Codex Vaticanus 2066
Encyclopedia
Codex Vaticanus 2066, designed by 046 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), α 1070 (von Soden), formerly it was known also as Codex Basilianus, previously it was designated by Br or B2. It is a Greek uncial
manuscript
of the New Testament
written on vellum
. The manuscript Paleographically
has been assigned to the 10th century by the INTF
, though some palaeographers proposed the 9th century. Scrivener
proposed even the 8th century.
with much non-biblical material (homilies of Basil the Great
, Gregory of Nyssa
and others) on 20 parchment leaves (27.5 cm by 19 cm).
The text is written in one column per page, 35 lines per page, in about 36 letters per line. The uncial letter of the codex are written in a peculiar form with special attention. "The uncials being of a peculiar kind, leaning a little to the right; they hold a sort of middle place between square and oblong characters.... The breathings and accents are primâ manu, and pretty correct..."
is a representative of the Byzantine text-type
, in a close relationship to the minuscules 61
and 69
. Aland
placed it in Category V.
Uncial 046 is the earliest manuscript represented the main Byzantine group ("a").
Some textual variants:
.
According to Scrivener it was written in the 8th century.
The text of the codex was published by a Cardinal Angelo Mai
in 1859 in Rome. It was examined by Tischendorf and Tregelles
.
The codex is located now in the Vatican Library
(Gr. 2066) in Rome
.
Uncial
Uncial is a majuscule script commonly used from the 3rd to 8th centuries AD by Latin and Greek scribes. Uncial letters are written in either Greek, Latin, or Gothic.-Development:...
manuscript
Manuscript
A manuscript or handwrite is written information that has been manually created by someone or some people, such as a hand-written letter, as opposed to being printed or reproduced some other way...
of the New Testament
New Testament
The New Testament is the second major division of the Christian biblical canon, the first such division being the much longer Old Testament....
written on vellum
Vellum
Vellum is mammal skin prepared for writing or printing on, to produce single pages, scrolls, codices or books. It is generally smooth and durable, although there are great variations depending on preparation, the quality of the skin and the type of animal used...
. The manuscript Paleographically
Palaeography
Palaeography, also spelt paleography is the study of ancient writing. Included in the discipline is the practice of deciphering, reading, and dating historical manuscripts, and the cultural context of writing, including the methods with which writing and books were produced, and the history of...
has been assigned to the 10th century by the INTF
Institute for New Testament Textual Research
The Institute for New Testament Textual Research at the University of Münster, Westphalia, Germany, is an institute for the investigation of the text of the New Testament. The INTF was founded in Münster in 1959 by Professor Kurt Aland , the first director of the Institute...
, though some palaeographers proposed the 9th century. Scrivener
Frederick Henry Ambrose Scrivener
The Reverend Frederick Henry Ambrose Scrivener, LL.D. was an important text critic of the New Testament and a member of the English New Testament Revision Committee which produced the Revised Version of the Bible...
proposed even the 8th century.
Description
The codex contains the complete text of the Book of RevelationBook of Revelation
The Book of Revelation is the final book of the New Testament. The title came into usage from the first word of the book in Koine Greek: apokalupsis, meaning "unveiling" or "revelation"...
with much non-biblical material (homilies of Basil the Great
Basil of Caesarea
Basil of Caesarea, also called Saint Basil the Great, was the bishop of Caesarea Mazaca in Cappadocia, Asia Minor . He was an influential 4th century Christian theologian...
, Gregory of Nyssa
Gregory of Nyssa
St. Gregory of Nyssa was a Christian bishop and saint. He was a younger brother of Basil the Great and a good friend of Gregory of Nazianzus. His significance has long been recognized in the Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox, Eastern Catholic and Roman Catholic branches of Christianity...
and others) on 20 parchment leaves (27.5 cm by 19 cm).
The text is written in one column per page, 35 lines per page, in about 36 letters per line. The uncial letter of the codex are written in a peculiar form with special attention. "The uncials being of a peculiar kind, leaning a little to the right; they hold a sort of middle place between square and oblong characters.... The breathings and accents are primâ manu, and pretty correct..."
Text
The Greek text of this codexCodex
A codex is a book in the format used for modern books, with multiple quires or gatherings typically bound together and given a cover.Developed by the Romans from wooden writing tablets, its gradual replacement...
is a representative of the Byzantine text-type
Byzantine text-type
The Byzantine text-type is one of several text-types used in textual criticism to describe the textual character of Greek New Testament manuscripts. It is the form found in the largest number of surviving manuscripts, though not in the oldest...
, in a close relationship to the minuscules 61
Minuscule 61
Codex Montfortianus designated by 61 , and known as minuscule 61, Erasmus named it Codex Britannicus, is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament on paper. It is dated to the early 16th century, though a 15th century date is possible on palaeographic grounds.The manuscript is famous for...
and 69
Minuscule 69
Minuscule 69 , δ 505 , known as Codex Leicester, or Codex Leicestrensis, is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament on paper and parchment leaves. The manuscript palaeographically has been assigned to the 15th century. Some leaves of the codex were lost. The text-type is eclectic...
. Aland
Kurt Aland
Kurt Aland was a German Theologian and Professor of New Testament Research and Church History. He founded the Institut für neutestamentliche Textforschung in Münster and served as its first director for many years...
placed it in Category V.
Uncial 046 is the earliest manuscript represented the main Byzantine group ("a").
Some textual variants:
- Rev 1:5
- λυσαντι ημας εκ (freed us from) — P18, אcCodex SinaiticusCodex Sinaiticus is one of the four great uncial codices, an ancient, handwritten copy of the Greek Bible. It is an Alexandrian text-type manuscript written in the 4th century in uncial letters on parchment. Current scholarship considers the Codex Sinaiticus to be one of the best Greek texts of...
, ACodex AlexandrinusThe Codex Alexandrinus is a 5th century manuscript of the Greek Bible,The Greek Bible in this context refers to the Bible used by Greek-speaking Christians who lived in Egypt and elsewhere during the early history of Christianity...
, C, 2020, 2081, 2814Minuscule 2814Minuscule 2814 , Aν20 . Formerly it was labelled as 1rK in all catalogues, but it was renumbered as a 2814 by Aland. It is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, dated palaeographically to the 12th century.... - λουσαντι ημας απο (washed us from) — PCodex PorphyrianusCodex Porphyrianus designated by Papr or 025 , α 3 , is a Greek uncial manuscript of the Acts of Apostles, Pauline epistles, and General epistles, with some lacunae, dated paleographically to the 9th century. It is one of a few uncial manuscripts that include the Book of Revelation.It was...
, 046, 94Minuscule 94Minuscule 94 , O31 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment and paper, dated to the 12th or 13th century...
, 1006, 1859, 2042, 2065, 2073, 2138, 2432
- Rev 1:6
- βασιλειαν (kingdom) — א A 046 1854 2050 2351
- βασιλεις (kings) — P, ByzA
- Rev 8:8
- ορος μεγα καιομενον
- Rev 22:14
- ποιουντες τας εντολας αυτου (those who do His commandments) — 046, 94, 1611, 1854, 1859, 2042, 2065, 2073, 2138, 2432, 2814
- πλυνοντες τας στολας αυτων (those who wash their robes) — אCodex SinaiticusCodex Sinaiticus is one of the four great uncial codices, an ancient, handwritten copy of the Greek Bible. It is an Alexandrian text-type manuscript written in the 4th century in uncial letters on parchment. Current scholarship considers the Codex Sinaiticus to be one of the best Greek texts of...
, ACodex AlexandrinusThe Codex Alexandrinus is a 5th century manuscript of the Greek Bible,The Greek Bible in this context refers to the Bible used by Greek-speaking Christians who lived in Egypt and elsewhere during the early history of Christianity...
, 1006, 2020, 2053Minuscule 2053Minuscule 2053 , Oα31 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on 138 parchment leaves . Paleografically it has been assigned to the 13th century.- Description :...
History
The manuscript once belonged to Philippo Vitali (1590–1653). It was described by BianchiniGiuseppe Bianchini
Giuseppe Bianchini was an Italian Oratorian, biblical, historical, and liturgical scholar. Clement XII and Benedict XIV, who highly appreciated his learning, entrusted him with several scientific labors...
.
According to Scrivener it was written in the 8th century.
The text of the codex was published by a Cardinal Angelo Mai
Angelo Mai
Angelo Mai was an Italian Cardinal and philologist. He won a European reputation for publishing for the first time a series of previously unknown ancient texts. These he was able to discover and publish, first while in charge of the Biblioteca Ambrosiana in Milan and then in the same role at the...
in 1859 in Rome. It was examined by Tischendorf and Tregelles
Samuel Prideaux Tregelles
Samuel Prideaux Tregelles was an English biblical scholar, textual critic, and theologian.- Life :Tregelles was born at Wodehouse Place, Falmouth, of Quaker parents, but he himself for many years was in communion with the Plymouth Brethren and then later in life became a Presbyterian...
.
The codex is located now in the Vatican Library
Vatican Library
The Vatican Library is the library of the Holy See, currently located in Vatican City. It is one of the oldest libraries in the world and contains one of the most significant collections of historical texts. Formally established in 1475, though in fact much older, it has 75,000 codices from...
(Gr. 2066) in Rome
Rome
Rome is the capital of Italy and the country's largest and most populated city and comune, with over 2.7 million residents in . The city is located in the central-western portion of the Italian Peninsula, on the Tiber River within the Lazio region of Italy.Rome's history spans two and a half...
.
See also
- List of New Testament uncials
- Textual criticismTextual criticismTextual criticism is a branch of literary criticism that is concerned with the identification and removal of transcription errors in the texts of manuscripts...
- Codex Vaticanus 2061Codex Vaticanus 2061Codex Vaticanus Graecus 2061, usually known as Uncial 048 , α1 , is a Greek uncial manuscript on parchment. It contains some parts of the New Testament, homilies of several authors, and Strabo's Geographica...
Further reading
- Constantin von TischendorfConstantin von TischendorfLobegott Friedrich Constantin Tischendorf was a noted German Biblical scholar. He deciphered the Codex Ephraemi Rescriptus, a 5th century Greek manuscript of the New Testament, in the 1840s, and rediscovered the Codex Sinaiticus, a 4th century New Testament manuscript, in 1859.Tischendorf...
, Monumenta sacra inedita (Leipzig 1846), pp. 407–431. - Angelo MaiAngelo MaiAngelo Mai was an Italian Cardinal and philologist. He won a European reputation for publishing for the first time a series of previously unknown ancient texts. These he was able to discover and publish, first while in charge of the Biblioteca Ambrosiana in Milan and then in the same role at the...
, Novum Testamentum Graece ex antiquissimo Codice Vaticano (Rome, 1859). - Giuseppe Cozza-LuziGiuseppe Cozza-LuziGiuseppe Cozza-Luzi was an Italian savant, Abbot of the Basilian monastery of Grottaferrata near Rome.-Biography:...
, Ad editionem Apocalypseos s. Johannis… Lipsiae anno 1869 evulgatam animadversionesa (Rome, 1869). - Pierre BatiffolPierre BatiffolPierre Batiffol was a prominent French catholic priest and Church historian, known particularly as a historian of dogma....
, "L'Abbaye de Rossano" (Paris, 1891), pp. 63. - C. R. Gregory, Textkritik des Neuen Testamentes III (Leipzig: 1909), pp. 1046–1047.
External links
- Codex Vaticanus 2066 (Uncial 046): at the Encyclopedia of Textual Criticism