Y-DNA haplogroups by populations of Sub-Saharan Africa

Listed here are the human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroups

Human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroups

In human genetics, a Human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup is a haplogroup defined by differences in the non-recombining portions of DNA from the Y chromosome ....

found in various ethnic groups and populations from Sub-Saharan Africa
Sub-Saharan Africa
Sub-Saharan Africa as a geographical term refers to the area of the African continent which lies south of the Sahara. A political definition of Sub-Saharan Africa, instead, covers all African countries which are fully or partially located south of the Sahara...

. Based on relevant studies, the samples are taken from individuals identified by linguistic designation (AA=Afroasiatic, KS=Khoisan

Khoisan languages

The Khoisan languages are the click languages of Africa which do not belong to other language families. They include languages indigenous to southern and eastern Africa, though some, such as the Khoi languages, appear to have moved to their current locations not long before the Bantu expansion...

, NS=Nilo-Saharan

Nilo-Saharan languages

The Nilo-Saharan languages are a proposed family of African languages spoken by some 50 million people, mainly in the upper parts of the Chari and Nile rivers , including historic Nubia, north of where the two tributaries of Nile meet...

and NC=Niger–Congo

Niger–Congo languages

The Niger–Congo languages constitute one of the world's major language families, and Africa's largest in terms of geographical area, number of speakers, and number of distinct languages. They may constitute the world's largest language family in terms of distinct languages, although this question...

). The table below's third column gives the total sample size studied, and the other columns indicate the percentage observed of the particular haplogroup.

Population	Language group	n	A Haplogroup A (Y-DNA) In human genetics, Haplogroup A refers to a group of y-chromosome lineages that were among the first to branch off from the root of the human y-chromosome phylogeny...	B Haplogroup B (Y-DNA) In human genetics, Haplogroup B is a Y-chromosome haplogroup.-Distribution:Haplogroup B is localized to sub-Saharan Africa, especially to tropical forests of West-Central Africa. After Y-haplogroup A, it is the second oldest and one of the most diverse human Y-haplogroups...	E1a Haplogroup E1a (Y-DNA) In human genetics, Haplogroup E1a is a human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup. Haplogroup E1a, along with haplogroup E1b, is one of the two main branches of the older E1. The E1a clade is divided into several subclades.- Distribution :...	E1b1a	E1b1b	E2 Haplogroup E2 (Y-DNA) In human genetics, Haplogroup E2 is a human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup. Haplogroup E2, along with haplogroup E1, is one of the two main branches of the older Haplogroup E.-Distribution:...	J Haplogroup J (Y-DNA) In human genetics, Haplogroup J is a Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup. It is one of the major male lines of all living men...	R1 Haplogroup R1 (Y-DNA) In human genetics, Haplogroup R1 is a Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup, a subgroup of haplogroup R, associated with the M173 mutation. It is dominated in practice by two very common Eurasian clades, R1a and R1b, which together are found all over Eurasia except in Southeast Asia and East Asia...	T Haplogroup T (Y-DNA) In human genetics, Haplogroup T is a human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup. From 2002 to 2008, it was known as Haplogroup K2. It should not be confused with the mitochondrial DNA haplogroup T, of the same name....	Reference
Afro-AsiaticAfroasiatic from: Ethiopia, Cameroon, Egypt, Tunisia.	Afro-Asiatic (AA)	236	5.5	3.8	0.4	3.3	34.8	0.8	19.5	R1b=20.8	3.8	Wood 2005
Alur Alur Alur may refer to:Alur people of Uganda and the Democratic Republic of the Congo.Alur language, the language spoken by the Alur people*Alur, Afghanistan, a town in AfghanistanAlur may also refer to several Panchayat and villages in India,...	Nilotic Nilotic languages The Nilotic languages are a group of Eastern Sudanic languages spoken across a wide area between southern Sudan and Tanzania by the Nilotic peoples, particularly associated with cattle-herding... (NS Nilo-Saharan languages The Nilo-Saharan languages are a proposed family of African languages spoken by some 50 million people, mainly in the upper parts of the Chari and Nile rivers , including historic Nubia, north of where the two tributaries of Nile meet... )	9	22	0	0	11	0	67	0	0	0	Wood 2005
Amhara Amhara people Amhara are a highland people inhabiting the Northwestern highlands of Ethiopia. Numbering about 19.8 million people, they comprise 26% of the country's population, according to the 2007 national census... (Ethiopia Ethiopia Ethiopia , officially known as the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, is a country located in the Horn of Africa. It is the second-most populous nation in Africa, with over 82 million inhabitants, and the tenth-largest by area, occupying 1,100,000 km2... )	Semitic Semitic languages The Semitic languages are a group of related languages whose living representatives are spoken by more than 270 million people across much of the Middle East, North Africa and the Horn of Africa... (AA)	48	14.6	2.1	0	-	35.4	0	33.3	0	4.2	Hassan 2008
Bamileke Bamileke The Bamileke is a folk whose native ancestral area is in the western highlands of Cameroon's West Province, west of the Noun River and southeast of the Bamboutos Mountains and in the Moungo region of the Littoral, Southwest, and Centre Provinces. They are a part of the Semi-Bantu ethnic groups...	Bantoid Bantoid languages In the classification of African languages, Bantoid is a branch of the Benue–Congo subfamily of the Niger–Congo phylum. The term 'Bantoid' was first used by Krause in 1895 for languages that showed resemblances in vocabulary to Bantu... (NC Niger–Congo languages The Niger–Congo languages constitute one of the world's major language families, and Africa's largest in terms of geographical area, number of speakers, and number of distinct languages. They may constitute the world's largest language family in terms of distinct languages, although this question... )	85	0	0	0	100	0	0	0	0	0	Luis 2004
Bantus (Gabon Gabon Gabon , officially the Gabonese Republic is a state in west central Africa sharing borders with Equatorial Guinea to the northwest, Cameroon to the north, and with the Republic of the Congo curving around the east and south. The Gulf of Guinea, an arm of the Atlantic Ocean is to the west... )	Bantu Bantu languages The Bantu languages constitute a traditional sub-branch of the Niger–Congo languages. There are about 250 Bantu languages by the criterion of mutual intelligibility, though the distinction between language and dialect is often unclear, and Ethnologue counts 535 languages... (NC)	795	0.5	6.7	0.2	79.4	0.1	6.2	0	5.5	0	Berniell 2009
Bantus (Kenya Kenya Kenya , officially known as the Republic of Kenya, is a country in East Africa that lies on the equator, with the Indian Ocean to its south-east... )	Bantu Bantu languages The Bantu languages constitute a traditional sub-branch of the Niger–Congo languages. There are about 250 Bantu languages by the criterion of mutual intelligibility, though the distinction between language and dialect is often unclear, and Ethnologue counts 535 languages... (NC)	29	13.8	3.4	0	51.7	13.7	17.2	0	0	0	Hurles 2005
Bantus (Tanzania Tanzania The United Republic of Tanzania is a country in East Africa bordered by Kenya and Uganda to the north, Rwanda, Burundi, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the west, and Zambia, Malawi, and Mozambique to the south. The country's eastern borders lie on the Indian Ocean.Tanzania is a state... )Tanzania: Turu, Mbugwe, Wairak, Sukuma.	Bantu Bantu languages The Bantu languages constitute a traditional sub-branch of the Niger–Congo languages. There are about 250 Bantu languages by the criterion of mutual intelligibility, though the distinction between language and dialect is often unclear, and Ethnologue counts 535 languages... (NC)	110	2.7	9.1	-	48.2	21.8	16.4	0	0	1.8
Bantus (South Africa South Africa The Republic of South Africa is a country in southern Africa. Located at the southern tip of Africa, it is divided into nine provinces, with of coastline on the Atlantic and Indian oceans... )South Africa: Sotho–Tswana, Xhosa, Zulu.	Southern Bantu Southern Bantu languages The Southern Bantu languages are large group of Bantu languages, largely validated in Janson . They are nearly synonymous with Guthrie's Bantu zone S, apart from the exclusion of Shona and the inclusion of Makua... (NC)	137	5.1	10.9	0	54.7	4.4	21.2	0	0	0	Wood 2005
Bantus (South-Eastern)	Bantu Bantu languages The Bantu languages constitute a traditional sub-branch of the Niger–Congo languages. There are about 250 Bantu languages by the criterion of mutual intelligibility, though the distinction between language and dialect is often unclear, and Ethnologue counts 535 languages... (NC Niger–Congo languages The Niger–Congo languages constitute one of the world's major language families, and Africa's largest in terms of geographical area, number of speakers, and number of distinct languages. They may constitute the world's largest language family in terms of distinct languages, although this question... )	343	5.0	16.3	--	66.2	1.5	10.2	--	0	--	Naidoo 2010
Beja Beja people The Beja people are an ethnic group dwelling in parts of North Africa and the Horn of Africa.-Geography:The Beja are found mostly in Sudan, but also in parts of Eritrea, and Egypt...	Cushitic Cushitic languages The Cushitic languages are a branch of the Afroasiatic language family spoken in the Horn of Africa, Tanzania, Kenya, Sudan and Egypt. They are named after the Biblical character Cush, who was identified as an ancestor of the speakers of these specific languages as early as AD 947... (AA)	42	4.8	0	0	0	52.4	0	38.1	R1b=4.8	0	Hassan 2008
Benin Benin Benin , officially the Republic of Benin, is a country in West Africa. It borders Togo to the west, Nigeria to the east and Burkina Faso and Niger to the north. Its small southern coastline on the Bight of Benin is where a majority of the population is located... (Fon Fon people The Fon people, or Fon nu, are a major West African ethnic and linguistic group in the country of Benin, and southwest Nigeria, made up of more than 3,500,000 people. The Fon language is the main language spoken in Southern Benin, and is a member of the Gbe language group... )	Gbe Gbe languages The Gbe languages form a cluster of about twenty related languages stretching across the area between eastern Ghana and western Nigeria. The total number of speakers of Gbe languages is between four and eight million. The most widely spoken Gbe language is Ewe , followed by Fon... (NC)	100	0	0	0	95	0	5	0	0	0	Luis 2004
Berbers	Berber Berber languages The Berber languages are a family of languages indigenous to North Africa, spoken from Siwa Oasis in Egypt to Morocco , and south to the countries of the Sahara Desert... (AA)	64	3	0	2	5	80	0	6	0	0	Cruciani2002
Burkina Faso Burkina Faso Burkina Faso – also known by its short-form name Burkina – is a landlocked country in west Africa. It is surrounded by six countries: Mali to the north, Niger to the east, Benin to the southeast, Togo and Ghana to the south, and Côte d'Ivoire to the southwest.Its size is with an estimated... Burkina Faso ethnic groups: Mossi, Rimaibe, Fulbe.	Niger–Congo Niger–Congo languages The Niger–Congo languages constitute one of the world's major language families, and Africa's largest in terms of geographical area, number of speakers, and number of distinct languages. They may constitute the world's largest language family in terms of distinct languages, although this question... (NC)	106	0	0.9	3.8	81.1	2.8	11.3	0	0	0	Cruciani2002
Burunge	Cushitic Cushitic languages The Cushitic languages are a branch of the Afroasiatic language family spoken in the Horn of Africa, Tanzania, Kenya, Sudan and Egypt. They are named after the Biblical character Cush, who was identified as an ancestor of the speakers of these specific languages as early as AD 947... (AA)	24	0	25	--	4	33	--	--	--	--	Tishkoff 2007
Cameroon Cameroon Cameroon, officially the Republic of Cameroon , is a country in west Central Africa. It is bordered by Nigeria to the west; Chad to the northeast; the Central African Republic to the east; and Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, and the Republic of the Congo to the south. Cameroon's coastline lies on the... (North)Adamawa Cameroon: Fali, Tali, mixed.	Adamawa Adamawa languages The Adamawa languages are a putative family of 80–90 languages scattered across the Adamawa Plateau in central Africa, in Nigeria, Cameroon, Central African Republic, and Chad, spoken altogether by only one and a half million people . Joseph Greenberg classified them as one branch of the... (NC)	72	1.4	12.5	4.2	54.2	0	0	0	27.8	0	Cruciani2002
Cameroon Cameroon Cameroon, officially the Republic of Cameroon , is a country in west Central Africa. It is bordered by Nigeria to the west; Chad to the northeast; the Central African Republic to the east; and Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, and the Republic of the Congo to the south. Cameroon's coastline lies on the... (North)Chadic Cameroon: Ouldeme, Daba, mixed.	Chadic (AA)	54	1.8	3.7	0	13.0	3.7	7.4	0	70.4	0	Cruciani2002
Cameroon Cameroon Cameroon, officially the Republic of Cameroon , is a country in west Central Africa. It is bordered by Nigeria to the west; Chad to the northeast; the Central African Republic to the east; and Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, and the Republic of the Congo to the south. Cameroon's coastline lies on the... (South)Southern Cameroon: Bamileke, Ewondo, Bakaka.	Bantoid Bantoid languages In the classification of African languages, Bantoid is a branch of the Benue–Congo subfamily of the Niger–Congo phylum. The term 'Bantoid' was first used by Krause in 1895 for languages that showed resemblances in vocabulary to Bantu... (NC)	89	0	5.6	0	93.3	0	0	0	1.1	0	Cruciani2002
R.D. Congo Democratic Republic of the Congo The Democratic Republic of the Congo is a state located in Central Africa. It is the second largest country in Africa by area and the eleventh largest in the world... (East)RDC: Nande, Hema.	Bantu Bantu languages The Bantu languages constitute a traditional sub-branch of the Niger–Congo languages. There are about 250 Bantu languages by the criterion of mutual intelligibility, though the distinction between language and dialect is often unclear, and Ethnologue counts 535 languages... (NC)	36	2.8	0	0	63.9	13.9	19.4	0	0	0	Wood 2005
Copts (Sudanese)	Egyptian Egyptian language Egyptian is the oldest known indigenous language of Egypt and a branch of the Afroasiatic language family. Written records of the Egyptian language have been dated from about 3400 BC, making it one of the oldest recorded languages known. Egyptian was spoken until the late 17th century AD in the... /Arabic Egyptian Arabic Egyptian Arabic is the language spoken by contemporary Egyptians.It is more commonly known locally as the Egyptian colloquial language or Egyptian dialect .... (AA)	33	0	15.2	0	0	21.2	0	45.5	-	-	R1b=15.2
Cross River Cross River State Cross River State is a coastal state in southeastern Nigeria, bordering Cameroon to the east. Its capital is at Calabar, and it is named for the Cross River , which passes through the state... (Nigeria)	Cross River Cross River languages The Cross River or Delta–Cross languages are a branch of the Benue–Congo language family in south-easternmost Nigeria posited by Joseph Greenberg... (NC)	1113	0	--	--	87	--	--	0	0	0	Veeramah2010
Datog	Nilotic Nilotic languages The Nilotic languages are a group of Eastern Sudanic languages spoken across a wide area between southern Sudan and Tanzania by the Nilotic peoples, particularly associated with cattle-herding... (NS)	35	3	3	--	11	54	--	--	--	--	Tishkoff 2007
Dinka	Nilotic Nilotic languages The Nilotic languages are a group of Eastern Sudanic languages spoken across a wide area between southern Sudan and Tanzania by the Nilotic peoples, particularly associated with cattle-herding... (NS)	26	62	23	0	0	15	0	0	0	0	Hassan 2008
Dogon Dogon people The Dogon are an ethnic group living in the central plateau region of Mali, south of the Niger bend near the city of Bandiagara in the Mopti region. The population numbers between 400,000 and 800,000 The Dogon are best known for their religious traditions, their mask dances, wooden sculpture and...	Dogon Dogon languages The Dogon languages are spoken by the Dogon of Mali. There are about 600,000 speakers of a dozen languages. They are tonal languages, most like Dogul having two tones, some like Donno So having three.... (NC)	55	1.8	7.3	45.5	43.6	0	1.8	0	0	0	Wood 2005
Ethiopians	Afro-Asiatic (AA)	242	17.8	0.8	0	-	48.8	0.4	26.9	0	3.7	Moran 2004
Ethiopian Jews	Cushitic Cushitic languages The Cushitic languages are a branch of the Afroasiatic language family spoken in the Horn of Africa, Tanzania, Kenya, Sudan and Egypt. They are named after the Biblical character Cush, who was identified as an ancestor of the speakers of these specific languages as early as AD 947... (AA)	22	41	0	0	0	50	0	5	0	5	Cruciani2002
FulbeFulbe from Burkina Faso and Cameroon.	Atlantic Atlantic languages The Atlantic or West Atlantic languages of West Africa are an obsolete proposed major group of the Niger–Congo languages. They are those languages west of Kru which have the noun-class systems characteristic of the Niger–Congo family; in this they are distinguished from their Mande neighbors, which... (NC)	37	5.4	0	29.7	48.6	--	0	0	--	8.1	Cruciani2002
Fulbe (Sudan)	Atlantic Atlantic languages The Atlantic or West Atlantic languages of West Africa are an obsolete proposed major group of the Niger–Congo languages. They are those languages west of Kru which have the noun-class systems characteristic of the Niger–Congo family; in this they are distinguished from their Mande neighbors, which... (NC)	26	0	0	0	0	34.6	0	0	53.8	0	Hassan 2008
Fulbe (Nigeria)	Atlantic Atlantic languages The Atlantic or West Atlantic languages of West Africa are an obsolete proposed major group of the Niger–Congo languages. They are those languages west of Kru which have the noun-class systems characteristic of the Niger–Congo family; in this they are distinguished from their Mande neighbors, which... (NC)	21	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	0	-	Cruciani2010
Fur Fur people The Fur are an ethnic group from western Sudan, principally inhabiting the region of Darfur where they are the largest tribe....	Fur Fur languages The Fur or For languages constitute a small, closely related family which are a proposed member of the Nilo-Saharan family. Fur in western Sudan had 500,000 speakers in 1983 , and Amdang in eastern Chad had 5,000 speakers.... (NS)	32	31.3	3.1	0	0	59.4	0	6.3	0	0	Hassan 2008
Ghana Ghana Ghana , officially the Republic of Ghana, is a country located in West Africa. It is bordered by Côte d'Ivoire to the west, Burkina Faso to the north, Togo to the east, and the Gulf of Guinea to the south... Ghana: Ewe, Ga, Fante.	Kwa Kwa languages The Kwa languages, often specified as New Kwa, are a proposed but as-yet-undemonstrated family of languages spoken in the south-eastern part of Côte d'Ivoire, across southern Ghana, and in central Togo... (NC)	91	0	0	2.2	92.3	1.1	0	0	1.1	0	Wood 2005
Hadza	Hadza Hadza language Hadza is a language isolate spoken by fewer than a thousand Hadza people along the shores of Lake Eyasi in Tanzania, the last full-time hunter-gatherers in Africa. Despite the small number of speakers, language use is vigorous, with most children learning it... (Isolate Language isolate A language isolate, in the absolute sense, is a natural language with no demonstrable genealogical relationship with other languages; that is, one that has not been demonstrated to descend from an ancestor common with any other language. They are in effect language families consisting of a single... /KS Khoisan languages The Khoisan languages are the click languages of Africa which do not belong to other language families. They include languages indigenous to southern and eastern Africa, though some, such as the Khoi languages, appear to have moved to their current locations not long before the Bantu expansion... )	80	0	57.5	-	26.2	15.0	-	-	-	-	Tishkoff 2007
Hausa Hausa people The Hausa are one of the largest ethnic groups in West Africa. They are a Sahelian people chiefly located in northern Nigeria and southeastern Niger, but having significant numbers living in regions of Cameroon, Ghana, Cote d'Ivoire, Chad and Sudan... (Sudan)	Chadic Chadic languages The Chadic languages constitute a language family of perhaps 200 languages spoken across northern Nigeria, Niger, Chad, Central African Republic and Cameroon, belonging to the Afroasiatic phylum... (AA)	32	12.5	15.6	0	12.5	3.1	0	0	R1b=40.6	0	Hassan 2008
Hema Hema people The Hema, or Hima, are an ethnic group with about 160,000 members located in the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo, in particular the Ituri region and Orientale province, as well as parts of Uganda and Rwanda...	Northeast Bantu Northeast Bantu The Northeast Bantu languages are a group of Bantu languages of East African which share a phonological innovation called Dahl's Law that is unlikely to be borrowed... (NC)	18	6	0	2.2	28	28	39	0	0	0	Wood 2005
Hutu Hutu The Hutu , or Abahutu, are a Central African people, living mainly in Rwanda, Burundi, and eastern DR Congo.-Population statistics:The Hutu are the largest of the three peoples in Burundi and Rwanda; according to the United States Central Intelligence Agency, 84% of Rwandans and 85% of Burundians... (Rwanda)	Northeast Bantu (NC)	69	0	4	0	83	3	8	0	1	0	Luis 2004
Igbo Igbo people Igbo people, also referred to as the Ibo, Ebo, Eboans or Heebo are an ethnic group living chiefly in southeastern Nigeria. They speak Igbo, which includes various Igboid languages and dialects; today, a majority of them speak English alongside Igbo as a result of British colonialism... Calculated by averaging the haplogroup frequencies of the IG-C (Calabar), IG-E (Enugu) and IG-N (Nenwe) Igbo samples (see Table 1) in Table 4.	Volta–Niger Volta–Niger languages The Volta–Niger family of languages, also known as West Benue–Congo or East Kwa, is one of the branches of the Niger–Congo language family, with perhaps 50 million speakers... (NC)	209	A3b2=0	-	-	89.3	-	-	0	-	0	Veeramah 2010
Iraqw	Cushitic Cushitic languages The Cushitic languages are a branch of the Afroasiatic language family spoken in the Horn of Africa, Tanzania, Kenya, Sudan and Egypt. They are named after the Biblical character Cush, who was identified as an ancestor of the speakers of these specific languages as early as AD 947... (AA)	9	0	22	0	11	56	0	0	0	0	Wood 2005
Khoisan Khoisan Khoisan is a unifying name for two ethnic groups of Southern Africa, who share physical and putative linguistic characteristics distinct from the Bantu majority of the region. Culturally, the Khoisan are divided into the foraging San and the pastoral Khoi... Khoisan: Kung/Sekele, Tsumkwe San, Dama, Nama.	Khoisan Khoisan languages The Khoisan languages are the click languages of Africa which do not belong to other language families. They include languages indigenous to southern and eastern Africa, though some, such as the Khoi languages, appear to have moved to their current locations not long before the Bantu expansion... (KS)	90	47.7	14.4	0	24.4	6.7	2.2	1.1	0	0	Wood 2005
Khoisan Khoisan Khoisan is a unifying name for two ethnic groups of Southern Africa, who share physical and putative linguistic characteristics distinct from the Bantu majority of the region. Culturally, the Khoisan are divided into the foraging San and the pastoral Khoi...	Khoisan Khoisan languages The Khoisan languages are the click languages of Africa which do not belong to other language families. They include languages indigenous to southern and eastern Africa, though some, such as the Khoi languages, appear to have moved to their current locations not long before the Bantu expansion... (KS)	183	44.3	11.5	0	23.0	16.4	1.6	0	R1b=1.6	0	Naidoo 2010
Khoisan Khoisan Khoisan is a unifying name for two ethnic groups of Southern Africa, who share physical and putative linguistic characteristics distinct from the Bantu majority of the region. Culturally, the Khoisan are divided into the foraging San and the pastoral Khoi... (South Africa South Africa The Republic of South Africa is a country in southern Africa. Located at the southern tip of Africa, it is divided into nine provinces, with of coastline on the Atlantic and Indian oceans... )Khoisan from South Africa: Khwe, Kung, and mixed.	Khoisan Khoisan languages The Khoisan languages are the click languages of Africa which do not belong to other language families. They include languages indigenous to southern and eastern Africa, though some, such as the Khoi languages, appear to have moved to their current locations not long before the Bantu expansion... (KS)	129	33.3	12.4	0	35.7	14.7	3.9	0	0	0	Tishkoff 2007
Kikuyu & Kamba	Northeast Bantu Northeast Bantu The Northeast Bantu languages are a group of Bantu languages of East African which share a phonological innovation called Dahl's Law that is unlikely to be borrowed... (NC)	42	2	2	0	73	19	0	0	0	0	Wood 2005
ǃKung	Northern Khoisan (KS)	64	36	8	0	39	11	6	0	0	0	Cruciani2002
Luo	Nilotic Nilotic languages The Nilotic languages are a group of Eastern Sudanic languages spoken across a wide area between southern Sudan and Tanzania by the Nilotic peoples, particularly associated with cattle-herding... (NS)	9	11	22	0	66	0	0	0	0	0	Wood 2005
Maasai	Nilotic Nilotic languages The Nilotic languages are a group of Eastern Sudanic languages spoken across a wide area between southern Sudan and Tanzania by the Nilotic peoples, particularly associated with cattle-herding... (NS)	26	27	8	0	16	50	0	0	0	0	Wood 2005
Malagasy Madagascar The Republic of Madagascar is an island country located in the Indian Ocean off the southeastern coast of Africa...	Malayo-Polynesian	35	0	8.6	0	34.3	0	8.6	5.7	-	0	O Haplogroup O (Y-DNA) In human genetics, Haplogroup O is a Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup. Haplogroup O is a close cladistic brother group with Haplogroup N, and is one of several descendants of Haplogroup K .... =34.3%
Mandinka Mandinka people The Mandinka, Malinke are one of the largest ethnic groups in West Africa with an estimated population of eleven million ....	Mande Mande languages The Mande languages are spoken in several countries in West Africa by the Mandé people and include Mandinka, Soninke, Bambara, Bissa, Dioula, Kagoro, Bozo, Mende, Susu, Yacouba, Vai, and Ligbi... (NC)	39	5	3	3	79	8	3	0	0	0	Wood 2005
Masalit	Maban Maban languages The Maban languages are a small family of languages which have also been included in the proposed Nilo-Saharan family. Maban is spoken in Chad, the Central African Republic, Sudan , and South Sudan, and includes the following languages:... (NS)	32	18.8	3.1	0	0	71.9	0	6.3	0	0	Hassan 2008
Mossi	Gur (NC)	49	0	2	--	90	2	--	--	--	--	Tishkoff 2007
Namibia Namibia Namibia, officially the Republic of Namibia , is a country in southern Africa whose western border is the Atlantic Ocean. It shares land borders with Angola and Zambia to the north, Botswana to the east and South Africa to the south and east. It gained independence from South Africa on 21 March... (Nama)	Khoikhoi (KS)	11	64	0	0	18	9	0	0	-	0	Wood 2005
Nande Nande language Nande, also known as Ndandi and Yira, is a Bantu language spoken in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.The Nande of Congo and the Konjo people of Uganda are a single ethnic group, which they call Yira . They trace their origins to the Ruwenzori Mountains between the two countries. The languages...	Northeast Bantu Northeast Bantu The Northeast Bantu languages are a group of Bantu languages of East African which share a phonological innovation called Dahl's Law that is unlikely to be borrowed... (NC)	18	0	0	0	100	0	0	0	0	0	Wood 2005
Niger–CongoNiger–Congo from: Gambia, Senegal, Mali, Ghana, Cameroon, CAR, DRC, Tanzania, Kenya, Uganda, Namibia, South Africa, and Zimbabwe.	Niger–Congo Niger–Congo languages The Niger–Congo languages constitute one of the world's major language families, and Africa's largest in terms of geographical area, number of speakers, and number of distinct languages. They may constitute the world's largest language family in terms of distinct languages, although this question... (NC)	705	2.7	9.6	4.5	68.2	3.9	6.9	0.1	1.4	0	Wood 2005
Nilo-SaharanNilo-Saharan: Alur, Mbuti (R.D.Congo), Massai, Luo (Kenya). Clade was exclusively carried by the Maasai amongst the Nilo-Saharan speakers - Appendix A	Nilo-Saharan Nilo-Saharan languages The Nilo-Saharan languages are a proposed family of African languages spoken by some 50 million people, mainly in the upper parts of the Chari and Nile rivers , including historic Nubia, north of where the two tributaries of Nile meet...	91	12.1	35.2	0	29.7	14.3	8.8	0	0	0	Wood 2005
Nilo-SaharanNilo-Saharan: 14 populations from R.D.Congo, Kenya, Sudan, Tanzania and Cameroon	Nilo-Saharan Nilo-Saharan languages The Nilo-Saharan languages are a proposed family of African languages spoken by some 50 million people, mainly in the upper parts of the Chari and Nile rivers , including historic Nubia, north of where the two tributaries of Nile meet...	345	23.2	17.4	--	9.9	33.9	2.6	6.1	--	--	See Nilo-Saharans in Wood 2005, Hassan 2008, Tishkoff 2007 and Cruciani 2002
Nubians	Nubian Nubian languages The Nubian language group, according to the most recent research by Bechhaus-Gerst comprises the following varieties:# Nobiin .... (NS), Arabic Arabic languages The Arabic language family consists ofClassical Arabic and its descendants, including* Modern Standard Arabic and colloquial varieties of Arabic The various Judeo-Arabic languages Maltese... (AA)	39	0	7.7	0	0	23.1	0	43.6	R1b=10.3	0	Hassan 2008
Nuba	Nuba (NS)	28	46.4	14.3	0	0	39.3	0	0	0	0	Hassan 2008
Nuer	Nilotic Nilotic languages The Nilotic languages are a group of Eastern Sudanic languages spoken across a wide area between southern Sudan and Tanzania by the Nilotic peoples, particularly associated with cattle-herding... (NS)	12	33.3	50	0	0	16.7	0	0	0	0	Hassan 2008
Oromo Oromo people The Oromo are an ethnic group found in Ethiopia, northern Kenya, .and parts of Somalia. With 30 million members, they constitute the single largest ethnic group in Ethiopia and approximately 34.49% of the population according to the 2007 census... (Ethiopia Ethiopia Ethiopia , officially known as the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, is a country located in the Horn of Africa. It is the second-most populous nation in Africa, with over 82 million inhabitants, and the tenth-largest by area, occupying 1,100,000 km2... )	Cushitic Cushitic languages The Cushitic languages are a branch of the Afroasiatic language family spoken in the Horn of Africa, Tanzania, Kenya, Sudan and Egypt. They are named after the Biblical character Cush, who was identified as an ancestor of the speakers of these specific languages as early as AD 947... (AA)	78	10.3	1.3	0	-	62.8	1.3	3.8	0	5.1	Hassan 2008
Ouldeme Wuzlam language Wuzlam, also called Uldeme, is an Afro-Asiatic language spoken in northern Cameroon.-References:* * Veronique de Colombel. 1997. La langue ouldeme nord-Cameroun: précis de grammaire, texte, lexique. Paris: Association LInguistique Africaine....	Chadic Chadic languages The Chadic languages constitute a language family of perhaps 200 languages spoken across northern Nigeria, Niger, Chad, Central African Republic and Cameroon, belonging to the Afroasiatic phylum... (AA)	13	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	R1b=95.5	-	Cruciani2010
Pygmy Pygmy Pygmy is a term used for various ethnic groups worldwide whose average height is unusually short; anthropologists define pygmy as any group whose adult men grow to less than 150 cm in average height. A member of a slightly taller group is termed "pygmoid." The best known pygmies are the Aka,... (Mbuti Mbuti Mbuti or Bambuti are one of several indigenous pygmy groups in the Congo region of Africa. Their languages belong to the Central Sudanic and also to Bantu languages.-Overview:... )	Central Sudanic Central Sudanic languages Starostin notes that the poorly attested language Mimi of Decorse is suggestive of Central Sudanic, though he provisionally treats it as an isolate.-References:... (NS)	47	2	59	0	34	0	4	0	0	0	Wood 2005
Pygmy Pygmy Pygmy is a term used for various ethnic groups worldwide whose average height is unusually short; anthropologists define pygmy as any group whose adult men grow to less than 150 cm in average height. A member of a slightly taller group is termed "pygmoid." The best known pygmies are the Aka,... (Western Mbenga people The Mbenga people, Bambenga, are the western pygmies of Cameroon and Gabon: the,Aka ,Baka ,Gyele,Kola , and*Bongo.... )Pygmies: Baka, Bakola.	Niger–Congo (NC)	60	5	53.3	-	28.3	0	-	0	3.3	0	Berniell 2009
Sandawe	Sandawe (tentative/KS)	68	4	14	-	43	34	-	-	-	-	Tishkoff 2007
Senegal Senegal Senegal , officially the Republic of Senegal , is a country in western Africa. It owes its name to the Sénégal River that borders it to the east and north... ese	Niger–Congo (NC)	139	0	0	5.0	81.3	6.5	2.9	0	0	0	Hassan 2008
Shilluk	Nilotic Nilotic languages The Nilotic languages are a group of Eastern Sudanic languages spoken across a wide area between southern Sudan and Tanzania by the Nilotic peoples, particularly associated with cattle-herding... (NS)	15	53.3	26.7	0	0	20	0	0	0	0	Hassan 2008
Shuwa Arabs	Arabic Chadian Arabic Chadian Arabic is one of the regional colloquial Arabic languages. "Shuwa Arabic" properly refers only to its Nigerian dialects, and even then, it is a term not used by the speakers themselves... (AA)	5	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	R1b=40	-	Cruciani2010
Somalis Somali people Somalis are an ethnic group located in the Horn of Africa, also known as the Somali Peninsula. The overwhelming majority of Somalis speak the Somali language, which is part of the Cushitic branch of the Afro-Asiatic language family...	Cushitic (AA)	201	0.5	1.0	0	1.5	81.1	0.5	3.0	R1a=1.0	10.4	Sanchez2005
South African Whites	Indo-European Indo-European Indo-European may refer to:* Indo-European languages** Aryan race, a 19th century and early 20th century term for those peoples who are the native speakers of Indo-European languages...	157	0	0	0.6	0.6	9.6	0	3.8	R1b=51.6	--	Others=33.8
Sudan Sudan Sudan , officially the Republic of the Sudan , is a country in North Africa, sometimes considered part of the Middle East politically. It is bordered by Egypt to the north, the Red Sea to the northeast, Eritrea and Ethiopia to the east, South Sudan to the south, the Central African Republic to the... (Arabs)Northern Sudan: Gaalien, Meseria, Arakien.	Semitic Semitic languages The Semitic languages are a group of related languages whose living representatives are spoken by more than 270 million people across much of the Middle East, North Africa and the Horn of Africa... (AA)	102	2.9	0	0	0	16.7	0	47.1	R1b=15.7	0	Hassan 2008
South Sudan South Sudan South Sudan , officially the Republic of South Sudan, is a landlocked country located in the Sahel region of northeastern Africa. It is also part of the North Africa UN sub-region. Its current capital is Juba, which is also its largest city; the capital city is planned to be moved to the more... (Nilotic)South Sudan: Dinka, Shilluk, Nuer.	Nilotic Nilotic languages The Nilotic languages are a group of Eastern Sudanic languages spoken across a wide area between southern Sudan and Tanzania by the Nilotic peoples, particularly associated with cattle-herding... (NS)	81	50.6	24.7	0	0	24.7	0	0	-	0	Hassan 2008
West Sudan Western Sudan The Western Sudan is a historic region in the northern part of West Africa. Traditionally, the Western Sudan extends from the Atlantic Ocean across to the basin of Lake Chad and includes the savanna and Sahel lands north of the West African tropical rainforest belt... (Darfur Darfur Darfur is a region in western Sudan. An independent sultanate for several hundred years, it was incorporated into Sudan by Anglo-Egyptian forces in 1916. The region is divided into three federal states: West Darfur, South Darfur, and North Darfur... )Western Sudan: Fur, Masalit, Borgu. Clade introduced from North Africa. High frequencies likely due to a population bottleneck.	Nilo-Saharan Nilo-Saharan languages The Nilo-Saharan languages are a proposed family of African languages spoken by some 50 million people, mainly in the upper parts of the Chari and Nile rivers , including historic Nubia, north of where the two tributaries of Nile meet... (NS)	90	27.8	2.2	0	0	62.2	0	4.4	-	0	Hassan 2008
Tuareg (Burkina Faso)Tgor: Tuareg from Burkina Faso, around the village of Gorom-Gorom.	Tuareg Tuareg languages Tuareg is a Berber language or family of very closely related languages and dialects spoken by the Tuareg Berbers, in large parts of Mali, Niger, Algeria, Libya and Burkina Faso, with a few speakers, the Kinnin, in Chad.- Description :Other Berber languages and Tamashaq are quite mutually... (AA)	38	-	-	0	16.7	77.8	0	-	0	-	Pereira 2010
Tuareg (Mali)Tgos: Tuareg from Mali, near Gossi.	Tuareg Tuareg languages Tuareg is a Berber language or family of very closely related languages and dialects spoken by the Tuareg Berbers, in large parts of Mali, Niger, Algeria, Libya and Burkina Faso, with a few speakers, the Kinnin, in Chad.- Description :Other Berber languages and Tamashaq are quite mutually... (AA)	21	-	-	0	9.1	90.9	0	-	0	-	Pereira 2010
Tuareg (Niger)Ttan: Tuareg from Niger, in the vicinity of Tanut.	Tuareg Tuareg languages Tuareg is a Berber language or family of very closely related languages and dialects spoken by the Tuareg Berbers, in large parts of Mali, Niger, Algeria, Libya and Burkina Faso, with a few speakers, the Kinnin, in Chad.- Description :Other Berber languages and Tamashaq are quite mutually... (AA)	31	-	-	0	44.4	16.7	0	-	R1b=33.3	-	Pereira 2010
Tutsi Tutsi The Tutsi , or Abatutsi, are an ethnic group in Central Africa. Historically they were often referred to as the Watussi or Watusi. They are the second largest caste in Rwanda and Burundi, the other two being the Hutu and the Twa .... (Rwanda)	Northeast Bantu (NC)	94	0	15	0	80	1	4	0	0	0	Luis 2004
Wolof Wolof people The Wolof are an ethnic group found in Senegal, The Gambia, and Mauritania.In Senegal, the Wolof form an ethnic plurality with about 43.3% of the population are Wolofs...	Atlantic Atlantic languages The Atlantic or West Atlantic languages of West Africa are an obsolete proposed major group of the Niger–Congo languages. They are those languages west of Kru which have the noun-class systems characteristic of the Niger–Congo family; in this they are distinguished from their Mande neighbors, which... (NC)	34	0	0	12.0	68.0	12.0	3.0	0	0	-	Wood 2005
Yoruba Yoruba people The Yoruba people are one of the largest ethnic groups in West Africa. The majority of the Yoruba speak the Yoruba language...	Volta–Niger Volta–Niger languages The Volta–Niger family of languages, also known as West Benue–Congo or East Kwa, is one of the branches of the Niger–Congo language family, with perhaps 50 million speakers... (NC)	13	0	8	0	92	0	0	0	0	0	Tishkoff 2007
Xhosa	Southern Bantu Southern Bantu languages The Southern Bantu languages are large group of Bantu languages, largely validated in Janson . They are nearly synonymous with Guthrie's Bantu zone S, apart from the exclusion of Shona and the inclusion of Makua... (NC)	80	5	5	0	54	5	28	0	0	0	Wood 2005
Zulu	Southern Bantu Southern Bantu languages The Southern Bantu languages are large group of Bantu languages, largely validated in Janson . They are nearly synonymous with Guthrie's Bantu zone S, apart from the exclusion of Shona and the inclusion of Makua... (NC)	29	3	20	0	55	0	21	0	0	0	Wood 2005

See also