Reis
Encyclopedia
Surname
Reis is a common surnameSurname
A surname is a name added to a given name and is part of a personal name. In many cases, a surname is a family name. Many dictionaries define "surname" as a synonym of "family name"...
in the Portuguese language, namely in Portugal
Portugal
Portugal , officially the Portuguese Republic is a country situated in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Portugal is the westernmost country of Europe, and is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the West and South and by Spain to the North and East. The Atlantic archipelagos of the...
and Brazil
Brazil
Brazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population with over 192 million people...
. It was originally a Christian
Christian
A Christian is a person who adheres to Christianity, an Abrahamic, monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth as recorded in the Canonical gospels and the letters of the New Testament...
devotional family name
Family name
A family name is a type of surname and part of a person's name indicating the family to which the person belongs. The use of family names is widespread in cultures around the world...
of the Middle Ages
Middle Ages
The Middle Ages is a periodization of European history from the 5th century to the 15th century. The Middle Ages follows the fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476 and precedes the Early Modern Era. It is the middle period of a three-period division of Western history: Classic, Medieval and Modern...
, probably due to the Portuguese name for the Biblical Magi
Biblical Magi
The Magi Greek: μάγοι, magoi), also referred to as the Wise Men, Kings, Astrologers, or Kings from the East, were a group of distinguished foreigners who were said to have visited Jesus after his birth, bearing gifts of gold, frankincense and myrrh...
, the Reis Magos (the Magi Kings
Monarch
A monarch is the person who heads a monarchy. This is a form of government in which a state or polity is ruled or controlled by an individual who typically inherits the throne by birth and occasionally rules for life or until abdication...
). Sometimes the surname is dos Reis (of the Kings). The Reis surname does not denote a single genealogical
Genealogy
Genealogy is the study of families and the tracing of their lineages and history. Genealogists use oral traditions, historical records, genetic analysis, and other records to obtain information about a family and to demonstrate kinship and pedigrees of its members...
origin and there are many different families bearing that surname. The Reis etymology is probably from the Latin Rex ("King
King
- Centers of population :* King, Ontario, CanadaIn USA:* King, Indiana* King, North Carolina* King, Lincoln County, Wisconsin* King, Waupaca County, Wisconsin* King County, Washington- Moving-image works :Television:...
"), and it is noticeable that it has relations with the German
German language
German is a West Germanic language, related to and classified alongside English and Dutch. With an estimated 90 – 98 million native speakers, German is one of the world's major languages and is the most widely-spoken first language in the European Union....
Reich
Reich
Reich is a German word cognate with the English rich, but also used to designate an empire, realm, or nation. The qualitative connotation from the German is " sovereign state." It is the word traditionally used for a variety of sovereign entities, including Germany in many periods of its history...
("Kingdom, Empire"), and the Dutch
Dutch language
Dutch is a West Germanic language and the native language of the majority of the population of the Netherlands, Belgium, and Suriname, the three member states of the Dutch Language Union. Most speakers live in the European Union, where it is a first language for about 23 million and a second...
Rijk (also "Kingdom, Empire"), the Germanic names Rick
Rick
Rick may refer to:*Rick *Rickenbacker, a guitar manufacturer*A shortened version of the given name Richard*Tropical Storm Rick *Rick's Cabaret International, Inc., whose stock ticker symbol is RICK...
, Rich
Rich
Rich may refer to wealth. Rich may also refer to:- Organizations :* B.C. Rich, guitar manufacturer* Rich Products, international food products corporation* Rich's, U.S. department store retail chain in the southern U.S....
, Richard
Richard
The first or given name Richard derives from German, French, and English "ric" and "hard" , therefore it means 'powerful leader' as well as 'King's Court'...
, etc.
Reis is also a common surname
Surname
A surname is a name added to a given name and is part of a personal name. In many cases, a surname is a family name. Many dictionaries define "surname" as a synonym of "family name"...
in the German language
German language
German is a West Germanic language, related to and classified alongside English and Dutch. With an estimated 90 – 98 million native speakers, German is one of the world's major languages and is the most widely-spoken first language in the European Union....
(where its alternative meaning is "rice"), a historically famous name derived from military rank in Turkey
Turkey
Turkey , known officially as the Republic of Turkey , is a Eurasian country located in Western Asia and in East Thrace in Southeastern Europe...
(e.g., Piri Reis
Piri Reis
Piri Reis was an Turkish Ottoman admiral, geographer and cartographer born between 1465 and 1470 and died in 1554 or 1555....
), and was also used by some European Jews
Jews
The Jews , also known as the Jewish people, are a nation and ethnoreligious group originating in the Israelites or Hebrews of the Ancient Near East. The Jewish ethnicity, nationality, and religion are strongly interrelated, as Judaism is the traditional faith of the Jewish nation...
.
It is a name associated with a great number of different people:
- Alves dos ReisAlves dos ReisArtur Virgílio Alves Reis was a Portuguese criminal who perpetrated one of the largest frauds in history, against Banco de Portugal in 1925, often called the Portuguese Bank Note Crisis.- Early life :...
, Portuguese financial criminal - António ReisAntónio ReisAntónio Reis was a Portuguese film director. He was married to Margarida Cordeiro, co-director in most of his films. He is considered as one of the most important directors of his country, due to the originality of his style.-Filmography:...
, Portuguese film director - Gabriel ReisGabriel ReisGabriel Reis Lopes Rocha is a water polo player from Brazil. He competed in two consecutive Pan American Games for his native country, starting in 2003. Reis won two silver medals at this event with the Brazil men's national water polo team.-References:...
, Brazilian water polo player - Johann Philipp ReisJohann Philipp ReisJohann Philipp Reis was a self-taught German scientist and inventor. In 1861, he constructed the first make-and-break telephone, today called the Reis telephone.- Early life and education :...
, German scientist and inventor - John ReisJohn ReisJohn Reis is an American musician, singer, guitarist, record label owner, and disc jockey. He is best known as the singer and guitarist for the rock band Rocket from the Crypt, which he formed and fronted for the entirety of its career from 1990 to 2005...
, American musician - Jonathan ReisJonathan ReisJonathan Reis , is a Brazilian footballer who most recently played for PSV Eindhoven of the Dutch Eredivisie....
, Football player - Matt ReisMatt ReisMatt Reis is an American soccer player who currently plays for New England Revolution in Major League Soccer.-College:Reis played college soccer at UCLA...
, American football player - Micaela Reis, Angolan model, Top 10 at the 2007 Miss Universe pageantMiss Universe 2007Miss Universe 2007, the 56th Miss Universe pageant, took place on May 28, 2007 at the National Auditorium in Mexico City, Mexico. 77 delegates competed for the title. Riyo Mori of Japan was crowned the winner of the title by Zuleyka Rivera of Puerto Rico....
and 1st runner-up at Miss World 2007Miss World 2007Miss World 2007, the 57th Miss World pageant was held at the Crown of Beauty Theatre, Sanya, People's Republic of China on December 1, 2007. It was hosted by Fernando Allende and Angela Chow. Zhang Zilin of the People's Republic of China won the crown and succeeded Miss World 2006, Taťána Kuchařová... - Michelle Monique Reis, Hong Kong actress
- Nando ReisNando ReisNando Reis is a Brazilian musician and producer, best known as the former bassist and lead singer of Brazilian rock band Titãs and for his successful solo career, with his own band called Os Infernais...
, Brazilian rock bass/acoustic guitarist - Nicolau dos Reis LobatoNicolau dos Reis LobatoNicolau dos Reis Lobato was an East-Timorese politician and national hero. He was born in 1952 in Bazartete, Portuguese Timor. Lobato was prime minister of East Timor from November 28 to December 7, 1975...
, East Timorese politician - Ricardo ReisRicardo ReisRicardo A. M. R. Reis is a Portuguese economist. He is currently a professor of economics at Columbia University in New York City. He became a full professor at the age of 29, one of the youngest ever in the history of the University...
, one of the Portuguese poet Fernando PessoaFernando PessoaFernando Pessoa, born Fernando António Nogueira de Seabra Pessoa , was a Portuguese poet, writer, literary critic and translator described as one of the most significant literary figures of the 20th century and one of the greatest poets in the Portuguese language.-Early years in Durban:On 13 July...
's heteronymHeteronym (literature)The literary concept of heteronym, invented by Portuguese writer and poet Fernando Pessoa, refers to one or more imaginary character created by a writer to write in different styles...
s - Roberto Esser dos ReisRoberto Esser dos ReisRoberto Esser dos Reis, Brazilian D.Sc. and ichthyologist. Among other duties, doctor dos Reis has been working at the University of São Paulo, Brazil, and the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA. Most of his research as an ichtyologist regards different types of South American catfish; for...
, Brazilian ichthyologistIchthyologyIchthyology is the branch of zoology devoted to the study of fish. This includes skeletal fish , cartilaginous fish , and jawless fish... - Rodrigo Junqueira dos ReisRodrigo SantoroRodrigo Junqueira dos Reis Santoro is a Brazilian actor.-Life and career:Santoro was born in Petrópolis, Rio de Janeiro. He is of half Brazilian and half Italian descent. In 1993, as Santoro was studying Journalism at PUC-Rio, he entered the Actor's Workshop of Rede Globo...
, Brazilian actor - Ron ReisRon ReisRonald Allen "Ron" Reis is an American professional wrestler, best known for his appearances with World Championship Wrestling in the late 1990s as The Yeti and Reese.-World Championship Wrestling :...
, American professional wrestlerProfessional wrestlingProfessional wrestling is a mode of spectacle, combining athletics and theatrical performance.Roland Barthes, "The World of Wrestling", Mythologies, 1957 It takes the form of events, held by touring companies, which mimic a title match combat sport... - Henrique Reis, Canadian Kitchener/Waterloo IT Specialist
Currency
Reis (or similar words) is the plural form of a number of currenciesCurrency
In economics, currency refers to a generally accepted medium of exchange. These are usually the coins and banknotes of a particular government, which comprise the physical aspects of a nation's money supply...
called real
Real
Real may also refer to:* Reality, the state of things as they actually exist, rather than as they may appear or may be thought to be.-Finance:* Inflation adjusted amountsCurrencies:* Brazilian realFormer currencies:* Mexican real* Portuguese real...
, past and present:
- The realBrazilian realThe real is the present-day currency of Brazil. Its sign is R$ and its ISO code is BRL. It is subdivided into 100 centavos ....
(plural reais) is the present currency of Brazil. - The Spanish realSpanish realThe real was a unit of currency in Spain for several centuries after the mid-14th century, but changed in value relative to other units introduced...
(plural reales) was a currency of SpainSpainSpain , officially the Kingdom of Spain languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Spain's official name is as follows:;;;;;;), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula...
. - The Portuguese realPortuguese realThe real was the unit of currency of Portugal from around 1430 until 1911. It replaced the dinheiro at the rate of 1 real = 840 dinheiros and was itself replaced by the escudo at a rate of 1 escudo = 1000 réis...
(plural reis or réis) was a currency of Portugal.
Military rank
Reis (also Rais) was a TurkishTurkish language
Turkish is a language spoken as a native language by over 83 million people worldwide, making it the most commonly spoken of the Turkic languages. Its speakers are located predominantly in Turkey and Northern Cyprus with smaller groups in Iraq, Greece, Bulgaria, the Republic of Macedonia, Kosovo,...
military rank akin to that of captain (naval)
Captain (naval)
Captain is the name most often given in English-speaking navies to the rank corresponding to command of the largest ships. The NATO rank code is OF-5, equivalent to an army full colonel....
, that was commonly added to the officer's
Officer (armed forces)
An officer is a member of an armed force or uniformed service who holds a position of authority. Commissioned officers derive authority directly from a sovereign power and, as such, hold a commission charging them with the duties and responsibilities of a specific office or position...
name. Examples include:
- "Piri ReisPiri ReisPiri Reis was an Turkish Ottoman admiral, geographer and cartographer born between 1465 and 1470 and died in 1554 or 1555....
" - Dragut "Turgut Reis"Turgut ReisTurgut Reis was an Ottoman Admiral and privateer who also served as Bey of Algiers; Beylerbey of the Mediterranean; and first Bey, later Pasha, of Tripoli. Under his naval command the Ottoman Empire maritime was extended across North Africa...
- Murat "Reis"Murat ReisMurat Reis may refer to:*Murat Reis , admiral of Suleiman the Magnificent*Murat Reis the Elder, Ottoman privateer and admiral*Jan Janszoon, Murat Reis the Younger, Dutch pirate and president of the Republic of Salé...
- Uluç Ali "Reis"Uluj AliUluj Ali was an Italian by birth who converted to Islam, became a pirate, and later became an Ottoman admiral and Grand Admiral of the Ottoman Fleet in the 16th century.He was also known by several other names in...
- Seydi Ali "Reis"Seydi Ali ReisSeydi Ali Reis was an Ottoman admiral.He commanded the left wing of the Ottoman fleet at the naval Battle of Preveza in 1538....
The rank Reis-Pasha referred to an Admiral, while the Kapudan Pasha was commander-in-chief of the Ottoman Fleet
Places
There are several places around the world named Reis:- Dirce ReisDirce ReisDirce Reis is a municipality in the state of São Paulo in Brazil, situated at an elevation of 402 m. In 2004, it had a population of 1,479, occupying an area of 88.625 km²....
, São PauloSão Paulo (state)São Paulo is a state in Brazil. It is the major industrial and economic powerhouse of the Brazilian economy. Named after Saint Paul, São Paulo has the largest population, industrial complex, and economic production in the country. It is the richest state in Brazil...
in Brazil. - Angra dos ReisAngra dos ReisAngra dos Reis is a Brazilian municipality located in the southern part of Rio de Janeiro state. It is located at an altitude of 6 meters and includes in its territory 365 offshore islands. It was discovered on January 6, 1502, but has been under continual settlement since 1556. Its population...
, Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro (state)Rio de Janeiro is one of the 27 states of Brazil.Rio de Janeiro has the second largest economy of Brazil behind only São Paulo state.The state of Rio de Janeiro is located within the Brazilian geopolitical region classified as the Southeast...
in Brazil. - Reis TownshipReis Township, MinnesotaReis Township is a township in Polk County, Minnesota, United States. It is part of the 'Grand Forks-ND-MN Metropolitan Statistical Area'. The population was 74 at the 2000 census.-Geography:...
, Polk County, MinnesotaPolk County, MinnesotaAs of the census of 2000, there were 31,369 people, 12,070 households, and 8,050 families residing in the county. The population density was 16 people per square mile . There were 14,008 housing units at an average density of 7 per square mile...
in America. - Reis Magos, former name of Nova AlmeidaNova Almeida, Espírito SantoNova Almeida is a town in the municipality of Serra, in the State of Espírito Santo, Brazil. Its official status is "neighbourhood" . The town is located about north of the state capital, Vitória...
, Espírito SantoEspírito SantoEspírito Santo is one of the states of southeastern Brazil, often referred to by the abbreviation "ES". Its capital is Vitória and the largest city is Vila Velha. The name of the state means literally "holy spirit" after the Holy Ghost of Christianity...
in Brazil. - Reis Magos, a river at whose mouth the town of Nova Almeida (Brazil) stands.
- Caldas de ReisCaldas de ReisCaldas de Reis is a municipality in Galicia, Spain in the north of the province of Pontevedra.During Roman times, the town was known as Aquis Celenis....
, Portugal.
Other
- TCG Uluç Ali Reis (S-338), TCG Hizir Reis (S-342) and TCG Turgut Reis (S 342), submarines of the Turkish NavyTurkish NavyThe Turkish Navy is the naval warfare service branch of the Turkish Armed Forces.- Ottoman fleet after Mudros :Following the demise of the Ottoman Empire in the aftermath of World War I, on November 3, 1918, the fleet commander of the Ottoman Navy, Liva Amiral Arif Pasha, ordered all flags to be...
. - The Year of the Death of Ricardo ReisThe Year of the Death of Ricardo ReisThe Year of the Death of Ricardo Reis is a 1984 novel by Portuguese novelist José Saramago, the winner of the 1998 Nobel Prize in literature...
, novel by Portuguese novelist José SaramagoJosé SaramagoJosé de Sousa Saramago, GColSE was a Nobel-laureate Portuguese novelist, poet, playwright and journalist. His works, some of which can be seen as allegories, commonly present subversive perspectives on historic events, emphasizing the human factor. Harold Bloom has described Saramago as "a...
.