Walluf
Encyclopedia
Walluf is a community in the Rheingau-Taunus-Kreis
in the Regierungsbezirk
of Darmstadt
in Hesse
, Germany
. With 5,581 residents in its 6.74 square kilometer area, it is the most densely populated community in the Rheingau-Taunus-Kreis.
s (“Gateway to the Rheingau”), lies on the southern slope of the Taunus
Mountains and on the north bank of the Rhine River. Walluf is the Rheingau
’s easternmost community. It is made up of the two formerly independent communities of Niederwalluf and Oberwalluf.
Walluf lies in the valley of a creek also named the Walluf (German Wallufbach). The 13.7 kilometres (8.5 mi) creek rises in the foothills of the Taunus southwest of Schlangenbad
-Bärstadt. It flows past Eltville
-Martinsthal and the Walluf district of Oberwalluf, flowing into the Rhine at Niederwalluf.
and Frauenstein
of the district-free city of Wiesbaden
and in the west on the town of Eltville
. In the south, the Rhine forms the boundary with the community of Budenheim
(Mainz-Bingen
in Rhineland-Palatinate
).
Walluf was formed on October 1, 1971 through the voluntary merger of the former municipalities Niederwalluf and Oberwalluf. Through this merger, Walluf was able to preserve its independence even through the territorial reform of January 1, 1977.
In 1932, the remains of a characteristic Ottonian
tower castle were excavated in the immediate vicinity of the so-called Johannisfeld below the ruins of the Johanniskirchen. Researchers noted the remains of Celtic, Roman
and Carolingian
residences and a palace. Pot shards indicated settlement dating back to the La Tène period (about 400 BC).
The first documented use of the town’s name, as Waltaffa, was in about 770. Winemaking has been documented at Walluf since that time (according to a document dating from 779), making it the Rheingau’s oldest winegrowing community. The name Waldaffa or Waldaffen was used until the 13th century. The name is of Germanic origin at means “forest water,” referring to the Wallufsbach creek. In the Middle Ages
, this creek formed the boundary between the Rheingau and the Königssondergau
to the east. Walluf lay along an old thoroughfare that led from Mainz
, across a ford of the Rhine, up into the Limburg Basin.
Near Walluf was also once found the easternmost entrance through the Rheingauer Gebück, an impenetrable 50 to 100 meter-wide “hedge” of stunted trees which formed a kind of border defense to protect against attacks from the north. The name comes from the German word bücken, meaning “to stoop,” a reference to the trees’ thick, low boughs. The Gebück, which extended as far as Lorch, was put in place by the Archbishopric of Mainz
, which controlled the Rheingau. It also gave Walluf its nickname Pforte des Rheingaus (“Gateway to the Rheingau”). The village entrance, facing the Johannis fountain (Johannisbrunnen), was fortified with a great bulwark, which from its shape was known as the Backofen – “the Oven”.
In the early Middle Ages, present-day Walluf was politically divided. Only the western part of the community near the present parish church belonged from the beginning to the Rheingau, under the jurisdiction of the Archbishopric of Mainz. The larger district was originally east of the Wallufbach and did not belong to the Rheingau, but to Königssondergau
. It eventually became the property of the Count of Lindau
. After the construction of the Gebück, the residents gradually withdrew behind its protection on the west side of the Wallufbach.
Another self-contained settlement arose above the riverside community of Walluf and was named Oberwalluf. The original community on the Rhine was thereafter known as Niederwalluf. Oberwalluf is first mentioned in documents from the 11th century as a branch of the Eltville parish. The town hall of the formerly independent community still remains at the market square. It was first built 1412 and rebuilt in 1616. On its front is the coat of arms of Oberwalluf – the Wheel of Mainz
to the left and to the right a key.
The first mention of a church or chapel in Niederwalluf dates to the time of the Archbishop of Mainz Willigis (975-1011). The original Church of St. John (German Johanniskirche) was built around the year 1000, but now only ruins of it remain. There may have already been a church or baptistery as early as 744, because tradition names it as the place of the baptism that year of the later Benedictine monk Gerhardus, who was given the name “Fidelis.”
On December 15, 1988, Walluf was the scene of a gas explosion, apparently caused by a switching error. The accident killed two people and forced the evacuation of 200 others.
and Wiesbaden
. At Niederwalluf railway station, Regionalbahn
trains from the DB Regio
AG stop.
Likewise running along the Rhine’s right (east) bank is Bundesstraße
42, which merges into Autobahn 66
just past the community’s eastern limits. From Bundesstraße 42, Bundesstraße 260 branches into the Taunus
.
A foot passenger and bicycle ferry operates across the Rhine between Walluf and the Budenheim
quay.
In the industrial area "Im Grohenstück/In der Rehbach” are trucking companies, as well as establishments producing construction machinery and packaging equipment. There are also various service providers, such as the Customer Service of Siemens Elektrogeräte GmbH, HSGM Heißschneidegeräte und Maschinen GmbH, ASCAD Anwendersoftware GmbH, and ISI Automation GmbH. On the link road "Am Klingenweg" is the so-called press house in which several publishers have their headquarters, and the new building of ENGEL GmbH with its production of small electric motors, precision rotating parts, and electrical systems.
and estate taverns. Vineyard
s in Walluf include:
Mainly Riesling
grapes are grown, but there are also Pinot noir
, Pinot blanc
, and other grape varieties. Walluf wines are of outstanding quality, but are overshadowed by the much more widely known wines from the neighbouring town of Eltville
. Among the better known winemakers or wine estates are Weingut Becker, Weingut Mehl, Weingut Russler, Weingut Klerner und Erben, Weingut Scherer and Weingut Bug, some of which also run Straußwirtschaften or estate taverns, in which is served the wine, together with typical Rheingau dishes.
. First elected on April 14, 2002, he was re-elected to another six-year term on April 13, 2008. Running without opposition, he received 92.6% of the vote with an election turnout
of 42.9%. Mr. Kohl succeeded the directly-elected mayors Heinz Spiekermann (Christian Democratic Union, elected May 29, 1994) and Jürgen Knode (CDU, elected September 22, 1996).
Along the Wallufbach between Niederwalluf and Oberwalluf, there were once numerous mills, of which only remnants remain today. This area between the former villages is now the site of the new centrally-located City Hall. An ancient path in lovely parkland through by the Distrikt Paradies (paradise district) along the Wallufbach combines the two districts.
are 50 white stork
pairs, which inhabit Walluf and the surrounding area. These were reinstated here by the Schiersteiner Storchengemeinschaft (“Schierstein Stork Association”).
attacks. Potshards found at the site date to the sixth to ninth centuries. The castle was surrounded by a wall and the tower itself was probably surrounded by a moat. The castle tower was destroyed around 1200 and in 1263 came into possession of Frank von Wiesbaden. It is not known whether the castle tower still stood at this time, but the Knights of Landau
already were based about 2 km away at the Hof Armada in Frauenstein
. Today, the site is open year-round to visitors and is occasionally used for choir concerts and church services.
The ruins of the Johanniskirche (Church of St. John) are east of Niederwalluf. Once the center of the village, the church now consists only of a square of stone walls, measuring about 10.3 m (33.8 ft) by 13 m (42.7 ft), which date from the end of the 15th to the beginning of the 16th centuries. Its northern wall includes remnants of two previous structures from the 10th and 12th centuries.
The first structure was built by the inhabitants of the nearby castle tower, which dates to the 10th century and lies only a few meters southeast of the church. Built in approximately the year 1000, the original church consisted of a small hall, about 5.8 m (19 ft) by 10 m (32.8 ft), with an attached square choir (or possibly a tower). It was about 1.8 m (5.9 ft) below the current ground level. The stones of this level have a red color that is evidence of a fire, in which the first church was obviously badly damaged.
In the 12th century (about 1197), the church had apparently become too small and an extension was added on the north end. To connect this addition with the original church, two arched gateways were broken through the northern wall. The stones around these gateways were not laid in conjunction with the original wall, but rather were built onto the old stones. The brighter color of the stones suggests that the arches had been broken through the wall after the fire.
The latest building dates to the 14th century. The original church had apparently been destroyed and was rebuilt, this time at the present ground level. The arches were again closed, but the floor area of the church was increased in the southwest and the walls made higher. Above the level of the first two buildings, one can see finely carved gray stones, which came from a quarry in Oppenheim and had apparently been taken from the castle tower (which had been destroyed around 1220). The last building initially had circular windows. Their irregular outbreak traces are evident in the high Gothic windows, which were built later (around 1500 to 1508).
The building served Niederwalluf as the parish church until the 18th century, even though, by this time, the village itself had migrated to the west, on the other side of the Wallufbach. In the mid-18th century, the people of Niederwalluf built a new chapel, the Adelheidkapelle, in the center of the village and dedicated it also to St. John the Baptist. The altars and artistic objects from the old parish church were transferred there. From the beginning of the 19th century, the original church, badly damaged in the war of 1793-95, was abandoned. It served only as a barn and ice cellar.
In his sketch book of 1813, the Mainz painter Caspar Schneider (1755–1839) portrayed the Church of St. John's in a westward-looking view of Niederwalluf. In the foreground of the sketch is a rubble mound under which the castle tower is buried. The small church is in a ruined state. A remainder of the plaster can also be discerned on north interior wall and the outer walls and the late Gothic tracery of the window is only partially damaged. A high arch is shown in the east wall. It had been made for a choir addition that was never completed and had been only sealed with a temporary wall of inferior construction until the church’s destruction. The sketch also shows the remains of part of the high steep roof, which had once been crowned by a small bell tower.
It was probably the Johanniskirche which Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
described in 1814, during a visit to the Rheingau: "Nearby there is a ruined chapel, which sits on a green mat with its green ivy-covered walls standing wonderfully clean, simple and pleasant."
Dr. Ferdinand Kutsch (1889–1972), director of the Museum Wiesbaden, conducted excavations in the area of the Johanniskirche in 1931 and 1932. Buried remains of the old castle tower were rediscovered and the previously unknown architectural history of the church was reconstructed.
Some restoration of the church was done in the 1970s. In 2000, at the initiative of Elmar Lorey, the Kulturinitiative Alte Johanniskirche eV (Old St. John's Church Culture Initiative) was founded to organize events for enrichment of the cultural life of Walluf. The town rehabilitated the Johanniskirche remains for use as a cultural event venue. A line of dark stones in the newly introduced floor shows the course of the first structure’s walls. Outside the north wall, another line of paving stones indicates the walls of the second construction.
A number of former watermill
s (German Mühle) along the Walluf millrace today recall the community’s early economic development:
As of the 2008-2009 season, SG Walluf competes in the Verbandsliga Hessen-Mitte
(the second-highest level in the state). The club won the league title in 2000, earning promotion to the Oberliga Hessen (now the Hessenliga
). After two seasons in the Oberliga, they were again relegated to the Verbandsliga.
FSV Oberwalluf competes in the Rheingau-Taunus-Kreis Kreisliga A. Both clubs play at the sporting ground in the Johannisfeld on the Rhine.
wines began.
Rheingau-Taunus-Kreis
Rheingau-Taunus is a Kreis in the west of Hesse, Germany. Neighboring districts are Limburg-Weilburg, Hochtaunuskreis, Main-Taunus, district-free Wiesbaden, Mainz-Bingen, Rhein-Lahn.-Geography:...
in the Regierungsbezirk
Regierungsbezirk
In Germany, a Government District, in German: Regierungsbezirk – is a subdivision of certain federal states .They are above the Kreise, Landkreise, and kreisfreie Städte...
of Darmstadt
Darmstadt (region)
Darmstadt is one of the three Regierungsbezirke of Hesse, Germany, located in the south of the state.- External links :*...
in Hesse
Hesse
Hesse or Hessia is both a cultural region of Germany and the name of an individual German state.* The cultural region of Hesse includes both the State of Hesse and the area known as Rhenish Hesse in the neighbouring Rhineland-Palatinate state...
, Germany
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
. With 5,581 residents in its 6.74 square kilometer area, it is the most densely populated community in the Rheingau-Taunus-Kreis.
Location
Walluf, also known as Pforte des RheingauRheingau
The Rheingau is the hill country on the north side of the Rhine River between Wiesbaden and Lorch near Frankfurt, reaching from the western Taunus to the Rhine. It lies in the state of Hesse and is part of the Rheingau-Taunus-Kreis administrative district...
s (“Gateway to the Rheingau”), lies on the southern slope of the Taunus
Taunus
The Taunus is a low mountain range in Hesse, Germany that composes part of the Rhenish Slate Mountains. It is bounded by the river valleys of Rhine, Main and Lahn. On the opposite side of the Rhine, the mountains are continued by the Hunsrück...
Mountains and on the north bank of the Rhine River. Walluf is the Rheingau
Rheingau
The Rheingau is the hill country on the north side of the Rhine River between Wiesbaden and Lorch near Frankfurt, reaching from the western Taunus to the Rhine. It lies in the state of Hesse and is part of the Rheingau-Taunus-Kreis administrative district...
’s easternmost community. It is made up of the two formerly independent communities of Niederwalluf and Oberwalluf.
Walluf lies in the valley of a creek also named the Walluf (German Wallufbach). The 13.7 kilometres (8.5 mi) creek rises in the foothills of the Taunus southwest of Schlangenbad
Schlangenbad
Schlangenbad is a community in the Rheingau-Taunus-Kreis in the Regierungsbezirk of Darmstadt in Hesse, Germany.- Location :The community, which is a health resort , lies above sea level in a sheltered location on a valley slope on the southern slope of the Taunus from Wiesbaden, from Eltville...
-Bärstadt. It flows past Eltville
Eltville
Eltville am Rhein is a town in the Rheingau-Taunus-Kreis in the Regierungsbezirk of Darmstadt in Hesse, Germany. It is located on the German Half-Timbered House Road ....
-Martinsthal and the Walluf district of Oberwalluf, flowing into the Rhine at Niederwalluf.
Neighbouring communities
Walluf borders in the north and east on the boroughs of SchiersteinWiesbaden-Schierstein
Schierstein is a southwestern borough of Wiesbaden, capital of state of Hesse, Germany. First mentioned in historical records in 860, Schierstein was incorporated into Wiesbaden in 1926. Today the borough has about 10,000 residents...
and Frauenstein
Wiesbaden-Frauenstein
Frauenstein is the western-most borough of the city of Wiesbaden, located in the Rhine Main Area near Frankfurt and capital of the federal state of Hesse, Germany. The borough has a population of approximately 2,400. The formerly independent village was incorporated into Wiesbaden in 1928.The...
of the district-free city of Wiesbaden
Wiesbaden
Wiesbaden is a city in southwest Germany and the capital of the federal state of Hesse. It has about 275,400 inhabitants, plus approximately 10,000 United States citizens...
and in the west on the town of Eltville
Eltville
Eltville am Rhein is a town in the Rheingau-Taunus-Kreis in the Regierungsbezirk of Darmstadt in Hesse, Germany. It is located on the German Half-Timbered House Road ....
. In the south, the Rhine forms the boundary with the community of Budenheim
Budenheim
Budenheim is a municipality in the Mainz-Bingen district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. Unlike other municipalities in Mainz-Bingen, it does not belong to any Verbandsgemeinde.- Location :...
(Mainz-Bingen
Mainz-Bingen
Mainz-Bingen is a district in the east of Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. Neighboring districts are Rheingau-Taunus, the district-free cities Wiesbaden and Mainz, the districts Groß-Gerau, Alzey-Worms, Bad Kreuznach, Rhein-Hunsrück.-History:During the French occupation under Napoleon the district...
in Rhineland-Palatinate
Rhineland-Palatinate
Rhineland-Palatinate is one of the 16 states of the Federal Republic of Germany. It has an area of and about four million inhabitants. The capital is Mainz. English speakers also commonly refer to the state by its German name, Rheinland-Pfalz ....
).
History
In 1932, the remains of a characteristic Ottonian
Ottonian
The Ottonian dynasty was a dynasty of Germanic Kings , named after its first emperor but also known as the Saxon dynasty after the family's origin. The family itself is also sometimes known as the Liudolfings, after its earliest known member Liudolf and one of its primary leading-names...
tower castle were excavated in the immediate vicinity of the so-called Johannisfeld below the ruins of the Johanniskirchen. Researchers noted the remains of Celtic, Roman
Ancient Rome
Ancient Rome was a thriving civilization that grew on the Italian Peninsula as early as the 8th century BC. Located along the Mediterranean Sea and centered on the city of Rome, it expanded to one of the largest empires in the ancient world....
and Carolingian
Carolingian
The Carolingian dynasty was a Frankish noble family with origins in the Arnulfing and Pippinid clans of the 7th century AD. The name "Carolingian", Medieval Latin karolingi, an altered form of an unattested Old High German *karling, kerling The Carolingian dynasty (known variously as the...
residences and a palace. Pot shards indicated settlement dating back to the La Tène period (about 400 BC).
The first documented use of the town’s name, as Waltaffa, was in about 770. Winemaking has been documented at Walluf since that time (according to a document dating from 779), making it the Rheingau’s oldest winegrowing community. The name Waldaffa or Waldaffen was used until the 13th century. The name is of Germanic origin at means “forest water,” referring to the Wallufsbach creek. In the Middle Ages
Middle Ages
The Middle Ages is a periodization of European history from the 5th century to the 15th century. The Middle Ages follows the fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476 and precedes the Early Modern Era. It is the middle period of a three-period division of Western history: Classic, Medieval and Modern...
, this creek formed the boundary between the Rheingau and the Königssondergau
Königssondergau
The Königssondergau was a Frankish gau which existed in the area north of the confluence of the Rhine and Main rivers in Germany, from Frankish times until the end of the 12th century. Often mistakenly equated with the Rheingau, the Gau was based around the former Roman administrative district...
to the east. Walluf lay along an old thoroughfare that led from Mainz
Mainz
Mainz under the Holy Roman Empire, and previously was a Roman fort city which commanded the west bank of the Rhine and formed part of the northernmost frontier of the Roman Empire...
, across a ford of the Rhine, up into the Limburg Basin.
Near Walluf was also once found the easternmost entrance through the Rheingauer Gebück, an impenetrable 50 to 100 meter-wide “hedge” of stunted trees which formed a kind of border defense to protect against attacks from the north. The name comes from the German word bücken, meaning “to stoop,” a reference to the trees’ thick, low boughs. The Gebück, which extended as far as Lorch, was put in place by the Archbishopric of Mainz
Archbishopric of Mainz
The Archbishopric of Mainz or Electorate of Mainz was an influential ecclesiastic and secular prince-bishopric in the Holy Roman Empire between 780–82 and 1802. In the Roman Catholic Church hierarchy, the Archbishop of Mainz was the primas Germaniae, the substitute of the Pope north of the Alps...
, which controlled the Rheingau. It also gave Walluf its nickname Pforte des Rheingaus (“Gateway to the Rheingau”). The village entrance, facing the Johannis fountain (Johannisbrunnen), was fortified with a great bulwark, which from its shape was known as the Backofen – “the Oven”.
In the early Middle Ages, present-day Walluf was politically divided. Only the western part of the community near the present parish church belonged from the beginning to the Rheingau, under the jurisdiction of the Archbishopric of Mainz. The larger district was originally east of the Wallufbach and did not belong to the Rheingau, but to Königssondergau
Königssondergau
The Königssondergau was a Frankish gau which existed in the area north of the confluence of the Rhine and Main rivers in Germany, from Frankish times until the end of the 12th century. Often mistakenly equated with the Rheingau, the Gau was based around the former Roman administrative district...
. It eventually became the property of the Count of Lindau
Lindau
Lindau is a Bavarian town and an island on the eastern side of Lake Constance, the Bodensee. It is the capital of the Landkreis or rural district of Lindau. The historic city of Lindau is located on an island which is connected with the mainland by bridge and railway.- History :The name Lindau was...
. After the construction of the Gebück, the residents gradually withdrew behind its protection on the west side of the Wallufbach.
Another self-contained settlement arose above the riverside community of Walluf and was named Oberwalluf. The original community on the Rhine was thereafter known as Niederwalluf. Oberwalluf is first mentioned in documents from the 11th century as a branch of the Eltville parish. The town hall of the formerly independent community still remains at the market square. It was first built 1412 and rebuilt in 1616. On its front is the coat of arms of Oberwalluf – the Wheel of Mainz
Wheel of Mainz
thumb|150px|version until 1992thumb|150px|version from 1992 - 2008thumb|150px|version from 2008The Wheel of Mainz or Mainzer Rad, in German, was the coat of arms of the Archbishopric of Mainz and thus also of the Electorate of Mainz , in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It consists of a silver wheel...
to the left and to the right a key.
The first mention of a church or chapel in Niederwalluf dates to the time of the Archbishop of Mainz Willigis (975-1011). The original Church of St. John (German Johanniskirche) was built around the year 1000, but now only ruins of it remain. There may have already been a church or baptistery as early as 744, because tradition names it as the place of the baptism that year of the later Benedictine monk Gerhardus, who was given the name “Fidelis.”
On December 15, 1988, Walluf was the scene of a gas explosion, apparently caused by a switching error. The accident killed two people and forced the evacuation of 200 others.
Transport
Walluf lies on the East Rhine railway (Rechte Rheinstrecke) running between KoblenzKoblenz
Koblenz is a German city situated on both banks of the Rhine at its confluence with the Moselle, where the Deutsches Eck and its monument are situated.As Koblenz was one of the military posts established by Drusus about 8 BC, the...
and Wiesbaden
Wiesbaden
Wiesbaden is a city in southwest Germany and the capital of the federal state of Hesse. It has about 275,400 inhabitants, plus approximately 10,000 United States citizens...
. At Niederwalluf railway station, Regionalbahn
RegionalBahn
The Regionalbahn is a type of local passenger train in Germany.-Service:Regionalbahn trains usually call at all stations on a given line, with the exception of RB trains within S-Bahn networks, these may only call at selected stations...
trains from the DB Regio
DB Regio
DB Regio AG is a subsidiary of Deutsche Bahn which operates short and medium distance passenger train services in Germany, and operates light and heavy rail infrastructure in the United Kingdom.-Germany:...
AG stop.
Likewise running along the Rhine’s right (east) bank is Bundesstraße
Bundesstraße
Bundesstraße , abbreviated B, is the denotation for German and Austrian national highways.-Germany:...
42, which merges into Autobahn 66
Bundesautobahn 66
is an autobahn in southwestern Germany. It connects the Taunus to Fulda, passing close to Frankfurt am Main. The first part of the autobahn between Wiesbaden and the Nordwestkreuz Frankfurt, was opened as early as 1934, then called the Rhein-Main-Schnellweg. It became an autobahn in 1965.The...
just past the community’s eastern limits. From Bundesstraße 42, Bundesstraße 260 branches into the Taunus
Taunus
The Taunus is a low mountain range in Hesse, Germany that composes part of the Rhenish Slate Mountains. It is bounded by the river valleys of Rhine, Main and Lahn. On the opposite side of the Rhine, the mountains are continued by the Hunsrück...
.
A foot passenger and bicycle ferry operates across the Rhine between Walluf and the Budenheim
Budenheim
Budenheim is a municipality in the Mainz-Bingen district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. Unlike other municipalities in Mainz-Bingen, it does not belong to any Verbandsgemeinde.- Location :...
quay.
Education
- Walluftalschule (primary school and HauptschuleHauptschuleA Hauptschule is a secondary school in Germany and Austria, starting after 4 years of elementary schooling, which offers Lower Secondary Education according to the International Standard Classification of Education...
with orientation level) - 3 kindergartens (2 in Niederwalluf, 1 in Oberwalluf)
Economy
Several companies in various fields (such as the chemical industry, construction, nurseries, and wine estates) have their headquarters in Walluf. The town administration also desires to expand the industrial park with more environmentally-friendly establishments. For the tourism sector, attractions include the marina (with a base of the German Sailing Association), large stables, a riding hall, a tennis hall, and a sports park in the industrial area.In the industrial area "Im Grohenstück/In der Rehbach” are trucking companies, as well as establishments producing construction machinery and packaging equipment. There are also various service providers, such as the Customer Service of Siemens Elektrogeräte GmbH, HSGM Heißschneidegeräte und Maschinen GmbH, ASCAD Anwendersoftware GmbH, and ISI Automation GmbH. On the link road "Am Klingenweg" is the so-called press house in which several publishers have their headquarters, and the new building of ENGEL GmbH with its production of small electric motors, precision rotating parts, and electrical systems.
Wine
Walluf is, like all communities in the Rheingau, a winemaking community with many StraußwirtschaftenStrausse
A Strausse or Strausswirtschaft is a type of wine tavern in winegrowing areas of German-speaking countries that is only open during certain times of the year. Typically it is a pub run by winegrowers and winemakers themselves, in which they sell their own wine directly to the public...
and estate taverns. Vineyard
Vineyard
A vineyard is a plantation of grape-bearing vines, grown mainly for winemaking, but also raisins, table grapes and non-alcoholic grape juice...
s in Walluf include:
- Berg-Bildstock - a 30.5 hectares (75.4 acre) vineyard in the south-southeast
- Gottesacker - a 17 hectares (42 acre) vineyard named after the Rode nunnery, which was founded in 1151.
- Langenstück - a 14 hectares (34.6 acre) vineyard
- Oberberg - located in the south-southeast
- Vitusberg - with 85% Riesling grapevines, it is named for St. Vitus (d. 303)
- Walkenberg - a 29.5 hectares (72.9 acre) vineyard located on the site of the former Wallufbach fulling mill, which operated until 1900
Mainly Riesling
Riesling
Riesling is a white grape variety which originated in the Rhine region of Germany. Riesling is an aromatic grape variety displaying flowery, almost perfumed, aromas as well as high acidity. It is used to make dry, semi-sweet, sweet and sparkling white wines. Riesling wines are usually varietally...
grapes are grown, but there are also Pinot noir
Pinot Noir
Pinot noir is a black wine grape variety of the species Vitis vinifera. The name may also refer to wines created predominantly from Pinot noir grapes...
, Pinot blanc
Pinot Blanc
Pinot blanc is a white wine grape. It is a point genetic mutation of Pinot noir. Pinot noir is genetically unstable and will occasionally experience a point mutation in which a vine bears all black fruit except for one cane which produced white fruit....
, and other grape varieties. Walluf wines are of outstanding quality, but are overshadowed by the much more widely known wines from the neighbouring town of Eltville
Eltville
Eltville am Rhein is a town in the Rheingau-Taunus-Kreis in the Regierungsbezirk of Darmstadt in Hesse, Germany. It is located on the German Half-Timbered House Road ....
. Among the better known winemakers or wine estates are Weingut Becker, Weingut Mehl, Weingut Russler, Weingut Klerner und Erben, Weingut Scherer and Weingut Bug, some of which also run Straußwirtschaften or estate taverns, in which is served the wine, together with typical Rheingau dishes.
Community council
The municipal election held on 26 March 2006 yielded the following results:| Parties and voter communities | % 2006 |
Seats 2006 |
% 2001 |
Seats 2001 |
|
| SPD | Social Democratic Party of Germany Social Democratic Party of Germany The Social Democratic Party of Germany is a social-democratic political party in Germany... |
38.9 | 11 | 39.0 | 12 |
| CDU | Christian Democratic Union of Germany | 33.2 | 10 | 33.7 | 11 |
| BVW | Bürgervereinigung Walluf (Citizens Association of Walluf) | 21.2 | 6 | 20.5 | 6 |
| FDP | Free Democratic Party Free Democratic Party (Germany) The Free Democratic Party , abbreviated to FDP, is a centre-right classical liberal political party in Germany. It is led by Philipp Rösler and currently serves as the junior coalition partner to the Union in the German federal government... |
6.7 | 2 | 6.8 | 2 |
| Total | 100.0 | 29 | 100.0 | 31 | |
| Voter turnout in % | 51.5 | 57.1 | |||
Bürgermeister
The current mayor (German Bürgermeister) of Walluf is Manfred Kohl of the Social Democratic PartySocial Democratic Party of Germany
The Social Democratic Party of Germany is a social-democratic political party in Germany...
. First elected on April 14, 2002, he was re-elected to another six-year term on April 13, 2008. Running without opposition, he received 92.6% of the vote with an election turnout
Voter turnout
Voter turnout is the percentage of eligible voters who cast a ballot in an election . After increasing for many decades, there has been a trend of decreasing voter turnout in most established democracies since the 1960s...
of 42.9%. Mr. Kohl succeeded the directly-elected mayors Heinz Spiekermann (Christian Democratic Union, elected May 29, 1994) and Jürgen Knode (CDU, elected September 22, 1996).
Culture and sightseeing
Storks
Breeding in the nature conservation area between Walluf and Wiesbaden-SchiersteinWiesbaden-Schierstein
Schierstein is a southwestern borough of Wiesbaden, capital of state of Hesse, Germany. First mentioned in historical records in 860, Schierstein was incorporated into Wiesbaden in 1926. Today the borough has about 10,000 residents...
are 50 white stork
White Stork
The White Stork is a large bird in the stork family Ciconiidae. Its plumage is mainly white, with black on its wings. Adults have long red legs and long pointed red beaks, and measure on average from beak tip to end of tail, with a wingspan...
pairs, which inhabit Walluf and the surrounding area. These were reinstated here by the Schiersteiner Storchengemeinschaft (“Schierstein Stork Association”).
Wallufer Turmburg
The remains of the Wallufer Turmburg (castle tower) are on the eastern outskirts of Niederwalluf, consisting of not much more than the foundation of a square tower. One well-preserved section of wall is about 10 metres (32.8 ft) long and 2.2 metres (7.2 ft) thick. Excavations in the area of the castle have indicated that was built in about the 10th century for protection against NormanNormans
The Normans were the people who gave their name to Normandy, a region in northern France. They were descended from Norse Viking conquerors of the territory and the native population of Frankish and Gallo-Roman stock...
attacks. Potshards found at the site date to the sixth to ninth centuries. The castle was surrounded by a wall and the tower itself was probably surrounded by a moat. The castle tower was destroyed around 1200 and in 1263 came into possession of Frank von Wiesbaden. It is not known whether the castle tower still stood at this time, but the Knights of Landau
Landau
Landau or Landau in der Pfalz is an autonomous city surrounded by the Südliche Weinstraße district of southern Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It is a university town , a long-standing cultural centre, and a market and shopping town, surrounded by vineyards and wine-growing villages of the...
already were based about 2 km away at the Hof Armada in Frauenstein
Wiesbaden-Frauenstein
Frauenstein is the western-most borough of the city of Wiesbaden, located in the Rhine Main Area near Frankfurt and capital of the federal state of Hesse, Germany. The borough has a population of approximately 2,400. The formerly independent village was incorporated into Wiesbaden in 1928.The...
. Today, the site is open year-round to visitors and is occasionally used for choir concerts and church services.
Johanniskirche (Church of St. John)
The first structure was built by the inhabitants of the nearby castle tower, which dates to the 10th century and lies only a few meters southeast of the church. Built in approximately the year 1000, the original church consisted of a small hall, about 5.8 m (19 ft) by 10 m (32.8 ft), with an attached square choir (or possibly a tower). It was about 1.8 m (5.9 ft) below the current ground level. The stones of this level have a red color that is evidence of a fire, in which the first church was obviously badly damaged.
In the 12th century (about 1197), the church had apparently become too small and an extension was added on the north end. To connect this addition with the original church, two arched gateways were broken through the northern wall. The stones around these gateways were not laid in conjunction with the original wall, but rather were built onto the old stones. The brighter color of the stones suggests that the arches had been broken through the wall after the fire.
The latest building dates to the 14th century. The original church had apparently been destroyed and was rebuilt, this time at the present ground level. The arches were again closed, but the floor area of the church was increased in the southwest and the walls made higher. Above the level of the first two buildings, one can see finely carved gray stones, which came from a quarry in Oppenheim and had apparently been taken from the castle tower (which had been destroyed around 1220). The last building initially had circular windows. Their irregular outbreak traces are evident in the high Gothic windows, which were built later (around 1500 to 1508).
The building served Niederwalluf as the parish church until the 18th century, even though, by this time, the village itself had migrated to the west, on the other side of the Wallufbach. In the mid-18th century, the people of Niederwalluf built a new chapel, the Adelheidkapelle, in the center of the village and dedicated it also to St. John the Baptist. The altars and artistic objects from the old parish church were transferred there. From the beginning of the 19th century, the original church, badly damaged in the war of 1793-95, was abandoned. It served only as a barn and ice cellar.
In his sketch book of 1813, the Mainz painter Caspar Schneider (1755–1839) portrayed the Church of St. John's in a westward-looking view of Niederwalluf. In the foreground of the sketch is a rubble mound under which the castle tower is buried. The small church is in a ruined state. A remainder of the plaster can also be discerned on north interior wall and the outer walls and the late Gothic tracery of the window is only partially damaged. A high arch is shown in the east wall. It had been made for a choir addition that was never completed and had been only sealed with a temporary wall of inferior construction until the church’s destruction. The sketch also shows the remains of part of the high steep roof, which had once been crowned by a small bell tower.
It was probably the Johanniskirche which Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe was a German writer, pictorial artist, biologist, theoretical physicist, and polymath. He is considered the supreme genius of modern German literature. His works span the fields of poetry, drama, prose, philosophy, and science. His Faust has been called the greatest long...
described in 1814, during a visit to the Rheingau: "Nearby there is a ruined chapel, which sits on a green mat with its green ivy-covered walls standing wonderfully clean, simple and pleasant."
Dr. Ferdinand Kutsch (1889–1972), director of the Museum Wiesbaden, conducted excavations in the area of the Johanniskirche in 1931 and 1932. Buried remains of the old castle tower were rediscovered and the previously unknown architectural history of the church was reconstructed.
Some restoration of the church was done in the 1970s. In 2000, at the initiative of Elmar Lorey, the Kulturinitiative Alte Johanniskirche eV (Old St. John's Church Culture Initiative) was founded to organize events for enrichment of the cultural life of Walluf. The town rehabilitated the Johanniskirche remains for use as a cultural event venue. A line of dark stones in the newly introduced floor shows the course of the first structure’s walls. Outside the north wall, another line of paving stones indicates the walls of the second construction.
Churches
Currently there are two Roman Catholic churches in Walluf (one in Niederwalluf and one in Oberwalluf) and one Protestant church in Niederwalluf.- Church of St. John the BaptistJohn the BaptistJohn the Baptist was an itinerant preacher and a major religious figure mentioned in the Canonical gospels. He is described in the Gospel of Luke as a relative of Jesus, who led a movement of baptism at the Jordan River...
(St. Johannes der Täufer), Niederwalluf - Documentary evidence shows that the dedication of the present church was in 1314. The foundations of the church are GothicGothic architectureGothic architecture is a style of architecture that flourished during the high and late medieval period. It evolved from Romanesque architecture and was succeeded by Renaissance architecture....
. The oldest part of the church is the chancelChancelIn church architecture, the chancel is the space around the altar in the sanctuary at the liturgical east end of a traditional Christian church building...
, which probably goes back to the Adelheid (nobility) chapel built in the 13th century. The Adelheid chapel probably originally extended right and left one street over, on a street which is still named "Kirchgasse" today.
- Between 1648 and 1649, the Adelheid chapel was extended on side of the church facing the village, up to where a small annex now stands. In 1718 there was another widening of the church, in which the three windows on the Rhine-facing side were added. Two of the windows bear an inscription with the year of construction that indicates the work was overseen by Peter Kirn. Inside the church on the same side there is a marble panel, which also names Kirn as overseer of the construction which added to the area of the existing church by a third. The last addition was completed in 1954-55 after plans of the architects Paul and Fritz Johannbroer.
- The BaroqueBaroqueThe Baroque is a period and the style that used exaggerated motion and clear, easily interpreted detail to produce drama, tension, exuberance, and grandeur in sculpture, painting, literature, dance, and music...
high altar was probably a later gift, since it is too high for the Gothic chancel. On the two sides were altars to the Virgin Mary and St. Joseph dating to 1659 and 1661, respectively. St. Joseph is the patron saint of Niederwalluf. Until the beginning of the 20th century, a wooden figure of Mary treading on the SerpentSerpent (Bible)Serpent is the term used to translate a variety of words in the Hebrew bible, the most common being , , the generic word for "snake"....
stood in the Marian altarLady chapelA Lady chapel, also called Mary chapel or Marian chapel, is a traditional English term for a chapel inside a cathedral, basilica, or large church dedicated to the Blessed Virgin Mary...
. Until 1907, a Baroque figure with Joseph with the Child stood in the Joseph’s altar. When the statue of Mary was replaced by a portrayal of her as mother with her child, the figure of Joseph was replaced by one without the child. The two older figures, together with one of St. Nicholas, are still visible on podiums at the Rhine side of the church.
- The pulpit dates to 1603. On its panel is a depiction of a marsh alive with vipersAesculapian SnakeThe Aesculapian Snake is a nonvenomous snake native to Europe.-Description:They hatch at around 30 cm and average at around 110 cm but can grow up to 200 cm . They are dark, long, slender, and shiny...
- the crest of Niederwalluf. Over the crest are three flowers and the year 1576. The old baptismal font also dates to 1603. The two paintings "Birth of Christ" and "Presentation of the Lord" are works of Rhenish peasant art. The school and dating of the painting "Assumption of MaryAssumption of MaryAccording to the belief of Christians of the Roman Catholic Church, Eastern Orthodoxy, Oriental Orthodoxy, and parts of the Anglican Communion and Continuing Anglicanism, the Assumption of Mary was the bodily taking up of the Virgin Mary into Heaven at the end of her life...
into Heaven" can not be ascertained. The Wooden PietàPietàThe Pietà is a subject in Christian art depicting the Virgin Mary cradling the dead body of Jesus, most often found in sculpture. As such, it is a particular form of the Lamentation of Christ, a scene from the Passion of Christ found in cycles of the Life of Christ...
has stood since about 1700. On its back is the emblem of the Crusaders. The church received new windows in 1968. The organ was built in 1978 by the Förster & Nicolaus Company.
- Church of Saint Martin, Oberwalluf - The parish of St. MartinMartin of ToursMartin of Tours was a Bishop of Tours whose shrine became a famous stopping-point for pilgrims on the road to Santiago de Compostela. Around his name much legendary material accrued, and he has become one of the most familiar and recognizable Christian saints...
in Oberwalluf has, since 1803, possessed a valuable relic: the Bußgewand (penance garment) of St. Elizabeth of Thuringia. The Bußgewand, made from coarse linen, dates back to 1225 and according to legend was a gift to Elizabeth from Francis of AssisiFrancis of AssisiSaint Francis of Assisi was an Italian Catholic friar and preacher. He founded the men's Franciscan Order, the women’s Order of St. Clare, and the lay Third Order of Saint Francis. St...
. The church displays it once a year. It had previously been located in the Tiefenthal monastery, after knights of the Teutonic Order (who considered Elizabeth their patron saint) had brought the object from MarburgMarburgMarburg is a city in the state of Hesse, Germany, on the River Lahn. It is the main town of the Marburg-Biedenkopf district and its population, as of March 2010, was 79,911.- Founding and early history :...
to the Rheingau. After the secularization of the Tiefenthal monastery, the Bußgewand came to Oberwalluf.
- Church of the Savior (German Heilandskirche) is the house of worship for more than 2100 Protestants in Walluf, Martinsthal and Rauenthal. It was founded in 1902 when Protestants in Oberwalluf and Niederwalluf numbered only 261. Ground was broken on a parcel of land called the "Vorderer Galgengipfel" ("Front Gallows Summit") on May 2, 1902, the 100-year anniversary of the Tolerance Edict of the Rheingau. Construction was completed in just six months and the solemn inauguration was held on October 26 of the same year.
- The architect of the church was Ludwig Hofmann, born in HerbornHerbornHerborn is a historic town on the Dill in the Lahn-Dill district of Hesse in Germany. Before World War I, it was granted its own title as Nassauisches Rothenburg. The symbol or mascot of this town is a bear. Scenic attractions include its half-timbered houses; Herborn is located on the German...
. He described the construction style as “Early Gothic,” which is most recognizable in the big window groups to the left and right. The small church was built for about 200 visitors, 164 in the nave and 30 in the organ loft.
- The walls are made of stone, primarily quartzite from a quarry in SchlangenbadSchlangenbadSchlangenbad is a community in the Rheingau-Taunus-Kreis in the Regierungsbezirk of Darmstadt in Hesse, Germany.- Location :The community, which is a health resort , lies above sea level in a sheltered location on a valley slope on the southern slope of the Taunus from Wiesbaden, from Eltville...
. The edges of the walls, windows and pinnacles are made of yellow and red sandstone. The building materials and style of the towers give it a fortified, castle-like appearance. Inside, the walls are plastered and painted. The original painting was reproduced as part of a thorough renovation in 1993 saw them of the. The painted frieze is crowned with a crenellated band made of tin, again giving the impression of a castle.
- The chancelChancelIn church architecture, the chancel is the space around the altar in the sanctuary at the liturgical east end of a traditional Christian church building...
window depicts the patron of the Church, the Risen Christ. The representation, in the style of the Middle Ages, depicts Jesus as Savior, standing returned from the dead on the stone rolled away from the tomb. All of the windows were restored in 2005.
- The altar, pulpit and baptismal font created by Walluf stoneworkers. The Gothic crucifix above the altar is much older than the church itself, made around 1470 in Oberfranken. The organ was made in 1904 by the Raßmann company in Möttau. For space reasons, the organ loft is only accessible from the outside via a narrow spiral staircase in a stair tower. Three bells hang in the bell tower, ringing daily at 12:00 and 6:00 p.m., in addition to ringing before Sunday services.
Mills
Watermill
A watermill is a structure that uses a water wheel or turbine to drive a mechanical process such as flour, lumber or textile production, or metal shaping .- History :...
s (German Mühle) along the Walluf millrace today recall the community’s early economic development:
- Kirchner-Mühle - The building year is unknown. In 1696, Lieutenant Colonel von Wonsheim was the owner; the leaseholder was Anton Becker. The mill already had two millstones at its disposal and could daily grind ten Malter of grain. In 1699 it was noted as the fourth mill in Walluf’s municipal area. Later owners were the Baroness von Boos, née von Greiffenclau in 1775 and the Count of Eltz in 1798. In 1799, Johann Boltner bought the mill at auction, and the leaseholders that followed were Adam Farfort in 1822, Heinrich Zimmermann in 1839, and his widow and son Heinrich in 1854. Johann Kirchner acquired the property in 1877 and ran a sawmill there. Various business operations followed. After the Wilde tooth factory was closed, the community of Walluf acquired the property, on which the town hall is now found.
- Bug-Mühle - This mill was built before 1393. It was mentioned as the middle mill at Niederwalluf and earlier had belonged to Dyle Welker von Königstein. St. Peter’s Monastery in Mainz let the mill in 1393 to Heicze, called von dem Berge (“From the Mountain”), and Arnold von Montabaur. Both were weavers. In 1696, the mill was outfitted as a tanning mill. Ownership was held by Hartmann Scheider, a tanner from Mainz. In 1711, Nikolaus Behringer acquired the property from Baumann’s heirs. The mill was then converted into a flour mill. In 1818, Wendel Bug appeared in a document as the mill’s owner. Since this time, the mill has been in the Bug family’s ownership. Until 1905, it was outfitted as a gristmill. As one of the few intact mills on the Walluf millrace, the Bug Mill still has an operational waterwheel.
- Hild-Mühle (Mühle der Schönen Künste) - Built in 1715 by the miller Johann Koch from KiedrichKiedrichKiedrich is a community in the Rheingau-Taunus-Kreis in the Regierungsbezirk of Darmstadt in Hesse, Germany.- Location :The community lies in the Rheingau on the south slope of the Taunus, some 2 km north of the town of Eltville am Rhein and 3 km from the banks of the Rhine.- Neighbouring...
, this mill has at its disposal two millwheels and a husking mill. In 1746, Johann Backhaus was mentioned as the miller. In 1799, St. Peter’s Monastery in Mainz sold the mill to Peter Wilhelm Arnet. A bakehouse was mentioned as being here for the first time in 1822. Ownership changed hands in quick succession: 1828 Georg Kindlinger, 1832 Johann Gehm, and 1855 miller and baker Johann Arnet. By marriage into the family, ownership of the mill property passed to Caspar J. Hild. As of 1920 and until after the Second World War, a breadmaking operation was run here. Milling came to an end about 1940. The property, now under protection as a monument, was abandoned for many years and fell into disrepair. Today the Mühle der Schönen Künste (“Mill of Fine Arts”) is a place for cultural events.
- Weller-Mühle - The building year is unknown. In 1699 a tanning mill was mentioned. This had earlier been a cloth fulling mill and was converted into a leather mill by Peter Fritz. In 1711 it was converted yet again into a gristmill. In 1716 it was in the Senft family’s ownership and in 1718 it passed to Friedrich Kippenberger. Later, the mill was mentioned as being owned by the Specht noble family and it passed into the Körber family’s ownership. In 1818 it was being run by G. Friedrich Körber. In 1855 the mill had at its disposal two millstones with a running time of about six months. Milling came to an end about 1880. By marriage into the family, ownership of the property passed in 1912 to Michael Weller and later to the Jost family.
- Arnet-Mühle - Earlier names for this mill were, for example, Lerchi´sche Mühle, Kurfürsten-Mühle and Israels-Mühle. As early as the 13th century, a mill was mentioned in Oberwalluf. In 1662, Elector Johann Phillip von Mainz acquired the mill from Anna Kunigunde von Heynenberg. It had a fulling and milling operation. The property lay outside the Gebück (border fortification). For a long time, the fulling mill was run by Mainz woollen weavers. In 1701, a miller named Kritter took over the mill and outfitted it with a fulling and flour mill, two millstones and a husking mill. In 1745, Andreas Israel bought the mill at auction and in 1755, Peter Bischof became the owner. In this time the mill was converted into an oil and flour mill. Johann Fieder took the mill over in 1794. By marriage into the family, the mill property passed to Georg Josef Arnet, whose family still owns the mill today.
- Diefenbach-Mühle - The exact building year is unknown. In 1671 it was mentioned as belonging to the JunkerJunkerA Junker was a member of the landed nobility of Prussia and eastern Germany. These families were mostly part of the German Uradel and carried on the colonization and Christianization of the northeastern European territories during the medieval Ostsiedlung. The abbreviation of Junker is Jkr...
Molsberger from Bodenheim. It lay in the Flecken beim Backofen (“Spot Near the Oven”) in the Lindau court district, and had the distinction of being the only mill on the Wallufbach that had an undershot waterwheel, meaning that it could not run in times of high water. About 1850 or 1860, the master carpenter Diefenbach acquired the mill and used the waterpower to run his woodworking machines. The water for running the mill was brought to the mill through a separate race from the Wallufbach. The waterwheel was found at the back of the building. After changing ownership, the mill was eventually acquired by the Jansen family as a residential and business building in 1957.
- Dickescheidt-Mühle - Mentioned as early as about 1200, this is likely the oldest flour mill in the Walluf valley. In 1274, the mill was recorded in the Mainz Cathedral Foundation’s records as a mill with a bakehouse. In 1321 it passed from Saint Peter’s Monastery in Mainz to the resident knight from Lindau. By marriage into the family, the mill passed into the hands of the Knights of Goroth in the early 17th century. For centuries, noble families decided the mill’s fate. In the early 19th century, it passed into commoners’ hands (Kron family, about 1818 Paul Korn). The flour mill had at its disposal two millstones with a running time of six months. About 1894 or 1895 came a shift in use to industrial operations. In 1922, Josef Dickescheidt became the new owner. The waterwheel had a diameter of 3.00 m and a breadth of 1.70 m. It performed at about 8 horsepower, and was disused in 1956. The property was torn down in 1978.
Sports
Two football clubs are based in Walluf, SG Walluf 1932 e.V. and FSV Oberwalluf 1951 e.V..As of the 2008-2009 season, SG Walluf competes in the Verbandsliga Hessen-Mitte
Verbandsliga Hessen-Mitte
The Verbandsliga Hessen-Mitte, until 2008 named Landesliga Hessen-Mitte, is currently the 6th tier of the German football league system. Until the introduction of the 3...
(the second-highest level in the state). The club won the league title in 2000, earning promotion to the Oberliga Hessen (now the Hessenliga
Hessenliga
The Hessenliga is the highest football league in the state of Hesse and the Hessian football league system. It is one of eleven Oberligas in German football, the 5th tier of the German football league system. It was, until the introduction of the 3...
). After two seasons in the Oberliga, they were again relegated to the Verbandsliga.
FSV Oberwalluf competes in the Rheingau-Taunus-Kreis Kreisliga A. Both clubs play at the sporting ground in the Johannisfeld on the Rhine.
Famous residents
Walluf is hometown to the comic character “Karl - der Spätlesereiter”, a legendary character in the story of how SpätleseSpätlese
Spätlese is a German wine term for a wine from fully ripe grapes, the lightest of the late harvest wines. Spätlese is a riper category than Kabinett in the Prädikatswein category of the German wine classification and is the lowest level of Prädikatswein in Austria, where Kabinett is classified in...
wines began.
External links
- Community’s official webpage
- Painting of Niederwalluf, from J.F. Dielmann, A. Fay, J. Becker (Zeichner): F.C. Vogels Panorama des Rheins, Bilder des rechten und linken Rheinufers, Lithographische Anstalt F.C. Vogel, Frankfurt 1833.