Wettstein system
Encyclopedia
A system of plant taxonomy, the Wettstein system recognised the following main groups, according to

  • I. phylum Schizophyta
    1. classis Schizophyceae
    2. classis Schizomycetes
  • II. phylum Monadophyta
  • III. phylum Myxophyta
  • IV. phylum Conjugatophyta
  • V. phylum Bacillariophyta
  • VI. phylum Conjugatae
  • VII. phylum Rhodophyta
    1. classis Bangieae
    2. classis Florideae
  • VIII. phylum Euthallophyta
    1. classis Chlorophyceae
    2. classis Fungi
    A. Eumycetes
    1. subclassis Phycomycetes
    2. subclassis Ascomycetes
    3. subclassis Basidiomycetes
    B. Lichenes
    1. subclassis Ascolichenes
    2. subclassis Basidiolichenes
  • IX. phylum Cormophyta
    I. divisio Archegoniatae
    1. subdivisio Bryophyta
    1. classis Musci
    2. classis Hepaticae
    2. subdivisio Pteridophyta
    1. classis Psilophytinae
    2. classis Lycopodiinae
    3. classis Psilotinae
    4. classis Articulatae
    5. classis Filicinae
    II. divisio Anthophyta
    1. subdivisio Gymnospermae
    1. classis Pteridospermae
    2. classis Cycadinae
    3. classis Benettitinae
    4. classis Cordaïtinae
    5. classis Ginkgoinae
    6. classis Coniferae
    7. classis Gnetinae
    2. subdivisio Angiospermae
    1. classis Dicotyledones
    1. subclassis Choripetalae
    A. Monochlamideae
    B. Dialypetalae
    2. subclassis Sympetalae
    2. classis Monocotyledones

Gymnospermae

  • 1. subdivisio Gymnospermae
    1. classis Pteridospermae (fossil only)
    2. classis Cycadinae
    1. familia Cycadaceae
    2. familia Zamiaceae
    Zamiaceae
    The Zamiaceae are a family of cycads that are superficially palm or fern-like. They are divided into two subfamilies with eight genera and about 150 species in the tropical and warm temperate regions of Africa, Australia and North and South America....

    3. classis Benettitinae (fossil only)
    4. classis Cordaïtinae (fossil only)
    5. classis Ginkgoinae
    1. familia Ginkgoaceae
    Ginkgoaceae
    The Ginkgoaceae is a family of gymnosperms which appeared during the Mesozoic Era, of which the only extant representative is Ginkgo biloba, which is for this reason sometimes regarded as a living fossil...

    6. classis Coniferae
    1. familia Taxaceae
    Taxaceae
    The family Taxaceae, commonly called the yew family, includes three genera and about 7 to 12 species of coniferous plants, or in other interpretations , six genera and about 30 species....

    2. familia Cupressaceae
    Cupressaceae
    The Cupressaceae or cypress family is a conifer family with worldwide distribution. The family includes 27 to 30 genera , which include the junipers and redwoods, with about 130-140 species in total. They are monoecious, subdioecious or dioecious trees and shrubs from 1-116 m tall...

    3. familia Abietaceae
    Abietaceae
    thumb|right| Abies alba from Koehler Abietaceae Bercht. & J.Presl is a botanical name for a family of conifers. In some systems, such as the Wettstein system, this name was used for what now is the Pinaceae...

    7. classis Gnetinae
    1. familia Ephedraceae
    2. familia Gnetaceae
    3. familia Welwitschiaceae

Angiospermae

  • 2. subdivisio Angiospermae
    1. classis Dicotyledones
    1. subclassis Choripetalae
    A. Monochlamideae
    1. ordo Verticillatae
    familia Casuarinaceae
    Casuarinaceae
    Casuarinaceae is a family of dicotyledonous flowering plants placed in the order Fagales, consisting of 3 or 4 genera and approximately 70 species of trees and shrubs native to the Old World tropics , Australia, and the Pacific Islands...

    2. ordo Fagales
    Fagales
    The Fagales are an order of flowering plants, including some of the best known trees. The order name is derived from genus Fagus, Beeches. They belong among the rosid group of dicotyledons...

    1. familia Betulaceae
    Betulaceae
    Betulaceae, or the Birch Family, includes six genera of deciduous nut-bearing trees and shrubs, including the birches, alders, hazels, hornbeams and hop-hornbeams, numbering about 130 species...

    2. familia Fagaceae
    Fagaceae
    The family Fagaceae, or beech family, comprises about 900 species of both evergreen and deciduous trees and shrubs, which are characterized by alternate simple leaves with pinnate venation, unisexual flowers in the form of catkins, and fruit in the form of cup-like nuts. Fagaceous leaves are often...

    3. ordo Myricales
    familia Myricaceae
    Myricaceae
    The Myricaceae is a small family of dicotyledonous shrubs and small trees in the order Fagales. There are three genera in the family, although some botanists separate many species from Myrica into a fourth genus Morella...

    4. ordo Leitneriales
    familia Leitneriaceae
    5. ordo Juglandales
    Juglandales
    Juglandales is a botanical name for an order of flowering plants. This order was recognised in several systems...

    1. familia Julianiaceae
    2. familia Juglandaceae
    Juglandaceae
    The Juglandaceae, also known as the Walnut Family, is a family of trees, or sometimes shrubs, in the order Fagales. Various members of this family are native to the Americas, Eurasia, and Southeast Asia....

    6. ordo Salicales
    familia Salicaceae
    Salicaceae
    Salicaceae are a family of flowering plants. Recent genetic studies summarized by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group has greatly expanded the circumscription of the family to contain 55 genera....

    7. ordo Batidales
    familia Batidaceae [sic, now Bataceae]
    8. ordo Balanopsidales
    familia Balanopsidaceae [sic, now Balanopaceae]
    9. ordo Urticales
    Urticales
    Urticales is a botanical name for what used to be an order of flowering plants. Before molecular phylogenetics became an important part of plant taxonomy, Urticales was recognized in many, perhaps even most, systems of plant classification, with some variations in circumscription...

    1. familia Moraceae
    Moraceae
    Moraceae — often called the mulberry family or fig family — are a family of flowering plants comprising about 40 genera and over 1000 species. Most are widespread in tropical and subtropical regions, less so in temperate climates...

    2. familia Cannabaceae
    Cannabaceae
    Cannabaceae are a small family of flowering plants. As now circumscribed, the family includes about 170 species grouped in about 11 genera, including Cannabis , Humulus and Celtis...

    3. familia Ulmaceae
    Ulmaceae
    Ulmaceae is a family of flowering plant that includes the elms , and the zelkovas . Members of the family are widely distributed throughout the north temperate zone, and have a scattered distribution elsewhere except for Australasia.The family was formerly sometimes treated to include the...

    4. familia Eucommiaceae
    5. familia Rhoipteleaceae
    Rhoipteleaceae
    Rhoiptelea is a monotypic genus of flowering plants in the Juglandaceae family. It contains a single species, Rhoiptelea chiliantha, commonly known as the horsetail tree. This genus was previously recognized in its own family, Rhoipteleaceae, but the APG III system of 2009 placed it in the...

    6. familia Urticaceae
    Urticaceae
    Urticaceae, or the nettle family, is a family of flowering plants. The family name comes from the genus Urtica . Urticaceae includes a number of well-known and useful plants, including the aforementioned nettles, Ramie , māmaki , and ajlai .The family includes approximately 2600 species, grouped...

    10. ordo Piperales
    Piperales
    Piperales is a botanical name for an order of flowering plants. It necessarily includes the family Piperaceae but otherwise has been treated variously over time...

    familia Piperaceae
    Piperaceae
    The Piperaceae, also known as the pepper family, is a large family of flowering plants. The group contains roughly 3,610 currently accepted species in five genera. The vast majority of peppers can be found within the two main genera: Piper and Peperomia .Members of the Piperaceae may be small...

    incertae sedis
    Incertae sedis
    , is a term used to define a taxonomic group where its broader relationships are unknown or undefined. Uncertainty at specific taxonomic levels is attributed by , , and similar terms.-Examples:*The fossil plant Paradinandra suecica could not be assigned to any...

    familia Saururaceae
    Saururaceae
    Saururaceae is a plant family comprising four genera and seven species of herbaceous flowering plants native to eastern and southern Asia and North America. The family has been recognised by most taxonomists, and is sometimes known as the "lizard's-tail family"...

    familia Chloranthaceae
    Chloranthaceae
    Chloranthaceae is the botanical name of a family of flowering plants. The family consists of four genera, totalling several dozen species, of herbaceous or woody plants occurring in Southeast Asia, the Pacific, Madagascar, Central & South America, and the West Indies...

    familia Lacistemonaceae
    11. ordo Proteales
    Proteales
    Proteales is the botanical name of an order of flowering plants. Such an order has been recognized by almost all taxonomists.-Families:The APG II system, of 2003, also recognizes this order, and places it in the clade eudicots with this circumscription:...

    familia Proteaceae
    Proteaceae
    Proteaceae is a family of flowering plants distributed in the Southern Hemisphere. The family comprises about 80 genera with about 1600 species. Together with the Platanaceae and Nelumbonaceae they make up the order Proteales. Well known genera include Protea, Banksia, Embothrium, Grevillea,...

    12. ordo Santalales
    Santalales
    Santalales is an order of flowering plants with a cosmopolitan distribution, but heavily concentrated in tropical and subtropical regions.Most have seeds without a testa, which is unusual for flowering plants...

    1. familia Santalaceae
    Santalaceae
    Santalaceae is a widely distributed family of flowering plants which, like other members of Santalales, are partially parasitic on other plants...

    2. familia Grubbiaceae
    Grubbiaceae
    Grubbiaceae is a family of flowering plants endemic to the Cape floristic region of South Africa. The family includes five species of leathery-leaved shrubs in two genera, Grubbia and Strobilocarpus. They are commonly known as sillyberry....

    3. familia Opiliaceae
    Opiliaceae
    Opiliaceae is the botanical name for a family of flowering plants. It consists of perhaps a dozen genera, totalling several dozen species of tropical woody plants. Several genera contain parasitic species. The biggest genus, in number of species and in stature of the individual plants, is...

    4. familia Octoknemaceae
    Octoknemaceae
    Octoknemaceae Soler. is a family of flowering plants. The family has been recognized by few taxonomists, these plants often being included in family Olacaceae.The APG II system of 2003 , does not recognize this family....

    5. familia Olacaceae
    Olacaceae
    Olacaceae is a family of flowering plants in the order Santalales. They are woody plants, native throughout the tropical regions of the world....

    6. familia Myzodendraceae
    7. familia Loranthaceae
    Loranthaceae
    Loranthaceae is a family of flowering plants, which has been universally recognized by taxonomists. It consists of about 75 genera and 1,000 species of woody plants, many of them hemi-parasites, all of them except three having the mistletoe habit...

    8. familia Balanophoraceae
    Balanophoraceae
    Balanophoraceae is a subtropical to tropical family of obligate parasitic flowering plants, notable for their unusual development and obscure affinities. The family consist of 17 genera and approximately 50 species...

    9. familia Cynomoriaceae
    13. ordo Polygonales
    Polygonales
    Polygonales was an order of flowering plants, recognized by several older systems, such as the Wettstein system, last revised in 1935, the Engler system, in its update of 1964, and the Cronquist system, 1981...

    familia Polygonaceae
    Polygonaceae
    Polygonaceae is a family of flowering plants known informally as the "knotweed family" or "smartweed family"— "buckwheat family" in the United States. The name is based on the genus Polygonum and was first used by Antoine Laurent de Jussieu in 1789 in his book, Genera Plantarum. The name refers...

    14. ordo Centrospermae
    Centrospermae
    Centrospermae is a descriptive botanical name, published in 1878 by Eichler, meaning "with the seed in the center", referring to the free-central placentation. It was used in the Engler system and the Wettstein system) for an order of flowering plants....

    1. familia Chenopodiaceae
    Chenopodiaceae
    Chenopodiaceae were a family of flowering plants, also called the Goosefoot Family. They are now included within family Amaranthaceae. The vast majority of Chenopods are weeds, and many are salt and drought tolerant. A few food crops also belong to the family: spinach, beets, chard, quinoa, and...

    2. familia Amaranthaceae
    Amaranthaceae
    The flowering plant family Amaranthaceae, the Amaranth family, contains about 176 genera and 2,400 species.- Description :Most of these species are herbs or subshrubs; very few are trees or climbers. Some species are succulent....

    3. familia Phytolaccaceae
    Phytolaccaceae
    Phytolaccaceae is the botanical name for a family of flowering plants. Such a family has been almost universally recognized by taxonomists, although its circumscription has varied. It is also known as the Pokeweed family....

    4. familia Thelygonaceae
    5. familia Nyctaginaceae
    Nyctaginaceae
    Nyctaginaceae, the Four O'Clock Family, is a family of around 33 genera and 290 species of flowering plants, widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions, with a few representatives in temperate regions...

    6. familia Aizoaceae
    Aizoaceae
    The Family Aizoaceae or Ficoidaceae is a taxon of dicotyledonous flowering plants containing 135 genera and about 1900 species. They are commonly known as stone plants or carpet weeds. Species that resemble stones or pebbles are sometimes called mesembs...

    7. familia Cactaceae
    [sic]
    9. familia Portulacaceae
    Portulacaceae
    Portulacaceae are a family of flowering plants, comprising about 20 genera with about 500 species, ranging from herbaceous plants to shrubs. The family has been recognised by most taxonomists, and is also known as the purslane family; it has a cosmopolitan distribution, with the highest diversity...

    10. familia Basellaceae
    Basellaceae
    Basellaceae is a family of flowering plants, in the order Caryophyllales in the clade core eudicots, according to the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group...

    11. familia Caryophyllaceae
    Caryophyllaceae
    The Caryophyllaceae, commonly called the pink family or carnation family, is a family of flowering plants. It is included in the dicotyledon order Caryophyllales in the APG III system, alongside 33 other families, including Amaranthaceae, Cactaceae and Polygonaceae...

    15. ordo Tricoccae
    1. familia Euphorbiaceae
    Euphorbiaceae
    Euphorbiaceae, the Spurge family are a large family of flowering plants with 300 genera and around 7,500 species. Most are herbs, but some, especially in the tropics, are also shrubs or trees. Some are succulent and resemble cacti....

    2. familia Daphniphyllaceae
    3. familia Dichapetalaceae
    Dichapetalaceae
    Dichapetalaceae is a family of flowering plants, consisting of 3 genera and about 165 species. Members of this family are trees, shrubs or lianas found in tropical and subtropical regions of the world....

    4. familia Buxaceae
    Buxaceae
    Buxaceae are a small family of four or five genera and about 90-120 species of flowering plants. They are shrubs and small trees, with a cosmopolitan distribution...

    5. familia Callitrichaceae
    16. ordo Hamamelidales
    Hamamelidales
    Hamamelidales is the botanical name of an order of flowering plants. The Cronquist system included the order in subclass Hamamelidae with the circumscription:* order Hamamelidales*: family Hamamelidaceae*: family Cercidiphyllaceae...

    1. familia Hamamelidaceae
    Hamamelidaceae
    The Hamamelidaceae is a family of flowering plants in the order Saxifragales, including 27 genera and about 80-90 species, all shrubs and small trees...

    2. familia Cercidiphyllaceae
    3. familia Eupteleaceae
    Eupteleaceae
    Eupteleaceae is a family of flowering plants.The family has been recognized by many taxonomists. The APG II system , recognizes it and places it in the order Ranunculales, in the clade eudicots. The family consists of a single genus Euptelea, with two species, native to eastern Asia.-External...

    4. familia Platanaceae
    Platanaceae
    Platanaceae is a family of flowering plants. It has been recognized by almost all taxonomists, and is sometimes called the "plane-tree family"....

    5. familia Myrothamnaceae
    Myrothamnaceae
    Myrothamnaceae is the botanical name for a family of flowering plants. Such a family has been recognized by most taxonomists, having been included in order Hamamelidales in the Cronquist system. The APG II system includes Myrothamnaceae in Gunneraceae but allows for the optional segregation of...

    [sic]
    B. Dialypetalae
    18. ordo Polycarpicae
    1. familia Magnoliaceae
    Magnoliaceae
    The Magnoliaceae, or Magnolia Family, is a flowering plant family in the order Magnoliales. It consists of two subfamilies:*Magnolioideae, of which Magnolia is the most well-known genus....

    2. familia Trochodendraceae
    Trochodendraceae
    Trochodendraceae is a family of flowering plants with two living genera found in southeast Asia. The two living species share the feature of secondary xylem without vessels, which is quite rare in angiosperms...

    3. familia Lactoridaceae
    4. familia Himantandraceae
    Himantandraceae
    Himantandraceae is the botanical name for a family of flowering plants. Such a family has been recognised by most taxonomists.The APG II system, of 2003 , also recognizes this family, and assigns it to the order Magnoliales in the clade magnoliids...

    5. familia Eupomatiaceae
    Eupomatiaceae
    Eupomatiaceae is the botanical name for a family of flowering plants. Such a family has been recognised by most taxonomists.The APG II system, of 2003 , also recognizes this family, and assigns it to the order Magnoliales in the clade magnoliids...

    6. familia Anonaceae [sic, now: Annonaceae
    Annonaceae
    Annonaceae, also called the custard apple familyis a family of flowering plants consisting of trees, shrubs or rarely lianas.With about 2300 to 2500 species and more than 130 genera,...

    ]
    7. familia Myristicaceae
    Myristicaceae
    Myristicaceae is the botanical name for a family of flowering plants. The family has been recognised by most taxonomists; it is sometimes called the "nutmeg family", after its most famous member, Nutmeg ....

    8. familia Canellaceae
    Canellaceae
    The Canellaceae are a family of flowering plants. The family has sixteen species in six genera. The species are highly aromatic evergreen plants, mostly trees and rarely shrubs, which produce essential oils...

    9. familia Aristolochiaceae
    Aristolochiaceae
    The Aristolochiaceae, or the Birthwort family, are a family of flowering plants with 7 genera and about 400 species belonging to the order Piperales...

    10. familia Rafflesiaceae
    Rafflesiaceae
    Rafflesiaceae is a family of parasitic plants found in east and southeast Asia, including Rafflesia arnoldii, the plant with the largest flower of all plants. The plants are endoparasites of vines in the genus Tetrastigma and lack stems, leaves, roots, and any photosynthetic tissue...

    11. familia Hydnoraceae
    Hydnoraceae
    Hydnoraceae is a family of parasitic flowering plants in the order Piperales. It contains two genera, Hydnora and Prosopanche and some seven species...

    12. familia Calycanthaceae
    Calycanthaceae
    The Calycanthaceae is a small family of flowering plants included in the order Laurales. The family contains four genera and only 6-11 species, restricted to warm temperate and tropical regions:...

    13. familia Gomortegaceae
    14. familia Monimiaceae
    Monimiaceae
    Monimiaceae is a family of flowering plants, which includes 150-220 species of shrubs and small trees in 18-25 genera. They are native to the southern hemisphere tropics and subtropics. The largest genus is Tambourissa, with 50 species in Madagascar, the Mascarene Islands, and the Comoros...

    15. familia Lauraceae
    Lauraceae
    The Lauraceae or Laurel family comprises a group of flowering plants included in the order Laurales. The family contains about 55 genera and over 3500, perhaps as many as 4000, species world-wide, mostly from warm or tropical regions, especially Southeast Asia and South America...

    16. familia Hernandiaceae
    Hernandiaceae
    Hernandiaceae is the botanical name for a family of flowering plants. Such a family has been recognised by most taxonomists.The APG II system, of 2003 , also recognizes this family, and assigns it to the order Laurales in the clade magnoliids...

    17. familia Menispermaceae
    Menispermaceae
    Menispermaceae, the botanical name for a family of flowering plants, has been universally recognized by taxonomists. Tubocurare, a neuromuscular blocker and active ingredient in curare, is derived from plants of this family....

    18. familia Lardizabalaceae
    Lardizabalaceae
    Lardizabalaceae is a family of flowering plants.The family has been universally recognized by taxonomists, including the APG II system , which places it in the order Ranunculales, in the clade eudicots....

    19. familia Ranunculaceae
    Ranunculaceae
    Ranunculaceae are a family of about 1700 species of flowering plants in about 60 genera, distributed worldwide....

    20. familia Berberidaceae
    Berberidaceae
    Berberidaceae are a family of 15 genera flowering plants commonly called the barberry family. This family is in the order Ranunculales. The family contains about 570 species, of which the majority are in Berberis...

    21. familia Nymphaeaceae
    Nymphaeaceae
    Nymphaeaceae is a family of flowering plants. Members of this family are commonly called water lilies and live in freshwater areas in temperate and tropical climates around the world. The family contains eight genera. There are about 70 species of water lilies around the world. The genus...

    22. familia Ceratophyllaceae
    incertae sedis
    Incertae sedis
    , is a term used to define a taxonomic group where its broader relationships are unknown or undefined. Uncertainty at specific taxonomic levels is attributed by , , and similar terms.-Examples:*The fossil plant Paradinandra suecica could not be assigned to any...

    23. familia Nepenthaceae
    24. familia Cephalotaceae
    25. familia Sarraceniaceae
    Sarraceniaceae
    Sarraceniaceae is a family of pitcher plants , belonging to order Ericales .The family comprises three extant genera: Sarracenia , Darlingtonia , and Heliamphora . The extinct Archaeamphora longicervia may also belong to this family...

    19. ordo Rhoeadales
    1. familia Papaveraceae
    Papaveraceae
    Papaveraceae, informally known as the poppy family, are an economically important family of 44 genera and approximately 770 species of flowering plants in the order Ranunculales. The family is cosmopolitan, occurring in temperate and subtropical climates, but almost unknown in the tropics...

    2. familia Tovariaceae
    3. familia Capparidaceae [sic, now Capparaceae
    Capparaceae
    Capparaceae , commonly known as the Caper family, is a family of plants in order Brassicales. As currently circumscribed, it contains 33 genera and about 700 species...

    ]
    4. familia Cruciferae
    5. familia Resedaceae
    Resedaceae
    Resedaceae is a family of generally herbaceous dicotyledonous plants comprising some 70 species in six genera:*Caylusea*Ochradenus*Oligomeris*Randonia*Reseda*Sesamoides...

    6. familia Moringaceae
    20. ordo Parietales
    Parietales
    Parietales is a botanical name of an order of flowering plants. It is a descriptive botanical name, short for "placentae parietales". Thus it could be used even today...

    1. familia Cistaceae
    Cistaceae
    The Cistaceae is a small family of plants known for its beautiful shrubs, which are profusely covered by flowers at the time of blossom...

    2. familia Bixaceae
    Bixaceae
    Bixaceae, or the achiote family, is a family of dicotyledonous plants. Under the Cronquist system, it was traditionally placed in the order Violales...

    3. familia Cochlospermaceae
    Cochlospermaceae
    Cochlospermaceae is a family of two genera and 20-25 species of trees and shrubs. They occur widely throughout the tropical regions of the world, but are curiously absent from Malaysia. Most species in this family are mesophytic or xerophytic, growing primarily in drier climates.Some authorities...

    4. familia Tamaricaceae
    Tamaricaceae
    Tamaricaceae is a flowering plant family containing four genera. In the 1980s, the family was classified in the Violales under the Cronquist system; more modern classifications place them in the Caryophyllales.The family is native to drier areas of Europe, Asia and Africa...

    5. familia Fouquieriaceae
    6. familia Frankeniaceae
    Frankeniaceae
    Frankeniaceae is the botanical name for a family of flowering plants. Such a family has been widely recognized by many taxonomists; it has commonly been assumed to be closely related to family Tamaricaceae....

    7. familia Elatinaceae
    Elatinaceae
    Elatinaceae is a family of flowering plants with 35-50 species in 2 genera: Elatine and Bergia. The Elatine are mostly aquatic herbs, and the Bergia are subshrubs to shrubs. Elatine species are widely distributed throughout the world from temperate to tropical zones, with its greatest diversity...

    8. familia Droseraceae
    Droseraceae
    Droseraceae is the botanical name for a family of flowering plants. The family is also known under its common name, the sundew family.It consists of carnivorous plants: besides the sundews, the genus Drosera, it also contains the even more-famous Venus fly trap Dionaea muscipula...

    9. familia Violaceae
    Violaceae
    Violaceae are a family of flowering plants consisting of about 800 species in 21 genera. It takes its name from the genus Viola, the violets and pansies.Older classifications such as the Cronquist system placed Violaceae in an order named after it, the Violales...

    10. familia Flacourtiaceae
    Flacourtiaceae
    Flacourtiaceae is a defunct family of flowering plants whose former members have been scattered to various other families, mostly to Achariaceae, Samydaceae, and Salicaceae. It was so vaguely defined that hardly anything seemed out of place there and it became a dumping ground for odd and anomalous...

    11. familia Stachyuraceae
    Stachyuraceae
    Stachyuraceae is a flowering plant family of shrubs and small trees native to East and Southeast Asia. The plants have leaves with serrate margins and flowers in long, hanging racemes.- References :* in Stevens, P. F. ....

    12. familia Turneraceae
    Turneraceae
    Turneraceae Kunth ex DC. is a family of flowering plants consisting of 120 species in 10 genera. The Cronquist system placed the Turneracids in the order Violales, but it is not currently recognized as a valid family by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group in the APG III system of 2009, which includes...

    13. familia Malesherbiaceae
    14. familia Passifloraceae
    Passifloraceae
    Passifloraceae is a family of flowering plants, containing about 530 species classified in around 18 genera. They include trees, shrubs, lianas and climbing plants, and are mostly found in tropical regions....

    15. familia Achariaceae
    Achariaceae
    Achariaceae is a family of flowering plants, formerly consisting of 6 species in 3 genera of herb and shrubs endemic to southern Africa. More recently, the APG II system has greatly expanded the scope of the family by including many genera previously classified in the Flacourtiaceae. Molecular...

    16. familia Caricaceae
    Caricaceae
    Caricaceae are a family of flowering plants in the order Brassicales, native to tropical regions of Central and South America and Africa. They are short-lived evergreen pachycaul shrubs or small trees growing to 5-10 m tall...

    17. familia Loasaceae
    Loasaceae
    The Loasaceae is a family of 15-20 genera and about 200-260 species of flowering plants in the order Cornales, native to the Americas and Africa. The family comprises annual, biennial and perennial herbaceous plants, and a few shrubs and small trees.Genera...

    18. familia Begoniaceae
    Begoniaceae
    Begoniaceae is a family of flowering plants with about 1400 species occurring in the subtropics and tropics of both the New World and Old World. All but one of the species are in the genus Begonia. The only other genus in the family, Hillebrandia, is endemic to the Hawaiian Islands and has a single...

    19. familia Datiscaceae
    Datiscaceae
    Datiscaceae are a family of Dicotyledonous plants, containing two species of the genus Datisca. Two other genera, Octomeles and Tetrameles are now classified in the Tetramelaceae family....

    20. familia Ancistrocladaceae
    Ancistrocladaceae
    Ancistrocladaceae is the botanical name for a family of flowering plants. Such a family has been widely recognized by taxonomists.The APG II system, of 2003 , also recognizes this family and assigns it to the order Caryophyllales in the clade core eudicots...

    21. ordo Guttiferales
    Guttiferales
    Guttiferales is a descriptive botanical name. It was used in the Bentham & Hooker system, the Wettstein system for an order of flowering plants that included the family Guttiferae...

    1. familia Dilleniaceae
    Dilleniaceae
    Dilleniaceae is the botanical name for a family of flowering plants. Such a family has been universally recognized by taxonomists. It is known to gardeners for the genus Hibbertia, which contains many commercially valuable garden species....

    2. familia Actinidiaceae
    Actinidiaceae
    Actinidiaceae, or the Chinese Gooseberry family, is a small family of plants. It includes three genera and about 360 species. It is a member of the order Ericales.-Distribution:...

    3. familia Ochnaceae
    Ochnaceae
    The family Ochnaceae, or wild plane family, comprises mainly trees or shrubs, and more rarely herbaceous plants. Species of the Ochnaceae are found from subtropical to tropical regions. They are best represented in South America...

    4. familia Strassburgeriaceae
    5. familia Eucryphiaceae
    6. familia Caryocaraceae
    Caryocaraceae
    Caryocaraceae is a family of flowering plants consisting of two genera and about 25 species. The family is exclusively neotropical.- Species :Anthodiscus*Anthodiscus obovatus Benth. ex Wittm.*Anthodiscus pilosus Ducke...

    7. familia Marcgraviaceae
    Marcgraviaceae
    Marcgraviaceae is a neotropical angiosperm family in the order Ericales.The members of the family are shrubs, woody epiphytes and lianas with alternate, pinnately-nerved leaves. The flowers are arranged in racemes. The flowers are accompanied by modified, fleshy saccate bracts which produce nectar....

    8. familia Quiinaceae
    Quiinaceae
    Quiinaceae Engl. is a neotropical family of flowering plants in the Malpighiales, consisting of about 50 species in 4 genera . The APG III system of flowering plant classification does not recognize such a family, instead including these genera in the Ochnaceae family.- External links :* in ...

    9. familia Theaceae
    Theaceae
    The Theaceae is a family of flowering plants, composed of shrubs and trees. Some botanists include the family Ternstroemiaceae within the Theaceae while others do not...

    10. familia Guttiferae
    11. familia Dipterocarpaceae
    Dipterocarpaceae
    Dipterocarpaceae is a family of 17 genera and approximately 500 species of mainly tropical lowland rainforest trees. The family name, from the type genus Dipterocarpus, is derived from Greek and refers to the two-winged fruit...

    22. ordo Rosales
    Rosales
    Rosales is an order of flowering plants. It is one of the four orders in the nitrogen fixing clade of the fabids and is sister to a clade consisting of Fagales and Cucurbitales. It contains about 7700 species, distributed into about 260 genera. Rosales comprises nine families, the type family...

    1. familia Crassulaceae
    Crassulaceae
    Crassulaceae, or the orpine family, are a family of dicotyledons. They store water in their succulent leaves. They are found worldwide, but mostly occur in the Northern Hemisphere and southern Africa, typically in dry and/or cold areas where water may be scarce...

    2. familia Saxifragaceae
    Saxifragaceae
    Saxifragaceae is a plant family with about 460 known species in 36 genera. In Europe there are 12 genera.The flowers are hermaphroditic and actinomorphic...

    3. familia Cunoniaceae
    Cunoniaceae
    The Cunoniaceae is a family of 26 genera and about 350 species of woody plants in the Antarctic flora, with many laurifolia species with glossy leaves endemic to laurel forest habitat. The family is native to Australia, New Caledonia, New Guinea, New Zealand, southern South America, the Mascarene...

    4. familia Brunelliaceae
    5. familia Myrothamnaceae
    Myrothamnaceae
    Myrothamnaceae is the botanical name for a family of flowering plants. Such a family has been recognized by most taxonomists, having been included in order Hamamelidales in the Cronquist system. The APG II system includes Myrothamnaceae in Gunneraceae but allows for the optional segregation of...

    6. familia Pittosporaceae
    Pittosporaceae
    Pittosporaceae is a family of flowering plants. The family includes approximately 200 species of trees, shrubs, and lianas in 9-10 genera. The species of Pittosporaceae range from tropical to temperate climates of the Afrotropic, Indomalaya, Oceania, and Australasia ecozones.-Genera:* Auranticarpa...

    7. familia Byblidaceae
    8. familia Roridulaceae
    9. familia Bruniaceae
    Bruniaceae
    Bruniaceae is a family of shrubs native to the cape region of South Africa. They are mostly restricted to the Cape Province, but a small number of species occur in KwaZulu-Natal....

    10. familia Podostemonaceae
    11. familia Hydrostachyaceae
    12. familia Rosaceae
    Rosaceae
    Rosaceae are a medium-sized family of flowering plants, including about 2830 species in 95 genera. The name is derived from the type genus Rosa. Among the largest genera are Alchemilla , Sorbus , Crataegus , Cotoneaster , and Rubus...

    13. familia Crossosomataceae
    Crossosomataceae
    Crossosomataceae is a small plant family, consisting of three genera of shrubs found only in the dry parts of the American southwest and Mexico.-External links:...

    14. familia Chrysobalanaceae
    Chrysobalanaceae
    Chrysobalanaceae is a family of trees, shrubs and flowering plants, consisting of 17 genera and about 460 species of leptocaul that grows in the Tropics or is subtropical and common in the Americas...

    15. familia Connaraceae
    Connaraceae
    The Connaraceae is a family of 16 genera and about 350 species.-Genera:* Agelaea* Burttia* Cnestidium* Cnestis* Connarus* Ellipanthus* Hemandradenia* Jollydora* Manotes* Pseudoconnarus* Rourea...

    16. familia Mimosaceae
    17. familia Papilionaceae
    23. ordo Myrtales
    Myrtales
    The Myrtales are an order of flowering plants placed as a basal group within the rosid group of dicotyledons...

    1. familia Penaeaceae
    Penaeaceae
    Penaeaceae is a family of evergreen, leathery-leaved shrubs and small trees, native to South Africa. The family has 25 species in seven genera....

    2. familia Geissolomaceae
    3. familia Oliniaceae
    4. familia Thymelaeaceae
    Thymelaeaceae
    Thymelaeaceae is a cosmopolitan family of flowering plants composed of 50 genera and 898 species. It was established in 1789 by Antoine Laurent de Jussieu.Thymelaeaceae is in the order Malvales...

    5. familia Elaeagnaceae
    Elaeagnaceae
    Elaeagnaceae, the oleaster family, is a plant family of the order Rosales comprising small trees and shrubs, native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere, south into tropical Asia and Australia. The family has 45-50 species in three genera....

    6. familia Lythraceae
    Lythraceae
    Lythraceae are a family of flowering plants. It includes about 620 species of mostly herbs, with some shrubs and trees, in 31 genera. Major genera include Cuphea , Lagerstroemia , Nesaea , Rotala , and Lythrum...

    7. familia Heteropyzidaceae
    8. familia Sonneratiaceae
    Sonneratiaceae
    Sonneratiaceae was a family of flowering plants placed in the order Myrtales by the Cronquist system. It consisted of two genera, Sonneratia and Duabanga. These are now generally placed in their own monotypic subfamilies of the family Lythraceae, making Sonneratiaceae superfluous.The family is...

    9. familia Rhizophoraceae
    Rhizophoraceae
    Rhizophoraceae is a family constituted by tropical or subtropical flowering plants. Among the better known members are mangrove trees of the genus Rhizophora...

    10. familia Alangiaceae
    Alangiaceae
    Alangiaceae is a small family of small dicotyledon trees, shrubs or lianas, closely related to the Cornaceae .There is only one genus, Alangium, with seventeen species....

    11. familia Nyssaceae
    Nyssaceae
    Nyssaceae is a small family of flowering trees closely related to and often included within the dogwood family . Nyssaceae commonly includes the following genera:...

    12. familia Lecythidaceae
    Lecythidaceae
    The Lecythidaceae comprise a family of about 20 genera and 250-300 species of woody plants native to tropical South America and Madagascar.According to the most recent molecular analysis of Lecythidaceae The Lecythidaceae comprise a family of about 20 genera and 250-300 species of woody plants...

    13. familia Combretaceae
    Combretaceae
    Combretaceae is a family of flowering plants in the order Myrtales. The family includes about 600 species of trees, shrubs, and lianas in 18 genera. The family includes the leadwood tree, Combretum imberbe. Three genera, Conocarpus, Laguncularia and Lumnitzera, grow in mangrove habitats ....

    14. familia Myrtaceae
    Myrtaceae
    The Myrtaceae or Myrtle family are a family of dicotyledon plants, placed within the order Myrtales. Myrtle, clove, guava, feijoa, allspice, and eucalyptus belong here. All species are woody, with essential oils, and flower parts in multiples of four or five...

    15. familia Punicaceae
    16. familia Melastomataceae
    Melastomataceae
    right|thumb|200px|Characteristic venation of many melastomesThe family Melastomataceae is a taxon of dicotyledonous flowering plants found mostly in the tropics comprising some 200 genera and 4500 species...

    17. familia Oenotheraceae
    18. familia Halorrhagidaceae [sic: now Haloragaceae
    Haloragaceae
    Haloragaceae is a dicotyledon flowering plant family in the order Saxifragales, based on the phylogenetic APG III system. In the Cronquist system, it was included in the order Haloragales.- Distribution :...

    ]
    19. familia Gunneraceae
    Gunneraceae
    Gunneraceae is the botanical name for a family of flowering plants. Such a family has been recognized by most taxonomists.The APG II system, of 2003, also recognizes this family and assigns it to the order Gunnerales in the clade core eudicots. The family then consists of one or two genera, Gunnera...

    incertae sedis
    Incertae sedis
    , is a term used to define a taxonomic group where its broader relationships are unknown or undefined. Uncertainty at specific taxonomic levels is attributed by , , and similar terms.-Examples:*The fossil plant Paradinandra suecica could not be assigned to any...

    familia Hippuridaceae
    24. ordo Columniferae
    Columniferae
    Columniferae is a descriptive botanical name. The Wettstein system used this name for an order of flowering plants, with the following circumscription:* order Columniferae*: familia Malvaceae*: familia Bombacaceae*: familia Tiliaceae...

    1. familia Malvaceae
    Malvaceae
    Malvaceae, or the mallow family, is a family of flowering plants containing over 200 genera with close to 2,300 species. Judd & al. Well known members of this family include okra, jute and cacao...

    2. familia Bombacaceae
    Bombacaceae
    Bombacaceae is a family of flowering plants or Angiospermae included within Malvales order. As is true for any botanical name, circumscription and status of the taxon has varied with taxonomic point of view...

    3. familia Tiliaceae
    Tiliaceae
    Tiliaceae is a botanical name for a family of flowering plants. Such a family is not part of APG II, but it is found all through the botanical literature and remains prominently listed by nomenclatural databases such as IPNI....

    4. familia Sterculiaceae
    Sterculiaceae
    Sterculiaceae is a botanical name for a group of flowering plants at the rank of family, which is now considered obsolete. As is true for any botanical name, the circumscription, status and placement of the taxon has varied with taxonomic point of view...

    5. familia Elaeocarpaceae
    Elaeocarpaceae
    Elaeaocarpaceae is a family of flowering plants. The family approximately contains 605 species of trees and shrubs in 12 genera. The largest genera are Elaeocarpus, with about 350 species, and Sloanea, with about 150....

    incertae sedis
    Incertae sedis
    , is a term used to define a taxonomic group where its broader relationships are unknown or undefined. Uncertainty at specific taxonomic levels is attributed by , , and similar terms.-Examples:*The fossil plant Paradinandra suecica could not be assigned to any...

    familia Chlaenaceae
    familia Gonystylaceae
    familia Scytopetalaceae
    25. ordo Gruinales
    1. familia Linaceae
    Linaceae
    The Linaceae is a family of flowering plants. The family is cosmopolitan, and includes approximately 250 species. There are 14 genera, classified into two subfamilies: Linoideae and Hugonioideae ....

    2. familia Humiriaceae
    Humiriaceae
    Humiriaceae is a family of evergreen flowering plants. It comprises 8 genera and about 50 species.The family is exclusively neotropical, except one species found in tropical West Africa....

    3. familia Oxalidaceae
    Oxalidaceae
    The Oxalidaceae, or wood sorrel family, are a small family of eight genera of herbaceous plants, shrubs and small trees, with the great majority of the 900 species in the genus Oxalis...

    4. familia Geraniaceae
    Geraniaceae
    Geraniaceae is a family of flowering plants placed in the order Geraniales. The family name is derived from the genus Geranium. It includes both the genus Geranium and the garden plants called geraniums, which modern botany classifies as genus Pelargonium, along with other related genera.There are...

    5. familia Limnaceae
    6. familia Tropaeolaceae
    7. familia Erythroxylaceae
    Erythroxylaceae
    The Erythroxylaceae is a family of flowering plants consisting of 4 genera and approximately 240 species. The best-known species is the coca plant , the source of the drug cocaine....

    8. familia Malpighiaceae
    Malpighiaceae
    Malpighiaceae is a family of flowering plants in the order Malpighiales. It comprises approximately 75 genera and 1300 species, all of which are native to the tropics and subtropics...

    9. familia Zygophyllaceae
    Zygophyllaceae
    The Zygophyllaceae is a family of flowering plants that contains the bean-caper and caltrop. It includes around 285 species in 22 genera.In the APG III system of classification, the families Zygophyllaceae and Krameriaceae compose the order Zygophyllales...

    incertae sedis
    Incertae sedis
    , is a term used to define a taxonomic group where its broader relationships are unknown or undefined. Uncertainty at specific taxonomic levels is attributed by , , and similar terms.-Examples:*The fossil plant Paradinandra suecica could not be assigned to any...

    familia Cneoraceae
    Cneoraceae
    Cneoraceae is a Mediterranean relict shrub family that evolved under tropical conditions during the Tertiary age. It is a dicot that generally favours higher altitudes and is rich in tannin...

    26. ordo Terebinthales
    1. familia Rutaceae
    Rutaceae
    Rutaceae, commonly known as the rue or citrus family, is a family of flowering plants, usually placed in the order Sapindales.Species of the family generally have flowers that divide into four or five parts, usually with strong scents...

    2. familia Simarubaceae [sic: now Simaroubaceae
    Simaroubaceae
    The Simaroubaceae is a small, mostly tropical, family in the order Sapindales. In recent decades it has been subject to much taxonomic debate, with several small families being split off...

    ]
    3. familia Burseraceae
    Burseraceae
    Burseraceae is a moderate-sized family of 17-18 genera and about 540 species of flowering plants. The actual numbers differ according to the time period in which a given source is written describing this family. The Burseraceae is also known as the Torchwood family, the frankincense and myrrh...

    4. familia Meliaceae
    Meliaceae
    The Meliaceae, or the Mahogany family, is a flowering plant family of mostly trees and shrubs in the order Sapindales....

    5. familia Tremandraceae
    Tremandraceae
    Tremandraceae R. Br. ex DC. is the name of a defunct family of flowering plants. It contained three genera: Platytheca, Tetratheca, and Tremandra. In 2006, a molecular phylogenetic study showed that Tremandraceae is embedded in Elaeocarpaceae...

    6. familia Polygalaceae
    Polygalaceae
    The Polygalaceae or Milkwort family is a family of flowering plants in the order Fabales. They have a near-cosmopolitan range, with about 17 genera and 900–1,000 species of herbs, shrubs and trees...

    7. familia Xanthophyllaceae
    8. familia Trigoniaceae
    Trigoniaceae
    Trigoniaceae is a family of flowering plants, consisting of 28 species in 4 genera. It is a tropical family found in Madagascar, Southeast Asia, Central and South America....

    9. familia Vochysiaceae
    Vochysiaceae
    Vochysiaceae is a plant family belonging to the order of Myrtales.-Description:Trees or shrubs with opposite leaves; flowers are zygomorph 1--5 merous; ovary inferior or superior; one fertile stamen; fruits samara or capsules-Biogeography:...

    10. familia Anacardiaceae
    Anacardiaceae
    Anacardiaceae are a family of flowering plants bearing fruits that are drupes and in some cases producing urushiol, an irritant. Anacardiaceae include numerous genera with several of economic importance. Notable plants in this family include cashew , mango, poison ivy, sumac, smoke tree, and marula...

    11. familia Sapindaceae
    Sapindaceae
    Sapindaceae, also known as the soapberry family, is a family of flowering plants in the order Sapindales. There are about 140-150 genera with 1400-2000 species, including maple, horse chestnut and lychee....

    12. familia Akaniaceae
    Akaniaceae
    Akaniaceae is a family of flowering plants in order Brassicales. It comprises two monotypic genera, Akania and Bretschneidera....

    13. familia Aextoxicaceae
    14. familia Aceraceae
    Aceraceae
    Aceraceae is a family of flowering plants also called the Maple Family. It contains two to four genera, depending upon the circumscription, of some 120 species of trees and shrubs. A common characteristic is that the leaves are opposite, and the fruit a schizocarp.The maples have long been known...

    15. familia Hippocastanaceae
    Hippocastanaceae
    thumb|230pxHippocastanaceae is the name given to a small group of trees and shrubs, when this group is treated as a family. Its most widespread genus is Aesculus . However, the American genus Billia and the Chinese genus Handeliodendron are also sometimes included in this family...

    16. familia Coriaceae
    17. familia Cyrillaceae
    Cyrillaceae
    Cyrillaceae is a small family of flowering plants in the order Ericales, native to warm temperate to tropical regions of the Americas. The family comprises two genera, each with a single species, Cyrilla racemiflora and Cliftonia monophylla....

    18. familia Pentaphyllacaceae
    19. familia Sabiaceae
    Sabiaceae
    Sabiaceae is a family of flowering plants, native to tropical to warm temperate regions of southern Asia and the Americas.In the Cronquist system the family was placed in the order Ranunculales, but more recent classifications place it as the sole family in the order Sabiales, or , as unplaced to...

    20. familia Melianthaceae
    Melianthaceae
    The Melianthaceae is a family of flowering plants. The APG II system includes them within the rosid clade. All members of the Melianthaceae proper are trees or shrubs found in tropical and southern Africa...

    21. familia Corynocarpaceae
    22. familia Balsaminaceae
    Balsaminaceae
    Balsaminaceae are a family of dicotyledonous plants, comprising two genera and 850+ species, all but one of which belong to the genus Impatiens...

    27. ordo Celastrales
    Celastrales
    Celastrales is an order of flowering plants. They are found throughout the tropics and subtropics, with only a few species extending far into the temperate regions. There are about 1200 to 1350 species in about 100 genera. All but 7 of these genera are in the large family Celastraceae...

    1. familia Aquifoliaceae
    2. familia Celastraceae
    Celastraceae
    The Celastraceae , is a family of about 90-100 genera and 1,300 species of vines, shrubs and small trees, belonging to the order Celastrales...

    3. familia Salvadoraceae
    Salvadoraceae
    Salvadoraceae is a family in the plant order Brassicales, comprising 3 genera totalling around 12 species. They occur in Africa, including Madagascar; South East Asia; and have also been found on Java, suggesting they are probably found in much of Malesia...

    4. familia Staphyleaceae
    Staphyleaceae
    Staphyleaceae is a small family of five genera of flowering plants in the order Crossosomatales, native to the Northern Hemisphere and also in South America. The genus Staphylea, which gives the family its name, contains the "bladdernut" trees.Genera...

    5. familia Hippocrateaceae
    Hippocrateaceae
    Hippocrateaceae Juss. previously consisted of about 150 tropical and subtropical species of shrubs and lianes, and is now included in the Celastraceae family...

    6. familia Stackhousiaceae
    Stackhousiaceae
    Stackhousiaceae R.Br. is an obsolete family of plants, now merged into the Celastraceae family. When accepted, it comprised the following genera:* Macgregoria* Stackhousia* Tripterococcus...

    7. familia Icacinaceae
    Icacinaceae
    Icacinaceae is a family of flowering plants.It consists of trees, shrubs, and lianas, primarily of the tropics.The family was traditionally circumscribed quite broadly, with around 55 genera totalling over 400 species...

    28. ordo Rhamnales
    Rhamnales
    The Rhamnales are an order of dicotyledon plants. In the Cronquist system, the following families were placed here:* Family Elaeagnaceae – * Family Leeaceae* Family Rhamnaceae * Family Vitaceae...

    1. familia Rhamnaceae
    Rhamnaceae
    Rhamnaceae, the Buckthorn family, is a large family of flowering plants, mostly trees, shrubs and some vines.The family contains 50-60 genera and approximately 870-900 species. The Rhamnaceae have a worldwide distribution, but are more common in the subtropical and tropical regions...

    2. familia Vitaceae
    Vitaceae
    Vitaceae are a family of dicotyledonous flowering plants including the grapevine and Virginia creeper. The family name is derived from the genus Vitis...

    29. ordo Umbelliflorae
    1. familia Cornaceae
    Cornaceae
    Cornaceae is a cosmopolitan family of flowering plants in the order Cornales. It contains approximately 110 species, mostly trees and shrubs, which may be deciduous or evergreen. Members of this family usually have opposite or alternate simple leaves, four- or five-parted flowers clustered in...

    2. familia Araliaceae
    Araliaceae
    Araliaceae is a family of flowering plants, also known as the Aralia family or Ivy family. The family includes 254 species of trees, shrubs, lianas and perennial herbaceous plants into 2 subfamilies...

    3. familia Umbelliferae
    incertae sedis
    Incertae sedis
    , is a term used to define a taxonomic group where its broader relationships are unknown or undefined. Uncertainty at specific taxonomic levels is attributed by , , and similar terms.-Examples:*The fossil plant Paradinandra suecica could not be assigned to any...

    ordo Garryales
    Garryales
    The Garryales are a small order of dicotyledons, including only two families and three genera:* Family Garryaceae**Garrya**Aucuba* Family Eucommiaceae**Eucommia...

    familia Garryaceae
    Garryaceae
    Garryaceae is a small family of dicotyledons, including only two genera:*Garrya Douglas ex Lindl., 1834. About 16-18 species.*Aucuba Thunb., 1783. About 3-10 species....

    2. subclassis Sympetalae
    Sympetalae
    Sympetalae, meaning “with fused petals”, is a descriptive botanical name used in the Eichler, Engler, and Wettstein systems for a group in the flowering plants...

    1. ordo Plumbaginales
    Plumbaginales
    Plumbaginales is an order of flowering plants. The order is recognized by several systems, such as the Wettstein system, last revised in 1935, the Engler system, in its update of 1964 and the Cronquist system, 1981. Its circumscription is typically:...

    familia Plumbaginaceae
    Plumbaginaceae
    Plumbaginaceae is a family of flowering plants, with a cosmopolitan distribution. The family is sometimes referred to as the leadwort family or the plumbago family....

    2. ordo Primulales
    Primulales
    Primulales is a botanical name of an order of flowering plants. This name was used in several systems with little variation in circumscription...

    1. familia Theophrastaceae
    Theophrastaceae
    Theophrastaceae is a small family of flowering plants. As currently circumscribed, the family consists of seven genera and 95 species of trees or shrubs, native to tropical regions of the Americas....

    2. familia Primulaceae
    Primulaceae
    Primulaceae is a family of flowering plants with about 24 genera, including some favorite garden plants and wildflowers. It is also known as the primrose family.- Genera :...

    3. familia Myrsinaceae
    Myrsinaceae
    Myrsinaceae, or the Myrsine family, is a rather large family from the order Ericales. It consists of 35 genera and about 1000 species....

    3. ordo Bicornes
    1. familia Clethraceae
    Clethraceae
    Clethraceae is a small family of flowering plants in the order Ericales, native to warm temperate to tropical regions of Asia and the Americas, with one species also on Madeira...

    2. familia Pirolaceae
    3. familia Ericaceae
    Ericaceae
    The Ericaceae, commonly known as the heath or heather family, is a group of mostly calcifuge flowering plants. The family is large, with roughly 4000 species spread across 126 genera, making it the 14th most speciose family of flowering plants...

    4. familia Empetraceae
    5. familia Epacridaceae
    6. familia Diapensiaceae
    Diapensiaceae
    Diapensiaceae is a small family of flowering plants, comprising 12 species in five genera. Three of the genera, Berneuxia, Galax, and Pyxidanthera, contain only a single species. The Asian species of Shortia were formerly separated as the genus Schizocodon, and some authors still recognize S....

    4. ordo Diospyrales
    1. familia Ebenaceae
    Ebenaceae
    The Ebenaceae are a family of flowering plants, which includes ebony and persimmon. The family has approximately 500 species of trees and shrubs in two genera, Diospyros and Euclea. The species are mostly evergreen and native to the tropics and subtropics, with a few deciduous species native to...

    2. familia Hoplestigmataceae
    3. familia Styracaceae
    Styracaceae
    Styracaceae is a small family of flowering plants in the order Ericales, containing 11 genera and about 160 species of trees and shrubs. The family occurs in warm temperate and subtropical regions of the Northern Hemisphere....

    4. familia Symplocaceae
    Symplocaceae
    Symplocos is a genus of flowering plants in the order Ericales, containing about 250 species native to Asia, Australia and the Americas.Symplocos species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including The Engrailed....

    5. familia Sapotaceae
    Sapotaceae
    Sapotaceae is a family of flowering plants, belonging to order Ericales. The family includes approximately 800 species of evergreen trees and shrubs in approximately 65 genera . Distribution is pantropical....

    5. ordo Tubiflorae
    Tubiflorae
    Tubiflorae is a botanical name, meaning “with tubular flowers”. It was used in the Engler system for:...

    1. familia Convolvulaceae
    Convolvulaceae
    Convolvulaceae, known commonly as the bindweed or morning glory family, are a group of about 60 genera and more than 1,650 species of mostly herbaceous vines, but also trees, shrubs and herbs.- Description :...

    2. familia Cuscutaceae
    3. familia Polemoniaceae
    Polemoniaceae
    Polemoniaceae are a family of about 25 genera with 270-400 species of annual and perennial plants, native to the Northern Hemisphere and South America, with the center of diversity in western North America, especially in California.Only one genus is found in Europe, and two in Asia, where they...

    4. familia Hydrophyllaceae
    Hydrophyllaceae
    Hydrophylloideae is a subfamily of the Boraginaceae family of flowering plants. Their taxonomic position is somewhat uncertain. Traditionally, and under the Cronquist system, they were given family rank under the name Hydrophyllaceae, and treated as part of the order Solanales...

    5. familia Lennoaceae
    Lennoaceae
    Lennooideae is a subfamily of parasitic flowering plants of south-western North America and north-western South America.The relationships of this subfamily with other plants remains uncertain. Traditionally it was treated at family rank as Lennoaceae, and placed in different orders by different...

    6. familia Boraginaceae
    Boraginaceae
    Boraginaceae, the Borage or Forget-me-not family, include a variety of shrubs, trees, and herbs, totaling about 2,000 species in 146 genera found worldwide.A number of familiar plants belong to this family....

    7. familia Nolanaceae
    8. familia Solanaceae
    Solanaceae
    Solanaceae are a family of flowering plants that include a number of important agricultural crops as well as many toxic plants. The name of the family comes from the Latin Solanum "the nightshade plant", but the further etymology of that word is unclear...

    9. familia Scrophulariaceae
    Scrophulariaceae
    Scrophulariaceae, the figwort family, are a family of flowering plants. The plants are annual or perennial herbs with flowers with bilateral or rarely radial symmetry. Members of the Scrophulariaceae have a cosmopolitan distribution, with the majority found in temperate areas, including...

    10. familia Lentibulariaceae
    Lentibulariaceae
    Lentibulariaceae is a family of carnivorous plants containing three genera, Genlisea, the corkscrew plants, Pinguicula, the butterworts, and Utricularia, the bladderworts....

    11. familia Orobranchaceae
    12. familia Gesneriaceae
    Gesneriaceae
    Gesneriaceae is a family of flowering plants consisting of ca. 150 genera and ca. 3,200 species in the Old World and New World tropics and subtropics, with a very small number extending to temperate areas. Many species have colorful and showy flowers and are cultivated as ornamental plants.Most...

    13. familia Bignoniaceae
    Bignoniaceae
    The Bignoniaceae, or Trumpet Creeper Family, is a family of flowering plants comprising about 650-750 species in 116-120 genera. Members of the family are mostly trees and lianas , shrubs and more rarely herbaceous plants. As climber plants, they are twine climbers or tendril climbers, and rarely...

    14. familia Pedaliaceae
    Pedaliaceae
    Pedaliaceae is a flowering plant family classified in the order Scrophulariales in the Cronquist system and Lamiales in the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group system...

    15. familia Martyniaceae
    Martyniaceae
    Martyniaceae is a family of flowering plants in the Lamiales order that are restricted to the New World. The family was included in Pedaliaceae in the Cronquist system but is recognized as a separate family by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group on the basis of phylogenetic studies that show that the...

    16. familia Acanthaceae
    Acanthaceae
    The family Acanthaceae is a taxon of dicotyledonous flowering plants containing almost 250 genera and about 2500 species....

    17. familia Verbenaceae
    Verbenaceae
    Verbenaceae, commonly known as the verbena family or vervain family, is a family of mainly tropical flowering plants. It contains trees, shrubs and herbs notable for heads, spikes, or clusters of small flowers, many of which have an aromatic smell.Recent phylogenetic studies have shown that...

    18. familia Labiatae
    19. familia Tetrachondraceae
    20. familia Globulariaceae
    21. familia Phrymaceae
    Phrymaceae
    Phrymaceae , also known as the Lopseed family, is a small plant family in the order Lamiales. It now consists of about 190 species, distributed worldwide but with the majority in western North America and Australia .Previously, this family was monotypic with the genus Phryma, and limited in...

    22. familia Myoporaceae
    Myoporaceae
    Myoporaceae is a family of plants, found mostly in Australia, which includes the following genera:* Diocirea* Eremophila, also known as Emu Bush* Myoporum, also known as Boobiala...

    23. familia Plantaginaceae
    Plantaginaceae
    Plantaginaceae Juss. or plantain family, are a family of flowering plants in the order Lamiales. The type genus is Plantago L..In older classifications it used to be the only family of the order Plantaginales, but numerous phylogenetic studies, summarized by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group, have...

    incertae sedis
    Incertae sedis
    , is a term used to define a taxonomic group where its broader relationships are unknown or undefined. Uncertainty at specific taxonomic levels is attributed by , , and similar terms.-Examples:*The fossil plant Paradinandra suecica could not be assigned to any...

    familia Columelliaceae
    Columelliaceae
    Columelliaceae is a family of trees and shrubs native to the Andes of South America.In the APG II taxonomy they are placed in the order Lamiales, but a 2008 study suggested that they are sister to the Bruniaceae, and the Angiosperm Phylogeny Website proposes incorporating this finding by placing...

    6. ordo Contortae
    1. familia Loganiaceae
    Loganiaceae
    Loganiaceae are a family of flowering plants classified in order Gentianales. The family includes 13 genera, distributed around the world's tropics.Earlier treatments of the family have included up to 29 genera...

    2. familia Buddleiaceae
    3. familia Gentianaceae
    Gentianaceae
    Gentianaceae are a family of flowering plants of 87 genera and over 1500 species. Flowers are actinomorphic and bisexual with fused sepals and petals. The stamens are attached to the inside of the petals and alternate with the corolla lobes. There is a glandular disk at the base of the gynoecium,...

    4. familia Menyanthaceae
    Menyanthaceae
    Menyanthaceae are a family of aquatic and wetland plants in the order Asterales. There are approximately 60-70 species in five genera distributed worldwide. The simple or compound leaves arise alternately from a creeping rhizome. In the submersed aquatic genus Nymphoides, leaves are floating and...

    5. familia Apocynaceae
    Apocynaceae
    The Apocynaceae or dogbane family is a family of flowering plants that includes trees, shrubs, herbs, and lianas.Many species are tall trees found in tropical rainforests, and most are from the tropics and subtropics, but some grow in tropical dry, xeric environments. There are also perennial herbs...

    6. familia Asclepiadaceae
    Asclepiadaceae
    According to APG II, the Asclepiadaceae is a former plant family now treated as a subfamily in the Apocynaceae...

    7. ordo Ligustrales
    familia Oleaceae
    Oleaceae
    Oleaceae are a family containing 24 extant genera and around 600 species of mesophytic shrubs, trees and occasionally vines. As shrubs, members of this family may be twine climbers, or scramblers.-Leaves:...

    8. ordo Rubiales
    Rubiales
    Rubiales was an order of flowering plants in the Cronquist system, including the families Rubiaceae and Theligonaceae. The latest APG system does not recognize this order and places the families within Gentianales....

    1. familia Rubiaceae
    Rubiaceae
    The Rubiaceae is a family of flowering plants, variously called the coffee family, madder family, or bedstraw family. The group contains many commonly known plants, including the economically important coffee , quinine , and gambier , and the horticulturally valuable madder , west indian jasmine ,...

    2. familia Caprifoliaceae
    Caprifoliaceae
    The Caprifoliaceae or honeysuckle family is a clade consisting of about 800 dicotyledonous flowering plants, with a nearly cosmopolitan distribution; centres of diversity are found in eastern North America and eastern Asia, while they are absent in tropical and southern Africa.They are mostly...

    3. familia Adoxaceae
    Adoxaceae
    The Adoxaceae is a small family of flowering plants in the order Dipsacales, as now constituted comprising four genera and about 150-200 species. It is characterised by opposite toothed leaves, small five- or, more rarely, four-petalled flowers in cymose inflorescences, and the fruit being a drupe...

    4. familia Valerianaceae
    Valerianaceae
    The Valerianaceae, or valerian family, of the order Dipsacales contains about 350 species in 7 genera. Plants are generally herbaceous and foliage often has a strong, disagreeable odor. They are found native in most regions of the world except for Australia...

    5. familia Dipsacaceae
    Dipsacaceae
    The Dipsacaceae, or teasel family, of the order Dipsacales contains 350 species of perennial or biennial herbs and shrubs in eleven genera. Native to most temperate climates, they are found in Europe, Asia and Africa...

    6. familia Calyceraceae
    Calyceraceae
    Calyceraceae is a plant family in the order Asterales.The members of the family have simple, alternate leaves and flowers arranged in heads. The flowers have 5 fused petals.Selected genera:*Acarpha*Acicarpha*Boopis*Calycera...

    9. ordo Cucurbitales
    Cucurbitales
    The Cucurbitales are an order of flowering plants, included in the rosid group of dicotyledons. This order mostly belongs to tropical areas, with limited presence in subtropic and temperate regions. The order includes shrubs and trees, together with many herbs and climbers...

    familia Cucurbitaceae
    Cucurbitaceae
    The plant family Cucurbitaceae consists of various squashes, melons, and gourds, including crops such as cucumber, pumpkins, luffas, and watermelons...

    10. ordo Synandrae
    1. familia Campanulaceae
    Campanulaceae
    The family Campanulaceae , of the order Asterales, contains about 2000 species in 70 genera of herbaceous plants, shrubs, and rarely small trees, often with milky non-toxic sap...

    2. familia Lobeliaceae
    Lobeliaceae
    Lobelioideae is a subfamily of the plant family Campanulaceae. It contains 32 genera, totalling about 1200 species. Some of the larger genera are Lobelia, Siphocampylus, Centropogon, Burmeistera and Cyanea....

    3. familia Goodeniaceae
    Goodeniaceae
    Goodeniaceae are a family of flowering plants in the order Asterales. It contains about 404 species in twelve genera. The family is distributed mostly in Australia, except for the genus Scaevola, which is pantropical...

    4. familia Stylidaceae
    5. familia Brunoniaceae
    6. familia Compositae
    II. classis Monocotyledones
    1. ordo Helobiae
    Helobiae
    Helobiae is a botanical name, and is no longer valid. It was used in the Engler and Wettsteins systems of plant taxonomy for an order of flowering plants; in the latter system it had this circumscription:* order Helobiae*: family Alismataceae...

    1. familia Alismataceae
    Alismataceae
    The water-plantains are a family of flowering plants, comprising 11 genera and between 85-95 species. The family has a cosmopolitan distribution, with the greatest number of species in temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere...

    2. familia Butomaceae
    3. familia Hydrocharitaceae
    Hydrocharitaceae
    Hydrocharitaceae is a flowering plant family that includes a number of species of aquatic plant, broadly called the Tape-grasses, and includes the well known Canadian Waterweed and Frog's Bit.The family includes both fresh and marine aquatics...

    4. familia Scheuchzeriaceae
    Scheuchzeriaceae
    Scheuchzeria palustris , is a flowering plant, the only species in the genus Scheuchzeria, itself the only genus in the family Scheuchzeriaceae...

    5. familia Aponogetonaceae
    Aponogetonaceae
    The Aponogetonaceae are a family of flowering plants in the order Alismatales.In recent decades the family has had universal recognition by taxonomists. The APG system and APG II system treat it in the order Alismatales in the clade monocots...

    6. familia Potamogetonaceae
    Potamogetonaceae
    The Potamogetonaceae, commonly referred to as the pondweed family, is an aquatic family of monocotyledonous flowering plants. There are roughly 120 species spread across six genera in the Potamagetonaceae...

    7. familia Najadaceae
    2. ordo Liliiflorae
    Liliiflorae
    Liliiflorae is a botanical name, which may be used for a taxon at a rank above that of family, but not for a rank where Art. 16 or 17 of the ICBN prescribes a standardised ending....

    1. familia Liliaceae
    Liliaceae
    The Liliaceae, or the lily family, is a family of monocotyledons in the order Liliales. Plants in this family have linear leaves, mostly with parallel veins but with several having net venation , and flower arranged in threes. Several have bulbs, while others have rhizomes...

    2. familia Stemonaceae
    Stemonaceae
    Stemonaceae is a family of flowering plants, consisting of three or four genera with between 25-35 species. The APG II system places it in the order Pandanales, in the monocots...

    3. familia Cyanastraceae
    4. familia Pontederiaceae
    Pontederiaceae
    Pontederiaceae is the botanical name of a family of flowering plants.The APG II system, of 2003 places the family in the order Commelinales, in the commelinid clade, in the monocots. It is a small family of heterostylous aquatic plants, occurring in tropical and subtropical waters...

    5. familia Haemodoraceae
    Haemodoraceae
    Haemodoraceae is a family of flowering plants. It is sometimes known as the "Bloodwort family". Primarily a Southern Hemisphere family, they are found in South Africa, Australia and New Guinea, and in the Americas Haemodoraceae is a family of flowering plants. It is sometimes known as the...

    6. familia Philydraceae
    Philydraceae
    Philydraceae is the botanical name of a family of flowering plants. Such a family has not been recognized by many taxonomists.The APG II system, of 2003 , does recognize such a family and places it in the order Commelinales, in the clade commelinids, in the monocots...

    7. familia Amaryllidaceae
    Amaryllidaceae
    Amaryllidoideae is the subfamily of flowering plants that takes its name from the genus Amaryllis. It is part of the family Amaryllidaceae, in order Asparagales...

    8. familia Velloziaceae
    Velloziaceae
    Velloziaceae is a botanical name for a family of flowering plants. Such a family has been recognized by many taxonomists.The APG II system, of 2003 , also recognizes this family, and assigns it to the order Pandanales in the clade monocots...

    9. familia Iridaceae
    Iridaceae
    The Iris family or Iridaceae is a family of perennial, herbaceous and bulbous plants included in the monocot order Asparagales, taking its name from the genus Iris. Almost worldwide in distribution and one of the most important families in horticulture, it includes more than 2000 species...

    10. familia Juncaceae
    Juncaceae
    Juncaceae, the rush family, are a monocotyledonous family of flowering plants. There are eight genera and about 400 species. Members of the Juncaceae are slow-growing, rhizomatous, herbaceous plants, and they may superficially resemble grasses. They often grow on infertile soils in a wide range...

    11. familia Flagellariaceae
    Flagellariaceae
    Flagellariaceae is the botanical name for a family of flowering plants. Such a family has rarely been recognized by taxonomists.The APG II system, of 2003 , does recognize such a family, and assigns it to the order Poales in the clade commelinids, in the monocots...

    12. familia Rapateaceae
    Rapateaceae
    Rapateaceae is the botanical name for a family of flowering plants. Such a family has been recognized by most taxonomists.The APG II system, of 2003 also recognizes this family, and assigns it to the order Poales in the clade commelinids, in the monocots...

    13. familia Thurniaceae
    Thurniaceae
    Thurniaceae is the botanical name for a family of flowering plants. Such a family has been recognized by most taxonomists.The APG II system, of 2003, also recognizes such a family, and assigns it to the order Poales in the clade commelinids, in the monocots...

    14. familia Bromeliaceae
    Bromeliaceae
    Bromeliaceae is a family of monocot flowering plants of around 3,170 species native mainly to the tropical Americas, with a few species found in the American subtropics and one in tropical west Africa, Pitcairnia feliciana...

    15. familia Dioscoreaceae
    Dioscoreaceae
    Dioscoreaceae is a family of monocotyledonous flowering plants, with about 750 species in eight or nine genera. The best-known member of the family is the Yam ....

    16. familia Taccaceae
    17. familia Burmanniaceae
    Burmanniaceae
    Burmanniaceae is a botanical name of a family of flowering plants, consisting of about a hundred species of herbaceous plants in roughly a dozen genera. Often they are quite remarkable plants, more often red than green, without much leaf area and not growing very big in any way.The APG II system,...

    3. ordo Enantioblastae
    1. familia Commelinaceae
    Commelinaceae
    Commelinaceae is a family of flowering plants. In less formal contexts, the group is referred to as the dayflower family or spiderwort family. It is one of five families in the order Commelinales and by far the largest of these with an estimated 650 species in 40 genera. Well known genera include...

    2. familia Mayacaceae
    Mayacaceae
    Mayaca is a genus of flowering plants, often placed in its own family, the Mayacaceae. In the APG II system of 2003, it is assigned to the Order Poales in the clade commelinids. The Cronquist system, of 1981, also recognised such a family and placed it in the order Commelinales in the subclass...

    3. familia Xyridaceae
    Xyridaceae
    Xyridaceae is the botanical name of a family of flowering plants. Such a family has been recognized by many taxonomists and is known as the Yellow-eyed-grass Family....

    4. familia Eriocaulaceae
    Eriocaulaceae
    The Eriocaulaceae or pipewort family is a family of monocotyledonous flowering plants in the order Poales. The family is large, with about 1,150-1,200 species described in ten genera. The family is widely distributed, with the centers of diversity for the group occurring in tropical regions,...

    5. familia Centrolepidaceae
    Centrolepidaceae
    Centrolepidaceae is a botanical name for a family of flowering plants. Such a family has been recognized by most taxonomists.The APG II system, of 2003 , also recognises such a family, and assigns it to the order Poales in the clade commelinids in the monocots.The family is now regarded as...

    6. familia Restionaceae
    Restionaceae
    Restionaceae, also called restiads, is the botanical name for a family of rush-like flowering plants native to the Southern Hemisphere.- Description :...

    4. ordo Cyperales
    Cyperales
    Cyperales is a name for an order of flowering plants. As used in the Engler system and in the Wettstein system it consisted of only the single family...

    familia Cyperaceae
    Cyperaceae
    Cyperaceae are a family of monocotyledonous graminoid flowering plants known as sedges, which superficially resemble grasses or rushes. The family is large, with some 5,500 species described in about 109 genera. These species are widely distributed, with the centers of diversity for the group...

    5. ordo Glumiflorae
    Glumiflorae
    Glumiflorae is a descriptive botanical name. It was used in the Wettstein system for an order of flowering plants. The order consisted of one family only:* order Glumiflorae*: family Gramineae...

    familia Gramineae
    6. ordo Scitamineae
    Scitamineae
    Scitamineae is a descriptive botanical name. Historically it has been applied to a remarkably stable group of flowering plants:* at the rank of family in the Bentham & Hooker system , placed in order Epigynae in the Monocotyledones...

    1. familia Musaceae
    Musaceae
    Musaceae is a botanical name for a family of flowering plants. The family is native to the tropics of Africa and Asia. The plants have a large herbaceous growth habit with leaves with overlapping basal sheaths that form a pseudostem making some members appear to be woody trees.The family has been...

    2. familia Zingiberaceae
    Zingiberaceae
    Zingiberaceae, or the Ginger family, is a family of flowering plants consisting of aromatic perennial herbs with creeping horizontal or tuberous rhizomes, comprising ca. 52 genera and more than 1300 species, distributed throughout tropical Africa, Asia, and the Americas.Many species are important...

    3. familia Cannaceae
    4. familia Marantaceae
    Marantaceae
    The Marantaceae or arrowroot family is a family of flowering plants known for its large starchy rhizomes. It is sometimes called the prayer-plant family...

    7 ordo Gynandrae
    Gynandrae
    Gynandrae is a botanical name of an order of flowering plants. It was used in the Wettstein system for the order containing the orchids and is a descriptive name referring to the stamens...

    familia Orchidaceae
    Orchidaceae
    The Orchidaceae, commonly referred to as the orchid family, is a morphologically diverse and widespread family of monocots in the order Asparagales. Along with the Asteraceae, it is one of the two largest families of flowering plants, with between 21,950 and 26,049 currently accepted species,...

    8. ordo Spadiciflorae
    1. familia Palmae
    2. familia Cyclanthaceae
    Cyclanthaceae
    Cyclanthaceae is a family of flowering plants.-Classification:The APG system and the APG II system assign it to the order Pandanales in the clade monocots...

    3. familia Araceae
    Araceae
    Araceae are a family of monocotyledonous flowering plants in which flowers are borne on a type of inflorescence called a spadix. The spadix is usually accompanied by, and sometimes partially enclosed in, a spathe or leaf-like bract. Also known as the Arum family, members are often colloquially...

    4. familia Lemnaceae
    9. ordo Pandanales
    Pandanales
    Pandanales is an order of flowering plants, with a pantropical distribution.The APG III system places the Pandanales in the monocots. Both the APG III and APG II systems include five families in this order:* Cyclanthaceae* Pandanaceae* Stemonaceae...

    1. familia Pandanaceae
    Pandanaceae
    Pandanaceae is a family of flowering plants native to the tropics of the Old World. Such a family has been widely recognized by taxonomists.Pandanaceae are trees or climbing or scrambling shrubs distributed in the Old World tropics and are adapted from sea level in salted beaches to mountain cloud...

    2. familia Sparganiaceae
    Sparganiaceae
    Sparganiaceae is the botanical name for a family of flowering plants. Such a family was previously recognized by most taxonomists.The APG II system, of 2003 , also recognizes this family, and assigns it to the order Poales in the clade commelinids, in the monocots...

    3. familia Typhaceae
    Typhaceae
    Typhaceae is the botanical name for a family of flowering plants. Such a family has been recognized by most taxonomists.The APG II system, of 2003 , also recognizes this family, and assigns it to the order Poales in the clade commelinids, in the monocots...

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