Rules of Engagement (TV series)
Encyclopedia
Rules of Engagement is a sitcom that debuted on CBS
CBS
CBS Broadcasting Inc. is a major US commercial broadcasting television network, which started as a radio network. The name is derived from the initials of the network's former name, Columbia Broadcasting System. The network is sometimes referred to as the "Eye Network" in reference to the shape of...

 on February 5, 2007, as a midseason replacement
Midseason replacement
In American and Canadian television, a midseason replacement is a television series that premieres in the second half of the traditional television season, usually between January and May...

, immediately following Two and a Half Men
Two and a Half Men
Two and a Half Men is an American television sitcom that premiered on CBS on September 22, 2003. Starring Charlie Sheen, Jon Cryer, and Angus T. Jones, the show was originally about a hedonistic jingle writer, Charlie Harper; his uptight brother, Alan; and Alan's growing son, Jake...

, in the time slot that was occupied by now-cancelled The New Adventures of Old Christine
The New Adventures of Old Christine
The New Adventures of Old Christine is an American comedy series starring Julia Louis-Dreyfus which ran for five seasons on CBS from March 13, 2006, to May 12, 2010...

(9:30–10:00pm). The series is produced by Adam Sandler
Adam Sandler
Adam Richard Sandler is an American actor, comedian, screenwriter, musician, and film producer.After becoming a Saturday Night Live cast member, Sandler went on to star in several Hollywood feature films that grossed over $100 million at the box office...

's Happy Madison
Happy Madison
Happy Madison Productions is an American film/television production company founded by actor/comedian Adam Sandler in 1999 that is best known for comedy films. Happy Madison takes its name from the films Happy Gilmore and Billy Madison, two box office successes starring Sandler himself, both...

 Productions in association with CBS Television Studios and Sony Pictures Television
Sony Pictures Television
Sony Pictures Television, Inc. is an American and global television production/distribution subsidiary of Sony Pictures Entertainment. In turn, the latter is part of the Japanese conglomerate Sony.-Background:...

 (SPT controls North American rights; CBS controls international rights).

On May 17, 2011, CBS
CBS
CBS Broadcasting Inc. is a major US commercial broadcasting television network, which started as a radio network. The name is derived from the initials of the network's former name, Columbia Broadcasting System. The network is sometimes referred to as the "Eye Network" in reference to the shape of...

 renewed Rules of Engagement for a sixth season, which premiered on October 20, 2011.

Premise

Two couples and their single friend deal with the complications of dating, commitment and marriage. It looks at different relationships in various stages, starring Oliver Hudson
Oliver Hudson
Oliver Rutledge Hudson is an American actor. He is the son of Goldie Hawn and Bill Hudson, and brother of Kate Hudson...

 and Bianca Kajlich
Bianca Kajlich
Bianca Maria Kajlich is an American actress. Kajlich has had starring and supporting roles in television and film; she currently plays Jennifer on the CBS comedy Rules of Engagement.-Early life:...

 as newly engaged sweethearts, Patrick Warburton
Patrick Warburton
Patrick John Warburton is an American actor of television, film, and voice. He is best known for his several TV roles, including the title role of The Tick, David Puddy on Seinfeld, the evil Johnny Johnson on NewsRadio, and anchorman Jeb Denton on Less Than Perfect...

 and Megyn Price
Megyn Price
Megyn Price is an American actress. She is best known for her roles as Claudia Finnerty on the sitcom Grounded for Life and Audrey Bingham on the CBS sitcom Rules of Engagement.- Biography:...

 as a long-married couple, and David Spade
David Spade
David Wayne Spade is an American actor, comedian and television personality who first became famous in the 1990s as a cast member on Saturday Night Live, and from 1997 until 2003 when he starred as Dennis Finch on Just Shoot Me!. He also starred as C.J...

 as their still-single friend. They often gather to enjoy a meal at "The Island Diner." The show features writers from the Emmy Award
Emmy Award
An Emmy Award, often referred to simply as the Emmy, is a television production award, similar in nature to the Peabody Awards but more focused on entertainment, and is considered the television equivalent to the Academy Awards and the Grammy Awards .A majority of Emmys are presented in various...

-winning Everybody Loves Raymond
Everybody Loves Raymond
Everybody Loves Raymond is an American television sitcom that originally ran on CBS from September 13, 1996, to May 16, 2005. Many of the situations from the show are based on the real-life experiences of lead actor Ray Romano, creator/producer Phil Rosenthal and the show's writing staff...

.

History

The show was heavily promoted by CBS during Super Bowl XLI
Super Bowl XLI
Super Bowl XLI was an American football game that featured the American Football Conference champion Indianapolis Colts and the National Football Conference champion Chicago Bears to decide the National Football League champion for the 2006 season...

  and launched the following night, the first of seven episodes in its first season. The pilot episode remains the highest rated episode of the show. The series was renewed for a second season which began as a midseason replacement
Midseason replacement
In American and Canadian television, a midseason replacement is a television series that premieres in the second half of the traditional television season, usually between January and May...

 for The New Adventures of Old Christine
The New Adventures of Old Christine
The New Adventures of Old Christine is an American comedy series starring Julia Louis-Dreyfus which ran for five seasons on CBS from March 13, 2006, to May 12, 2010...

on Monday, September 24, 2007, with production halted after nine episodes on November 6, 2007, in the wake of a writers' strike. After the strike ended, CBS announced that the show would return April 14, 2008, with a further six episodes.

Seasons three and four were both mid-season entries launched in March 2009 and March 2010. On May 18, 2010, it was announced that CBS had renewed Rules of Engagement for a 5th season. It was later announced that this season would start in September, in contrast to its usual midseason start, and received an expanded 24-episode order. (The fifth season was the first to have a full-season order.) The first 15 episodes aired on Monday nights, usually in the 8:30 pm Eastern/7:30 pm Central time slot following How I Met Your Mother
How I Met Your Mother
How I Met Your Mother is an American sitcom that premiered on CBS on September 19, 2005, created by Craig Thomas and Carter Bays.As a framing device, the main character, Ted Mosby with narration by Bob Saget, in the year 2030 recounts to his son and daughter the events that led to his meeting...

. Then on February 24, 2011, the series moved to Thursdays at 8:30 pm Eastern/7:30 pm Central, following The Big Bang Theory
The Big Bang Theory
The Big Bang Theory is an American sitcom created by Chuck Lorre and Bill Prady, both of whom serve as executive producers on the show, along with Steven Molaro. All three also serve as head writers...

, after the cancellation of $h*! My Dad Says.

On May 17, 2011, the series was renewed for a sixth season to begin airing in fall 2011. One day later, CBS announced that Rules of Engagement would move to Saturday nights at 8:00 pm Eastern/7:00 pm Central as part of the network's new Comedytime Saturday
Comedytime Saturday
Comedytime Saturday is the official branding for a one-hour programming block that began with the 2011–12 United States network television schedule on CBS between 8 and 9 p.m. ET/PT on Saturday nights. The branding is only listed by industry sources as a placeholder for the time slot, and not as an...

block; the first time in six years that an original CBS program would air on that night. It also marked the fourth night that the series would air on, with it previously airing on Mondays, Wednesdays (two airings), and Thursdays. On October 7, 2011, however, it was announced that Rules of Engagement would move back to its 8:30PM EST Thursday timeslot following The Big Bang Theory
The Big Bang Theory
The Big Bang Theory is an American sitcom created by Chuck Lorre and Bill Prady, both of whom serve as executive producers on the show, along with Steven Molaro. All three also serve as head writers...

, replacing new sitcom How to Be a Gentleman
How to Be a Gentleman
How to Be a Gentleman is an American sitcom, which ran on CBS from Thursday, September 29, 2011 to October 15, 2011. Lead actor David Hornsby created the series, adapting the nonfiction book of the same name by John Bridges....

which was moved to the new Saturday time slot.

Main characters

  • Patrick Warburton
    Patrick Warburton
    Patrick John Warburton is an American actor of television, film, and voice. He is best known for his several TV roles, including the title role of The Tick, David Puddy on Seinfeld, the evil Johnny Johnson on NewsRadio, and anchorman Jeb Denton on Less Than Perfect...

     as Jeff Bingham, a financial manager and overly-macho husband of Audrey. He loves sports and shuns anything that might resemble sensitivity. He is also careful with his money, and tries to discourage Audrey from overspending while planning for their future.
  • Megyn Price
    Megyn Price
    Megyn Price is an American actress. She is best known for her roles as Claudia Finnerty on the sitcom Grounded for Life and Audrey Bingham on the CBS sitcom Rules of Engagement.- Biography:...

     as Audrey Bingham (nee Curtis), an advertising
    Advertising
    Advertising is a form of communication used to persuade an audience to take some action with respect to products, ideas, or services. Most commonly, the desired result is to drive consumer behavior with respect to a commercial offering, although political and ideological advertising is also common...

     professional and the stubborn, extravagant wife of Jeff.
  • Oliver Hudson
    Oliver Hudson
    Oliver Rutledge Hudson is an American actor. He is the son of Goldie Hawn and Bill Hudson, and brother of Kate Hudson...

     as Adam Rhodes, a handsome, sensitive and extremely naive co-worker of Russell and Timmy, and Jennifer's fiance. He is a neighbor of Jeff and Audrey.
  • Bianca Kajlich
    Bianca Kajlich
    Bianca Maria Kajlich is an American actress. Kajlich has had starring and supporting roles in television and film; she currently plays Jennifer on the CBS comedy Rules of Engagement.-Early life:...

     as Jennifer Morgan, the beautiful and charismatic live-in fiancee of Adam, who endures his faults because of his good looks and underlying good nature.
  • David Spade
    David Spade
    David Wayne Spade is an American actor, comedian and television personality who first became famous in the 1990s as a cast member on Saturday Night Live, and from 1997 until 2003 when he starred as Dennis Finch on Just Shoot Me!. He also starred as C.J...

     as Russell Dunbar, a shallow, womanizing single friend of the main characters. He is also an inept manager where Adam and Timmy work. It is revealed that he only has the job because of his wealthy father.
  • Adhir Kalyan
    Adhir Kalyan
    Adhir Kalyan is a South African actor noted for his role in the CBS sitcom Rules of Engagement.-Early years:Adhir was born in Durban, South Africa to an Indian South African family...

     as Timmy (recurring Season 3; regular cast Season 4-), an immigrant from India
    India
    India , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...

     (by way of South Africa
    South Africa
    The Republic of South Africa is a country in southern Africa. Located at the southern tip of Africa, it is divided into nine provinces, with of coastline on the Atlantic and Indian oceans...

    ) and Russell's assistant. He is often the reluctant go-to guy for solving Russell's problems.

Major recurring characters

  • Diane Sellers as Doreen, waitress at The Island Diner.
  • Wendi McLendon-Covey
    Wendi McLendon-Covey
    Wendi McLendon-Covey is an American actress, writer, producer and comedian. She is known for roles on television shows, such as Reno 911! and Rules of Engagement . She is also known for her role in the 2011 hit film Bridesmaids.-Personal life:McLendon-Covey was born Wendy Anne McLendon in...

     as Liz Dunbar, an unlikeable neighbor who lives directly upstairs from Jeff and Audrey; as of Season 6 she is the wife of Russell.
  • Sara Rue
    Sara Rue
    Sara Rue is an American television actress. She is best known for the roles she played as Carmen Ferrara on the comedy-drama Popular and Claude Casey on the sitcom Less Than Perfect. She is also known as a spokesperson for Jenny Craig...

     as Brenda, Jeff’s lesbian softball
    Softball
    Softball is a bat-and-ball sport played between two teams of 10 to 14 players. It is a direct descendant of baseball although there are some key differences: softballs are larger than baseballs, and the pitches are thrown underhand rather than overhand...

     teammate who agrees to be a surrogate mother for Audrey and Jeff.
  • Nazneen Contractor
    Nazneen Contractor
    Nazneen Contractor is a Canadian film actress, best known for her role as Layla Hourani on CBC's The Border, and, more recently, as Kayla Hassan on 24 .She married fellow Canadian actor and 24 co-star Carlo Rota on April 1, 2010...

     as Suneetha, Timmy’s fiancée in an arranged marriage, who becomes an object of Russell’s affections.
  • Susan Yeagley
    Susan Yeagley
    Susan Melinda Yeagley is an American actress.-Personal life:Yeagley married fellow actor Kevin Nealon on September 3, 2005 in Bellagio, Italy. She gave birth to their first child, son Gable Ness Nealon, on January 29, 2007 in Santa Monica, California...

     as Tracy, a man-hungry co-worker of Audrey’s.
  • Taryn Southern
    Taryn Southern
    Taryn Southern is an American singer, actress and comedian. She was part of American Idol season three's Top 50. Southern gained national attention with her video Hot4Hill during the 2008 Presidential race...

     as Allison, the object of Timmy's affections, which blossoms into an intra-office romance.
  • Geoff Pierson
    Geoff Pierson
    Geoff Pierson is an American actor known for his role on The WB series Unhappily Ever After as Jack Malloy, the father of a dysfunctional family whose best friend is a stuffed animal rabbit named Mr. Floppy...

     as Franklin Dunbar, Russell's wealthy, lecherous father.

Timeslot

  • Season 1: Mondays 9:30PM
  • Season 2: Mondays 9:30PM
  • Season 3: Mondays 8:30PM
  • Season 4: Mondays 8:30PM
  • Season 5: Mondays 8:30PM (September 20, 2010 - February 7, 2011)
    Thursdays 8:30PM (February 24, 2011 - May 19, 2011)
  • Season 6: Thursdays 8:30PM

Seasonal ratings

Season TV Season Season Premiere Season Finale Rank Viewers
(in millions)
1 2006–2007 February 5, 2007 March 19, 2007 #36 12.4
2 2007–2008 September 24, 2007 May 19, 2008 #33 10.9
3 2008–2009 March 2, 2009 May 18, 2009 #23 11.4
4 2009–2010 March 1, 2010 May 24, 2010 #47 8.5
5 2010–2011 September 20, 2010 May 19, 2011 #43 8.7
6 2011-2012 October 20, 2011

Syndication

In June 2011, it was reported that the series has been picked up for syndication by Lifetime and WGN America, to premiere in the fall of 2012.

DVD releases

Sony Pictures Home Entertainment
Sony Pictures Home Entertainment
Sony Pictures Home Entertainment is the home video distribution arm of Sony Pictures Entertainment, a subsidiary of Sony Corporation. It was established in November 1979 as Columbia Pictures Home Entertainment, releasing 20 titles: The Anderson Tapes, Bell, Book and Candle, Born Free, Breakout,...

 owns the rights to release DVDs in Region 1 - so far, the first four seasons are available.

Paramount Pictures
Paramount Pictures
Paramount Pictures Corporation is an American film production and distribution company, located at 5555 Melrose Avenue in Hollywood. Founded in 1912 and currently owned by media conglomerate Viacom, it is America's oldest existing film studio; it is also the last major film studio still...

, in conjunction with CBS Home Entertainment, will start releasing the series on DVD internationally in 2011. Season One was released in the UK (Region 2 DVD) on April 4th 2011
DVD nameRelease dateEp #
The Complete First Season September 4, 2007 7
The Complete Second Season October 14, 2008 15
The Complete Third Season September 14, 2010 13
The Complete Fourth Season January 11, 2011 13
The Complete Fifth Season TBA 24

International broadcasters

Country Network Series Premiere Timeslot
Network Ten
Network Ten
Network Ten , is one of Australia's three major commercial television networks. Owned-and-operated stations can be found in Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, Adelaide and Perth, while affiliates extend the network to cover most of the country...

, TV1
TV1
TV1 may refer to:* TV1 , Australian cable and satellite television channel* TV One , New Zealand television network* TV1 , defunct Estonian television channel* TV1 , Lithuanian television channel...

 
February 13, 2008 & 2010 Sunday 7:00 PM, Wednesdays 7.30pm
RTRS 
Fox Life
Fox Life
Fox Life is a television network, launched by the Fox Broadcasting Company, which airs across Latin America, Europe and Japan . Its basic programming include numerous television series, sitcoms and movies, among others, which includes some original programming in certain regions...

 
Wednesday 21:00 PM
Citytv
Citytv
Citytv is a Canadian English language television system owned and operated by Rogers Communications under its Rogers Broadcasting Ltd. division...

 
February 5, 2007 Monday 9:30 PM
Fox Life
Fox Life
Fox Life is a television network, launched by the Fox Broadcasting Company, which airs across Latin America, Europe and Japan . Its basic programming include numerous television series, sitcoms and movies, among others, which includes some original programming in certain regions...

 
TV2  Fridays, 02:00 PM
M6  April 1, 2011 Monday - Friday 10:15 PM
kabel eins  November 12, 2009 between seasons
STAR World
STAR World
STAR World is an Asian English language cable and satellite television network owned by Star TV and Fox International Channels, fully owned subsidiaries of News Corporation. The channel is the successor of STAR Plus, a subsidiary of News Corporation...

 
Monday - Friday, 11:00 PM, (repeat next day) 1:00 PM
RTE 2  Saturdays, 00:30
Xtra HOT
HOT family/yes stars Base 
2007
January 4, 2009
Unknown
Sundays, 8:15 PM, 11:45 PM
Italia 1
Italia 1
Italia 1 is an Italian commercial television channel on the Mediaset network. It is oriented especially at young people.Italia 1 was launched in January 1982 and, originally, was owned by Rusconi; after a few months, however, due to the aggressive dumping practices of Silvio Berlusconi's rival...

 
June 21, 2009 Saturdays & Sundays, 1:00 PM
Latin America
Latin America
Latin America is a region of the Americas where Romance languages  – particularly Spanish and Portuguese, and variably French – are primarily spoken. Latin America has an area of approximately 21,069,500 km² , almost 3.9% of the Earth's surface or 14.1% of its land surface area...

 
Sony Entertainment Television
Sony Entertainment Television (Latin America)
Sony Entertainment Television, commonly shortened to Canal Sony , is a general entertainment channel co-based in Perú, Chile, Venezuela, Brazil and Miami, Florida, United States. It airs in 26 countries in Latin America, and is owned by Sony Pictures Entertainment...

1
Mondays, 10:30 PM
Veronica  Monday - Friday, 7:10 PM
FOUR  Tuesdays, 8:00 PM
TV 2 Zebra  Weekdays, 5:45 PM
Fox Life
Fox Life
Fox Life is a television network, launched by the Fox Broadcasting Company, which airs across Latin America, Europe and Japan . Its basic programming include numerous television series, sitcoms and movies, among others, which includes some original programming in certain regions...

 
Sony Entertainment Television
Sony Entertainment Television (Latin America)
Sony Entertainment Television, commonly shortened to Canal Sony , is a general entertainment channel co-based in Perú, Chile, Venezuela, Brazil and Miami, Florida, United States. It airs in 26 countries in Latin America, and is owned by Sony Pictures Entertainment...

 
Mondays, 12.00 AM
Comedy Central Polska
Comedy Central Polska
Comedy Central Poland is a Polish language channel focusing on comedy which was launched on October 19, 2006. It was the first channel outside the United States to use the Comedy Central name and the fourth channel launched by MTV Networks International in Poland.The channel broadcasts some local...

 
January 6, 2008 Fridays, 9:00 PM
SET
Sony Entertainment Television
Sony Entertainment Television is a series of general entertainment television channels, owned by Sony Pictures Television. At least 9 International versions of this channel exist:*Sony Entertainment Television Asia...

 
Mondays, 10:25pm WET/9:25pm (in Azores)
POP TV
POP TV
POP TV is a Slovenian commercial television station operated by the multi-media company PRO PLUS d.o.o.It is a TV channel with the highest ratings in Slovenia , and at the same time the most popular and trustworthy...

 
2008 Weekends
Fox Life
Fox Life
Fox Life is a television network, launched by the Fox Broadcasting Company, which airs across Latin America, Europe and Japan . Its basic programming include numerous television series, sitcoms and movies, among others, which includes some original programming in certain regions...

, Nacionalna 
July 7, 2009 Weekends
SABC 3
SABC 3
SABC3 is a commercial South African Broadcasting Corporation television channel that carries programming in English and, as of April 2009, Afrikaans....

 
Mondays, 7:30 PM
Paramount Comedy
Paramount Comedy (Spain)
Paramount Comedy is a channel available in Spain through satellite platform Digital+, ADSL TV Imagenio and cable services. It is owned by Viacom....

, FDF
FDF Telecinco
FactoríaDeFicción is a Spanish television channel operated by Gestevisión Telecinco. The channel runs 24 hours a day in the Spanish language. The service airs fictional series from Telecinco and many films...

 
Thursdays, 11:15 PM
Kanal 5
Kanal 5 (Sweden)
Kanal 5 is a Swedish commercial television channel established in 1989. It is owned by the media corporation ProSiebenSat.1 Media.After a troublesome 1990s, Kanal 5 launched new strategies in the early 2000s that established it as a popular entertainment channel targeting young people...

 
Tuesdays, 10:00 PM
SF zwei  September 9, 2011 Tuesday - Friday, 7:30 PM
True Series
True Series
True Series is a Thai television channel owned and produced by TrueVisions. It features series, lifestyle programs and reality shows from around the world. Most of the shows air in their original English language audio with subtitles in Thai but there are also some dubbed shows...

 
Tuesdays, 9:00 PM
ComedyMax
ComedyMax
ComedyMax is a television channel in Turkey, which broadcasts worldwide hit TV series as Turkish subtitled. It is exclusively available for Digiturk satellite package subscribers.-Shows:Some of the shows on ComedyMax:...

 
Weekdays, 08:00 PM
Star World
STAR World
STAR World is an Asian English language cable and satellite television network owned by Star TV and Fox International Channels, fully owned subsidiaries of News Corporation. The channel is the successor of STAR Plus, a subsidiary of News Corporation...

 
Weekdays, 07:35 PM
Viasat3  12 May 2010 Weekdays, 07:25 (replay) and 07.55 PM
Comedy Central UK
E4 
Saturday 7:00 PM
Weekdays, 4.30PM
Fox Life
Fox Life
Fox Life is a television network, launched by the Fox Broadcasting Company, which airs across Latin America, Europe and Japan . Its basic programming include numerous television series, sitcoms and movies, among others, which includes some original programming in certain regions...

 
Weekdays, 05:05 PM (replay) and 07.55 AM, 09.30 AM

1 Rights in Argentina
Argentina
Argentina , officially the Argentine Republic , is the second largest country in South America by land area, after Brazil. It is constituted as a federation of 23 provinces and an autonomous city, Buenos Aires...

, Bolivia
Bolivia
Bolivia officially known as Plurinational State of Bolivia , is a landlocked country in central South America. It is the poorest country in South America...

, Brazil
Brazil
Brazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population with over 192 million people...

, Chile
Chile
Chile ,officially the Republic of Chile , is a country in South America occupying a long, narrow coastal strip between the Andes mountains to the east and the Pacific Ocean to the west. It borders Peru to the north, Bolivia to the northeast, Argentina to the east, and the Drake Passage in the far...

, Colombia
Colombia
Colombia, officially the Republic of Colombia , is a unitary constitutional republic comprising thirty-two departments. The country is located in northwestern South America, bordered to the east by Venezuela and Brazil; to the south by Ecuador and Peru; to the north by the Caribbean Sea; to the...

, Costa Rica
Costa Rica
Costa Rica , officially the Republic of Costa Rica is a multilingual, multiethnic and multicultural country in Central America, bordered by Nicaragua to the north, Panama to the southeast, the Pacific Ocean to the west and the Caribbean Sea to the east....

, Dominican Republic
Dominican Republic
The Dominican Republic is a nation on the island of La Hispaniola, part of the Greater Antilles archipelago in the Caribbean region. The western third of the island is occupied by the nation of Haiti, making Hispaniola one of two Caribbean islands that are shared by two countries...

, Ecuador
Ecuador
Ecuador , officially the Republic of Ecuador is a representative democratic republic in South America, bordered by Colombia on the north, Peru on the east and south, and by the Pacific Ocean to the west. It is one of only two countries in South America, along with Chile, that do not have a border...

, El Salvador
El Salvador
El Salvador or simply Salvador is the smallest and the most densely populated country in Central America. The country's capital city and largest city is San Salvador; Santa Ana and San Miguel are also important cultural and commercial centers in the country and in all of Central America...

, Guatemala
Guatemala
Guatemala is a country in Central America bordered by Mexico to the north and west, the Pacific Ocean to the southwest, Belize to the northeast, the Caribbean to the east, and Honduras and El Salvador to the southeast...

, Honduras
Honduras
Honduras is a republic in Central America. It was previously known as Spanish Honduras to differentiate it from British Honduras, which became the modern-day state of Belize...

, Mexico
Mexico
The United Mexican States , commonly known as Mexico , is a federal constitutional republic in North America. It is bordered on the north by the United States; on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of...

, Nicaragua
Nicaragua
Nicaragua is the largest country in the Central American American isthmus, bordered by Honduras to the north and Costa Rica to the south. The country is situated between 11 and 14 degrees north of the Equator in the Northern Hemisphere, which places it entirely within the tropics. The Pacific Ocean...

, Panama
Panama
Panama , officially the Republic of Panama , is the southernmost country of Central America. Situated on the isthmus connecting North and South America, it is bordered by Costa Rica to the northwest, Colombia to the southeast, the Caribbean Sea to the north and the Pacific Ocean to the south. The...

, Paraguay
Paraguay
Paraguay , officially the Republic of Paraguay , is a landlocked country in South America. It is bordered by Argentina to the south and southwest, Brazil to the east and northeast, and Bolivia to the northwest. Paraguay lies on both banks of the Paraguay River, which runs through the center of the...

, Peru
Peru
Peru , officially the Republic of Peru , is a country in western South America. It is bordered on the north by Ecuador and Colombia, on the east by Brazil, on the southeast by Bolivia, on the south by Chile, and on the west by the Pacific Ocean....

, Uruguay
Uruguay
Uruguay ,officially the Oriental Republic of Uruguay,sometimes the Eastern Republic of Uruguay; ) is a country in the southeastern part of South America. It is home to some 3.5 million people, of whom 1.8 million live in the capital Montevideo and its metropolitan area...

 and Venezuela
Venezuela
Venezuela , officially called the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela , is a tropical country on the northern coast of South America. It borders Colombia to the west, Guyana to the east, and Brazil to the south...

.

External links

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