Cory Environmental
Encyclopedia
Cory Environmental is a large waste disposal company based in the United Kingdom
. Cory operates in more than 30 locations throughout England, providing services in the collection
, recycling
and disposal of waste as well as municipal cleansing.
site. About 15% of London’s waste is transferred by barge, removing 100,000 lorry movements per year from London’s roads.
in 1896 as William Cory and Son Ltd. Cory was formed form the merger of eight companies in the coal trade and had a comprehensive business in transporting and supplying five million tonnes of coal per year to trade and domestic customers in London. Cory had a fleet of 2,500 railway wagons and also operated lighters
on the River Thames
. Rather than operate its lighters unladen on their return journeys from delivering coal, Cory used them to carry refuse from London to be dumped in the marshlands of Essex and Kent.
After the turn of the 20th century, Cory started to provide social housing
for some of its workforce.
Cory ships had brown upper works above hull level. The funnel was black with a broad white band, and a large black diamond on the white band. The house flag was red with a large white or cream diamond in the middle.
In 1900 S.P. Austin & Co of Sunderland
built the 1,780 GRT
coaster
SS Heston for the company. On 24 May 1902 she was en route from Decido to Rotterdam
laden with iron ore when she was involved in a collision with SS Castillo and sank in the Bay of Biscay
southwest of Point Penmarc'h
in Brittany
.
In 1902 S.P. Austin & Co. built the 1,191 GRT collier SS Caenwood for the company. On 21 November 1905 she ran aground and was wrecked in the North Sea off the North Landing of Flamborough Head
.
In 1896 Cory bought the 867 GRT coaster SS F.T. Barry, which Backhouse and Dixon
of Middlesbrough
had built in 1872. On 23 June 1906 she was involved in a collision in the North Sea with SS Tynesider, was beached on Gunfleet Sands off Clacton-on-Sea
and became a total loss.
In 1896 Cory bought the 1,053 GRT coaster SS Nellie Wise, which Denton Gray & Co of West Hartlepool
had built in 1873. On 8th January 1908 while en route from London to the River Tyne
she ran aground on Blackhall Rocks 3 nautical miles (5.6 km) northwest of Hartlepool. She was refloated but sold for scrap.
In 1909 S.P. Austin & Co. built the 2,660 GRT coaster
SS William Cory for the company. She ran aground at Pendeen
in Cornwall
and was wrecked in September 1910.
. In 1914 Cory encouraged its workers to enlist in Kitchener's Army
, and they formed an entire company of the 6th battalion, the Royal East Kent Regiment (The Buffs) as a pals' unit
.
Cory cargo ships sailed usually coastal convoys but sometimes independently. The company lost 15 ships: 13 were confirmed sunk by enemy action, one disappeared and was presumed sunk by enemy action and one was sunk by a collision. 94 seafarers were killed and numerous others were injured.
SS Deptford was a 1,208 GRT collier built by Blyth Shipbuilding & Drydock Co. in 1912. She was a flatiron, meaning that she had a low-profile superstructure, hinged funnel and hinged or telescopic mast to pass under low bridges on the River Thames
upriver form the Pool of London
. On 24th February 1915 she was en route from Granton
to Chatham carrying coal for naval bunkering when she was sunk by a mine
in the Scarborough minefield that the German cruiser had laid during the raid on Scarborough, Hartlepool and Whitby
on 15 December 1914. One crewmember was lost.
SS Hadley was a 1,777 GRT coaster built by S.P. Austin & Co. in 1901. On 27th December 1915 she was en route from Newcastle-upon-Tyne to London when a mine laid by the German minelaying submarine sank her in the north sea three miles (5 km) from the Shipwash lightship
, which is southwest of Orford Ness
. All her crew were saved.
SS Denewood was a 1,221 GRT coaster built by S.P. Austin & Co. in in 1905. On 26 May 1916 she was carrying coal from the River Tyne to London when she was sunk in the North Sea by a mine off Sizewell
. All her crew were saved.
SS Brentwood was a 1,192 GRT collier built by S.P. Austin & Co. in 1904. On 12 January 1917 she was sunk in the North Sea by a mine laid by the German minelaying submarine . She sank off Saltwick Nab near Whitby
with the loss of her second mate
and a fireman (stoker). SS Togston rescued the survivors and landed them at Sunderland.
SS Hurstwood was a 1,229 GRT collier built by S.P. Austin & Co. in 1906. On 5th February 1917 she was steaming from London to Newcastle-upon-Tyne in ballast when the German submarine torpedoed and sank her off Whitby. The chief engineer
and a fireman (stoker) were killed in the explosion and two men were seriously injured. 11 survivors got away in a boat and were rescued by the armed trawler
HMS Swallow but aone of the injured, a donkeyman, died of his injuries.
SS Harberton was a 1,443 GRT collier built by S.P. Austin & Co. in 1894 for J.& C. Harrison of London. On 29 March 1917 she left Blyth for London laden with coal. Neither she nor her master and 15 crew were seen again. She is presumed to have been either torpedoed by an enemy submarine or sunk by an enemy mine. Her date of loss is recorded as 30 March but this is conjectural and her wreck has not yet been found.
SS Sir Francis was a 1,991 GRT collier built by S.P. Austin & Co. in 1910. On 7th June 1917 she was steaming northwards to the River Tyne when the German submarine sank her with two torpedoes off Cloughton
. Her master and nine crew were lost, SS Dryade and the Cory ship SS Vernon (see below) rescued 12 survivors, and the latter landed all the survivors at South Shields
.
SS Vernon was a 982 ton coaster built by John Blumer & Co. of Sunderland in 1878. On 7th June 1917 she took part in the rescue of survivors from the Cory collier SS Sir Francis (see above). On 31 August 1917 in the North Sea
off Spurn
, the German submarine torpedoed and sank Vernon and one of her crew was lost.
SS Hockwold was a 1,492 GRT collier built by S.P. Austin & Co. in 1911. On 8th September 1917 she in the western approaches to the English Channel
when she was involved in a collision with SS Intent southwest of The Lizard
and sank with the loss of 10 men including her master. Intent rescued two survivors and recovered the body of the master.
SS Harrow was a 1,777 GRT coaster built by S.P. Austin & Co. in 1900. On the evening of 8 September 1917 she was in the North Sea steaming from Granton to London with a cargo of coal as part of a convoy. A few miles northwest of North Cheek of Robin Hood's Bay
the German submarine torpedoed her, killing the first mate
and a gunner and sinking her. One of the convoy's armed trawler escorts rescued her remaining crew and transferred them to a motor launch that landed them at Whitby.
SS Ocean was a 1,442 GRT collier built by S.P. Austin & Co. for Lambert Bros. Ltd. of London in 1894 and Cory had subsequently bought from her first owners. On 23 November 1917 the German submarine SM UB-21 torpedoed and sank her in the North Sea off Saltburn-by-the-Sea
. All her complement of 17 crew and two gunners were saved.
SS Highgate was a 1,780 GRT collier built by S.P. Austin & Co. in 1899. On 7 December 1917 she was carrying 2,380 tons of coal from the River Tyne to London when the German Type UB III submarine
torpedoed and sank her about 2.5 miles (4 km) off the South Cheek of Robin Hood's Bay. All 20 crew were rescued by a motor patrol boat and landed at Whitby.
SS The Buffs was a 3,431 GRT collier built by S.P. Austin & Co. in 1917, so named to mark Cory's connection with the regiment. However, in 1920 Cory's renamed the ship SS Corland. She survived the First World War but was sunk in the Second World War (See below).
SS Corsham was a 2,797 GRT cargo ship newly built by S.P. Austin & Co. in 1918. On 8 March 1918 she was steaming from London to the River Tyne
when the German submarine torpedoed and sank her in the North Sea off Loftus
. 12 reached her lifeboat and five were saved from the water by motor patrol boats, but nine men were lost, mostly from hypothermia
or drowning.
SS Crayford was a 1,209 GRT collier built by Blyth Shipbuilding & Drydock Co. in 1911. On 13 March 1918 she was crossing the North Sea from Methil in Scotland to Christiania (now Oslo
) in Norway with a cargo of coke when the German submarine torpedoed and sank her about 110 miles (177 km) off Skudesnes with the loss of the chief engineer.
SS Lady Cory-Wright was a 2,516 GRT collier built by S.P. Austin & Co. in 1906. The War Department requisitioned her for the Royal Fleet Auxiliary
in August 1914 as the mine carrier . On 26 March 1918 she was steaming from Plymouth
to Malta with a cargo of mines when the German submarine torpedoed and sank her about 12 or 14 miles (22.5 km) off The Lizard with the loss of 39 lives. Only one crew member survived.
During the war Cory bought R. and J.H. Rea, which both expanded its tug, barge and coastal
collier
fleets but also gave Cory a presence in the ports of Bristol
and Southampton
. After the war Cory expanded further; buying the Mercantile Lighterage Company in 1920, followed by Mellonie and Goulder of Ipswich and several other companies in 1928.
SS Corbrae was a 1,788 GRT coaster launched in 1935 by the Burntisland Shipbuilding Company
of Fife
. The War Department requisitioned her into the Royal Navy
as the minesweeper HMS Corbrae. After her naval service she was returned to Cory, who in 1948 sold her to new owners who renamed her Kinburn. Burntisland Shipbuilding Co. built a new MV Corbrae for Cory in 1952.
SS Corburn was a 1,786 GRT coaster and Corbraes sister ship
, also launched in 1935 by the Burntisland Shipbuilding Co. The War Department requisitioned her into the Royal Navy
as the minesweeper HMS Corburn. On 21 May 1940 a mine sank Corburn in the English Channel off Le Harvre.
SS Corhaven was a 991 GRT coaster built by S.P. Austin & Co. in 1933. On 26 July 1940 she was in a convoy in the Straits of Dover that was attacked by Junkers Ju 87
dive-bombers. Five ships including Corhaven were sunk and five more were damaged.
SS Corbrook was a 1,729 GRT collier built by Cowpen
Drydock and Shipbuilding of Northumberland
in 1929. She was torpedoed and sunk in the North Sea off Cromer
on 9 September 1940.
SS Corheath was a 1,096 GRT collier built by S.P. Austin & Co. in 1936. On 24th January 1941 she was off the coast of Kent
en route from Portsmouth
to Blyth
when she was sunk by a mine with the loss of three lives.
SS Corduff was a 2,345 GRT coaster built by Swan Hunter in 1923. On 7 March 1941 the S-Boat S-28 attacked and sank her in the North Sea off Mundesley
.
SS Cordene was a 2,345 GRT coaster built by Swan Hunter in 1924 and the sister ship of SS Corduff. On 9 August 1941 enemy aircraft attacked and sank her in the North Sea off Mundesley
.
SS Corfield was a 1,791 GRT coaster built by Burntisland Shipbuilding Co. in 1937. She was commissioned into the Royal Navy
as the minesweeper HMS Corfield. On 8 September 1941 she was sunk in the North Sea by a mine off Saltfleet
.
SS Corhampton was a 2,495 GRT collier built by S.P. Austin & Co. in 1933. On 15 November 1941 she was en route from Hartlepool
to Rochester when German aircraft bombed her in the North Sea about 26 nautical miles (48.2 km) off Spurn
. She sank the following day.
SS Cormarsh was a 2,848 GRT collier built by the Burntisland Shipbuilding Co. in 1939. On 29th November 1941 she was sunk in the North Sea by a mine off Blakeney Point
. Burntisland Shipbuilding Co. launched a replacement Cormarsh in 1943.
SS Cormead was a 2,848 GRT collier built by the Burntisland Shipbuilding Co. in 1939, the sister ship of SS Cormarsh. On Christmas Day 1941 Cormead was sunk in the North Sea by a mine off Hopton-on-Sea
.
SS Corfen was a 1,848 GRT coaster. She was sunk in the North Sea by a mine off Frinton-on-Sea
on 3rd January 1942. Hall, Russell & Company
of Aberdeen
built a replacement SS Corfen in 1944.
SS Corland (formerly SS The Buffs) was bombed and sunk at anchor in the North Sea off Spurn by enemy aircraft on 5 February 1942.
SS Cormount was a 2,841 GRT collier built by Burntisland Shipbuilding Co. in 1936. On 13 November 1943 she was damaged in the North Sea by a mine off Aldeburgh
. She was taken in tow but sank before reaching safety.
built the 2,373 GRT collier SS Hopecrest in 1918. Cory bought her from her original owners in 1919 and renamed her SS Corcrest. On 24 June 1949 she struck a submerged object, ran aground and was wrecked off the mouth of the River Deben
in Suffolk
.
S.P. Austin & Co built the 2,374 GRT collier SS Corchester in 1927. On 19th February 1956 she was en route from London to Hartlepool in rough sea, a blizzard and no visibility off the Haisboro' Light
. The 6,986 Ellerman Lines
cargo ship City of Sidney sliced Corchester in two through no. 1 hold and sank her. Eight of Corchesters crew were lost, of whom six had been in her forecastle
accommodation. Survivors were rescued by another Cory ship, SS Cormull.
By the 1950s Cory was transporting and supplying fuel oil as well as coal. In 1956 Cory started to develop a fleet of barges designed specifically to carry refuse rather than coal. Cory had its own barge-building yard, which produced more than 400 such vessels between 1962 and 1972. Oil-fired central heating grew in popularity such that by 1972 Cory was supplying 216 million USgals (817,649 m³) per year to domestic customers.
In 1972 Ocean Group plc
bought Cory. In 1979 Cory bought Thames and General Lighterage, making Cory the largest waste carrier on the Thames. In the 1980s Cory withdrew from coal and oil distribution to concentrate on waste transport and disposal. In 1981 two Cory group companies were merged to form Cory Waste Management. Cory Environmental Municipal Services Ltd was formed in 1989 and the two companies were merged as Cory Environmental in 1990. In 1997 Cory Environmental grew by buying Local Authority Waste Disposal Companies
from Essex County Council and Gloucestershire County Council. In 1999 Cory bought Parkhill Reclamation, increasing Cory's presence in the West Midlands and North West England.
In 2000 Ocean Group plc
merged with NFC plc to form Exel plc
, which in 2005 sold Cory to Montagu Private Equity. In March 2007 Montagu sold Cory to a consortium of investors consisting of ABN Amro Global Infrastructure Fund
, Finpro SGPS and Santander Private Equity.
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
. Cory operates in more than 30 locations throughout England, providing services in the collection
Waste collection
Waste collection is the component of waste management which results in the passage of a waste material from the source of production to either the point of treatment or final disposal...
, recycling
Recycling
Recycling is processing used materials into new products to prevent waste of potentially useful materials, reduce the consumption of fresh raw materials, reduce energy usage, reduce air pollution and water pollution by reducing the need for "conventional" waste disposal, and lower greenhouse...
and disposal of waste as well as municipal cleansing.
Operations
Cory is one of the UK’s leading waste management companies. It handles more than 3.5 million tonnes of waste and recyclable materials per year at sites across the UK and has contracts for recycling, street cleansing and waste collection stretching from Merseyside to Kent and Cornwall. It may be best known for operating barges on the River Thames from central London out to Cory's Mucking Marshes LandfillMucking Marshes Landfill
Mucking Marshes Landfill is a major landfill site servicing London, close to the hamlet of Mucking. Covering hundreds of acres of former gravel quarry, it is one of the largest landfills in Western Europe and has been filled for decades with municipal and commercial waste floated thirty miles down...
site. About 15% of London’s waste is transferred by barge, removing 100,000 lorry movements per year from London’s roads.
Coal and refuse
The company was founded in LondonLondon
London is the capital city of :England and the :United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom, and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures. Located on the River Thames, London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its...
in 1896 as William Cory and Son Ltd. Cory was formed form the merger of eight companies in the coal trade and had a comprehensive business in transporting and supplying five million tonnes of coal per year to trade and domestic customers in London. Cory had a fleet of 2,500 railway wagons and also operated lighters
Lighter (barge)
A lighter is a type of flat-bottomed barge used to transfer goods and passengers to and from moored ships. Lighters were traditionally unpowered and were moved and steered using long oars called "sweeps," with their motive power provided by water currents...
on the River Thames
River Thames
The River Thames flows through southern England. It is the longest river entirely in England and the second longest in the United Kingdom. While it is best known because its lower reaches flow through central London, the river flows alongside several other towns and cities, including Oxford,...
. Rather than operate its lighters unladen on their return journeys from delivering coal, Cory used them to carry refuse from London to be dumped in the marshlands of Essex and Kent.
After the turn of the 20th century, Cory started to provide social housing
Public housing
Public housing is a form of housing tenure in which the property is owned by a government authority, which may be central or local. Social housing is an umbrella term referring to rental housing which may be owned and managed by the state, by non-profit organizations, or by a combination of the...
for some of its workforce.
Cory ships had brown upper works above hull level. The funnel was black with a broad white band, and a large black diamond on the white band. The house flag was red with a large white or cream diamond in the middle.
In 1900 S.P. Austin & Co of Sunderland
City of Sunderland
The City of Sunderland is a local government district of Tyne and Wear, in North East England, with the status of a city and metropolitan borough...
built the 1,780 GRT
Gross Register Tonnage
Gross register tonnage a ship's total internal volume expressed in "register tons", one of which equals to a volume of . It is calculated from the total permanently enclosed capacity of the vessel. The ship's net register tonnage is obtained by reducing the volume of non-revenue-earning spaces i.e...
coaster
Coastal trading vessel
Coastal trading vessels, also known as coasters, are shallow-hulled ships used for trade between locations on the same island or continent. Their shallow hulls mean that they can get through reefs where deeper-hulled sea-going ships usually cannot....
SS Heston for the company. On 24 May 1902 she was en route from Decido to Rotterdam
Rotterdam
Rotterdam is the second-largest city in the Netherlands and one of the largest ports in the world. Starting as a dam on the Rotte river, Rotterdam has grown into a major international commercial centre...
laden with iron ore when she was involved in a collision with SS Castillo and sank in the Bay of Biscay
Bay of Biscay
The Bay of Biscay is a gulf of the northeast Atlantic Ocean located south of the Celtic Sea. It lies along the western coast of France from Brest south to the Spanish border, and the northern coast of Spain west to Cape Ortegal, and is named in English after the province of Biscay, in the Spanish...
southwest of Point Penmarc'h
Point Penmarc'h
Point Penmarc'h, often spelled Point Penmarch, or in French Pointe de Penmarc'h, is the extremity of a small peninsula in Finistère department in Brittany in northwestern France, and the northern limit of the Bay of Biscay....
in Brittany
Brittany
Brittany is a cultural and administrative region in the north-west of France. Previously a kingdom and then a duchy, Brittany was united to the Kingdom of France in 1532 as a province. Brittany has also been referred to as Less, Lesser or Little Britain...
.
In 1902 S.P. Austin & Co. built the 1,191 GRT collier SS Caenwood for the company. On 21 November 1905 she ran aground and was wrecked in the North Sea off the North Landing of Flamborough Head
Flamborough Head
Flamborough Head is a promontory of on the Yorkshire coast of England, between the Filey and Bridlington bays of the North Sea. It is a chalk headland, and the resistance it offers to coastal erosion may be contrasted with the low coast of Holderness to the south...
.
In 1896 Cory bought the 867 GRT coaster SS F.T. Barry, which Backhouse and Dixon
Sir Raylton Dixon
Sir Raylton Dixon , was a shipbuilder at Middlesbrough on the River Tees. He was one of the seven children of Jeremiah Dixon and Mary Frank of Cockfield, County Durham who were married on 21 July 1833 in St. Cuthberts, Darlington...
of Middlesbrough
Middlesbrough
Middlesbrough is a large town situated on the south bank of the River Tees in north east England, that sits within the ceremonial county of North Yorkshire...
had built in 1872. On 23 June 1906 she was involved in a collision in the North Sea with SS Tynesider, was beached on Gunfleet Sands off Clacton-on-Sea
Clacton-on-Sea
Clacton-on-Sea is the largest town on the Tendring peninsula, in Essex, England and was founded in 1871. It is a seaside resort that attracted many tourists in the summer months between the 1950s and 1970s, but which like many other British sea-side resorts went into decline as a holiday...
and became a total loss.
In 1896 Cory bought the 1,053 GRT coaster SS Nellie Wise, which Denton Gray & Co of West Hartlepool
West Hartlepool
This article refers to the place; for the Rugby Football Club see West Hartlepool R.F.C.West Hartlepool refers to the western part of the what has since the 1960s been known as the borough of Hartlepool in North East England...
had built in 1873. On 8th January 1908 while en route from London to the River Tyne
River Tyne
The River Tyne is a river in North East England in Great Britain. It is formed by the confluence of two rivers: the North Tyne and the South Tyne. These two rivers converge at Warden Rock near Hexham in Northumberland at a place dubbed 'The Meeting of the Waters'.The North Tyne rises on the...
she ran aground on Blackhall Rocks 3 nautical miles (5.6 km) northwest of Hartlepool. She was refloated but sold for scrap.
In 1909 S.P. Austin & Co. built the 2,660 GRT coaster
Coastal trading vessel
Coastal trading vessels, also known as coasters, are shallow-hulled ships used for trade between locations on the same island or continent. Their shallow hulls mean that they can get through reefs where deeper-hulled sea-going ships usually cannot....
SS William Cory for the company. She ran aground at Pendeen
Pendeen
Pendeen is a village on the Penwith peninsula in Cornwall, United Kingdom. It is north-northeast of St Just and west of Penzance.The village has a community centre, a shop, a post office, a primary school, and a few small businesses. Community activities include an art club, silver marching band...
in Cornwall
Cornwall
Cornwall is a unitary authority and ceremonial county of England, within the United Kingdom. It is bordered to the north and west by the Celtic Sea, to the south by the English Channel, and to the east by the county of Devon, over the River Tamar. Cornwall has a population of , and covers an area of...
and was wrecked in September 1910.
First World War
During the First World War the War Department requisitioned most of Cory's tugs for the Royal NavyRoyal Navy
The Royal Navy is the naval warfare service branch of the British Armed Forces. Founded in the 16th century, it is the oldest service branch and is known as the Senior Service...
. In 1914 Cory encouraged its workers to enlist in Kitchener's Army
Kitchener's Army
The New Army, often referred to as Kitchener's Army or, disparagingly, Kitchener's Mob, was an all-volunteer army formed in the United Kingdom following the outbreak of hostilities in the First World War...
, and they formed an entire company of the 6th battalion, the Royal East Kent Regiment (The Buffs) as a pals' unit
Pals battalion
The Pals battalions of World War I were specially constituted units of the British Army comprising men who had enlisted together in local recruiting drives, with the promise that they would be able to serve alongside their friends, neighbours and work colleagues , rather than being arbitrarily...
.
Cory cargo ships sailed usually coastal convoys but sometimes independently. The company lost 15 ships: 13 were confirmed sunk by enemy action, one disappeared and was presumed sunk by enemy action and one was sunk by a collision. 94 seafarers were killed and numerous others were injured.
SS Deptford was a 1,208 GRT collier built by Blyth Shipbuilding & Drydock Co. in 1912. She was a flatiron, meaning that she had a low-profile superstructure, hinged funnel and hinged or telescopic mast to pass under low bridges on the River Thames
River Thames
The River Thames flows through southern England. It is the longest river entirely in England and the second longest in the United Kingdom. While it is best known because its lower reaches flow through central London, the river flows alongside several other towns and cities, including Oxford,...
upriver form the Pool of London
Pool of London
The Pool of London is a part of the Tideway of the River Thames from London Bridge to below Tower Bridge. It was the original part of the Port of London. The Pool of London is divided into two parts, the Upper Pool and Lower Pool...
. On 24th February 1915 she was en route from Granton
Granton, Edinburgh
Granton is a district in the north of Edinburgh, Scotland. Granton forms part of Edinburgh's waterfront along the Firth of Forth and is, historically, an industrial area having a large harbour. Granton is part of Edinburgh's large scale waterfront regeneration programme.-Name:Granton first appears...
to Chatham carrying coal for naval bunkering when she was sunk by a mine
Naval mine
A naval mine is a self-contained explosive device placed in water to destroy surface ships or submarines. Unlike depth charges, mines are deposited and left to wait until they are triggered by the approach of, or contact with, an enemy vessel...
in the Scarborough minefield that the German cruiser had laid during the raid on Scarborough, Hartlepool and Whitby
Raid on Scarborough, Hartlepool and Whitby
The raid on Scarborough, Hartlepool and Whitby, which took place on 16 December 1914, was an attack by the Imperial German Navy on the British seaport towns of Scarborough, Hartlepool, West Hartlepool, and Whitby. The attack resulted in 137 fatalities and 592 casualties, many of which were civilians...
on 15 December 1914. One crewmember was lost.
SS Hadley was a 1,777 GRT coaster built by S.P. Austin & Co. in 1901. On 27th December 1915 she was en route from Newcastle-upon-Tyne to London when a mine laid by the German minelaying submarine sank her in the north sea three miles (5 km) from the Shipwash lightship
Lightvessel
A lightvessel, or lightship, is a ship which acts as a lighthouse. They are used in waters that are too deep or otherwise unsuitable for lighthouse construction...
, which is southwest of Orford Ness
Orford Ness
Orford Ness is a cuspate foreland shingle spit on the Suffolk coast in Great Britain, linked to the mainland at Aldeburgh and stretching along the coast to Orford and down to North Wier Point, opposite Shingle Street. It is divided from the mainland by the River Alde, and was formed by longshore...
. All her crew were saved.
SS Denewood was a 1,221 GRT coaster built by S.P. Austin & Co. in in 1905. On 26 May 1916 she was carrying coal from the River Tyne to London when she was sunk in the North Sea by a mine off Sizewell
Sizewell
Sizewell is a small fishing village with a few holiday homes in the county of Suffolk, England. It is located on the East Anglian coast just north of the larger holiday villages of Thorpeness and Aldeburgh, and two miles from the town of Leiston. It is within the Suffolk Coast and Heaths AONB.The...
. All her crew were saved.
SS Brentwood was a 1,192 GRT collier built by S.P. Austin & Co. in 1904. On 12 January 1917 she was sunk in the North Sea by a mine laid by the German minelaying submarine . She sank off Saltwick Nab near Whitby
Whitby
Whitby is a seaside town, port and civil parish in the Scarborough borough of North Yorkshire, England. Situated on the east coast of Yorkshire at the mouth of the River Esk, Whitby has a combined maritime, mineral and tourist heritage, and is home to the ruins of Whitby Abbey where Caedmon, the...
with the loss of her second mate
Second Mate
A second mate or second officer is a licensed member of the deck department of a merchant ship. The second mate is the third in command and a watchkeeping officer, customarily the ship's navigator. Other duties vary, but the second mate is often the medical officer and in charge of maintaining...
and a fireman (stoker). SS Togston rescued the survivors and landed them at Sunderland.
SS Hurstwood was a 1,229 GRT collier built by S.P. Austin & Co. in 1906. On 5th February 1917 she was steaming from London to Newcastle-upon-Tyne in ballast when the German submarine torpedoed and sank her off Whitby. The chief engineer
Chief Engineer
In marine transportation, the chief engineer is a licensed mariner in charge of the engineering department on a merchant vessel. "Chief engineer" is the official title of someone qualified to oversee the entire engine department; the qualification is colloquially called a "chief's...
and a fireman (stoker) were killed in the explosion and two men were seriously injured. 11 survivors got away in a boat and were rescued by the armed trawler
Naval trawler
A naval trawler is a vessel built along the lines of a fishing trawler but fitted out for naval purposes. Naval trawlers were widely used during the First and Second world wars. Fishing trawlers were particularly suited for many naval requirements because they were robust boats designed to work...
HMS Swallow but aone of the injured, a donkeyman, died of his injuries.
SS Harberton was a 1,443 GRT collier built by S.P. Austin & Co. in 1894 for J.& C. Harrison of London. On 29 March 1917 she left Blyth for London laden with coal. Neither she nor her master and 15 crew were seen again. She is presumed to have been either torpedoed by an enemy submarine or sunk by an enemy mine. Her date of loss is recorded as 30 March but this is conjectural and her wreck has not yet been found.
SS Sir Francis was a 1,991 GRT collier built by S.P. Austin & Co. in 1910. On 7th June 1917 she was steaming northwards to the River Tyne when the German submarine sank her with two torpedoes off Cloughton
Cloughton
Cloughton is a small village and civil parish in the Scarborough district of North Yorkshire, England. It is situated approximately north of Scarborough town centre....
. Her master and nine crew were lost, SS Dryade and the Cory ship SS Vernon (see below) rescued 12 survivors, and the latter landed all the survivors at South Shields
South Shields
South Shields is a coastal town in Tyne and Wear, England, located at the mouth of the River Tyne to Tyne Dock, and about downstream from Newcastle upon Tyne...
.
SS Vernon was a 982 ton coaster built by John Blumer & Co. of Sunderland in 1878. On 7th June 1917 she took part in the rescue of survivors from the Cory collier SS Sir Francis (see above). On 31 August 1917 in the North Sea
North Sea
In the southwest, beyond the Straits of Dover, the North Sea becomes the English Channel connecting to the Atlantic Ocean. In the east, it connects to the Baltic Sea via the Skagerrak and Kattegat, narrow straits that separate Denmark from Norway and Sweden respectively...
off Spurn
Spurn
Spurn Point is a narrow sand spit on the tip of the coast of the East Riding of Yorkshire, England that reaches into the North Sea and forms the north bank of the mouth of the Humber estuary. It is over long, almost half the width of the estuary at that point, and as little as wide in places...
, the German submarine torpedoed and sank Vernon and one of her crew was lost.
SS Hockwold was a 1,492 GRT collier built by S.P. Austin & Co. in 1911. On 8th September 1917 she in the western approaches to the English Channel
English Channel
The English Channel , often referred to simply as the Channel, is an arm of the Atlantic Ocean that separates southern England from northern France, and joins the North Sea to the Atlantic. It is about long and varies in width from at its widest to in the Strait of Dover...
when she was involved in a collision with SS Intent southwest of The Lizard
The Lizard
The Lizard is a peninsula in south Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. The most southerly point of the British mainland is near Lizard Point at ....
and sank with the loss of 10 men including her master. Intent rescued two survivors and recovered the body of the master.
SS Harrow was a 1,777 GRT coaster built by S.P. Austin & Co. in 1900. On the evening of 8 September 1917 she was in the North Sea steaming from Granton to London with a cargo of coal as part of a convoy. A few miles northwest of North Cheek of Robin Hood's Bay
Robin Hood's Bay
Robin Hood’s Bay is a small fishing village and a bay located five miles south of Whitby and 15 miles north of Scarborough on the coast of North Yorkshire, England. Bay Town, its local name, is in the ancient chapelry of Fylingdales in the wapentake of Whitby Strand.-Toponymy:The origin of the name...
the German submarine torpedoed her, killing the first mate
Chief Mate
A Chief Mate or Chief Officer, usually also synonymous with the First Mate or First Officer , is a licensed member and head of the deck department of a merchant ship...
and a gunner and sinking her. One of the convoy's armed trawler escorts rescued her remaining crew and transferred them to a motor launch that landed them at Whitby.
SS Ocean was a 1,442 GRT collier built by S.P. Austin & Co. for Lambert Bros. Ltd. of London in 1894 and Cory had subsequently bought from her first owners. On 23 November 1917 the German submarine SM UB-21 torpedoed and sank her in the North Sea off Saltburn-by-the-Sea
Saltburn-by-the-Sea
Saltburn-by-the-Sea is a seaside resort in the unitary authority of Redcar and Cleveland and the ceremonial county of North Yorkshire, England. The town is around east of Middlesbrough, and had a population of 5,912 at the 2001 Census.-Old Saltburn:...
. All her complement of 17 crew and two gunners were saved.
SS Highgate was a 1,780 GRT collier built by S.P. Austin & Co. in 1899. On 7 December 1917 she was carrying 2,380 tons of coal from the River Tyne to London when the German Type UB III submarine
German type UB III submarine
The Type UB III submarine was a class of U-boat built during World War I by the Kaiserliche Marine.UB III boats carried 10 torpedoes and were armed with one 88 mm deck gun. They carried a crew of 34 and had a cruising range of around 9,000 miles...
torpedoed and sank her about 2.5 miles (4 km) off the South Cheek of Robin Hood's Bay. All 20 crew were rescued by a motor patrol boat and landed at Whitby.
SS The Buffs was a 3,431 GRT collier built by S.P. Austin & Co. in 1917, so named to mark Cory's connection with the regiment. However, in 1920 Cory's renamed the ship SS Corland. She survived the First World War but was sunk in the Second World War (See below).
SS Corsham was a 2,797 GRT cargo ship newly built by S.P. Austin & Co. in 1918. On 8 March 1918 she was steaming from London to the River Tyne
River Tyne
The River Tyne is a river in North East England in Great Britain. It is formed by the confluence of two rivers: the North Tyne and the South Tyne. These two rivers converge at Warden Rock near Hexham in Northumberland at a place dubbed 'The Meeting of the Waters'.The North Tyne rises on the...
when the German submarine torpedoed and sank her in the North Sea off Loftus
Loftus, North Yorkshire
Loftus is a town and civil parish in the unitary authority of Redcar and Cleveland and the ceremonial county of North Yorkshire, England. It lies in a region between Saltburn-by-the-Sea and the North York Moors...
. 12 reached her lifeboat and five were saved from the water by motor patrol boats, but nine men were lost, mostly from hypothermia
Hypothermia
Hypothermia is a condition in which core temperature drops below the required temperature for normal metabolism and body functions which is defined as . Body temperature is usually maintained near a constant level of through biologic homeostasis or thermoregulation...
or drowning.
SS Crayford was a 1,209 GRT collier built by Blyth Shipbuilding & Drydock Co. in 1911. On 13 March 1918 she was crossing the North Sea from Methil in Scotland to Christiania (now Oslo
Oslo
Oslo is a municipality, as well as the capital and most populous city in Norway. As a municipality , it was established on 1 January 1838. Founded around 1048 by King Harald III of Norway, the city was largely destroyed by fire in 1624. The city was moved under the reign of Denmark–Norway's King...
) in Norway with a cargo of coke when the German submarine torpedoed and sank her about 110 miles (177 km) off Skudesnes with the loss of the chief engineer.
SS Lady Cory-Wright was a 2,516 GRT collier built by S.P. Austin & Co. in 1906. The War Department requisitioned her for the Royal Fleet Auxiliary
Royal Fleet Auxiliary
The Royal Fleet Auxiliary is a civilian-manned fleet owned by the British Ministry of Defence. The RFA enables ships of the United Kingdom Royal Navy to maintain operations around the world. Its primary role is to supply the Royal Navy with fuel, ammunition and supplies, normally by replenishment...
in August 1914 as the mine carrier . On 26 March 1918 she was steaming from Plymouth
Plymouth
Plymouth is a city and unitary authority area on the coast of Devon, England, about south-west of London. It is built between the mouths of the rivers Plym to the east and Tamar to the west, where they join Plymouth Sound...
to Malta with a cargo of mines when the German submarine torpedoed and sank her about 12 or 14 miles (22.5 km) off The Lizard with the loss of 39 lives. Only one crew member survived.
During the war Cory bought R. and J.H. Rea, which both expanded its tug, barge and coastal
Coastal trading vessel
Coastal trading vessels, also known as coasters, are shallow-hulled ships used for trade between locations on the same island or continent. Their shallow hulls mean that they can get through reefs where deeper-hulled sea-going ships usually cannot....
collier
Collier (ship type)
Collier is a historical term used to describe a bulk cargo ship designed to carry coal, especially for naval use by coal-fired warships. In the late 18th century a number of wooden-hulled sailing colliers gained fame after being adapted for use in voyages of exploration in the South Pacific, for...
fleets but also gave Cory a presence in the ports of Bristol
Port of Bristol
The Port of Bristol comprises the commercial, and former commercial, docks situated in and near the city of Bristol in England. The Port of Bristol Authority was the commercial title of the Bristol City, Avonmouth, Portishead and Royal Portbury Docks when they were operated by Bristol City Council,...
and Southampton
Port of Southampton
The Port of Southampton is a major passenger and cargo port located in the central part of the south coast of England. It benefits from shelter provided by the Isle of Wight and Southampton Water, unique "double tides" and close proximity to the motorway and rail networks...
. After the war Cory expanded further; buying the Mercantile Lighterage Company in 1920, followed by Mellonie and Goulder of Ipswich and several other companies in 1928.
Second World War
In the Second World War fuel supplies were vital to the war effort. Cory colliers sailed in coastal convoys and 13 of them were lost.SS Corbrae was a 1,788 GRT coaster launched in 1935 by the Burntisland Shipbuilding Company
Burntisland Shipbuilding Company
The Burntisland Shipbuilding Company was a shibuilder and repairer in Burntisland, Fife, Scotland that traded from 1918 until 1969.-Founding and early years:...
of Fife
Fife
Fife is a council area and former county of Scotland. It is situated between the Firth of Tay and the Firth of Forth, with inland boundaries to Perth and Kinross and Clackmannanshire...
. The War Department requisitioned her into the Royal Navy
Royal Navy
The Royal Navy is the naval warfare service branch of the British Armed Forces. Founded in the 16th century, it is the oldest service branch and is known as the Senior Service...
as the minesweeper HMS Corbrae. After her naval service she was returned to Cory, who in 1948 sold her to new owners who renamed her Kinburn. Burntisland Shipbuilding Co. built a new MV Corbrae for Cory in 1952.
SS Corburn was a 1,786 GRT coaster and Corbraes sister ship
Sister ship
A sister ship is a ship of the same class as, or of virtually identical design to, another ship. Such vessels share a near-identical hull and superstructure layout, similar displacement, and roughly comparable features and equipment...
, also launched in 1935 by the Burntisland Shipbuilding Co. The War Department requisitioned her into the Royal Navy
Royal Navy
The Royal Navy is the naval warfare service branch of the British Armed Forces. Founded in the 16th century, it is the oldest service branch and is known as the Senior Service...
as the minesweeper HMS Corburn. On 21 May 1940 a mine sank Corburn in the English Channel off Le Harvre.
SS Corhaven was a 991 GRT coaster built by S.P. Austin & Co. in 1933. On 26 July 1940 she was in a convoy in the Straits of Dover that was attacked by Junkers Ju 87
Junkers Ju 87
The Junkers Ju 87 or Stuka was a two-man German ground-attack aircraft...
dive-bombers. Five ships including Corhaven were sunk and five more were damaged.
SS Corbrook was a 1,729 GRT collier built by Cowpen
Cowpen
Cowpen is a place in Northumberland, in England. It is situated to the west of Blyth and just east of the A19 Road.It is believed that the name comes from the Dutch meaning to cut "couperen" which may refer to the fact it was a barter town, and not a pen for cows.The quaint English town has...
Drydock and Shipbuilding of Northumberland
Northumberland
Northumberland is the northernmost ceremonial county and a unitary district in North East England. For Eurostat purposes Northumberland is a NUTS 3 region and is one of three boroughs or unitary districts that comprise the "Northumberland and Tyne and Wear" NUTS 2 region...
in 1929. She was torpedoed and sunk in the North Sea off Cromer
Cromer
Cromer is a coastal town and civil parish in north Norfolk, England. The local government authority is North Norfolk District Council, whose headquarters is in Holt Road in the town. The town is situated 23 miles north of the county town, Norwich, and is 4 miles east of Sheringham...
on 9 September 1940.
SS Corheath was a 1,096 GRT collier built by S.P. Austin & Co. in 1936. On 24th January 1941 she was off the coast of Kent
Kent
Kent is a county in southeast England, and is one of the home counties. It borders East Sussex, Surrey and Greater London and has a defined boundary with Essex in the middle of the Thames Estuary. The ceremonial county boundaries of Kent include the shire county of Kent and the unitary borough of...
en route from Portsmouth
Portsmouth
Portsmouth is the second largest city in the ceremonial county of Hampshire on the south coast of England. Portsmouth is notable for being the United Kingdom's only island city; it is located mainly on Portsea Island...
to Blyth
Blyth
- Places :Australia* Blyth, South Australia, a small townCanada* Blyth, Ontario, a villageUnited Kingdom* Blyth, Northumberland, a town* Blyth, Nottinghamshire, a village* Blyth, Suffolk, a village* River Blyth, Northumberland* River Blyth, Suffolk...
when she was sunk by a mine with the loss of three lives.
SS Corduff was a 2,345 GRT coaster built by Swan Hunter in 1923. On 7 March 1941 the S-Boat S-28 attacked and sank her in the North Sea off Mundesley
Mundesley
Mundesley is a coastal village and a civil parish in the English county of Norfolk. The village is 20.3 miles north-north east of Norwich, 7.3 miles south east of Cromer and 136 miles north east of London. The village lies 5.6 miles north-north east of the town of North Walsham. The nearest...
.
SS Cordene was a 2,345 GRT coaster built by Swan Hunter in 1924 and the sister ship of SS Corduff. On 9 August 1941 enemy aircraft attacked and sank her in the North Sea off Mundesley
Mundesley
Mundesley is a coastal village and a civil parish in the English county of Norfolk. The village is 20.3 miles north-north east of Norwich, 7.3 miles south east of Cromer and 136 miles north east of London. The village lies 5.6 miles north-north east of the town of North Walsham. The nearest...
.
SS Corfield was a 1,791 GRT coaster built by Burntisland Shipbuilding Co. in 1937. She was commissioned into the Royal Navy
Royal Navy
The Royal Navy is the naval warfare service branch of the British Armed Forces. Founded in the 16th century, it is the oldest service branch and is known as the Senior Service...
as the minesweeper HMS Corfield. On 8 September 1941 she was sunk in the North Sea by a mine off Saltfleet
Saltfleet
Saltfleet is a coastal village in the county of Lincolnshire, England. Situated approximately north of Mablethorpe and east of Louth. The village is part of the civil parish of Skidbrooke with Saltfleet Haven, which had a population of 523 at the 2001 Census.Saltfleet has a 19th century...
.
SS Corhampton was a 2,495 GRT collier built by S.P. Austin & Co. in 1933. On 15 November 1941 she was en route from Hartlepool
Hartlepool
Hartlepool is a town and port in North East England.It was founded in the 7th century AD, around the Northumbrian monastery of Hartlepool Abbey. The village grew during the Middle Ages and developed a harbour which served as the official port of the County Palatine of Durham. A railway link from...
to Rochester when German aircraft bombed her in the North Sea about 26 nautical miles (48.2 km) off Spurn
Spurn
Spurn Point is a narrow sand spit on the tip of the coast of the East Riding of Yorkshire, England that reaches into the North Sea and forms the north bank of the mouth of the Humber estuary. It is over long, almost half the width of the estuary at that point, and as little as wide in places...
. She sank the following day.
SS Cormarsh was a 2,848 GRT collier built by the Burntisland Shipbuilding Co. in 1939. On 29th November 1941 she was sunk in the North Sea by a mine off Blakeney Point
Blakeney Point
Blakeney Point is a shingle spit on the coast of North Norfolk north of the village of Blakeney in the English county of Norfolk. It is managed by the National Trust as part of its Blakeney National Nature Reserve and within the Norfolk Coast Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty.-Description:Blakeney...
. Burntisland Shipbuilding Co. launched a replacement Cormarsh in 1943.
SS Cormead was a 2,848 GRT collier built by the Burntisland Shipbuilding Co. in 1939, the sister ship of SS Cormarsh. On Christmas Day 1941 Cormead was sunk in the North Sea by a mine off Hopton-on-Sea
Hopton-on-Sea
Hopton-on-Sea should not be confused with the village of Hopton which is still in Suffolk but near to the Norfolk town of Diss.There is also a British Holidays Caravan Park, named Hopton Holiday Village. There is also a Hopton near Wirksworth in Derbyshire...
.
SS Corfen was a 1,848 GRT coaster. She was sunk in the North Sea by a mine off Frinton-on-Sea
Frinton-on-Sea
Frinton-on-Sea is a small seaside town in the Tendring District of Essex, England. It is part of the Parish of Frinton and Walton.-History:...
on 3rd January 1942. Hall, Russell & Company
Hall, Russell & Company
Hall, Russell & Company, Limited was a shipbuilder based in Aberdeen, Scotland, UK-History:Brothers James and William Hall, Thomas Russell, a Glasgow engineer, and James Cardno Couper founded the company in 1864 to build steam engines and boilers. In 1867 the company built its first ship, the Kwang...
of Aberdeen
Aberdeen
Aberdeen is Scotland's third most populous city, one of Scotland's 32 local government council areas and the United Kingdom's 25th most populous city, with an official population estimate of ....
built a replacement SS Corfen in 1944.
SS Corland (formerly SS The Buffs) was bombed and sunk at anchor in the North Sea off Spurn by enemy aircraft on 5 February 1942.
SS Cormount was a 2,841 GRT collier built by Burntisland Shipbuilding Co. in 1936. On 13 November 1943 she was damaged in the North Sea by a mine off Aldeburgh
Aldeburgh
Aldeburgh is a coastal town in Suffolk, East Anglia, England. Located on the River Alde, the town is notable for its Blue Flag shingle beach and fisherman huts where freshly caught fish are sold daily, and the Aldeburgh Yacht Club...
. She was taken in tow but sank before reaching safety.
Cory since 1945
The Second World War was not the end of Cory's losses at sea. Swan HunterSwan Hunter
Swan Hunter, formerly known as "Swan Hunter & Wigham Richardson", was one of the best known shipbuilding companies in the world. Based in Wallsend, Tyne and Wear, the company was responsible for some of the greatest ships of the early 20th century — most famously, the RMS Mauretania which...
built the 2,373 GRT collier SS Hopecrest in 1918. Cory bought her from her original owners in 1919 and renamed her SS Corcrest. On 24 June 1949 she struck a submerged object, ran aground and was wrecked off the mouth of the River Deben
River Deben
The River Deben is a river in Suffolk rising in Debenham -to be precise it has two main sources but the others are mostly fields runoff then , passes through Woodbridge, turning into a tidal estuary before entering the North Sea at Felixstowe Ferry...
in Suffolk
Suffolk
Suffolk is a non-metropolitan county of historic origin in East Anglia, England. It has borders with Norfolk to the north, Cambridgeshire to the west and Essex to the south. The North Sea lies to the east...
.
S.P. Austin & Co built the 2,374 GRT collier SS Corchester in 1927. On 19th February 1956 she was en route from London to Hartlepool in rough sea, a blizzard and no visibility off the Haisboro' Light
Happisburgh Lighthouse
Happisburgh Lighthouse in Happisburgh on the North Norfolk coast is the only independently operated lighthouse in Great Britain. It is also the oldest working lighthouse in East Anglia....
. The 6,986 Ellerman Lines
Ellerman Lines
Ellerman Lines was a cargo and passenger shipping company that operated from the late nineteenth century and into the twentieth century. It was founded in the late nineteenth century, and continued to expand with the acquisition of smaller shipping lines until it became one of the largest shipping...
cargo ship City of Sidney sliced Corchester in two through no. 1 hold and sank her. Eight of Corchesters crew were lost, of whom six had been in her forecastle
Forecastle
Forecastle refers to the upper deck of a sailing ship forward of the foremast, or the forward part of a ship with the sailors' living quarters...
accommodation. Survivors were rescued by another Cory ship, SS Cormull.
By the 1950s Cory was transporting and supplying fuel oil as well as coal. In 1956 Cory started to develop a fleet of barges designed specifically to carry refuse rather than coal. Cory had its own barge-building yard, which produced more than 400 such vessels between 1962 and 1972. Oil-fired central heating grew in popularity such that by 1972 Cory was supplying 216 million USgals (817,649 m³) per year to domestic customers.
In 1972 Ocean Group plc
Ocean Group plc
Ocean Group plc was a major British transport business. It was listed on the London Stock Exchange and was a constituent of the FTSE 250 Index.-History:...
bought Cory. In 1979 Cory bought Thames and General Lighterage, making Cory the largest waste carrier on the Thames. In the 1980s Cory withdrew from coal and oil distribution to concentrate on waste transport and disposal. In 1981 two Cory group companies were merged to form Cory Waste Management. Cory Environmental Municipal Services Ltd was formed in 1989 and the two companies were merged as Cory Environmental in 1990. In 1997 Cory Environmental grew by buying Local Authority Waste Disposal Companies
LAWDC
A LAWDC is an acronym for a local authority waste disposal company These companies were created in the UK as arms length waste management operators when the waste management industry was privatised...
from Essex County Council and Gloucestershire County Council. In 1999 Cory bought Parkhill Reclamation, increasing Cory's presence in the West Midlands and North West England.
In 2000 Ocean Group plc
Ocean Group plc
Ocean Group plc was a major British transport business. It was listed on the London Stock Exchange and was a constituent of the FTSE 250 Index.-History:...
merged with NFC plc to form Exel plc
Exel
DHL Supply Chain is a division of Deutsche Post providing contract logistics and value-added services.- History :On 14 December 2005 Deutsche Post announced the completion of the acquisition of Exel plc, becoming the global No. 1 in air freight, ocean freight and contract logistics...
, which in 2005 sold Cory to Montagu Private Equity. In March 2007 Montagu sold Cory to a consortium of investors consisting of ABN Amro Global Infrastructure Fund
ABN AMRO
ABN AMRO Bank N.V. is a Dutch state-owned bank with headquarters in Amsterdam. It was re-established, in its current form, in 2009 following the acquisition and break up of ABN AMRO Group by a banking consortium consisting of Royal Bank of Scotland Group, Santander and Fortis...
, Finpro SGPS and Santander Private Equity.
See also
- Belvedere IncineratorBelvedere IncineratorThe Belvedere Incinerator is an incineration facility under construction in Bexley managing waste from the Western Riverside Waste Authority and other local authorities in London with a capacity of 575,000 tonnes waste per annum. A plant processing twice the waste capacity was initially proposed 15...
- List of waste management companies
- Waste managementWaste managementWaste management is the collection, transport, processing or disposal,managing and monitoring of waste materials. The term usually relates to materials produced by human activity, and the process is generally undertaken to reduce their effect on health, the environment or aesthetics...