Mid-air collision
Encyclopedia
A mid-air collision is an aviation accident in which two or more aircraft come into contact during flight. Owing to the relatively high velocities involved and any subsequent impact on the ground or sea, very severe damage or the total destruction of at least one of the aircraft involved usually results. The chance of surviving a major mid-air collision is virtually zero in the absence of ejector seat
s and parachutes, as indicated below, although occasionally this rule may be violated (as on 1965 Carmel mid-air collision
).
The potential for a mid-air collision is increased by miscommunication, error in navigation, and deviations from flight plan
s. Albeit a rare occurrence due to the vastness of open space available, collisions often happen near or at airports, due to the large volume of aircraft and closer spacing compared to general flight.
of France in an Antionette monoplane
collided with Captain Bertram Dickson of the British army in a Farman biplane
by ramming him in the rear. Both pilots survived but Dickson was so badly injured he never flew again.
The 1958 collision between United Airlines Flight 736
and a fighter jet, as well as another U.S. military/civilian crash one month later involving Capital Airlines Flight 300, hastened the signing of the Federal Aviation Act of 1958
into law. The act created the Federal Aviation Agency (later renamed the Federal Aviation Administration
), and provided unified control of airspace for both civil and military flights.
In 2005, as part of an effort to reduce such military/civilian mid-air collisions in U.S. airspace, the Air National Guard
Flight Safety Division, led by Lt Col Edward Vaughan, used the Disruptive Solutions Process
to create the See and Avoid web portal. In late 2006, the U.S. Defense Safety Oversight Council (DSOC) recognized and funded the site as its official civil/military midair collision prevention website, with participation by all the services.
Ejector seat
In aircraft, an ejection seat is a system designed to rescue the pilot or other crew of an aircraft in an emergency. In most designs, the seat is propelled out of the aircraft by an explosive charge or rocket motor, carrying the pilot with it. The concept of an eject-able escape capsule has also...
s and parachutes, as indicated below, although occasionally this rule may be violated (as on 1965 Carmel mid-air collision
1965 Carmel mid-air collision
The 1965 Carmel mid-air collision occurred on December 4, 1965 when Eastern Air Lines Flight 853 , a Lockheed Super Constellation en route from Boston Logan International Airport to Newark International Airport, collided in mid-air with Trans World Airlines Flight 42 , a Boeing 707-131B en route...
).
The potential for a mid-air collision is increased by miscommunication, error in navigation, and deviations from flight plan
Flight plan
Flight plans are documents filed by pilots or a Flight Dispatcher with the local Civil Aviation Authority prior to departure...
s. Albeit a rare occurrence due to the vastness of open space available, collisions often happen near or at airports, due to the large volume of aircraft and closer spacing compared to general flight.
First recorded mid air collision
The first recorded collision between air-planes occurred at the 'Milano Circuito Aereo Internazionale' meeting held between 24 September and 3 October 1910 in the city of Milan, Italy. On 3 October Rene ThomasRené Thomas (auto racing)
René Thomas was a French motor racing champion. Thomas was also a pioneer aviator.-Biography:He was born on March 7, 1886....
of France in an Antionette monoplane
Antoinette IV
|-See also:* Antoinette III* Antoinette V* Antoinette VI* Antoinette VII* Antoinette military monoplane-References:* World Aircraft Information Files. Brightstar Publishing: London. File 889 Sheet 63.* *...
collided with Captain Bertram Dickson of the British army in a Farman biplane
Farman III
|-See also:-Bibliography:*Opdycke, Leonard E French Aeroplanes Before the Great War Atglen, PA: Schiffer 1999 ISBN 0 7643 0752 5-External links:**...
by ramming him in the rear. Both pilots survived but Dickson was so badly injured he never flew again.
Efforts to prevent military/civilian collisions in the United States
There are many types and causes of mid-air collisions. On some occasions, military aircraft conducting training flights inadvertently collide with civilian aircraft. Before 1958, civilian air traffic controllers guiding civilian flights and military controllers guiding military aircraft were both unaware of the other's aircraft.The 1958 collision between United Airlines Flight 736
United Airlines Flight 736
United Airlines Flight 736 was a daily U.S. transcontinental passenger flight operated by United Airlines that crashed on April21, 1958. The aircraft assigned to Flight 736, a Douglas DC-7 airliner carrying 47 persons, was flying at cruise altitude above Clark County, Nevada, en route to a stopover...
and a fighter jet, as well as another U.S. military/civilian crash one month later involving Capital Airlines Flight 300, hastened the signing of the Federal Aviation Act of 1958
Federal Aviation Act of 1958
The Federal Aviation Act of 1958 was an act of the United States Congress, , that created the Federal Aviation Agency and abolished its predecessor, the Civil Aeronautics Administration...
into law. The act created the Federal Aviation Agency (later renamed the Federal Aviation Administration
Federal Aviation Administration
The Federal Aviation Administration is the national aviation authority of the United States. An agency of the United States Department of Transportation, it has authority to regulate and oversee all aspects of civil aviation in the U.S...
), and provided unified control of airspace for both civil and military flights.
In 2005, as part of an effort to reduce such military/civilian mid-air collisions in U.S. airspace, the Air National Guard
Air National Guard
The Air National Guard , often referred to as the Air Guard, is the air force militia organized by each of the fifty U.S. states, the commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the territories of Guam and the U.S. Virgin Islands, and the District of Columbia of the United States. Established under Title 10 and...
Flight Safety Division, led by Lt Col Edward Vaughan, used the Disruptive Solutions Process
Disruptive Solutions Process
The Disruptive Solutions Process is a concept applied to the mishap prevention part of the combat operations process, often at tactical or operational level, primarily in Air National Guard applications. However, it has been used successfully in other government agencies and in the private sector...
to create the See and Avoid web portal. In late 2006, the U.S. Defense Safety Oversight Council (DSOC) recognized and funded the site as its official civil/military midair collision prevention website, with participation by all the services.
List of notable civilian mid-air collisions
| Date | Fatalities | Survivors | Flights involved | Phase of flight | Site | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1922 | Apr 7 | 7 | 0 | CGEA Farman F.60 Daimler Hire Ltd. de Havilland DH.18A First mid-air collision of airliners The first mid-air collision of airliners took place on 7 April 1922 over Picardie, France, involving British and French passenger-carrying biplanes.... |
Cruise | Picardie Picardie Picardy is one of the 27 regions of France. It is located in the northern part of France.-History:The historical province of Picardy stretched from north of Noyon to Calais, via the whole of the Somme department and the north of the Aisne department... , France France The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France... , |
| 1938 | Aug 24 | 45 | Two Japanese aircraft | ? | Ōmori, Tokyo Omori is a district located a few kilometres south of Shinagawa, Tokyo, Japan accessed by rail via the Keihin Tohoku line, or by road via Dai Ichi Keihin. Ōmorikaigan, the eastern area of Ōmori, can be reached via the Keikyu line.... , Japan |
|
| 1942 | Oct 23 | 12 | 2 | American Airlines Flight 28 US Army B-34 flight American Airlines Flight 28 American Airlines Flight 28 was a scheduled domestic passenger flight that crashed on October 23, 1942 in Chino Canyon, near Palm Springs, California after being struck by a United States Army Air Forces B-34 bomber... |
Ascent/descent | Chino Canyon, California Chino Canyon, California Chino Canyon is a long desert canyon, and its associated stream is a tributary of the Whitewater River in Riverside County, California, United States. The canyon is located in the northern part of the San Jacinto Mountains and is part of the Coachella Valley... , U.S. |
| 1945 | Jul 12 | 2 | 24 | Eastern Airlines Flight 45 / U.S. Army Air Force A-26 Invader Eastern Airlines Flight 45 Eastern Air Lines Flight 45 was a domestic commercial airline flight that suffered a mid-air collision with a USAAF A-26 Invader bomber over northeastern South Carolina on 12 July 1945, forcing an emergency landing in a field by the airliner, and resulting in the crash of the bomber... |
Descent | Florence, South Carolina Florence, South Carolina -Municipal government and politics:The City of Florence has a council-manager form of government. The mayor and city council are elected every four years, with no term limits... , U.S. |
| 1948 | April 5 | 15 | 0 | British European Airways Vickers VC.1 Viking Soviet Air Force Flight 1948 Gatow air disaster The 1948 Gatow air disaster occurred on Monday 5 April 1948 when a British European Airways Vickers VC.1B Viking airliner crashed near RAF Gatow, Berlin, Germany after a mid-air collision with a Soviet Air Force Yakovlev Yak-3 fighter. All ten passengers and four crew on board the Viking were... |
Approach | RAF Gatow RAF Gatow Known for most of its operational life as Royal Air Force Station Gatow, or more commonly RAF Gatow, this former British Royal Air Force military airbase is in the district of Gatow in south-western Berlin, west of the Havel river, in the borough of Spandau... , Berlin Berlin Berlin is the capital city of Germany and is one of the 16 states of Germany. With a population of 3.45 million people, Berlin is Germany's largest city. It is the second most populous city proper and the seventh most populous urban area in the European Union... , Germany Germany Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate... . |
| 1948 | Jul 4 | 39 | 0 | Scandinavian Airlines System DC-6RAF Avro York Northwood mid-air collision The Northwood mid-air collision happened on 4 July 1948 when a SAS DC-6, registration SE-BDA and a RAF Avro York, serial number MW248 collided over Northwood, London close to RAF Northolt... |
Descent | Northwood Northwood Northwood is a suburban area in Greater London, and is part of the London Borough of Hillingdon.The population was recorded as 11,068 in 2008, by the Office for National Statistics.-Toponomy:... , London London London is the capital city of :England and the :United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom, and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures. Located on the River Thames, London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its... UK. |
| 1949 | Feb 19 | 14 | 0 | BEA Douglas DakotaRAF Avro Anson | Cruise | Exhall Exhall Exhall is a suburban settlement in the Nuneaton and Bedworth district of Warwickshire, England.- Geography :Exhall is an area south of Bedworth located 4.3 miles north-north-east of Coventry and 3.8 miles south of Nuneaton... , U.K. |
| 1949 | Nov 1 | 55 | 1 | Eastern Air Lines 537 Lockheed P-38 test flight | Approach | Washington, D.C. Washington, D.C. Washington, D.C., formally the District of Columbia and commonly referred to as Washington, "the District", or simply D.C., is the capital of the United States. On July 16, 1790, the United States Congress approved the creation of a permanent national capital as permitted by the U.S. Constitution.... , U.S. |
| 1951 | Apr 25 | 43 | 0 | Cubana de Aviación 493 US Navy flight Cubana de Aviacion Flight 493 Cubana de Aviación Flight 493, registration CU-T188, was a Douglas DC-4 en route from Miami, Florida, United States, to Havana, Cuba, on April 25, 1951. A US Navy Beechcraft SNB-1 Kansan, BuNo 39939, was on an instrument training flight in the vicinity of the Key West, Florida Naval Air Station at... |
Cruise/climb | Key West, Florida Key West, Florida Key West is a city in Monroe County, Florida, United States. The city encompasses the island of Key West, the part of Stock Island north of U.S. 1 , Sigsbee Park , Fleming Key , and Sunset Key... , U.S. |
| 1952 | Jun 28 | 2 | 60 | American Airlines Flight 910 private Temco Swift American Airlines Flight 910 American Airlines Flight 910, a four-engine Douglas DC-6 propliner, collided in mid-air with a single engine Temco Swift on final approach to Dallas Love Field on June 28, 1952, over Dallas, Texas. The DC-6 was carrying 55 passengers and 5 crew members from San Francisco, California... |
Approach | Dallas, Texas Dallas, Texas Dallas is the third-largest city in Texas and the ninth-largest in the United States. The Dallas-Fort Worth Metroplex is the largest metropolitan area in the South and fourth-largest metropolitan area in the United States... , USA |
| 1955 | Jan 12 | 15 | 0 | TWA flight Private flight 1955 Cincinnati mid-air collision The 1955 Cincinnati mid-air collision occurred on January 12, 1955 when a Trans World Airlines Martin 2-0-2 on takeoff from Boone County Airport collided in mid-air with a privately-owned Douglas DC-3 that had entered the airport's control space without proper clearance... |
Climb | Boone County, Kentucky Boone County, Kentucky Boone County is a county located in the U.S. state of Kentucky. It was formed in 1798. The population was 118,811 in the 2010 Census. Its county seat is Burlington. The county is named for frontiersman Daniel Boone... , U.S. |
| 1956 | Jun 30 | 128 | 0 | UA Flight 718 TWA Flight 2 1956 Grand Canyon mid-air collision The 1956 Grand Canyon mid-air collision occurred on Saturday, June 30, 1956 at 10:30 AM Pacific Standard Time when a United Airlines passenger airliner struck a Trans World Airlines airliner over the Grand Canyon in Arizona, resulting in the crash of both planes and 128 fatalities... |
Cruise | Grand Canyon Grand Canyon The Grand Canyon is a steep-sided canyon carved by the Colorado River in the United States in the state of Arizona. It is largely contained within the Grand Canyon National Park, the 15th national park in the United States... , Arizona, U.S. |
| 1958 | Apr 21 | 49 | 0 | United Airlines Flight 736 USAF F-100 Super Sabre United Airlines Flight 736 United Airlines Flight 736 was a daily U.S. transcontinental passenger flight operated by United Airlines that crashed on April21, 1958. The aircraft assigned to Flight 736, a Douglas DC-7 airliner carrying 47 persons, was flying at cruise altitude above Clark County, Nevada, en route to a stopover... |
Cruise | Las Vegas, Nevada Las Vegas, Nevada Las Vegas is the most populous city in the U.S. state of Nevada and is also the county seat of Clark County, Nevada. Las Vegas is an internationally renowned major resort city for gambling, shopping, and fine dining. The city bills itself as The Entertainment Capital of the World, and is famous... , U.S. |
| 1958 | May 20 | 13 | 1 | Capital Airlines Flight 300 Air National Guard flight | Descent | Brunswick, Maryland Brunswick, Maryland Brunswick is a city in Frederick County, Maryland, United States. The population was 5,870 at the 2010 census.- History :The area now known as Brunswick was originally home to the Susquehanna Indians. In 1728 the first settlement was built, and the region became known as Eel Town, because the... , U.S. |
| 1958 | May 20 | 31 | 1 | British European Airways Flight 142 Italian Air Force F-86 Sabre flight | Descent | Near Anzio Anzio Anzio is a city and comune on the coast of the Lazio region of Italy, about south of Rome.Well known for its seaside harbour setting, it is a fishing port and a departure point for ferries and hydroplanes to the Pontine Islands of Ponza, Palmarola and Ventotene... , Italy |
| 1960 | Dec 16 | 134 | 0 | UA Flight 826 TWA Flight 266 1960 New York air disaster The 1960 New York air disaster, also known as the Park Slope Plane Crash, was a collision on December 16, 1960, between two airliners, United Airlines Flight 826 and Trans World Airlines Flight 266 over New York City, in which Flight 266 crashed into Staten Island and 826 into Park Slope, Brooklyn... |
Descent | New York City New York City New York is the most populous city in the United States and the center of the New York Metropolitan Area, one of the most populous metropolitan areas in the world. New York exerts a significant impact upon global commerce, finance, media, art, fashion, research, technology, education, and... , New York, U.S. |
| 1965 | Dec 4 | 4 | 158 | TWA Flight 42 Eastern Airlines Flight 853 1965 Carmel mid-air collision The 1965 Carmel mid-air collision occurred on December 4, 1965 when Eastern Air Lines Flight 853 , a Lockheed Super Constellation en route from Boston Logan International Airport to Newark International Airport, collided in mid-air with Trans World Airlines Flight 42 , a Boeing 707-131B en route... |
Descent | Carmel, New York Carmel, New York Carmel is a town located in Putnam County, New York, USA. As of the 2000 census, the town had a total population of 36,465.There are no incorporated villages in the town, although the hamlets of Carmel and Mahopac each have populations sizable enough to be thought of as villages.The Town of Carmel... , U.S. |
| 1967 | Mar 9 | 26 | 0 | TWA Flight 553 Private flight TWA Flight 553 Flight 553, registration N1063T, was a McDonnell Douglas DC-9-15 jet airliner operated by Trans World Airlines en route from Pittsburgh to Dayton that collided in mid-air with a Beechcraft Baron near Urbana, Ohio on March 9, 1967... |
Descent | Urbana, Ohio Urbana, Ohio Urbana is a city in and the county seat of Champaign County, Ohio, United States, west of Columbus. Urbana was laid out in 1805, and for a time in 1812 was the headquarters of the Northwestern army. Urbana was named after the town of Urbanna, Virginia. It is the burial-place of the Indian fighter... , U.S. |
| 1967 | Jul 19 | 82 | 0 | Piedmont Airlines Flight 22 Lanseair Inc. flight Piedmont Airlines Flight 22 Piedmont Airlines Flight 22 was a Piedmont Airlines Boeing 727-22 on a scheduled airline flight in the United States from Asheville Regional Airport in Asheville, North Carolina to Roanoke Regional Airport in Roanoke, Virginia. Shortly after departure, the flight collided with a twin-engine Cessna... |
Climb/descent | Hendersonville, North Carolina Hendersonville, North Carolina Hendersonville is a city in Henderson County, North Carolina, USA, southeast of Asheville. In 1900, 1,917 persons lived in Hendersonville; in 1910, 2,818; and in 1940, 5,381 people lived here. As of the 2010 census, the city population was 12,223, up fivefold in one century. It is the county... , U.S. |
| 1969 | Sep 9 | 82 | 0 | Allegheny Airlines Flight 853 Private flight Allegheny Airlines Flight 853 Allegheny Airlines Flight 853, a McDonnell Douglas DC-9-30, collided in mid-air with a Piper PA-28 at approximately 3,550 feet on September 9, 1969, near Fairland, Indiana. The DC-9 carried 78 passengers and 4 crew members. The Piper was leased to a student pilot making a solo cross-country flight... |
Descent | Fairland, Indiana Fairland, Indiana Fairland is a town in Shelby County, Indiana, United States. The population was 315 at the 2010 census.-Geography:Fairland is located at .... , U.S. |
| 1971 | Jul 30 | 162 | 1 | ANA Flight 58 JASDF flight All Nippon Airways Flight 58 All Nippon Airways Flight 58 was a Boeing 727-281 airliner, JA8329, that collided with a Japan Air Self-Defense Force F-86F fighter jet, 92-7932, while en route from Chitose Airport in Sapporo to Tokyo International Airport in Tokyo on 30 July 1971 at 2:04 local time. All 162 of those on board... |
Cruise | near Shizukuishi Shizukuishi, Iwate is a town located in Iwate District, Iwate Prefecture, Japan.As of 31 July 2010, the town has an estimated population of 18,492.- Geography :Shizukuishi is located in the Ōu Mountains. Mount Iwate, an active volcano, lies just to the north of Shizukuishi and dominates the landscape... , Japan |
| 1973 | Mar 5 | 68 | 108 | Spanish Airlines DC9 Convair 990 | Cruise | near Nantes Nantes Nantes is a city in western France, located on the Loire River, from the Atlantic coast. The city is the 6th largest in France, while its metropolitan area ranks 8th with over 800,000 inhabitants.... , France France The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France... |
| 1975 | Jan 9 | 14 | 0 | Golden West Airlines Flight 261 Private flight | Climb | near Whittier, California Whittier, California Whittier is a city in Los Angeles County, California about southeast of Los Angeles. The city had a population of 85,331 at the 2010 census, up from 83,680 as of the 2000 census, and encompasses 14.7 square miles . Like nearby Montebello, the city constitutes part of the Gateway Cities... , USA |
| 1976 | Jun 6 | 50 | 1 | Hughes Airwest Flight 706 US Marines flight Hughes Airwest Flight 706 Hughes Airwest Flight 706 was a regularly scheduled Hughes Airwest flight operated by a Douglas DC-9-31 that collided in midair with a U.S. Marine Corps F-4B Phantom II on June 6, 1971. Flight 706 was en route from Los Angeles, California, to Seattle, Washington, with stopovers in Salt Lake City,... |
Climb | San Gabriel Mountains San Gabriel Mountains The San Gabriel Mountains Range is located in northern Los Angeles County and western San Bernardino County, California, United States. The mountain range lies between the Los Angeles Basin and the Mojave Desert, with Interstate 5 to the west and Interstate 15 to the east... , California |
| 1976 | Sep 9 | 64 | 0 | Aeroflot Flight 31Aeroflot Flight 7957 | Cruise | near Anapa Anapa Anapa is a town in Krasnodar Krai, Russia, located on the northern coast of the Black Sea near the Sea of Azov. It was originally a seaport for the Natkhuay tribe of the Adyghe people. Population: The town boasts a number of sanatoria and hotels... , Ruissa |
| 1976 | Sep 10 | 176 | 0 | BA Flight 476 Inex-Adria Flight 550 1976 Zagreb mid-air collision The 1976 Zagreb mid-air collision occurred on 10 September 1976 over Vrbovec, Yugoslavia when British Airways Flight 476, a Hawker Siddeley Trident 3B en route from London Heathrow Airport to Yeşilköy International Airport, Istanbul, collided in mid-air with Inex-Adria Aviopromet Flight 550, a... |
Cruise | near Zagreb Zagreb Zagreb is the capital and the largest city of the Republic of Croatia. It is in the northwest of the country, along the Sava river, at the southern slopes of the Medvednica mountain. Zagreb lies at an elevation of approximately above sea level. According to the last official census, Zagreb's city... , Croatia |
| 1978 | Sep 25 | 144 | 0 | PSA Flight 182 Private flight PSA Flight 182 Pacific Southwest Airlines Flight 182, registration N533PS, was a Boeing 727-214 commercial airliner that collided with a private Cessna 172 over San Diego, California on September 25, 1978. Pacific Southwest Airlines' first accident involving fatalities, the death toll of 144 makes it the... |
Descent | San Diego, California San Diego, California San Diego is the eighth-largest city in the United States and second-largest city in California. The city is located on the coast of the Pacific Ocean in Southern California, immediately adjacent to the Mexican border. The birthplace of California, San Diego is known for its mild year-round... , U.S. |
| 1979 | Aug 11 | 178 | 0 | Aeroflot 65816 Aeroflot 65735 | Cruise | Dniprodzerzhynsk Dniprodzerzhynsk Dniprodzerzhynsk is an industrial city in the Dnipropetrovsk Oblast of Ukraine, and a port on the Dnieper River.-History:The first written evidence of settlement in the territory of Dniprodzerzhynsk appeared in 1750. At that time the villages of Romankovo and Kamianske, which make the modern city,... , Ukraine |
| 1981 | Aug 24 | 37 | 1 | Aeroflot Flight 811 / military aircraft | Cruise | Zavitinsk Zavitinsk Zavitinsk is a town in Amur Oblast, Russia. Population: It is host to Zavitinsk air base.... , Russia |
| 1985 | May 3 | 94 | 0 | Aeroflot Flight SSSR-65856 Soviet Air Force Antonov An-26 | Descent | Zolochev, Ukraine Ukraine Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It has an area of 603,628 km², making it the second largest contiguous country on the European continent, after Russia... |
| 1986 | Jun 18 | 25 | 0 | Grand Canyon Airlines Flight 6 Private helicopter flight Grand Canyon Airlines Flight 6 Grand Canyon Airlines Call sign Canyon 6 was a de Havilland Canada DHC-6 Twin Otter that collided with a Bell 206 helicopter call sign Tech 2 over Grand Canyon National Park on June 18, 1986... |
Low level | Grand Canyon Grand Canyon The Grand Canyon is a steep-sided canyon carved by the Colorado River in the United States in the state of Arizona. It is largely contained within the Grand Canyon National Park, the 15th national park in the United States... , U.S |
| 1986 | Aug 31 | 82 | 0 | Aeroméxico Flight 498 Private flight Aeroméxico Flight 498 Aeroméxico Flight 498, registration , was a Douglas DC-9-32 on route from Mexico City, Mexico to Los Angeles International Airport, Los Angeles, California, United States on August 31, 1986. N4891F was a privately-operated Piper PA-28-181 Archer owned by the Kramer family en route from Torrance to... |
Descent/climb | Cerritos, California Cerritos, California Cerritos is a city in Los Angeles County, California, United States, and is one of several cities that constitute the Gateway Cities of southeast Los Angeles County. It was incorporated on April 24, 1956... , U.S. |
| 1990 | Apr 9 | 2 | 7 | ASA Flight 2254 Private flight Atlantic Southeast Airlines Flight 2254 On April 9, 1990, Atlantic Southeast Airlines commuter commercial flight 2254 from Muscle Shoals, Alabama to Gadsden, Alabama to Atlanta, Georgia was involved in a mid-air collision with a Cessna 172 over Gadsden resulting in the death of the pilot and passenger of the Cessna 172.-Accident:Atlantic... |
Climb/descent | Gadsden, Alabama Gadsden, Alabama The city of Gadsden is the county seat of Etowah County in the U.S. state of Alabama, and it is located about 65 miles northeast of Birmingham, Alabama. It is the primary city of the Gadsden Metropolitan Statistical Area, which has a population of 103,459. Gadsden is closely associated with the... , U.S. |
| 1992 | Dec 22 | 159 | 0 | Libyan Arab Airlines Flight 1103Libyan Air Force MiG-23 Flight Libyan Arab Airlines Flight 1103 Libyan Arab Airlines Flight 1103 was a Boeing 727 with 10 crew and 147 passengers on board that was involved in a mid-air collision on 22 December 1992. The aircraft was just under 18 years old at the time of the accident. On the day of the accident Flight 1103 took off from Benina International... |
Approach | Tripoli Tripoli Tripoli is the capital and largest city in Libya. It is also known as Western Tripoli , to distinguish it from Tripoli, Lebanon. It is affectionately called The Mermaid of the Mediterranean , describing its turquoise waters and its whitewashed buildings. Tripoli is a Greek name that means "Three... , Libya Libya Libya is an African country in the Maghreb region of North Africa bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, Egypt to the east, Sudan to the southeast, Chad and Niger to the south, and Algeria and Tunisia to the west.... |
| 1993 | Nov 26 | 4 | 0 | NZ Police Eagle NZ Police traffic patrol 1993 Auckland mid-air collision The 1993 Auckland mid-air collision was an aircraft accident in New Zealand. It occurred on 26 November 1993, when an Aérospatiale TwinStar helicopter and a Piper Archer airplane collided and crashed in central Auckland, killing all four occupants — both civilian pilots and two police officers... |
Low level | Auckland Auckland The Auckland metropolitan area , in the North Island of New Zealand, is the largest and most populous urban area in the country with residents, percent of the country's population. Auckland also has the largest Polynesian population of any city in the world... , New Zealand New Zealand New Zealand is an island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses and numerous smaller islands. The country is situated some east of Australia across the Tasman Sea, and roughly south of the Pacific island nations of New Caledonia, Fiji, and Tonga... |
| 1996 | Nov 12 | 349 | 0 | Saudi Airlines Flight 763 Kazakhstan Airlines Flight 1907 | Climb/descent | Charkhi Dadri Charkhi Dadri Charkhi Dadri is a town and a municipal committee in Bhiwani district in the state of Haryana, India. The town was made by joining the villages of Charkhi and Dadri after urban development.... , India |
| 1997 | Jun 25 | 0 | ? | Mir Progress M-34 | Orbit | Outer space Outer space Outer space is the void that exists between celestial bodies, including the Earth. It is not completely empty, but consists of a hard vacuum containing a low density of particles: predominantly a plasma of hydrogen and helium, as well as electromagnetic radiation, magnetic fields, and neutrinos.... |
| 2002 | Jul 1 | 71 | 0 | Bashkirian Airlines Flight 2937 DHL Flight 611 | Cruise | Überlingen Überlingen Überlingen is a city on the northern shore of Lake Constance . After the city of Friedrichshafen, it is the second largest city in the Bodenseekreis , and a central point for the outlying communities... , Germany |
| 2006 | Sep 29 | 154 | 7 | Gol Transportes Aéreos Flight 1907 ExcelAire flight Gol Transportes Aéreos Flight 1907 Gol Transportes Aéreos Flight 1907 was a Boeing 737-8EH, registration PR-GTD, on a scheduled passenger flight from Manaus, Brazil, to Rio de Janeiro. On 29 September 2006, just before 17:00 BRT, it collided in midair with an Embraer Legacy business jet over the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso... |
Cruise | Amazon Rainforest Amazon Rainforest The Amazon Rainforest , also known in English as Amazonia or the Amazon Jungle, is a moist broadleaf forest that covers most of the Amazon Basin of South America... , Brazil |
| 2007 | Jul 27 | 4 | 0 | KNXV-TV news helicopter KTVK news helicopter 2007 Phoenix news helicopter collision The 2007 Phoenix news helicopter collision occurred on July 27, 2007 at exactly 12:46:20 P.M. MST when two AS-350 AStar helicopters from KNXV-TV and KTVK news stations collided in mid-air above Steele Indian School Park in Phoenix, Arizona while covering a police pursuit... |
Low level | Phoenix, Arizona Phoenix, Arizona Phoenix is the capital, and largest city, of the U.S. state of Arizona, as well as the sixth most populated city in the United States. Phoenix is home to 1,445,632 people according to the official 2010 U.S. Census Bureau data... |
| 2009 | Feb 10 | 0 | 0 | Kosmos-2251 Iridium 33 2009 satellite collision The 2009 satellite collision was the first accidental hypervelocity collision between two intact artificial satellites in Earth orbit. The collision occurred at 16:56 UTC on February 10, 2009, at above the Taymyr Peninsula in Siberia, when Iridium 33 and Kosmos-2251 collided... |
Orbit | Outer space Outer space Outer space is the void that exists between celestial bodies, including the Earth. It is not completely empty, but consists of a hard vacuum containing a low density of particles: predominantly a plasma of hydrogen and helium, as well as electromagnetic radiation, magnetic fields, and neutrinos.... |
| 2009 | Aug 8 | 9 | 0 | Piper PA-32 Eurocopter AS350 Tour Helicopter 2009 Hudson River mid-air collision The 2009 Hudson River mid-air collision was a flight accident that occurred on August 8, 2009, at 11:56 a.m. , in which nine people died when a tour helicopter and a small private airplane collided over the Hudson River near Frank Sinatra Park in Hoboken, New Jersey.The aircraft were in... |
Low level | Hudson River, New York. Hudson River The Hudson is a river that flows from north to south through eastern New York. The highest official source is at Lake Tear of the Clouds, on the slopes of Mount Marcy in the Adirondack Mountains. The river itself officially begins in Henderson Lake in Newcomb, New York... |
List of notable military mid-air collisions
| Date | Fatalities | Survivors | Aircraft involved | Site | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1940 | Sep 29 | 0 | 4 | Two Avro Ansons of the RAAF 1940 Brocklesby mid-air collision On 29 September 1940, a mid-air collision occurred over Brocklesby, New South Wales, Australia. The accident was unusual in that the aircraft involved, two Avro Ansons of No. 2 Service Flying Training School RAAF, remained locked together after colliding, and then managed to land safely... |
Brocklesby, New South Wales Brocklesby, New South Wales Brocklesby is a small village situated north-west of Albury and west of Holbrook in Greater Hume Shire Council in the Riverina area of New South Wales. Nearby neighbours are Walbundrie to the north and Howlong to the south.-Historical significance:Brocklesby village was once a main railway... , Australia |
| 1952 | Apr 4 | 15 | 0 | USAF United States Air Force The United States Air Force is the aerial warfare service branch of the United States Armed Forces and one of the American uniformed services. Initially part of the United States Army, the USAF was formed as a separate branch of the military on September 18, 1947 under the National Security Act of... C-47 Skytrain C-47 Skytrain The Douglas C-47 Skytrain or Dakota is a military transport aircraft that was developed from the Douglas DC-3 airliner. It was used extensively by the Allies during World War II and remained in front line operations through the 1950s with a few remaining in operation to this day.-Design and... USAF C-124 Globemaster II C-124 Globemaster II The Douglas C-124 Globemaster II, nicknamed "Old Shakey", was a heavy-lift cargo aircraft built by the Douglas Aircraft Company in Long Beach, California.... |
Mobile, Alabama Mobile, Alabama Mobile is the third most populous city in the Southern US state of Alabama and is the county seat of Mobile County. It is located on the Mobile River and the central Gulf Coast of the United States. The population within the city limits was 195,111 during the 2010 census. It is the largest... , USA |
| 1953 | May 15 | 3 | 4 | Two USAF C-119 Flying Boxcar C-119 Flying Boxcar The Fairchild C-119 Flying Boxcar was an American military transport aircraft developed from the World War II-era Fairchild C-82 Packet, designed to carry cargo, personnel, litter patients, and mechanized equipment, and to drop cargo and troops by parachute... s USAF F-84 Thunderjet F-84 Thunderjet The Republic F-84 Thunderjet was an American turbojet fighter-bomber aircraft. Originating as a 1944 United States Army Air Forces proposal for a "day fighter", the F-84 flew in 1946... |
near Weinheim Weinheim Weinheim is a town in the north west of the state of Baden-Württemberg in Germany with 43 000 inhabitants, approximately 15 km north of Heidelberg and 10 km northeast of Mannheim. Together with these cities, it makes up the Rhine-Neckar triangle... , Germany Germany Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate... |
| 1953 | Jan 15 | 26 | 0 | RAF Vickers Valetta RAF Avro Lancaster 1953 Mediterranean Sea Lancaster and Valetta mid-air collision On the 15 January 1953 VX562 a twin-engined Vickers Valetta transport aircraft of the Royal Air Force collided over the Mediterranean Sea with a four-engined RAF Avro Lancaster maritime patrol aircraft. A total of 26 people were killed.-Accident:... |
Mediterranean Sea Mediterranean Sea The Mediterranean Sea is a sea connected to the Atlantic Ocean surrounded by the Mediterranean region and almost completely enclosed by land: on the north by Anatolia and Europe, on the south by North Africa, and on the east by the Levant... near Sicily Sicily Sicily is a region of Italy, and is the largest island in the Mediterranean Sea. Along with the surrounding minor islands, it constitutes an autonomous region of Italy, the Regione Autonoma Siciliana Sicily has a rich and unique culture, especially with regard to the arts, music, literature,... |
| 1955 | Aug 11 | 66 | 0 | Two USAF C-119 Flying Boxcar C-119 Flying Boxcar The Fairchild C-119 Flying Boxcar was an American military transport aircraft developed from the World War II-era Fairchild C-82 Packet, designed to carry cargo, personnel, litter patients, and mechanized equipment, and to drop cargo and troops by parachute... s |
near Stuttgart Stuttgart Stuttgart is the capital of the state of Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany. The sixth-largest city in Germany, Stuttgart has a population of 600,038 while the metropolitan area has a population of 5.3 million .... , Germany |
| 1958 | Feb 5 | 0 | 4 | USAF B-47 Stratojet USAF F-86 Sabre | Tybee Island, Georgia Tybee Island, Georgia Tybee Island is an island and city in Chatham County, Georgia near the city of Savannah in the southeastern United States. It is the easternmost point in the state of Georgia. As of the 2010 census, the city population was 2,990. Tybee Island is an island and city in Chatham County, Georgia near... |
| 1958 | Mar 27 | 18 | 0 | USAF C-119 Flying Boxcar C-119 Flying Boxcar The Fairchild C-119 Flying Boxcar was an American military transport aircraft developed from the World War II-era Fairchild C-82 Packet, designed to carry cargo, personnel, litter patients, and mechanized equipment, and to drop cargo and troops by parachute... USAF C-124 Globemaster II C-124 Globemaster II The Douglas C-124 Globemaster II, nicknamed "Old Shakey", was a heavy-lift cargo aircraft built by the Douglas Aircraft Company in Long Beach, California.... |
Bridgeport, Texas Bridgeport, Texas Bridgeport is a city in Wise County, Texas, United States. The population was 4,309 at the 2000 census.-Geography:According to the United States Census Bureau, Bridgeport has a total area of 3.7 square miles , of which, 3.7 square miles of it is land and 0.04 square miles of it is... , USA |
| 1965 | Jun 15 | 18 | 0 | Two U.S. Army UH-1D Iroquoises 1965 Fort Benning Mid-Air Helicopter Collision The 1965 Fort Benning Mid-Air Helicopter Collision was a helicopter collision over Fort Benning, Georgia that left eighteen people dead. It occurred on June 15, 1965 around 9:50 in the morning.-External links:*http://www.armyaircrews.com/huey.html... |
Fort Benning Fort Benning Fort Benning is a United States Army post located southeast of the city of Columbus in Muscogee and Chattahoochee counties in Georgia and Russell County, Alabama... , Georgia Georgia (U.S. state) Georgia is a state located in the southeastern United States. It was established in 1732, the last of the original Thirteen Colonies. The state is named after King George II of Great Britain. Georgia was the fourth state to ratify the United States Constitution, on January 2, 1788... , USA |
| 1966 | Jan 17 | 7 | 4 | USAF B-52G Stratofortress USAF KC-135 Stratotanker | Mediterranean Sea Mediterranean Sea The Mediterranean Sea is a sea connected to the Atlantic Ocean surrounded by the Mediterranean region and almost completely enclosed by land: on the north by Anatolia and Europe, on the south by North Africa, and on the east by the Levant... near Palomares, Almería Palomares, Almería Palomares is an agricultural, fishing and tourist village on the Mediterranean Sea in the Almería province of Andalusia, Spain. It is about 20 meters above sea level... |
| 1966 | Jun 8 | 2 | 1 | XB-70 Valkyrie prototype F-104 Starfighter | near Barstow, California Barstow, California Barstow is a city in San Bernardino County, California, United States. The population was 22,639 at the 2010 census, up from 21,119 at the 2000 census. Barstow is located north of San Bernardino.... , USA |
| 1983 | May 1 | 0 | 3 | Israeli Air Force F-15 Eagle A-4 Skyhawk | Negev Negev The Negev is a desert and semidesert region of southern Israel. The Arabs, including the native Bedouin population of the region, refer to the desert as al-Naqab. The origin of the word Neghebh is from the Hebrew root denoting 'dry'... , Israel |
| 1985 | Jul 5 | 1 | 0 | Two A-4F Skyhawk aircraft of the Blue Angels Blue Angels The United States Navy's Navy Flight Demonstration Squadron, popularly known as the Blue Angels, was formed in 1946 and is currently the oldest formal flying aerobatic team... |
Niagara Falls Niagara Falls The Niagara Falls, located on the Niagara River draining Lake Erie into Lake Ontario, is the collective name for the Horseshoe Falls and the adjacent American Falls along with the comparatively small Bridal Veil Falls, which combined form the highest flow rate of any waterfalls in the world and has... , USA |
| 1988 | Aug 28 | 75 | 0 | Three Aermacchi MB-339PAN aircraft Ramstein airshow disaster The Ramstein airshow disaster is the second-deadliest airshow incident . It took place in front of about 300,000 people on August 28 1988, in Ramstein, West Germany, near the city of Kaiserslautern at the US Ramstein Air Base airshow Flugtag '88.Aircraft of the Italian Air Force display team... of the Frecce Tricolori Frecce Tricolori The Frecce Tricolori , officially known as the 313° Gruppo Addestramento Acrobatico, is the aerobatic demonstration team of the Italian Aeronautica Militare, based at Rivolto Air Force Base, in the north-eastern Italian region of Friuli Venezia Giulia, province of Udine... |
Ramstein Air Base Ramstein Air Base Ramstein Air Base is a United States Air Force base in the German state of Rheinland-Pfalz. It serves as headquarters for the United States Air Forces in Europe and is also a North Atlantic Treaty Organization installation... , Germany |
| 1989 | Sep 3 | 1 | 1 | Two Canadair CT-114 Tutor Canadair CT-114 Tutor |-See also:-References:NotesBibliography* Dishlevoy, Roy W. "Hatching the Snowbirds: The Canadair CL-41/CT-114 Tutor, Its Early History Remembered." CAHS Journal, Vol, 45, No. 1, Spring 2007.... Snowbirds Snowbirds Officially known as the Royal Canadian Air Force's 431 Air Demonstration Squadron, the Snowbirds are Canada's military aerobatics or air show flight demonstration team whose purpose is to "demonstrate the skill, professionalism, and teamwork of Canadian Forces personnel". The squadron is based at... during the Canadian International Air Show Canadian International Air Show The Canadian International Air Show is an annual air show that has been held at the conclusion of the Canadian National Exhibition in Toronto since 1949... |
Toronto Toronto Toronto is the provincial capital of Ontario and the largest city in Canada. It is located in Southern Ontario on the northwestern shore of Lake Ontario. A relatively modern city, Toronto's history dates back to the late-18th century, when its land was first purchased by the British monarchy from... , Ontario Ontario Ontario is a province of Canada, located in east-central Canada. It is Canada's most populous province and second largest in total area. It is home to the nation's most populous city, Toronto, and the nation's capital, Ottawa.... , Canada Canada Canada is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and northward into the Arctic Ocean... |
| 1994 | Mar 23 | 24 | 7 | F-16 Fighting Falcon C-130 Hercules Green Ramp disaster The Green Ramp disaster was a 1994 mid-air collision and subsequent ground collision at Pope Air Force Base , North Carolina that killed twenty-four members of the U.S. Army's 82nd Airborne Division preparing for an airborne operation... |
Pope Air Force Base Pope Air Force Base Pope Field is a United States Army facility located 12 miles northwest of the central business district of Fayetteville, in Cumberland County, North Carolina, United States.-Units:... , North Carolina North Carolina North Carolina is a state located in the southeastern United States. The state borders South Carolina and Georgia to the south, Tennessee to the west and Virginia to the north. North Carolina contains 100 counties. Its capital is Raleigh, and its largest city is Charlotte... , USA United States The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district... |
| 1996 | June 12 | 18 | 10 | Two UH-60 Black Hawk helicopters of the Australian SAS | Townsville, Australia Australia Australia , officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area... |
| 1996 | June 19 | 6 | 8 | Two U.S. Army UH-60 Black Hawk helicopters | Fort Campbell Fort Campbell Fort Campbell is a United States Army installation located astraddle the Kentucky-Tennessee border between Hopkinsville, Kentucky, and Clarksville, Tennessee... , Kentucky Kentucky The Commonwealth of Kentucky is a state located in the East Central United States of America. As classified by the United States Census Bureau, Kentucky is a Southern state, more specifically in the East South Central region. Kentucky is one of four U.S. states constituted as a commonwealth... |
| 1997 | Feb 4 | 73 | 0 | Two IAF Sikorsky CH-53 helicopters 1997 Israeli helicopter disaster The 1997 Israeli helicopter disaster occurred on 4 February 1997. 73 IDF soldiers were killed when two Sikorsky CH-53 Sea Stallion Yas'ur 2000 helicopters, 357 and 903, collided over She'ar Yashuv in northern Israel. The helicopters were supposed to have crossed the border into Israel's "security... |
She'ar Yashuv She'ar Yashuv She'ar Yashuv is a workers' moshav in the Upper Galilee in the northeastern Hula Valley in northern Israel. It belongs to the Mevo'ot HaHermon Regional Council.... , Israel Israel The State of Israel is a parliamentary republic located in the Middle East, along the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea... |
| 1997 | Sep 13 | 33 | 0 | Luftwaffe Tu-154 USAF C-141 | Namibia Namibia Namibia, officially the Republic of Namibia , is a country in southern Africa whose western border is the Atlantic Ocean. It shares land borders with Angola and Zambia to the north, Botswana to the east and South Africa to the south and east. It gained independence from South Africa on 21 March... , Africa Africa Africa is the world's second largest and second most populous continent, after Asia. At about 30.2 million km² including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of the Earth's total surface area and 20.4% of the total land area... |
| 2001 | Apr 1 | 1 | 24 | USN Lockheed EP-3E PLAN Shenyang J-8II Hainan Island incident On April 1, 2001, a mid-air collision between a United States Navy EP-3E ARIES II signals intelligence aircraft and a People's Liberation Army Navy J-8II interceptor fighter jet resulted in an international dispute between the United States and the People's Republic of China called the Hainan... |
South China Sea South China Sea The South China Sea is a marginal sea that is part of the Pacific Ocean, encompassing an area from the Singapore and Malacca Straits to the Strait of Taiwan of around... near Hainan Island, PRC |
| 2002 | Nov 6 | 1 | 1 | Two MiG-29s of the Slovak Air Force Slovak Air Force The Slovak Air Force, known since 2002 as the Air Force of the Armed Forces of the Slovak Republic , is the aviation and air defense branch of the Slovak Armed Forces. Operating 70 aircraft from 3 major bases - Kuchyňa, Sliač, Prešov... |
near Spišská Nová Ves, Slovakia Slovakia The Slovak Republic is a landlocked state in Central Europe. It has a population of over five million and an area of about . Slovakia is bordered by the Czech Republic and Austria to the west, Poland to the north, Ukraine to the east and Hungary to the south... |
| 2007 | Sep 1 | 2 | 0 | Two Zlin Z-526Fs of the AZL Żelazny 2007 Radom Air Show crash The 2007 Radom Air Show crash occurred on 1 September 2007 at the Radom Air Show, near Radom in Poland. The tragedy occurred before about thirty thousand spectators who had gathered to watch aerobatics teams from 16 nations perform their programmes.... |
Near Radom Radom Radom is a city in central Poland with 223,397 inhabitants . It is located on the Mleczna River in the Masovian Voivodeship , having previously been the capital of Radom Voivodeship ; 100 km south of Poland's capital, Warsaw.It is home to the biennial Radom Air Show, the largest and... , Poland Poland Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north... |
| 2009 | Feb 11 | 4 | 0 | Two Grob Tutors of the RAF Porthcawl Mid-Air Collision The Porthcawl mid-air collision occurred just before 11 am on 11 February 2009 when two Royal Air Force single-engine propeller aircraft collided close to the town of Porthcawl in South Wales... |
Porthcawl Porthcawl Porthcawl is a town on the south coast of Wales in the county borough of Bridgend, 25 miles west of the capital city, Cardiff and 19 miles southeast of Swansea... , Wales Wales Wales is a country that is part of the United Kingdom and the island of Great Britain, bordered by England to its east and the Atlantic Ocean and Irish Sea to its west. It has a population of three million, and a total area of 20,779 km²... |
| 2009 | Aug 16 | 1 | 1 | Two Sukhoi Su-27s of the Russian Knights | Moscow Moscow Moscow is the capital, the most populous city, and the most populous federal subject of Russia. The city is a major political, economic, cultural, scientific, religious, financial, educational, and transportation centre of Russia and the continent... , Russia Russia Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects... |
| 2009 | Oct 30 | 9 | 0 | USCG C-130 USMC Cobra Helicopter 2009 California mid-air collision The 2009 California mid-air collision occurred on 29 October. It involved a Lockheed C-130H Hercules of the United States Coast Guard and a Bell AH-1W Super Cobra of the United States Marine Corps... |
Off the coast of California California California is a state located on the West Coast of the United States. It is by far the most populous U.S. state, and the third-largest by land area... , U.S.A |
See also
- Automatic dependent surveillance-broadcastAutomatic dependent surveillance-broadcastAutomatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast is a surveillance technology for tracking aircraft as part of the Next Generation Air Transportation System ...
(ADS-B) - Disruptive Solutions ProcessDisruptive Solutions ProcessThe Disruptive Solutions Process is a concept applied to the mishap prevention part of the combat operations process, often at tactical or operational level, primarily in Air National Guard applications. However, it has been used successfully in other government agencies and in the private sector...
- Near miss (safety)Near miss (safety)See Close Call, for the 2002 film.A near miss is an unplanned event that did not result in injury, illness, or damage – but had the potential to do so. Only a fortunate break in the chain of events prevented an injury, fatality or damage; in other words, a miss that was nonetheless very near...
- Portable Collision Avoidance SystemPortable Collision Avoidance SystemPortable Collision Avoidance System is an aircraft collision avoidance system similar in function to traffic collision avoidance system...
(PCAS) - Traffic collision avoidance systemTraffic Collision Avoidance SystemA traffic collision avoidance system or traffic alert and collision avoidance system is an aircraft collision avoidance system designed to reduce the incidence of mid-air collisions between aircraft...
(TCAS)
External links
- Analysis of Mid-Air Collisions, One of the most hazardous consequences of a loss of separation between aircraft, including as a result of a level bust, is a mid-air collision SKYbrarySKYbrarySKYbrary is a wiki created by the European Organisation for the Safety of Air Navigation, International Civil Aviation Organization, and the Flight Safety Foundation to create a comprehensive source of aviation safety information freely available online. It was launched in May 2008 on a platform...
- Indepth Backgrounder: Mid-air collision, CBCCanadian Broadcasting CorporationThe Canadian Broadcasting Corporation, commonly known as CBC and officially as CBC/Radio-Canada, is a Canadian crown corporation that serves as the national public radio and television broadcaster...
- SeeAndAvoid, DoD Civil-Military Midair Collision Prevention Portal
- Interactive Web Site Helps Pilots ‘See and Avoid’ Midair Collisions, DefenseLink Press Release
- Low Altitude Military Aircraft Deconfliction Webtool