Zodarion
Encyclopedia
Zodarion is a genus of ant
-eating spider
s from the Zodariidae family. 116 species from Eurasia
and North Africa
have been described to date.
Ant
Ants are social insects of the family Formicidae and, along with the related wasps and bees, belong to the order Hymenoptera. Ants evolved from wasp-like ancestors in the mid-Cretaceous period between 110 and 130 million years ago and diversified after the rise of flowering plants. More than...
-eating spider
Spider
Spiders are air-breathing arthropods that have eight legs, and chelicerae with fangs that inject venom. They are the largest order of arachnids and rank seventh in total species diversity among all other groups of organisms...
s from the Zodariidae family. 116 species from Eurasia
Eurasia
Eurasia is a continent or supercontinent comprising the traditional continents of Europe and Asia ; covering about 52,990,000 km2 or about 10.6% of the Earth's surface located primarily in the eastern and northern hemispheres...
and North Africa
North Africa
North Africa or Northern Africa is the northernmost region of the African continent, linked by the Sahara to Sub-Saharan Africa. Geopolitically, the United Nations definition of Northern Africa includes eight countries or territories; Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, South Sudan, Sudan, Tunisia, and...
have been described to date.
Species
- Zodarion abantense Wunderlich, 1980 (TurkeyTurkeyTurkey , known officially as the Republic of Turkey , is a Eurasian country located in Western Asia and in East Thrace in Southeastern Europe...
, GeorgiaGeorgia (country)Georgia is a sovereign state in the Caucasus region of Eurasia. Located at the crossroads of Western Asia and Eastern Europe, it is bounded to the west by the Black Sea, to the north by Russia, to the southwest by Turkey, to the south by Armenia, and to the southeast by Azerbaijan. The capital of...
, RussiaRussiaRussia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
) - Zodarion abnorme Denis, 1952 (MoroccoMoroccoMorocco , officially the Kingdom of Morocco , is a country located in North Africa. It has a population of more than 32 million and an area of 710,850 km², and also primarily administers the disputed region of the Western Sahara...
) - Zodarion aculeatum Chyzer, 1897 (BulgariaBulgariaBulgaria , officially the Republic of Bulgaria , is a parliamentary democracy within a unitary constitutional republic in Southeast Europe. The country borders Romania to the north, Serbia and Macedonia to the west, Greece and Turkey to the south, as well as the Black Sea to the east...
, SerbiaSerbiaSerbia , officially the Republic of Serbia , is a landlocked country located at the crossroads of Central and Southeast Europe, covering the southern part of the Carpathian basin and the central part of the Balkans...
, Republic of MacedoniaRepublic of MacedoniaMacedonia , officially the Republic of Macedonia , is a country located in the central Balkan peninsula in Southeast Europe. It is one of the successor states of the former Yugoslavia, from which it declared independence in 1991...
) - Zodarion aegaeum Denis, 1935 (GreeceGreeceGreece , officially the Hellenic Republic , and historically Hellas or the Republic of Greece in English, is a country in southeastern Europe....
) - Zodarion aerium Simon, 1890 (YemenYemenThe Republic of Yemen , commonly known as Yemen , is a country located in the Middle East, occupying the southwestern to southern end of the Arabian Peninsula. It is bordered by Saudi Arabia to the north, the Red Sea to the west, and Oman to the east....
) - Zodarion affine (Simon, 1870) (SpainSpainSpain , officially the Kingdom of Spain languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Spain's official name is as follows:;;;;;;), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula...
) - Zodarion alacre (Simon, 1870) (PortugalPortugalPortugal , officially the Portuguese Republic is a country situated in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Portugal is the westernmost country of Europe, and is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the West and South and by Spain to the North and East. The Atlantic archipelagos of the...
, Spain) - Zodarion algarvense Bosmans, 1994 (Portugal)
- Zodarion algiricum (Lucas, 1846) (Spain, SicilySicilySicily is a region of Italy, and is the largest island in the Mediterranean Sea. Along with the surrounding minor islands, it constitutes an autonomous region of Italy, the Regione Autonoma Siciliana Sicily has a rich and unique culture, especially with regard to the arts, music, literature,...
, Morocco, AlgeriaAlgeriaAlgeria , officially the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria , also formally referred to as the Democratic and Popular Republic of Algeria, is a country in the Maghreb region of Northwest Africa with Algiers as its capital.In terms of land area, it is the largest country in Africa and the Arab...
) - Zodarion andalusiacum Jocqué, 1991 (Spain)
- Zodarion atlanticum Pekár & Cardoso, 2005 (Portugal, AzoresAzoresThe Archipelago of the Azores is composed of nine volcanic islands situated in the middle of the North Atlantic Ocean, and is located about west from Lisbon and about east from the east coast of North America. The islands, and their economic exclusion zone, form the Autonomous Region of the...
) - Zodarion atriceps (O. P.-Cambridge, 1872) (LebanonLebanonLebanon , officially the Republic of LebanonRepublic of Lebanon is the most common term used by Lebanese government agencies. The term Lebanese Republic, a literal translation of the official Arabic and French names that is not used in today's world. Arabic is the most common language spoken among...
) - Zodarion attikaense Wunderlich, 1980 (Greece)
- Zodarion aurorae Weiss, 1982 (RomaniaRomaniaRomania is a country located at the crossroads of Central and Southeastern Europe, on the Lower Danube, within and outside the Carpathian arch, bordering on the Black Sea...
) - Zodarion bacelarae Pekár, 2003 (Portugal)
- Zodarion bactrianum Kroneberg, 1875 (Central AsiaCentral AsiaCentral Asia is a core region of the Asian continent from the Caspian Sea in the west, China in the east, Afghanistan in the south, and Russia in the north...
) - Zodarion beticum Denis, 1957 (Spain)
- Zodarion bicoloripes (Denis, 1959) (Algeria)
- Zodarion bosmansi Pekár & Cardoso, 2005 (Portugal)
- Zodarion buettikeri (Ono & Jocqué, 1986) (Saudi ArabiaSaudi ArabiaThe Kingdom of Saudi Arabia , commonly known in British English as Saudi Arabia and in Arabic as as-Sa‘ūdiyyah , is the largest state in Western Asia by land area, constituting the bulk of the Arabian Peninsula, and the second-largest in the Arab World...
) - Zodarion caporiaccoi Roewer, 1942 (ItalyItalyItaly , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
) - Zodarion caucasicum Dunin & Nenilin, 1987 (AzerbaijanAzerbaijanAzerbaijan , officially the Republic of Azerbaijan is the largest country in the Caucasus region of Eurasia. Located at the crossroads of Western Asia and Eastern Europe, it is bounded by the Caspian Sea to the east, Russia to the north, Georgia to the northwest, Armenia to the west, and Iran to...
) - Zodarion confusum Denis, 1935 (Italy)
- Zodarion costablancae Bosmans, 1994 (Spain)
- Zodarion couseranense Bosmans, 1997 (FranceFranceThe French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
) - Zodarion cyprium Kulczyn'ski, 1908 (CyprusCyprusCyprus , officially the Republic of Cyprus , is a Eurasian island country, member of the European Union, in the Eastern Mediterranean, east of Greece, south of Turkey, west of Syria and north of Egypt. It is the third largest island in the Mediterranean Sea.The earliest known human activity on the...
, CreteCreteCrete is the largest and most populous of the Greek islands, the fifth largest island in the Mediterranean Sea, and one of the thirteen administrative regions of Greece. It forms a significant part of the economy and cultural heritage of Greece while retaining its own local cultural traits...
, Lebanon, UkraineUkraineUkraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It has an area of 603,628 km², making it the second largest contiguous country on the European continent, after Russia...
) - Zodarion cyrenaicum Denis, 1935 (Libya, EgyptEgyptEgypt , officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, Arabic: , is a country mainly in North Africa, with the Sinai Peninsula forming a land bridge in Southwest Asia. Egypt is thus a transcontinental country, and a major power in Africa, the Mediterranean Basin, the Middle East and the Muslim world...
, IsraelIsraelThe State of Israel is a parliamentary republic located in the Middle East, along the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea...
) - Zodarion denisi Spassky, 1938 (TurkmenistanTurkmenistanTurkmenistan , formerly also known as Turkmenia is one of the Turkic states in Central Asia. Until 1991, it was a constituent republic of the Soviet Union, the Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic . Turkmenistan is one of the six independent Turkic states...
, TajikistanTajikistanTajikistan , officially the Republic of Tajikistan , is a mountainous landlocked country in Central Asia. Afghanistan borders it to the south, Uzbekistan to the west, Kyrgyzstan to the north, and China to the east....
) - Zodarion diatretum Denis, 1935 (Spain)
- Zodarion dispar Denis, 1935 (Algeria)
- Zodarion dubium Strand, 1906 (Algeria)
- Zodarion duriense Cardoso, 2003 (Portugal)
- Zodarion egens Denis, 1937 (Unknown)
- Zodarion elegans (Simon, 1873) (Southern Europe, North Africa)
- Zodarion emarginatum (Simon, 1873) (France, Corsica, Greece)
- Zodarion epirense Brignoli, 1984 (Greece)
- Zodarion fazanicum Denis, 1938 (LibyaLibyaLibya is an African country in the Maghreb region of North Africa bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, Egypt to the east, Sudan to the southeast, Chad and Niger to the south, and Algeria and Tunisia to the west....
) - Zodarion frenatum Simon, 1884 (Italy, Greece, Crete, CorfuCorfuCorfu is a Greek island in the Ionian Sea. It is the second largest of the Ionian Islands, and, including its small satellite islands, forms the edge of the northwestern frontier of Greece. The island is part of the Corfu regional unit, and is administered as a single municipality. The...
, Turkey) - Zodarion fulvonigrum (Simon, 1874) (France)
- Zodarion fuscum (Simon, 1870) (BritainGreat BritainGreat Britain or Britain is an island situated to the northwest of Continental Europe. It is the ninth largest island in the world, and the largest European island, as well as the largest of the British Isles...
, France, Spain) - Zodarion gallicum (Simon, 1873) (France, Corsica, Italy, BalkansBalkansThe Balkans is a geopolitical and cultural region of southeastern Europe...
, Turkey) - Zodarion germanicumZodarion germanicumZodarion germanicum is a spider species of the Zodariidae family.Like most Zodariidae, Z. germanicum is an ant-eating spider. It resembles ants structurally and behaviorally. Z. germanicum specifically mimics large dark ants, such as Formica cinerea, F. truncorum, and Camponotus ligniperda.Z....
(C. L. Koch, 1837) (Europe) - Zodarion geshur Levy, 2007 (Israel)
- Zodarion geticum Weiss, 1987 (Romania)
- Zodarion gracilitibiale Denis, 1933 (France)
- Zodarion graecum (C. L. Koch, 1843) (Eastern Europe, Israel)
- Zodarion granulatum Kulczyn'ski, 1908 (Cyprus, Greece, Israel)
- Zodarion gregua Bosmans, 1994 (Portugal, Spain)
- Zodarion guadianense Cardoso, 2003 (Portugal)
- Zodarion hamatum Wiehle, 1964 (Italy, Austria, SloveniaSloveniaSlovenia , officially the Republic of Slovenia , is a country in Central and Southeastern Europe touching the Alps and bordering the Mediterranean. Slovenia borders Italy to the west, Croatia to the south and east, Hungary to the northeast, and Austria to the north, and also has a small portion of...
) - Zodarion hauseri Brignoli, 1984 (Greece)
- Zodarion immaculatum Denis, 1962 (Libya)
- Zodarion isabellinum (Simon, 1870) (Spain)
- Zodarion italicumZodarion italicumZodarion italicum is a European ant-eating spider. Like the closely related Z. hamatum, it is nocturnal and captures various ant species.. Z. italicum seems to be specialized in Formicinae ants...
(Canestrini, 1868) (Europe) - Zodarion jozefienae Bosmans, 1994 (Portugal, Spain)
- Zodarion judaeorum Levy, 1992 (Israel)
- Zodarion kabylianum Denis, 1937 (Algeria)
- Zodarion korgei Wunderlich, 1980 (Turkey)
- Zodarion lindbergi Roewer, 1960 (Afghanistan)
- Zodarion luctuosum (O. P.-Cambridge, 1872) (Israel)
- Zodarion ludibundum Simon, 1914 (Corsica, Sicily, Algeria)
- Zodarion lusitanicum Cardoso, 2003 (Portugal)
- Zodarion lutipes (O. P.-Cambridge, 1872) (Israel, Lebanon)
- Zodarion luzonicum Simon, 1893 (PhilippinesPhilippinesThe Philippines , officially known as the Republic of the Philippines , is a country in Southeast Asia in the western Pacific Ocean. To its north across the Luzon Strait lies Taiwan. West across the South China Sea sits Vietnam...
) - Zodarion machadoi Denis, 1939 (Portugal, Spain, Azores)
- Zodarion maculatum (Simon, 1870) (Portugal, Spain, Sicily, Morocco)
- Zodarion mallorca Bosmans, 1994 (Majorca)
- Zodarion marginiceps Simon, 1914 (Spain, France)
- Zodarion martynovae Andreeva & Tyschchenko, 1968 (Central Asia)
- Zodarion merlijni Bosmans, 1994 (Spain)
- Zodarion minutum Bosmans, 1994 (Spain, Majorca, Ibiza)
- Zodarion modestum (Simon, 1870) (Spain)
- Zodarion morosum Denis, 1935 (Eastern Europe)
- Zodarion murphyorum Bosmans, 1994 (Spain)
- Zodarion musarum Brignoli, 1984 (Greece)
- Zodarion nesiotes Denis, 1965 (Canary Is.)
- Zodarion nesiotoides Wunderlich, 1992 (Canary Is.)
- Zodarion nigriceps (Simon, 1873) (Corsica, Sardinia)
- Zodarion nitidum (Audouin, 1826) (North Africa, Middle EastMiddle EastThe Middle East is a region that encompasses Western Asia and Northern Africa. It is often used as a synonym for Near East, in opposition to Far East...
) - Zodarion odem Levy, 2007 (Israel)
- Zodarion ohridense Wunderlich, 1973 (Bulgaria, Macedonia)
- Zodarion pallidum Denis, 1952 (Morocco)
- Zodarion petrobium Dunin & Zacharjan, 1991 (Azerbaijan, Armenia)
- Zodarion pileolonotatum Denis, 1935 (Libya)
- Zodarion pirini Drensky, 1921 (Bulgaria)
- Zodarion pseudoelegans Denis, 1933 (Spain, France, Ibiza)
- Zodarion pusio Simon, 1914 (France, Italy, Tunisia, Bosnia and HerzegovinaBosnia and HerzegovinaBosnia and Herzegovina , sometimes called Bosnia-Herzegovina or simply Bosnia, is a country in Southern Europe, on the Balkan Peninsula. Bordered by Croatia to the north, west and south, Serbia to the east, and Montenegro to the southeast, Bosnia and Herzegovina is almost landlocked, except for the...
) - Zodarion pythium Denis, 1935 (Greece)
- Zodarion raddei Simon, 1889 (Central Asia)
- Zodarion remotum Denis, 1935 (Corsica, Italy)
- Zodarion reticulatum Kulczyn'ski, 1908 (Cyprus)
- Zodarion rhodiense Caporiacco, 1948 (Greece)
- Zodarion rhodiense nigrifemur Caporiacco, 1948 (Greece)
- Zodarion rubidumZodarion rubidumZodarion rubidum is a spider species of the Zodariidae family.Like most Zodariidae, Z. rubidum is an ant-eating spider. It resembles ants structurally and behaviorally. Z. rubidum specifically mimics red ants, such as Myrmica sabuleti. It often feeds on Tetramorium caespitum or Lasius...
Simon, 1914 (Europe (introduced in U.S.United StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, CanadaCanadaCanada is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and northward into the Arctic Ocean...
)) - Zodarion rudyi Bosmans, 1994 (Portugal, Spain)
- Zodarion ruffoi Caporiacco, 1951 (France, Italy)
- Zodarion sardum Bosmans, 1997 (Sardinia)
- Zodarion scutatum Wunderlich, 1980 (Slovenia)
- Zodarion segurense Bosmans, 1994 (Spain)
- Zodarion soror (Simon, 1873) (Corsica)
- Zodarion spasskyi Charitonov, 1946 (Central Asia)
- Zodarion spinibarbis Wunderlich, 1973 (Greece, Crete)
- Zodarion styliferum (Simon, 1870) (Portugal, Spain, Madeira)
- Zodarion styliferum extraneum Denis, 1935 (Portugal)
- Zodarion tadzhikum Andreeva & Tyschchenko, 1968 (Tajikistan)
- Zodarion talyschicum Dunin & Nenilin, 1987 (Azerbaijan)
- Zodarion testaceofasciatum Spassky, 1941 (Tajikistan)
- Zodarion thoni Nosek, 1905 (Eastern Europe to Armenia)
- Zodarion timidum (Simon, 1874) (Spain, France)
- Zodarion trianguliferum Denis, 1952 (Morocco)
- Zodarion tunetiacum Strand, 1906 (Tunisia)
- Zodarion turcicum Wunderlich, 1980 (Bulgaria, Turkey)
- Zodarion vanimpei Bosmans, 1994 (Spain)
- Zodarion variegatum Denis, 1956 (Morocco)
- Zodarion vicinum Denis, 1935 (England, Italy)
- Zodarion viduum Denis, 1937 (Portugal)
- Zodarion walsinghami Denis, 1937 (Algeria)
- Zodarion zebra Charitonov, 1946 (Uzbekistan)