Kestnergesellschaft
Encyclopedia
Kestnergesellschaft - is an art gallery in Hanover, Germany.

The Kestnergesellschaft, sometimes referred to as the Kestner society, was founded in 1916 with the goal of promoting the arts in Hanover
Hanover
Hanover or Hannover, on the river Leine, is the capital of the federal state of Lower Saxony , Germany and was once by personal union the family seat of the Hanoverian Kings of Great Britain, under their title as the dukes of Brunswick-Lüneburg...

, Germany. Its founders included the painter Wilhelm von Debschitz (1871–1948). The association blossomed under the management of Alexander Dorner and Justus Bier as a pioneer of modern art.

After the Second World War Alfred Hentzen took over the management in 1947 followed by Fritz Schmalenbach. In 1997 the Kestnergesellschaft moved into new premises at Goseriede 11, the former site of the Goseriede baths. The new gallery lies directly next to the Hannoversche Allgemeine Zeitung
Hannoversche Allgemeine Zeitung
Hannoversche Allgemeine Zeitung is a German newspaper with a circulation of 158.000 and a widespread resonance all over Germany. It is distributed in Hanover and in all Lower Saxony.Ulrich Neufert leads the HAZ as chief journalist...

, Hanover's local newspaper.

The gallery hit the headlines in 2005 when it exhibited a mud house created by Spanish artist Santiago Sierra
Santiago Sierra
Santiago Sierra is a Spanish artist. He lives in Madrid.Sierra's most well-known works involve hired laborers completing menial tasks...

 featuring a room with mud floor reminiscent of Lake Maschsee
Maschsee
Maschsee is an artificial lake in Hanover, Lower Saxony, Germany. At an elevation of 53.20 m, its surface area is . It was created in the 1930s....

.

The gallery's current director is Veit Goerner.

History

In 1916, with the First World War raging, the kestnergesellschaft was founded by citizens of Hanover, among them Hermann Bahlsen, August Madsack and Fritz Beindorff. Their goal was to bring internationally renowned and innovative artists and their current works to Hanover. The first exhibition, consisting of Max Liebermann’s new work, represented in 1916 the critical starting point for this concept. The first director, Paul Küppers, stated at the time that the aim was to present artworks which “do not simply function as a relaxing amusement but instead have a stimulating and – if necessary –provocative and scandalizing effect.”

In 1936, the kestnergesellschaft was closed under pressure from Hitler’s National Socialist government. The director at the time, Justus Bier, a Jew, presented artists Erich Heckel, Gerhard Marcks, Christian Rohlfs and August Macke – artists who only one year later were banned in the notorious “Degenerate Art” exhibition in Munich. Soon after the war, the new kestnergesellschaft was opened in the Warmbüchenstraßse by public service-minded Hanoverians in 1948, among them Hermann Bahlsen, Wilhelm Stichweh, Bernhard Sprengel and Günther Beindorff, the director of the Pelikan Works. In the 1990s, this building could no longer meet the high technical demands of modern exhibition operations, and the kestnergesellschaft looked for a new domicile. The former Goseriede swimming pool complex in the citycentre was chosen, and a team of internationally selected architects designed and oversaw the transformation into a modern exhibition house.

The list of artists whose works have been exhibited during the 75-year history – excluding the years of closure – reads like a "Who’s Who" in the history of 20th and 21st century art. Among them Paul Klee (1920), Wassily Kandinsky (1923), El Lissitzky (1923) and Kurt Schwitters (1924), both of whom were bound in friendship to the kestnergesellschaft, Joan Miró (1952, 1956, 1989), Jean Dubuffet (1960), Marcel Duchamp (1965), Pablo Picasso (1973, 1993), Georg Baselitz (1987), Joseph Beuys (1975, 1990), Andy Warhol (1981, his first retrospective in Germany, 2001), Richard Prince (1991), Rebecca Horn (1978, 1991, 1997), Antoni Tàpies (1962, 1998), Jonathan Meese (2002), Thomas Ruff (2003) and Peter Doig (2004).

The House

In 1997, the then Minister President of the State of Lower Saxony, Gerhard Schröder, inaugurated the new facilities of the kestnergesellschaft at Goseriede 11. Simultaneously, the "Münchener Abendzeitung" declared the remodelled exhibition facility "Germany’s most beautiful exhibition house." The remodelling of the former Goseriede swimming-pool into an up-to-date exhibition house not only incorporates the high technical demands of modern exhibition operations but also preserves and showcases the "Jugendstil" features of this historic landmark. With its five halls on two levels, the house has at its command more than 1,500 square meters of exhibition surface.

History of the House

From 1902 to 1905 the Hanoverian chief city architectural commissioner, Carl Wolff, oversaw the construction of the Goseriede swimming-pool. The middle section of the public bathing facility was destroyed in 1943 during the Second World War, and later rebuilt from 1947 to 1953. After the reopening, the pool remained in use until 1982. In the same year, the city placed the beautiful "Jugendstil" façade under protection as a monument. In 1990 the publishing house Madsack purchased the building, offering the sections of the former women’s pool area, entrance hall and all adjoining rooms to the kestnergesellschaft for its use. An international architectural competition was launched in 1992 in search of an innovative design for the space with the support of Norddeutsche Landesbank. Chaired by Prof. Peter P. Schweger, the jury awarded the first prize to the Hanoverian architects Kai-Michael Koch, Anne Panse and Christian Hühn. In collaboration with the curators of the kestnergesellschaft, their design was developed further into the elegant and dynamic amalgamation of modern architectural elements. The prize of the Association of German Architects of the State of Lower Saxony was awarded to the building in 1998.

Exhibition Spaces

Each of the five halls at kestnergesellschaft has its own unique dimensions and atmosphere. Able to accommodate diverse exhibition concepts, the spaces can be transformed with high-tech equipment including a close-meshed and invisible network of electrical connections in the floors, walls and ceilings. The lateral galleries in the Halls II and III can be closed off to create smaller exhibition spaces. The total of twelve entrances into the Claussen Hall may be used to create different orientations of projects and viewers. In planning for the building renovations, care was also taken to create the necessary infrastructure for the careful transport and handling of artworks to and within the halls, with direct access to the exhibition spaces via loading dock. Due to ceiling-high gates on the ground- and upper-floors along with a large elevator, pieces arrive safely and easily into the exhibition halls.

Kestnereditions

Since 2003, Kestnereditions are being released in correspondence to every exhibition. The works, which include graphic art, photography and other art forms, are offered exclusively for members of the Kestnergesellschaft in limited editions.

Exhibitions until 1936

  • Alt, Theodor 1922
  • Arnthal, Eduard 1921
  • Arp, Hans 1924
  • Caspar, Karl 1916
  • Champion, Theo 1925
  • Corinth, Lovis
    Lovis Corinth
    Lovis Corinth was a German painter and printmaker whose mature work realized a synthesis of impressionism and expressionism....

     1917, 1928
  • Beeh, René 1921
  • Barlach, Ernst
    Ernst Barlach
    Ernst Barlach was a German expressionist sculptor, printmaker and writer. Although he was a supporter of the war in the years leading to World War I, his participation in the war made him change his position, and he is mostly known for his sculptures protesting against the war...

     1918/1919, 1931
  • Beckmann, Max
    Max Beckmann
    Max Beckmann was a German painter, draftsman, printmaker, sculptor, and writer. Although he is classified as an Expressionist artist, he rejected both the term and the movement...

     1918/1919, 1931
  • Bieling, H. F. 1922
  • Björn, Alf 1925
  • Bloch, Albert
    Albert Bloch
    Albert Bloch was an American Modernist artist and the only American artist associated with Der Blaue Reiter , a group of early 20th-century European modernists....

     1921
  • Bondy, W. 1925
  • Buchartz, Max 1921, 1923
  • Büttner, Erich
    Erich Büttner
    Erich Büttner was a former German Luftwaffe fighter ace during World War II. He is credited with eight aerial victories while flying the Messerschmitt Me-262 jet fighter becoming one of the first jet aces in aviation history. On 8 November 1944 Büttner was the designated wingman of Leutnant Franz...

     1918/1919
  • Delbrück
    Delbrück
    Delbrück is a town in the east of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, located in the district Paderborn. As of 2002 it has a population of 29,846.-History:...

     1924
  • Dix, Otto
    Otto Dix
    Wilhelm Heinrich Otto Dix was a German painter and printmaker, noted for his ruthless and harshly realistic depictions of Weimar society and the brutality of war. Along with George Grosz, he is widely considered one of the most important artists of the Neue Sachlichkeit.-Early life and...

     1927
  • Dörries, Bernhard 1926
  • Düne, Hans 1924
  • El Lissitzky
    El Lissitzky
    , better known as El Lissitzky , was a Russian artist, designer, photographer, typographer, polemicist and architect. He was an important figure of the Russian avant garde, helping develop suprematism with his mentor, Kazimir Malevich, and designing numerous exhibition displays and propaganda works...

     1923
  • Ensor, James
    James Ensor
    James Sidney Edouard, Baron Ensor was a Flemish-Belgian painter and printmaker, an important influence on expressionism and surrealism who lived in Ostend for almost his entire life...

     1927
  • Falke ,Adolf 1924
  • Feininger, Lyonel
    Lyonel Feininger
    Lyonel Charles Feininger was a German-American painter, and a leading exponent of Expressionism. He also worked as a caricaturist and comic strip artist.-Life and work:...

     1919, 1924/1925, 1932
  • Felixmüller, Conrad
    Conrad Felixmüller
    Conrad Felixmüller was a German Expressionist painter. Born in as Conrad Felix Müller, he chose Felixmüller as his nom d'artiste....

     1921
  • Fischer-Bayer, Margarete 1925
  • Gabo, Naum
    Naum Gabo
    Naum Gabo KBE, born Naum Neemia Pevsner was a prominent Russian sculptor in the Constructivism movement and a pioneer of Kinetic Art.-Early life:...

     1930
  • Gerlwh 1922
  • Gropius, Walter
    Walter Gropius
    Walter Adolph Georg Gropius was a German architect and founder of the Bauhaus School who, along with Ludwig Mies van der Rohe and Le Corbusier, is widely regarded as one of the pioneering masters of modern architecture....

     1931
  • Grosz, George
    George Grosz
    Georg Ehrenfried Groß was a German artist known especially for his savagely caricatural drawings of Berlin life in the 1920s...

     1921
  • Heckel, Erich 1919, 1935
  • Heckendorf, Franz 1918
  • Heitmüller, August 1921/1922
  • Hodler, Ferdinand
    Ferdinand Hodler
    Ferdinand Hodler was one of the best-known Swiss painters of the 19th century.-Life:Hodler was born in Berne, the eldest of six children. His father, Jean Hodler, made a meager living as a carpenter; his mother, Marguerite , was from a peasant family...

     1925
  • Hölzel, Adolf 1918
  • Hofer, Carl
    Carl Hofer
    Karl Christian Ludwig Hofer or Carl Hofer was a German expressionist painter. One of the most prominent painters of expressionism, he never was a member of one of the expressionist painting groups, like "Die Brücke", who influenced him...

     1925, 1927
  • Jaeckel, Willy 1916/1917
  • Kandinsky ,Wassily 1923
  • Kayser, Fred 1924
  • Klatt 1924
  • Klein ,César
    Cesar Klein
    César Klein was a German Expressionist painter and designer, probably best known as one of the founders the November Group and the Arbeitsrat für Kunst....

     1918
  • Klee, Paul
    Paul Klee
    Paul Klee was born in Münchenbuchsee, Switzerland, and is considered both a German and a Swiss painter. His highly individual style was influenced by movements in art that included expressionism, cubism, and surrealism. He was, as well, a student of orientalism...

     1919, 1931
  • Kögel, Linda 1924
  • Kohlhoff, Wilhelm 1919
  • Kokoschka, Oskar
    Oskar Kokoschka
    Oskar Kokoschka was an Austrian artist, poet and playwright best known for his intense expressionistic portraits and landscapes.-Biography:...

     1925
  • Kolbe, Georg
    Georg Kolbe
    Georg Kolbe was the leading German figure sculptor of his generation, in a vigorous, modern, simplified classical style similar to Aristide Maillol of France.Kolbe was born in Waldheim ....

     1933
  • Kollwitz, Käthe
    Käthe Kollwitz
    Käthe Kollwitz was a German painter, printmaker, and sculptor whose work offered an eloquent and often searing account of the human condition in the first half of the 20th century...

     1929
  • Krauskopf, Bruno 1919
  • Kubin, Alfred
    Alfred Kubin
    Alfred Leopold Isidor Kubin was an Austrian printmaker, illustrator and occasional writer. Kubin is considered an important representative of Symbolism and Expressionism.-Biography:...

     1930
  • Lehmbruck, Wilhelm
    Wilhelm Lehmbruck
    Wilhelm Lehmbruck was a German sculptor.- Biography :Born in Duisburg, he studied sculpture arts at the academy of arts in Düsseldorf and contributed to an exhibition at the Grand Palais in Paris. From 1910–1914 he lived in Paris, where he met Modigliani, Brancusi, and Archipenko...

     1920
  • Liebermann, Max
    Max Liebermann
    Max Liebermann was a German-Jewish painter and printmaker best known for his etching and lithography.-Biography:...

     1916
  • Lubbers, Adrian 1925
  • Macke, August
    August Macke
    August Macke was one of the leading members of the German Expressionist group Der Blaue Reiter . He lived during a particularly innovative time for German art which saw the development of the main German Expressionist movements as well as the arrival of the successive avant-garde movements which...

     1918, 1925, 1935
  • Marcks, Gerhard
    Gerhard Marcks
    Gerhard Marcks was a German sculptor, who is also well-known for his drawings, woodcuts, lithographs and ceramics.-Background:...

     1936
  • Marc, Franz
    Franz Marc
    Franz Marc was a German painter and printmaker, one of the key figures of the German Expressionist movement...

     1931, 1936
  • Masereel, Frans 1926, 1931
  • Meidner, Ludwig
    Ludwig Meidner
    Ludwig Meidner was a German expressionist painter and printmaker born in Bernstadt, Silesia. He was apprenticed to a stonemason, but the apprenticeship was not completed. He studied at the Royal School of Art in Breslau and, from 1906-07 at the Julien and Cormon Academies in Paris where he met...

     1918
  • Melzer, Moritz 1920
  • Meyer, Gerd 1924
  • Modersohn-Becker, Paula
    Paula Modersohn-Becker
    Paula Modersohn-Becker was a German painter and one of the most important representatives of early expressionism. In a brief career, cut short by an embolism at the age of 31, she created a number of groundbreaking images of great intensity.-Life and work:Paula Becker was born and grew up in...

     1917, 1922, 1934
  • Moholy-Nagy, László
    László Moholy-Nagy
    László Moholy-Nagy was a Hungarian painter and photographer as well as professor in the Bauhaus school. He was highly influenced by constructivism and a strong advocate of the integration of technology and industry into the arts.-Early life:...

     1923
  • Morgner, Wilhelm 1922
  • Munch, Edvard
    Edvard Munch
    Edvard Munch was a Norwegian Symbolist painter, printmaker and an important forerunner of expressionist art. His best-known composition, The Scream, is part of a series The Frieze of Life, in which Munch explored the themes of love, fear, death, melancholia, and anxiety.- Childhood :Edvard Munch...

     1929
  • Nauen, Heinrich 1918
  • Nolde, Emil
    Emil Nolde
    Emil Nolde was a German painter and printmaker. He was one of the first Expressionists, a member of Die Brücke, and is considered to be one of the great oil painting and watercolour painters of the 20th century. He is known for his vigorous brushwork and expressive choice of colors...

     1918, 1922, 1924, 1928, 1934
  • Pechstein, Max
    Max Pechstein
    Hermann Max Pechstein was a German expressionist painter and printmaker, and a member of Die Brücke group.-Life and career:...

     1922
  • Picasso, Pablo
    Pablo Picasso
    Pablo Diego José Francisco de Paula Juan Nepomuceno María de los Remedios Cipriano de la Santísima Trinidad Ruiz y Picasso known as Pablo Ruiz Picasso was a Spanish expatriate painter, sculptor, printmaker, ceramicist, and stage designer, one of the greatest and most influential artists of the...

     1932
  • Riess
    Riess
    ----Riess is a surname of Germanic origin. It refers to:* Adam Riess , American astrophysicist* Erwin Riess , Austrian playwright* Fritz Riess , German Formula One race car driver...

     1925
  • Renoir
    Renoir
    -People with the surname Renoir :* Pierre-Auguste Renoir , French painter* Pierre Renoir , French actor and son of Pierre-Auguste Renoir* Jean Renoir , French film director and son of Pierre-Auguste Renoir...

     1925
  • Rodin
    Rodin
    - People :* Auguste Rodin , French sculptor, for whom is named:** The Musée Rodin in Paris, France** The Rodin Museum in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA** The Rodin Gallery in Seoul, South Korea** Rodin , a crater on the Moon...

     1925
  • Roeder, Emy 1922
  • Röhricht, Wolf 1921
  • Rohlfs, Christian
    Christian Rohlfs
    Christian Rohlfs was a German painter, one of the important representatives of German expressionism....

     1919, 1924, 1930, 1936
  • Scharl, Josef 1933
  • Schlemmer, Oskar
    Oskar Schlemmer
    Oskar Schlemmer was a German painter, sculptor, designer and choreographer associated with the Bauhaus school. In 1923 he was hired as Master of Form at the Bauhaus theatre workshop, after working some time at the workshop of sculpture...

     1932
  • Schmidt-Rottluff, Karl
    Karl Schmidt-Rottluff
    Karl Schmidt-Rottluff was a German expressionist painter and printmaker, and a member of Die Brücke.-Life and work:...

     1920, 1923
  • Schreiner, C. M. 1922
  • Schulze, Otto 1919
  • Schwitters, Kurt
    Kurt Schwitters
    Kurt Hermann Eduard Karl Julius Schwitters was a German painter who was born in Hanover, Germany. Schwitters worked in several genres and media, including Dada, Constructivism, Surrealism, poetry, sound, painting, sculpture, graphic design, typography and what came to be known as...

     1917, 1918, 1924
  • Slevogt, Max
    Max Slevogt
    Max Slevogt was a German Impressionist painter and illustrator, best known for his landscapes. He was, together with Lovis Corinth and Max Liebermann, one of the foremost representatives in Germany of the plein air style.-Biography:He was born in Landshut, Germany...

     1932, 1934
  • Josef Eberz 1917
  • .Steger, M 1922
  • Thoms, Ernst 1926
  • Steinitz, Käthe 1922
  • Toulouse-Lautrec 1925
  • Trübner, Wilhelm
    Wilhelm Trübner
    Wilhelm Trübner was a German realist painter of the circle of Wilhelm Leibl.Trübner was born in Heidelberg and had early training as a goldsmith. In 1867 he met classicist painter Anselm Feuerbach who encouraged him to study painting, and he began studies in Karlsruhe under Fedor Dietz...

     1917
  • van Gogh, Vincent
    Vincent van Gogh
    Vincent Willem van Gogh , and used Brabant dialect in his writing; it is therefore likely that he himself pronounced his name with a Brabant accent: , with a voiced V and palatalized G and gh. In France, where much of his work was produced, it is...

     1928
  • van Dongen, Kees
    Kees van Dongen
    Cornelis Theodorus Maria van Dongen , usually known as Kees van Dongen or just Van Dongen, was a Dutch painter and one of the Fauves. He gained a reputation for his sensuous, at times garish, portraits....

     1922
  • von Brockhusen, Theo 1918/1919
  • von Jawlensky, Alexej
    Alexej von Jawlensky
    Alexej Georgewitsch von Jawlensky was a Russian expressionist painter active in Germany. He was a key member of the New Munich Artist's Association , Der Blaue Reiter group and later the Die Blaue Vier .-Life and work:Alexej von Jawlensky was born in Torzhok, a town in Tver...

     1920, 1924
  • von Seckendorff, Götz 1919
  • Weisgerber, Albert 1917
  • E.R. Weiß 1917
  • Westermayr, Konrad 1920
  • Wolke, Rudolf 1917
  • Zille, Heinrich
    Heinrich Zille
    Rudolf Heinrich Zille , German illustrator and photographer, was born in Radeburg near Dresden, as the son of watchmaker Johann Traugott Zill and Ernestine Louise...

     1931
  • Zimmermann – Heitmüller, Leni 1921/1922

  • Exhibitions from 1948 until 1995

    • Emil Nolde
      Emil Nolde
      Emil Nolde was a German painter and printmaker. He was one of the first Expressionists, a member of Die Brücke, and is considered to be one of the great oil painting and watercolour painters of the 20th century. He is known for his vigorous brushwork and expressive choice of colors...

       1948
    • Pablo Picasso
      Pablo Picasso
      Pablo Diego José Francisco de Paula Juan Nepomuceno María de los Remedios Cipriano de la Santísima Trinidad Ruiz y Picasso known as Pablo Ruiz Picasso was a Spanish expatriate painter, sculptor, printmaker, ceramicist, and stage designer, one of the greatest and most influential artists of the...

       1949, 1965, 1979, 1994
    • Max Beckmann
      Max Beckmann
      Max Beckmann was a German painter, draftsman, printmaker, sculptor, and writer. Although he is classified as an Expressionist artist, he rejected both the term and the movement...

       1949
    • Werner Gilles
      Werner Gilles
      Werner Gilles was a German artist.Gilles was born in Rheydt/Rheinland He found his artistic calling while at the academies of Kassel and Weimar, studying under Lyonel Feininger of the Bauhaus school. He later moved after 1921 to Istria, Italy...

       1949
    • Gerhard Marcks
      Gerhard Marcks
      Gerhard Marcks was a German sculptor, who is also well-known for his drawings, woodcuts, lithographs and ceramics.-Background:...

       1949
    • Fernand Léger
      Fernand Léger
      Joseph Fernand Henri Léger was a French painter, sculptor, and filmmaker. In his early works he created a personal form of Cubism which he gradually modified into a more figurative, populist style...

       1949
    • Fritz Winter 1951
    • Walter Gropius
      Walter Gropius
      Walter Adolph Georg Gropius was a German architect and founder of the Bauhaus School who, along with Ludwig Mies van der Rohe and Le Corbusier, is widely regarded as one of the pioneering masters of modern architecture....

       1951
    • Marino Marini 1952
    • Werner Gilles
      Werner Gilles
      Werner Gilles was a German artist.Gilles was born in Rheydt/Rheinland He found his artistic calling while at the academies of Kassel and Weimar, studying under Lyonel Feininger of the Bauhaus school. He later moved after 1921 to Istria, Italy...

       952
    • Alexander Camaro 1952
    • Joan Miró
      Joan Miró
      Joan Miró i Ferrà was a Spanish Catalan painter, sculptor, and ceramicist born in Barcelona.Earning international acclaim, his work has been interpreted as Surrealism, a sandbox for the subconscious mind, a re-creation of the childlike, and a manifestation of Catalan pride...

       1952, 1958, 1990
    • Ewald Mataré
      Ewald Mataré
      Ewald Wilhelm Hubert Mataré was a German painter and sculptor, who dealt with, among other things, the figures of men and animals in a stylized form.-Career:...

       1952
    • Hans Uhlmann 1953
    • Erich Heckel
      Erich Heckel
      Erich Heckel was a German painter and printmaker, and a founding member of the Die Brücke group which existed 1905-1913.-Biography:Heckel was born in Döbeln . His parents were born in Saxony...

       1953
    • Karl Hartung 1953
    • Henry Moore
      Henry Moore
      Henry Spencer Moore OM CH FBA was an English sculptor and artist. He was best known for his semi-abstract monumental bronze sculptures which are located around the world as public works of art....

       1953
    • Eduard Bargheer 1953
    • Emy Roeder 1953
    • Fritz Grasshoff
      Fritz Grasshoff
      Fritz Graßhoff was a German painter, poet and songwriter. He was known for hits sung by Lale Andersen, Freddy Quinn and Hans Albers. As a painter, he showed at important exhibitions; as a writer, he was known for his important lyric volume Halunkenpostille and his autobiographical novel Der blaue...

       1954
    • Saul Steinberg
      Saul Steinberg
      Saul Steinberg was a Romanian-born American cartoonist and illustrator, best known for his work for The New Yorker.-Biography:...

       1954
    • Hans Arp 1955
    • André Masson
      André Masson
      André-Aimé-René Masson was a French artist.-Biography:Masson was born in Balagny-sur-Thérain, Oise, but was brought up in Belgium. He began his study of art at the age of eleven in Brussels, at the Académie Royale des Beaux-Arts under the guidance of Constant Montald, and later he studied in Paris...

       1955
    • Marc Chagall
      Marc Chagall
      Marc Chagall Art critic Robert Hughes referred to Chagall as "the quintessential Jewish artist of the twentieth century."According to art historian Michael J...

       1955, 1985
    • K.R.H. Sonderborg
      K.R.H. Sonderborg
      K.R.H. Sonderborg is a contemporary New Media Artist and musician.He was born in in Sonderborg/Als, Denmark. Since 1953, he was a member of the group "Zen 49", studied at the Atelier 17 in St. W. Hayter in Paris. In the years spent time working in London, Cornwall, New York, Ascona, Rome and...

       1956
    • Hans Hartung
      Hans Hartung
      Hans Hartung was a German-French painter, known for his gestural abstract style. He was also a decorated World War II veteran of the French Foreign Legion.-Life:...

       1957
    • Gustave Singier
      Gustave Singier
      Gustave Singier was a Belgian non-figurative painter active in France as part of the new Paris School of Lyrical Abstraction and the Salon de Mai. He is buried in the Montparnasse Cemetery....

       1957
    • Theo Eble
      Theo Eble
      Theo Eble was a Swiss painter.-References:*This article was initially translated from the German Wikipedia....

       1958
    • Maria Elena Vieira da Silva 1958
    • Bruno Goller 1958
    • Jean-Paul Riopelle
      Jean-Paul Riopelle
      Jean-Paul Riopelle, was a painter and sculptor from Quebec, Canada.-Biography:Born in Montreal, he studied under Paul-Émile Borduas in the 1940s and was a member of Les Automatistes movement. He was one of the signers of the Refus global manifesto...

       1958
    • Julius Bissier 1958
    • Alfred Manessier
      Alfred Manessier
      Alfred Manessier was a non-figurative French painter, stained glass artist, and tapestry designer, part of the new Paris School and the Salon de Mai.-Biography:...

       1959
    • Ben Nicholson
      Ben Nicholson
      Benjamin Lauder "Ben" Nicholson, OM was a British painter of abstract compositions , landscape and still-life.-Background and Training:...

       1959
    • Woty Werner 1959
    • Hann Trier 1959
    • Kenneth Armitage
      Kenneth Armitage
      William Kenneth Armitage CBE was a British sculptor known for his semiabstract bronzes.-Biography:...

       1960
  • William Scott
    William Scott (artist)
    William Scott was a British artist known for still life and abstract painting. He is the most internationally celebrated of 20th century Ulster painters.-Early life and education:...

     1960
  • Hans Reichel
    Hans Reichel
    Hans Reichel was a German improvisational guitarist, experimental luthier, inventor, and type designer.-Career:...

     1960
  • Jean Dubuffet
    Jean Dubuffet
    Jean Philippe Arthur Dubuffet was a French painter and sculptor. His idealistic approach to aesthetics embraced so called "low art" and eschewed traditional standards of beauty in favor of what he believed to be a more authentic and humanistic approach to image-making.-Life and work:Dubuffet was...

     1960
  • Pierre Soulages
    Pierre Soulages
    Pierre Soulages is a French painter, engraver, and sculptor.-Biography:Born in Rodez in 1919, Soulages also is known as "the painter of black" because of his interest in the colour, "...both a colour and a non-colour. When light is reflected on black, it transforms and transmutes it. It opens up...

     1961
  • Etienne Hajdu
    Étienne Hajdú
    Étienne Hajdú, also known as István Hajdú , was a Transylvania-born French sculptor of Jewish descent. After emigration to Paris in the 1930s, he became part of the Hungarian circle of artists and writers...

     1961
  • Joseph Fassbender
    Joseph Fassbender
    Joseph Fassbender was a German painter and draughtsman.-Life and art:During the 1920s Fassbender was trained in painting by Richard Seewald at the Kölner Werkschulen. Since 1928, he ran his own studio in Cologne...

     1961
  • Emil Schumacher
    Emil Schumacher
    Emil Schumacher German painter, important representative of abstract expressionism in post-war Germany....

     1961
  • Victor Pasmore
    Victor Pasmore
    Edwin John Victor Pasmore was a British artist and architect. He pioneered the development of abstract art in Britain in the 1940s and 1950s.-Biography:...

     1962
  • Edwin Scharff
    Edwin Scharff
    Edwin Scharff was a German sculptor.He was born in Neu-Ulm and died in Hamburg.In 1928 he won a bronze medal in the art competitions of the Olympic Games for his "Médaille pour les Jeux Olympiques"...

     1962
  • Jean Bazaine 1963
  • Zoltan Kemeny
    Zoltán Kemény
    Zoltán Kemény was a sculptor. He was the only Hungarian to win a prize at the Venice Biennale.-Popular culture:...

     1963
  • Sam Francis
    Sam Francis
    Samuel Lewis Francis was an American painter and printmaker.-Early life:...

     1963
  • Serge Poliakoff
    Serge Poliakoff
    Serge Poliakoff was a Russian-born French modernist painter belonging to the 'New' Ecole de Paris .- Biography :...

     1963
  • Kumi Sugai 1963
  • Gregory Masurovsky 1963
  • Victor Vasarely
    Victor Vasarely
    Victor Vasarely was a Hungarian French artist whose work is generally seen aligned with Op-art.His work entitled Zebra, created by Vasarely in the 1930s, is considered by some to be one of the earliest examples of Op-art...

     1964
  • Paul Jenkins 1964
  • Heinz Battke 1964
  • Hundertwasser 1964
  • Richard Oelze
    Richard Oelze
    Richard Oelze was a German painter. He is classified as a surrealist.-Life:...

     1964
  • Alfred Kubin
    Alfred Kubin
    Alfred Leopold Isidor Kubin was an Austrian printmaker, illustrator and occasional writer. Kubin is considered an important representative of Symbolism and Expressionism.-Biography:...

     1964
  • Paul Eliasberg 1965
  • Victor Brauner
    Victor Brauner
    Victor Brauner was a Romanian Jewish painter of surrealistic images.-Early life:He was born in Piatra Neamţ, the son of a timber manufacturer who subsequently settled in Vienna with his family for a few years. It is there that young Victor attended elementary school...

     1965
  • Horst Janssen
    Horst Janssen
    Horst Janssen was a German printmaker and draftsman.- Early life and education :He was born in Hamburg. His mother, Martha Janssen, was a dressmaker from Oldenburg; he never knew his father. Janssen was brought up in Oldenburg by his mother and grandparents in Lerchenstraße fourteen...

     1966
  • Bernard Schultze
    Bernard Schultze
    Bernard Schultze was a German painter who co-founded the Quadriga group of artists. In 1955, he married another painter named Ursula Bluhm....

     1966
  • Mark Tobey
    Mark Tobey
    Mark George Tobey was an American abstract expressionist painter, born in Centerville, Wisconsin. Widely recognized throughout the United States and Europe, Tobey is the most noted among the "mystical painters of the Northwest." Senior in age and experience, Tobey had a strong influence on the...

     1966
  • Alberto Giacometti
    Alberto Giacometti
    Alberto Giacometti was a Swiss sculptor, painter, draughtsman, and printmaker.Alberto Giacometti was born in the canton Graubünden's southerly alpine valley Val Bregaglia and came from an artistic background; his father, Giovanni, was a well-known post-Impressionist painter...

     . 1966
  • Konrad Klapheck
    Konrad Klapheck
    Konrad Klapheck is a German painter and graphic artist whose style of painting combines features of realism, Surrealism and Pop art....

     1966
  • Wifredo Lam
    Wifredo Lam
    Wifredo Óscar de la Concepción Lam y Castilla , better known as Wifredo Lam, was a Cuban artist who sought to portray and revive the enduring Afro-Cuban spirit and culture...

     1966
  • Joannis Avramidis
    Joannis Avramidis
    Joannis Avramidis is a Greek-Austrian sculptor. He was born in Batumi, Georgia in 1922.He studied in Batumi and later at Fritz Wotruba in Vienna.He became a professor at the Academy of Fine Arts Vienna and from 1966 in Hamburg. In 1962 he represented Austria at the Venice Biennale.-References:...

     1967
  • Ben Nicholson
    Ben Nicholson
    Benjamin Lauder "Ben" Nicholson, OM was a British painter of abstract compositions , landscape and still-life.-Background and Training:...

     1967
  • Pierre Roy
    Pierre Roy (painter)
    Pierre Roy was a French painter, illustrator and designer. His paintings, containing mysterious juxtapositions of objects, often inspired by memories of his childhood, show some affiliation to Surrealism and Magic Realism.Born in Nantes, he moved to Paris and studied at the École des Arts...

     1967
  • Hans Bellmer
    Hans Bellmer
    Hans Bellmer was a German artist, best known for the life-sized pubescent female dolls he produced in the mid-1930s. Historians of art and photography also consider him a Surrealist photographer.-Biography:...

     1967
  • Rupprecht Geiger
    Rupprecht Geiger
    Rupprecht Geiger was an abstract painter and sculptor from Munich, Germany. He is perhaps best known for his color field paintings and for his passion for the color red.- Life and work :...

     1967
  • Auguste Herbin
    Auguste Herbin
    Auguste Herbin was a French painter.-Biography:Born in Quiévy, Nord, he studied drawing at the École des Beaux-Arts de Lille, from 1898 to 1901, when he settled in Paris....

     1967
  • Fritz Wotruba
    Fritz Wotruba
    Fritz Wotruba was an Austrian sculptor of Czecho-Hungarian descent. He was considered one of the most notable Austrian 20th century sculptors...

     1967
  • Alan Davie
    Alan Davie
    James Alan Davie is a Scottish painter and musician.He was born in Grangemouth and studied at Edinburgh College of Art in the late 1930s. An early exhibition of his work came through the Society of Scottish Artists...

     1968
  • Lucio Fontana
    Lucio Fontana
    Lucio Fontana was an Italian painter, sculptor and theorist of Argentine birth. He was mostly known as the founder of Spatialism and his ties to Arte Povera.-Early life:...

     1968
  • Antonio Calderara 1968
  • Roy Lichtenstein
    Roy Lichtenstein
    Roy Lichtenstein was a prominent American pop artist. During the 1960s his paintings were exhibited at the Leo Castelli Gallery in New York City and along with Andy Warhol, Jasper Johns, James Rosenquist and others he became a leading figure in the new art movement...

     1968
  • Domenico Gnoli 1968
  • Josef Albers
    Josef Albers
    Josef Albers was a German-born American artist and educator whose work, both in Europe and in the United States, formed the basis of some of the most influential and far-reaching art education programs of the 20th century....

     1968
  • Max Bill
    Max Bill
    Max Bill was a Swiss architect, artist, painter, typeface designer, industrial designer and graphic designer.Bill was born in Winterthur...

     1968
  • Almir Mavignier 1968
  • René Magritte
    René Magritte
    René François Ghislain Magritte[p] was a Belgian surrealist artist. He became well known for a number of witty and thought-provoking images...

     1969
  • Miguel Berrocal
    Miguel Berrocal
    Miguel Ortíz y Berrocal was an artist known for his puzzle sculptures. He was born in Villanueva de Algaidas, Málaga, Spain, and married Maria Cristina de Bragança . He received formal training in mathematics, architecture, chemistry, and art...

     1969
  • Gotthard Graubner
    Gotthard Graubner
    Gotthard Graubner is a German painter. He was born in Erlbach, in Saxony, studied at the Academy of Fine Arts in Berlin, the Dresden Academy of Fine Arts and the Academy of Arts in Düsseldorf, before becoming a professor at the Academy of Fine Arts in Hamburg, in 1969...

     1969
  • Graham Sutherland
    Graham Sutherland
    Graham Vivien Sutherland OM was an English artist.-Early life:He was born in Streatham, attending Homefield Preparatory School, Sutton. He was then educated at Epsom College, Surrey before going up to Goldsmiths, University of London...

     1970
  • R. B. Kitaj
    R. B. Kitaj
    Ronald Brooks Kitaj was an American artist who spent much of his life in England.-Life:Born in Chagrin Falls, Ohio, near Cleveland, United States, his Hungarian father, Sigmund Benway, left his mother, Jeanne Brooks, shortly after he was born and they were divorced in 1934. His mother was the...

     1970
  • Jim Dine
    Jim Dine
    Jim Dine is an American pop artist. He is sometimes considered to be a part of the Neo-Dada movement. He was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, attended Walnut Hills High School, the University of Cincinnati, and received a BFA from Ohio University in 1957. He first earned respect in the art world with...

     1970
  • Giorgio de Chirico
    Giorgio de Chirico
    Giorgio de Chirico was a pre-Surrealist and then Surrealist Italian painter born in Volos, Greece, to a Genovese mother and a Sicilian father. He founded the scuola metafisica art movement...

     1970
  • Pol Bury
    Pol Bury
    Pol Bury was a Belgian sculptor who began his artistic career as a painter in the Jeune Peintre Belge and COBRA groups. Among his most famous works is the fountain-sculpture L'Octagon, located in San Francisco....

     1972
  • Jean Tinguely
    Jean Tinguely
    Jean Tinguely was a Swiss painter and sculptor. He is best known for his sculptural machines or kinetic art, in the Dada tradition; known officially as metamechanics...

     1972
  • Günther Uecker
    Günther Uecker
    Günther Uecker, also known as Guenther Uecker, is a German sculptor, op artist and installation artist.- Biography :...

     1972
  • Marcello Morandini 1972
  • Tomi Ungerer
    Tomi Ungerer
    Jean-Thomas "Tomi" Ungerer is a French illustrator best known for his erotic and political illustrations as well as children's books.- Biography :...

     1973
  • Joseph Cornell
    Joseph Cornell
    Joseph Cornell was an American artist and sculptor, one of the pioneers and most celebrated exponents of assemblage...

     1973
  • Alfred Jensen
    Alfred Jensen
    Peter Alfred Jensen was a Danish politician and government minister. He was a member of the Danish Communist Party ....

     1973
  • Josef Albers
    Josef Albers
    Josef Albers was a German-born American artist and educator whose work, both in Europe and in the United States, formed the basis of some of the most influential and far-reaching art education programs of the 20th century....

     1973
  • Horst Janssen
    Horst Janssen
    Horst Janssen was a German printmaker and draftsman.- Early life and education :He was born in Hamburg. His mother, Martha Janssen, was a dressmaker from Oldenburg; he never knew his father. Janssen was brought up in Oldenburg by his mother and grandparents in Lerchenstraße fourteen...

     1973
  • Jorge Castillo
    Jorge Castillo (artist)
    Jorge José Castillo Casalderrey is a Spanish-born painter and sculptor.For most of his childhood, he and his family lived in Argentina...

     1973
  • George Rickey
    George Rickey
    George Rickey was an American kinetic sculptor.Rickey was born on June 6, 1907 in South Bend, Indiana.-Life and work:...

     1973
  • Michelangelo Pistoletto
    Michelangelo Pistoletto
    Michelangelo Pistoletto is an Italian painter, action and object artist, and art theorist. Pistoletto is acknowledged as one of the main representatives of the Italian Arte Povera...

     1974
  • Gisela Andersch 1974
  • Walter Dexel 1974
  • Uwe Bremer 1974
  • Alfred Hrdlicka
    Alfred Hrdlicka
    Alfred Hrdlicka was an Austrian sculptor, draughtsman, painter and artist. His surname is sometimes written Hrdlička.After learning to be a dental technician from 1943 to 1945, Hrdlicka studied painting until 1952 at the Akademie der bildenden Künste under Albert Paris Gütersloh and Josef...

     1974
  • Dieter Roth
    Dieter Roth
    Dieter Roth was an Icelandic artist of Swiss German origin best known for his artist's books and for his sculptures and pictures made with rotting food stuffs. He was also known as Dieter Rot and Diter Rot....

     1974
  • Roberto Matta
    Roberto Matta
    Roberto Sebastián Antonio Matta Echaurren , better known as Roberto Matta, was one of Chile's best-known painters and a seminal figure in 20th century abstract expressionist and surrealist art....

     1974
  • Peter Ackermann 1974
  • André Thomkins
    André Thomkins
    André Thomkins is a Swiss painter, illustrator, and poet. From 1952, he lived in Germany and taught at the art academy in Düsseldorf between 1971 and 1973....

     1974
  • Eduardo Paolozzi
    Eduardo Paolozzi
    Sir Eduardo Luigi Paolozzi, KBE, RA , was a Scottish sculptor and artist. He was a major figure in the international art sphere, while, working on his own interpretation and vision of the world. Paolozzi investigated how we can fit into the modern world to resemble our fragmented civilization...

     1975
  • Bernhard Luginbühl
    Bernhard Luginbühl
    Bernhard Luginbühl was one of the best known Swiss sculptors.He became famous with his iron sculptures in the late 1950s.In 1976 he started with building giant wooden sculptures which he sets on fire as an art event....

     1975
  • Saul Steinberg
    Saul Steinberg
    Saul Steinberg was a Romanian-born American cartoonist and illustrator, best known for his work for The New Yorker.-Biography:...

     1975
  • Joseph Beuys
    Joseph Beuys
    Joseph Beuys was a German performance artist, sculptor, installation artist, graphic artist, art theorist and pedagogue of art.His extensive work is grounded in concepts of humanism, social philosophy and anthroposophy; it culminates in his "extended definition of art" and the idea of social...

     1976, 1990
  • Cy Twombly
    Cy Twombly
    Edwin Parker "Cy" Twombly, Jr. was an American artist well known for his large-scale, freely scribbled, calligraphic-style graffiti paintings, on solid fields of mostly gray, tan, or off-white colors...

     1976
  • Claes Oldenburg
    Claes Oldenburg
    Claes Oldenburg is a Swedish sculptor, best known for his public art installations typically featuring very large replicas of everyday objects...

     1976
  • Arnulf Rainer
    Arnulf Rainer
    Arnulf Rainer , is an Austrian painter and is internationally renowned for his abstract informal art.In his early years, Rainer was influenced by Surrealism...

     1977
  • Jochen Gerz 1978
  • Rebecca Horn
    Rebecca Horn
    Rebecca Horn is a German installation artist and film director most famous for her body modifications such as Einhorn , a body-suit with a very large horn projecting vertically from the headpiece, and Pencil Mask, a mesh harness for the head with many pencils projecting out...

     1978, 1991
  • Eva Hesse
    Eva Hesse
    Eva Hesse , was a German-born American sculptor, known for her pioneering work in materials such as latex, fiberglass, and plastics. -Early life:Hesse was born into a family of observant Jews in Hamburg, Germany...

     1979
  • Howard Kanovitz
    Howard Kanovitz
    Howard Kanovitz was a pioneering painter in the Photorealist and Hyperrealist Movements, which emerged in the 1960s and 1970s in response to the abstract art movement. - Life :...

     1980
  • Pierre Alechinsky
    Pierre Alechinsky
    Pierre Alechinsky is a Belgian artist. He has lived and worked in France since 1951. His work is related to Tachisme, Abstract expressionism, and Lyrical Abstraction.Alechinsky was born in Brussels...

     1980
  • Larry Rivers
    Larry Rivers
    Larry Rivers was an American artist, musician, filmmaker and occasional actor. Rivers resided and maintained studios in New York City, Southampton, New York and Zihuatanejo, Mexico.-Biography:...

     1981
  • Raoul Hausmann
    Raoul Hausmann
    Raoul Hausmann was an Austrian artist and writer. One of the key figures in Berlin Dada, his experimental photographic collages, sound poetry and institutional critiques would have a profound influence on the European Avant-Garde in the aftermath of World War I.-Early biography:Raoul Hausmann was...

     1981
  • Mimmo Paladino
    Mimmo Paladino
    Mimmo Paladino is an Italian sculptor, painter and printmaker.-Paintings and drawing:Mimmo Paladino was born Domenico Paladino in Paduli, Campania, southern Italy...

     1981
  • Andy Warhol
    Andy Warhol
    Andrew Warhola , known as Andy Warhol, was an American painter, printmaker, and filmmaker who was a leading figure in the visual art movement known as pop art...

     1981
  • Egon Schiele
    Egon Schiele
    Egon Schiele was an Austrian painter. A protégé of Gustav Klimt, Schiele was a major figurative painter of the early 20th century. His work is noted for its intensity, and the many self-portraits the artist produced...

     1982
  • Mario Merz
    Mario Merz
    Mario Merz was an Italian artist, and husband of Marisa Merz.-Life:Born in Milan, Merz started drawing during World War II, when he was imprisoned for his activities with the Giustizia e Libertà antifascist group. He experimented with a continuous graphic stroke–not removing his pencil point from...

     1982
  • Adolf Hölzel
    Adolf Hölzel
    Adolf Hölzel was a German artist/painter. His style developed from Impressionism to expressive modernism.- Biography :...

     1982
  • Peter Blake
    Peter Blake (artist)
    Sir Peter Thomas Blake, KBE, CBE, RDI, RA is an English pop artist, best known for his design of the sleeve for the Beatles' album Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band. He lives in Chiswick, London, UK.-Career:...

     1983
  • Markus Lüpertz
    Markus Lüpertz
    Markus Lüpertz is a contemporary German painter and sculptor.In the 1960s, Lüpertz worked primarily in Berlin, moving on to take a professorship at Karlsruhe at the Academy of Fine Arts Karlsruhe in the 1970s, then to Düsseldorf where he was for over twenty years director of the Kunstakademie...

     1983
  • Hans Bellmer
    Hans Bellmer
    Hans Bellmer was a German artist, best known for the life-sized pubescent female dolls he produced in the mid-1930s. Historians of art and photography also consider him a Surrealist photographer.-Biography:...

     1984
  • Howard Hodgkin
    Howard Hodgkin
    Sir Gordon Howard Eliot Hodgkin CH, CBE is a British painter and printmaker. His work is most often associated with abstraction.-Early life:...

     1985
  • Christian Ludwig Attersee 1985
  • Tony Cragg
    Tony Cragg
    Tony Cragg is a British visual artist specialized in sculpture. He is currently the director of the Kunstakademie Düsseldorf.-Early life:Cragg was born in Liverpool in 1949...

     1986
  • Benjamin Katz 1986
  • Martin Disler
    Martin Disler
    Martin Disler was a Swiss painter, drawer and writer. He is associated with the Neue Wilde painting style....

     1987
  • Fred Sandback
    Fred Sandback
    Fred Sandback was a minimalist conceptual-based sculptor known for his yarn sculptures, drawings, and prints.-Life and work:...

     1987
  • Georg Baselitz
    Georg Baselitz
    Georg Baselitz is a German painter who studied in the former East Germany, before moving to what was then the country of West Germany...

     1987
  • George Grosz
    George Grosz
    Georg Ehrenfried Groß was a German artist known especially for his savagely caricatural drawings of Berlin life in the 1920s...

     1988
  • Jakob Mattner 1988
  • A.R. Penck 1988
  • Sol LeWitt
    Sol LeWitt
    Solomon "Sol" LeWitt was an American artist linked to various movements, including Conceptual art and Minimalism....

     1989
  • John Baldessari
    John Baldessari
    John Anthony Baldessari is an American conceptual artist known for his work featuring found photography and appropriated images. He lives and works in Santa Monica and Venice, California...

     1989
  • Astrid Klein 1989
  • Bernhard Minetti
    Bernhard Minetti
    Bernhard Minetti was a German actor. He appeared in 50 films between 1931 and 1996 but is mostly known for his distinguished stage career.-Selected filmography:* Tiefland * It...

     1989
  • Richard Hamilton
    Richard Hamilton (artist)
    Richard William Hamilton, CH was a British painter and collage artist. His 1956 collage, Just what is it that makes today's homes so different, so appealing?, produced for the This Is Tomorrow exhibition of the Independent Group in London, is considered by critics and historians to be one of the...

     1990
  • Jannis Kounellis
    Jannis Kounellis
    Jannis Kounellis was born on March 23, 1936 in Piraeus, Greece. He studied in art college in Athens until 1956 and at the Accademia di Belle Arti in Rome....

     1991
  • Robert Wilson 1991
  • Per Kirkeby
    Per Kirkeby
    Per Kirkeby is a Danish painter, poet, filmmaker and sculptor.-Biography:1962 Studies at the Experimental Art School in Copenhagen; works in the School on painting, graphic arts, 8 millimeter films and performance pieces...

     1992
  • David Tremlett
    David Tremlett
    David Tremlett is a Cornish sculptor, installation artist and photographer. He currently lives and works in Bovingdon, Hertfordshire, Great Britain.- Biography :...

     1992
  • Eugen Schönebeck 1992
  • Thomas Huber
    Thomas Huber
    Thomas Huber , is a German climber and mountaineer. He lives in Berchtesgaden with his family. His brother and climbing partner is the German climber Alexander Huber....

     1993
  • Richard Prince
    Richard Prince
    Richard Prince is an American painter and photographer. Prince began appropriating photographs in 1975...

     1994

  • Exhibitions since 1997

    • Rebecca Horn
      Rebecca Horn
      Rebecca Horn is a German installation artist and film director most famous for her body modifications such as Einhorn , a body-suit with a very large horn projecting vertically from the headpiece, and Pencil Mask, a mesh harness for the head with many pencils projecting out...

       1997
    • Antoni Tàpies
      Antoni Tàpies
      Antoni Tàpies i Puig, 1st Marquess of Tàpies is a Catalan painter. He is one of the most famous European artists of his generation. After studying law for 3 years, he devoted himself from 1943 onwards only to his painting...

       1998
    • Andy Warhol
      Andy Warhol
      Andrew Warhola , known as Andy Warhol, was an American painter, printmaker, and filmmaker who was a leading figure in the visual art movement known as pop art...

       2001
    • Jonathan Meese
      Jonathan Meese
      Jonathan Meese is a German painter, sculptor, performance artist and installation artist based in Berlin and Hamburg. His works include collages, drawings and writing. He also designs theater sets and wrote and starred in a play, "De Frau: Dr. Poundaddylein - Dr...

       2002
    • Thomas Ruff
      Thomas Ruff
      Thomas Ruff is an internationally renowned German photographer who lives and works in Düsseldorf.-Life:...

       2003
    • Peter Doig
      Peter Doig
      Peter Doig is a contemporary artist born in Scotland. In 2007, a painting of Doig's, entitled White Canoe, sold at Sotheby's for $11.3 million, then an auction record for a living European artist.-Early life:...

       2004
    • Peter Fischli and David Weiss 2004
    • Miquel Barceló
      Miquel Barcelo
      Miquel Barceló is a Spanish painter from Felanitx, Majorca.-Career:After having studied at the Arts and Crafts School of Palma for two years, he enrolled at the Fine Arts School of Barcelona in 1974. A year later he returned to Mallorca to participate in the happenings and actions of protest of...

       2004
    • Cindy Sherman
      Cindy Sherman
      Cindy Sherman is an American photographer and film director, best known for her conceptual portraits. Sherman currently lives and works in New York City. In 1995, she was the recipient of a MacArthur Fellowship. She is represented by Sprüth Magers Berlin London in and Metro Pictures gallery in...

       2004
    • Santiago Sierra
      Santiago Sierra
      Santiago Sierra is a Spanish artist. He lives in Madrid.Sierra's most well-known works involve hired laborers completing menial tasks...

       2005
  • Gilbert & George 2005
  • Sarah Morris
    Sarah Morris
    Sarah Morris , is a British-born American artist.-Education and exhibitions:Morris double majored in Semiotics and Political Philosophy at Brown University, graduating magna cum laude...

     2005
  • Candida Höfer
    Candida Höfer
    Candida Höfer is a Cologne, Germany-based photographer and a former student of Bernd and Hilla Becher. Like other Becher students – Andreas Gursky, Thomas Ruff, Thomas Struth – Höfer's work is known for technical perfection and a strictly Conceptual approach...

     2005
  • Michel Majerus
    Michel Majerus
    Michel Majerus was a Luxemburgian artist whose work combined painting with digital media.His work was featured in a number of solo and group exhibitions in Europe and North America, most notably the "Pop Reloaded" exhibition in Los Angeles....

     2005
  • Erik Bulatov
    Erik Bulatov
    Erik Bulatov is a Russian artist born in Sverdlovsk in 1933 and raised in Moscow. His father was a communist party official who died in World War II at Pskov, and his mother fled Poland at age 15 in support of the Russian Revolution. Bulatov's works are in the major public and private collections...

     2006
  • Thomas Hirschhorn
    Thomas Hirschhorn
    -Life and works:In the 1980s, Hirschhorn worked in Paris as a graphic artist. He was part of the group of Communist graphic designers called Grapus. These artists were concerned with politics and culture, displaying impromptu creations and posters on the street mostly using the language of...

     2006
  • Bazon Brock 2006
  • Chris Ofili
    Chris Ofili
    Chris Ofili is a Turner Prize winning British painter best known for artworks referencing aspects of his Nigerian heritage, particularly his incorporation of elephant dung. He was one of the Young British Artists, and is now based in Trinidad.-Early life:Ofilli was born in Manchester. He had a...

     2006
  • Barbara Kruger
    Barbara Kruger
    Barbara Kruger is an American conceptual artist. Much of her work consists of black-and-white photographs overlaid with declarative captions—in white-on-red Futura Bold Oblique or Helvetica Ultra Condensed...

     2006
  • Franz Ackermann 2006
  • Wolfgang Tillmans
    Wolfgang Tillmans
    Wolfgang Tillmans is a German Fine-art photographer and artist. His comprehensive and diverse body of work is distinguished by observation of his surroundings and an ongoing investigation of the photographic medium’s foundations. In 2000, Tillmans was the first photographer and also the first...

     2007
  • Raymond Pettibon
    Raymond Pettibon
    Raymond Pettibon is an American artist who currently lives and works in Venice Beach, California.-Early life:...

     2007
  • Bruce Nauman
    Bruce Nauman
    Bruce Nauman is a contemporary American artist. His practice spans a broad range of media including sculpture, photography, neon, video, drawing, printmaking, and performance. Nauman lives in Galisteo, New Mexico....

     2007
  • Eric Fischl
    Eric Fischl
    Eric Fischl is an American painter, sculptor and printmaker.-Early life:Fischl was born in New York City and grew up on suburban Long Island; his family moved to Phoenix, Arizona in 1967...

     2007
  • Bettina Rheims
    Bettina Rheims
    Bettina Rheims is a French artist and photographer. She is the daughter of Maurice Rheims, of the French Academy. Her sister Nathalie is an actress, writer and film producer...

     2007
  • Araki
    Araki
    Araki may refer to:* An Ethiopian liquor; see Ethiopian cuisine* Araki Island, an island in Vanuatu** Araki language, the language spoken on that island* Araki Araki is an Iranian surname. It may refer to:...

    Meets Hokusai
    Hokusai
    was a Japanese artist, ukiyo-e painter and printmaker of the Edo period. He was influenced by such painters as Sesshu, and other styles of Chinese painting...

     2008
  • Helmut Lang 2008
  • Jake and Dinos Chapman
    Jake and Dinos Chapman
    Iakovos "Jake" Chapman and Konstantinos "Dinos" Chapman are English visual artists, often known as the Chapman Brothers, who work together as a collaborative sibling duo...

     2008
  • David Salle
    David Salle
    David Salle is an American painter who helped define postmodern sensibility by combining figuration with a varied pictorial language of multi-imagery...

     2009
  • Michaël Borremans
    Michaël Borremans
    Michaël Borremans is a Belgian painter and filmmaker who lives and works in Ghent. His painting technique draws on 18th century art as well as the works of Édouard Manet and Degas. The artist also cites the Spanish court painter Diego Velázquez as an important influence...

     2009
  • Phoebe Washburn
    Phoebe Washburn
    Phoebe Washburn is an American installation artist who lives and works in New York.Washburn is best known for producing large-scale installations: assemblages of garbage, detritus, cardboard, scrap wood, and, more recently, organic matter such as sod or plants.-Career:She holds a BFA from Tulane...

     2009
  • Gert and Uwe Tobias 2009
  • Elke Krystufek
    Elke Krystufek
    Elke Krystufek is an Austrian self portraitist working in a variety of media including: painting, sculpture, video and performance art.-Life:Krystufek studied at the Fine Arts Academy of Vienna in the early 1990s...

     2009
  • Aaron Curry 2010
  • Bethan Huws
    Bethan Huws
    Bethan Huws is a Welsh artist who won the B.A.C.A. Europe 2006 award given by the Bonnefantenmuseum in Maastricht.She has exhibited at the Venice Biennale.Bethan Huws is represented in Paris by Yvon Lambert Gallery.-Further reading:...

     2010
  • Alicja Kwade 2010
  • Larry Sultan
    Larry Sultan
    Larry Sultan was an American photographer. His work was recognized with a Guggenheim Fellowship as well as multiple grants from the NEA...

     2010
  • Olaf Nicolai 2010
  • Cecily Brown
    Cecily Brown
    Cecily Brown, born 1969 in London, is a British painter. She has a great respect for art history and her works reveal her reverence and high regard for artists such as Francisco de Goya, Nicolas Poussin, Willem de Kooning, and Joan Mitchell while incorporating into her works her distinct female...

     2010
  • Nathalie Djurberg
    Nathalie Djurberg
    Nathalie Djurberg is a Swedish video artist who lives and works in Berlin.- Life and work :Djurberg is best known for producing claymation short films that are faux-naïve, but graphically violent and erotic...

     2010
  • Michael Sailstorfer 2010
  • Joachim Koester
    Joachim Koester
    Joachim Koester is a conceptual artist and a graduate of the Royal Danish Academy of Art in his native city. Over the last fifteen years, his work has been exhibited internationally, in Europe, North America, and Africa. He works principally in still photography and video...

     2010
  • Julian Göthe 2011
  • David LaChapelle
    David LaChapelle
    David LaChapelle is a photographer and director who works in the fields of fashion, advertising, and fine art photography, and is noted for his surreal, unique, sexualized, and often humorous style.-Early life:...

     2011
  • André Butzer
    André Butzer
    -Biography:Butzer was born in Stuttgart, Germany and lives in Rangsdorf near Berlin. He makes semi-abstract paintings that feature cartoon-like characters and objects. Butzer is interested in the comic genre, whose ambivalence comes on the one hand from a childlike inflation of effect and on the...

     2011
  • Jos de Gruyter and Harald Thys 2011
  • Daniel Richter
    Daniel Richter
    Daniel Richter is a German artist based in Berlin and Hamburg. He attended Hochschule für bildendende Künste Hamburg from 1991-1995.- Life and work :...

     2011
  • Alice Springs 2011
  • Alex Katz
    Alex Katz
    Alex Katz is an American figurative artist associated with the Pop art movement. In particular, he is known for his paintings, sculptures, and prints and is represented by numerous galleries internationally.-Life and work:...

    2011
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