List of underground newspapers
Encyclopedia

Arizona

  • Bandersnatch, Tempe, Arizona
    Tempe, Arizona
    Tempe is a city in Maricopa County, Arizona, USA, with the Census Bureau reporting a 2010 population of 161,719. The city is named after the Vale of Tempe in Greece. Tempe is located in the East Valley section of metropolitan Phoenix; it is bordered by Phoenix and Guadalupe on the west, Scottsdale...

    , 1968-1969
  • Butterfield Express, Tucson, Arizona
    Tucson, Arizona
    Tucson is a city in and the county seat of Pima County, Arizona, United States. The city is located 118 miles southeast of Phoenix and 60 miles north of the U.S.-Mexico border. The 2010 United States Census puts the city's population at 520,116 with a metropolitan area population at 1,020,200...

  • Druid Free Press, Tempe, Arizona
    Tempe, Arizona
    Tempe is a city in Maricopa County, Arizona, USA, with the Census Bureau reporting a 2010 population of 161,719. The city is named after the Vale of Tempe in Greece. Tempe is located in the East Valley section of metropolitan Phoenix; it is bordered by Phoenix and Guadalupe on the west, Scottsdale...

    , 1969
  • Rebirth
    Rebirth (newspaper)
    Rebirth was a short-lived hippie underground newspaper in Phoenix, Arizona, which published nine biweekly and weekly issues between May 20, 1969 and August 1969...

    , Phoenix, Arizona
    Phoenix, Arizona
    Phoenix is the capital, and largest city, of the U.S. state of Arizona, as well as the sixth most populated city in the United States. Phoenix is home to 1,445,632 people according to the official 2010 U.S. Census Bureau data...

    , 1969

California

  • Berkeley Barb
    Berkeley Barb
    The Berkeley Barb was a weekly underground newspaper that was published in Berkeley, California, from 1965 to 1980. It was one of the first and most influential of the counterculture newspapers of the late 1960s, covering such subjects as the anti-war and civil-rights movements as well as the...

    , Berkeley, California
    Berkeley, California
    Berkeley is a city on the east shore of the San Francisco Bay in Northern California, United States. Its neighbors to the south are the cities of Oakland and Emeryville. To the north is the city of Albany and the unincorporated community of Kensington...

    , 1965-1980
  • Berkeley Tribe
    Berkeley Tribe
    The Berkeley Tribe was a radical counterculture underground newspaper published in Berkeley, California from 1969 to 1972. After a staff dispute with publisher Max Scherr split the Berkeley Barb in July 1969, about 40 members of the Barb staff resigned and started the Tribe as a rival paper, after...

    , Berkeley, California
    Berkeley, California
    Berkeley is a city on the east shore of the San Francisco Bay in Northern California, United States. Its neighbors to the south are the cities of Oakland and Emeryville. To the north is the city of Albany and the unincorporated community of Kensington...

    , 1969-1972 (splintered from the Berkeley Barb)
  • The Black Panther, Oakland, California
    Oakland, California
    Oakland is a major West Coast port city on San Francisco Bay in the U.S. state of California. It is the eighth-largest city in the state with a 2010 population of 390,724...

  • Dock of the Bay, San Francisco, California
    San Francisco, California
    San Francisco , officially the City and County of San Francisco, is the financial, cultural, and transportation center of the San Francisco Bay Area, a region of 7.15 million people which includes San Jose and Oakland...

  • Free Spaghetti Dinner, Santa Cruz, California
    Santa Cruz, California
    Santa Cruz is the county seat and largest city of Santa Cruz County, California in the US. As of the 2010 U.S. Census, Santa Cruz had a total population of 59,946...

  • Good Times
    San Francisco Express Times
    San Francisco Express Times was a counterculture tabloid underground newspaper edited by Marvin Garson and published weekly in San Francisco, California from January 24, 1968 to March 25, 1969, for a total of 62 issues, covering and promoting radical politics, rock music, arts and progressive...

    , San Francisco, California
    San Francisco, California
    San Francisco , officially the City and County of San Francisco, is the financial, cultural, and transportation center of the San Francisco Bay Area, a region of 7.15 million people which includes San Jose and Oakland...

    , 1969-1972 (formerly San Francisco Express-Times)
  • Haight Ashbury Free Press, San Francisco, California
    San Francisco, California
    San Francisco , officially the City and County of San Francisco, is the financial, cultural, and transportation center of the San Francisco Bay Area, a region of 7.15 million people which includes San Jose and Oakland...

  • Haight Ashbury Tribune, San Francisco, California
    San Francisco, California
    San Francisco , officially the City and County of San Francisco, is the financial, cultural, and transportation center of the San Francisco Bay Area, a region of 7.15 million people which includes San Jose and Oakland...

     (at least 16 issues)
  • Illustrated Paper
    Illustrated Paper
    Illustrated Paper was a monthly psychedelic underground newspaper published in Mendocino, California from June 1966 to April 1967. Initially issued under the title The Paper, it became the Illustrated Paper with its third issue. Philip A. Bianchi and Walter D. Wells were the editors...

    , Mendocino, California
    Mendocino, California
    Mendocino is a census-designated place in Mendocino County, California, United States. Mendocino is located south of Fort Bragg, at an elevation of 154 feet...

    , 1966-1967
  • Long Beach Free Press, Long Beach, California
    Long Beach, California
    Long Beach is a city situated in Los Angeles County in Southern California, on the Pacific coast of the United States. The city is the 36th-largest city in the nation and the seventh-largest in California. As of 2010, its population was 462,257...

  • Los Angeles Free Press
    Los Angeles Free Press
    The Los Angeles Free Press , also called “the Freep”, was among the most widely distributed underground newspapers of the 1960s. It is often cited as the first such newspaper...

    , Los Angeles, California
    Los Angeles, California
    Los Angeles , with a population at the 2010 United States Census of 3,792,621, is the most populous city in California, USA and the second most populous in the United States, after New York City. It has an area of , and is located in Southern California...

    , 1964-1978 (new series 2005–ongoing)
  • Los Angeles Staff, Los Angeles, California
    Los Angeles, California
    Los Angeles , with a population at the 2010 United States Census of 3,792,621, is the most populous city in California, USA and the second most populous in the United States, after New York City. It has an area of , and is located in Southern California...

     (splintered from
    Los Angeles Free Press)
  • Northcoast Ripsaw, Eureka, California
    Eureka, California
    Eureka is the principal city and the county seat of Humboldt County, California, United States. Its population was 27,191 at the 2010 census, up from 26,128 at the 2000 census....

  • OB Rag, Ocean Park, California
  • Open City
    Open City (newspaper)
    Open City was a weekly underground newspaper published in Los Angeles by avant-garde journalist John Bryan from May 6, 1967 to April 1969. It was noted for its coverage of radical politics, rock music, psychedelic culture and the "Notes of a Dirty Old Man" column by Charles Bukowski.-Founder:John...

    , Los Angeles, California
    Los Angeles, California
    Los Angeles , with a population at the 2010 United States Census of 3,792,621, is the most populous city in California, USA and the second most populous in the United States, after New York City. It has an area of , and is located in Southern California...

    , 1967-1969
  • Oracle of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
    Los Angeles, California
    Los Angeles , with a population at the 2010 United States Census of 3,792,621, is the most populous city in California, USA and the second most populous in the United States, after New York City. It has an area of , and is located in Southern California...

  • The Organ, Fresno, California
    Fresno, California
    Fresno is a city in central California, United States, the county seat of Fresno County. As of the 2010 census, the city's population was 510,365, making it the fifth largest city in California, the largest inland city in California, and the 34th largest in the nation...

    , 1968
  • The Organ
    The Organ (newspaper)
    The Organ was a US counterculture underground newspaper which produced a total of 9 irregularly published issues in San Francisco in a 36-page folded tabloid format between July 1970 and July 1971. It featured two-color covers, black-and-white interiors and a double-page poster in each issue, and...

    , San Francisco, California
    San Francisco, California
    San Francisco , officially the City and County of San Francisco, is the financial, cultural, and transportation center of the San Francisco Bay Area, a region of 7.15 million people which includes San Jose and Oakland...

    , 1970-1971
  • Peninsula Observer
    Peninsula Observer
    The Peninsula Observer was an underground newspaper published in Palo Alto, California from July 7, 1967 to November 1969. Co-founded by Barry Greenberg and David Ransom, it was produced by Stanford graduate students opposed to the war in Vietnam, along with community members and others....

    , Palo Alto, California
    Palo Alto, California
    Palo Alto is a California charter city located in the northwest corner of Santa Clara County, in the San Francisco Bay Area of California, United States. The city shares its borders with East Palo Alto, Mountain View, Los Altos, Los Altos Hills, Stanford, Portola Valley, and Menlo Park. It is...

  • San Diego Door
    The San Diego Door
    The San Diego Door, was an underground newspaper that thrived in 1960s San Diego, California, United States. Alongside the San Diego Street Journal , it dominated the underground genre...

    , San Diego, California
    San Diego, California
    San Diego is the eighth-largest city in the United States and second-largest city in California. The city is located on the coast of the Pacific Ocean in Southern California, immediately adjacent to the Mexican border. The birthplace of California, San Diego is known for its mild year-round...

    , 1966-1970 (formerly
    Good Morning, Teaspoon)
  • San Diego Free Press
    San Diego Free Press
    The San Diego Free Press was an underground newspaper founded by philosophy students of Herbert Marcuse at the University of California, San Diego in November 1968, and published under that title biweekly until December 1969, when it became the weekly Street Journal starting with its 29th issue...

    , San Diego, California
    San Diego, California
    San Diego is the eighth-largest city in the United States and second-largest city in California. The city is located on the coast of the Pacific Ocean in Southern California, immediately adjacent to the Mexican border. The birthplace of California, San Diego is known for its mild year-round...

     1968-1970 (changed name to
    San Diego Street Journal)
  • San Francisco Oracle
    San Francisco Oracle
    The Oracle of the City of San Francisco, also known as the San Francisco Oracle, was an underground newspaper published in 12 issues from September 20, 1966, to February 1968 in the Haight-Ashbury neighborhood of that city...

    , San Francisco, California
    San Francisco, California
    San Francisco , officially the City and County of San Francisco, is the financial, cultural, and transportation center of the San Francisco Bay Area, a region of 7.15 million people which includes San Jose and Oakland...

    , 1966-1968
  • San Francisco Express Times
    San Francisco Express Times
    San Francisco Express Times was a counterculture tabloid underground newspaper edited by Marvin Garson and published weekly in San Francisco, California from January 24, 1968 to March 25, 1969, for a total of 62 issues, covering and promoting radical politics, rock music, arts and progressive...

    , San Francisco, California
    San Francisco, California
    San Francisco , officially the City and County of San Francisco, is the financial, cultural, and transportation center of the San Francisco Bay Area, a region of 7.15 million people which includes San Jose and Oakland...

    , 1968-1969 (changed name to
    Good Times)
  • San Jose Maverick
    San Jose Maverick
    San Jose Maverick was an underground newspaper published in San Jose, California monthly from Feb. 1969 to Fall 1970. A total of 16 issues were published, in a tabloid format. Connected with the Bay Area Revolutionary Union and its local faction headed by Stanford University English professor H...

    , San Jose, California
    San Jose, California
    San Jose is the third-largest city in California, the tenth-largest in the U.S., and the county seat of Santa Clara County which is located at the southern end of San Francisco Bay...

  • San Jose Red Eye, San Jose, California
    San Jose, California
    San Jose is the third-largest city in California, the tenth-largest in the U.S., and the county seat of Santa Clara County which is located at the southern end of San Francisco Bay...

  • Seventy-Nine Cent Spread, Carmel, California
  • Stockton Silver Hammer, Stockton, California
    Stockton, California
    Stockton, California, the seat of San Joaquin County, is the fourth-largest city in the Central Valley of the U.S. state of California. With a population of 291,707 at the 2010 census, Stockton ranks as this state's 13th largest city...

  • Tuesday's Child
    Tuesday's Child (newspaper)
    Tuesday's Child was a brief-lived counterculture underground newspaper published in Los Angeles, California starting Nov. 11, 1969. Self-described on its masthead as "An ecumenical, educational newspaper for the Los Angeles occult & underground," it was founded by Los Angeles Free Press reporter...

    , Los Angeles, California
    Los Angeles, California
    Los Angeles , with a population at the 2010 United States Census of 3,792,621, is the most populous city in California, USA and the second most populous in the United States, after New York City. It has an area of , and is located in Southern California...

    , 1969-1970

Colorado

  • Chinook
    Chinook (newspaper)
    Chinook was a counterculture underground newspaper published weekly in Denver, Colorado from Aug. 21, 1969 to Jan. 21, 1972. It was a member of the Underground Press Syndicate. A total of 117 issues were printed...

    , Denver, Colorado
    Denver, Colorado
    The City and County of Denver is the capital and the most populous city of the U.S. state of Colorado. Denver is a consolidated city-county, located in the South Platte River Valley on the western edge of the High Plains just east of the Front Range of the Rocky Mountains...

    , 1969-1972
  • Mountain Free Press, Denver, Colorado
    Denver, Colorado
    The City and County of Denver is the capital and the most populous city of the U.S. state of Colorado. Denver is a consolidated city-county, located in the South Platte River Valley on the western edge of the High Plains just east of the Front Range of the Rocky Mountains...


Connecticut

  • Hartford's Other Voice, Hartford, CT
  • View from the Bottom, New Haven, CT

District of Columbia

  • Washington Free Press
    Washington Free Press
    The Washington Free Press was a biweekly radical underground newspaper published in Washington, DC, beginning in 1966, when it was founded by representatives of the five colleges in Washington as a community paper for local Movement people. It was an early member of the Underground Press Syndicate....

    , Washington, DC
  • Quicksilver Times
    Quicksilver Times
    Quicksilver Times was an antiwar, counterculture underground newspaper published in Washington, DC. Its first issue was dated June 16, 1969, with Terry Becker Jr., a former college newspaper editor and reporter for the Newhouse News Service, the main instigator in the founding group of antiwar...

    , Washington, DC, 1969-1972

Florida

  • Amazing Grace, Tallahassee, Florida
    Tallahassee, Florida
    Tallahassee is the capital of the U.S. state of Florida. It is the county seat and only incorporated municipality in Leon County, and is the 128th largest city in the United States. Tallahassee became the capital of Florida, then the Florida Territory, in 1824. In 2010, the population recorded by...

  • Bay Area Free Press, Tampa, Florida
    Tampa, Florida
    Tampa is a city in the U.S. state of Florida. It serves as the county seat for Hillsborough County. Tampa is located on the west coast of Florida. The population of Tampa in 2010 was 335,709....

  • Both Sides Now, Jacksonville, Florida
    Jacksonville, Florida
    Jacksonville is the largest city in the U.S. state of Florida in terms of both population and land area, and the largest city by area in the contiguous United States. It is the county seat of Duval County, with which the city government consolidated in 1968...

  • Daily Planet, Miami, Florida
    Miami, Florida
    Miami is a city located on the Atlantic coast in southeastern Florida and the county seat of Miami-Dade County, the most populous county in Florida and the eighth-most populous county in the United States with a population of 2,500,625...

     (formerly
    Miami Free Press)
  • Fish Cheer, Pensacola, Florida
    Pensacola, Florida
    Pensacola is the westernmost city in the Florida Panhandle and the county seat of Escambia County, Florida, United States of America. As of the 2000 census, the city had a total population of 56,255 and as of 2009, the estimated population was 53,752...

  • The Monocle, Tampa, Florida
    Tampa, Florida
    Tampa is a city in the U.S. state of Florida. It serves as the county seat for Hillsborough County. Tampa is located on the west coast of Florida. The population of Tampa in 2010 was 335,709....


Georgia

  • The Great Speckled Bird
    The Great Speckled Bird (newspaper)
    The Great Speckled Bird was a counterculture underground newspaper based in Atlanta, Georgia from 1968 to 1976. It was founded by New Left activists from Emory University and members of the Southern Student Organizing Committee, an offshoot of SDS. Founding editors included Tom and Stephanie...

    , Atlanta, Georgia
    Atlanta, Georgia
    Atlanta is the capital and most populous city in the U.S. state of Georgia. According to the 2010 census, Atlanta's population is 420,003. Atlanta is the cultural and economic center of the Atlanta metropolitan area, which is home to 5,268,860 people and is the ninth largest metropolitan area in...

    , 1968-1976

Illinois

  • Chicago Seed
    Chicago Seed (Newspaper)
    Seed was an underground newspaper launched by artist Don Lewis and Earl Segal , owner of the Molehole, a local poster shop, and published biweekly in Chicago, Illinois from May 1967 to 1973. Disagreements between Lewis and Segal led to its purchase by Harry Dewar, a graphic designer and Colin...

    , Chicago, Illinois, 1967-1973
  • Chicago Kaleidoscope
    Kaleidoscope (newspaper)
    Kaleidoscope was an underground newspaper, founded by John Kois, radio disk jockey Bob Reitman, and John Sahli , which was published in Milwaukee, Wisconsin from Oct. 6, 1967 to Nov. 11, 1971, printing 105 biweekly issues in all...

    , Chicago, Illinois
  • News from Nowhere, DeKalb, Illinois
    DeKalb, Illinois
    DeKalb is a city in DeKalb County, Illinois, United States. The population was 43,862 at the 2010 census, up from 39,018 at the 2000 census. The city is named after decorated German war hero Johann De Kalb, who died during the American Revolutionary War....

  • Rising Up Angry
    Rising Up Angry
    Rising Up Angry was a militant community organization based in working class communities in Chicago. They published a monthly newspaper also called Rising Up Angry from 1969 to 1975...

    , Chicago, Illinois, 1969-1975
  • Second City, Chicago, Illinois

Indiana

  • Bauls of the Brickyard, West Lafayette, Indiana
    West Lafayette, Indiana
    As of the census of 2010, there were 29,596 people, 12,591 households, and 3,588 families residing in the city. The population density was 5,381.1 people per square mile . The racial makeup of the city was 74.3% White, 17.3% Asian, 2.7% African American, 0.16% Native American, 0.03% Pacific...

    , 1969
  • Grinding Stone, Terre Haute, Indiana
    Terre Haute, Indiana
    Terre Haute is a city and the county seat of Vigo County, Indiana, United States, near the state's western border with Illinois. As of the 2010 census, the city had a total population of 60,785 and its metropolitan area had a population of 170,943. The city is the county seat of Vigo County and...

  • Indianapolis Free Press, Indianapolis, Indiana
    Indianapolis, Indiana
    Indianapolis is the capital of the U.S. state of Indiana, and the county seat of Marion County, Indiana. As of the 2010 United States Census, the city's population is 839,489. It is by far Indiana's largest city and, as of the 2010 U.S...

    , 1969-1970
  • The Spectator, Bloomington, Indiana
    Bloomington, Indiana
    Bloomington is a city in and the county seat of Monroe County in the southern region of the U.S. state of Indiana. The population was 80,405 at the 2010 census....


Iowa

  • Middle Earth
    Middle Earth (newspaper)
    Middle Earth was an underground newspaper published biweekly in Iowa City, Iowa from 1967 to 1968, and edited by David Miller. It hosted the June, 1967 conference of the Underground Press Syndicate, which brought together 80 editors of underground newspapers from around the US and Canada...

    , Iowa City, IA, 1967-1968
  • Pterodactyl, Grinnell, Iowa
    Grinnell, Iowa
    Grinnell is a city in Poweshiek County, Iowa, United States. The population was 9,218 at the 2010 census. Grinnell was named after Josiah Bushnell Grinnell and is the home of Grinnell College.- History :...


Louisiana

  • NOLA Express
    NOLA Express
    NOLA Express is a singular publication started in 1967 in New Orleans as part of the Underground Free Press movement of the 1960s that protested the Vietnam War and other government policies along with social hypocrisies...

    , New Orleans, Louisiana
    New Orleans, Louisiana
    New Orleans is a major United States port and the largest city and metropolitan area in the state of Louisiana. The New Orleans metropolitan area has a population of 1,235,650 as of 2009, the 46th largest in the USA. The New Orleans – Metairie – Bogalusa combined statistical area has a population...

  • The Ungarbled Word, New Orleans, Louisiana
    New Orleans, Louisiana
    New Orleans is a major United States port and the largest city and metropolitan area in the state of Louisiana. The New Orleans metropolitan area has a population of 1,235,650 as of 2009, the 46th largest in the USA. The New Orleans – Metairie – Bogalusa combined statistical area has a population...


Maryland

  • Baltimore Free Press, Baltimore, Maryland, 1968
  • Dragon Seed, Baltimore, Maryland, 1972
  • Harry
    Harry (newspaper)
    Harry was an underground newspaper founded and edited by Michael Carliner and published biweekly in Baltimore, Maryland from 1969 to 1970. A total of 22 issues were published, with an average circulation of 6,000 to 8,000 copies. P. J. O'Rourke was a regular contributor and one of its editors...

    , Baltimore, Maryland, 1969-1970

Massachusetts

  • Avatar, Boston, Massachusetts, 1967-1968
  • Boston Free Press, Boston, MA
  • The Free Press of Springfield, Springfield, Massachusetts
    Springfield, Massachusetts
    Springfield is the most populous city in Western New England, and the seat of Hampden County, Massachusetts, United States. Springfield sits on the eastern bank of the Connecticut River near its confluence with three rivers; the western Westfield River, the eastern Chicopee River, and the eastern...

     (became
    Common Sense in 1969)
  • Mother of Voices, Amherst, Massachusetts
    Amherst, Massachusetts
    Amherst is a town in Hampshire County, Massachusetts, United States in the Connecticut River valley. As of the 2010 census, the population was 37,819, making it the largest community in Hampshire County . The town is home to Amherst College, Hampshire College, and the University of Massachusetts...

  • Old Mole
    Old Mole
    Old Mole was a radical New Left oriented underground newspaper published in Cambridge, Massachusetts from September 1968 to September 1970. Printed biweekly in a 16-page tabloid format, it was based for most of its existence in a storefront and basement office on Brookline Street in Central Square...

    , Cambridge, Massachusetts
    Cambridge, Massachusetts
    Cambridge is a city in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States, in the Greater Boston area. It was named in honor of the University of Cambridge in England, an important center of the Puritan theology embraced by the town's founders. Cambridge is home to two of the world's most prominent...

  • Thursday, Cambridge, Massachusetts
    Cambridge, Massachusetts
    Cambridge is a city in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States, in the Greater Boston area. It was named in honor of the University of Cambridge in England, an important center of the Puritan theology embraced by the town's founders. Cambridge is home to two of the world's most prominent...

  • Worcester Punch, Worcester, Massachusetts
    Worcester, Massachusetts
    Worcester is a city and the county seat of Worcester County, Massachusetts, United States. Named after Worcester, England, as of the 2010 Census the city's population is 181,045, making it the second largest city in New England after Boston....


Michigan

  • Ann Arbor Argus
    Ann Arbor Argus
    Ann Arbor Argus was a radical, counterculture biweekly underground newspaper published in Ann Arbor, Michigan starting Jan. 24, 1969 and lasting until mid-1971. It was founded and edited by underground journalist Ken Kelley , a 19 year old University of Michigan student who lived at the Trans-Love...

    , Ann Arbor, Michigan
    Ann Arbor, Michigan
    Ann Arbor is a city in the U.S. state of Michigan and the county seat of Washtenaw County. The 2010 census places the population at 113,934, making it the sixth largest city in Michigan. The Ann Arbor Metropolitan Statistical Area had a population of 344,791 as of 2010...

    , 1969-1971
  • Fifth Estate, Detroit, Michigan
    Detroit, Michigan
    Detroit is the major city among the primary cultural, financial, and transportation centers in the Metro Detroit area, a region of 5.2 million people. As the seat of Wayne County, the city of Detroit is the largest city in the U.S. state of Michigan and serves as a major port on the Detroit River...

    , 1965-ongoing
  • The Paper
    The Paper (newspaper)
    The Paper was a weekly underground newspaper published in East Lansing, Michigan beginning in December 1965. It was one of the five original founding members of the Underground Press Syndicate. Started by Michigan State University student Michael Kindman as a radical, counterculture alternative to...

    , East Lansing, Michigan
    East Lansing, Michigan
    East Lansing is a city in the U.S. state of Michigan. The city is located directly east of Lansing, Michigan, the state's capital. Most of the city is within Ingham County, though a small portion lies in Clinton County. The population was 48,579 at the time of the 2010 census, an increase from...

  • South End, East Lansing, Michigan
    East Lansing, Michigan
    East Lansing is a city in the U.S. state of Michigan. The city is located directly east of Lansing, Michigan, the state's capital. Most of the city is within Ingham County, though a small portion lies in Clinton County. The population was 48,579 at the time of the 2010 census, an increase from...


Minnesota

  • Hundred Flowers
    Hundred Flowers (newspaper)
    Hundred Flowers was an underground newspaper published in Minneapolis, Minnesota from April 17, 1970 to April 4, 1972. It was produced by a communal collective, with the main instigator being antiwar activist and former Smith College drama instructor Ed Felien...

    , Minneapolis, Minnesota
    Minneapolis, Minnesota
    Minneapolis , nicknamed "City of Lakes" and the "Mill City," is the county seat of Hennepin County, the largest city in the U.S. state of Minnesota, and the 48th largest in the United States...

    , 1970-1972
  • Minneapolis Flag, Minneapolis, Minnesota
    Minneapolis, Minnesota
    Minneapolis , nicknamed "City of Lakes" and the "Mill City," is the county seat of Hennepin County, the largest city in the U.S. state of Minnesota, and the 48th largest in the United States...

    , 1969

Nebraska

  • Buffalo Chip, Omaha, Nebraska
    Omaha, Nebraska
    Omaha is the largest city in the state of Nebraska, United States, and is the county seat of Douglas County. It is located in the Midwestern United States on the Missouri River, about 20 miles north of the mouth of the Platte River...

     (started Dec. 1967)
  • Omaha Kaleidoscope
    Omaha Kaleidoscope
    Omaha Kaleidoscope was a brief-lived countercultural, antiwar underground newspaper published in Omaha, Nebraska in 1971. Edited by Tim Andrews and published monthly in a tabloid format, it was part of the small Kaleidoscope chain of underground newspapers based in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. The first...

    , Omaha, Nebraska
    Omaha, Nebraska
    Omaha is the largest city in the state of Nebraska, United States, and is the county seat of Douglas County. It is located in the Midwestern United States on the Missouri River, about 20 miles north of the mouth of the Platte River...


Nevada

  • Las Vegas Free Press, Las Vegas, Nevada
    Las Vegas, Nevada
    Las Vegas is the most populous city in the U.S. state of Nevada and is also the county seat of Clark County, Nevada. Las Vegas is an internationally renowned major resort city for gambling, shopping, and fine dining. The city bills itself as The Entertainment Capital of the World, and is famous...

  • Love, Reno, Nevada
    Reno, Nevada
    Reno is the county seat of Washoe County, Nevada, United States. The city has a population of about 220,500 and is the most populous Nevada city outside of the Las Vegas metropolitan area...


New Mexico

  • Astral Projection, Albuquerque, New Mexico
    Albuquerque, New Mexico
    Albuquerque is the largest city in the state of New Mexico, United States. It is the county seat of Bernalillo County and is situated in the central part of the state, straddling the Rio Grande. The city population was 545,852 as of the 2010 Census and ranks as the 32nd-largest city in the U.S. As...

  • The Fountain of Light
    Fountain of Light (newspaper)
    Fountain of Light was a hippie underground newspaper of the 1960s published monthly in tabloid format in Taos, New Mexico from 1968 to 1970. At least 14 issues were published before the paper went under in mid-1970. Members of the The Family and Lorien communes outside Taos launched the paper in...

    , Taos, New Mexico
    Taos, New Mexico
    Taos is a town in Taos County in the north-central region of New Mexico, incorporated in 1934. As of the 2000 census, its population was 4,700. Other nearby communities include Ranchos de Taos, Cañon, Taos Canyon, Ranchitos, and El Prado. The town is close to Taos Pueblo, the Native American...

    , 1968-1970
  • The Hips Voice, Santa Fe, New Mexico
    Santa Fe, New Mexico
    Santa Fe is the capital of the U.S. state of New Mexico. It is the fourth-largest city in the state and is the seat of . Santa Fe had a population of 67,947 in the 2010 census...


New York

  • East Village Other
    East Village Other
    The East Village Other , was an American underground newspaper in New York City, New York, published biweekly during the 1960s. EVO was among the first countercultural newspapers to emerge, following the Los Angeles Free Press, which had begun publishing a few months earlier...

    , New York, New York, 1965-1972
  • New York Ace
    New York Ace
    New York Ace was an underground newspaper founded in New York City in late 1971 by ex-East Village Other staffers to fill the void created by the demise of the EVO. Ace was published by 21 year old Rex Weiner and edited by 18 year old Bob Singer. Staffers included P.J. O'Rourke, Tom Forcade, A.J....

    , New York, NY, 1971-1972
  • New York Avatar, New York, New York
  • New York Free Press, New York, New York
  • Other Scenes (dispatched from various locations around the world)
  • Rat Subterranean News, New York, New York, 1968-1970 (later Women's LibeRATion)

North Carolina

  • The Anvil
    North Carolina Anvil
    The North Carolina Anvil was an alternative weekly newspaper, subtitled "a weekly newspaper of politics and the arts," published out of Durham, North Carolina from April 15, 1967 to August 11, 1983.-Origins:...

    , Durham, North Carolina
    Durham, North Carolina
    Durham is a city in the U.S. state of North Carolina. It is the county seat of Durham County and also extends into Wake County. It is the fifth-largest city in the state, and the 85th-largest in the United States by population, with 228,330 residents as of the 2010 United States census...

    , 1967-1983
  • The Inquisition
    The Inquisition (underground newspaper)
    The Inquisition was an underground newspaper produced by high school students and their various friends bi-monthly in Charlotte, North Carolina from April 1968 to late 1969. Inquisition was the first Underground Press Syndicate member from the U.S. South and a member of Liberation News Service...

    , Charlotte, North Carolina
    Charlotte, North Carolina
    Charlotte is the largest city in the U.S. state of North Carolina and the seat of Mecklenburg County. In 2010, Charlotte's population according to the US Census Bureau was 731,424, making it the 17th largest city in the United States based on population. The Charlotte metropolitan area had a 2009...

  • Protean Radish, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
    Chapel Hill, North Carolina
    Chapel Hill is a town in Orange County, North Carolina, United States and the home of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and UNC Health Care...


Ohio

  • The Big Us
    The Big Us
    The Big Us was a radical underground newspaper published in Cleveland, Ohio starting in September, 1968, appearing biweekly in tabloid format. Its politics reflected the views of SDS. Editors were Carol Cohen McEldowney, a 25-year-old SDS organizer and Cleveland welfare caseworker, and Carole...

    , Cleveland, Ohio
    Cleveland, Ohio
    Cleveland is a city in the U.S. state of Ohio and is the county seat of Cuyahoga County, the most populous county in the state. The city is located in northeastern Ohio on the southern shore of Lake Erie, approximately west of the Pennsylvania border...

    , 1968-1970 (changed name to Burning River News)
  • Columbus Free Press
    Columbus Free Press
    The Columbus Free Press is an alternative journal published in Columbus, Ohio since October 11, 1970. This publication originally focused on anti-war and alternative culture issues...

    , Columbus, Ohio
    Columbus, Ohio
    Columbus is the capital of and the largest city in the U.S. state of Ohio. The broader metropolitan area encompasses several counties and is the third largest in Ohio behind those of Cleveland and Cincinnati. Columbus is the third largest city in the American Midwest, and the fifteenth largest city...

    , 1969-ongoing
  • Independent Eye
    Independent Eye
    The Independent Eye is an underground newspaper, founded in Yellow Springs, Ohio in February, 1968. The first four monthly issues were mimeographed pamphlets, and in June 1968 it became a broadsheet. HQ moved to Cincinnati in January 1969...

    , Cincinnati, Ohio
    Cincinnati, Ohio
    Cincinnati is a city in the U.S. state of Ohio. Cincinnati is the county seat of Hamilton County. Settled in 1788, the city is located to north of the Ohio River at the Ohio-Kentucky border, near Indiana. The population within city limits is 296,943 according to the 2010 census, making it Ohio's...

  • New Age, Athens, Ohio
    Athens, Ohio
    Athens is the largest city in, and the county seat of, Athens County, Ohio, United States. It is located along the Hocking River in the southeastern part of Ohio. A historic college town, Athens is home to Ohio University and is the principal city of the Athens, Ohio Micropolitan Statistical Area. ...

  • Queen City Express, Cincinnati, Ohio
    Cincinnati, Ohio
    Cincinnati is a city in the U.S. state of Ohio. Cincinnati is the county seat of Hamilton County. Settled in 1788, the city is located to north of the Ohio River at the Ohio-Kentucky border, near Indiana. The population within city limits is 296,943 according to the 2010 census, making it Ohio's...

  • Razzberry Radicle, Dayton, Ohio
    Dayton, Ohio
    Dayton is the 6th largest city in the U.S. state of Ohio and the county seat of Montgomery County, the fifth most populous county in the state. The population was 141,527 at the 2010 census. The Dayton Metropolitan Statistical Area had a population of 841,502 in the 2010 census...


Oklahoma

  • Home Cookin, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
    Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
    Oklahoma City is the capital and the largest city in the state of Oklahoma. The county seat of Oklahoma County, the city ranks 31st among United States cities in population. The city's population, from the 2010 census, was 579,999, with a metro-area population of 1,252,987 . In 2010, the Oklahoma...

  • Jones Family Grandchildren, Norman, Oklahoma
    Norman, Oklahoma
    Norman is a city in Cleveland County, Oklahoma, United States, and is located south of downtown Oklahoma City. It is part of the Oklahoma City metropolitan area. As of the 2010 census, Norman was to have 110,925 full-time residents, making it the third-largest city in Oklahoma and the...

  • Jones Family Grandchildren II, Stillwater, Oklahoma
    Stillwater, Oklahoma
    Stillwater is a city in north-central Oklahoma at the intersection of U.S. 177 and State Highway 51. It is the county seat of Payne County, Oklahoma, United States. As of the 2010 census, the city population was 45,688. Stillwater is the principal city of the Stillwater Micropolitan Statistical...

  • Osmosis
    Osmosis
    Osmosis is the movement of solvent molecules through a selectively permeable membrane into a region of higher solute concentration, aiming to equalize the solute concentrations on the two sides...

    , Tulsa, Oklahoma
    Tulsa, Oklahoma
    Tulsa is the second-largest city in the state of Oklahoma and 46th-largest city in the United States. With a population of 391,906 as of the 2010 census, it is the principal municipality of the Tulsa Metropolitan Area, a region with 937,478 residents in the MSA and 988,454 in the CSA. Tulsa's...

    , 1972

Oregon

  • Willamette Bridge
    Willamette Bridge
    Willamette Bridge was a radical underground newspaper published in Portland, Oregon from June 7, 1968 to June 24, 1971. It was a member of the Underground Press Syndicate and the Liberation News Service. Printed in a tabloid format and initially biweekly, starting in 1969 it appeared on a weekly...

    , Portland, Oregon
    Portland, Oregon
    Portland is a city located in the Pacific Northwest, near the confluence of the Willamette and Columbia rivers in the U.S. state of Oregon. As of the 2010 Census, it had a population of 583,776, making it the 29th most populous city in the United States...

    , 1968-1971
  • Eugene Augur
    Eugene Augur
    The Eugene Augur was a local countercultural underground newspaper published in Eugene, Oregon, United States, from 1969 to 1974. Starting with its first issue dated October 14, 1969, the Augur, produced by a cooperative of left-wing political activists aligned with the antiwar movement, appeared...

    , Eugene, Oregon
    Eugene, Oregon
    Eugene is the second largest city in the U.S. state of Oregon and the seat of Lane County. It is located at the south end of the Willamette Valley, at the confluence of the McKenzie and Willamette rivers, about east of the Oregon Coast.As of the 2010 U.S...

    , 1969-1972

Pennsylvania

  • Distant Drummer
    Distant Drummer
    Distant Drummer was a 1960s counterculture underground newspaper published in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania from November 1967 to August 1979. It changed titles twice: from October 2, 1970 to August 12, 1971 it was Thursday's Drummer, and subsequently it was known simply as The Drummer until its...

    , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
    Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
    Philadelphia is the largest city in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania and the county seat of Philadelphia County, with which it is coterminous. The city is located in the Northeastern United States along the Delaware and Schuylkill rivers. It is the fifth-most-populous city in the United States,...

    , 1970-1979 (changed name to The Drummer)
  • Yarrowstalks, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
    Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
    Philadelphia is the largest city in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania and the county seat of Philadelphia County, with which it is coterminous. The city is located in the Northeastern United States along the Delaware and Schuylkill rivers. It is the fifth-most-populous city in the United States,...

  • Philadelphia Free Press
    Philadelphia Free Press
    Philadelphia Free Press was a 1960's era underground newspaper published biweekly in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania from 1968 to 1972. Originally launched at Temple University in May 1968 as the monthly Temple Free Press, it separated from Temple and became the Philadelphia Free Press in September...

    , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
    Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
    Philadelphia is the largest city in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania and the county seat of Philadelphia County, with which it is coterminous. The city is located in the Northeastern United States along the Delaware and Schuylkill rivers. It is the fifth-most-populous city in the United States,...

    , 1968-1972
  • Pittsburgh Fair Witness
    Pittsburgh Fair Witness
    Pittsburgh Fair Witness was a radical counterculture underground newspaper published in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania from 1970 to 1973. The first 9 monthly issues were published starting in February 1970 under the title Grok. Beginning with vol. 1, no. 10 Pittsburgh Fair Witness was a radical...

    , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
    Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
    Pittsburgh is the second-largest city in the US Commonwealth of Pennsylvania and the county seat of Allegheny County. Regionally, it anchors the largest urban area of Appalachia and the Ohio River Valley, and nationally, it is the 22nd-largest urban area in the United States...

    , 1970-1973 (changed name from Grok)
  • Plain Dealer, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
    Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
    Philadelphia is the largest city in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania and the county seat of Philadelphia County, with which it is coterminous. The city is located in the Northeastern United States along the Delaware and Schuylkill rivers. It is the fifth-most-populous city in the United States,...

  • Water Tunnel
    Water tunnel
    Water tunnel may refer to:* Water tunnel , a tunnel used to transport water, typically underground* Qanat water management system...

    , State College, Pennsylvania
    State College, Pennsylvania
    State College is the largest borough in Centre County in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. It is the principal city of the State College, Pennsylvania Metropolitan Statistical Area which encompasses all of Centre County. As of the 2010 census, the borough population was 42,034, and roughly double...


Texas

  • Dallas Notes
    Dallas Notes
    Dallas Notes was a biweekly underground newspaper published in Dallas, Texas from 1967 to 1970, and edited by Stoney Burns , whose father owned a printing company in Dallas...

    , Dallas, Texas
    Dallas, Texas
    Dallas is the third-largest city in Texas and the ninth-largest in the United States. The Dallas-Fort Worth Metroplex is the largest metropolitan area in the South and fourth-largest metropolitan area in the United States...

    , 1967-1970 (originally Notes from the Underground)
  • Space City
    Space City (newspaper)
    Space City was an underground newspaper published in Houston, Texas from June 5, 1969 to August 3, 1972. The founders were SDS veterans and former members of the staff of the Austin, Texas underground newspaper, The Rag, including Thorne Dreyer, Victoria Smith, Cam and Sue Duncan, and Dennis and...

    , Houston, Texas
    Houston, Texas
    Houston is the fourth-largest city in the United States, and the largest city in the state of Texas. According to the 2010 U.S. Census, the city had a population of 2.1 million people within an area of . Houston is the seat of Harris County and the economic center of , which is the ...

    , 1969-1972 (originally Space City News)
  • The Rag
    The Rag
    The Rag was an underground paper published in Austin, Texas from 1966-1977. The sixth member of the Underground Press Syndicate, The Rag was one of the most influential of the early underground papers, known for its unique blend of radical politics, alternative culture and humor.- Early history...

    , Austin, Texas
    Austin, Texas
    Austin is the capital city of the U.S. state of :Texas and the seat of Travis County. Located in Central Texas on the eastern edge of the American Southwest, it is the fourth-largest city in Texas and the 14th most populous city in the United States. It was the third-fastest-growing large city in...

    , 1966-1977

Virginia

  • Alice: Blacksburg Free Press, Blacksburg, Virginia
    Blacksburg, Virginia
    Blacksburg is an incorporated town located in Montgomery County, Virginia, United States, with a population of 42,620 at the 2010 census. Blacksburg, Christiansburg, and Radford are the three principal jurisdictions of the Blacksburg-Christiansburg-Radford Metropolitan Statistical Area which...

  • Richmond Chronicle
    Richmond Chronicle (underground newspaper)
    Richmond Chronicle was an underground newspaper published in Richmond, Virginia. It had no connection to earlier papers published in Richmond bearing the same name. Launched in the summer of 1969 as the official publication of the Free University of Richmond, it was published semi-monthly, with...

    , Richmond, Virginia
    Richmond, Virginia
    Richmond is the capital of the Commonwealth of Virginia, in the United States. It is an independent city and not part of any county. Richmond is the center of the Richmond Metropolitan Statistical Area and the Greater Richmond area...


Washington

  • Helix
    Helix (newspaper)
    The Helix was the first underground newspaper in Seattle, Washington, founded and edited by Paul Dorpat; among its writers were Tom Robbins, later known as a novelist, and Walt Crowley, who served as a cartoonist, writer, and editor....

    , Seattle, Washington
    Seattle, Washington
    Seattle is the county seat of King County, Washington. With 608,660 residents as of the 2010 Census, Seattle is the largest city in the Northwestern United States. The Seattle metropolitan area of about 3.4 million inhabitants is the 15th largest metropolitan area in the country...

    , 1967-1970
  • Northwest Passage
    Northwest Passage (newspaper)
    The Northwest Passage was a bi-weekly underground newspaper in Bellingham, Washington, which was published from March 17, 1969 to June 1986. The paper was co-founded by three men: Frank Kathman, who took the role of Publisher; Laurence Kee, as Managing Editor; and Michael Carlson , as Art Director...

    , Bellingham, WA, 1969-1986
  • Sabot
    Sabot (newspaper)
    Sabot was a brief-lived underground newspaper published in Seattle, Washington by the Seattle Liberation Front from September 11, 1970 to January 13, 1971. Sixteen weekly issues were published in all. The paper was started as a replacement for the Seattle Helix which had published its last issue in...

    , Seattle, Washington
    Seattle, Washington
    Seattle is the county seat of King County, Washington. With 608,660 residents as of the 2010 Census, Seattle is the largest city in the Northwestern United States. The Seattle metropolitan area of about 3.4 million inhabitants is the 15th largest metropolitan area in the country...

    , 1970-1971
  • Spokane Natural
    Spokane Natural
    Spokane Natural was an underground newspaper published biweekly in Spokane, Washington from May 5, 1967 to November 13, 1970, by the Mandala Printshop, and edited by Russ Nobbs. It belonged to the Underground Press Syndicate and the Liberation News Service...

    , Spokane, Washington
    Spokane, Washington
    Spokane is a city located in the Northwestern United States in the state of Washington. It is the largest city of Spokane County of which it is also the county seat, and the metropolitan center of the Inland Northwest region...

    , 1967-1970

West Virginia

  • Liberator, Morgantown, West Virginia
    Morgantown, West Virginia
    Morgantown is a city in Monongalia County, West Virginia. It is the county seat of Monongalia County. Placed along the banks of the Monongahela River, Morgantown is the largest city in North-Central West Virginia, and the base of the Morgantown metropolitan area...

     (later Mountain Liberator)

Wisconsin

  • Bugle-American
    Bugle (newspaper)
    The Bugle or Bugle-American was an underground newspaper based in Milwaukee, Wisconsin and distributed throughout Wisconsin from September 1970 to 1978, publishing mostly weekly for a total of 316 issues in all...

    , Milwaukee, Wisconsin
    Milwaukee, Wisconsin
    Milwaukee is the largest city in the U.S. state of Wisconsin, the 28th most populous city in the United States and 39th most populous region in the United States. It is the county seat of Milwaukee County and is located on the southwestern shore of Lake Michigan. According to 2010 census data, the...

    , 1968-1972
  • Connections, Madison, Wisconsin
    Madison, Wisconsin
    Madison is the capital of the U.S. state of Wisconsin and the county seat of Dane County. It is also home to the University of Wisconsin–Madison....

    , 1967-1969
  • Counterpoint, Stevens Point, WI
  • Fox Valley Kaleidoscope
    Kaleidoscope (newspaper)
    Kaleidoscope was an underground newspaper, founded by John Kois, radio disk jockey Bob Reitman, and John Sahli , which was published in Milwaukee, Wisconsin from Oct. 6, 1967 to Nov. 11, 1971, printing 105 biweekly issues in all...

    , Oshkosh, WI, 1970
  • Kaleidoscope
    Kaleidoscope (newspaper)
    Kaleidoscope was an underground newspaper, founded by John Kois, radio disk jockey Bob Reitman, and John Sahli , which was published in Milwaukee, Wisconsin from Oct. 6, 1967 to Nov. 11, 1971, printing 105 biweekly issues in all...

    , Milwaukee, Wisconsin
    Milwaukee, Wisconsin
    Milwaukee is the largest city in the U.S. state of Wisconsin, the 28th most populous city in the United States and 39th most populous region in the United States. It is the county seat of Milwaukee County and is located on the southwestern shore of Lake Michigan. According to 2010 census data, the...

    , 1967-1971
  • Madison Kaleidoscope
    Kaleidoscope (newspaper)
    Kaleidoscope was an underground newspaper, founded by John Kois, radio disk jockey Bob Reitman, and John Sahli , which was published in Milwaukee, Wisconsin from Oct. 6, 1967 to Nov. 11, 1971, printing 105 biweekly issues in all...

    , Madison, Wisconsin
    Madison, Wisconsin
    Madison is the capital of the U.S. state of Wisconsin and the county seat of Dane County. It is also home to the University of Wisconsin–Madison....

  • The People's Dreadnaught, Beloit, Wisconsin
    Beloit, Wisconsin
    Beloit is a city in Rock County, Wisconsin, United States. As of the 2010 census, Beloit had a population of 36,966. The greater Beloit area is home to more than 91,000 residents.-Claim to fame:...


Canada

  • The Georgia Straight
    The Georgia Straight
    The Georgia Straight is a free Canadian weekly news and entertainment newspaper published in Vancouver, British Columbia, by the Vancouver Free Press Publishing Corp...

    , Vancouver, British Columbia
  • Canada Goose, Edmonton, Alberta
  • Harbinger, Toronto
    Toronto
    Toronto is the provincial capital of Ontario and the largest city in Canada. It is located in Southern Ontario on the northwestern shore of Lake Ontario. A relatively modern city, Toronto's history dates back to the late-18th century, when its land was first purchased by the British monarchy from...

    , Ontario]]
  • Octopus, Ottawa, Ontario (later Ottawa's Free Press)
  • Pop-See-Cul, Montreal, Quebec

United Kingdom

  • International Times
    International Times
    International Times was an underground newspaper founded in London in 1966. Editors included Hoppy, David Mairowitz, Pete Stansill, Barry Miles, Jim Haynes and playwright Tom McGrath...

    (also IT)
  • Oz
    Oz (magazine)
    Oz was first published as a satirical humour magazine between 1963 and 1969 in Sydney, Australia and, in its second and better known incarnation, became a "psychedelic hippy" magazine from 1967 to 1973 in London...

  • Gandalf's Garden
    Gandalf's Garden
    Gandalf's Garden was a mystical community which flourished at the end of the 1960s as part of the London hippie/underground movement, running a shop and a magazine of the same name. It emphasised the mystical interests of the period, and advocated meditation in preference to drugs...

  • Black Dwarf
  • Friends (later Frendz)
  • Ink

Italy

  • Fuori!
  • Re Nudo
  • Tampax
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