Uncial 0321
Encyclopedia
Uncial 0321 ε 2 (Soden), is a Greek uncial
manuscript
of the New Testament
, dated paleographically
to the 5th century. The manuscript has survived in very fragmentary condition.
14:13-16.19-23; 24:37-25:1.32-45 on 3 parchment leaves (20 cm by 15.5 cm). The text is written in two columns per page, 27 lines per page.
The uncial letters are written separately, without breathings (rough breathing, smooth breathing) and accents. The initial letters are written on the margin. There is a punctuation and signs of interrogative. It does not use Iota subscript
um. The errors of itacism occur rarely, it uses N ephelkystikon, the abbreviations are used rarely. The text is divided according to the (chapters), whose numbers are given at the margin.
It is a palimpsest
, the upper text was written in the 10th century in Georgian
language it contains calendar.
The Greek text of this codex
is mixed, influenced by the Byzantine text-type
. Aland
and Barbara Aland
placed it in Category III.
by Constantin von Tischendorf
. Gregory catalogued it as Uncial 067
on his list. After re-examination made by Pasquale Orsini
it is clear that it is different manuscript.
In 2010 it was catalogued by the INTF separately as 0321.
The manuscript was examined by Tischendorf, who edited its text in 1846. It was also examined and described by Eduard de Muralt
, Kurt Treu
, and recently by Pasquale Orsini.
It is currently housed at the Russian National Library
(Suppl. Gr. 6 III, fol. 10-12) in Saint Petersburg
.
Uncial
Uncial is a majuscule script commonly used from the 3rd to 8th centuries AD by Latin and Greek scribes. Uncial letters are written in either Greek, Latin, or Gothic.-Development:...
manuscript
Manuscript
A manuscript or handwrite is written information that has been manually created by someone or some people, such as a hand-written letter, as opposed to being printed or reproduced some other way...
of the New Testament
New Testament
The New Testament is the second major division of the Christian biblical canon, the first such division being the much longer Old Testament....
, dated paleographically
Palaeography
Palaeography, also spelt paleography is the study of ancient writing. Included in the discipline is the practice of deciphering, reading, and dating historical manuscripts, and the cultural context of writing, including the methods with which writing and books were produced, and the history of...
to the 5th century. The manuscript has survived in very fragmentary condition.
Description
The codex contains a small part of the Gospel of MatthewGospel of Matthew
The Gospel According to Matthew is one of the four canonical gospels, one of the three synoptic gospels, and the first book of the New Testament. It tells of the life, ministry, death, and resurrection of Jesus of Nazareth...
14:13-16.19-23; 24:37-25:1.32-45 on 3 parchment leaves (20 cm by 15.5 cm). The text is written in two columns per page, 27 lines per page.
The uncial letters are written separately, without breathings (rough breathing, smooth breathing) and accents. The initial letters are written on the margin. There is a punctuation and signs of interrogative. It does not use Iota subscript
Iota subscript
Iota subscript in Greek polytonic orthography is a way of writing the letter iota as a small vertical stroke beneath a vowel. It was used in the so-called "long diphthongs" in Ancient Greek, that is, diphthongs the first part of which is a long vowel: and...
um. The errors of itacism occur rarely, it uses N ephelkystikon, the abbreviations are used rarely. The text is divided according to the (chapters), whose numbers are given at the margin.
It is a palimpsest
Palimpsest
A palimpsest is a manuscript page from a scroll or book from which the text has been scraped off and which can be used again. The word "palimpsest" comes through Latin palimpsēstus from Ancient Greek παλίμψηστος originally compounded from πάλιν and ψάω literally meaning “scraped...
, the upper text was written in the 10th century in Georgian
Georgian language
Georgian is the native language of the Georgians and the official language of Georgia, a country in the Caucasus.Georgian is the primary language of about 4 million people in Georgia itself, and of another 500,000 abroad...
language it contains calendar.
The Greek text of this codex
Codex
A codex is a book in the format used for modern books, with multiple quires or gatherings typically bound together and given a cover.Developed by the Romans from wooden writing tablets, its gradual replacement...
is mixed, influenced by the Byzantine text-type
Byzantine text-type
The Byzantine text-type is one of several text-types used in textual criticism to describe the textual character of Greek New Testament manuscripts. It is the form found in the largest number of surviving manuscripts, though not in the oldest...
. Aland
Kurt Aland
Kurt Aland was a German Theologian and Professor of New Testament Research and Church History. He founded the Institut für neutestamentliche Textforschung in Münster and served as its first director for many years...
and Barbara Aland
Barbara Aland
Barbara Aland, née Ehlers is a German theologian and was a Professor of New Testament Research and Church History at Westphalian Wilhelms-University of Münster until 2002.- Biography :...
placed it in Category III.
History
The manuscript is dated on the palaeographical ground to the 5th century. Probably it was brought from SinaiSinai Peninsula
The Sinai Peninsula or Sinai is a triangular peninsula in Egypt about in area. It is situated between the Mediterranean Sea to the north, and the Red Sea to the south, and is the only part of Egyptian territory located in Asia as opposed to Africa, effectively serving as a land bridge between two...
by Constantin von Tischendorf
Constantin von Tischendorf
Lobegott Friedrich Constantin Tischendorf was a noted German Biblical scholar. He deciphered the Codex Ephraemi Rescriptus, a 5th century Greek manuscript of the New Testament, in the 1840s, and rediscovered the Codex Sinaiticus, a 4th century New Testament manuscript, in 1859.Tischendorf...
. Gregory catalogued it as Uncial 067
Uncial 067
Uncial 067 , ε 2 , is a Greek uncial manuscript of the New Testament, dated paleographically to the 6th century.- Description :...
on his list. After re-examination made by Pasquale Orsini
Pasquale Orsini
Pasquale Orsini is an Italian palaeographer, librarian, and Professor from Università di Catania-Siracusa.- Life :Orsini studied at the University of Rome. He was a pupil of prof. Guglielmo Cavallo. He works at the Università di Catania-Siracusa...
it is clear that it is different manuscript.
In 2010 it was catalogued by the INTF separately as 0321.
The manuscript was examined by Tischendorf, who edited its text in 1846. It was also examined and described by Eduard de Muralt
Eduard de Muralt
Eduard de Muralt , Professor of theology, librarian, palaeographer.Born in Bischofszell, as son of Kaspar, a dealer, and of Elizabeth Sprüngli. Studies of theology in Zurich , then of philology and philosophy in Berlin, Jena and Paris. Muralt emigrated to Russia in 1834, took the German Protestant...
, Kurt Treu
Kurt Treu
Kurt Treu , German classical philologist, was a son of a German parson on the island Saaremaa, the largest island of Estonia. In 1940, because of World War II, the Treu family was forced to leave their homeland. Kurt Treu studied in a Gymnasium in Hohensalza. AS levels were studied by him after the...
, and recently by Pasquale Orsini.
It is currently housed at the Russian National Library
Russian National Library
The National Library of Russia in St Petersburg, known as the State Public Saltykov-Shchedrin Library from 1932 to 1992 , is the oldest public library in Russia...
(Suppl. Gr. 6 III, fol. 10-12) in Saint Petersburg
Saint Petersburg
Saint Petersburg is a city and a federal subject of Russia located on the Neva River at the head of the Gulf of Finland on the Baltic Sea...
.
See also
- List of New Testament uncials
- Biblical manuscriptBiblical manuscriptA biblical manuscript is any handwritten copy of a portion of the text of the Bible. The word Bible comes from the Greek biblia ; manuscript comes from Latin manu and scriptum...
- Textual criticismTextual criticismTextual criticism is a branch of literary criticism that is concerned with the identification and removal of transcription errors in the texts of manuscripts...
- Uncial 0322Uncial 0322Uncial 0322 , is a Greek uncial manuscript of the New Testament, dated paleographically to the 8th or 9th century.- Description :...
Further reading
- Constantin von TischendorfConstantin von TischendorfLobegott Friedrich Constantin Tischendorf was a noted German Biblical scholar. He deciphered the Codex Ephraemi Rescriptus, a 5th century Greek manuscript of the New Testament, in the 1840s, and rediscovered the Codex Sinaiticus, a 4th century New Testament manuscript, in 1859.Tischendorf...
, Monumenta sacra et profana I (Leipzig: 1846), pp. XIII-XIX, 3-34. - Kurt TreuKurt TreuKurt Treu , German classical philologist, was a son of a German parson on the island Saaremaa, the largest island of Estonia. In 1940, because of World War II, the Treu family was forced to leave their homeland. Kurt Treu studied in a Gymnasium in Hohensalza. AS levels were studied by him after the...
, Die Griechischen Handschriften des Neuen Testaments in der USSR; eine systematische Auswertung des Texthandschriften in Leningrad, Moskau, Kiev, Odessa, Tbilisi und Erevan, T & U 91 (Berlin: 1966), pp. 23–24. - Eduard de MuraltEduard de MuraltEduard de Muralt , Professor of theology, librarian, palaeographer.Born in Bischofszell, as son of Kaspar, a dealer, and of Elizabeth Sprüngli. Studies of theology in Zurich , then of philology and philosophy in Berlin, Jena and Paris. Muralt emigrated to Russia in 1834, took the German Protestant...
, Catalogue des manuscrits grecs de la Bibliothèque Impériale publique (Petersburg 1864), pp. 4–5. - P. Orsini, Manoscritti in maiuscola biblica. Materiali per un aggiornamento, Cassino, Edizioni dell’Università degli Studi di Cassino, 2005 (Collana scientifica, Studi Archeologici, Artistici, Filologici, Letterari e Storici, 7).
External links
- Uncial 0321 at the Leuven Database of Ancient BooksLeuven Database of Ancient BooksLeuven Database of Ancient Books , a resource for all ancient documents in the online. It currently lists more than 16.000 Greek, Latin, Coptic, and Demotic literary texts. It "attempts to collect the basic information on all ancient literary texts". It included authors from Homer to Gregory the...