander 'Greek' Thomson
. James Boucher
was commissioned to design the show rooms of the Possilpark foundry as a gigantic showcase for the products, complete with a glass and iron dome and elaborate decorative castings on its Gothic
gateway. The works were exported all over the British Empire
, and can still be found in abundance in many parts of North Glasgow.
Macfarlane's most celebrated work is the Saracen Fountain in Alexandra Park, Glasgow
, which they gifted to the city after exhibiting it in the grounds of the 1901 Glasgow International Exhibition
. Designed by D W Stevenson, and using casts of the figures around his earlier 1878 statue of John Platt in Oldham
, the fountain featured in the firm's advertising. Copies were later commissioned and erected in: Town Hall Park, Warrington
(destroyed for the war effort, 1942; a model version in silver
is in the collection of Warrington Borough Council); and the Sammy Marks
fountain in the National Zoological Gardens
, Pretoria
, South Africa
.
In the 1860s, John Kibble designed a conservatory
for his home at Coulport
on Loch Long
. However, after production at the Saracen Foundry, it was shipped up the River Clyde
by barge to the Glasgow Botanic Gardens
, and fully erected at its current location in 1873 by Boyd of Paisley
. The Kibble Palace building structure is of curved wrought iron
and glass supported by cast iron
beams resting on ornate columns, surmounted on masonry foundations. It was initially used as an exhibition and concert venue, before being used for growing plants from the 1880s. Benjamin Disraeli and William Ewart Gladstone
were both installed as rector
s of the University of Glasgow
in the palace, in 1873 and 1879 respectively - its last use as a public events venue, before becoming wholly used for the cultivation of temperate
plants. The main plant group is the collection of Australia
n tree ferns, some of which have lived here for 120 years. In 2004 a £7 million restoration programme was initiated, which involved the complete dismantling of the Palace, and the removal of the parts to Shafton
, South Yorkshire
for specialised repair and conservation.
Owing to their earlier tie-ins with the architectural trade, between the two world wars Saracen Foundry produced many cast iron panels for commercial buildings, including the former Union Bank on Vincent Street (1924-7); Selfridges
in London
(1928) and the Art Deco
Burton's on Argyle Street (1930). However, the Second World War wreaked havoc on Possilpark in two ways: firstly, by making its industrial works a vast and well-lit target; and secondly when the Minister of Supply
and the Ministry of Production
made the recovery of iron a key component in increasing war production, removing much of the footprint of Saracen's contribution to the world.
classic K6 Telephone box for Post Office Telephones
.
MacFarlane's was taken over by Allied Founders in 1965, which was itself absorbed by Glynwed Ltd. Possilpark was by this time under invested and rather decrepit, and so the works closed and the infrastructure demolished in 1967. The site is now occupied by Allied Motors.
Possilpark
Possilpark is a district in the Scottish city of Glasgow, situated north of the River Clyde. Following the closure of the Saracen Foundry in 1967, this section of Glasgow has become one of the poorest in the United Kingdom, with an above average crime rate....
, Glasgow
Glasgow
Glasgow is the largest city in Scotland and third most populous in the United Kingdom. The city is situated on the River Clyde in the country's west central lowlands...
based foundry
Foundry
A foundry is a factory that produces metal castings. Metals are cast into shapes by melting them into a liquid, pouring the metal in a mold, and removing the mold material or casting after the metal has solidified as it cools. The most common metals processed are aluminum and cast iron...
company W MacFarlane & Co. Ltd, founded and owned by Walter MacFarlane. Macfarlane's was the most important manufacturer of ornamental ironwork in Scotland
Scotland
Scotland is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. Occupying the northern third of the island of Great Britain, it shares a border with England to the south and is bounded by the North Sea to the east, the Atlantic Ocean to the north and west, and the North Channel and Irish Sea to the...
.
Walter Macfarlane
Walter Macfarlane I was born in Torrance of CampsieTorrance, East Dunbartonshire
Torrance is a village in East Dunbartonshire, Scotland, located 8 miles north of the Glasgow city centre, the name of which comes from the Gaelic An Toran which means 'under the hills'. Torrance used to mainly consist of farmland, but in 2001 had a population of 2,480 and this is expected to have...
, near Glasgow in 1817. He worked for the jeweller William Russell, before serving an apprenticeship with blacksmith
Blacksmith
A blacksmith is a person who creates objects from wrought iron or steel by forging the metal; that is, by using tools to hammer, bend, and cut...
James Buchanan. He then spent a decade working for Moses, McCulloch & Co's Cumberland Foundry in Stockwell Street.
With his own main home at 22 Park Circus, Glasgow
22 Park Circus, Glasgow
22 Park Circus is a townhouse in Glasgow, Scotland, housing the city's register office.-Construction:The house forms part of Park Circus, the focal point of the formerly-residential Park district of the West End of the city...
, Macfarlane became a prominent figure in local politics, becoming the President of the Glasgow Liberal Association
Liberal Party (UK)
The Liberal Party was one of the two major political parties of the United Kingdom during the 19th and early 20th centuries. It was a third party of negligible importance throughout the latter half of the 20th Century, before merging with the Social Democratic Party in 1988 to form the present day...
and a City Councillor
Councillor
A councillor or councilor is a member of a local government council, such as a city council.Often in the United States, the title is councilman or councilwoman.-United Kingdom:...
. He died in 1885, and is buried in Glasgow Necropolis
Glasgow Necropolis
The Glasgow Necropolis is a Victorian cemetery in Glasgow, Scotland. It is on a low but very prominent hill to the east of Glasgow Cathedral . Fifty thousand individuals have been buried here. Typically for the period only a small percentage are named on monuments and not every grave has a stone...
cemetery
Cemetery
A cemetery is a place in which dead bodies and cremated remains are buried. The term "cemetery" implies that the land is specifically designated as a burying ground. Cemeteries in the Western world are where the final ceremonies of death are observed...
.
Saracen Foundry
Incorporation (business)
Incorporation is the forming of a new corporation . The corporation may be a business, a non-profit organisation, sports club, or a government of a new city or town...
W MacFarlane & Co. Ltd in 1850. They set up a foundry works in Saracen Lane, behind the Saracen Head Inn, in the Gallowgate. In 1862 the business relocated briefly to Washington Street.
Possilpark
But the business kept growing, and MacFarlane need a vast area of land on which to build both a foundry and a village-styled infrastructure on which to house his workforce. He agreed a deal with the son of Colonel Alexander Campbell of Possil to buy 100 acre (0.404686 km²) of his Possil estate in the mid-1860s, including the main estate house where Sir Archibald Alison, 1st BaronetSir Archibald Alison, 1st Baronet
Sir Archibald Alison, 1st Baronet FRSE was a Scottish advocate and historian. He held several prominent legal appointments. He was the younger son of the Episcopalian cleric and author Archibald Alison...
the Sheriff of Lanarkshire
Lanarkshire
Lanarkshire or the County of Lanark ) is a Lieutenancy area, registration county and former local government county in the central Lowlands of Scotland...
resided, on which to build a his new foundry works.
MacFarlane oversaw the removal of all the trees, creating the foundry on 14 acres (56,656 m²), with its main gates at 73 Hawthorn Street. After creating railway access to his foundry from both the North British Railway
North British Railway
The North British Railway was a Scottish railway company that was absorbed into the London and North Eastern Railway at the Grouping in 1923.-History:...
and the Hamiltonhill Branch
Hamiltonhill Branch
The Hamiltonhill Branch was constructed by the Caledonian Railway in 1894 with the intention to provide a large goods yard at Hamiltonhill on the Forth and Clyde Canal...
of the Caledonian Railway
Caledonian Railway
The Caledonian Railway was a major Scottish railway company. It was formed in the early 19th century and it was absorbed almost a century later into the London, Midland and Scottish Railway, in the 1923 railway grouping, by means of the Railways Act 1921...
, MacFarlane laid out the rest of the park land as streets and houses, including naming the street fronting his factory "Saracen Street."
MacFarlane renamed the location Possilpark
Possilpark
Possilpark is a district in the Scottish city of Glasgow, situated north of the River Clyde. Following the closure of the Saracen Foundry in 1967, this section of Glasgow has become one of the poorest in the United Kingdom, with an above average crime rate....
, which went from being residence to 10 people in 1872, to 10,000 in less than two decades later in 1891. The developing layout of Possilpark was described by the then Glasgow Town Council as: "Their work is one of the finest and best conducted in Glasgow, and the new suburb of Possil Park, laid out by them with skill and intelligence, is rapidly becoming an important addition to the great city." Ironically, the foundry's pollution earned Macfarlane the nickname "the Laird of Fossiltown."
Design led expansion
Nephew
Nephew is a son of one's sibling or sibling-in-law, and niece is a daughter of one's sibling or a sibling-in-law. Sons and daughters of siblings-in-law are also informally referred to as nephews and nieces respectively, even though there is no blood relation...
, Walter Macfarlane II (1853–1932), became a partner. On succeeding to the position of owner at the death of his uncle, the young MacFarlane set about making design and standardisation the key to the company's development.
Subsequently, the Saracen Foundry made to a set of standard designs, a series of decorative iron works, from railings
Railings
Railings is an Australian Thoroughbred racehorse who is notable for winning the 2005 Caulfield Cup when trained by John Hawkes. Other notable wins include the Metropolitan Handicap and he has been placed in races such as the BMW Classic...
, drinking fountains, bandstand
Bandstand
A bandstand is a circular or semicircular structure set in a park, garden, pier, or indoor space, designed to accommodate musical bands performing concerts...
s, street lamps, pre-fabricated buildings and architectural features. To achieve the design edge they required, the firm employed the best Glasgow architects, including John Burnet
John Burnet (architect)
John Burnet was a Scottish architect who lived and practised in Glasgow. He was born the son of soldier and trained initially as a carpenter, before becoming a Clerk of Works...
, James A Ewing, James Sellars
James Sellars
James Sellars was a Scottish architect who was heavily inflenced by the work of Alexander Greek Thomson.He was one of the designers commissioned by the Saracen Foundry to work on a set of standard designs for a series of decorative iron works, for example railings, drinking fountains, bandstands,...
, and Alexander 'Greek' Thomson
Alexander Thomson
Alexander "Greek" Thomson was an eminent Scottish architect and architectural theorist who was a pioneer in sustainable building. Although his work was published in the architectural press of his day, it was little appreciated outwith Glasgow during his lifetime...
. James Boucher
James Boucher
James Chrysostom "Jimmy" Boucher James Chrysostom "Jimmy" Boucher James Chrysostom "Jimmy" Boucher (born 22 December 1910 in Dublin, died 25 December 1995 in Spain was an Irish cricketer. He was a right-handed batsman and off-break bowler....
was commissioned to design the show rooms of the Possilpark foundry as a gigantic showcase for the products, complete with a glass and iron dome and elaborate decorative castings on its Gothic
Gothic architecture
Gothic architecture is a style of architecture that flourished during the high and late medieval period. It evolved from Romanesque architecture and was succeeded by Renaissance architecture....
gateway. The works were exported all over the British Empire
British Empire
The British Empire comprised the dominions, colonies, protectorates, mandates and other territories ruled or administered by the United Kingdom. It originated with the overseas colonies and trading posts established by England in the late 16th and early 17th centuries. At its height, it was the...
, and can still be found in abundance in many parts of North Glasgow.
Alexandra Park, Glasgow
Alexandra Park is a public park in the East End of Glasgow, Scotland. It is located in Dennistoun, three miles east of the city centre. To the north is the M8 motorway. Named after Princess Alexandra of Denmark, it opened in 1870...
, which they gifted to the city after exhibiting it in the grounds of the 1901 Glasgow International Exhibition
Glasgow International Exhibition (1901)
The Glasgow International Exhibition was the second of 4 international exhibitions held in Glasgow, Scotland during the late 19th and early 20th centuries.-Summary:...
. Designed by D W Stevenson, and using casts of the figures around his earlier 1878 statue of John Platt in Oldham
Oldham
Oldham is a large town in Greater Manchester, England. It lies amid the Pennines on elevated ground between the rivers Irk and Medlock, south-southeast of Rochdale, and northeast of the city of Manchester...
, the fountain featured in the firm's advertising. Copies were later commissioned and erected in: Town Hall Park, Warrington
Warrington
Warrington is a town, borough and unitary authority area of Cheshire, England. It stands on the banks of the River Mersey, which is tidal to the west of the weir at Howley. It lies 16 miles east of Liverpool, 19 miles west of Manchester and 8 miles south of St Helens...
(destroyed for the war effort, 1942; a model version in silver
Silver
Silver is a metallic chemical element with the chemical symbol Ag and atomic number 47. A soft, white, lustrous transition metal, it has the highest electrical conductivity of any element and the highest thermal conductivity of any metal...
is in the collection of Warrington Borough Council); and the Sammy Marks
Sammy Marks
Samuel Marks better known as Sammy Marks 1843 - 18 February 1920, was a South African industrialist and financier.-Life history:Born the son of a Jewish tailor in 1843/44 at Neustadt-Sugind , in Lithuania, Russia and endowed with integrity, courage, astonishing business acumen and immense vitality...
fountain in the National Zoological Gardens
National Zoological Gardens of South Africa
The National Zoological Gardens of South Africa is the national zoo of South Africa. It is situated in the city of Pretoria and was founded by J. W. B...
, Pretoria
Pretoria
Pretoria is a city located in the northern part of Gauteng Province, South Africa. It is one of the country's three capital cities, serving as the executive and de facto national capital; the others are Cape Town, the legislative capital, and Bloemfontein, the judicial capital.Pretoria is...
, South Africa
South Africa
The Republic of South Africa is a country in southern Africa. Located at the southern tip of Africa, it is divided into nine provinces, with of coastline on the Atlantic and Indian oceans...
.
In the 1860s, John Kibble designed a conservatory
Conservatory (greenhouse)
A conservatory is a room having glass roof and walls, typically attached to a house on only one side, used as a greenhouse or a sunroom...
for his home at Coulport
Coulport
Coulport is a village on the east side of Loch Long, Argyll and Bute, Scotland.It is 5 miles north-north-west of Cove on the Rosneath peninsula. It marks the end of the B833 shore road, although the village can also be reached by a high-quality but unclassified access road directly from...
on Loch Long
Loch Long
Loch Long is a body of water in Argyll and Bute, Scotland. The sea loch extends from the Firth of Clyde at its southwestern end. It measures approximately 20 miles in length, with a width of between one and two miles...
. However, after production at the Saracen Foundry, it was shipped up the River Clyde
River Clyde
The River Clyde is a major river in Scotland. It is the ninth longest river in the United Kingdom, and the third longest in Scotland. Flowing through the major city of Glasgow, it was an important river for shipbuilding and trade in the British Empire....
by barge to the Glasgow Botanic Gardens
Glasgow Botanic Gardens
Glasgow Botanic Gardens is an Arboretum and public park located in the West End of Glasgow, Scotland. It features several glasshouses, the most notable of which is the Kibble Palace. The gardens were created in 1817, and run by the Royal Botanic Institution of Glasgow , and were intended to supply...
, and fully erected at its current location in 1873 by Boyd of Paisley
Paisley
Paisley is the largest town in the historic county of Renfrewshire in the west central Lowlands of Scotland and serves as the administrative centre for the Renfrewshire council area...
. The Kibble Palace building structure is of curved wrought iron
Wrought iron
thumb|The [[Eiffel tower]] is constructed from [[puddle iron]], a form of wrought ironWrought iron is an iron alloy with a very low carbon...
and glass supported by cast iron
Cast iron
Cast iron is derived from pig iron, and while it usually refers to gray iron, it also identifies a large group of ferrous alloys which solidify with a eutectic. The color of a fractured surface can be used to identify an alloy. White cast iron is named after its white surface when fractured, due...
beams resting on ornate columns, surmounted on masonry foundations. It was initially used as an exhibition and concert venue, before being used for growing plants from the 1880s. Benjamin Disraeli and William Ewart Gladstone
William Ewart Gladstone
William Ewart Gladstone FRS FSS was a British Liberal statesman. In a career lasting over sixty years, he served as Prime Minister four separate times , more than any other person. Gladstone was also Britain's oldest Prime Minister, 84 years old when he resigned for the last time...
were both installed as rector
Rector
The word rector has a number of different meanings; it is widely used to refer to an academic, religious or political administrator...
s of the University of Glasgow
University of Glasgow
The University of Glasgow is the fourth-oldest university in the English-speaking world and one of Scotland's four ancient universities. Located in Glasgow, the university was founded in 1451 and is presently one of seventeen British higher education institutions ranked amongst the top 100 of the...
in the palace, in 1873 and 1879 respectively - its last use as a public events venue, before becoming wholly used for the cultivation of temperate
Temperate
In geography, temperate or tepid latitudes of the globe lie between the tropics and the polar circles. The changes in these regions between summer and winter are generally relatively moderate, rather than extreme hot or cold...
plants. The main plant group is the collection of Australia
Australia
Australia , officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area...
n tree ferns, some of which have lived here for 120 years. In 2004 a £7 million restoration programme was initiated, which involved the complete dismantling of the Palace, and the removal of the parts to Shafton
Shafton
Shafton is a civil parish in the Metropolitan Borough of Barnsley in South Yorkshire, England, on the border with West Yorkshire. At the 2001 census it had a population of 2,840. The parish contains the villages of Shafton and Shafton Two Gates....
, South Yorkshire
South Yorkshire
South Yorkshire is a metropolitan county in the Yorkshire and the Humber region of England. It has a population of 1.29 million. It consists of four metropolitan boroughs: Barnsley, Doncaster, Rotherham, and City of Sheffield...
for specialised repair and conservation.
Owing to their earlier tie-ins with the architectural trade, between the two world wars Saracen Foundry produced many cast iron panels for commercial buildings, including the former Union Bank on Vincent Street (1924-7); Selfridges
Selfridges
Selfridges, AKA Selfridges & Co, is a chain of high end department stores in the United Kingdom. It was founded by Harry Gordon Selfridge. The flagship store in London's Oxford Street is the second largest shop in the UK and was opened on 15 March 1909.More recently, three other stores have been...
in London
London
London is the capital city of :England and the :United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom, and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures. Located on the River Thames, London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its...
(1928) and the Art Deco
Art Deco
Art deco , or deco, is an eclectic artistic and design style that began in Paris in the 1920s and flourished internationally throughout the 1930s, into the World War II era. The style influenced all areas of design, including architecture and interior design, industrial design, fashion and...
Burton's on Argyle Street (1930). However, the Second World War wreaked havoc on Possilpark in two ways: firstly, by making its industrial works a vast and well-lit target; and secondly when the Minister of Supply
Minister of Supply
The Minister of Supply was the minister in the British Government responsible for the Ministry of Supply, which existed to co-ordinate the supply of equipment to the national armed forces...
and the Ministry of Production
Ministry of Production
The Ministry of Production was a British government department created in February 1942, initially under the title Ministry of War Production, but the following month "War" was dropped from the title...
made the recovery of iron a key component in increasing war production, removing much of the footprint of Saracen's contribution to the world.
Collapse
After the war, the combination of the collapse of the British Empire, the move away from steam power and the adaptation of new designs and materials meant a vast decline in orders for Saracen's standard designs. The MacFarlane company moved into standard foundry work, including being one of five foundries casting Sir Giles Gilbert Scott'sGiles Gilbert Scott
Sir Giles Gilbert Scott, OM, FRIBA was an English architect known for his work on such buildings as Liverpool Cathedral and Battersea Power Station and designing the iconic red telephone box....
classic K6 Telephone box for Post Office Telephones
BT Group
BT Group plc is a global telecommunications services company headquartered in London, United Kingdom. It is one of the largest telecommunications services companies in the world and has operations in more than 170 countries. Through its BT Global Services division it is a major supplier of...
.
MacFarlane's was taken over by Allied Founders in 1965, which was itself absorbed by Glynwed Ltd. Possilpark was by this time under invested and rather decrepit, and so the works closed and the infrastructure demolished in 1967. The site is now occupied by Allied Motors.
Locations to see Saracen Foundry pieces
Owing to the long duration of the factory's life, and the wide distribution of their works, Saracen Foundry pieces can be seen in most part of the world. Those of note include:- Glasgow
- King's Theatre, GlasgowKing's Theatre, GlasgowThe King's Theatre is located in Glasgow, Scotland. It was built for Howard & Wyndham Ltd under its chairman Baillie Michael Simons as a sister theatre of their Theatre Royal in the city and was designed by Frank Matcham, opening in 1904. The theatre is primarily a receiving house for touring...
- Coats Observatory, PaisleyCoats Observatory, PaisleyCoats Observatory is one of four public observatories operating in the UK, all of which are sited in Scotland.Coats Observatory is located in Oakshaw Street West, Paisley and was designed by Glasgow architect John Honeyman, with funding coming from local thread manufacturer Thomas Coats...
- King's Theatre, Glasgow
- United Kingdom
- Slough railway stationSlough railway stationSlough railway station, in Slough, Berkshire, England, is served by local services operated by First Great Western from to and intercity services on the Great Western Main Line, the original line of the Great Western Railway...
- roof crestings. - Minehead railway stationMinehead railway stationMinehead railway station is situated in Minehead in Somerset, England. First opened in 1874 as the terminus and headquarters of the Minehead Railway, it was closed by British Rail early in 1971. It reopened in 1976 and is now the terminus and headquarters of the West Somerset Railway, a heritage...
, SomersetSomersetThe ceremonial and non-metropolitan county of Somerset in South West England borders Bristol and Gloucestershire to the north, Wiltshire to the east, Dorset to the south-east, and Devon to the south-west. It is partly bounded to the north and west by the Bristol Channel and the estuary of the...
, EnglandEnglandEngland is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental...
- water fountain. - Vivary ParkVivary ParkVivary Park is a public open space in Taunton, Somerset, England.The Sherford Stream, a tributary of the River Tone, flows through the park, which is located near the centre of the town...
, TauntonTauntonTaunton is the county town of Somerset, England. The town, including its suburbs, had an estimated population of 61,400 in 2001. It is the largest town in the shire county of Somerset....
, SomersetSomersetThe ceremonial and non-metropolitan county of Somerset in South West England borders Bristol and Gloucestershire to the north, Wiltshire to the east, Dorset to the south-east, and Devon to the south-west. It is partly bounded to the north and west by the Bristol Channel and the estuary of the...
, EnglandEnglandEngland is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental...
- the main park gates from 1895, and the Queen Victoria Memorial Fountain of 1907.
- Slough railway station
- Rest of World
- AdelaideAdelaideAdelaide is the capital city of South Australia and the fifth-largest city in Australia. Adelaide has an estimated population of more than 1.2 million...
, AustraliaAustraliaAustralia , officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area...
- The Elder ParkElder Park, AdelaideElder Park is a public open space in the city of Adelaide, South Australia on the southern bank of the River Torrens and that is bordered by the Adelaide Festival Centre and North Terrace....
Rotunda was presented by Thomas Elder in 1881. - Williamstown, VictoriaWilliamstown, VictoriaWilliamstown is a suburb in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 8 km south-west from Melbourne's central business district. Its Local Government Area is the City of Hobsons Bay. At the 2006 Census, Williamstown had a population of 12,733....
AustraliaAustraliaAustralia , officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area...
- The Wilkinson Memorial Drinking Fountain (Cnr Syme Street and Nelson Place). Inaugurated on 17 October 1876 by the Bishop of Ballarat, Dr Thornton, in the presence of the Mayor of Williamstown, ministers of all denominations and over 2000 people, the Wilkinson Memorial Drinking Fountain is the earliest known memorial drinking fountain in Melbourne - Law Courts, VancouverVancouverVancouver is a coastal seaport city on the mainland of British Columbia, Canada. It is the hub of Greater Vancouver, which, with over 2.3 million residents, is the third most populous metropolitan area in the country,...
, CanadaCanadaCanada is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and northward into the Arctic Ocean...
- balustrade of the stairs. - Library of the Municipal Park of Mindú, ManausManausManaus is a city in Brazil, the capital of the state of Amazonas. It is situated at the confluence of the Negro and Solimões rivers. It is the most populous city of Amazonas, according to the statistics of Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics, and is a popular ecotourist destination....
, Brasil - balustrade of the stairs. - Theatro José de AlencarJosé de AlencarJosé Martiniano de Alencar was a Brazilian lawyer, politician, orator, novelist and dramatist. He is one of the most famous writers of the first generation of Brazilian Romanticism, writing historical, regionalist and Indianist romances — being the most famous The Guarani...
, FortalezaFortalezaFortaleza is the state capital of Ceará, located in Northeastern Brazil. With a population close to 2.5 million , Fortaleza is the 5th largest city in Brazil. It has an area of and one of the highest demographic densities in the country...
, Brasil - front entrance and internal works. - Estação da Luz, São PauloSão PauloSão Paulo is the largest city in Brazil, the largest city in the southern hemisphere and South America, and the world's seventh largest city by population. The metropolis is anchor to the São Paulo metropolitan area, ranked as the second-most populous metropolitan area in the Americas and among...
, Brasil
- Adelaide
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