List of device bandwidths
Encyclopedia
This is a list of device bit rates, or physical layer information rates, net bit rates, useful bit rates, peak bit rates or digital bandwidth capacity, at which digital interfaces of computer peripheral equipment and network devices
can communicate over various kinds of buses
and networks
. The distinction can be arbitrary between a bus, which is inside a box and usually relies on many parallel wires, and a communications network cable, which is external, between boxes and rarely relies on more than four wires. Many device interfaces or protocols (e.g. SATA, USB, SCSI, PCI and a few variants of Ethernet) are used both inside many-device boxes, such as a PC, and one-device-boxes, such as a hard drive enclosure. Accordingly, this page lists both the internal ribbon and external communications cable standards together in one sortable table.
is almost inevitably lower in proportion to the load from other devices (network
/bus contention
), interframe gap, and other overhead in data link layer
protocols etc. The maximum goodput
—for example, the file transfer rate—may be even lower due to higher layer protocol overhead and data packet retransmissions caused by line noise
or interference
such as crosstalk, or lost packets in congested
intermediate network nodes. All protocols lose something, and the more robust ones that deal resiliently with very many failure situations tend to lose more maximum throughput to get higher total long term rates.
Device interfaces where one bus transfers data via another will be limited to the throughput of the slowest interface, at best. For instance, SATA 6G controllers on one PCIe 5G channel will be limited to the 5G rate and have to employ more channels to get around this problem. Early implementations of new protocols very often have this kind of problem. The physical phenomena on which the device relies (such as spinning platters in a hard drive) will also impose limits; for instance, no spinning platter shipping in 2009 saturates SATA II (3 Gbit/s), so moving from this 3 Gbit/s interface to USB3 at 4.8 Gbit/s for one spinning drive will result in no increase in realized transfer rate.
Contention in a wireless or noisy spectrum, where the physical medium is entirely out of the control of those who specify the protocol, requires measures that also use up throughput. Wireless devices, BPL, and modem
s may produce a higher line rate or gross bit rate, due to error-correcting codes and other physical layer
overhead
. It is extremely common for throughput to be far less than half of theoretical maximum, though the more recent technologies (notably BPL) employ preemptive spectrum analysis to avoid this and so have much more potential to reach actual gigabit rates in practice than prior modems.
Another factor reducing throughput is deliberate policy decisions made by Internet service providers that are made for contractual, risk management, aggregation saturation, or marketing reasons. Examples are rate limiting
, bandwidth throttling
, and the assignment of IP address
es to groups. These practices tend to minimize the throughput available to every user, but maximize the number of users that can be supported on one backbone.
Furthermore, chips are often not available in order to implement the fastest rates. AMD, for instance, does not support the 32-bit HyperTransport
interface on any CPU it has shipped as of the end of 2009. Additionally, WiMax
service providers in the US typically support only up to 4 Mbit/s as of the end of 2009.
Choosing service providers or interfaces based on theoretical maxima is unwise, especially for commercial needs. A good example is large scale data centers, which should be more concerned with price per port to support the interface, wattage and heat considerations, and total cost of the solution. Because some protocols such as SCSI and Ethernet now operate many orders of magnitude faster than when originally deployed, scalability of the interface is one major factor, as it prevents costly shifts to technologies that are not backward compatible. Underscoring this is the fact that these shifts often happen involuntarily or by surprise, especially when a vendor abandons support for a proprietary system.
interfaces are quoted in byte/s and serial
in bit/s. The more commonly used is shown below in bold type.
On devices like modem
s, bytes may be more than 8 bits long because they may be individually padded out with additional start and stop bits; the figures below will reflect this. Where channels use line code
s (such as Ethernet
, Serial ATA
and PCI Express
), quoted rates are for the decoded signal.
The figures below are simplex
data rates, which may conflict with the duplex rates vendors sometimes use in promotional materials. Where two values are listed, the first value is the downstream rate and the second value is the upstream rate.
All quoted figures are in metric decimal units, where:
Note that this goes against the traditional use of binary prefixes for memory size. These decimal prefixes have long been established in data communications. This occurred before 1998 when IEC
and other organizations introduced new binary prefixes and attempted to standardize their use across all computing applications.
TTY/Teletypewriter
The "bytes" column reflects the net data transfer rate after the protocol overhead has been removed.
Wide area network
Local area network
Wireless network
802.11 networks in infrastructure mode are half-duplex; all stations share the medium. In access point (infrastructure) mode, all traffic has to pass through the AP (Access Point
). Thus, two stations on the same AP which are communicating with each other must have each and every frame transmitted twice: from the sender to the access point, then from the access point to the receiver. This approximately halves the effective bandwidth. In ad hoc mode devices communicate directly (like with a crossover cable) rather than to the network (like through a hub).
MAC
PHY
† Uses 8B/10B encoding for video data - effective data rate is 80% of the symbol rate
Networking hardware
Networking hardware typically refers to equipment facilitating the use of a computer network. Typically, this includes routers, switches, hubs, gateways, access points, network interface cards, Networking cables, network bridges, modems, ISDN adapters, firewalls and other equipments.In the most...
can communicate over various kinds of buses
Computer bus
In computer architecture, a bus is a subsystem that transfers data between components inside a computer, or between computers.Early computer buses were literally parallel electrical wires with multiple connections, but the term is now used for any physical arrangement that provides the same...
and networks
Computer network
A computer network, often simply referred to as a network, is a collection of hardware components and computers interconnected by communication channels that allow sharing of resources and information....
. The distinction can be arbitrary between a bus, which is inside a box and usually relies on many parallel wires, and a communications network cable, which is external, between boxes and rarely relies on more than four wires. Many device interfaces or protocols (e.g. SATA, USB, SCSI, PCI and a few variants of Ethernet) are used both inside many-device boxes, such as a PC, and one-device-boxes, such as a hard drive enclosure. Accordingly, this page lists both the internal ribbon and external communications cable standards together in one sortable table.
Factors limiting actual performance, criteria for real decisions
Most of the listed rates are theoretical maximum throughput measures; in practice, the actual effective throughputMeasuring network throughput
Throughput of a network can be measured using various tools available on different platforms. This page explains the theory behind what these tools set out to measure and the issues regarding these measurements.-Reasons for measuring throughput in networks:...
is almost inevitably lower in proportion to the load from other devices (network
Contention (telecommunications)
In packet mode communication networks, contention is a media access method that is used to share a broadcast medium.-Collision detection and recovery:...
/bus contention
Bus contention
Bus contention, in computer design, is an undesirable state of the bus in which more than one device on the bus attempts to place values on the bus at the same time. Most bus architectures require their devices follow an arbitration protocol carefully designed to make the likelihood of contention...
), interframe gap, and other overhead in data link layer
Data link layer
The data link layer is layer 2 of the seven-layer OSI model of computer networking. It corresponds to, or is part of the link layer of the TCP/IP reference model....
protocols etc. The maximum goodput
Goodput
In computer networks, goodput is the application level throughput, i.e. the number of useful information bits, delivered by the network to a certain destination, per unit of time. The amount of data considered excludes protocol overhead bits as well as retransmitted data packets...
—for example, the file transfer rate—may be even lower due to higher layer protocol overhead and data packet retransmissions caused by line noise
Noise
In common use, the word noise means any unwanted sound. In both analog and digital electronics, noise is random unwanted perturbation to a wanted signal; it is called noise as a generalisation of the acoustic noise heard when listening to a weak radio transmission with significant electrical noise...
or interference
Interference (communication)
In communications and electronics, especially in telecommunications, interference is anything which alters, modifies, or disrupts a signal as it travels along a channel between a source and a receiver. The term typically refers to the addition of unwanted signals to a useful signal...
such as crosstalk, or lost packets in congested
Network congestion
In data networking and queueing theory, network congestion occurs when a link or node is carrying so much data that its quality of service deteriorates. Typical effects include queueing delay, packet loss or the blocking of new connections...
intermediate network nodes. All protocols lose something, and the more robust ones that deal resiliently with very many failure situations tend to lose more maximum throughput to get higher total long term rates.
Device interfaces where one bus transfers data via another will be limited to the throughput of the slowest interface, at best. For instance, SATA 6G controllers on one PCIe 5G channel will be limited to the 5G rate and have to employ more channels to get around this problem. Early implementations of new protocols very often have this kind of problem. The physical phenomena on which the device relies (such as spinning platters in a hard drive) will also impose limits; for instance, no spinning platter shipping in 2009 saturates SATA II (3 Gbit/s), so moving from this 3 Gbit/s interface to USB3 at 4.8 Gbit/s for one spinning drive will result in no increase in realized transfer rate.
Contention in a wireless or noisy spectrum, where the physical medium is entirely out of the control of those who specify the protocol, requires measures that also use up throughput. Wireless devices, BPL, and modem
Modem
A modem is a device that modulates an analog carrier signal to encode digital information, and also demodulates such a carrier signal to decode the transmitted information. The goal is to produce a signal that can be transmitted easily and decoded to reproduce the original digital data...
s may produce a higher line rate or gross bit rate, due to error-correcting codes and other physical layer
Physical layer
The physical layer or layer 1 is the first and lowest layer in the seven-layer OSI model of computer networking. The implementation of this layer is often termed PHY....
overhead
Overhead
Overhead may be:* Overhead , the ongoing operating costs of running a business* Engineering overhead, ancillary design features required by a component of a device...
. It is extremely common for throughput to be far less than half of theoretical maximum, though the more recent technologies (notably BPL) employ preemptive spectrum analysis to avoid this and so have much more potential to reach actual gigabit rates in practice than prior modems.
Another factor reducing throughput is deliberate policy decisions made by Internet service providers that are made for contractual, risk management, aggregation saturation, or marketing reasons. Examples are rate limiting
Rate limiting
In computer networks, rate limiting is used to control the rate of traffic sent or received on a network interface. Traffic that is less than or equal to the specified rate is sent, whereas traffic that exceeds the rate is dropped or delayed...
, bandwidth throttling
Bandwidth throttling
Bandwidth throttling is a reactive measure employed in communication networks to regulate network traffic and minimize bandwidth congestion. Bandwidth throttling can occur at different locations on the network. On a local area network , a sysadmin may employ bandwidth throttling to help limit...
, and the assignment of IP address
IP address
An Internet Protocol address is a numerical label assigned to each device participating in a computer network that uses the Internet Protocol for communication. An IP address serves two principal functions: host or network interface identification and location addressing...
es to groups. These practices tend to minimize the throughput available to every user, but maximize the number of users that can be supported on one backbone.
Furthermore, chips are often not available in order to implement the fastest rates. AMD, for instance, does not support the 32-bit HyperTransport
HyperTransport
HyperTransport , formerly known as Lightning Data Transport , is a technology for interconnection of computer processors. It is a bidirectional serial/parallel high-bandwidth, low-latency point-to-point link that was introduced on April 2, 2001...
interface on any CPU it has shipped as of the end of 2009. Additionally, WiMax
WiMAX
WiMAX is a communication technology for wirelessly delivering high-speed Internet service to large geographical areas. The 2005 WiMAX revision provided bit rates up to 40 Mbit/s with the 2011 update up to 1 Gbit/s for fixed stations...
service providers in the US typically support only up to 4 Mbit/s as of the end of 2009.
Choosing service providers or interfaces based on theoretical maxima is unwise, especially for commercial needs. A good example is large scale data centers, which should be more concerned with price per port to support the interface, wattage and heat considerations, and total cost of the solution. Because some protocols such as SCSI and Ethernet now operate many orders of magnitude faster than when originally deployed, scalability of the interface is one major factor, as it prevents costly shifts to technologies that are not backward compatible. Underscoring this is the fact that these shifts often happen involuntarily or by surprise, especially when a vendor abandons support for a proprietary system.
Conventions
By convention, bus and network data rates are denoted either in bit/s (bits per second) or byte/s (bytes per second). In general, parallelParallel communications
In telecommunication and computer science, parallel communication is a method of sending several data signals simultaneously over several parallel channels...
interfaces are quoted in byte/s and serial
Serial communications
In telecommunication and computer science, serial communication is the process of sending data one bit at a time, sequentially, over a communication channel or computer bus. This is in contrast to parallel communication, where several bits are sent as a whole, on a link with several parallel channels...
in bit/s. The more commonly used is shown below in bold type.
On devices like modem
Modem
A modem is a device that modulates an analog carrier signal to encode digital information, and also demodulates such a carrier signal to decode the transmitted information. The goal is to produce a signal that can be transmitted easily and decoded to reproduce the original digital data...
s, bytes may be more than 8 bits long because they may be individually padded out with additional start and stop bits; the figures below will reflect this. Where channels use line code
Line code
In telecommunication, a line code is a code chosen for use within a communications system for baseband transmission purposes...
s (such as Ethernet
Ethernet
Ethernet is a family of computer networking technologies for local area networks commercially introduced in 1980. Standardized in IEEE 802.3, Ethernet has largely replaced competing wired LAN technologies....
, Serial ATA
Serial ATA
Serial ATA is a computer bus interface for connecting host bus adapters to mass storage devices such as hard disk drives and optical drives...
and PCI Express
PCI Express
PCI Express , officially abbreviated as PCIe, is a computer expansion card standard designed to replace the older PCI, PCI-X, and AGP bus standards...
), quoted rates are for the decoded signal.
The figures below are simplex
Simplex communication
Simplex communication refers to communication that occurs in one direction only. Two definitions have arisen over time: a common definition, which is used in ANSI standard and elsewhere, and an ITU-T definition...
data rates, which may conflict with the duplex rates vendors sometimes use in promotional materials. Where two values are listed, the first value is the downstream rate and the second value is the upstream rate.
All quoted figures are in metric decimal units, where:
- 1 Byte = 8 bit
- 1 kbit/s = 1,000 bit/s
- 1 Mbit/s = 1,000,000 bit/s
- 1 Gbit/s = 1,000,000,000 bit/s
- 1 kB/s = 1,000 Byte/s
- 1 MB/s = 1,000,000 Byte/s
- 1 GB/s = 1,000,000,000 Byte/s
- 1 TB/s = 1,000,000,000,000 Byte/s
Note that this goes against the traditional use of binary prefixes for memory size. These decimal prefixes have long been established in data communications. This occurred before 1998 when IEC
IEC
-Organisations:* Independent Electoral Commission * Independent Electrical Contractors, a U.S. national trade association.* Institut d'Estudis Catalans , a Catalan academic institution....
and other organizations introduced new binary prefixes and attempted to standardize their use across all computing applications.
Bandwidths
The figures below are grouped by network or bus type, then sorted within each group from lowest to highest bandwidth; gray shading indicates a lack of known implementations.TTY/TeletypewriterTeleprinterA teleprinter is a electromechanical typewriter that can be used to communicate typed messages from point to point and point to multipoint over a variety of communication channels that range from a simple electrical connection, such as a pair of wires, to the use of radio and microwave as the...
or telecommunications device for the deafTelecommunications device for the deafA telecommunications device for the deaf is a teleprinter, an electronic device for text communication over a telephone line, that is designed for use by persons with hearing or speech difficulties...
(TDD)
| Technology | Max. Rate (bit/s) | Max. Rate (characters/s) | Year |
|---|---|---|---|
| TTY (V.18) | /s | 6 characters/s | |
| TTY (V.18) | 50/s | 6.6 characters/s | |
| NTSC Line 21 Closed Captioning | 1/s | ~100 characters/s |
Modems – narrow and broadband
All modems are wrongly assumed to be in serial operation with 1 start bit, 8 data bits, no parity, and 1 stop bit (2 stop bits for 110-baud modems). Therefore, currently modems are wrongly calculated with transmission of 10 bits per 8-bit byte (11 bits for 110-baud modems). Although the serial port is nearly always used to connect a modem and has equivalent data rates, the protocols, modulations and error correction differ completely.The "bytes" column reflects the net data transfer rate after the protocol overhead has been removed.
| Technology | Rate (kbit/s) | Rate (byte/s) | Year |
|---|---|---|---|
| Narrowband Narrowband In radio, narrowband describes a channel in which the bandwidth of the message does not significantly exceed the channel's coherence bandwidth. It is a common misconception that narrowband refers to a channel which occupies only a "small" amount of space on the radio spectrum.The opposite of... (POTS Plain old telephone service Plain old telephone service is the voice-grade telephone service that remains the basic form of residential and small business service connection to the telephone network in many parts of the world.... : 3.1 kHz channel) |
- | - | - |
| Morse code Morse code Morse code is a method of transmitting textual information as a series of on-off tones, lights, or clicks that can be directly understood by a skilled listener or observer without special equipment... (skilled operator) |
/s | 4 cps (~40 wpm) | 1844 |
| Modem 110 baud Baud In telecommunications and electronics, baud is synonymous to symbols per second or pulses per second. It is the unit of symbol rate, also known as baud rate or modulation rate; the number of distinct symbol changes made to the transmission medium per second in a digitally modulated signal or a... (symbols / second) (Bell 101 Bell 101 The Bell 101 dataset or Bell 101 modem was the first commercial modem for computers, released by AT&T in 1958 for use by SAGE and in 1959 made commercial shortly after AT&T's Bell Labs announced their 110 baud modulation frequencies... ) |
/s | /s (~10 cps) | 1956? |
| Modem 300 (300 baud) (Bell 103 or V.21) | /s | /s (~30 cps) | 1962 |
| Modem 1200 (600 baud) (Bell 212A Bell 212A The Bell 212A modulation scheme defined a standard method of transmitting full-duplex asynchronous serial data at 1.2 kbit/s over analogue transmission lines. The equivalent, but incompatible ITU-T standard is V.22.... or V.22) |
/s | /s (~120 cps) | 1976 |
| Modem 1200/75 (600 baud) (V.23) | 1,2001.2/0.075 kbit/s | 1,2000.12/0.0075 kB/s (~120 cps) | |
| Modem 2400 (600 baud) (V.22bis) | /s | /s | |
| Modem 4800 (1600 baud) (V.27ter) | /s | /s | |
| Modem 9600 (2400 baud) (V.32) | /s | /s | 1989 |
| Modem 14.4 (2400 baud) (V.32bis) | /s | /s | 1991 |
| Modem 28.8 (3200 baud) (V.34-1994) | /s | /s | 1994 |
| Modem 33.6 (3429 baud) (V.34-1996/98) | /s | /s | 1996 |
| Modem 56k (8000/3429 baud) (V.90) | 56,00056.0/33.6 kbit/s | 56,0005.6/3.3 kB/s | 1998 |
| Modem 56k (8000/8000 baud) (V.92 V.92 V.92 is an ITU-T recommendation, titled Enhancements to Recommendation V.90, that establishes a modem standard allowing near 56 kb/s download and 48 kb/s upload rates. With V.92 PCM is used for both the upstream and downstream connections; previously 56K modems only used PCM for downstream... ) |
56,00156.0/48.0 kbit/s | 56,0015.6/4.8 kB/s | 2001 |
| Modem data compression (variable) (V.92 V.92 V.92 is an ITU-T recommendation, titled Enhancements to Recommendation V.90, that establishes a modem standard allowing near 56 kb/s download and 48 kb/s upload rates. With V.92 PCM is used for both the upstream and downstream connections; previously 56K modems only used PCM for downstream... /V.44) |
56,00356.0-320.0 kbit/s | 56,0035.6-32 kB/s | |
| ISP-side text/image compression (variable) | 56,00356.0-1000.0 kbit/s | 56,0035.6-100 kB/s | |
| ISDN Basic Rate Interface Basic rate interface Basic Rate Interface is an Integrated Services Digital Network configuration intended primarily for use in subscriber lines similar to those that have long been used for plain old telephone service... (single/dual channel) |
64,00064/128 kbit/s | 64,0008/16 kB/s | 1986 |
| IDSL IDSL ISDN Digital Subscriber Line uses ISDN-based technology to provide a data communication channel across existing copper telephone lines at a rate of 144 kbit/s, slightly higher than a bonded dual channel ISDN connection at 128kbit/s. The digital transmission bypasses the telephone company's... (dual ISDN + 16 kbit/s data channels) |
144/s | 18/s | 2000 |
| Broadband Broadband The term broadband refers to a telecommunications signal or device of greater bandwidth, in some sense, than another standard or usual signal or device . Different criteria for "broad" have been applied in different contexts and at different times... (hundreds of kHz wide) |
- | - | - |
| HDSL ITU G.991.1 aka DS1 Digital Signal 1 Digital signal 1 is a T-carrier signaling scheme devised by Bell Labs. DS1 is a widely used standard in telecommunications in North America and Japan to transmit voice and data between devices. E1 is used in place of T1 outside North America, Japan, and South Korea... |
1,544/s | 193/s | 1998 |
| MSDSL MSDSL Multi-rate symmetric DSL is a digital subscriber line technology with a maximum distance of 8,800 m . It is capable of multiple transfer rates, as set by the Internet service provider, typically based on the service and/or price... |
2,000/s | 250/s | |
| SDSL Symmetric Digital Subscriber Line Symmetric digital subscriber line can have two meanings:* In the wider sense it is a collection of Internet access technologies based on DSL that offer symmetric bandwidth upstream and downstream... |
2,320/s | 290/s | |
| SHDSL ITU G.991.2 | 5,690/s | 711/s | 2001 |
| ADSL (G.Lite) Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line Asymmetric digital subscriber line is a type of digital subscriber line technology, a data communications technology that enables faster data transmission over copper telephone lines than a conventional voiceband modem can provide. It does this by utilizing frequencies that are not used by a voice... |
2,048,0002048/448 kbit/s | 2,048,000256/56 kB/s | 1998 |
| ADSL (G.DMT) ITU G.992.1 In telecommunications, ITU G.992.1 is an ITU standard for ADSL using discrete multitone modulation. G.DMT full-rate ADSL expands the usable bandwidth of existing copper telephone lines, delivering high-speed data communications at rates up to 8 Mbit/s downstream and 1.3 Mbit/s upstream.DMT... |
8,192,0008,192/1,024 kbit/s | 8,192,0001,024/128 kB/s | 1999 |
| ADSL2 ITU G.992.3/4 ITU G.992.3 is an ITU standard, also referred to as ADSL2 or G.DMT.bis. It optionally extends the capability of basic ADSL in data rates to 12 Mbit/s downstream and, depending on Annex version, up to 3.5 Mbit/s upstream... |
12,288,00012,288/1,440 kbit/s | 12,288,0011,536/180 kB/s | 2002 |
| ADSL2+ ITU G.992.5 ITU G.992.5 is an ITU standard, also referred to as ADSL2+ or ADSL2Plus. Commercially it is notable for its maximum theoretical download speed of 24 Mbit/s.-Technical information:... |
24,576,00024,576/3,584 kbit/s | 24,576,0003,072/448 kB/s | 2003 |
| DOCSIS DOCSIS Data Over Cable Service Interface Specification is an international telecommunications standard that permits the addition of high-speed data transfer to an existing cable TV system... v1.0 (Cable modem Cable modem A cable modem is a type of network bridge and modem that provides bi-directional data communication via radio frequency channels on a HFC and RFoG infrastructure. Cable modems are primarily used to deliver broadband Internet access in the form of cable Internet, taking advantage of the high... ) |
38,000,00038,000/9,000 kbit/s | 38,000,0004,750/1,125 kB/s | 1997 |
| DOCSIS DOCSIS Data Over Cable Service Interface Specification is an international telecommunications standard that permits the addition of high-speed data transfer to an existing cable TV system... v2.0 (Cable modem Cable modem A cable modem is a type of network bridge and modem that provides bi-directional data communication via radio frequency channels on a HFC and RFoG infrastructure. Cable modems are primarily used to deliver broadband Internet access in the form of cable Internet, taking advantage of the high... ) |
38,000,00138,000/27,000 kbit/s | 38,000,0014,750/3,375 kB/s | 2001 |
| DOCSIS DOCSIS Data Over Cable Service Interface Specification is an international telecommunications standard that permits the addition of high-speed data transfer to an existing cable TV system... v3.0 (Cable modem Cable modem A cable modem is a type of network bridge and modem that provides bi-directional data communication via radio frequency channels on a HFC and RFoG infrastructure. Cable modems are primarily used to deliver broadband Internet access in the form of cable Internet, taking advantage of the high... ) |
160,000,000160,000/120,000 kbit/s | 160,000,00020,000/15,000 kB/s (~200,000,000 wpm) | 2006 |
| Uni-DSL | 200,000/s | 25,000/s | |
| VDSL ITU G.993.1 | 52,000/s | 7,000/s | 2001 |
| VDSL2 ITU G.993.2 | 100,000/s | 13,000/s | 2006 |
| BPON (G.983 G.983 ITU-T Recommendation G.983 is a family of recommendations that defines Broadband Passive Optical Network for telecommunications Access networks. It originally comprised ten recommendations, G.983.1 through G.983.10, but recommendations .6–.10 were withdrawn when their content was... ) fiber optic service |
622,000,000622,000/155,000 kbit/s | 622,000,00077,700/19,300 kB/s | 2005 |
| GPON (G.984 G.984 ITU-T Recommendation G.984 is a family of recommendations that defines gigabit passive optical networks for telecommunications access networks... ) fiber optic service |
2,488,000,0002,488,000/1,244,000 kbit/s | 2,488,000,000311,000/155,500 kB/s (~3 Billion+ wpm) | 2008 |
Mobile telephone interfaces
| Technology | Download Rate (bit/s) | Upload Rate (bit/s) | Download Rate (byte/s) | Upload Rate (byte/s) | Year |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GSM CSD Circuit Switched Data Circuit Switched Data is the original form of data transmission developed for the time division multiple access -based mobile phone systems like Global System for Mobile Communications... (2G 2G 2G is short for second-generation wireless telephone technology. Second generation 2G cellular telecom networks were commercially launched on the GSM standard in Finland by Radiolinja in 1991... ) |
/s | /s | /s | /s | |
| HSCSD High-Speed Circuit-Switched Data High-speed circuit-switched data , is an enhancement to Circuit Switched Data , the original data transmission mechanism of the GSM mobile phone system, four times faster than GSM, with data rates up to 38.4 kbit/s.... |
57,60057.6 kbit/s | 14.4 kbit/s | 57,6005.4 kB/s | 1.8 kB/s | |
| GPRS (2.5G) General Packet Radio Service General packet radio service is a packet oriented mobile data service on the 2G and 3G cellular communication system's global system for mobile communications . GPRS was originally standardized by European Telecommunications Standards Institute in response to the earlier CDPD and i-mode... |
57,60157.6 kbit/s | 28.8 kbit/s | 57,6017.2 kB/s | 3.6 kB/s | |
| WiDEN WiDEN Wideband Integrated Digital Enhanced Network, or WiDEN, is a software upgrade developed by Motorola for its iDEN enhanced specialized mobile radio wireless telephony protocol. WiDEN allows compatible subscriber units to communicate across four 25 kHz channels combined, for up to 100 kbit/s... |
100/s | 100/s | /s | /s | |
| CDMA2000 1xRTT CDMA2000 CDMA2000 is a family of 3G mobile technology standards, which use CDMA channel access, to send voice, data, and signaling data between mobile phones and cell sites. The set of standards includes: CDMA2000 1X, CDMA2000 EV-DO Rev. 0, CDMA2000 EV-DO Rev. A, and CDMA2000 EV-DO Rev. B... |
153/s | 153/s | 18/s | 18/s | |
| EDGE (2.75G) Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution is a digital mobile phone technology that allows improved data transmission rates as a backward-compatible extension of GSM... (type 1 MS) |
/s | /s | /s | /s | |
| UMTS Universal Mobile Telecommunications System Universal Mobile Telecommunications System is a third generation mobile cellular technology for networks based on the GSM standard. Developed by the 3GPP , UMTS is a component of the International Telecommunications Union IMT-2000 standard set and compares with the CDMA2000 standard set for... 3G 3G 3G or 3rd generation mobile telecommunications is a generation of standards for mobile phones and mobile telecommunication services fulfilling the International Mobile Telecommunications-2000 specifications by the International Telecommunication Union... |
384/s | 384/s | 48/s | 48/s | |
| EDGE Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution is a digital mobile phone technology that allows improved data transmission rates as a backward-compatible extension of GSM... (type 2 MS) |
/s | /s | /s | /s | |
| EDGE Evolution (type 1 MS) | 1,184,0001,184 kbit/s | 474 kbit/s | 1,184,000148 kB/s | 59 kB/s | |
| EDGE Evolution (type 2 MS) | 1,894,0001,894 kbit/s | 947 kbit/s | 1,894,000237 kB/s | 118 kB/s | |
| 1xEV-DO Rev. 0 Evolution-Data Optimized Evolution-Data Optimized or Evolution-Data only is a telecommunications standard for the wireless transmission of data through radio signals, typically for broadband Internet access... |
2,457,0002,457 kbit/s | 153 kbit/s | 2,457,000307.2 kB/s | 19 kB/s | |
| 1xEV-DO Rev. A | 3,100,0003.1 Mbit/s | 1.8 Mbit/s | 3,100,000397 kB/s | 230 kB/s | |
| 1xEV-DO Rev. B | 14,700,00014.7 Mbit/s | 5.4 Mbit/s | 1,470,0001,837 kB/s | 675 kB/s | |
| HSDPA High-Speed Downlink Packet Access High-Speed Downlink Packet Access is an enhanced 3G mobile telephony communications protocol in the High-Speed Packet Access family, also dubbed 3.5G, 3G+ or turbo 3G, which allows networks based on Universal Mobile Telecommunications System to have higher data transfer speeds and capacity... /HSUPA High-Speed Uplink Packet Access High-Speed Uplink Packet Access is a 3G mobile telephony protocol in the HSPA family with up-link speeds up to 5.76 Mbit/s. The name HSUPA was created by Nokia... (3.5G) High Speed Packet Access High Speed Packet Access is an amalgamation of two mobile telephony protocols, High Speed Downlink Packet Access and High Speed Uplink Packet Access , that extends and improves the performance of existing WCDMA protocols... |
13,976,00013.98 Mbit/s | 5.760 Mbit/s | 21,096,0001,706 kB/s | 720 kB/s | |
| 4xEV-DO Enhancements Evolution-Data Optimized Evolution-Data Optimized or Evolution-Data only is a telecommunications standard for the wireless transmission of data through radio signals, typically for broadband Internet access... (2X2 MIMO) |
34,400,00034.4 Mbit/s | 12.4 Mbit/s | 34,400,0004.3 MB/s | 1.55 MB/s | |
| HSPA+ Evolved HSPA HSPA+, or Evolved High-Speed Packet Access, is a technical standard for wireless, broadband telecommunication. HSPA+ was first defined in the technical standard 3GPP release 7.... (2X2 MIMO) |
42,000,00042 Mbit/s | 11.5 Mbit/s | 42,000,0005.25 MB/s | 1.437 MB/s | |
| 15xEV-DO Rev. B | 73,500,00073.5 Mbit/s | 27 Mbit/s | 73,500,0009.2 MB/s | 3.375 MB/s | |
| 4G 4G In telecommunications, 4G is the fourth generation of cellular wireless standards. It is a successor to the 3G and 2G families of standards. In 2009, the ITU-R organization specified the IMT-Advanced requirements for 4G standards, setting peak speed requirements for 4G service at 100 Mbit/s... (4X4 MIMO) |
100,000,000100 Mbit/s | 50 Mbit/s | 100,000,00012.5 MB/s | 6.250 MB/s | |
| UMB Ultra Mobile Broadband UMB was the brand name for a project within 3GPP2 to improve the CDMA2000 mobile phone standard for next generation applications and requirements... (2X2 MIMO) |
140,000,000140 Mbit/s | 34 Mbit/s | 140,000,00017.5 MB/s | 4.250 MB/s | |
| LTE 3GPP Long Term Evolution 3GPP Long Term Evolution, usually referred to as LTE, is a standard for wireless communication of high-speed data for mobile phones and data terminals. It is based on the GSM/EDGE and UMTS/HSPA network technologies, increasing the capacity and speed using new modulation techniques... (2X2 MIMO) |
173,000,000173 Mbit/s | 58 Mbit/s | 173,000,00021.625 MB/s | 7.25 MB/s | |
| UMB Ultra Mobile Broadband UMB was the brand name for a project within 3GPP2 to improve the CDMA2000 mobile phone standard for next generation applications and requirements... (4X4 MIMO) |
280,000,000280 Mbit/s | 68 Mbit/s | 280,000,00035 MB/s | 8.5 MB/s | |
| EV-DO Rev. C Evolution-Data Optimized Evolution-Data Optimized or Evolution-Data only is a telecommunications standard for the wireless transmission of data through radio signals, typically for broadband Internet access... |
280,000,001280 Mbit/s | 75 Mbit/s | 280,000,00135 MB/s | 9 MB/s | |
| LTE 3GPP Long Term Evolution 3GPP Long Term Evolution, usually referred to as LTE, is a standard for wireless communication of high-speed data for mobile phones and data terminals. It is based on the GSM/EDGE and UMTS/HSPA network technologies, increasing the capacity and speed using new modulation techniques... (4X4 MIMO) |
326,000,000326 Mbit/s | 86 Mbit/s | 326,000,00040.750 MB/s | 10.750 MB/s |
Wide area networkWide area networkA wide area network is a telecommunication network that covers a broad area . Business and government entities utilize WANs to relay data among employees, clients, buyers, and suppliers from various geographical locations...
s
| Technology | Rate (bit/s) | Rate (byte/s) | Year |
|---|---|---|---|
| DS0 Digital Signal 0 Digital Signal 0 is a basic digital signaling rate of 64 kbit/s, corresponding to the capacity of one voice-frequency-equivalent channel... |
/s | /s | |
| G.Lite (aka ADSL Lite) ITU G.992.2 In telecommunications, ITU G.992.2 is an ITU standard for ADSL using discrete multitone modulation. G.Lite does not strictly require the use of phone line splitters, but like all ADSL lines generally functions better with splitters.G.lite is a modulation profile which can be selected on a DSLAM... |
1,5361.536/0.512 Mbit/s | 1,5360.192/0.064 MB/s | |
| DS1/T1 T-carrier In telecommunications, T-carrier, sometimes abbreviated as T-CXR, is the generic designator for any of several digitally multiplexed telecommunications carrier systems originally developed by Bell Labs and used in North America, Japan, and South Korea.... (and ISDN Primary Rate Interface Primary rate interface The Primary Rate Interface is a standardized telecommunications service level within the Integrated Services Digital Network specification for carrying multiple DS0 voice and data transmissions between a network and a user.... ) |
/s | /s | |
| E1 E-carrier In digital telecommunications, where a single physical wire pair can be used to carry many simultaneous voice conversations by time-division multiplexing, worldwide standards have been created and deployed... (and ISDN Primary Rate Interface Primary rate interface The Primary Rate Interface is a standardized telecommunications service level within the Integrated Services Digital Network specification for carrying multiple DS0 voice and data transmissions between a network and a user.... ) |
/s | /s | |
| G.SHDSL | /s | /s | |
| LR-VDSL2 Very-high-bit-rate Digital Subscriber Line 2 Very-high-speed digital subscriber line 2 is an access technology that exploits the existing infrastructure of copper wires that were originally deployed for traditional telephone service. It can be deployed from central offices, from fiber-optic connected cabinets located near the customer... (4 to 5 km [long-]range) (symmetry optional) |
4/s | /s | |
| SDSL Symmetric Digital Subscriber Line Symmetric digital subscriber line can have two meanings:* In the wider sense it is a collection of Internet access technologies based on DSL that offer symmetric bandwidth upstream and downstream... |
/s | /s | |
| T2 T-carrier In telecommunications, T-carrier, sometimes abbreviated as T-CXR, is the generic designator for any of several digitally multiplexed telecommunications carrier systems originally developed by Bell Labs and used in North America, Japan, and South Korea.... |
/s | /s | |
| ADSL Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line Asymmetric digital subscriber line is a type of digital subscriber line technology, a data communications technology that enables faster data transmission over copper telephone lines than a conventional voiceband modem can provide. It does this by utilizing frequencies that are not used by a voice... |
8,0008.0/1.024 Mbit/s | 8,0001.0/0.128 MB/s | |
| E2 E-carrier In digital telecommunications, where a single physical wire pair can be used to carry many simultaneous voice conversations by time-division multiplexing, worldwide standards have been created and deployed... |
/s | /s | |
| ADSL2 ITU G.992.3/4 ITU G.992.3 is an ITU standard, also referred to as ADSL2 or G.DMT.bis. It optionally extends the capability of basic ADSL in data rates to 12 Mbit/s downstream and, depending on Annex version, up to 3.5 Mbit/s upstream... |
12,00012/3.5 Mbit/s | 12,0001.5/0.448 MB/s | |
| Satellite Internet | 16,00016/1 Mbit/s | 16,0002.0/0.128 MB/s | |
| ADSL2+ ITU G.992.5 ITU G.992.5 is an ITU standard, also referred to as ADSL2+ or ADSL2Plus. Commercially it is notable for its maximum theoretical download speed of 24 Mbit/s.-Technical information:... |
24,00024/3.5 Mbit/s | 24,0003.0/0.448 MB/s | |
| E3 E-carrier In digital telecommunications, where a single physical wire pair can be used to carry many simultaneous voice conversations by time-division multiplexing, worldwide standards have been created and deployed... |
/s | /s | |
| DOCSIS DOCSIS Data Over Cable Service Interface Specification is an international telecommunications standard that permits the addition of high-speed data transfer to an existing cable TV system... v1.0 (Cable modem Cable modem A cable modem is a type of network bridge and modem that provides bi-directional data communication via radio frequency channels on a HFC and RFoG infrastructure. Cable modems are primarily used to deliver broadband Internet access in the form of cable Internet, taking advantage of the high... ) |
38,00038.0/10.0 Mbit/s | 38,0004.75/1.25 MB/s | |
| DOCSIS DOCSIS Data Over Cable Service Interface Specification is an international telecommunications standard that permits the addition of high-speed data transfer to an existing cable TV system... v2.0 (Cable modem Cable modem A cable modem is a type of network bridge and modem that provides bi-directional data communication via radio frequency channels on a HFC and RFoG infrastructure. Cable modems are primarily used to deliver broadband Internet access in the form of cable Internet, taking advantage of the high... ) |
40,00040/30 Mbit/s | 40,0005.0/3.75 MB/s | |
| DS3/T3 T-carrier In telecommunications, T-carrier, sometimes abbreviated as T-CXR, is the generic designator for any of several digitally multiplexed telecommunications carrier systems originally developed by Bell Labs and used in North America, Japan, and South Korea.... ('45 Meg') |
/s | /s | |
| STS-1/EC-1/OC-1/STM-0 Synchronous optical networking Synchronous Optical Networking and Synchronous Digital Hierarchy are standardized multiplexing protocols that transfer multiple digital bit streams over optical fiber using lasers or highly coherent light from light-emitting diodes . At low transmission rates data can also be transferred via an... |
/s | /s | |
| VDSL (symmetry optional) | 100/s | /s | |
| DOCSIS DOCSIS Data Over Cable Service Interface Specification is an international telecommunications standard that permits the addition of high-speed data transfer to an existing cable TV system... v3.0 (Cable modem Cable modem A cable modem is a type of network bridge and modem that provides bi-directional data communication via radio frequency channels on a HFC and RFoG infrastructure. Cable modems are primarily used to deliver broadband Internet access in the form of cable Internet, taking advantage of the high... ) |
160,000160/120 Mbit/s | 160,00020/15 MB/s | |
| OC-3/STM-1 Synchronous optical networking Synchronous Optical Networking and Synchronous Digital Hierarchy are standardized multiplexing protocols that transfer multiple digital bit streams over optical fiber using lasers or highly coherent light from light-emitting diodes . At low transmission rates data can also be transferred via an... |
/s | /s | |
| VDSL2 Very-high-bit-rate Digital Subscriber Line 2 Very-high-speed digital subscriber line 2 is an access technology that exploits the existing infrastructure of copper wires that were originally deployed for traditional telephone service. It can be deployed from central offices, from fiber-optic connected cabinets located near the customer... (symmetry optional) |
250/s | /s | |
| T4 T-carrier In telecommunications, T-carrier, sometimes abbreviated as T-CXR, is the generic designator for any of several digitally multiplexed telecommunications carrier systems originally developed by Bell Labs and used in North America, Japan, and South Korea.... |
/s | /s | |
| T5 T-carrier In telecommunications, T-carrier, sometimes abbreviated as T-CXR, is the generic designator for any of several digitally multiplexed telecommunications carrier systems originally developed by Bell Labs and used in North America, Japan, and South Korea.... |
/s | /s | |
| OC-9 Synchronous optical networking Synchronous Optical Networking and Synchronous Digital Hierarchy are standardized multiplexing protocols that transfer multiple digital bit streams over optical fiber using lasers or highly coherent light from light-emitting diodes . At low transmission rates data can also be transferred via an... |
/s | /s | |
| OC-12/STM-4 Synchronous optical networking Synchronous Optical Networking and Synchronous Digital Hierarchy are standardized multiplexing protocols that transfer multiple digital bit streams over optical fiber using lasers or highly coherent light from light-emitting diodes . At low transmission rates data can also be transferred via an... |
/s | /s | |
| OC-18 Synchronous optical networking Synchronous Optical Networking and Synchronous Digital Hierarchy are standardized multiplexing protocols that transfer multiple digital bit streams over optical fiber using lasers or highly coherent light from light-emitting diodes . At low transmission rates data can also be transferred via an... |
/s | /s | |
| OC-24 Synchronous optical networking Synchronous Optical Networking and Synchronous Digital Hierarchy are standardized multiplexing protocols that transfer multiple digital bit streams over optical fiber using lasers or highly coherent light from light-emitting diodes . At low transmission rates data can also be transferred via an... |
/s | /s | |
| OC-36 Synchronous optical networking Synchronous Optical Networking and Synchronous Digital Hierarchy are standardized multiplexing protocols that transfer multiple digital bit streams over optical fiber using lasers or highly coherent light from light-emitting diodes . At low transmission rates data can also be transferred via an... |
/s | /s | |
| OC-48/STM-16 Synchronous optical networking Synchronous Optical Networking and Synchronous Digital Hierarchy are standardized multiplexing protocols that transfer multiple digital bit streams over optical fiber using lasers or highly coherent light from light-emitting diodes . At low transmission rates data can also be transferred via an... |
/s | /s | |
| OC-96 Synchronous optical networking Synchronous Optical Networking and Synchronous Digital Hierarchy are standardized multiplexing protocols that transfer multiple digital bit streams over optical fiber using lasers or highly coherent light from light-emitting diodes . At low transmission rates data can also be transferred via an... |
/s | /s | |
| OC-192/STM-64 Synchronous optical networking Synchronous Optical Networking and Synchronous Digital Hierarchy are standardized multiplexing protocols that transfer multiple digital bit streams over optical fiber using lasers or highly coherent light from light-emitting diodes . At low transmission rates data can also be transferred via an... |
/s | /s | |
| 10 Gigabit Ethernet WAN PHY 10 Gigabit Ethernet The 10 gigabit Ethernet computer networking standard was first published in 2002. It defines a version of Ethernet with a nominal data rate of 10 Gbit/s , ten times faster than gigabit Ethernet.10 gigabit Ethernet defines only full duplex point to point links which are generally connected by... |
/s | /s | |
| 10 Gigabit Ethernet LAN PHY 10 Gigabit Ethernet The 10 gigabit Ethernet computer networking standard was first published in 2002. It defines a version of Ethernet with a nominal data rate of 10 Gbit/s , ten times faster than gigabit Ethernet.10 gigabit Ethernet defines only full duplex point to point links which are generally connected by... |
/s | /s | |
| OC-256 Synchronous optical networking Synchronous Optical Networking and Synchronous Digital Hierarchy are standardized multiplexing protocols that transfer multiple digital bit streams over optical fiber using lasers or highly coherent light from light-emitting diodes . At low transmission rates data can also be transferred via an... |
/s | /s | |
| OC-768/STM-256 Synchronous optical networking Synchronous Optical Networking and Synchronous Digital Hierarchy are standardized multiplexing protocols that transfer multiple digital bit streams over optical fiber using lasers or highly coherent light from light-emitting diodes . At low transmission rates data can also be transferred via an... |
/s | /s | |
| OC-1536/STM-512 Synchronous optical networking Synchronous Optical Networking and Synchronous Digital Hierarchy are standardized multiplexing protocols that transfer multiple digital bit streams over optical fiber using lasers or highly coherent light from light-emitting diodes . At low transmission rates data can also be transferred via an... |
/s | /s | |
| OC-3072/STM-1024 Synchronous optical networking Synchronous Optical Networking and Synchronous Digital Hierarchy are standardized multiplexing protocols that transfer multiple digital bit streams over optical fiber using lasers or highly coherent light from light-emitting diodes . At low transmission rates data can also be transferred via an... |
/s | /s |
Local area networkLocal area networkA local area network is a computer network that interconnects computers in a limited area such as a home, school, computer laboratory, or office building...
s
| Technology | Rate (bit/s) | Rate (byte/s) | Year |
|---|---|---|---|
| LocalTalk LocalTalk LocalTalk is a particular implementation of the physical layer of the AppleTalk networking system from Apple Computer. LocalTalk specifies a system of shielded twisted pair cabling, plugged into self-terminating transceivers, running at a rate of 230.4 kbit/s... |
230/s | /s | |
| Econet Econet Econet was Acorn's low-cost local area network system, intended for use by schools and small businesses. Econet is rumoured to be an abbreviation of Economy Network, but Acorn were always careful to stress the Greek root, oikos, meaning "house".... |
800/s | 100/s | |
| Omninet | 1/s | 125/s | |
| PC-Network PC-Network PC-Network was a LAN system consisting of network cards, cables, and a small device driver known as NetBIOS . It used a data rate of 2 Mbit/s.... |
2/s | 250/s | |
| ARCNET ARCNET ARCNET is a local area network protocol, similar in purpose to Ethernet or Token Ring. ARCNET was the first widely available networking system for microcomputers and became popular in the 1980s for office automation tasks... (Standard) |
/s | /s | |
| Token Ring IBM token ring thumb|Two examples of token ring networks: a) Using a single [[Media Access Unit|MAU]] b) Using several MAUs connected to each otherthumb|Token ring networkthumb|IBM hermaphroditic connector with locking clipthumb|An IBM 8228 MAU... (Original) |
4/s | 500/s | 1985 |
| Ethernet Ethernet Ethernet is a family of computer networking technologies for local area networks commercially introduced in 1980. Standardized in IEEE 802.3, Ethernet has largely replaced competing wired LAN technologies.... (10BASE-X) |
10/s | /s | 1990 |
| Token Ring IBM token ring thumb|Two examples of token ring networks: a) Using a single [[Media Access Unit|MAU]] b) Using several MAUs connected to each otherthumb|Token ring networkthumb|IBM hermaphroditic connector with locking clipthumb|An IBM 8228 MAU... (Later) |
16/s | 2/s | 1989 |
| ARCnet Plus ARCNET ARCNET is a local area network protocol, similar in purpose to Ethernet or Token Ring. ARCNET was the first widely available networking system for microcomputers and became popular in the 1980s for office automation tasks... |
20/s | /s | |
| Token Ring IEEE 802.5t IBM token ring thumb|Two examples of token ring networks: a) Using a single [[Media Access Unit|MAU]] b) Using several MAUs connected to each otherthumb|Token ring networkthumb|IBM hermaphroditic connector with locking clipthumb|An IBM 8228 MAU... |
100/s | /s | |
| Fast Ethernet Fast Ethernet In computer networking, Fast Ethernet is a collective term for a number of Ethernet standards that carry traffic at the nominal rate of 100 Mbit/s, against the original Ethernet speed of 10 Mbit/s. Of the fast Ethernet standards 100BASE-TX is by far the most common and is supported by the... (100BASE-X) |
100/s | /s | 1995 |
| FDDI Fiber distributed data interface Fiber Distributed Data Interface provides a 100 Mbit/s optical standard for data transmission in a local area network that can extend in range up to . Although FDDI logical topology is a ring-based token network, it does not use the IEEE 802.5 token ring protocol as its basis; instead, its... |
100/s | /s | |
| MoCA Multimedia over Coax Alliance Multimedia over Coax Alliance is a trade group promoting a standard that uses coaxial cables to connect consumer electronics and home networking devices in homes. It allows both data communication and the transfer of audio and video streams.... 1.0 |
100/s | /s | |
| MoCA Multimedia over Coax Alliance Multimedia over Coax Alliance is a trade group promoting a standard that uses coaxial cables to connect consumer electronics and home networking devices in homes. It allows both data communication and the transfer of audio and video streams.... 1.1 |
175/s | /s | |
| FireWire (IEEE 1394) 400 | 400/s | 50/s | 1995 |
| HIPPI | 800/s | 100/s | |
| Token Ring IEEE 802.5v IBM token ring thumb|Two examples of token ring networks: a) Using a single [[Media Access Unit|MAU]] b) Using several MAUs connected to each otherthumb|Token ring networkthumb|IBM hermaphroditic connector with locking clipthumb|An IBM 8228 MAU... |
1/s | 125/s | 2001 |
| Gigabit Ethernet Gigabit Ethernet Gigabit Ethernet is a term describing various technologies for transmitting Ethernet frames at a rate of a gigabit per second , as defined by the IEEE 802.3-2008 standard. It came into use beginning in 1999, gradually supplanting Fast Ethernet in wired local networks where it performed... (1000BASE-X) |
1/s | 125/s | 1998 |
| Reflective Memory Dolphin Interconnect Solutions Dolphin Interconnect Solutions is a manufacturer of high speed data communication systems, located in Oslo, Norway and Woodsville, New Hampshire, USA... or RFM2 (1.25 µs Latency) |
2/s | 235/s | 1970 |
| Myrinet 2000 Myrinet Myrinet, ANSI/VITA 26-1998, is a high-speed local area networking system designed by Myricom to be used as an interconnect between multiple machines to form computer clusters. Myrinet has much lower protocol overhead than standards such as Ethernet, and therefore provides better throughput, less... |
2/s | 250/s | |
| Infiniband InfiniBand InfiniBand is a switched fabric communications link used in high-performance computing and enterprise data centers. Its features include high throughput, low latency, quality of service and failover, and it is designed to be scalable... SDR 1X |
2/s | 250/s | |
| Quadrics QsNetI QsNet QsNet is a high speed interconnect designed by Quadrics used in HPC clusters, particularly Linux Beowulf Clusters. Although it can be used with TCP/IP; like SCI, Myrinet and Infiniband it is usually used with a communication API such as MPI or SHMEM called from a parallel program.The interconnect... |
/s | 450/s | |
| Infiniband InfiniBand InfiniBand is a switched fabric communications link used in high-performance computing and enterprise data centers. Its features include high throughput, low latency, quality of service and failover, and it is designed to be scalable... DDR 1X |
4/s | 500/s | |
| Infiniband InfiniBand InfiniBand is a switched fabric communications link used in high-performance computing and enterprise data centers. Its features include high throughput, low latency, quality of service and failover, and it is designed to be scalable... QDR 1X |
8/s | 1/s | |
| Infiniband InfiniBand InfiniBand is a switched fabric communications link used in high-performance computing and enterprise data centers. Its features include high throughput, low latency, quality of service and failover, and it is designed to be scalable... SDR 4X |
8/s | 1/s | |
| Quadrics QsNetII QsNet II QsNet II is the latest generation of Quadrics Interconnect family products.Quadrics QsNetII interfaces to the host computer through the standard IO PCI-X bus.-Architecture:... |
8/s | 1/s | |
| 10 Gigabit Ethernet 10 Gigabit Ethernet The 10 gigabit Ethernet computer networking standard was first published in 2002. It defines a version of Ethernet with a nominal data rate of 10 Gbit/s , ten times faster than gigabit Ethernet.10 gigabit Ethernet defines only full duplex point to point links which are generally connected by... (10GBASE-X) |
10/s | /s | |
| Myri 10G Myrinet Myrinet, ANSI/VITA 26-1998, is a high-speed local area networking system designed by Myricom to be used as an interconnect between multiple machines to form computer clusters. Myrinet has much lower protocol overhead than standards such as Ethernet, and therefore provides better throughput, less... |
10/s | /s | |
| Infiniband InfiniBand InfiniBand is a switched fabric communications link used in high-performance computing and enterprise data centers. Its features include high throughput, low latency, quality of service and failover, and it is designed to be scalable... DDR 4X |
16/s | 2/s | |
| Scalable Coherent Interface (SCI) Dual Channel SCI, x8 PCIe | 20/s | /s | |
| Infiniband InfiniBand InfiniBand is a switched fabric communications link used in high-performance computing and enterprise data centers. Its features include high throughput, low latency, quality of service and failover, and it is designed to be scalable... SDR 12X |
24/s | 3/s | |
| Infiniband InfiniBand InfiniBand is a switched fabric communications link used in high-performance computing and enterprise data centers. Its features include high throughput, low latency, quality of service and failover, and it is designed to be scalable... QDR 4X |
32/s | 4/s | |
| 40 Gigabit Ethernet (40GBASE-X) | 40/s | 5/s | |
| Infiniband InfiniBand InfiniBand is a switched fabric communications link used in high-performance computing and enterprise data centers. Its features include high throughput, low latency, quality of service and failover, and it is designed to be scalable... DDR 12X |
48/s | 6/s | |
| Infiniband InfiniBand InfiniBand is a switched fabric communications link used in high-performance computing and enterprise data centers. Its features include high throughput, low latency, quality of service and failover, and it is designed to be scalable... QDR 12X |
96/s | 12/s | |
| 100 Gigabit Ethernet 100 Gigabit Ethernet 40 Gigabit Ethernet, or 40GbE, and 100 Gigabit Ethernet, or 100GbE, are high-speed computer network standards developed by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers . They support sending Ethernet frames at 40 and 100 gigabits per second over multiple 10 Gbit/s or 25 Gbit/s lanes... (100GBASE-X) |
100/s | /s |
Wireless networkWireless networkWireless network refers to any type of computer network that is not connected by cables of any kind. It is a method by which homes, telecommunications networks and enterprise installations avoid the costly process of introducing cables into a building, or as a connection between various equipment...
s
802.11 networks in infrastructure mode are half-duplex; all stations share the medium. In access point (infrastructure) mode, all traffic has to pass through the AP (Access PointWireless access point
In computer networking, a wireless access point is a device that allows wireless devices to connect to a wired network using Wi-Fi, Bluetooth or related standards...
). Thus, two stations on the same AP which are communicating with each other must have each and every frame transmitted twice: from the sender to the access point, then from the access point to the receiver. This approximately halves the effective bandwidth. In ad hoc mode devices communicate directly (like with a crossover cable) rather than to the network (like through a hub).
| Technology | Rate (bit/s) | Rate (byte/s) | Year |
|---|---|---|---|
| 802.11 IEEE 802.11 (legacy mode) IEEE 802.11 — or more correctly IEEE 802.11-1997 or IEEE 802.11-1999 — refer to the original version of the IEEE 802.11 wireless networking standard released in 1997 and clarified in 1999... (legacy) 0.125 |
2/s | /s | |
| RONJA RONJA RONJA is a Free Space Optics device originating in the Czech Republic. It transmits data wirelessly using beams of light. Ronja can be used to create a 10 Mbit/s full duplex Ethernet point-to-point link.... free space optical wireless (full duplex, so each way) |
10/s | /s | |
| 802.11b IEEE 802.11b-1999 IEEE 802.11b-1999 or 802.11b, is an amendment to the IEEE 802.11 specification that extended throughput up to 11 Mbit/s using the same 2.4 GHz band. This specification under the marketing name of Wi-Fi has been implemented all over the world... DSSS 0.125 |
11/s | /s | |
| 802.11b+ (TI Texas Instruments Texas Instruments Inc. , widely known as TI, is an American company based in Dallas, Texas, United States, which develops and commercializes semiconductor and computer technology... -proprietary extension to 802.11b IEEE 802.11b-1999 IEEE 802.11b-1999 or 802.11b, is an amendment to the IEEE 802.11 specification that extended throughput up to 11 Mbit/s using the same 2.4 GHz band. This specification under the marketing name of Wi-Fi has been implemented all over the world... , non-IEEE standard) DSSS 0.125 |
44/s | /s | |
| 802.11a IEEE 802.11a-1999 IEEE 802.11a-1999 or 802.11a is an amendment to the IEEE 802.11 specification that added a higher data rate of up to 54 Mbit/s using the 5 GHz band. It has seen widespread worldwide implementation, particularly within the corporate workspace... 0.75 |
54/s | /s | |
| 802.11g IEEE 802.11g-2003 IEEE 802.11g-2003 or 802.11g is an amendment to the IEEE 802.11 specification that extended throughput to up to 54 Mbit/s using the same 2.4 GHz band as 802.11b. This specification under the marketing name of Wi-Fi has been implemented all over the world... OFDM 0.125 |
54/s | /s | 2003 |
| 802.16 IEEE 802.16 IEEE 802.16 is a series of Wireless Broadband standards authored by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers . The IEEE Standards Board in established a working group in 1999 to develop standards for broadband Wireless Metropolitan Area Networks... (WiMAX WiMAX WiMAX is a communication technology for wirelessly delivering high-speed Internet service to large geographical areas. The 2005 WiMAX revision provided bit rates up to 40 Mbit/s with the 2011 update up to 1 Gbit/s for fixed stations... ) |
70/s | /s | 2004 |
| 802.11g IEEE 802.11g-2003 IEEE 802.11g-2003 or 802.11g is an amendment to the IEEE 802.11 specification that extended throughput to up to 54 Mbit/s using the same 2.4 GHz band as 802.11b. This specification under the marketing name of Wi-Fi has been implemented all over the world... with Super G Super G (wireless networking) Super G is Atheros' proprietary frame-bursting, compression and channel bonding technology to improve IEEE 802.11g wireless LAN performance. The throughput transmission speed limit when using Super G is claimed to be up to 40Mbit/s-60Mbit/s at a 108Mbit/s signaling rate, which is achieved through... (Atheros Atheros Qualcomm Atheros is a developer of semiconductors for network communications, particularly wireless chipsets. Founded under the name Atheros in 1998 by experts in signal processing from Stanford University, the University of California, Berkeley and the private industry, it became a public company... -proprietary extension to 802.11g IEEE 802.11g-2003 IEEE 802.11g-2003 or 802.11g is an amendment to the IEEE 802.11 specification that extended throughput to up to 54 Mbit/s using the same 2.4 GHz band as 802.11b. This specification under the marketing name of Wi-Fi has been implemented all over the world... ) DSSS 0.125 |
108/s | /s | |
| 802.11g IEEE 802.11g-2003 IEEE 802.11g-2003 or 802.11g is an amendment to the IEEE 802.11 specification that extended throughput to up to 54 Mbit/s using the same 2.4 GHz band as 802.11b. This specification under the marketing name of Wi-Fi has been implemented all over the world... with 125HSM 125 High Speed Mode 125 High Speed Mode is Broadcom's proprietary frame-bursting and compression technology to improve 802.11g wireless LAN performance... (a.k.a. Afterburner, Broadcom Broadcom Broadcom Corporation is a fabless semiconductor company in the wireless and broadband communication business. The company is headquartered in Irvine, California, USA. Broadcom was founded by a professor-student pair Henry Samueli and Henry T. Nicholas III from the University of California, Los... -proprietary extension to 802.11g IEEE 802.11g-2003 IEEE 802.11g-2003 or 802.11g is an amendment to the IEEE 802.11 specification that extended throughput to up to 54 Mbit/s using the same 2.4 GHz band as 802.11b. This specification under the marketing name of Wi-Fi has been implemented all over the world... ) |
125/s | /s | |
| 802.11g IEEE 802.11g-2003 IEEE 802.11g-2003 or 802.11g is an amendment to the IEEE 802.11 specification that extended throughput to up to 54 Mbit/s using the same 2.4 GHz band as 802.11b. This specification under the marketing name of Wi-Fi has been implemented all over the world... with Nitro Nitro (wireless networking) Nitro from Conexant is a proprietary 802.11g performance enhancement technology introduced in 2003 as part of the PRISM chipset... (Conexant Conexant Conexant Systems, Inc. is an American semiconductor company, formerly the semiconductor division of Rockwell International. Currently it's privately owned by Golden Gate Capital, an equity firm headquartered in San Francisco.-History:... -proprietary extension to 802.11g IEEE 802.11g-2003 IEEE 802.11g-2003 or 802.11g is an amendment to the IEEE 802.11 specification that extended throughput to up to 54 Mbit/s using the same 2.4 GHz band as 802.11b. This specification under the marketing name of Wi-Fi has been implemented all over the world... ) |
140/s | /s | |
| 802.11n IEEE 802.11n IEEE 802.11n-2009 is an amendment to the IEEE 802.11-2007 wireless networking standard to improve network throughput over the two previous standards—802.11a and 802.11g—with a significant increase in the maximum net data rate from 54 Mbit/s to 600 Mbit/s with the use of four... |
600/s | 75/s | 2009 |
Wireless personal area networks
| Technology | Rate (bit/s) | Rate (byte/s) | Year |
|---|---|---|---|
| IrDA IRDA IRDA may refer to:* Infrared Data Association, in information and communications technology , a standard for communication between devices over short distances using infrared signals... -Control |
72/s | 9/s | |
| IrDA IRDA IRDA may refer to:* Infrared Data Association, in information and communications technology , a standard for communication between devices over short distances using infrared signals... -SIR |
/s | 14/s | |
| 802.15.4 IEEE 802.15.4 IEEE 802.15.4 is a standard which specifies the physical layer and media access control for low-rate wireless personal area networks . It is maintained by the IEEE 802.15 working group.... (2.4 GHz) |
250/s | /s | |
| ANT ANT (network) ANT is a proprietary wireless sensor network technology featuring a wireless communications protocol stack that enables semiconductor radios operating in the 2.4 GHz Industrial, Scientific and Medical allocation of the RF spectrum to communicate by establishing standard rules for co-existence,... |
1/s | 125/s | |
| Bluetooth 1.1 Bluetooth Bluetooth is a proprietary open wireless technology standard for exchanging data over short distances from fixed and mobile devices, creating personal area networks with high levels of security... |
1/s | 125/s | 2002 |
| Bluetooth 2.0+EDR Bluetooth Bluetooth is a proprietary open wireless technology standard for exchanging data over short distances from fixed and mobile devices, creating personal area networks with high levels of security... |
3/s | 375/s | 2004 |
| IrDA IRDA IRDA may refer to:* Infrared Data Association, in information and communications technology , a standard for communication between devices over short distances using infrared signals... -FIR |
4/s | 500/s | |
| IrDA IRDA IRDA may refer to:* Infrared Data Association, in information and communications technology , a standard for communication between devices over short distances using infrared signals... -VFIR |
16/s | 2/s | |
| Bluetooth 3.0 Bluetooth Bluetooth is a proprietary open wireless technology standard for exchanging data over short distances from fixed and mobile devices, creating personal area networks with high levels of security... |
24/s | 3/s | 2009 |
| IrDA IRDA IRDA may refer to:* Infrared Data Association, in information and communications technology , a standard for communication between devices over short distances using infrared signals... -UFIR |
96/s | 12/s | |
| WUSB Wireless USB Wireless USB is a short-range, high-bandwidth wireless radio communication protocol created by the . Wireless USB is sometimes abbreviated as "WUSB", although the USB Implementers Forum discourages this practice and instead prefers to call the technology "Certified Wireless USB" to distinguish it... -UWB Ultra-wideband Ultra-wideband is a radio technology that can be used at very low energy levels for short-range high-bandwidth communications by using a large portion of the radio spectrum. UWB has traditional applications in non-cooperative radar imaging... |
480/s | 60/s | |
| IrDA IRDA IRDA may refer to:* Infrared Data Association, in information and communications technology , a standard for communication between devices over short distances using infrared signals... -Giga-IR |
1,024/s | 128/s |
Main buses
| Technology | Rate (bit/s) | Rate (byte/s) | Year |
|---|---|---|---|
| I2c | /s | 425/s | |
| Apple II series Apple II series The Apple II series is a set of 8-bit home computers, one of the first highly successful mass-produced microcomputer products, designed primarily by Steve Wozniak, manufactured by Apple Computer and introduced in 1977 with the original Apple II... (incl. Apple IIGS Apple IIGS The Apple , the fifth and most powerful model in the Apple II series of personal computers produced by Apple Computer. The "GS" in the name stands for Graphics and Sound, referring to its enhanced graphics and sound capabilities, both of which greatly surpassed previous models of the line... ) 8-bit/1 MHz |
8/s | 1/s, | |
| SS-50 Bus SS-50 Bus The SS-50 bus was an early computer bus designed as a part of the SWTPC 6800 Computer System that used the Motorola 6800 CPU. The SS-50 motherboard would have around seven 50-pin connectors for CPU and memory boards plus eight 30-pin connectors for I/O boards... 8-bit/1(?) MHz |
8/s | 1/s | |
| ISA Industry Standard Architecture Industry Standard Architecture is a computer bus standard for IBM PC compatible computers introduced with the IBM Personal Computer to support its Intel 8088 microprocessor's 8-bit external data bus and extended to 16 bits for the IBM Personal Computer/AT's Intel 80286 processor... 8-Bit/4.77 MHz |
/s | /s | 1981 |
| STD80 8-bit/8 MHz | 16/s | 2/s | |
| STD80 16-bit/8 MHz | 32/s | 4/s | |
| Zorro II Zorro II Zorro II is the name of the general purpose expansion bus used by the Amiga 2000 computer. The bus is mainly a buffered extension of the Motorola 68000 bus, with support for bus mastering DMA. The expansion slots use a 100-pin connector and the card form factor is the same as the IBM PC... 16-bit/7.14 MHz |
/s | /s | 1986 |
| S-100 bus S-100 bus The S-100 bus or Altair bus, IEEE696-1983 , was an early computer bus designed in 1974 as a part of the Altair 8800, generally considered today to be the first personal computer... 8-bit/10 MHz |
80/s | 10/s | |
| Low Pin Count Low Pin Count The Low Pin Count bus, or LPC bus, is used on IBM-compatible personal computers to connect low-bandwidth devices to the CPU, such as the boot ROM and the "legacy" I/O devices . The "legacy" I/O devices usually include serial and parallel ports, PS/2 keyboard, PS/2 mouse, floppy disk controller... |
/s | /s | |
| C-Bus 16-bit/10 MHz | 160/s | 20/s | |
| HP Precision Bus HP Precision Bus The HP Precision bus is the data transfer bus of the proprietary Hewlett Packard architecture HP 3000. This bus gives a 32 bits data path with an 8 MHz clock. It supports a maximum transfer rate of 23 MB/s in burst mode... |
184/s | 23/s | |
| EISA Extended Industry Standard Architecture The Extended Industry Standard Architecture is a bus standard for IBM PC compatible computers... 8-16-32bit/8.33 MHz |
/s | /s | 1988 |
| STD 32 32-bit/8 MHz | 256/s | 32/s | |
| NESA 32-bit/8 MHz | 256/s | 32/s | |
| VME64 VMEbus VMEbus is a computer bus standard, originally developed for the Motorola 68000 line of CPUs, but later widely used for many applications and standardized by the IEC as ANSI/IEEE 1014-1987. It is physically based on Eurocard sizes, mechanicals and connectors , but uses its own signalling system,... 32-64bit |
400/s | 40/s | |
| NuBus NuBus NuBus is a 32-bit parallel computer bus, originally developed at MIT as a part of the NuMachine workstation project. The first complete implementation of the NuBus and the NuMachine was done by Western Digital for their NuMachine, and for the Lisp Machines Inc. LMI-Lambda. The NuBus was later... 10 MHz |
400/s | 40/s | |
| DEC TURBOchannel TURBOchannel TURBOchannel is an open computer bus developed by DEC by during the late 1980s and early 1990s. Although it was open for any vendor to implement in their own systems, it was mostly used in Digital's own systems such as the MIPS-based DECstation and DECsystem systems, in the VAXstation 4000, and in... 32-bit/12.5 MHz |
400/s | 50/s | |
| MCA Micro Channel architecture Micro Channel Architecture was a proprietary 16- or 32-bit parallel computer bus introduced by IBM in 1987 which was used on PS/2 and other computers through the mid 1990s.- Background :... 16-32bit/10 MHz |
660/s | 66/s | 1987 |
| NuBus NuBus NuBus is a 32-bit parallel computer bus, originally developed at MIT as a part of the NuMachine workstation project. The first complete implementation of the NuBus and the NuMachine was done by Western Digital for their NuMachine, and for the Lisp Machines Inc. LMI-Lambda. The NuBus was later... 90 20 MHz |
800/s | 80/s | |
| APbus 32-bit/25(?) MHz | 800/s | 100/s | |
| Sbus SBus SBus is a computer bus system that was used in most SPARC-based computers from Sun Microsystems and others during the 1990s... 32-bit/25 MHz |
800/s | 100/s | |
| DEC TURBOchannel TURBOchannel TURBOchannel is an open computer bus developed by DEC by during the late 1980s and early 1990s. Although it was open for any vendor to implement in their own systems, it was mostly used in Digital's own systems such as the MIPS-based DECstation and DECsystem systems, in the VAXstation 4000, and in... 32-bit/25 MHz |
800/s | 100/s | |
| Local Bus 98 32-bit/33 MHz | 1,056/s | 132/s | |
| VESA Local Bus - VLB VESA Local Bus The VESA Local Bus was mostly used in personal computers. VESA Local Bus worked alongside the ISA bus; it acted as a high-speed conduit for memory-mapped I/O and DMA, while the ISA bus handled interrupts and port-mapped I/O.-Historical overview:In the early 1990s, the I/O bandwidth of... 32-bit/33 MHz |
1,067/s | /s | 1992 |
| PCI Peripheral Component Interconnect Conventional PCI is a computer bus for attaching hardware devices in a computer... 32-bit/33 MHz |
1,067/s | /s | 1993 |
| HP GSC-1X GSC bus GSC is a bus used in many of the HP 9000 workstations and servers. The acronym has various explanations, including Gecko System Connect , Gonzo System Connect and General System Connect.... |
1,136/s | 142/s | |
| Zorro III Zorro III Released as the expansion bus of the Commodore Amiga 3000 in 1990, the Zorro III computer bus was used to attach peripheral devices to an Amiga motherboard. Designed by Commodore International lead engineer Dave Haynie, the 32-bit Zorro III replaced the 16-bit Zorro II bus used in the Amiga 2000... 32-bit/37.5 MHz |
1,200/s | 150/s | 1990 |
| VESA Local Bus - VLB VESA Local Bus The VESA Local Bus was mostly used in personal computers. VESA Local Bus worked alongside the ISA bus; it acted as a high-speed conduit for memory-mapped I/O and DMA, while the ISA bus handled interrupts and port-mapped I/O.-Historical overview:In the early 1990s, the I/O bandwidth of... 32-bit/40 MHz |
1,280/s | 160/s | 1992 |
| Sbus SBus SBus is a computer bus system that was used in most SPARC-based computers from Sun Microsystems and others during the 1990s... 64-bit/25 MHz |
/s | 200/s | |
| PCI Express PCI Express PCI Express , officially abbreviated as PCIe, is a computer expansion card standard designed to replace the older PCI, PCI-X, and AGP bus standards... 1.0 (x1 link) |
2/s | 250/s | 2004 |
| HP GSC-2X GSC bus GSC is a bus used in many of the HP 9000 workstations and servers. The acronym has various explanations, including Gecko System Connect , Gonzo System Connect and General System Connect.... |
/s | 256/s | |
| PCI Peripheral Component Interconnect Conventional PCI is a computer bus for attaching hardware devices in a computer... 64-bit/33 MHz |
/s | /s | 1993 |
| PCI Peripheral Component Interconnect Conventional PCI is a computer bus for attaching hardware devices in a computer... 32-bit/66 MHz |
/s | /s | 1995 |
| AGP Accelerated Graphics Port The Accelerated Graphics Port is a high-speed point-to-point channel for attaching a video card to a computer's motherboard, primarily to assist in the acceleration of 3D computer graphics. Since 2004 AGP has been progressively phased out in favor of PCI Express... 1x |
/s | /s | 1997 |
| HIO bus | /s | 320/s | |
| GIO GIO GIO is a computer bus standard developed by SGI and used in a variety of their products in the 1990s as their primary expansion system. GIO was similar in concept to competing standards such as NuBus or PCI, but saw little use outside SGI and severely limited the devices available on their... 64 64-bit/40 MHz |
/s | 320/s | |
| PCI Express PCI Express PCI Express , officially abbreviated as PCIe, is a computer expansion card standard designed to replace the older PCI, PCI-X, and AGP bus standards... 1.0 (x2 link) |
4/s | 500/s | |
| PCI Express PCI Express PCI Express , officially abbreviated as PCIe, is a computer expansion card standard designed to replace the older PCI, PCI-X, and AGP bus standards... 2.0 (x1 link) |
4/s | 500/s | |
| AGP Accelerated Graphics Port The Accelerated Graphics Port is a high-speed point-to-point channel for attaching a video card to a computer's motherboard, primarily to assist in the acceleration of 3D computer graphics. Since 2004 AGP has been progressively phased out in favor of PCI Express... 2x |
/s | /s | |
| PCI Peripheral Component Interconnect Conventional PCI is a computer bus for attaching hardware devices in a computer... 64-bit/66 MHz |
/s | /s | |
| PCI-X PCI-X PCI-X, short for PCI-eXtended, is a computer bus and expansion card standard that enhances the 32-bit PCI Local Bus for higher bandwidth demanded by servers. It is a double-wide version of PCI, running at up to four times the clock speed, but is otherwise similar in electrical implementation and... DDR 16-bit |
/s | /s | |
| PCI Peripheral Component Interconnect Conventional PCI is a computer bus for attaching hardware devices in a computer... 64-bit/100 MHz |
/s | 800/s | |
| RapidIO RapidIO The RapidIO architecture is a high-performance packet-switched, interconnect technology for interconnecting chips on a circuit board, and also circuit boards to each other using a backplane... (1 lane) |
/s | /s | |
| Unified Media Interface (UMI) (x4 link) | 8/s | 1/s | |
| Direct Media Interface Direct Media Interface The Direct Media Interface is the link between an Intel northbridge and an Intel southbridge on a computer motherboard. It was first used between the 9xx chipsets and the ICH6, released in 2004. Previous chipsets had used the Hub Interface to perform the same function. Server chipsets use a... (DMI) (x4 link) |
8/s | 1/s | |
| Enterprise Southbridge Interface Direct Media Interface The Direct Media Interface is the link between an Intel northbridge and an Intel southbridge on a computer motherboard. It was first used between the 9xx chipsets and the ICH6, released in 2004. Previous chipsets had used the Hub Interface to perform the same function. Server chipsets use a... (ESI) |
8/s | 1/s | |
| PCI Express PCI Express PCI Express , officially abbreviated as PCIe, is a computer expansion card standard designed to replace the older PCI, PCI-X, and AGP bus standards... 1.0 (x4 link) |
8/s | 1/s | |
| AGP Accelerated Graphics Port The Accelerated Graphics Port is a high-speed point-to-point channel for attaching a video card to a computer's motherboard, primarily to assist in the acceleration of 3D computer graphics. Since 2004 AGP has been progressively phased out in favor of PCI Express... 4x |
/s | /s | |
| PCI-X PCI-X PCI-X, short for PCI-eXtended, is a computer bus and expansion card standard that enhances the 32-bit PCI Local Bus for higher bandwidth demanded by servers. It is a double-wide version of PCI, running at up to four times the clock speed, but is otherwise similar in electrical implementation and... 133 |
/s | /s | |
| PCI-X PCI-X PCI-X, short for PCI-eXtended, is a computer bus and expansion card standard that enhances the 32-bit PCI Local Bus for higher bandwidth demanded by servers. It is a double-wide version of PCI, running at up to four times the clock speed, but is otherwise similar in electrical implementation and... QDR 16-bit |
/s | /s | |
| InfiniBand InfiniBand InfiniBand is a switched fabric communications link used in high-performance computing and enterprise data centers. Its features include high throughput, low latency, quality of service and failover, and it is designed to be scalable... single 4X |
8/s | 1/s | |
| UPA Ultra Port Architecture The Ultra Port Architecture bus was developed by Sun Microsystems as a high-speed graphics card to CPU interconnect, beginning with the Ultra 1 workstation in 1995.-External links:*... |
/s | /s | |
| Unified Media Interface 2.0 (UMI 2.0) (x4 link) | 16/s | 2/s | |
| Direct Media Interface Direct Media Interface The Direct Media Interface is the link between an Intel northbridge and an Intel southbridge on a computer motherboard. It was first used between the 9xx chipsets and the ICH6, released in 2004. Previous chipsets had used the Hub Interface to perform the same function. Server chipsets use a... 2.0 (DMI 2.0) (x4 link) |
16/s | 2/s | |
| PCI Express PCI Express PCI Express , officially abbreviated as PCIe, is a computer expansion card standard designed to replace the older PCI, PCI-X, and AGP bus standards... 1.0 (x8 link) |
16/s | 2/s | |
| PCI Express PCI Express PCI Express , officially abbreviated as PCIe, is a computer expansion card standard designed to replace the older PCI, PCI-X, and AGP bus standards... 2.0 (x4 link) |
16/s | 2/s | |
| AGP Accelerated Graphics Port The Accelerated Graphics Port is a high-speed point-to-point channel for attaching a video card to a computer's motherboard, primarily to assist in the acceleration of 3D computer graphics. Since 2004 AGP has been progressively phased out in favor of PCI Express... 8x |
/s | /s | |
| PCI-X PCI-X PCI-X, short for PCI-eXtended, is a computer bus and expansion card standard that enhances the 32-bit PCI Local Bus for higher bandwidth demanded by servers. It is a double-wide version of PCI, running at up to four times the clock speed, but is otherwise similar in electrical implementation and... DDR |
/s | /s | |
| HyperTransport HyperTransport HyperTransport , formerly known as Lightning Data Transport , is a technology for interconnection of computer processors. It is a bidirectional serial/parallel high-bandwidth, low-latency point-to-point link that was introduced on April 2, 2001... (800 MHz, 16-pair) |
/s | /s | 2001 |
| HyperTransport HyperTransport HyperTransport , formerly known as Lightning Data Transport , is a technology for interconnection of computer processors. It is a bidirectional serial/parallel high-bandwidth, low-latency point-to-point link that was introduced on April 2, 2001... (1 GHz, 16-pair) |
32/s | 4/s | |
| PCI Express PCI Express PCI Express , officially abbreviated as PCIe, is a computer expansion card standard designed to replace the older PCI, PCI-X, and AGP bus standards... 1.0 (x16 link) |
32/s | 4/s | |
| PCI Express PCI Express PCI Express , officially abbreviated as PCIe, is a computer expansion card standard designed to replace the older PCI, PCI-X, and AGP bus standards... 2.0 (x8 link) |
32/s | 4/s | |
| PCI-X PCI-X PCI-X, short for PCI-eXtended, is a computer bus and expansion card standard that enhances the 32-bit PCI Local Bus for higher bandwidth demanded by servers. It is a double-wide version of PCI, running at up to four times the clock speed, but is otherwise similar in electrical implementation and... QDR |
/s | /s | |
| AGP Accelerated Graphics Port The Accelerated Graphics Port is a high-speed point-to-point channel for attaching a video card to a computer's motherboard, primarily to assist in the acceleration of 3D computer graphics. Since 2004 AGP has been progressively phased out in favor of PCI Express... 8x 64-bit |
/s | /s | |
| PCI Express PCI Express PCI Express , officially abbreviated as PCIe, is a computer expansion card standard designed to replace the older PCI, PCI-X, and AGP bus standards... 1.0 (x32 link) |
64/s | 8/s | 2001 |
| PCI Express PCI Express PCI Express , officially abbreviated as PCIe, is a computer expansion card standard designed to replace the older PCI, PCI-X, and AGP bus standards... 2.0 (x16 link) |
64/s | 8/s | 2007 |
| PCI Express PCI Express PCI Express , officially abbreviated as PCIe, is a computer expansion card standard designed to replace the older PCI, PCI-X, and AGP bus standards... 3.0 (x16 link) |
/s | /s | 2011 |
| PCI Express PCI Express PCI Express , officially abbreviated as PCIe, is a computer expansion card standard designed to replace the older PCI, PCI-X, and AGP bus standards... 2.0 (x32 link) |
128/s | 16/s | |
| QPI (4.80GT/s, 2.40 GHz) | /s | /s | |
| HyperTransport HyperTransport HyperTransport , formerly known as Lightning Data Transport , is a technology for interconnection of computer processors. It is a bidirectional serial/parallel high-bandwidth, low-latency point-to-point link that was introduced on April 2, 2001... 2.0 (1.4 GHz, 32-pair) |
/s | /s | 2004 |
| QPI (5.86GT/s, 2.93 GHz) | /s | /s | |
| QPI (6.40GT/s, 3.20 GHz) | /s | /s | |
| PCI Express PCI Express PCI Express , officially abbreviated as PCIe, is a computer expansion card standard designed to replace the older PCI, PCI-X, and AGP bus standards... 3.0 (x32 link) |
/s | /s | 2011 |
| HyperTransport HyperTransport HyperTransport , formerly known as Lightning Data Transport , is a technology for interconnection of computer processors. It is a bidirectional serial/parallel high-bandwidth, low-latency point-to-point link that was introduced on April 2, 2001... 3.0 (2.6 GHz, 32-pair) |
/s | /s | 2006 |
| HyperTransport HyperTransport HyperTransport , formerly known as Lightning Data Transport , is a technology for interconnection of computer processors. It is a bidirectional serial/parallel high-bandwidth, low-latency point-to-point link that was introduced on April 2, 2001... 3.1 (3.2 GHz, 32-pair) |
/s | /s | 2008 |
Portable
| Technology | Rate (bit/s) | Rate (byte/s) | Year |
|---|---|---|---|
| PC Card PC Card In computing, PC Card is the form factor of a peripheral interface designed for laptop computers. The PC Card standard was defined and developed by the Personal Computer Memory Card International Association which itself was created by a number of computer industry companies in the United States... 16-bit 255ns Byte mode |
/s | /s | |
| PC Card 16-bit 255ns Word mode | /s | /s | |
| PC Card 16-bit 100ns Byte mode | 80/s | 10/s | |
| PC Card 16-bit 100ns Word mode | 160/s | 20/s | |
| PC Card 32-bit (CardBus) Byte mode | 267/s | /s | |
| ExpressCard ExpressCard ExpressCard is an interface to allow peripheral devices to be connected to a computer, usually a laptop computer. Formerly called NEWCARD, the ExpressCard standard specifies the design of slots built into the computer and of cards which can be inserted into ExpressCard slots. The cards contain... 1.2 USB Universal Serial Bus USB is an industry standard developed in the mid-1990s that defines the cables, connectors and protocols used in a bus for connection, communication and power supply between computers and electronic devices.... 2.0 mode |
480/s | 60/s | |
| PC Card 32-bit (CardBus) Word mode | 533/s | /s | |
| PC Card 32-bit (CardBus) DWord mode | 1,067/s | /s | |
| ExpressCard ExpressCard ExpressCard is an interface to allow peripheral devices to be connected to a computer, usually a laptop computer. Formerly called NEWCARD, the ExpressCard standard specifies the design of slots built into the computer and of cards which can be inserted into ExpressCard slots. The cards contain... 1.2 PCI Express PCI Express PCI Express , officially abbreviated as PCIe, is a computer expansion card standard designed to replace the older PCI, PCI-X, and AGP bus standards... mode |
2,500/s | 250/s | |
| ExpressCard ExpressCard ExpressCard is an interface to allow peripheral devices to be connected to a computer, usually a laptop computer. Formerly called NEWCARD, the ExpressCard standard specifies the design of slots built into the computer and of cards which can be inserted into ExpressCard slots. The cards contain... 2.0 USB Universal Serial Bus USB is an industry standard developed in the mid-1990s that defines the cables, connectors and protocols used in a bus for connection, communication and power supply between computers and electronic devices.... 3.0 mode |
4,800/s | 600/s | |
| ExpressCard ExpressCard ExpressCard is an interface to allow peripheral devices to be connected to a computer, usually a laptop computer. Formerly called NEWCARD, the ExpressCard standard specifies the design of slots built into the computer and of cards which can be inserted into ExpressCard slots. The cards contain... 2.0 PCI Express PCI Express PCI Express , officially abbreviated as PCIe, is a computer expansion card standard designed to replace the older PCI, PCI-X, and AGP bus standards... mode |
5,000/s | 625/s |
Storage
| Technology | Rate (bit/s) | Rate (byte/s) | Year |
|---|---|---|---|
| PC Floppy Disk Controller (1.2 MB / 1.44MB) | /s | /s | |
| CD Controller (1x) | /s | /s | |
| MFM ST-506 The ST-506 was the first 5.25 inch hard disk drive. Introduced in 1980 by Seagate Technology , it stored up to 5 megabytes after formatting and cost $1500. The similar 10 MB ST-412 was introduced in late 1981. Both used MFM encoding... |
5/s | /s | |
| RLL ST-506 The ST-506 was the first 5.25 inch hard disk drive. Introduced in 1980 by Seagate Technology , it stored up to 5 megabytes after formatting and cost $1500. The similar 10 MB ST-412 was introduced in late 1981. Both used MFM encoding... |
/s | /s | |
| DVD Controller (1x) | /s | /s | |
| ESDI Enhanced Small Disk Interface Enhanced Small Disk Interface was a disk interface designed by Maxtor Corporation in the early 1980s to be a follow-on to the ST-506 interface... |
24/s | 3/s | |
| ATA PIO Programmed input/output Programmed input/output is a method of transferring data between the CPU and a peripheral such as a network adapter or an ATA storage device.... Mode 0 |
/s | /s | |
| HD DVD Controller (1x) | 36/s | /s | |
| Blu-ray Controller (1x) | 36/s | /s | |
| SCSI (Narrow SCSI) (5 MHz) | 40/s | 5/s | |
| ATA AT Attachment Parallel ATA , originally ATA, is an interface standard for the connection of storage devices such as hard disks, solid-state drives, floppy drives, and optical disc drives in computers. The standard is maintained by X3/INCITS committee... PIO Mode 1 |
/s | /s | |
| ATA AT Attachment Parallel ATA , originally ATA, is an interface standard for the connection of storage devices such as hard disks, solid-state drives, floppy drives, and optical disc drives in computers. The standard is maintained by X3/INCITS committee... PIO Mode 2 |
/s | /s | |
| Fast SCSI (8 bits/10 MHz) | 80/s | 10/s | |
| ATA AT Attachment Parallel ATA , originally ATA, is an interface standard for the connection of storage devices such as hard disks, solid-state drives, floppy drives, and optical disc drives in computers. The standard is maintained by X3/INCITS committee... PIO Mode 3 |
/s | /s | |
| AoE over Fast Ethernet, per path | 100/s | /s | |
| iSCSI ISCSI In computing, iSCSI , is an abbreviation of Internet Small Computer System Interface, an Internet Protocol -based storage networking standard for linking data storage facilities. By carrying SCSI commands over IP networks, iSCSI is used to facilitate data transfers over intranets and to manage... over Fast Ethernet |
100/s | /s | |
| ATA AT Attachment Parallel ATA , originally ATA, is an interface standard for the connection of storage devices such as hard disks, solid-state drives, floppy drives, and optical disc drives in computers. The standard is maintained by X3/INCITS committee... PIO Mode 4 |
/s | /s | |
| Fast Wide SCSI (16 bits/10 MHz) | 160/s | 20/s | |
| Ultra SCSI (Fast-20 SCSI) (8 bits/20 MHz) | 160/s | 20/s | |
| Ultra DMA Direct memory access Direct memory access is a feature of modern computers that allows certain hardware subsystems within the computer to access system memory independently of the central processing unit .... ATA AT Attachment Parallel ATA , originally ATA, is an interface standard for the connection of storage devices such as hard disks, solid-state drives, floppy drives, and optical disc drives in computers. The standard is maintained by X3/INCITS committee... 33 |
264/s | 33/s | |
| Ultra Wide SCSI (16 bits/20 MHz) | 320/s | 40/s | |
| Ultra-2 SCSI 40 (Fast-40 SCSI) (8 bits/40 MHz) | 320/s | 40/s | |
| Ultra DMA ATA AT Attachment Parallel ATA , originally ATA, is an interface standard for the connection of storage devices such as hard disks, solid-state drives, floppy drives, and optical disc drives in computers. The standard is maintained by X3/INCITS committee... 66 |
/s | /s | |
| Ultra-2 wide SCSI (16 bits/40 MHz) | 640/s | 80/s | |
| Serial Storage Architecture SSA Serial Storage Architecture Serial Storage Architecture is a serial transport protocol used to attach disk drives to servers. It was invented by Ian Judd of IBM in 1990... |
640/s | 80/s | |
| Ultra DMA ATA AT Attachment Parallel ATA , originally ATA, is an interface standard for the connection of storage devices such as hard disks, solid-state drives, floppy drives, and optical disc drives in computers. The standard is maintained by X3/INCITS committee... 100 |
800/s | 100/s | |
| Fibre Channel Fibre Channel Fibre Channel, or FC, is a gigabit-speed network technology primarily used for storage networking. Fibre Channel is standardized in the T11 Technical Committee of the InterNational Committee for Information Technology Standards , an American National Standards Institute –accredited standards... 1GFC (1.0625 GHz) |
850/s | /s | |
| AoE over Gigabit Ethernet, per path | 1,000/s | 125/s | |
| iSCSI ISCSI In computing, iSCSI , is an abbreviation of Internet Small Computer System Interface, an Internet Protocol -based storage networking standard for linking data storage facilities. By carrying SCSI commands over IP networks, iSCSI is used to facilitate data transfers over intranets and to manage... over Gigabit Ethernet |
1,000/s | 125/s | |
| Ultra DMA ATA AT Attachment Parallel ATA , originally ATA, is an interface standard for the connection of storage devices such as hard disks, solid-state drives, floppy drives, and optical disc drives in computers. The standard is maintained by X3/INCITS committee... 133 |
1,064/s | 133/s | |
| Serial ATA Serial ATA Serial ATA is a computer bus interface for connecting host bus adapters to mass storage devices such as hard disk drives and optical drives... (SATA-150) |
1,500/s | /s | |
| Ultra-3 SCSI (Ultra 160 SCSI; Fast-80 Wide SCSI) (16 bits/40 MHz DDR) | 1,280/s | 160/s | |
| Fibre Channel Fibre Channel Fibre Channel, or FC, is a gigabit-speed network technology primarily used for storage networking. Fibre Channel is standardized in the T11 Technical Committee of the InterNational Committee for Information Technology Standards , an American National Standards Institute –accredited standards... 2GFC (2.125 GHz) |
1,700/s | /s | |
| Serial ATA 2 (SATA-300) | 3,000/s | 375/s | |
| Serial Attached SCSI Serial Attached SCSI Serial Attached SCSI is a computer bus used to move data to and from computer storage devices such as hard drives and tape drives. SAS depends on a point-to-point serial protocol that replaces the parallel SCSI bus technology that first appeared in the mid 1980s in data centers and workstations,... (SAS) |
2,400/s | 300/s | |
| Ultra-320 SCSI (Ultra4 SCSI) (16 bits/80 MHz DDR) | 2,560/s | 320/s | |
| Fibre Channel Fibre Channel Fibre Channel, or FC, is a gigabit-speed network technology primarily used for storage networking. Fibre Channel is standardized in the T11 Technical Committee of the InterNational Committee for Information Technology Standards , an American National Standards Institute –accredited standards... 4GFC (4.25 GHz) |
3,400/s | 425/s | |
| Serial ATA 3 (SATA-600) | 6,000/s | 750/s | |
| Serial Attached SCSI Serial Attached SCSI Serial Attached SCSI is a computer bus used to move data to and from computer storage devices such as hard drives and tape drives. SAS depends on a point-to-point serial protocol that replaces the parallel SCSI bus technology that first appeared in the mid 1980s in data centers and workstations,... (SAS) 2 |
4,800/s | 600/s | |
| Ultra-640 SCSI (16 bits/160 MHz DDR) | 5,120/s | 640/s | |
| Fibre Channel Fibre Channel Fibre Channel, or FC, is a gigabit-speed network technology primarily used for storage networking. Fibre Channel is standardized in the T11 Technical Committee of the InterNational Committee for Information Technology Standards , an American National Standards Institute –accredited standards... 8GFC (8.50 GHz) |
6,800/s | 850/s | |
| AoE over 10GbE, per path | 10,000/s | 1,250/s | |
| iSCSI ISCSI In computing, iSCSI , is an abbreviation of Internet Small Computer System Interface, an Internet Protocol -based storage networking standard for linking data storage facilities. By carrying SCSI commands over IP networks, iSCSI is used to facilitate data transfers over intranets and to manage... over 10GbE |
10,000/s | 1,250/s | |
| FCoE Fibre Channel over Ethernet Fibre Channel over Ethernet is an encapsulation of Fibre Channel frames over Ethernet networks. This allows Fibre Channel to use 10 Gigabit Ethernet networks while preserving the Fibre Channel protocol... over 10GbE |
10,000/s | 1,250/s | |
| iSCSI ISCSI In computing, iSCSI , is an abbreviation of Internet Small Computer System Interface, an Internet Protocol -based storage networking standard for linking data storage facilities. By carrying SCSI commands over IP networks, iSCSI is used to facilitate data transfers over intranets and to manage... over InfiniBand InfiniBand InfiniBand is a switched fabric communications link used in high-performance computing and enterprise data centers. Its features include high throughput, low latency, quality of service and failover, and it is designed to be scalable... 4x |
40,000/s | 5,000/s | |
| iSCSI ISCSI In computing, iSCSI , is an abbreviation of Internet Small Computer System Interface, an Internet Protocol -based storage networking standard for linking data storage facilities. By carrying SCSI commands over IP networks, iSCSI is used to facilitate data transfers over intranets and to manage... over 100G Ethernet (hypothetical) |
100,000/s | 12,500/s | |
| FCoE Fibre Channel over Ethernet Fibre Channel over Ethernet is an encapsulation of Fibre Channel frames over Ethernet networks. This allows Fibre Channel to use 10 Gigabit Ethernet networks while preserving the Fibre Channel protocol... over 100G Ethernet (hypothetical) |
100,000/s | 12,500/s |
Peripheral
| Technology | Rate (bit/s) | Rate (byte/s) | Year |
|---|---|---|---|
| CBM Bus IEEE-488 IEEE-488 is a short-range digital communications bus specification. It was created for use with automated test equipment in the late 1960s, and is still in use for that purpose. IEEE-488 was created as HP-IB , and is commonly called GPIB... |
/s | /s | 1981 |
| Apple Desktop Bus Apple Desktop Bus Apple Desktop Bus is an obsolete bit-serial computer bus connecting low-speed devices to computers. Used primarily on the Macintosh platform, ADB equipment is still available but not supported by most Apple hardware manufactured since 1999.... |
/s | /s | |
| Serial MIDI | /s | /s | |
| Serial EIA-232 max. | /s | /s | |
| Serial DMX512A | /s | /s | |
| Parallel IEEE 1284 IEEE 1284 is a standard that defines bi-directional parallel communications between computers and other devices.-History:In the 1970s, Centronics developed the now-familiar printer parallel port that soon became a de facto standard... (Centronics Centronics Centronics Data Computer Corporation was a pioneering American manufacturer of computer printers, now remembered primarily for the parallel interface that bears its name.-The beginning:Centronics began as a division of Wang Laboratories... ) |
1/s | 125/s | |
| Serial 16550 UART 16550 UART The 16550 UART is an integrated circuit designed for implementing the interface for serial communications... max |
/s | /s | |
| USB Universal Serial Bus USB is an industry standard developed in the mid-1990s that defines the cables, connectors and protocols used in a bus for connection, communication and power supply between computers and electronic devices.... Low Speed |
/s | 192/s | 1996 |
| Serial UART Universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter A universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter, abbreviated UART , is a type of "asynchronous receiver/transmitter", a piece of computer hardware that translates data between parallel and serial forms. UARTs are commonly used in conjunction with communication standards such as EIA RS-232, RS-422 or... max |
/s | /s | |
| GPIB/HPIB (IEEE-488.1) IEEE-488 IEEE-488 IEEE-488 is a short-range digital communications bus specification. It was created for use with automated test equipment in the late 1960s, and is still in use for that purpose. IEEE-488 was created as HP-IB , and is commonly called GPIB... max |
8/s | 1/s | |
| Serial EIA-422 EIA-422 RS-422 is a technical standard that specifies electrical characteristics of a digital signalling circuit. Differential-mode signals can be sent at rates as high as 10 million bits per second, or may be sent on cables as long as 1200 metres. Some systems directly interconnect using RS 422 signals,... max |
10/s | /s | |
| USB Universal Serial Bus USB is an industry standard developed in the mid-1990s that defines the cables, connectors and protocols used in a bus for connection, communication and power supply between computers and electronic devices.... Full Speed |
12/s | /s | 1996 |
| Parallel IEEE 1284 IEEE 1284 is a standard that defines bi-directional parallel communications between computers and other devices.-History:In the 1970s, Centronics developed the now-familiar printer parallel port that soon became a de facto standard... (Centronics Centronics Centronics Data Computer Corporation was a pioneering American manufacturer of computer printers, now remembered primarily for the parallel interface that bears its name.-The beginning:Centronics began as a division of Wang Laboratories... ) EPP 2 MHz |
16/s | 2/s | |
| Serial EIA-485 max | 35/s | /s | |
| GPIB/HPIB (IEEE-488.1-2003) IEEE-488 IEEE-488 IEEE-488 is a short-range digital communications bus specification. It was created for use with automated test equipment in the late 1960s, and is still in use for that purpose. IEEE-488 was created as HP-IB , and is commonly called GPIB... max |
64/s | 8/s | |
| FireWire (IEEE 1394) 100 | /s | /s | 1995 |
| FireWire (IEEE 1394) 200 | /s | /s | 1995 |
| FireWire (IEEE 1394) 400 | /s | /s | 1995 |
| USB Universal Serial Bus USB is an industry standard developed in the mid-1990s that defines the cables, connectors and protocols used in a bus for connection, communication and power supply between computers and electronic devices.... Hi-Speed (USB 2.0) |
480/s | 60/s | 2000 |
| FireWire (IEEE 1394b) 800 | /s | /s | |
| Fibre Channel Fibre Channel Fibre Channel, or FC, is a gigabit-speed network technology primarily used for storage networking. Fibre Channel is standardized in the T11 Technical Committee of the InterNational Committee for Information Technology Standards , an American National Standards Institute –accredited standards... 1Gb SCSI SCSI Small Computer System Interface is a set of standards for physically connecting and transferring data between computers and peripheral devices. The SCSI standards define commands, protocols, and electrical and optical interfaces. SCSI is most commonly used for hard disks and tape drives, but it... |
/s | 100/s | |
| FireWire (IEEE 1394b) 1600 | 1,573/s | /s | |
| Camera Link Camera Link Camera Link is a serial communication protocol designed for computer vision applications based on the National Semiconductor interface Channel-link. It was designed for the purpose of standardizing scientific and industrial video products including cameras, cables and frame grabbers... Base (single) 24bit 85 MHz |
2,040/s | 255/s | |
| Fibre Channel Fibre Channel Fibre Channel, or FC, is a gigabit-speed network technology primarily used for storage networking. Fibre Channel is standardized in the T11 Technical Committee of the InterNational Committee for Information Technology Standards , an American National Standards Institute –accredited standards... 2Gb SCSI SCSI Small Computer System Interface is a set of standards for physically connecting and transferring data between computers and peripheral devices. The SCSI standards define commands, protocols, and electrical and optical interfaces. SCSI is most commonly used for hard disks and tape drives, but it... |
2,125/s | 200/s | |
| eSATA (SATA 300) | 2,400/s | 300/s | 2004 |
| CoaXPress Base (up and down bidirectional link) | /s + /s | 390/s | 2009 |
| FireWire (IEEE 1394b) 3200 | /s | /s | |
| Fibre Channel Fibre Channel Fibre Channel, or FC, is a gigabit-speed network technology primarily used for storage networking. Fibre Channel is standardized in the T11 Technical Committee of the InterNational Committee for Information Technology Standards , an American National Standards Institute –accredited standards... 4Gb SCSI SCSI Small Computer System Interface is a set of standards for physically connecting and transferring data between computers and peripheral devices. The SCSI standards define commands, protocols, and electrical and optical interfaces. SCSI is most commonly used for hard disks and tape drives, but it... |
/s | /s | |
| USB Universal Serial Bus USB is an industry standard developed in the mid-1990s that defines the cables, connectors and protocols used in a bus for connection, communication and power supply between computers and electronic devices.... Super Speed (USB 3.0) |
5/s | 625/s | 2010 |
| Camera Link Camera Link Camera Link is a serial communication protocol designed for computer vision applications based on the National Semiconductor interface Channel-link. It was designed for the purpose of standardizing scientific and industrial video products including cameras, cables and frame grabbers... Full (dual) 64bit 85 MHz |
/s | 680/s | |
| CoaXPress Full (up and down bidirectional link) | /s + /s | 781/s | 2009 |
| Thunderbolt | 10/s x 2 | /s x 2 | 2011 |
| External PCI Express x16 | 32/s | 4/s |
MACMedia Access ControlThe media access control data communication protocol sub-layer, also known as the medium access control, is a sublayer of the data link layer specified in the seven-layer OSI model , and in the four-layer TCP/IP model...
to PHYPHYPHY is an abbreviation for the physical layer of the OSI model.An instantiation of PHY connects a link layer device to a physical medium such as an optical fiber or copper cable. A PHY device typically includes a Physical Coding Sublayer and a Physical Medium Dependent layer. The PCS encodes and...
| Technology | Rate (bit/s) | Rate (byte/s) | Year |
|---|---|---|---|
| MII Media Independent Interface The Media Independent Interface was originally defined as a standard interface used to connect a Fast Ethernet MAC-block to a PHY chip.The MII design has been extended to support reduced signals and increases speeds... (4 Lanes) |
100/s | /s | |
| RMII (2 Lanes) | 100/s | /s | |
| SMII (1 Lane) | 100/s | /s | |
| GMII (8 Lanes) | /s | 125/s | |
| RGMII (4 Lanes) | /s | 125/s | |
| SGMII (2 Lanes) | /s | 125/s | |
| XGMII (32 Lanes) | /s | /s | |
| XAUI XAUI XAUI is a standard for extending the XGMII between the MAC and PHY layer of 10 Gigabit Ethernet . XAUI is pronounced "zowie", a concatenation of the Roman numeral X, meaning ten, and the initials of "Attachment Unit Interface"... (4 Lanes) |
/s | /s | |
| XLGMII | /s | 5/s | |
| CGMII | /s | /s |
PHYPHYPHY is an abbreviation for the physical layer of the OSI model.An instantiation of PHY connects a link layer device to a physical medium such as an optical fiber or copper cable. A PHY device typically includes a Physical Coding Sublayer and a Physical Medium Dependent layer. The PCS encodes and...
to XPDR
| Technology | Rate (bit/s) | Rate (byte/s) | Year |
|---|---|---|---|
| XSBI XSBI XSBI stands for the 10 Gigabit Ethernet 16-bit Interface as defined by the IEEE 802.3ae Working Group. It is intended to be an electrical interface between 300-pin MSA optical transponders and the ICs sitting on the system side.... (16 lanes) |
/s | /s |
Memory Interconnect/RAM buses
Dual channel bandwidths are theoretical maxima and do not always reflect real world performance. In many cases, performance may be closer to single channel operation (half the bandwidth).| Device | Rate (bit/s) | Rate (byte/s) | Rate (MHz) | DDR # |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FPM DRAM | /s | /s | ||
| EDO DRAM | /s | /s | ||
| SPARC SPARC SPARC is a RISC instruction set architecture developed by Sun Microsystems and introduced in mid-1987.... MBus |
/s | /s | ||
| PC-66 SDRAM 64-bit | /s | /s | ||
| PC-100 SDRAM | /s | /s | ||
| HP Runway bus 125 MHz 64-bit Runway bus The Runway bus is a front side bus developed by Hewlett-Packard for use by its PA-RISC microprocessor family. The Runway bus is a 64-bit wide, split transaction, time multiplexed address and data bus running at 120 MHz... |
/s | /s | ||
| PC-133 SDRAM | /s | /s | ||
| PC-800 RDRAM RDRAM Direct Rambus DRAM or DRDRAM is a type of synchronous dynamic RAM. RDRAM was developed by Rambus inc., in the mid-1990s as a replacement for then-prevalent DIMM SDRAM memory architecture.... (single-channel 64-bit) |
/s | /s | ||
| PC-1600 DDR DDR SDRAM Double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory is a class of memory integrated circuits used in computers. DDR SDRAM has been superseded by DDR2 SDRAM and DDR3 SDRAM, neither of which are either forward or backward compatible with DDR SDRAM, meaning that DDR2 or DDR3 memory modules... -SDRAM (single channel 64-bit) |
/s | /s | ||
| HP Runway bus 125 MHz 64-bit DDR Runway bus The Runway bus is a front side bus developed by Hewlett-Packard for use by its PA-RISC microprocessor family. The Runway bus is a 64-bit wide, split transaction, time multiplexed address and data bus running at 120 MHz... |
16/s | 2/s | ||
| PC-1066 RDRAM (single-channel 64-bit) | /s | /s | ||
| PC-2100 DDR-SDRAM (single channel 64-bit) | /s | /s | 266 MHz | DDR-266 |
| PC-1200 RDRAM (single-channel 64-bit) | /s | /s | ||
| PC-2700 DDR-SDRAM (single channel 64-bit) | /s | /s | 333 MHz | DDR-333 |
| PC-800 RDRAM (dual-channel 128-bit) | /s | /s | ||
| PC-1600 DDR-SDRAM (dual channel 128-bit) | /s | /s | ||
| PC-3200 DDR-SDRAM (single channel 64-bit) | /s | /s | 400 MHz | DDR-400 |
| PC2-3200 DDR2 DDR2 SDRAM DDR2 SDRAM is a double data rate synchronous dynamic random-access memory interface. It supersedes the original DDR SDRAM specification and has itself been superseded by DDR3 SDRAM... -SDRAM (Single channel) |
/s | /s | 400 MHz | DDR2-400 |
| PC-4000 DDR-SDRAM (single channel 64-bit) | /s | /s | 500 MHz | DDR-500 |
| PC-1066 RDRAM (dual-channel 128-bit) | /s | /s | ||
| PC-2100 DDR-SDRAM (dual channel 128-bit) | /s | /s | ||
| PC2-4200 DDR2-SDRAM (single channel 64-bit) | /s | /s | 533 MHz | DDR2-533 |
| PC-1200 RDRAM (dual-channel 128-bit) | /s | /s | 300 MHz | ???????? |
| PC2-5300 DDR2-SDRAM (single channel 64-bit) | /s | /s | 667 MHz | DDR2-667 |
| PC2-5400 DDR2-SDRAM (single channel 64-bit) | /s | /s | 667 MHz | DDR2-667 |
| PC-2700 DDR-SDRAM (dual channel 128-bit) | /s | /s | ||
| PC-3200 DDR-SDRAM (dual channel 128-bit) | /s | /s | ||
| PC2-3200 DDR2-SDRAM (dual channel 128-bit) | /s | /s | ||
| PC2-6400 DDR2-SDRAM (single channel 64-bit) | /s | /s | 800 MHz | DDR2-800 |
| Itanium Itanium Itanium is a family of 64-bit Intel microprocessors that implement the Intel Itanium architecture . Intel markets the processors for enterprise servers and high-performance computing systems... zx1 Zx1 The zx1 chipset is chipset for the Itanium 2 and PA-RISC microprocessors from Hewlett Packard. It is used in some of their HP Integrity servers and workstations. It supports up to four microprocessors... bus |
/s | /s | ||
| PC-4000 DDR-SDRAM (dual channel 128-bit) | /s | /s | 500 MHz | DDR-500 |
| PC2-4200 DDR2-SDRAM (dual channel 128-bit) | /s | /s | 533 MHz | DDR2-533 |
| PC2-5300 DDR2-SDRAM (dual channel 128-bit) | /s | /s | 667 MHz | DDR2-667 |
| PC2-5400 DDR2-SDRAM (dual channel 128-bit) | /s | /s | 667 MHz | DDR2-667 |
| PC2-6400 DDR2-SDRAM (dual channel 128-bit) | /s | /s | 800 MHz | DDR2-800 |
| PC2-8000 DDR2-SDRAM (dual channel 128-bit) | /s | /s | 1,000 MHz | DDR2-1000 |
| PC2-8500 DDR2-SDRAM (dual channel 128-bit) | /s | 17/s | 1,066 MHz | DDR2-1066 |
| PC3-8500 DDR3 DDR3 SDRAM In computing, DDR3 SDRAM, an abbreviation for double data rate type three synchronous dynamic random access memory, is a modern kind of dynamic random access memory with a high bandwidth interface. It is one of several variants of DRAM and associated interface techniques used since the early 1970s... -SDRAM (single channel 64-bit) |
/s | /s | 1,066 MHz | DDR3-1066 |
| PC3-8500 DDR3 DDR3 SDRAM In computing, DDR3 SDRAM, an abbreviation for double data rate type three synchronous dynamic random access memory, is a modern kind of dynamic random access memory with a high bandwidth interface. It is one of several variants of DRAM and associated interface techniques used since the early 1970s... -SDRAM (dual channel 128-bit) |
/s | /s | 1,066 MHz | DDR3-1066 |
| PC3-8500 DDR3 DDR3 SDRAM In computing, DDR3 SDRAM, an abbreviation for double data rate type three synchronous dynamic random access memory, is a modern kind of dynamic random access memory with a high bandwidth interface. It is one of several variants of DRAM and associated interface techniques used since the early 1970s... -SDRAM (triple channel 192-bit) |
/s | /s | 1,066 MHz | DDR3-1066 |
| PC3-10600 DDR3-SDRAM (dual channel 128-bit) | /s | /s | 1,333 MHz | DDR3-1333 |
| PC3-10600 DDR3-SDRAM (triple channel 192-bit) | /s | /s | 1,333 MHz | DDR3-1333 |
| PC3-12800 DDR3-SDRAM (dual channel 128-bit) | /s | /s | 1,600 MHz | DDR3-1600 |
| PC3-12800 DDR3-SDRAM (triple channel 192-bit) | /s | /s | 1,600 MHz | DDR3-1600 |
| PC3-14400 DDR3-SDRAM (dual channel 128-bit) | /s | /s | 1,800 MHz | DDR3-1800 |
| PC3-14400 DDR3-SDRAM (triple channel 192-bit) | /s | /s | 1,800 MHz | DDR3-1800 |
| PC3-14900 DDR3-SDRAM (dual channel 128-bit) | /s | /s | 1,866 MHz | DDR3-1866 |
| PC3-14900 DDR3-SDRAM (triple channel 192-bit) | /s | /s | 1,866 MHz | DDR3-1866 |
| PC3-15000 DDR3-SDRAM (dual channel 128-bit) | /s | /s | 1,866 MHz | DDR3-1866 |
| PC3-15000 DDR3-SDRAM (triple channel 192-bit) | /s | /s | 1,866 MHz | DDR3-1866 |
| PC3-16000 DDR3-SDRAM (dual channel 128-bit) | /s | /s | 2,000 MHz | DDR3-2000 |
| PC3-16000 DDR3-SDRAM (triple channel 192-bit) | /s | /s | 2,000 MHz | DDR3-2000 |
| PC3-17000 DDR3-SDRAM (dual channel 128-bit) | /s | /s | 2,133 MHz | DDR3-2133 |
| PC3-17000 DDR3-SDRAM (triple channel 192-bit) | /s | /s | 2,133 MHz | DDR3-2133 |
| PC3-17066 DDR3-SDRAM (dual channel 128-bit) | /s | /s | 2,133 MHz | DDR3-2133 |
| PC3-17066 DDR3-SDRAM (triple channel 192-bit) | /s | /s | 2,133 MHz | DDR3-2133 |
| PC3-17600 DDR3-SDRAM (dual channel 128-bit) | /s | /s | 2,200 MHz | DDR3-2200 |
| PC3-17600 DDR3-SDRAM (triple channel 192-bit) | /s | /s | 2,200 MHz | DDR3-2200 |
| PC3-20000 DDR3-SDRAM (dual channel 128-bit) | /s | /s | 2,500 MHz | DDR3-2500 |
| PC3-20000 DDR3-SDRAM (triple channel 192-bit) | /s | /s | 2,500 MHz | DDR3-2500 |
Digital audio
| Device | Rate (bit/s) | Rate (byte/s) |
|---|---|---|
| CD Audio (16-bit PCM) | Kbit/s | KB/s |
| S/PDIF | Mbit/s | MB/s |
| I²S I²S I2S, also known as Inter-IC Sound, Integrated Interchip Sound, or IIS, is an electrical serial bus interface standard used for connecting digital audio devices together. It is most commonly used to carry PCM information between the CD transport and the DAC in a CD player... |
Mbit/s @ 24bit/48 kHz | MB/s |
| AC'97 | Mbit/s | MB/s |
| McASP McASP McASP is an acronym for Multichannel Audio Serial Port, a communication peripheral found in Texas Instruments family of digital signal processors .... |
??? | ??? |
| Intel High Definition Audio Intel High Definition Audio Intel High Definition Audio refers to the specification released by Intel in 2004 for delivering high-definition audio that is capable of playing back more channels at higher quality than previous integrated audio codecs like AC'97... Rev. 1.0 |
48 (outbound) & 24 (inbound) Mbit/s | 6 & 3 MB/s (outbound & inbound) |
| ADAT Lightpipe ADAT Lightpipe The ADAT Lightpipe, officially the ADAT Optical Interface, is a standard for the transfer of digital audio between equipment. It was originally developed by Alesis but has since become widely accepted, with many third party hardware manufacturers including Lightpipe interfaces on their equipment... (Type I) |
Mbit/s | MB/s |
| AES/EBU AES/EBU AES3 is the standard used for the transport of digital audio signals between professional audio devices. It is also known as AES/EBU and is published by the Audio Engineering Society and as part of IEC 60958. It was developed by the AES and the European Broadcasting Union and first published in... |
Mbit/s @ 24bit/48 kHz | MB/s |
| MADI MADI Multichannel Audio Digital Interface, MADI or AES10 is an industry-standard electronic communications protocol that defines the data format and electrical characteristics of an interface carrying multiple channels of digital audio. The Audio Engineering Society standard for MADI was originally... |
100 Mbit/s | MB/s |
Digital video interconnects
Data rates given are from the video source (e.g. video card) to receiving device (e.g. monitor) only. Out of band and reverse signaling channels are not included.| Device | Rate (bit/s) | Rate (byte/s) |
|---|---|---|
| HD-SDI Serial Digital Interface Serial digital interface is a family of video interfaces standardized by SMPTE. For example, ITU-R BT.656 and SMPTE 259M define digital video interfaces used for broadcast-grade video... (SMPTE 292M SMPTE 292M SMPTE 292M is a standard published by SMPTE which expands upon SMPTE 259M and SMPTE 344M allowing for bit-rates of 1.485 Gbit/s, and 1.485/1.001 Gbit/s... ) |
/s | /s |
| LVDS Display Interface OpenLDI OpenLDI is a high-bandwidth digital interface standard for connecting flat panel LCD monitors to computers. While it is virtually unknown in standalone displays, it has a strong basis in the interconnect for internal displays, as in laptops. OpenLDI is based on the de-facto FPD-Link specification... |
/s | /s |
| 3G-SDI Serial Digital Interface Serial digital interface is a family of video interfaces standardized by SMPTE. For example, ITU-R BT.656 and SMPTE 259M define digital video interfaces used for broadcast-grade video... (SMPTE 424M SMPTE 424M "SMPTE 424M" is a standard published by SMPTE which expands upon SMPTE 259M, SMPTE 344M, and SMPTE 292M allowing for bit-rates of 2.970 Gbit/s and 2.970/1.001 Gbit/s over a single-link coaxial cable. These bit-rates are sufficient for 1080p video at 50 or 60 frames per second... ) |
/s | /s |
| Single link DVI Digital Visual Interface The Digital Visual Interface is a video interface standard covering the transmission of video between a source device and a display device. The DVI standard has achieved widespread acceptance in the PC industry, both in desktop PCs and monitors... |
/s | /s † |
| HDMI HDMI HDMI is a compact audio/video interface for transmitting uncompressed digital data. It is a digital alternative to consumer analog standards, such as radio frequency coaxial cable, composite video, S-Video, SCART, component video, D-Terminal, or VGA... v1.0 |
/s | /s † |
| DisplayPort DisplayPort DisplayPort is a digital display interface standard produced by the Video Electronics Standards Association . The specification defines a royalty-free digital interconnect for audio and video. The interface is primarily used to connect a video source to a display device such as a computer monitor... v1.0 (4-lane reduced rate) |
/s | /s † |
| Dual link DVI Digital Visual Interface The Digital Visual Interface is a video interface standard covering the transmission of video between a source device and a display device. The DVI standard has achieved widespread acceptance in the PC industry, both in desktop PCs and monitors... |
/s | /s † |
| HDMI HDMI HDMI is a compact audio/video interface for transmitting uncompressed digital data. It is a digital alternative to consumer analog standards, such as radio frequency coaxial cable, composite video, S-Video, SCART, component video, D-Terminal, or VGA... v1.3 |
/s | /s † |
| DisplayPort DisplayPort DisplayPort is a digital display interface standard produced by the Video Electronics Standards Association . The specification defines a royalty-free digital interconnect for audio and video. The interface is primarily used to connect a video source to a display device such as a computer monitor... v1.0 (4-lane full rate) |
/s | /s † |
| DisplayPort DisplayPort DisplayPort is a digital display interface standard produced by the Video Electronics Standards Association . The specification defines a royalty-free digital interconnect for audio and video. The interface is primarily used to connect a video source to a display device such as a computer monitor... v1.2 (4-lane) |
/s | /s † |
† Uses 8B/10B encoding for video data - effective data rate is 80% of the symbol rate
See also
- BitrateBitrateIn telecommunications and computing, bit rate is the number of bits that are conveyed or processed per unit of time....
(including Bitrates in multimedia) - Comparison of mobile phone standardsComparison of mobile phone standards-Issues:Global System for Mobile Communications and IS-95 were the two most prevalent 2G mobile communication technologies in 2007...
- Comparison of wireless data standardsComparison of wireless data standards- Introduction :A wide variety of different wireless data technologies exist, some in direct competition with one another, others designed for specific applications...
- List of Internet access technology bit rates in the Digital bandwidth article
- OFDM system comparison table
- SneakernetSneakernetSneakernet is an informal term describing the transfer of electronic information, especially computer files, by physically couriering removable media such as magnetic tape, floppy disks, compact discs, USB flash drives, or external hard drives from one computer to another. This is usually in lieu...
- Spectral efficiency comparison table
External links
- Interconnection Speeds Compared
- Need for Speed: Theoretical Bandwidth Comparison — Contains a graph (from 2004) illustrating digital bandwidths