Alba, Italy
Encyclopedia
Alba is a town and comune
of Piedmont
, Italy
, in the province of Cuneo
. It is considered the capital of the hilly area of Langhe
, and is famous for its white truffle, peach
and wine
production. The confectionery
group Ferrero
is based in Alba.
tribes in the area.
The town is on the site of the ancient Alba Pompeia, probably founded by the Roman consul
Gnaeus Pompeius Strabo
while constructing a road from Aquae Statiellae
(Acqui
) to Augusta Taurinorum
(Turin
). Alba was the birthplace of Publius Helvius Pertinax
, one of the shortest reigning Roman emperors.
After the fall of the Western Empire
, the city was repeatedly sacked by Burgundians
, Lombards
and Franks
. In the 11th century it become a free commune
(or city-state
) and was a member of the Lombard League
. Montferrat
and the Visconti
fought over the town; later it became a possession of the House of Gonzaga
. Charles Emmanuel I of Savoy
conquered it twice, while later France
and Spain
battled for its possession. The Treaty of Cherasco
assigned Alba definitively to Savoy
.
Alba won a Gold Medal for Military Valour for the heroic activity of its citizens in the Italian resistance movement
during the course of World War II
. In October 1944 the town was liberated by partisans who established a Republic of Alba
which for a few weeks was able to maintain its independence from the Fascist Republic of Salò
.
and remains of some edifices with marble and mosaics can still be seen.
Other attractions include:
The city museums include the F. Eusebio Municipal Museum of Archaeology and Natural Science
.
The wines of Alba are among the most renowned in Italy and are divided into:
The city has a thriving economy, being able to count the confectionery industry, world-renowned, Ferrero
, a publishing house such as the Società San Paolo and on the estimated textile industry Miroglio
.
In the town houses the largest Cooperative Credit Bank of Italy, by number of partners, the Banca d'Alba, and the international food chain Eataly
. Alba has also been established UniEuro, the Italian chain of stores specializing in products, telephones and electrical appliances.
Alba is also famous worldwide for its white truffle
s, so much that goes on the annual Truffle Festival.
has been in existence since 1917.
Böblingen
, Germany
Beausoleil
, France
Medford, Oregon
, USA
Banská Bystrica
, Slovakia
since 1967 Sant Cugat
, Spain
Arlon, Belgium
since 1 March 2004 Bergama
, Turkey
Comune
In Italy, the comune is the basic administrative division, and may be properly approximated in casual speech by the English word township or municipality.-Importance and function:...
of Piedmont
Piedmont
Piedmont is one of the 20 regions of Italy. It has an area of 25,402 square kilometres and a population of about 4.4 million. The capital of Piedmont is Turin. The main local language is Piedmontese. Occitan is also spoken by a minority in the Occitan Valleys situated in the Provinces of...
, Italy
Italy
Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
, in the province of Cuneo
Province of Cuneo
ayr is a province in the southwest of the Piedmont region of Italy. To the west it borders on the French region of Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur ....
. It is considered the capital of the hilly area of Langhe
Langhe
The Langhe is a hilly area to the south and east of the river Tanaro in the province of Cuneo in Piedmont, northern Italy....
, and is famous for its white truffle, peach
Peach
The peach tree is a deciduous tree growing to tall and 6 in. in diameter, belonging to the subfamily Prunoideae of the family Rosaceae. It bears an edible juicy fruit called a peach...
and wine
Wine
Wine is an alcoholic beverage, made of fermented fruit juice, usually from grapes. The natural chemical balance of grapes lets them ferment without the addition of sugars, acids, enzymes, or other nutrients. Grape wine is produced by fermenting crushed grapes using various types of yeast. Yeast...
production. The confectionery
Confectionery
Confectionery is the set of food items that are rich in sugar, any one or type of which is called a confection. Modern usage may include substances rich in artificial sweeteners as well...
group Ferrero
Ferrero SpA
Ferrero SpA is an Italian manufacturer of chocolate and other confectionery products, founded by confectioner Pietro Ferrero in 1946 and based in Alba, Piedmont, Italy. The company achieved success headed by Pietro's son Michele Ferrero, then Michele's son Pietro , who oversaw global business...
is based in Alba.
History
Alba's origins date from before the Roman civilization, connected probably to the presence of Celt and LigurianLigures
The Ligures were an ancient people who gave their name to Liguria, a region of north-western Italy.-Classical sources:...
tribes in the area.
The town is on the site of the ancient Alba Pompeia, probably founded by the Roman consul
Consul
Consul was the highest elected office of the Roman Republic and an appointive office under the Empire. The title was also used in other city states and also revived in modern states, notably in the First French Republic...
Gnaeus Pompeius Strabo
Pompeius Strabo
Gnaeus Pompeius Strabo , whose cognomen means "cross eyed", is often referred to in English as Pompey Strabo to distinguish him from Strabo, the geographer. Strabo lived in the Roman Republic. Strabo was born and raised into a noble family in Picenum a rural district in Northern Italy, off the...
while constructing a road from Aquae Statiellae
Acqui Terme
Acqui Terme is a city and comune of Piedmont, northern Italy, in the province of Alessandria. It is c. 35 km SSW of Alessandria...
(Acqui
Acqui Terme
Acqui Terme is a city and comune of Piedmont, northern Italy, in the province of Alessandria. It is c. 35 km SSW of Alessandria...
) to Augusta Taurinorum
Turin
Turin is a city and major business and cultural centre in northern Italy, capital of the Piedmont region, located mainly on the left bank of the Po River and surrounded by the Alpine arch. The population of the city proper is 909,193 while the population of the urban area is estimated by Eurostat...
(Turin
Turin
Turin is a city and major business and cultural centre in northern Italy, capital of the Piedmont region, located mainly on the left bank of the Po River and surrounded by the Alpine arch. The population of the city proper is 909,193 while the population of the urban area is estimated by Eurostat...
). Alba was the birthplace of Publius Helvius Pertinax
Pertinax
Pertinax , was Roman Emperor for three months in 193. He is known as the first emperor of the tumultuous Year of the Five Emperors. A high ranking military and Senatorial figure, he tried to restore discipline in the Praetorian Guards, whereupon they rebelled and killed him...
, one of the shortest reigning Roman emperors.
After the fall of the Western Empire
Western Roman Empire
The Western Roman Empire was the western half of the Roman Empire after its division by Diocletian in 285; the other half of the Roman Empire was the Eastern Roman Empire, commonly referred to today as the Byzantine Empire....
, the city was repeatedly sacked by Burgundians
Burgundians
The Burgundians were an East Germanic tribe which may have emigrated from mainland Scandinavia to the island of Bornholm, whose old form in Old Norse still was Burgundarholmr , and from there to mainland Europe...
, Lombards
Lombards
The Lombards , also referred to as Longobards, were a Germanic tribe of Scandinavian origin, who from 568 to 774 ruled a Kingdom in Italy...
and Franks
Franks
The Franks were a confederation of Germanic tribes first attested in the third century AD as living north and east of the Lower Rhine River. From the third to fifth centuries some Franks raided Roman territory while other Franks joined the Roman troops in Gaul. Only the Salian Franks formed a...
. In the 11th century it become a free commune
Medieval commune
Medieval communes in the European Middle Ages had sworn allegiances of mutual defense among the citizens of a town or city. They took many forms, and varied widely in organization and makeup. Communes are first recorded in the late 11th and early 12th centuries, thereafter becoming a widespread...
(or city-state
Italian city-states
The Italian city-states were a political phenomenon of small independent states mostly in the central and northern Italian peninsula between the 10th and 15th centuries....
) and was a member of the Lombard League
Lombard League
The Lombard League was an alliance formed around 1167, which at its apex included most of the cities of northern Italy , including, among others, Crema, Cremona, Mantua, Piacenza, Bergamo, Brescia, Milan, Genoa, Bologna, Padua, Modena, Reggio Emilia, Treviso, Venice, Vercelli, Vicenza, Verona,...
. Montferrat
Montferrat
Montferrat is part of the region of Piedmont in Northern Italy. It comprises roughly the modern provinces of Alessandria and Asti. Montferrat is one of the most important wine districts of Italy...
and the Visconti
House of Visconti
Visconti is the family name of two important Italian noble dynasties of the Middle Ages. There are two distinct Visconti families: The first one in the Republic of Pisa in the mid twelfth century who achieved prominence first in Pisa, then in Sardinia where they became rulers of Gallura...
fought over the town; later it became a possession of the House of Gonzaga
House of Gonzaga
The Gonzaga family ruled Mantua in Northern Italy from 1328 to 1708.-History:In 1433, Gianfrancesco I assumed the title of Marquis of Mantua, and in 1530 Federico II received the title of Duke of Mantua. In 1531, the family acquired the Duchy of Monferrato through marriage...
. Charles Emmanuel I of Savoy
Charles Emmanuel I, Duke of Savoy
Charles Emmanuel I , known as the Great, was the Duke of Savoy from 1580 to 1630...
conquered it twice, while later France
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
and Spain
Spain
Spain , officially the Kingdom of Spain languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Spain's official name is as follows:;;;;;;), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula...
battled for its possession. The Treaty of Cherasco
War of the Mantuan Succession
The War of the Mantuan Succession was a peripheral part of the Thirty Years' War. Its casus belli was the extinction of the direct male line of the House of Gonzaga in December 1627. Brothers Francesco IV , Ferdinando and Vincenzo II , the last three dukes of Gonzaga, had all died leaving no...
assigned Alba definitively to Savoy
Savoy
Savoy is a region of France. It comprises roughly the territory of the Western Alps situated between Lake Geneva in the north and Monaco and the Mediterranean coast in the south....
.
Alba won a Gold Medal for Military Valour for the heroic activity of its citizens in the Italian resistance movement
Italian resistance movement
The Italian resistance is the umbrella term for the various partisan forces formed by pro-Allied Italians during World War II...
during the course of World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
. In October 1944 the town was liberated by partisans who established a Republic of Alba
Republic of Alba (1944)
The Republic of Alba was a short-lived state that existed from October 10 to November 2, 1944 in Alba, northern Italy, as a local resistance against Italian fascism during World War II. It was named after the Napoleonic Republic of Alba that existed between 1796 and 1801 in Piedmont.-See...
which for a few weeks was able to maintain its independence from the Fascist Republic of Salò
Italian Social Republic
The Italian Social Republic was a puppet state of Nazi Germany led by the "Duce of the Nation" and "Minister of Foreign Affairs" Benito Mussolini and his Republican Fascist Party. The RSI exercised nominal sovereignty in northern Italy but was largely dependent on the Wehrmacht to maintain control...
.
Main sights
Of the Roman city, which had a polygonal form, parts of the fortified gateCity gate
A city gate is a gate which is, or was, set within a city wall. Other terms include port.-Uses:City gates were traditionally built to provide a point of controlled access to and departure from a walled city for people, vehicles, goods and animals...
and remains of some edifices with marble and mosaics can still be seen.
Other attractions include:
- The Palazzo Comunale (13th century, housing a Nativity by Macrino d'AlbaMacrino d'AlbaMacrino d'Alba was an Italian painter of the Renaissance period, active mainly in Piedmont. Also called Giovanni Giacomo Fava. Born in Alba, he painted the Resurrection for the chapel of Sant’Ugone at the Certosa di Pavia...
of 1501) and the Bishop's Palace. - Some towers of 14th-15th centuries: Alba was once known as the "City with hundred towers".
- the Romanesque Alba CathedralAlba CathedralAlba Cathedral is a Romanesque cathedral in Alba, Piedmont, Italy. It is dedicated to Saint Lawrence. It is located in the Piazza del Risorgimento, better known as Piazza Duomo , amidst cobbled streets.-History:...
of San Lorenzo (Duomo), built in 12th century, probably over holy edifices of Roman age. It was restructured in 15th century, by bishop Andrea Novelli, and again in the following centuries. The current appearance is from the controversial restoration of 19th century, of which the three portals and the crpyt are from the original edifice. The church is well known for its wood-carved chorus made in 1512 by Bernardino Fossati. The current belfry, from the 12th century, includes entirely the original bell tower. - The Gothic church of San Domenico (13th-14th century), the most artistically relevant church in town. It has a noteworthy portal with a triple arch within a pointed arch, a polygonal apse and traces of Renaissance frescoes. During the Napoleonic WarsNapoleonic WarsThe Napoleonic Wars were a series of wars declared against Napoleon's French Empire by opposing coalitions that ran from 1803 to 1815. As a continuation of the wars sparked by the French Revolution of 1789, they revolutionised European armies and played out on an unprecedented scale, mainly due to...
it was used a stable, and was reconsecrated on June 22, 1827. - The Baroque church of St. John the Baptist, housing a Madonna of the Graces (1377) by Barnaba da Modena and a Madonna with Saints (1508) by Macrino d'Alba.
The city museums include the F. Eusebio Municipal Museum of Archaeology and Natural Science
Natural science
The natural sciences are branches of science that seek to elucidate the rules that govern the natural world by using empirical and scientific methods...
.
Economy
In addition to traditional agriculture, Alba is a very important center of wine. In the area of Alba, in fact, there are 290 wineries that cultivating an area of 700 hectares of land, producing an average of 61,200 hl of wine annually.The wines of Alba are among the most renowned in Italy and are divided into:
- DOCDenominazione di Origine ControllataDenominazione di origine controllata is a quality assurance label for food products, especially wines and various formaggi . It is modelled after the French AOC...
: Barbera, DolcettoDolcettoDolcetto is a black wine grape variety widely grown in the Piedmont region of northwest Italy. The Italian word dolcetto means "little sweet one", but it is not certain that the name originally carried any reference to the grape’s sugar levels: it is possible that it derives from the name of the...
, Nebbiolo. - DOCG: BarbarescoBarbarescoBarbaresco is an Italian wine made with the Nebbiolo grape. Barbaresco is produced in the Piedmont region in an area of the Langhe immediately to the east of Alba and specifically in the comunes of Barbaresco, Treiso and Neive plus that area of the frazione San Rocco Senodelvio which was once part...
, MoscatoMoscato d'AstiMoscato d'Asti is a "Denominazione di origine controllata e garantita" sparkling white wine produced mainly in the province of Asti, north-west Italy, and in smaller nearby regions in the provinces of Alessandria and Cuneo. The wine is sweet and low in alcohol, and often enjoyed with dessert. ...
.
The city has a thriving economy, being able to count the confectionery industry, world-renowned, Ferrero
Ferrero SpA
Ferrero SpA is an Italian manufacturer of chocolate and other confectionery products, founded by confectioner Pietro Ferrero in 1946 and based in Alba, Piedmont, Italy. The company achieved success headed by Pietro's son Michele Ferrero, then Michele's son Pietro , who oversaw global business...
, a publishing house such as the Società San Paolo and on the estimated textile industry Miroglio
Miroglio
Seeing incorporation at Alba , Miroglio is an Italian firm specialising in the manufacture and distribution for sale of ready-to-wear clothing and fabrics. The Group now delivers consolidated sales revenue in the amount of Euro 997,1 million and employs some 12 thousand people in Italy and abroad...
.
In the town houses the largest Cooperative Credit Bank of Italy, by number of partners, the Banca d'Alba, and the international food chain Eataly
Eataly
Eataly is a high-end Italian food market/mall chain which first opened in Turin, Italy, in January 2007. A New York City Eataly opened in August 2010.-Turin:...
. Alba has also been established UniEuro, the Italian chain of stores specializing in products, telephones and electrical appliances.
Alba is also famous worldwide for its white truffle
Truffle
A truffle is the fruiting body of an underground mushroom; spore dispersal is accomplished through fungivores, animals that eat fungi. Almost all truffles are ectomycorrhizal and are therefore usually found in close association with trees....
s, so much that goes on the annual Truffle Festival.
Sport
The town’s football club, A.S.D. Albese CalcioA.S.D. Albese Calcio
Associazione Sportiva Dilettantistica Albese Calcio is an Italian association football club, based in Alba, Piedmont. Albese currently plays in Serie D.- Foundation :...
has been in existence since 1917.
Notable natives and residents of Alba
- Publius Helvius PertinaxPertinaxPertinax , was Roman Emperor for three months in 193. He is known as the first emperor of the tumultuous Year of the Five Emperors. A high ranking military and Senatorial figure, he tried to restore discipline in the Praetorian Guards, whereupon they rebelled and killed him...
(125–103), Governor of BritainGovernors of Roman BritainThis is a partial list of Governors of Roman Britain. As Britannia, Roman Britain was a consular province, which means its governors need to be appointed consul by Rome before they could govern it. While this rank could be obtained either as a suffect or ordinares, a number of governors were consul...
c.185–187 and Roman EmperorRoman EmperorThe Roman emperor was the ruler of the Roman State during the imperial period . The Romans had no single term for the office although at any given time, a given title was associated with the emperor...
for the first 86 days of 193 AD193Year 193 was a common year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Sosius and Ericius...
was born in Alba. - The Blessed Margaret of SavoyBlessed Margaret of SavoyThe Blessed Margaret of Savoy was Marchioness of Montferrat.-Family:Margaret was the eldest of the four children—all daughters—born to Amadeo of Savoy, and his wife Catherine of Geneva.Her paternal grandparents were Giacomo of Savoy, titular Prince of Achaea and his second wife...
(1390–1464), child bride and childless, youthful widow of Theodore IITheodore II, Marquess of Montferrat-Life:He was the thirdborn son of John II of Montferrat and Isabel of Majorca. Theodore was named governor of the margraviate after the death of his brother John III. After the death of John II, Montferrat had been plunged into a crisis brought on by the quick succession of two young rulers,...
, Marquess of Montferrat established, ruled over, and was interred in a monasteryMonasteryMonastery denotes the building, or complex of buildings, that houses a room reserved for prayer as well as the domestic quarters and workplace of monastics, whether monks or nuns, and whether living in community or alone .Monasteries may vary greatly in size – a small dwelling accommodating only...
here. - Macrino d'AlbaMacrino d'AlbaMacrino d'Alba was an Italian painter of the Renaissance period, active mainly in Piedmont. Also called Giovanni Giacomo Fava. Born in Alba, he painted the Resurrection for the chapel of Sant’Ugone at the Certosa di Pavia...
(c.1460–65 – c.1510–20) was a RenaissanceRenaissanceThe Renaissance was a cultural movement that spanned roughly the 14th to the 17th century, beginning in Italy in the Late Middle Ages and later spreading to the rest of Europe. The term is also used more loosely to refer to the historical era, but since the changes of the Renaissance were not...
painter, born in Alba and largely active in north-west Italy. - Giuseppe "Pinot" Gallizio (1912–1964), an artist born in Alba and co-founder there of the International Movement for an Imaginist BauhausInternational Movement for an Imaginist BauhausThe International Movement for an Imaginist Bauhaus was a small European avant-garde artistic tendency that arose out of the breakup of COBRA, and was initiated by contact between former COBRA member Asger Jorn and Enrico Baj and Sergio Dangelo of the Nuclear Art Movement.-Timeline:*December 1953:...
. - Beppe FenoglioBeppe FenoglioBeppe Fenoglio was an Italian writer. His work was published in a critical edition after his death, but controversy remains about his book Il partigiano Johnny , often considered his best work, which was published posthumously in 1968.The works of...
(1922–1963) was a writer born in Alba and a (royalist) partisan fighter who participated in the brief liberation of the town from Nazi-Fascist control in 1944.
Twin towns — Sister cities
Alba is twinned with:Böblingen
Böblingen
Böblingen is a town in Baden-Württemberg, Germany, seat of Böblingen District. Physically Sindelfingen and Böblingen are continuous.-History:Böblingen was founded by Count Wilhelm von Tübingen-Böblingen in 1253. Württemberg acquired the town in 1357, and on 12 May 1525 one of the bloodiest battles...
, Germany
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
Beausoleil
Beausoleil, Alpes-Maritimes
Beausoleil is a commune in the Alpes-Maritimes department in southeastern France. It adjoins the Principality of Monaco.Beausoleil was formerly known as Monte-Carlo-Supérieur .-Economy:...
, France
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
Medford, Oregon
Medford, Oregon
Medford is a city in Jackson County, Oregon, United States. As of the 2010 US Census, the city had a total population of 74,907 and a metropolitan area population of 207,010, making the Medford MSA the 4th largest metro area in Oregon...
, USA
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
Banská Bystrica
Banská Bystrica
Banská Bystrica is a key city in central Slovakia located on the Hron River in a long and wide valley encircled by the mountain chains of the Low Tatras, the Veľká Fatra, and the Kremnica Mountains. With 81,281 inhabitants, Banská Bystrica is the sixth most populous municipality in Slovakia...
, Slovakia
Slovakia
The Slovak Republic is a landlocked state in Central Europe. It has a population of over five million and an area of about . Slovakia is bordered by the Czech Republic and Austria to the west, Poland to the north, Ukraine to the east and Hungary to the south...
since 1967 Sant Cugat
Sant Cugat del Vallès
Sant Cugat del Vallès is a town and municipality north of Barcelona in Catalonia, Spain. In antiquity known as Castrum Octavianum, it is named after Saint Cucuphas, who is said to have been martyred on the spot now occupied by its medieval monastery.Sant Cugat has seen its population increase in...
, Spain
Spain
Spain , officially the Kingdom of Spain languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Spain's official name is as follows:;;;;;;), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula...
Arlon, Belgium
Belgium
Belgium , officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a federal state in Western Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts the EU's headquarters, and those of several other major international organisations such as NATO.Belgium is also a member of, or affiliated to, many...
since 1 March 2004 Bergama
Bergama
Bergama is a populous district, as well as the center city of the same district, in İzmir Province in western Turkey. By excluding İzmir's metropolitan area, it is one of the prominent districts of the province in terms of population and is largely urbanized at the rate of 53,6 per cent...
, Turkey
See also
- Republic of AlbaRepublic of Alba200px|thumb|The flagThe so-called Republic of Alba was a revolutionary municipality proclaimed on April 26, 1796, in Alba, northern Italy, when the town was taken by the French army....
(1796–1810) - Republic of AlbaRepublic of Alba (1944)The Republic of Alba was a short-lived state that existed from October 10 to November 2, 1944 in Alba, northern Italy, as a local resistance against Italian fascism during World War II. It was named after the Napoleonic Republic of Alba that existed between 1796 and 1801 in Piedmont.-See...
(1944) - Piemonte (wine)Piemonte (wine)Piemonte wine is the range of Italian wines made in the province of Piedmont in the northwestern corner of Italy.The best-known wines from the region include Barolo and Barbaresco. They are made from the Nebbiolo grape...
- NutellaNutellaNutella is the brand name of a chocolate spread. Nutella, manufactured by the Italian company Ferrero, was introduced on the market in 1963. The recipe was developed from an earlier Ferrero spread released in 1944. Nutella is now sold in over 75 countries....
Sources and external links
- www.comune.alba.cn.it – the official website of the city council
- Alba Music Festival, artistic direction: Giuseppe Nova, Jeff Silberschlag, Larry Vote
- Guide to Alba city – Information, phone numbersTelephone numberA telephone number or phone number is a sequence of digits used to call from one telephone line to another in a public switched telephone network. When telephone numbers were invented, they were short — as few as one, two or three digits — and were given orally to a switchboard operator...
and useful links at comuni-italiani.it - Information on Alba – a very short tourist guide from www.piemonte-Italy.info
- Coro Giovanile La Schola – the website of the “La Schola” youth choir of the cathedral parish of Alba
- Diocese of Alba Pompeia – article from the Old Catholic EncyclopediaCatholic EncyclopediaThe Catholic Encyclopedia, also referred to as the Old Catholic Encyclopedia and the Original Catholic Encyclopedia, is an English-language encyclopedia published in the United States. The first volume appeared in March 1907 and the last three volumes appeared in 1912, followed by a master index...
of 1913 - Paradoxplace Alba Truffle and Food Festival Photo Pages