Y-DNA haplogroups by groups in Europe

Frequencies in some ethnic groups in Europe

Listed here are notable groups and ethnic groups from Europe
Europe
Europe is, by convention, one of the world's seven continents. Comprising the westernmost peninsula of Eurasia, Europe is generally 'divided' from Asia to its east by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas, and the waterways connecting...

by human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroups

Human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroups

In human genetics, a Human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup is a haplogroup defined by differences in the non-recombining portions of DNA from the Y chromosome ....

based on relevant studies. The samples are taken from individuals identified with the ethnic and linguistic designations in the first two columns, the third column gives the amount of total Sample Size studied, and the other columns give the Percentage of the particular haplogroup. (Ethnic groups from North Caucasus

North Caucasus

The North Caucasus is the northern part of the Caucasus region between the Black and Caspian Seas and within European Russia. The term is also used as a synonym for the North Caucasus economic region of Russia....

are considered in its own article

Y-DNA haplogroups by populations of the Caucasus

Listed here are notable groups and ethnic groups from Caucasus by human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroups based on relevant studies. The samples are taken from individuals identified with the ethnic and linguistic designations in the first two columns, the third column gives the amount of total Sample...

Population	Language	n	R1b Haplogroup R1b (Y-DNA) The point of origin of R1b is thought to lie in Eurasia, most likely in Western Asia. T. Karafet et al. estimated the age of R1, the parent of R1b, as 18,500 years before present....	R1a Haplogroup R1a (Y-DNA) Haplogroup R1a is the phylogenetic name of a major clade of Human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroups. In other words, it is a way of grouping a significant part of all modern men according to a shared male-line ancestor. It is common in many parts of Eurasia and is frequently discussed in human...	I Haplogroup I (Y-DNA) In human genetics, Haplogroup I is a Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup, a subgroup of haplogroup IJ, itself a derivative of Haplogroup IJK....	E1b1b	J Haplogroup J (Y-DNA) In human genetics, Haplogroup J is a Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup. It is one of the major male lines of all living men...	G Haplogroup G (Y-DNA) In human genetics, Haplogroup G is a Y-chromosome haplogroup. It is a branch of Haplogroup F . Haplogroup G has an overall low frequency in most populations but is widely distributed within many ethnic groups of the Old World in Europe, northern and western Asia, northern Africa, the Middle East,...	N Haplogroup N (Y-DNA) In human genetics, Haplogroup N is a Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup, defined by the presence of the marker M231. The b2/b3 deletion in the AZFc region of the human Y-chromosome is a characteristic of Haplogroup N haplotypes. This deletion, however, appears to have occurred independently on four...	T Haplogroup T (Y-DNA) In human genetics, Haplogroup T is a human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup. From 2002 to 2008, it was known as Haplogroup K2. It should not be confused with the mitochondrial DNA haplogroup T, of the same name....	Others	Reference
Albanians Albanians Albanians are a nation and ethnic group native to Albania and neighbouring countries. They speak the Albanian language. More than half of all Albanians live in Albania and Kosovo...	IE (Albanian)	51									—	Semino2000
Albanians Albanians Albanians are a nation and ethnic group native to Albania and neighbouring countries. They speak the Albanian language. More than half of all Albanians live in Albania and Kosovo... (Kosovar)	IE (Albanian)	114			I1=5.31 I2a2=2.65		J2=	0	0	0	P[xQ,R1]=1.77	Pericic2005
Albanians Albanians Albanians are a nation and ethnic group native to Albania and neighbouring countries. They speak the Albanian language. More than half of all Albanians live in Albania and Kosovo... (Tirana Tirana Tirana is the capital and the largest city of Albania. Modern Tirana was founded as an Ottoman town in 1614 by Sulejman Bargjini, a local ruler from Mullet, although the area has been continuously inhabited since antiquity. Tirana became Albania's capital city in 1920 and has a population of over... )	IE (Albanian)	30							—	—	—	Bosch2006
Albanians Albanians Albanians are a nation and ethnic group native to Albania and neighbouring countries. They speak the Albanian language. More than half of all Albanians live in Albania and Kosovo...	IE (Albanian)	55			I1= I2a=14.5 I2b=3.6		J1= J2=20.0				—	Battaglia2008
Albanians Albanians Albanians are a nation and ethnic group native to Albania and neighbouring countries. They speak the Albanian language. More than half of all Albanians live in Albania and Kosovo... (Macedonia Republic of Macedonia Macedonia , officially the Republic of Macedonia , is a country located in the central Balkan peninsula in Southeast Europe. It is one of the successor states of the former Yugoslavia, from which it declared independence in 1991... )	IE (Albanian)	64			I1= I2a=		J1= J2=				—	Battaglia2008
Albanians Albanians Albanians are a nation and ethnic group native to Albania and neighbouring countries. They speak the Albanian language. More than half of all Albanians live in Albania and Kosovo...	IE (Albanian)	106	—	—		—	—	—	—	—	—	Rootsi2004
Arkhangelsk Arkhangelsk Oblast Arkhangelsk Oblast is a federal subject of Russia . It includes the Arctic archipelagos of Franz Josef Land and Novaya Zemlya, as well as the Solovetsky Islands in the White Sea.... (Russia)	Slavic, Uralic	28	0	17.9	50.0	3.6	0	0	28.6	0	0	Mirabal2009
Andalusians	IE (Italic)	29			—	—	—				L=3.4	Semino2000
Andalusians	IE (Italic)	103	—	—		—	—	—	—	—	—	Rootsi2004
Andalusians	IE (Italic)	76	—	—	—			—	—	—	—	Semino2004
Aromuns Aromanians Aromanians are a Latin people native throughout the southern Balkans, especially in northern Greece, Albania, the Republic of Macedonia, Bulgaria, and as an emigrant community in Serbia and Romania . An older term is Macedo-Romanians... (Dukasi Fier County The County of Fier is one of the 12 counties of Albania. It consists of the districts of Fier, Lushnjë and Mallakastër and its capital is Fier.Fier's western edge is the shoreline of the Adriatic Sea. On land, it borders the following counties:... , Albania)	IE (Italic)	39									—	Bosch2006
Aromuns Aromanians Aromanians are a Latin people native throughout the southern Balkans, especially in northern Greece, Albania, the Republic of Macedonia, Bulgaria, and as an emigrant community in Serbia and Romania . An older term is Macedo-Romanians... (Andon Poci Gjirokastër District The District of Gjirokastër is one of the thirty-six districts of Albania. It has a population of 56,720 containing a large Greek minority, and an area of 1,137 km². It is in the south of the country, and its capital is Gjirokastër... , Albania)	IE (Italic)	19									—	Bosch2006
Aromuns Aromanians Aromanians are a Latin people native throughout the southern Balkans, especially in northern Greece, Albania, the Republic of Macedonia, Bulgaria, and as an emigrant community in Serbia and Romania . An older term is Macedo-Romanians... (Kruševo Kruševo Kruševo also spelled Krushevo, is a town in the Republic of Macedonia. It is the highest town in Macedonia, situated at an altitude of over 4,000 feet above sea level. The town of Kruševo is the seat of Kruševo Municipality.-History:... , Macedonia)	IE (Italic)	43									—	Bosch2006
Aromuns Aromanians Aromanians are a Latin people native throughout the southern Balkans, especially in northern Greece, Albania, the Republic of Macedonia, Bulgaria, and as an emigrant community in Serbia and Romania . An older term is Macedo-Romanians... (Štip Štip municipality Štip is a municipality in eastern Republic of Macedonia. Štip is also the name of the town where the municipal seat is found. This municipality is part of the Eastern Statistical Region.-Geography:Štip Municipality covers an area of 583.24 km²... , Macedonia)	IE (Italic)	65									—	Bosch2006
Aromuns Aromanians Aromanians are a Latin people native throughout the southern Balkans, especially in northern Greece, Albania, the Republic of Macedonia, Bulgaria, and as an emigrant community in Serbia and Romania . An older term is Macedo-Romanians... (Romania)	IE (Italic)	42							—	—	—	Bosch2006
Ashkenazi Jews Ashkenazi Jews Ashkenazi Jews, also known as Ashkenazic Jews or Ashkenazim , are the Jews descended from the medieval Jewish communities along the Rhine in Germany from Alsace in the south to the Rhineland in the north. Ashkenaz is the medieval Hebrew name for this region and thus for Germany...	IE (Germanic, West)	79	—		—			—	—	—	—	Nebel2001
Ashkenazi Jews Ashkenazi Jews Ashkenazi Jews, also known as Ashkenazic Jews or Ashkenazim , are the Jews descended from the medieval Jewish communities along the Rhine in Germany from Alsace in the south to the Rhineland in the north. Ashkenaz is the medieval Hebrew name for this region and thus for Germany...	IE (Germanic, West)	442	—	—						—		Behar2004
Austrians Austrians Austrians are a nation and ethnic group, consisting of the population of the Republic of Austria and its historical predecessor states who share a common Austrian culture and Austrian descent....	IE (Germanic, West)	219	32	14	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Bashkirs Bashkirs The Bashkirs are a Turkic people indigenous to Bashkortostan extending on both parts of the Ural mountains, on the place where Europe meets Asia. Groups of Bashkirs also live in the republic of Tatarstan, Perm Krai, Chelyabinsk, Orenburg, Tyumen, Sverdlovsk, Kurgan, Samara and Saratov Oblasts of... (Perm Perm Krai Perm Krai is a federal subject of Russia that came into existence on December 1, 2005 as a result of the 2004 referendum on the merger of Perm Oblast and Komi-Permyak Autonomous Okrug. The city of Perm became the administrative center of the new federal subject... )	Altaic (Turkic)	43									—	Lobov
Basque Basque people The Basques as an ethnic group, primarily inhabit an area traditionally known as the Basque Country , a region that is located around the western end of the Pyrenees on the coast of the Bay of Biscay and straddles parts of north-central Spain and south-western France.The Basques are known in the... (French, Spanish)	Basque (Basque)	67									—	Semino2000
Bavarians	IE (Germanic, West)	80			—			—			—	Rosser2000
Belgians Belgians Belgians are people originating from the Kingdom of Belgium, a federal state in Western Europe.-Etymology:Belgians are a relatively "new" people...	IE (Germanic/Italic)	92			—		—	—	—	—	—	Rosser2000
Belorussians	IE (Slavic, East)	41					—	—		—	—	Rosser2000
Belorussians	IE (Slavic, East)	147					—	—		—	—	Rootsi2004
Belorussians	IE (Slavic, East)	68					—			—	—	Kharkov2005
Belarusians Belarusians Belarusians ; are an East Slavic ethnic group who populate the majority of the Republic of Belarus. Introduced to the world as a new state in the early 1990s, the Republic of Belarus brought with it the notion of a re-emerging Belarusian ethnicity, drawn upon the lines of the Old Belarusian...	IE (Slavic, East)	306			—			—		—	—	Behar2003
Bearnais	IE (Italic)	26	—	—		—		—	—	—	—	Semino2004
Bearnais	IE (Italic)	43	—	—	—		—	—	—	—	—	Rootsi2004
Bosnians Bosnians Bosnians are people who reside in, or come from, Bosnia and Herzegovina. By the modern state definition a Bosnian can be anyone who holds citizenship of the state. This includes, but is not limited to, members of the constituent ethnic groups of Bosnia and Herzegovina: Bosniaks, Bosnian Serbs and...	IE (Slavic, South)	69						—	—	—	—	Pericic2005
British British people The British are citizens of the United Kingdom, of the Isle of Man, any of the Channel Islands, or of any of the British overseas territories, and their descendants...	IE (Germanic, West)	32			—	—	—	—	—	—	—	Helgason2000
Bulgarians Bulgarians The Bulgarians are a South Slavic nation and ethnic group native to Bulgaria and neighbouring regions. Emigration has resulted in immigrant communities in a number of other countries.-History and ethnogenesis:...	IE (Slavic, South)	127							—		—	Karachanak2009
Bulgarians Bulgarians The Bulgarians are a South Slavic nation and ethnic group native to Bulgaria and neighbouring regions. Emigration has resulted in immigrant communities in a number of other countries.-History and ethnogenesis:...	IE (Slavic, South)	34	—		—	—	—	—	—	—	—	Malaspina2003
Bulgarians Bulgarians The Bulgarians are a South Slavic nation and ethnic group native to Bulgaria and neighbouring regions. Emigration has resulted in immigrant communities in a number of other countries.-History and ethnogenesis:...	IE (Slavic, South)	116	—	—	—		—	—	—	—	—	Cruciani2004
Catalans	IE (Italic)	24				4.2	4.2		—	—	—	Rootsi2004d
Catalans	IE (Italic)	33	—	—	—			—	—	—	—	Semino2004
Cantabria Cantabria Cantabria is a Spanish historical region and autonomous community with Santander as its capital city. It is bordered on the east by the Basque Autonomous Community , on the south by Castile and León , on the west by the Principality of Asturias, and on the north by the Cantabrian Sea.Cantabria... ns (Pasiegos)	IE (Italic)	56	—	—	—		—	—	—	—	—	Cruciani2004
Chuvashes	Altaic (Turkic)	79				0		0		0	—
Croats Croats Croats are a South Slavic ethnic group mostly living in Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina and nearby countries. There are around 4 million Croats living inside Croatia and up to 4.5 million throughout the rest of the world. Responding to political, social and economic pressure, many Croats have... (mainland)	IE (Slavic, South)	108							—	—	—	Pericic2005
Croat (mainland)	IE (Slavic, South)	189	—	—		—	—	—	—	—	—	Rootsi2004
Cypriots Cyprus Cyprus , officially the Republic of Cyprus , is a Eurasian island country, member of the European Union, in the Eastern Mediterranean, east of Greece, south of Turkey, west of Syria and north of Egypt. It is the third largest island in the Mediterranean Sea.The earliest known human activity on the...	IE (Greek)	45			—		—	—	—	—	—	Rosser2000
Czechs	IE (Slavic, West)	257	—							—	—	Luca2007
Czechs and Slovaks Slovaks The Slovaks, Slovak people, or Slovakians are a West Slavic people that primarily inhabit Slovakia and speak the Slovak language, which is closely related to the Czech language.Most Slovaks today live within the borders of the independent Slovakia...	IE (Slavic, West)	45			—		—	—	—	—	—	Semino2000
Czechs and Slovaks Slovaks The Slovaks, Slovak people, or Slovakians are a West Slavic people that primarily inhabit Slovakia and speak the Slovak language, which is closely related to the Czech language.Most Slovaks today live within the borders of the independent Slovakia...	IE (Slavic, West)	198	—	—		—	—	—	—	—	—	Rootsi2004
Danes	IE (Germanic, North)	12			—	—	—	—	—	—	—	Helgason2000
Danes	IE (Germanic, North)	194	—	—		—	—	—	—	—	—	Rootsi2004
Danes	IE (Germanic, North)	35	—	—	—		—	—	—	—	—	Cruciani2004
Dutch Dutch people The Dutch people are an ethnic group native to the Netherlands. They share a common culture and speak the Dutch language. Dutch people and their descendants are found in migrant communities worldwide, notably in Suriname, Chile, Brazil, Canada, Australia, South Africa, New Zealand, and the United...	IE (Germanic, West)	27			—	—	—	—	—	—	—	Semino2000
Dutch Dutch people The Dutch people are an ethnic group native to the Netherlands. They share a common culture and speak the Dutch language. Dutch people and their descendants are found in migrant communities worldwide, notably in Suriname, Chile, Brazil, Canada, Australia, South Africa, New Zealand, and the United...	IE (Germanic, West)		—	—			0	—	—	—	—
English English people The English are a nation and ethnic group native to England, who speak English. The English identity is of early mediaeval origin, when they were known in Old English as the Anglecynn. England is now a country of the United Kingdom, and the majority of English people in England are British Citizens... (Central)	IE (Germanic, West)	215			—	—	—	—	—	—	—	Weale2002
Estonians Estonians Estonians are a Finnic people closely related to the Finns and inhabiting, primarily, the country of Estonia. They speak a Finnic language known as Estonian...	Uralic (Finnic)	207		—	—			—		—	—	Rosser2000
Estonians Estonians Estonians are a Finnic people closely related to the Finns and inhabiting, primarily, the country of Estonia. They speak a Finnic language known as Estonian...	Uralic (Finnic)	118	—		—	—	—	—	—	—	—	Laitinen2002
Estonians Estonians Estonians are a Finnic people closely related to the Finns and inhabiting, primarily, the country of Estonia. They speak a Finnic language known as Estonian...	Uralic (Finnic)	210	—	—		—	—	—	—	—	—	Rootsi2004
Finns	Uralic (Finnic)	57			—		—	—		—	—	Rosser2000
Finns	Uralic (Finnic)	38				—	—	—		—	—
French French people The French are a nation that share a common French culture and speak the French language as a mother tongue. Historically, the French population are descended from peoples of Celtic, Latin and Germanic origin, and are today a mixture of several ethnic groups...	IE (Italic)	23	52.2	0	17.4	8.7	4.3	0	0	0	—	Semino2000
French French people The French are a nation that share a common French culture and speak the French language as a mother tongue. Historically, the French population are descended from peoples of Celtic, Latin and Germanic origin, and are today a mixture of several ethnic groups...	IE (Italic)	40	—	—	—		—	—	—	—	—	Rosser2000
Frisians Frisians The Frisians are a Germanic ethnic group native to the coastal parts of the Netherlands and Germany. They are concentrated in the Dutch provinces of Friesland and Groningen and, in Germany, East Frisia and North Frisia, that was a part of Denmark until 1864. They inhabit an area known as Frisia...	IE (Germanic, West)	94						—	—	—	—	Wilson2001
Frisians Frisians The Frisians are a Germanic ethnic group native to the coastal parts of the Netherlands and Germany. They are concentrated in the Dutch provinces of Friesland and Groningen and, in Germany, East Frisia and North Frisia, that was a part of Denmark until 1864. They inhabit an area known as Frisia...	IE (Germanic, West)	94						—	—	—	—	Weale2002
Gagauz Gagauz Gagauz may refer to:* Gagauz people* Gagauz language* Gagauzia... (Kongaz)	Altaic (Turkic)	48									—	Varzari2006
Gagauz Gagauz Gagauz may refer to:* Gagauz people* Gagauz language* Gagauzia... (Etulia)	Altaic (Turkic)	41									—	Varzari2006
Germans	IE (Germanic, West)	48			—	—	—	—	—	—	—	Helgason2000
Germans	IE (Germanic, West)	16	50	6.2	37.5	6.2	0	0	0	0	—	Semino2000
Germans (Berlin Berlin Berlin is the capital city of Germany and is one of the 16 states of Germany. With a population of 3.45 million people, Berlin is Germany's largest city. It is the second most populous city proper and the seventh most populous urban area in the European Union... )	IE (Germanic, West)	103	23	22	32	10	2	—	2	—	9	Kayser2005
Germans	IE (Germanic)	1215	38.9	17.9	23.6	6.2	4.0	—	1.6	—	7.7	Kayser2005
Greeks Greeks The Greeks, also known as the Hellenes , are a nation and ethnic group native to Greece, Cyprus and neighboring regions. They also form a significant diaspora, with Greek communities established around the world....	IE (Greek)	77									—	Firasat2007
Greeks	IE (Greek)	118			—	—	—	—	—	—	—	Helgason2000
Greeks	IE (Greek)	84/92	—	—	—			—	—	—	—	Semino2004
Greeks	IE (Greek)	171							—		—	King2008
Greeks (Crete Crete Crete is the largest and most populous of the Greek islands, the fifth largest island in the Mediterranean Sea, and one of the thirteen administrative regions of Greece. It forms a significant part of the economy and cultural heritage of Greece while retaining its own local cultural traits... )	IE (Greek)	193							—		—	King2008
Greeks (Peloponnese Peloponnese The Peloponnese, Peloponnesos or Peloponnesus , is a large peninsula , located in a region of southern Greece, forming the part of the country south of the Gulf of Corinth... )	IE (Greek)	36	—	—	—	47	—	—	—	—	—	Semino2004
Greeks (Thrace Thrace Thrace is a historical and geographic area in southeast Europe. As a geographical concept, Thrace designates a region bounded by the Balkan Mountains on the north, Rhodope Mountains and the Aegean Sea on the south, and by the Black Sea and the Sea of Marmara on the east... )	IE (Greek)	41							—	—	—	Bosch2006
Greeks (North)	IE (Greek)	96					—		—		L=1	Zalloua2008
Greeks (South)	IE (Greek)	46					—		—		—	Zalloua2008
Gypsy (Macedonia)	IE (Indic)	57	1.8	1.8	5.3	29.8	1.8	0	—	—	H=59.6	Pericic2005
Herzegovinians Herzegovinians The Herzegovinans are the people who hail from the Herzegovina region of Bosnia and Herzegovina.The region which is Herzegovina forms a part of the Dinaric Alps...	IE (Slavic, South)	141						—	—	—	—	Pericic2005
Hungarians	Uralic (Ugric)	215	18.1	25.6	I1=7.91 I2a=16.74 I2b=2.79 I*=0.93	6.1	J2=6.51 J*[xJ2]=3.72	4.2	0.47	0.0	H=5.12 R2=0.47 R1*=1.40	Völgyi2008
Hungarians	Uralic (Ugric)	45	13.3	60.0	11.1	8.9	2.2	2.2	0.0	0.0	L=2.2	Semino2000
Hungarians	Uralic (Ugric)		—							—	—
Icelanders Icelanders Icelanders are a Scandinavian ethnic group and a nation, native to Iceland.On 17 June 1944, when an Icelandic republic was founded the Icelanders became independent from the Danish monarchy. The language spoken is Icelandic, a North Germanic language, and Lutheranism is the predominant religion...	IE (Germanic, North)	181				—	—	—	—	—	—	Helgason2000
Irish Irish people The Irish people are an ethnic group who originate in Ireland, an island in northwestern Europe. Ireland has been populated for around 9,000 years , with the Irish people's earliest ancestors recorded having legends of being descended from groups such as the Nemedians, Fomorians, Fir Bolg, Tuatha...	IE (Celtic)	222			—	—	—	—	—	—	—	Helgason2000
Irish Irish people The Irish people are an ethnic group who originate in Ireland, an island in northwestern Europe. Ireland has been populated for around 9,000 years , with the Irish people's earliest ancestors recorded having legends of being descended from groups such as the Nemedians, Fomorians, Fir Bolg, Tuatha...	IE (Celtic)	257	—	—	—		—	—	—	—	—	Rosser2000
Italians	IE (Italic)	50		—		—	—		—	—	—	Rootsi2004d
Italians	IE (Italic)		—		—		—	—	—	—	—
Italians (Calabria Calabria Calabria , in antiquity known as Bruttium, is a region in southern Italy, south of Naples, located at the "toe" of the Italian Peninsula. The capital city of Calabria is Catanzaro.... )	IE (Italic)			—				—	—	—	—
Italians (Apulia Apulia Apulia is a region in Southern Italy bordering the Adriatic Sea in the east, the Ionian Sea to the southeast, and the Strait of Òtranto and Gulf of Taranto in the south. Its most southern portion, known as Salento peninsula, forms a high heel on the "boot" of Italy. The region comprises , and... )	IE (Italic)		—	—				—	—	—	—
Italians (Sardinia Sardinia Sardinia is the second-largest island in the Mediterranean Sea . It is an autonomous region of Italy, and the nearest land masses are the French island of Corsica, the Italian Peninsula, Sicily, Tunisia and the Spanish Balearic Islands.The name Sardinia is from the pre-Roman noun *sard[],... )	IE (Italic)			—				—	—	—	—
Italians (Northern Sardinia)	IE (Italic)	86					—		—		—	Zalloua2008
Italians (Southern Sardinia)	IE (Italic)	187					—		—		—	Zalloua2008
Italians (North-central)	IE (Italic)			—				—	—	—	—
Italians (South)	IE (Italic)	68					—		—		—	Zalloua2008
Italians (Sicily Sicily Sicily is a region of Italy, and is the largest island in the Mediterranean Sea. Along with the surrounding minor islands, it constitutes an autonomous region of Italy, the Regione Autonoma Siciliana Sicily has a rich and unique culture, especially with regard to the arts, music, literature,... )	IE (Italic)		—	—				—	—	—	—	Semino2004
Italians (East Sicily)	IE (Italic)	87					—		—		—	Zalloua2008
Italians (West Sicily)	IE (Italic)	125					—		—		—	Zalloua2008
Komi Komi peoples The Komi people is an ethnic group whose homeland is in the north-east of European Russia around the basins of the Vychegda, Pechora and Kama rivers. They mostly live in the Komi Republic, Perm Krai, Murmansk Oblast, Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, and Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug in the Russian...	Uralic (Finnic)	94				—	—	—		—	—
Komi Komi peoples The Komi people is an ethnic group whose homeland is in the north-east of European Russia around the basins of the Vychegda, Pechora and Kama rivers. They mostly live in the Komi Republic, Perm Krai, Murmansk Oblast, Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, and Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug in the Russian... (Izhemsky Izhemsky District Izhemsky District is an administrative district , one of the twelve in the Komi Republic, Russia. Municipally, it is incorporated as Izhemsky Municipal District. Its administrative center is the rural locality of Izhma... )	Uralic (Finnic)	54									—	Mirabal2009
Komi Komi peoples The Komi people is an ethnic group whose homeland is in the north-east of European Russia around the basins of the Vychegda, Pechora and Kama rivers. They mostly live in the Komi Republic, Perm Krai, Murmansk Oblast, Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, and Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug in the Russian... (Priluzsky Priluzsky District Priluzsky District is an administrative district , one of the twelve in the Komi Republic, Russia. Municipally, it is incorporated as Priluzsky Municipal District. Its administrative center is the rural locality of Obyachevo. District's population: Population of Obyachevo accounts for 23.6% of... )	Uralic (Finnic)	49									—	Mirabal2009
Kursk Kursk Oblast Kursk Oblast is a federal subject of Russia . Its administrative center is the city of Kursk.-Geography:The oblast occupies the southern slopes of the middle-Russian plateau, and its average elevation is from 177 to 225 meters . The surface is hilly, and intersected by ravines... (Russia)	Slavic	40	7.5	52.5	15.0	10.0	2.5	0	12.5	0	0	Mirabal2009
Latvians Latvians Latvians or Letts are the indigenous Baltic people of Latvia.-History:Latvians occasionally refer to themselves by the ancient name of Latvji, which may have originated from the word Latve which is a name of the river that presumably flowed through what is now eastern Latvia...	IE (Baltic)	114			—		—	—		—	—	Laitinen2002
Latvians Latvians Latvians or Letts are the indigenous Baltic people of Latvia.-History:Latvians occasionally refer to themselves by the ancient name of Latvji, which may have originated from the word Latve which is a name of the river that presumably flowed through what is now eastern Latvia...	IE (Baltic)			—		—	—	—	—	—	—
Lithuanians Lithuanians Lithuanians are the Baltic ethnic group native to Lithuania, where they number around 2,765,600 people. Another million or more make up the Lithuanian diaspora, largely found in countries such as the United States, Brazil, Canada, Colombia, Russia, United Kingdom and Ireland. Their native language...	IE (Baltic)	38		—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Lithuanians Lithuanians Lithuanians are the Baltic ethnic group native to Lithuania, where they number around 2,765,600 people. Another million or more make up the Lithuanian diaspora, largely found in countries such as the United States, Brazil, Canada, Colombia, Russia, United Kingdom and Ireland. Their native language...	IE (Baltic)	114	—		—		—	—		—	—	Laitinen2002
ethnic Macedonians Macedonians (ethnic group) The Macedonians also referred to as Macedonian Slavs: "... the term Slavomacedonian was introduced and was accepted by the community itself, which at the time had a much more widespread non-Greek Macedonian ethnic consciousness...	IE (Slavic, South)	211									L=0.5	Noveski2010
ethnic Macedonians Macedonians (ethnic group) The Macedonians also referred to as Macedonian Slavs: "... the term Slavomacedonian was introduced and was accepted by the community itself, which at the time had a much more widespread non-Greek Macedonian ethnic consciousness...	IE (Slavic, South)	79							—	—	—	Pericic2005
Macedonians Macedonians (ethnic group) The Macedonians also referred to as Macedonian Slavs: "... the term Slavomacedonian was introduced and was accepted by the community itself, which at the time had a much more widespread non-Greek Macedonian ethnic consciousness... (Skopje Skopje Skopje is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Macedonia with about a third of the total population. It is the country's political, cultural, economic, and academic centre... )	IE (Slavic, South)	52							—	—	—	Bosch2006
Maltese Maltese people The Maltese are an ethnic group indigenous to the Southern European nation of Malta, and identified with the Maltese language. Malta is an island in the middle of the Mediterranean Sea...	Afro-Asiatic (Semitic)	187					—		—		—	Zalloua2008
Mari	Uralic (Finnic)	111				—	—	—		—	—
Mari	Uralic (Finnic)	48			—			—		—	—	Rosser2000
Moldavians Moldovans Moldovans or Moldavians are the largest population group of Moldova... (Karahasani)	IE (Italic)	72									—	Varzari2006
Moldavians Moldovans Moldovans or Moldavians are the largest population group of Moldova... (Sofia)	IE (Italic)	54									—	Varzari2006
Mordvins (Erzya Erzya Erzya could refer to:Erzya language, a Uralic language spoken in Russia.Erzya Oblasts, the areas of Russian in which Erzya is spoken.*Erzya literature, literature written in the Erzya language.... )	Uralic (Finnic)	46	—		—	—	—	—	—	—	—	Malaspina2003
Mordvins (Moksha)	Uralic (Finnic)	46	—		—	—	—	—	—	—	—	Malaspina2003
Mordvins	Uralic (Finnic)	83				—	—	—		—	—
Norwegians Norwegians Norwegians constitute both a nation and an ethnic group native to Norway. They share a common culture and speak the Norwegian language. Norwegian people and their descendants are found in migrant communities worldwide, notably in United States, Canada and Brazil.-History:Towards the end of the 3rd...	IE (Germanic, North)					—	—	—	—	—	—
Norwegians Norwegians Norwegians constitute both a nation and an ethnic group native to Norway. They share a common culture and speak the Norwegian language. Norwegian people and their descendants are found in migrant communities worldwide, notably in United States, Canada and Brazil.-History:Towards the end of the 3rd...	IE (Germanic, North)	52	—		—			—			—	Rosser2000
Orcadians Orcadians Orcadians, who reside primarily in Orkney, are the descendants of Iron Age Picts, Norwegian Vikings and Scots. Because Orkney is a trading hub Orcadians are found all over the world....	IE (Germanic, West)	71			—	—	—	—	—	—	—	Wilson2001
Poles	IE (Slavic, West)							—	—	—	—
Poles	IE (Slavic, West)	93				—	—	—		—	—
Poles	IE (Slavic, West)	913	11.6	57.0	17.3	4.5	2.5	—	3.7	—	3.3	Kayser2005
Portuguese Portuguese people The Portuguese are a nation and ethnic group native to the country of Portugal, in the west of the Iberian peninsula of south-west Europe. Their language is Portuguese, and Roman Catholicism is the predominant religion....	IE (Italic)	303	—	—		—	—	—	—	—	—	Rootsi2004
Portuguese (South)	IE (Italic)	57			—		—	—	—	—	—	Rosser2000
Portuguese (North)	IE (Italic)	328		0	—		—	—	—	—	—	Rosser2000
Romanians Romanians The Romanians are an ethnic group native to Romania, who speak Romanian; they are the majority inhabitants of Romania....	IE (Italic)	54									—	Varzari2006
Romanians Romanians The Romanians are an ethnic group native to Romania, who speak Romanian; they are the majority inhabitants of Romania....	IE (Italic)	361	—	—		—	—	—	—	—	—	Rootsi2004
Romanians Romanians The Romanians are an ethnic group native to Romania, who speak Romanian; they are the majority inhabitants of Romania.... (Constanţa Constanta Constanța is the oldest extant city in Romania, founded around 600 BC. The city is located in the Dobruja region of Romania, on the Black Sea coast. It is the capital of Constanța County and the largest city in the region.... )	IE (Italic)	31									—	Bosch2006
Romanians Romanians The Romanians are an ethnic group native to Romania, who speak Romanian; they are the majority inhabitants of Romania.... (Ploieşti Ploiesti Ploiești is the county seat of Prahova County and lies in the historical region of Wallachia in Romania. The city is located north of Bucharest.... )	IE (Italic)	36									—	Bosch2006
Russians Russians The Russian people are an East Slavic ethnic group native to Russia, speaking the Russian language and primarily living in Russia and neighboring countries....	IE (Slavic, East)	122			—			—		—	—	Rosser2000
Russians Russians The Russian people are an East Slavic ethnic group native to Russia, speaking the Russian language and primarily living in Russia and neighboring countries....	IE (Slavic, East)	61				—	—	—		—	—
Russians Russians The Russian people are an East Slavic ethnic group native to Russia, speaking the Russian language and primarily living in Russia and neighboring countries.... (Northern Northern economic region Northern economic region tr.: Severny ekonomichesky rayon) is one of twelve economic regions of Russia.-Composition:Arkhangelsk OblastRepublic of KareliaKomi RepublicMurmansk OblastNenets Autonomous OkrugVologda Oblast... )	IE (Slavic, East)	380									—	Balanovsky2008
Russians Russians The Russian people are an East Slavic ethnic group native to Russia, speaking the Russian language and primarily living in Russia and neighboring countries.... (Central Central economic region Central economic region is one of twelve economic regions of Russia.Area: 484,000 km²; population: 30.5 million . Average population density—63/km². Over 80% of the population is urban.... )	IE (Slavic, East)	364									—	Balanovsky2008
Russians (Adygea Adygea The Republic of Adygea is a federal subject of Russia enclaved within Krasnodar Krai. Its area is with a population of 440,388 . Its capital is Maykop.-Geography:... )	IE (Slavic, East)	78	—	—		—	—	—	—	—	—	Rootsi2004
Russians (Bashkortostan Bashkortostan The Republic of Bashkortostan , also known as Bashkiria is a federal subject of Russia . It is located between the Volga River and the Ural Mountains. Its capital is the city of Ufa... )	IE (Slavic, East)	50	—	—		—	—	—	—	—	—	Rootsi2004
Russians (Belgorod region)	IE (Slavic, East)	143				—	—	—	—	—	—	Balanovsky
Russians (Cossacks)	IE (Slavic, East)	97	—	—		—	—	—	—	—	—	Rootsi2004
Russians (Kostroma region)	IE (Slavic, East)	53	—	—		—	—	—	—	—	—	Rootsi2004
Russians (North, Pinega Pinega Pinega is a settlement, formerly a town, in Pinezhsky District, Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia, located on the right bank of the Pinega River . It serves as the administrative center of Pinezhsky Selsoviet, one of the seventeen selsoviets into which the district is administratively divided... )	IE (Slavic, East)	127	—	—		—	—	—	—	—	—	Rootsi2004
Russians (Smolensk region)	IE (Slavic, East)	120	—	—		—	—	—	—	—	—	Rootsi2004
Sami Sami people The Sami people, also spelled Sámi, or Saami, are the arctic indigenous people inhabiting Sápmi, which today encompasses parts of far northern Sweden, Norway, Finland, the Kola Peninsula of Russia, and the border area between south and middle Sweden and Norway. The Sámi are Europe’s northernmost... (Sweden)	Uralic (Finnic)	38									—	Karlsson2006
Sami Sami people The Sami people, also spelled Sámi, or Saami, are the arctic indigenous people inhabiting Sápmi, which today encompasses parts of far northern Sweden, Norway, Finland, the Kola Peninsula of Russia, and the border area between south and middle Sweden and Norway. The Sámi are Europe’s northernmost...	Uralic (Finnic)	127			—	—	—	—		—	—
Sami Sami people The Sami people, also spelled Sámi, or Saami, are the arctic indigenous people inhabiting Sápmi, which today encompasses parts of far northern Sweden, Norway, Finland, the Kola Peninsula of Russia, and the border area between south and middle Sweden and Norway. The Sámi are Europe’s northernmost...	Uralic (Finnic)		—	—		—	—	—	—	—	—	Rootsi2004
Scots Scottish people The Scottish people , or Scots, are a nation and ethnic group native to Scotland. Historically they emerged from an amalgamation of the Picts and Gaels, incorporating neighbouring Britons to the south as well as invading Germanic peoples such as the Anglo-Saxons and the Norse.In modern use,...	IE (Celtic)	178	—	—		—	—	—	—	—	—	Rootsi2004
Scots Scottish people The Scottish people , or Scots, are a nation and ethnic group native to Scotland. Historically they emerged from an amalgamation of the Picts and Gaels, incorporating neighbouring Britons to the south as well as invading Germanic peoples such as the Anglo-Saxons and the Norse.In modern use,...	IE (Celtic)	61			—	—	—	—	—	—	—	Helgason2000
Sephardic Jews	Afro-Asiatic (Semitic)	78						—	—	—	—	Nebel2001
Serbs Serbs The Serbs are a South Slavic ethnic group of the Balkans and southern Central Europe. Serbs are located mainly in Serbia, Montenegro and Bosnia and Herzegovina, and form a sizable minority in Croatia, the Republic of Macedonia and Slovenia. Likewise, Serbs are an officially recognized minority in...	IE (Slavic, South)	179			48					—	L=0.6	Mirabal,V.2010
Serbs Serbs The Serbs are a South Slavic ethnic group of the Balkans and southern Central Europe. Serbs are located mainly in Serbia, Montenegro and Bosnia and Herzegovina, and form a sizable minority in Croatia, the Republic of Macedonia and Slovenia. Likewise, Serbs are an officially recognized minority in...	IE (Slavic, South)	113					8	—	—	—	—	Pericic2005
Serbs Serbs The Serbs are a South Slavic ethnic group of the Balkans and southern Central Europe. Serbs are located mainly in Serbia, Montenegro and Bosnia and Herzegovina, and form a sizable minority in Croatia, the Republic of Macedonia and Slovenia. Likewise, Serbs are an officially recognized minority in... (Bosnia Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnia and Herzegovina , sometimes called Bosnia-Herzegovina or simply Bosnia, is a country in Southern Europe, on the Balkan Peninsula. Bordered by Croatia to the north, west and south, Serbia to the east, and Montenegro to the southeast, Bosnia and Herzegovina is almost landlocked, except for the... )	IE (Slavic, South)	81									—	Battaglia2008
Slovenians	IE (Slavic, South)	75									—	Battaglia2008
Slovenian	IE (Slavic, South)	70	—		—			—			—	Rosser2000
Slovenian	IE (Slavic, South)	55	—	—		—	—	—	—	—	—	Rootsi2004
Spanish Spanish people The Spanish are citizens of the Kingdom of Spain. Within Spain, there are also a number of vigorous nationalisms and regionalisms, reflecting the country's complex history....	IE (Italic)	126			—		—	—	—	—	—	Rosser2000
Spanish Spanish people The Spanish are citizens of the Kingdom of Spain. Within Spain, there are also a number of vigorous nationalisms and regionalisms, reflecting the country's complex history.... (Ibiza Ibiza Ibiza or Eivissa is a Spanish island in the Mediterranean Sea 79 km off the coast of the city of Valencia in Spain. It is the third largest of the Balearic Islands, an autonomous community of Spain. With Formentera, it is one of the two Pine Islands or Pityuses. Its largest cities are Ibiza... )	IE (Italic)	54					—		—		—	Zalloua2008
Spanish Spanish people The Spanish are citizens of the Kingdom of Spain. Within Spain, there are also a number of vigorous nationalisms and regionalisms, reflecting the country's complex history.... (Majorca)	IE (Italic)	62					—		—		—	Zalloua2008
Spanish Spanish people The Spanish are citizens of the Kingdom of Spain. Within Spain, there are also a number of vigorous nationalisms and regionalisms, reflecting the country's complex history.... (Minorca Minorca Min Orca or Menorca is one of the Balearic Islands located in the Mediterranean Sea belonging to Spain. It takes its name from being smaller than the nearby island of Majorca.... )	IE (Italic)	37					—		—		—	Zalloua2008
Spanish Spanish people The Spanish are citizens of the Kingdom of Spain. Within Spain, there are also a number of vigorous nationalisms and regionalisms, reflecting the country's complex history.... (South)	IE (Italic)	162					—		—		—	Zalloua2008
Spanish Spanish people The Spanish are citizens of the Kingdom of Spain. Within Spain, there are also a number of vigorous nationalisms and regionalisms, reflecting the country's complex history.... (Valencia Valencian Community The Valencian Community is an autonomous community of Spain located in central and south-eastern Iberian Peninsula. Its capital and largest city is Valencia... )	IE (Italic)	73					—		—		—	Zalloua2008
Swedes (Northern)	IE (Germanic, North)	48			—			—		—	—	Rosser2000
Swedes	IE (Germanic, North)	110			—	—	—	—	—	—	—	Helgason2000
Swedes	IE (Germanic, North)	225	—	—	40	—	—	—	—	—	—	Rootsi2004
Swedes Swedes Swedes are a Scandinavian nation and ethnic group native to Sweden, mostly inhabiting Sweden and the other Nordic countries, with descendants living in a number of countries.-Etymology:...	IE (Germanic, North)	160						—		—	—	Lappalainen2008
Swiss	IE (German/Italic)	144	—	—		—	—	—	—	—	—	Rootsi2004
Tatars Tatars Tatars are a Turkic speaking ethnic group , numbering roughly 7 million.The majority of Tatars live in the Russian Federation, with a population of around 5.5 million, about 2 million of which in the republic of Tatarstan.Significant minority populations are found in Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan,...	Altaic (Turkic)	126				—	—	—		—	—
Turks (Istanbul Istanbul Istanbul , historically known as Byzantium and Constantinople , is the largest city of Turkey. Istanbul metropolitan province had 13.26 million people living in it as of December, 2010, which is 18% of Turkey's population and the 3rd largest metropolitan area in Europe after London and... )	Altaic (Turkic)		—	—	—			—	—	—	—	Semino2004
Udmurt Udmurt people The Udmurts are a people who speak the Udmurt language. Through history they have been known in Russian as Chud Otyatskaya , Otyaks, or Votyaks , and in Tatar as Ar....	Uralic (Finnic)	87				—	—	—		—	—
Ukrainians Ukrainians Ukrainians are an East Slavic ethnic group native to Ukraine, which is the sixth-largest nation in Europe. The Constitution of Ukraine applies the term 'Ukrainians' to all its citizens...	IE (Slavic, East)	50			18	4	6				—	Semino2000
Ukrainians Ukrainians Ukrainians are an East Slavic ethnic group native to Ukraine, which is the sixth-largest nation in Europe. The Constitution of Ukraine applies the term 'Ukrainians' to all its citizens...	IE (Slavic, East)		—	—				—	—	—	—
Ukrainians Ukrainians Ukrainians are an East Slavic ethnic group native to Ukraine, which is the sixth-largest nation in Europe. The Constitution of Ukraine applies the term 'Ukrainians' to all its citizens...	IE (Slavic, East)	53				—					—	Varzari2006
Welsh Welsh people The Welsh people are an ethnic group and nation associated with Wales and the Welsh language.John Davies argues that the origin of the "Welsh nation" can be traced to the late 4th and early 5th centuries, following the Roman departure from Britain, although Brythonic Celtic languages seem to have... (Anglesey Anglesey Anglesey , also known by its Welsh name Ynys Môn , is an island and, as Isle of Anglesey, a county off the north west coast of Wales... )	IE (Celtic)	88			—		—	—	—	—	—	Wilson2001
Welsh Welsh people The Welsh people are an ethnic group and nation associated with Wales and the Welsh language.John Davies argues that the origin of the "Welsh nation" can be traced to the late 4th and early 5th centuries, following the Roman departure from Britain, although Brythonic Celtic languages seem to have... (Anglesey)	IE (Celtic)	196	—	—		—	—	—	—	—	—	Rootsi2004

Chronological development of haplogroups found in Europe

Listed here are notable groups from Europe and their chronological development based on relevant studies

Haplogroup	Possible time of origin	Possible place of origin	Highest frequencies
K	40,000 years ago	South Asia or West Asia
T	30,000 years ago	West Asia
J	30,000 years ago	Middle East
R	28,000 years ago	Central Asia
E1b1b-M35	26,000 years ago	East Africa
I	25,000 years ago	Balkans
R1a1	21,000 years ago	Southern Russia
R1b	20,000 years ago	Around the Caspian Sea or Central Asia
E1b1b-M78	18,000 years ago	Egypt/Libya
G	17,000 years ago	Between India and the Caucasus
I2	17,000 years ago	Balkans
J2	15,000 years ago	Northern Mesopotamia
I2b	13,000 years ago	Central Europe
N1c1	12,000 years ago	Siberia
I2a	11,000 years ago	Balkans
R1b1b2	10,000 years ago	North or south of the Caucasus
J1	10,000 years ago	Arabian peninsula
E1b1b-V13	10,000 years ago	Balkans
I2b1	9,000 years ago	Germany
I2a1	8,000 years ago	Sardinia
I2a2	7,500 years ago	Dinaric Alps
E1b1b-M81	5,500 years ago	Maghreb
I1	5,000 years ago	Scandinavia
R1b-L21	4,000 years ago	Central or Eastern Europe
R1b-S28	3,500 years ago	around the Alps
R1b-S21	3,000 years ago	Frisia or Central Europe
I2b1a	< 3,000 years ago	Britain

External links

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Frequencies in some ethnic groups in Europe

Chronological development of haplogroups found in Europe

See also

External links