Titisee-Neustadt
Encyclopedia
Titisee-Neustadt is a municipality in the district of Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald
in Baden-Württemberg
in southern Germany
. It is made up of the six communities of Neustadt, Langenordnach, Rudenberg, Titisee, Schwärzenbach and Waldau.
The town of Neustadt is a spa
known for its Kneipp
hydrotherapeutic and curative methods. Furthermore, it is a winter sport
centre.
The community of Titisee lies on the north shore of Titisee
, a lake in the eastern Feldberg
in the Black Forest
, which ranges from 780 to 1 192 m above sea level
. The community of Neustadt is found 5 km to the east. The town lies on a small river called the Seebach (Lake Brook) as it comes in from Feldberg-Bärental to feed Titisee, as the Gutach (Good Water) as it flows out of the lake, and east of Neustadt, where it merges with the Haslach
to become a whitewater
torrent, as the Wutach (Furious Water). After flowing out of the town, it passes through the well known Wutachschlucht (Wutach Gorge), and ends by emptying into the Rhine.
Titisee-Neustadt's highest point is the Hochfirst, a peak overlooking the lake on the municipal boundary with Lenzkirch
and marked by the Hochfirst Tower
. It is 1 192 m high.
. There followed various name changes: the town was called Nova Civitas in 1275 (which has the same meaning in Latin
– "New City" – as the German
name Neustadt), in 1294 Neuwenstadt, in 1335 Neuwen-statt, in 1630 Neostadium and in 1650 New-Statt before it later became Neustadt. From 1669 to 1806 there was a Capuchin
monastery
in Neustadt. In 1817, a great deal of the town was destroyed in a great fire. In the 18th century, the clockmaking
trade developed in the town to become a major part of the economy.
During the First World War, and shortly thereafter, a dearth of staple food
s prevailed. In May 1919 came the first municipal elections, which saw both active and passive participation by women, who now had the franchise
. This led to four women finding themselves on the town council. The mayor who took office in 1923, Karl Pfister (d. 1993 in Freiburg
) created and safeguarded jobs. This he managed to do through a loan of, all together, 700,000 Reichsmark
, which he obtained through negotiations with major banks in the United States
, Switzerland
and the Netherlands
. Through further job-making measures, such as public building schemes, about the time of the Great Depression
, he was in a position to keep the jobless rate in Neustadt at a comparatively low 12%, whereas it was then 18% in Germany as a whole.
Later came the Nazi
régime, which used Der Hochwächter and the Echo vom Hochfirst, the local newspapers, for their own ends, later shutting them both down. Despite exerting this influence, the Party's share of the vote in Neustadt was always lower than in Titisee, where it compared with the national average. Nevertheless, the NSDAP local moved into the town hall in 1933, occupied its balcony and made an example of a few people in public life by removing them from office or sending them to the local concentration camp near Hüfingen. Blasius Müßle, who became mayor at that time, was replaced in 1935 by the later Kreisleiter (District Leader) Benedikt Kuner.
document. Since 1807 there has been a Catholic parish.
with:= Coulommiers
(France
) - since 1971 Leighton–Linslade (United Kingdom
) - since 1991
- Lindau
) which joins both the A 5
and A 81
north-south Autobahnen. From the B 31, the B 317 to Weil am Rhein
branches off in the town. The B 500 likewise runs through Titisee-Neustadt. Also, the B 315 lies nearby.
.
Buses cover areas not served by trains, for instance Titisee to Lenzkirch and Todtnau.
Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald
Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald is a district in the south of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Neighboring districts are Emmendingen, Schwarzwald-Baar, Waldshut, Lörrach and the French départements of the Haut-Rhin and the Bas-Rhin. The district-free city of Freiburg is surrounded by the district...
in Baden-Württemberg
Baden-Württemberg
Baden-Württemberg is one of the 16 states of Germany. Baden-Württemberg is in the southwestern part of the country to the east of the Upper Rhine, and is the third largest in both area and population of Germany's sixteen states, with an area of and 10.7 million inhabitants...
in southern Germany
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
. It is made up of the six communities of Neustadt, Langenordnach, Rudenberg, Titisee, Schwärzenbach and Waldau.
The town of Neustadt is a spa
Spa town
A spa town is a town situated around a mineral spa . Patrons resorted to spas to "take the waters" for their purported health benefits. The word comes from the Belgian town Spa. In continental Europe a spa was known as a ville d'eau...
known for its Kneipp
Sebastian Kneipp
Sebastian Kneipp was a Bavarian priest and one of the founders of the Naturopathic medicine movement...
hydrotherapeutic and curative methods. Furthermore, it is a winter sport
Winter sport
A winter sport is a sport which is played on snow or ice. Most such sports are variations of skiing, ice skating and sledding. Traditionally such sports were only played in cold areas during winter, but artificial snow and ice allow more flexibility...
centre.
Geography
Titisee
Titisee is a lake in the southern Black Forest in Baden-Württemberg. It is said it got its name from Roman Emperor Titus. It covers an area of 1.3 km² and has an average depth of 20 m. It owes its creation to the Feldberg glacier, the moraine ploughed up by which in the Pleistocene epoch...
, a lake in the eastern Feldberg
Feldberg
* Feldberg , a mountain* Großer Feldberg and Kleiner Feldberg, mountains of the Taunus range* Feldberg, Baden-Württemberg, a village and commune* Feldberg, Mecklenburg, a populated place* Feldberg , a mountain...
in the Black Forest
Black Forest
The Black Forest is a wooded mountain range in Baden-Württemberg, southwestern Germany. It is bordered by the Rhine valley to the west and south. The highest peak is the Feldberg with an elevation of 1,493 metres ....
, which ranges from 780 to 1 192 m above sea level
Sea level
Mean sea level is a measure of the average height of the ocean's surface ; used as a standard in reckoning land elevation...
. The community of Neustadt is found 5 km to the east. The town lies on a small river called the Seebach (Lake Brook) as it comes in from Feldberg-Bärental to feed Titisee, as the Gutach (Good Water) as it flows out of the lake, and east of Neustadt, where it merges with the Haslach
Haslach
Haslach is a small city in south-west Germany, in the district Ortenaukreis, Baden-Württemberg. As of 2010 it had a population of 7,010.-History:...
to become a whitewater
Whitewater
Whitewater is formed in a rapid, when a river's gradient increases enough to disturb its laminar flow and create turbulence, i.e. form a bubbly, or aerated and unstable current; the frothy water appears white...
torrent, as the Wutach (Furious Water). After flowing out of the town, it passes through the well known Wutachschlucht (Wutach Gorge), and ends by emptying into the Rhine.
Titisee-Neustadt's highest point is the Hochfirst, a peak overlooking the lake on the municipal boundary with Lenzkirch
Lenzkirch
Lenzkirch is a municipality in the Black Forest. It lies in the district of Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald in Baden-Württemberg in Germany.-Geography:...
and marked by the Hochfirst Tower
Hochfirst Tower
Hochfirst Tower is a 25 metre tall lattice observation tower on the Hochfirst mountain near Titisee-Neustadt at 47°54'04" N and 8°11'03" E.It was built in 1890 as the replacement to a wooden observation tower...
. It is 1 192 m high.
History
Titisee-Neustadt is divided into six communities which historically have been separate, although they are now amalgamated into one municipality.Neustadt
Neustadt was founded in 1250 by the Princes of FürstenbergFürstenberg (princely family)
Fürstenberg is the name of a noble house in Germany, based primarily in southern Baden-Württemberg. The family derives its name from the fortified town of the line's founder, Count Heinrich von Fürstenberg, today part of Hüfingen...
. There followed various name changes: the town was called Nova Civitas in 1275 (which has the same meaning in Latin
Latin
Latin is an Italic language originally spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. It, along with most European languages, is a descendant of the ancient Proto-Indo-European language. Although it is considered a dead language, a number of scholars and members of the Christian clergy speak it fluently, and...
– "New City" – as the German
German language
German is a West Germanic language, related to and classified alongside English and Dutch. With an estimated 90 – 98 million native speakers, German is one of the world's major languages and is the most widely-spoken first language in the European Union....
name Neustadt), in 1294 Neuwenstadt, in 1335 Neuwen-statt, in 1630 Neostadium and in 1650 New-Statt before it later became Neustadt. From 1669 to 1806 there was a Capuchin
Order of Friars Minor Capuchin
The Order of Friars Minor Capuchin is an Order of friars in the Catholic Church, among the chief offshoots of the Franciscans. The worldwide head of the Order, called the Minister General, is currently Father Mauro Jöhri.-Origins :...
monastery
Monastery
Monastery denotes the building, or complex of buildings, that houses a room reserved for prayer as well as the domestic quarters and workplace of monastics, whether monks or nuns, and whether living in community or alone .Monasteries may vary greatly in size – a small dwelling accommodating only...
in Neustadt. In 1817, a great deal of the town was destroyed in a great fire. In the 18th century, the clockmaking
Clockmaker
A clockmaker is an artisan who makes and repairs clocks. Since almost all clocks are now factory-made, most modern clockmakers only repair clocks. Modern clockmakers may be employed by jewellers, antique shops, and places devoted strictly to repairing clocks and watches...
trade developed in the town to become a major part of the economy.
During the First World War, and shortly thereafter, a dearth of staple food
Staple food
A staple food is one that is eaten regularly and in such quantities that it constitutes a dominant portion of a diet, and that supplies a high proportion of energy and nutrient needs. Most people live on a diet based on one or more staples...
s prevailed. In May 1919 came the first municipal elections, which saw both active and passive participation by women, who now had the franchise
Suffrage
Suffrage, political franchise, or simply the franchise, distinct from mere voting rights, is the civil right to vote gained through the democratic process...
. This led to four women finding themselves on the town council. The mayor who took office in 1923, Karl Pfister (d. 1993 in Freiburg
Freiburg
Freiburg im Breisgau is a city in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. In the extreme south-west of the country, it straddles the Dreisam river, at the foot of the Schlossberg. Historically, the city has acted as the hub of the Breisgau region on the western edge of the Black Forest in the Upper Rhine Plain...
) created and safeguarded jobs. This he managed to do through a loan of, all together, 700,000 Reichsmark
German reichsmark
The Reichsmark was the currency in Germany from 1924 until June 20, 1948. The Reichsmark was subdivided into 100 Reichspfennig.-History:...
, which he obtained through negotiations with major banks in the United States
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, Switzerland
Switzerland
Switzerland name of one of the Swiss cantons. ; ; ; or ), in its full name the Swiss Confederation , is a federal republic consisting of 26 cantons, with Bern as the seat of the federal authorities. The country is situated in Western Europe,Or Central Europe depending on the definition....
and the Netherlands
Netherlands
The Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...
. Through further job-making measures, such as public building schemes, about the time of the Great Depression
Great Depression
The Great Depression was a severe worldwide economic depression in the decade preceding World War II. The timing of the Great Depression varied across nations, but in most countries it started in about 1929 and lasted until the late 1930s or early 1940s...
, he was in a position to keep the jobless rate in Neustadt at a comparatively low 12%, whereas it was then 18% in Germany as a whole.
Later came the Nazi
Nazism
Nazism, the common short form name of National Socialism was the ideology and practice of the Nazi Party and of Nazi Germany...
régime, which used Der Hochwächter and the Echo vom Hochfirst, the local newspapers, for their own ends, later shutting them both down. Despite exerting this influence, the Party's share of the vote in Neustadt was always lower than in Titisee, where it compared with the national average. Nevertheless, the NSDAP local moved into the town hall in 1933, occupied its balcony and made an example of a few people in public life by removing them from office or sending them to the local concentration camp near Hüfingen. Blasius Müßle, who became mayor at that time, was replaced in 1935 by the later Kreisleiter (District Leader) Benedikt Kuner.
Langenordnach
In 1112 Langenordnach had its first documentary mention. In 1529 16 houses were named; the place did not yet have a chapel.Rudenberg
In 1316 Rudenberg had its first documentary mention. In 1529 the place already had "several houses". In 1810, there were 191 inhabitants.Schwärzenbach
In 1316 Schwärzenbach had its first documentary mention. In 1850, there were 427 inhabitants.Titisee
In 1111 Titisee had its first documentary mention. In 1635 the names Dettesee and Titinsee first appear in documents. As of 1750 the name Titisee was commonly applied to the town. The town was put together from four parts, or valleys: Altenweg, Spriegelsbach, Schildwende and Jostal. For this reason, the town bore the name Vierthäler or Viertäler ("Four Valleys") until 1929.Waldau
Waldau was first named in 1111 and the first documentary mention followed in 1178 in a papalPope
The Pope is the Bishop of Rome, a position that makes him the leader of the worldwide Catholic Church . In the Catholic Church, the Pope is regarded as the successor of Saint Peter, the Apostle...
document. Since 1807 there has been a Catholic parish.
Common history
Titisee-Neustadt came into being in 1971 with the amalgamation of the until then independent district capital of Neustadt with the communities of Titisee and Rudenberg. In 1973 and 1974, the communities of Langenordnach, Schwärzenbach und Waldau were added to the amalgamation.Religion
The following denominations, along with numbers of adherents and percentages, can be found in Titisee-Neustadt:- Roman Catholic ChurchRoman Catholic ChurchThe Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the world's largest Christian church, with over a billion members. Led by the Pope, it defines its mission as spreading the gospel of Jesus Christ, administering the sacraments and exercising charity...
: 7,567 (63.5%) - Evangelical ChurchEvangelical Church in GermanyThe Evangelical Church in Germany is a federation of 22 Lutheran, Unified and Reformed Protestant regional church bodies in Germany. The EKD is not a church in a theological understanding because of the denominational differences. However, the member churches share full pulpit and altar...
: 2,306 (19.3%) - Others, or none: 2,057 (17.2%)
Neustadt
- 1923 - ?: Karl Pfister
- 1933 - 1935: Blasius Müßle (NSDAP)
- 1935 - ?: Benedikt Kuner (NSDAP)
- ? - 2003: Martin Lindler (CDUChristian Democratic Union (Germany)The Christian Democratic Union of Germany is a Christian democratic and conservative political party in Germany. It is regarded as on the centre-right of the German political spectrum...
)
Whole municipality
- 1979 - 2003: Martin Lindler (CDU)
- 2003 - today: Armin Hinterseh (CDU)
Municipal council
The municipal elections on 13 June 2004 produced the following division of seats:| CDU Christian Democratic Union (Germany) The Christian Democratic Union of Germany is a Christian democratic and conservative political party in Germany. It is regarded as on the centre-right of the German political spectrum... |
46.2% | -1.0 | 14 seats | -1 |
| SPD Social Democratic Party of Germany The Social Democratic Party of Germany is a social-democratic political party in Germany... |
22.6% | -6.9 | 6 seats | -3 |
| Citizens' List | 19.6% | +2.8 | 5 seats | ±0 |
| Greens Alliance '90/The Greens Alliance '90/The Greens is a green political party in Germany, formed from the merger of the German Green Party and Alliance 90 in 1993. Its leaders are Claudia Roth and Cem Özdemir... |
11.6% | +5.0 | 3 seats | +1 |
International relations
Titisee-Neustadt is twinnedTown twinning
Twin towns and sister cities are two of many terms used to describe the cooperative agreements between towns, cities, and even counties in geographically and politically distinct areas to promote cultural and commercial ties.- Terminology :...
with:= Coulommiers
Coulommiers
Coulommiers is a commune in the Seine-et-Marne department in the Île-de-France in north-central France.It is also the name of a cheese of the Brie family produced in and around that city.-Twin towns:Coulommiers was twinned with Leighton Buzzard in 1958...
(France
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
) - since 1971 Leighton–Linslade (United Kingdom
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
) - since 1991
Roads
Titisee-Neustadt lies on Bundesstraße (Federal Highway) B 31 (BreisachBreisach
Breisach is a town with approximately 16,500 inhabitants, situated along the Rhine in the Rhine Valley, in the district Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald, Baden-Württemberg, Germany, about halfway between Freiburg and Colmar — 20 kilometres away from each — and about 60 kilometres north of Basel near the...
- Lindau
Lindau
Lindau is a Bavarian town and an island on the eastern side of Lake Constance, the Bodensee. It is the capital of the Landkreis or rural district of Lindau. The historic city of Lindau is located on an island which is connected with the mainland by bridge and railway.- History :The name Lindau was...
) which joins both the A 5
Bundesautobahn 5
is a 445 km long Autobahn in Germany. Its northern end is the Hattenbach triangle intersection is a 445 km (277 mi) long Autobahn in Germany. Its northern end is the Hattenbach triangle intersection is a 445 km (277 mi) long Autobahn in Germany. Its northern end is the...
and A 81
Bundesautobahn 81
is a motorway in Germany. It branches off the A 3 at the Würzburg-West triangle and ends near the border to Switzerland.The oldest part of the A 81 between the Weinsberg intersection near Heilbronn and the Leonberg triangle near Stuttgart was finished in the years 1938 to 1940...
north-south Autobahnen. From the B 31, the B 317 to Weil am Rhein
Weil am Rhein
Weil am Rhein is a German town and commune which is a suburb of the city of Basel in Switzerland. It is situated on the east bank of the River Rhine, and close to the point at which the Swiss, French and German borders meet. It is the most southwesterly town in Germany.-Geography:Weil am Rhein is...
branches off in the town. The B 500 likewise runs through Titisee-Neustadt. Also, the B 315 lies nearby.
Public transport
The town has two railway stations at Titisee and Neustadt. A half hourly electric train service on the Höllentalbahn connects Freiburg im Breisgau with Titisee. From Titisee alternate trains either continue on the Höllentalbahn to Neustadt, or diverge onto the Dreiseenbahn ("Three-Lake Railway") to Seebrugg, thus providing Neustadt with an hourly service to Freiburg. Beyond Neustadt, an hourly diesel train operates to DonaueschingenDonaueschingen
Donaueschingen is a German town in the Black Forest in the southwest of the federal state of Baden-Württemberg in the Schwarzwald-Baar Kreis. It stands near the confluence of the two sources of the river Danube ....
.
Buses cover areas not served by trains, for instance Titisee to Lenzkirch and Todtnau.
Airports
The nearest airports are:- EuroAirport Basel-Mulhouse-FreiburgEuroAirport Basel-Mulhouse-FreiburgEuroAirport Basel-Mulhouse-Freiburg is an international airport northwest of Basel , southeast of Mulhouse , and south of Freiburg . It is located in France, on the administrative territory of the commune of Saint-Louis near the Swiss and German borders...
(90 km) - Zürich International AirportZürich International AirportZurich Airport also called Kloten Airport, is located in the canton of Zurich, Switzerland, and managed by Flughafen Zürich AG. It is Switzerland's largest international flight gateway and hub to Swiss International Air Lines. It is partially in Kloten, Rümlang, Oberglatt, Winkel and Opfikon...
(90 km) - Stuttgart AirportStuttgart AirportStuttgart Airport is an international airport located approximately south of Stuttgart, Germany....
(150 km)
Industry
Among the industrial firms established in the municipality are:- Bach KfZ-Landmaschinen
- Bau GmbH Schubnell KG
- H.M.V. Maschinenverleih
- Hoenes Uhrenfabrik
- NOVILA Wäschefabrik GmbH
- Technocell Dekor GmbH & Co
Courts
Titisee-Neustadt has at its disposal a Magistrates' Court (Amtsgericht) which belongs to the state court region of Freiburg im Breisgau and to the supreme state court region (Oberlandesgericht) of Karlsruhe.Educational institutions
- music school
- sales school
- RealschuleRealschuleThe Realschule is a type of secondary school in Germany, Austria, Switzerland, and Liechtenstein. It has also existed in Croatia , Denmark , Sweden , Hungary and in the Russian Empire .-History:The Realschule was an outgrowth of the rationalism and empiricism of the seventeenth and...
- GymnasiumGymnasium (school)A gymnasium is a type of school providing secondary education in some parts of Europe, comparable to English grammar schools or sixth form colleges and U.S. college preparatory high schools. The word γυμνάσιον was used in Ancient Greece, meaning a locality for both physical and intellectual...
- Folk high schoolFolk high schoolFolk high schools are institutions for adult education that generally do not grant academic degrees, though certain courses might exist leading to that goal...
- special school
Sport and leisure
- Ski jumpSki jumpingSki jumping is a sport in which skiers go down a take-off ramp, jump and attempt to land as far as possible down the hill below. In addition to the length of the jump, judges give points for style. The skis used for ski jumping are wide and long...
: In 2001 the first World Cup Jump took place here. - HikingHikingHiking is an outdoor activity which consists of walking in natural environments, often in mountainous or other scenic terrain. People often hike on hiking trails. It is such a popular activity that there are numerous hiking organizations worldwide. The health benefits of different types of hiking...
: there are numerous hiking trails around the municipality suitable for short walks or all-day hikes. Both north-south and east-west long-distance footpaths across the Black Forest pass through Titisee-Neustadt: of the three main north-south routes, the WestwegWestwegThe Westweg, , is a long-distance hiking trail running north-south through the Black Forest from Pforzheim to Basel. The trail is around 285 kilometres long, and was founded in 1900. It is currently maintained under the auspices of the Schwarzwaldverein...
passes through Titisee and the Mittelweg through Neustadt, while the longest established east-west route, the Schwarzwald-Querweg Freiburg-BodenseeSchwarzwald-Querweg Freiburg-BodenseeThe Schwarzwald-Querweg Freiburg-Bodensee is a long-distance footpath that runs in an east–west direction in the Black Forest region of Baden-Württemberg, Germany....
, passes around the south and east shores of the lake and then climbs the Hochfirst. The European walking route E1European walking route E1The E1 European long distance path, or just E1 path, is one of the European long-distance paths with a total length of some 4,960 km. It begins in Sweden, and crosses the Kattegat between Sweden and Denmark by ferry. It passes through Denmark, Germany and Switzerland to finish at Scapoli, Italy...
follows the route of the Westweg in this section.
Culture and sightseeing
Titisee-Neustadt lies on the Deutsche Uhrenstraße ("German Clock Road").Buildings
- The Catholic MinsterMinster (cathedral)Minster is an honorific title given to particular churches in England, most famously York Minster. The term minster is first found in royal foundation charters of the 7th century; and, although it corresponds to the Latin monasterium or monastery, it then designated any settlement of clergy living...
in Neustadt - The Hochfirstschanze ski jump (Germany's biggest jump, also one of the world's biggest).
- The Hochfirstturm (tower) at the top of the Hochfirst (1192 m above sea levelSea levelMean sea level is a measure of the average height of the ocean's surface ; used as a standard in reckoning land elevation...
)
Natural monuments
- TitiseeTitiseeTitisee is a lake in the southern Black Forest in Baden-Württemberg. It is said it got its name from Roman Emperor Titus. It covers an area of 1.3 km² and has an average depth of 20 m. It owes its creation to the Feldberg glacier, the moraine ploughed up by which in the Pleistocene epoch...
(lake) - Titisee-Neustadt lies in the Naturpark Südschwarzwald (South Black Forest Nature Park). The Mittelweg hiking trail that goes through town leads by many natural monuments.
Honorary citizens
- Medical adviser Dr. Josef Winterhalter (b. 1796 in St. Märgen; d. 1879 in Neustadt), founder of Neustadt's first hospitalHospitalA hospital is a health care institution providing patient treatment by specialized staff and equipment. Hospitals often, but not always, provide for inpatient care or longer-term patient stays....
.