Eulophia
Encyclopedia
The genus Eulophia, which also constitutes the monogeneric alliance Eulophia, includes 210 species of orchids. It was first described by John Lindley
in 1821. The name "Eulophia" was derived from the Greek words "eu" (well) and "lophos" (plume), referring to the crested ridges of the labellum
(lip) in most species. This genus is abbreviated Eupha in horticultural trade.
These are usually terrestrial or ground orchids, although some are epiphyte
s, and rarely, lithophyte
s. They are distributed in shady rainforests or in open scrub or woodland in the tropics and subtropics of Africa
, India
, Asia
, Queensland
(Australia), and the Americas
, although most are found in Africa. Many can survive the dry season through their large bulbous ‘corms’.
Some species, such as Eulophia petersii, have adapted to very arid environments and are among the few orchids to have truly evolved desert
living species. In the frost-free, semi-arid areas of Southern California, many Eulophia species, such as E. macra, E. petersii, E. plantaginea, and E. speciosa, can be grown outdoors year-round in well-drained pots with cactus/succulent potting mix (although E. speciosa prefers being grown in pure white sand), as long as they are given ample light through the winter and a drier winter resting period. Warmer growers, such as E. pulchra, E. keithii, and possibly even the extremely rare and difficult E. cucullata (the foxglove orchid), can probably be grown outdoors in the warmer areas of Florida and Hawaii, also.
The deciduous
or evergreen
leaves are usually pleated, with longitudinal veins. They are green and sheathed at the base. But in some species, the leaves may be reduced or have become brown scales. Some are leafless myco-heterotrophs.
The generally large, underground, fleshy rhizome
indicates a sympodial
growth habit, and this makes Eulophias fairly easy to divide and propagate, provided the grower is gentle.
The inflorescence
arises from the base. It grows into a raceme
. It is sometimes branched, as in the cases of E. macra and E. petersii. The inflorescences on the species with non-brancing spikes can support as many as 50 flowers; but in species with branching inflorescences, up to 150 blooms can occur per spike. While most Eulophia flowers rarely exceed 2" in width, this is often made up for by the sheer abundance of interesting blooms they produce. The sepals and the petals are alike. The lip
usually has three lobes. As for most orchids, there are two pollinia for each flower. Eulophias (in bloom) can reach a height of 1.6 m (6 ft.). In any case, the ease of cultivation and reliability of blooming that many Eulophia species and hybrids demonstrate in captivity, in addition to their unique growth habits, makes them generally excellent orchids for amateur orchid collectors and people who like to grow plants with interesting flowers.
John Lindley
John Lindley FRS was an English botanist, gardener and orchidologist.-Early years:Born in Catton, near Norwich, England, John Lindley was one of four children of George and Mary Lindley. George Lindley was a nurseryman and pomologist and ran a commercial nursery garden...
in 1821. The name "Eulophia" was derived from the Greek words "eu" (well) and "lophos" (plume), referring to the crested ridges of the labellum
Labellum
Labellum is the Latin diminutive of labium, meaning lip. These are anatomical terms used descriptively in biology, for example in Entomology and botany.-Botany:...
(lip) in most species. This genus is abbreviated Eupha in horticultural trade.
These are usually terrestrial or ground orchids, although some are epiphyte
Epiphyte
An epiphyte is a plant that grows upon another plant non-parasitically or sometimes upon some other object , derives its moisture and nutrients from the air and rain and sometimes from debris accumulating around it, and is found in the temperate zone and in the...
s, and rarely, lithophyte
Lithophyte
Lithophytes are a type of plant that grows in or on rocks. Lithophytes feed off moss, nutrients in rain water, litter, and even their own dead tissue....
s. They are distributed in shady rainforests or in open scrub or woodland in the tropics and subtropics of Africa
Africa
Africa is the world's second largest and second most populous continent, after Asia. At about 30.2 million km² including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of the Earth's total surface area and 20.4% of the total land area...
, India
India
India , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...
, Asia
Asia
Asia is the world's largest and most populous continent, located primarily in the eastern and northern hemispheres. It covers 8.7% of the Earth's total surface area and with approximately 3.879 billion people, it hosts 60% of the world's current human population...
, Queensland
Queensland
Queensland is a state of Australia, occupying the north-eastern section of the mainland continent. It is bordered by the Northern Territory, South Australia and New South Wales to the west, south-west and south respectively. To the east, Queensland is bordered by the Coral Sea and Pacific Ocean...
(Australia), and the Americas
Americas
The Americas, or America , are lands in the Western hemisphere, also known as the New World. In English, the plural form the Americas is often used to refer to the landmasses of North America and South America with their associated islands and regions, while the singular form America is primarily...
, although most are found in Africa. Many can survive the dry season through their large bulbous ‘corms’.
Some species, such as Eulophia petersii, have adapted to very arid environments and are among the few orchids to have truly evolved desert
Desert
A desert is a landscape or region that receives an extremely low amount of precipitation, less than enough to support growth of most plants. Most deserts have an average annual precipitation of less than...
living species. In the frost-free, semi-arid areas of Southern California, many Eulophia species, such as E. macra, E. petersii, E. plantaginea, and E. speciosa, can be grown outdoors year-round in well-drained pots with cactus/succulent potting mix (although E. speciosa prefers being grown in pure white sand), as long as they are given ample light through the winter and a drier winter resting period. Warmer growers, such as E. pulchra, E. keithii, and possibly even the extremely rare and difficult E. cucullata (the foxglove orchid), can probably be grown outdoors in the warmer areas of Florida and Hawaii, also.
The deciduous
Deciduous
Deciduous means "falling off at maturity" or "tending to fall off", and is typically used in reference to trees or shrubs that lose their leaves seasonally, and to the shedding of other plant structures such as petals after flowering or fruit when ripe...
or evergreen
Evergreen
In botany, an evergreen plant is a plant that has leaves in all seasons. This contrasts with deciduous plants, which completely lose their foliage during the winter or dry season.There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs...
leaves are usually pleated, with longitudinal veins. They are green and sheathed at the base. But in some species, the leaves may be reduced or have become brown scales. Some are leafless myco-heterotrophs.
The generally large, underground, fleshy rhizome
Rhizome
In botany and dendrology, a rhizome is a characteristically horizontal stem of a plant that is usually found underground, often sending out roots and shoots from its nodes...
indicates a sympodial
Sympodial
Sympodial means "with conjoined feet", and in biology is often used to refer to the outward morphology or mode of growth of organisms.-In botany:...
growth habit, and this makes Eulophias fairly easy to divide and propagate, provided the grower is gentle.
The inflorescence
Inflorescence
An inflorescence is a group or cluster of flowers arranged on a stem that is composed of a main branch or a complicated arrangement of branches. Strictly, it is the part of the shoot of seed plants where flowers are formed and which is accordingly modified...
arises from the base. It grows into a raceme
Raceme
A raceme is a type of inflorescence that is unbranched and indeterminate and bears pedicellate flowers — flowers having short floral stalks called pedicels — along the axis. In botany, axis means a shoot, in this case one bearing the flowers. In a raceme, the oldest flowers are borne...
. It is sometimes branched, as in the cases of E. macra and E. petersii. The inflorescences on the species with non-brancing spikes can support as many as 50 flowers; but in species with branching inflorescences, up to 150 blooms can occur per spike. While most Eulophia flowers rarely exceed 2" in width, this is often made up for by the sheer abundance of interesting blooms they produce. The sepals and the petals are alike. The lip
Labellum
Labellum is the Latin diminutive of labium, meaning lip. These are anatomical terms used descriptively in biology, for example in Entomology and botany.-Botany:...
usually has three lobes. As for most orchids, there are two pollinia for each flower. Eulophias (in bloom) can reach a height of 1.6 m (6 ft.). In any case, the ease of cultivation and reliability of blooming that many Eulophia species and hybrids demonstrate in captivity, in addition to their unique growth habits, makes them generally excellent orchids for amateur orchid collectors and people who like to grow plants with interesting flowers.
Species
- Eulophia abyssinica (Northeast tropical AfricaAfricaAfrica is the world's second largest and second most populous continent, after Asia. At about 30.2 million km² including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of the Earth's total surface area and 20.4% of the total land area...
) - Eulophia aculeata (southern Africa)
- Eulophia aculeata subsp. aculeata (southern Africa)
- Eulophia aculeata subsp. huttonii (southern Africa)
- Eulophia acutilabra (South CongoCongo BasinThe Congo Basin is the sedimentary basin that is the drainage of the Congo River of west equatorial Africa. The basin begins in the highlands of the East African Rift system with input from the Chambeshi River, the Uele and Ubangi Rivers in the upper reaches and the Lualaba River draining wetlands...
to southern tropical Africa) - Eulophia adenoglossa (tropical and southern Africa)
- Eulophia albobrunnea (EthiopiaEthiopiaEthiopia , officially known as the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, is a country located in the Horn of Africa. It is the second-most populous nation in Africa, with over 82 million inhabitants, and the tenth-largest by area, occupying 1,100,000 km2...
). - Eulophia aloifolia (AngolaAngolaAngola, officially the Republic of Angola , is a country in south-central Africa bordered by Namibia on the south, the Democratic Republic of the Congo on the north, and Zambia on the east; its west coast is on the Atlantic Ocean with Luanda as its capital city...
) - Eulophia altaEulophia altaEulophia alta is a species of orchid, known as the Wild Coco.-Synonyms:Limodorum altum L. is the basionym. Other synonyms include:*Bletia alta Hitchc.*Cypripedium epidendricum Vell.*Cyrtopera alta Stehlé...
- wild coco (tropical Africa, South FloridaFloridaFlorida is a state in the southeastern United States, located on the nation's Atlantic and Gulf coasts. It is bordered to the west by the Gulf of Mexico, to the north by Alabama and Georgia and to the east by the Atlantic Ocean. With a population of 18,801,310 as measured by the 2010 census, it...
, MexicoMexicoThe United Mexican States , commonly known as Mexico , is a federal constitutional republic in North America. It is bordered on the north by the United States; on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of...
to tropical AmericaAmericasThe Americas, or America , are lands in the Western hemisphere, also known as the New World. In English, the plural form the Americas is often used to refer to the landmasses of North America and South America with their associated islands and regions, while the singular form America is primarily...
)
- Eulophia alta var. alba (Central and West BrazilBrazilBrazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population with over 192 million people...
)
- Eulophia alta var. alba (Central and West Brazil
- Eulophia amblyosepala (UgandaUgandaUganda , officially the Republic of Uganda, is a landlocked country in East Africa. Uganda is also known as the "Pearl of Africa". It is bordered on the east by Kenya, on the north by South Sudan, on the west by the Democratic Republic of the Congo, on the southwest by Rwanda, and on the south by...
) - Eulophia andamanensisEulophia andamanensisEulophia andamanensis is an orchid endemic to the Andaman and Nicobar group of Islands .The genus Eulophia belongs to the subfamily Epidendroideae, tribe Cymbidieae, and subtribe Cyrtopodiinae...
(Indo-China to North SumatraSumatraSumatra is an island in western Indonesia, westernmost of the Sunda Islands. It is the largest island entirely in Indonesia , and the sixth largest island in the world at 473,481 km2 with a population of 50,365,538...
) - Eulophia angolensis - yellow swamp orchid (tropical and southern Africa)
- Eulophia angustilabris (ThailandThailandThailand , officially the Kingdom of Thailand , formerly known as Siam , is a country located at the centre of the Indochina peninsula and Southeast Asia. It is bordered to the north by Burma and Laos, to the east by Laos and Cambodia, to the south by the Gulf of Thailand and Malaysia, and to the...
) - Eulophia anjoanensis (ComorosComorosThe Comoros , officially the Union of the Comoros is an archipelago island nation in the Indian Ocean, located off the eastern coast of Africa, on the northern end of the Mozambique Channel, between northeastern Mozambique and northwestern Madagascar...
) - Eulophia antennisepala (Angola)
- Eulophia antunesii (Angola)
- Eulophia arenicola (South Congo to BotswanaBotswanaBotswana, officially the Republic of Botswana , is a landlocked country located in Southern Africa. The citizens are referred to as "Batswana" . Formerly the British protectorate of Bechuanaland, Botswana adopted its new name after becoming independent within the Commonwealth on 30 September 1966...
) - Eulophia aurantiaca (BurundiBurundiBurundi , officially the Republic of Burundi , is a landlocked country in the Great Lakes region of Eastern Africa bordered by Rwanda to the north, Tanzania to the east and south, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the west. Its capital is Bujumbura...
to ZambiaZambiaZambia , officially the Republic of Zambia, is a landlocked country in Southern Africa. The neighbouring countries are the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the north, Tanzania to the north-east, Malawi to the east, Mozambique, Zimbabwe, Botswana and Namibia to the south, and Angola to the west....
)- now synonym of Eulophia welwitschii Rolfe subsp. aurantiaca (Rolfe) - Eulophia barteri (West tropical Africa to Central African RepublicCentral African RepublicThe Central African Republic , is a landlocked country in Central Africa. It borders Chad in the north, Sudan in the north east, South Sudan in the east, the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Republic of the Congo in the south, and Cameroon in the west. The CAR covers a land area of about ,...
). - Eulophia beravensis (MadagascarMadagascarThe Republic of Madagascar is an island country located in the Indian Ocean off the southeastern coast of Africa...
) - Eulophia bicallosa (TaiwanTaiwanTaiwan , also known, especially in the past, as Formosa , is the largest island of the same-named island group of East Asia in the western Pacific Ocean and located off the southeastern coast of mainland China. The island forms over 99% of the current territory of the Republic of China following...
, tropical AsiaAsiaAsia is the world's largest and most populous continent, located primarily in the eastern and northern hemispheres. It covers 8.7% of the Earth's total surface area and with approximately 3.879 billion people, it hosts 60% of the world's current human population...
to North AustraliaAustraliaAustralia , officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area...
) - Eulophia biloba (MozambiqueMozambiqueMozambique, officially the Republic of Mozambique , is a country in southeastern Africa bordered by the Indian Ocean to the east, Tanzania to the north, Malawi and Zambia to the northwest, Zimbabwe to the west and Swaziland and South Africa to the southwest...
) - Eulophia bisaccata (Mozambique ?)
- Eulophia borbonica (RéunionRéunionRéunion is a French island with a population of about 800,000 located in the Indian Ocean, east of Madagascar, about south west of Mauritius, the nearest island.Administratively, Réunion is one of the overseas departments of France...
) - Eulophia borneensis (BorneoBorneoBorneo is the third largest island in the world and is located north of Java Island, Indonesia, at the geographic centre of Maritime Southeast Asia....
, SarawakSarawakSarawak is one of two Malaysian states on the island of Borneo. Known as Bumi Kenyalang , Sarawak is situated on the north-west of the island. It is the largest state in Malaysia followed by Sabah, the second largest state located to the North- East.The administrative capital is Kuching, which...
) - Eulophia bouliawongo (NigeriaNigeriaNigeria , officially the Federal Republic of Nigeria, is a federal constitutional republic comprising 36 states and its Federal Capital Territory, Abuja. The country is located in West Africa and shares land borders with the Republic of Benin in the west, Chad and Cameroon in the east, and Niger in...
to Angola) - Eulophia bracteosa (AssamAssamAssam , also, rarely, Assam Valley and formerly the Assam Province , is a northeastern state of India and is one of the most culturally and geographically distinct regions of the country...
to South Central ChinaChinaChinese civilization may refer to:* China for more general discussion of the country.* Chinese culture* Greater China, the transnational community of ethnic Chinese.* History of China* Sinosphere, the area historically affected by Chinese culture...
) - Eulophia brenanii (South Congo to North Zambia)
- Eulophia buettneri (West tropical Africa to CameroonCameroonCameroon, officially the Republic of Cameroon , is a country in west Central Africa. It is bordered by Nigeria to the west; Chad to the northeast; the Central African Republic to the east; and Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, and the Republic of the Congo to the south. Cameroon's coastline lies on the...
) - Eulophia burmanica (MyanmarMyanmarBurma , officially the Republic of the Union of Myanmar , is a country in Southeast Asia. Burma is bordered by China on the northeast, Laos on the east, Thailand on the southeast, Bangladesh on the west, India on the northwest, the Bay of Bengal to the southwest, and the Andaman Sea on the south....
)
- Eulophia calantha (GuineaGuineaGuinea , officially the Republic of Guinea , is a country in West Africa. Formerly known as French Guinea , it is today sometimes called Guinea-Conakry to distinguish it from its neighbour Guinea-Bissau. Guinea is divided into eight administrative regions and subdivided into thirty-three prefectures...
, Central African Republic to Uganda and southern tropical Africa) - Eulophia calanthoides (southern Africa)
- Eulophia callichroma (TanzaniaTanzaniaThe United Republic of Tanzania is a country in East Africa bordered by Kenya and Uganda to the north, Rwanda, Burundi, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the west, and Zambia, Malawi, and Mozambique to the south. The country's eastern borders lie on the Indian Ocean.Tanzania is a state...
to SwazilandSwazilandSwaziland, officially the Kingdom of Swaziland , and sometimes called Ngwane or Swatini, is a landlocked country in Southern Africa, bordered to the north, south and west by South Africa, and to the east by Mozambique...
) - Eulophia campanulata (UttarakhandUttarakhandUttarakhand , formerly Uttaranchal, is a state in the northern part of India. It is often referred to as the Land of Gods due to the many holy Hindu temples and cities found throughout the state, some of which are among Hinduism's most spiritual and auspicious places of pilgrimage and worship...
,Western Himalaya) - Eulophia campbellii (East IndiaIndiaIndia , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...
) - Eulophia caricifolia (tropical Africa)
- Eulophia carsonii (Tanzania to Zambia)
- Eulophia chaunanthe (Thailand)
- Eulophia chilangensis (South Congo to Angola)
- Eulophia chlorantha (Southeast MpumalangaMpumalangaMpumalanga , is a province of South Africa. The name means east or literally "the place where the sun rises" in Swazi, Xhosa, Ndebele and Zulu. Mpumalanga lies in eastern South Africa, north of KwaZulu-Natal and bordering Swaziland and Mozambique. It constitutes 6.5% of South Africa's land area...
to Northwest Swaziland, South AfricaSouth AfricaThe Republic of South Africa is a country in southern Africa. Located at the southern tip of Africa, it is divided into nine provinces, with of coastline on the Atlantic and Indian oceans...
) - Eulophia chrysoglossoides (North Borneo)
- Eulophia clandestina (Angola)
- Eulophia clavicornis (Ethiopia to southern Africa, Madagascar, Southwest Arabian Pen)
- Eulophia clavicornis var. clavicornis (ZimbabweZimbabweZimbabwe is a landlocked country located in the southern part of the African continent, between the Zambezi and Limpopo rivers. It is bordered by South Africa to the south, Botswana to the southwest, Zambia and a tip of Namibia to the northwest and Mozambique to the east. Zimbabwe has three...
to southern Africa) - Eulophia clavicornis var. inaequalis (Zimbabwe to southern Africa)
- Eulophia clavicornis var. nutans (Ethiopia to southern Africa, Madagascar, Southwest Arabian Pen)
- Eulophia clavicornis var. clavicornis (Zimbabwe
- Eulophia clitellifera (tropical and southern Africa, Madagascar)
- Eulophia coccifera (Réunion)
- Eulophia coddiiEulophia coddiiEulophia coddii is a species of plant in the Orchidaceae family. It is endemic to South Africa. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry shrubland and subtropical or tropical dry lowland grassland. It is threatened by habitat loss.-Source:...
(Northern Prov. of South Africa) - Eulophia coeloglossa (Tanzania to southern Africa)
- Eulophia cooperi (southern Africa)
- Eulophia corymbosa (Angola)
- Eulophia cristata (West tropical Africa to Ethiopia)
- Eulophia cucullata (tropical and southern Africa, Madagascar)
- Eulophia dabia (AfghanistanAfghanistanAfghanistan , officially the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, is a landlocked country located in the centre of Asia, forming South Asia, Central Asia and the Middle East. With a population of about 29 million, it has an area of , making it the 42nd most populous and 41st largest nation in the world...
to South China) - Eulophia dactylifera (southern tropical Africa)
- Eulophia dahliana (New GuineaNew GuineaNew Guinea is the world's second largest island, after Greenland, covering a land area of 786,000 km2. Located in the southwest Pacific Ocean, it lies geographically to the east of the Malay Archipelago, with which it is sometimes included as part of a greater Indo-Australian Archipelago...
to Bismarck Islands) - Eulophia decaryana (Madagascar) (homotypic synonym of Oeceoclades decaryanaOeceoclades decaryanaOeceoclades decaryana is an orchid species of the genus Oeceoclades. Until recent years known only from Madagascar, it is now recognized to be widespread throughout southern and southeastern Africa....
(H.Perrier) Garay & P.Taylor, 1976 ) - Eulophia densiflora (East Himalaya)
- Eulophia dentata (LuzonLuzonLuzon is the largest island in the Philippines. It is located in the northernmost region of the archipelago, and is also the name for one of the three primary island groups in the country centered on the Island of Luzon...
) - Eulophia distans (Sierra LeoneSierra LeoneSierra Leone , officially the Republic of Sierra Leone, is a country in West Africa. It is bordered by Guinea to the north and east, Liberia to the southeast, and the Atlantic Ocean to the west and southwest. Sierra Leone covers a total area of and has an estimated population between 5.4 and 6.4...
) - Eulophia divergens (Angola)
- Eulophia dufossei (Indo-China)
- Eulophia ecristata - smooth-lipped eulophia (Southwest U.S.A. to CubaCubaThe Republic of Cuba is an island nation in the Caribbean. The nation of Cuba consists of the main island of Cuba, the Isla de la Juventud, and several archipelagos. Havana is the largest city in Cuba and the country's capital. Santiago de Cuba is the second largest city...
) - Eulophia elegans (Cameroon, Southwest Tanzania to MalawiMalawiThe Republic of Malawi is a landlocked country in southeast Africa that was formerly known as Nyasaland. It is bordered by Zambia to the northwest, Tanzania to the northeast, and Mozambique on the east, south and west. The country is separated from Tanzania and Mozambique by Lake Malawi. Its size...
) - Eulophia emilianae (Southwest IndiaIndiaIndia , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...
) - Eulophia ensataEulophia ensataEulophia ensata is a species of orchid, occurring from Mozambique to South Africa....
(MozambiqueMozambiqueMozambique, officially the Republic of Mozambique , is a country in southeastern Africa bordered by the Indian Ocean to the east, Tanzania to the north, Malawi and Zambia to the northwest, Zimbabwe to the west and Swaziland and South Africa to the southwest...
to southern Africa) - Eulophia ephippium (Madagascar)
- Eulophia epidendraea (India, Sri LankaSri LankaSri Lanka, officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka is a country off the southern coast of the Indian subcontinent. Known until 1972 as Ceylon , Sri Lanka is an island surrounded by the Indian Ocean, the Gulf of Mannar and the Palk Strait, and lies in the vicinity of India and the...
) - Eulophia epiphanoides (Southwest Tanzania)
- Eulophia epiphytica P.J.Cribb, Du Puy & Bosser - now a synonym of Paralophia epiphytica (P.J.Cribb, Du Puy & Bosser) P.J.Cribb 2005
- Eulophia euantha (Tanzania to southern tropical Africa)
- Eulophia euglossaEulophia euglossaEulophia euglossa is a species of orchid, occurring from Western Tropical Africa to Western Ethiopia and Angola....
(West tropical Africa to Ethiopia) - Eulophia eustachya (Ethiopia to Zimbabwe)
- Eulophia exaltata (East Java to Lesser Sunda IslandsLesser Sunda IslandsThe Lesser Sunda Islands or Nusa Tenggara are a group of islands in the southern Maritime Southeast Asia, north of Australia. Together with the Greater Sunda Islands to the west they make up the Sunda Islands...
) - Eulophia explanata (Himalaya to India).
- Eulophia eylesii (RwandaRwandaRwanda or , officially the Republic of Rwanda , is a country in central and eastern Africa with a population of approximately 11.4 million . Rwanda is located a few degrees south of the Equator, and is bordered by Uganda, Tanzania, Burundi and the Democratic Republic of the Congo...
to southern tropical Africa)- Eulophia eylesii var. auquieriana (Rwanda to Congo)
- Eulophia eylesii var. eylesii (South Congo to southern tropical Africa)
- Eulophia falcatiloba (Central African Republic)
- Eulophia fernandeziana (South Congo)
- Eulophia filifolia (Madagascar)
- Eulophia flava (Himalaya to Indo-China)
- Eulophia flavopurpurea (tropical Africa)
- Eulophia foliosa (Zimbabwe to southern Africa)
- Eulophia fridericii (Tanzania to Northern Prov. of S. Africa)
- Eulophia galeoloides (tropical Africa)
- Eulophia gastrodioides (southern tropical Africa)
- Eulophia gonychila (Tanzania to S. Trop. Africa)
- Eulophia gracilisEulophia gracilisEulophia gracilis is a species of orchid, occurring from Western Tropical Africa to Angola.-Synonyms:*Galeandra gracilis Lindl.*Graphorkis gracilis Kuntze*Limodorum ciliatum Schumach.*Galeandra extinctoria Lindl....
(West tropical Africa to Angola) - Eulophia graminea (tropical and subtropical Asia to Marianas, GuamGuamGuam is an organized, unincorporated territory of the United States located in the western Pacific Ocean. It is one of five U.S. territories with an established civilian government. Guam is listed as one of 16 Non-Self-Governing Territories by the Special Committee on Decolonization of the United...
). - Eulophia grandidieri (Madagascar)
- Eulophia guineensisEulophia guineensisEulophia guineensis is a species of orchid. It is the type species of the genus Eulophia. It is found in the Cape Verde islands, tropical Africa and the Arabian Peninsula....
(Cape VerdeCape VerdeThe Republic of Cape Verde is an island country, spanning an archipelago of 10 islands located in the central Atlantic Ocean, 570 kilometres off the coast of Western Africa...
, tropical Africa, Arabian PeninsulaArabian PeninsulaThe Arabian Peninsula is a land mass situated north-east of Africa. Also known as Arabia or the Arabian subcontinent, it is the world's largest peninsula and covers 3,237,500 km2...
)- Eulophia guineensis var. tisserantii (Central African Republic)
- Eulophia guineensis var. tisserantii (Central African Republic)
- Eulophia herbacea (Himalaya to Indo-China)
- Eulophia hereroensis (southern tropical and southern Africa)
- Eulophia hirschbergii (South Congo to Zambia)
- Eulophia hologlossa (East Madagascar)
- Eulophia holubii (South Congo to North Botswana)
- Eulophia horsfallii - purple swamp orchid (tropical and southern Africa)
- Eulophia ibityensis (Southeast Madagascar)
- Eulophia javanica (Western and Central Java)
- Eulophia juncifolia (West tropical Africa to ChadChadChad , officially known as the Republic of Chad, is a landlocked country in Central Africa. It is bordered by Libya to the north, Sudan to the east, the Central African Republic to the south, Cameroon and Nigeria to the southwest, and Niger to the west...
) - Eulophia kamarupa (Assam)
- Eulophia katangensis (Tanzania to southern tropical Africa)
- Eulophia kyimbilae (Ethiopia to Botswana)
- Eulophia lachnocheila (Myanmar)
- Eulophia latilabris (Nigeria to SudanSudanSudan , officially the Republic of the Sudan , is a country in North Africa, sometimes considered part of the Middle East politically. It is bordered by Egypt to the north, the Red Sea to the northeast, Eritrea and Ethiopia to the east, South Sudan to the south, the Central African Republic to the...
and Botswana) - Eulophia laurentii (Congo)
- Eulophia leachii (southern tropical and southern Africa)
- Eulophia lejolyana (South Congo)
- Eulophia leonensis (West tropical Africa to Uganda)
- Eulophia leontoglossa (southern Africa)
- Eulophia litoralis (Southwest and South Cape Prov. of South Africa)
- Eulophia livingstoneana (Ghana, Ethiopia to southern Africa, Comoros, Madagascar)
- Eulophia longisepala (BurundiBurundiBurundi , officially the Republic of Burundi , is a landlocked country in the Great Lakes region of Eastern Africa bordered by Rwanda to the north, Tanzania to the east and south, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the west. Its capital is Bujumbura...
to southern tropical Africa, KwaZulu-NatalKwaZulu-NatalKwaZulu-Natal is a province of South Africa. Prior to 1994, the territory now known as KwaZulu-Natal was made up of the province of Natal and the homeland of KwaZulu....
) - Eulophia macaulayi (Angola to Zambia)
- Eulophia mackinnonii (East Himalaya)
- Eulophia macowanii (East Cape Prov. to KwaZulu-Natal)
- Eulophia macra (Southeast and South Madagascar)
- Eulophia macrantha (southern tropical Africa)
- Eulophia macrobulbon (Indo-China)
- Eulophia magnicristata (Central African Republic)
- Eulophia malangana (Tanzania to southern tropical Africa)
- Eulophia mangenotiana (North Madagascar)
- Eulophia mannii (SikkimSikkimSikkim is a landlocked Indian state nestled in the Himalayan mountains...
to Assam) - Eulophia massokoensis (Tanzania to Zambia)
- Eulophia mechowiiEulophia mechowiiEulophia mechowii is a species of orchid. It occurs from Nigeria to Western Ethiopia and South Africa.- Synonyms :* Orthochilus mechowii Rchb.f.1882 is a homotypic synonymThe following are heterotypic synonyms :...
(Nigeria to Western Ethiopia and South Africa). - Eulophia meleagrisEulophia meleagrisEulophia meleagris is an orchid species in the genus Eulophia found in East Cape Province to KwaZulu-Natal in South africa....
(East Cape Prov. to KwaZulu-Natal) - Eulophia merrillii (MindanaoMindanaoMindanao is the second largest and easternmost island in the Philippines. It is also the name of one of the three island groups in the country, which consists of the island of Mindanao and smaller surrounding islands. The other two are Luzon and the Visayas. The island of Mindanao is called The...
) - Eulophia milnei (tropical and southern Africa)
- Eulophia monantha (YunnanYunnanYunnan is a province of the People's Republic of China, located in the far southwest of the country spanning approximately and with a population of 45.7 million . The capital of the province is Kunming. The province borders Burma, Laos, and Vietnam.Yunnan is situated in a mountainous area, with...
) - Eulophia monile (tropical Africa)
- Eulophia monotropis (Tanzania to Zimbabwe)
- Eulophia monticola (southern tropical Africa)
- Eulophia montis-elgonis (South Sudan to Tanzania)
- Eulophia moratii (Île des Pins of New CaledoniaNew CaledoniaNew Caledonia is a special collectivity of France located in the southwest Pacific Ocean, east of Australia and about from Metropolitan France. The archipelago, part of the Melanesia subregion, includes the main island of Grande Terre, the Loyalty Islands, the Belep archipelago, the Isle of...
) - Eulophia mumbwaensis (West Tanzania to southern tropical Africa)
- Eulophia nervosa (Central Madagascar)
- Eulophia nicobarica (Nicobar IslandsNicobar IslandsThe Nicobar Islands are an archipelagic island chain in the eastern Indian Ocean...
) - Eulophia norlindhii (Central African Republic to Tanzania and southern tropical Africa)
- Eulophia nuttii (Tanzania to Zambia)
- Eulophia nyasae (Tanzania to southern tropical Africa)
- Eulophia obscura (Burundi to southern tropical Africa)
- Eulophia obstipa (Tanzania to Angola)
- Eulophia obtusa (North India)
- Eulophia ochreata (India)
- Eulophia ochyrae (Central African Republic)
- Eulophia odontoglossa (tropical and southern Africa)
- Eulophia orthoplectra (tropical Africa)
- Eulophia ovalis (KenyaKenyaKenya , officially known as the Republic of Kenya, is a country in East Africa that lies on the equator, with the Indian Ocean to its south-east...
to southern Africa)- Eulophia ovalis var. bainesii (Kenya to southern Africa)
- Eulophia ovalis var. ovalis (Zimbabwe to southern Africa)
- Eulophia palmicola H. Perrier (Southwest Madagascar) - now a synonym of Paralophia palmicola (H.Perrier) P.J.Cribb 2005
- Eulophia parilamellata (Congo)
- Eulophia parviflora (southern tropical and South Africa)
- Eulophia parvilabris (southern Africa)
- Eulophia parvula (Nigeria to Sudan and Zimbabwe)
- Eulophia pauciflora (Indo-China)
- Eulophia pelorica D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem (Queensland, Australia)
- Eulophia penduliflora (tropical Africa)
- Eulophia perrieri (Northwest Madagascar)
- Eulophia petersiiEulophia petersiiEulophia petersii is a species of flowering plant in the Orchidaceae family. It is found in arid environments in the Northern Frontier Province, Kenya, the eastern coast of Africa and the former Transvaal region of South Africa. Eulophia petersii is an unusual member of the orchid family in that it...
(EritreaEritreaEritrea , officially the State of Eritrea, is a country in the Horn of Africa. Eritrea derives it's name from the Greek word Erethria, meaning 'red land'. The capital is Asmara. It is bordered by Sudan in the west, Ethiopia in the south, and Djibouti in the southeast...
to southern Africa, Arabian Peninsula) - Eulophia pileata (Central Madagascar)
- Eulophia plantaginea (MauritiusMauritiusMauritius , officially the Republic of Mauritius is an island nation off the southeast coast of the African continent in the southwest Indian Ocean, about east of Madagascar...
, Madagascar, Réunion) - Eulophia platypetala (South Cape Prov. of S. Africa)
- Eulophia promensis (Darjiling to Indo-China)
- Eulophia protearum (Angola)
- Eulophia pulchraEulophia pulchraEulophia pulchra is a species of orchid. It is found in a wide range from Tanzania to Mozambique and in the Western Pacific.-Synonyms:Limodorum pulchrum Thouars is the basionym. Other synonyms include:*Eulophia macrostachya Lindl...
(Tanzania to Mozambique and West Pacific) - Eulophia pyrophila (tropical Africa)
- Eulophia ramentacea (Southwest India)
- Eulophia ramifera (West tropical Africa)
- Eulophia ramosa (West Madagascar)
- Eulophia rara (Tanzania to southern tropical Africa)
- Eulophia regnieri (VietnamVietnamVietnam – sometimes spelled Viet Nam , officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam – is the easternmost country on the Indochina Peninsula in Southeast Asia. It is bordered by China to the north, Laos to the northwest, Cambodia to the southwest, and the South China Sea –...
) - Eulophia reticulata (Madagascar)
- Eulophia rhodesiaca (Tanzania to southern tropical Africa)
- Eulophia richardsiae (North Zambia)
- Eulophia rolfeana (South Congo to southern tropical Africa)
- Eulophia rugulosa (Tanzania to Angola)
- Eulophia rutenbergiana (Central and Southeast Madagascar)
- Eulophia ruwenzoriensis (East tropical Africa to Zambia, BrazilBrazilBrazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population with over 192 million people...
to Northeast ArgentinaArgentinaArgentina , officially the Argentine Republic , is the second largest country in South America by land area, after Brazil. It is constituted as a federation of 23 provinces and an autonomous city, Buenos Aires...
) - Eulophia sabulosa (Tanzania to southern tropical Africa)
- Eulophia saxicola (Zambia to Zimbabwe)
- Eulophia schaijesii (South Congo)
- Eulophia schweinfurthii (Ethiopia to Northern Prov. of South Africa)
- Eulophia seleensis (Burundi to southern tropical Africa)
- Eulophia serrata (Southeast Kenya)
- Eulophia siamensis (Thailand)
- Eulophia sooi (GuangxiGuangxiGuangxi, formerly romanized Kwangsi, is a province of southern China along its border with Vietnam. In 1958, it became the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China, a region with special privileges created specifically for the Zhuang people.Guangxi's location, in...
) - Eulophia sordida (West tropical Africa to Cameroon)
- Eulophia speciosaEulophia speciosaEulophia speciosa is a species of terrestrial orchid found from Ethiopia to South Africa and in Yemen and Saudi Arabia. The plants usually grow in grasslands in sandy soils or in clay.-Description:...
(Ethiopia to South Africa, Southwest Arabian Peninsula) - Eulophia spectabilis - Grass Orchid (South China, tropical Asia to West Pacific)
- Eulophia stachyodes (Nigeria to Ethiopia and Mozambique)
- Eulophia stenopetala (Central BhutanBhutanBhutan , officially the Kingdom of Bhutan, is a landlocked state in South Asia, located at the eastern end of the Himalayas and bordered to the south, east and west by the Republic of India and to the north by the People's Republic of China...
) - Eulophia stenoplectra (GhanaGhanaGhana , officially the Republic of Ghana, is a country located in West Africa. It is bordered by Côte d'Ivoire to the west, Burkina Faso to the north, Togo to the east, and the Gulf of Guinea to the south...
, South Sudan, Uganda) - Eulophia streptopetalaEulophia streptopetalaEulophia streptopetala is a species of orchid. It occurs from Eritrea to South Africa and also in Yemen....
(Eritrea to South Africa, Southwest Arabian Peninsula)- Eulophia streptopetala var. rueppelii (Ethiopia, YemenYemenThe Republic of Yemen , commonly known as Yemen , is a country located in the Middle East, occupying the southwestern to southern end of the Arabian Peninsula. It is bordered by Saudi Arabia to the north, the Red Sea to the west, and Oman to the east....
) - Eulophia streptopetala var. stenophylla (East tropical Africa)
- Eulophia streptopetala var. streptopetala (Eritrea to southern Africa)
- Eulophia streptopetala var. rueppelii (Ethiopia, Yemen
- Eulophia stricta (Philippines to SulawesiSulawesiSulawesi is one of the four larger Sunda Islands of Indonesia and is situated between Borneo and the Maluku Islands. In Indonesia, only Sumatra, Borneo, and Papua are larger in territory, and only Java and Sumatra have larger Indonesian populations.- Etymology :The Portuguese were the first to...
) - Eulophia subsaprophytica (Tanzania to southern tropical Africa)
- Eulophia subulata (East Congo to East tropical Africa)
- Eulophia suzannae (Congo)
- Eulophia sylviae (South Congo)
- Eulophia tabularis (Cape Prov. of South Africa)
- Eulophia taitensis (East tropical Africa)
- Eulophia taiwanensisEulophia taiwanensisEulophia taiwanensis is a species of plant in the Orchidaceae family. It is endemic to Taiwan and the Philippines.- Synonyms :The following are heterotypic synonyms :*Eulophia taiwanensis Hayata,1911 *Eulophia kitamurae Masam.1932...
(Southeast TaiwanTaiwanTaiwan , also known, especially in the past, as Formosa , is the largest island of the same-named island group of East Asia in the western Pacific Ocean and located off the southeastern coast of mainland China. The island forms over 99% of the current territory of the Republic of China following...
) - Eulophia tanganyikensis (Burundi to Zimbabwe)
- Eulophia tenella (southern tropical and South Africa)
- Eulophia thollonii (Congo, Gabon, Cameroon)
- Eulophia thomsonii (Tanzania to Zambia)
- Eulophia tisserantii (Central African Republic)
- Eulophia toyoshimae (Ogasawara-shoto)
- Eulophia tricristata (South Congo to Angola)
- Eulophia trilamellata (Tanzania to southern tropical Africa)
- Eulophia tuberculata (Tanzania to southern Africa)
- Eulophia ukingensis (Tanzania)
- Eulophia vanoverberghii (Luzon)
- Eulophia venosa (MalukuMaluku IslandsThe Maluku Islands are an archipelago that is part of Indonesia, and part of the larger Maritime Southeast Asia region. Tectonically they are located on the Halmahera Plate within the Molucca Sea Collision Zone...
to QueenslandQueenslandQueensland is a state of Australia, occupying the north-eastern section of the mainland continent. It is bordered by the Northern Territory, South Australia and New South Wales to the west, south-west and south respectively. To the east, Queensland is bordered by the Coral Sea and Pacific Ocean...
) - Eulophia venulosa (Tanzania to southern tropical Africa)
- Eulophia venusta (GuizhouGuizhou' is a province of the People's Republic of China located in the southwestern part of the country. Its provincial capital city is Guiyang.- History :...
) - Eulophia versicolor (Réunion)
- Eulophia walleri Rolfe (Tanzania to NamibiaNamibiaNamibia, officially the Republic of Namibia , is a country in southern Africa whose western border is the Atlantic Ocean. It shares land borders with Angola and Zambia to the north, Botswana to the east and South Africa to the south and east. It gained independence from South Africa on 21 March...
)- Eulophia welwitschii subsp. aurantiaca (Rolfe)
- Eulophia welwitschii (Congo to South Africa)
- Eulophia wendlandiana (Madagascar)
- Eulophia yunnanensis (South China to Vietnam)
- Eulophia zeyheri (Nigeria to Sudan and South Africa)
- Eulophia zeyheriana (South Africa)
- Eulophia zollingeri (tropical and subtropical Asia to Queensland)
Hybrids
- Eulophia × burundiensis ( = E. cucullata × E. flavopurpurea) (Burundi)..
- Eulophia × pholelana ( = E. ovalis var. bainesii × E. zeyheriana) (S. Africa)