Andean music
Encyclopedia
Andean music comes from the general area inhabited by Quechuas, Aymaras and other peoples that lived roughly in the area of the Inca Empire
prior to European contact. It includes folklore music of parts of Argentina
, Bolivia
, Ecuador
, Chile
, Colombia
, Peru
and Venezuela
. Andean music is popular to different degrees across Latin America, having its core public in rural areas and among indigenous populations. The Nueva Canción
movement of the 70s revived the genre across Latin America and brought it to places where it was unknown or forgotten.
The panpipes group include the sikú
(or zampoña) and antara
. These are ancient indigenous instruments that vary in size, tuning and style. Instruments in this group are constructed from aquatic reeds found in many lakes in the Andean Region of South America. The sikú has two rows of canes and are tuned in either pentatonic or diatonic scales. Some modern single-rowed panpipes modeled after the native Antara are capable of playing full scales, while traditional Sikús are played using two rows of canes wrapped together. It is still commonplace for two performers to share a melody
while playing the larger style of sikú called the toyo
. This style of voicing interspersed notes between two musicians is called playing in hocket
and is still in use today in many of the huaynos traditional songs and contemporary Andean music.
Quena
s (notched-end flute
s) remain popular and are traditionally made out of the same aquatic canes as the Sikús, although PVC
pipe is sometimes used due to its resistance to heat, cold and humidity. Generally, quenas only are played during the dry season, with vertical flutes, either pinkillo
s or tarka
s, being played during the wet season. Tarkas are constructed from local Andean hard wood sources. Marching band
s dominated by drum
s and panpipes are commonplace today and are used to celebrate weddings, carnivals and other holidays.
revolution in 1952, leading to increased rights and social awareness for natives. The new government established a folklore
department in the Bolivian Ministry of Education and radio station
s began broadcasting
in Aymara and Quechua.
By 1965, an influential group called Los Jairas
formed in La Paz
, Bolivia; the quartet fused native sounds into forms suitable for urban Europeans and the middle class
. One member of Los Jairas, Gilbert Favre
(a Swiss-French flautist
) had previously been an acquaintance of the Parras (Ángel
, Isabel
, and their mother Violeta
) in Paris. The Parras eventually began promoting indigenous music in Santiago, Chile
.
The late 1960s released native groups such as Ruphay, Grupo Aymara
, and the emblematic quechua singer, Luzmila Carpio
. Later Chilean groups such as Inti-Illimani
and Los Curacas took the fusion work of Los Jairas and the Parras to invent nueva canción
, which returned to Bolivia in the 1980s in the form of canto nuevo artists such as Emma Junaro
and Matilde Casazola
.
The 1970s was a decade in which Andean music saw its biggest growth. Different groups sprang out of the different villages throughout the Andes
Region. Peru, Ecuador, Chile, Bolivia, Colombia and Argentina.
Many musicians made their way to the big cities forming different bands and groups. One of the most legendary was Los Kjarkas
, from Bolivia
. Singing and composing songs that became huge hits in Bolivia and would later become Andean standards.
They would later take Andean music to the rest of the world.
coast of Colombia, cumbia
became a hit in Peru and through much of Latin America. It was then adapted to a "Peruvian" version called "Chicha" that has become a popular style in the Andean region, specially among in the lower socioeconomic strata of the society including Quechua and Aymara populations. Several Andean music genres have also borrowed elements originally introduced by the Peruvian "cumbia" such as electric bass
guitars, electronic percussion
and little from the original cumbia rhythm.
movement that begun in the 60s, Nueva canción musicians both interpreted old songs and created new pieces that are now considered andean music. Some Nueva canción musicians such as Los Jaivas
would fuse Andean music with psychedelic
and progressive rock
.
wave of the 80s and 90s largely rejected Nueva canción and folklore in favor of new hard rock
, pop rock
, punk
, alternative rock
and new wave
sounds some elements of Andean music has been featured in rock en Español
songs such as Cuando pase el temblor
by Soda Stereo
and Lamento boliviano by Los Enanitos Verdes
.
Inca Empire
The Inca Empire, or Inka Empire , was the largest empire in pre-Columbian America. The administrative, political and military center of the empire was located in Cusco in modern-day Peru. The Inca civilization arose from the highlands of Peru sometime in the early 13th century...
prior to European contact. It includes folklore music of parts of Argentina
Argentina
Argentina , officially the Argentine Republic , is the second largest country in South America by land area, after Brazil. It is constituted as a federation of 23 provinces and an autonomous city, Buenos Aires...
, Bolivia
Bolivia
Bolivia officially known as Plurinational State of Bolivia , is a landlocked country in central South America. It is the poorest country in South America...
, Ecuador
Ecuador
Ecuador , officially the Republic of Ecuador is a representative democratic republic in South America, bordered by Colombia on the north, Peru on the east and south, and by the Pacific Ocean to the west. It is one of only two countries in South America, along with Chile, that do not have a border...
, Chile
Chile
Chile ,officially the Republic of Chile , is a country in South America occupying a long, narrow coastal strip between the Andes mountains to the east and the Pacific Ocean to the west. It borders Peru to the north, Bolivia to the northeast, Argentina to the east, and the Drake Passage in the far...
, Colombia
Colombia
Colombia, officially the Republic of Colombia , is a unitary constitutional republic comprising thirty-two departments. The country is located in northwestern South America, bordered to the east by Venezuela and Brazil; to the south by Ecuador and Peru; to the north by the Caribbean Sea; to the...
, Peru
Peru
Peru , officially the Republic of Peru , is a country in western South America. It is bordered on the north by Ecuador and Colombia, on the east by Brazil, on the southeast by Bolivia, on the south by Chile, and on the west by the Pacific Ocean....
and Venezuela
Venezuela
Venezuela , officially called the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela , is a tropical country on the northern coast of South America. It borders Colombia to the west, Guyana to the east, and Brazil to the south...
. Andean music is popular to different degrees across Latin America, having its core public in rural areas and among indigenous populations. The Nueva Canción
Nueva canción
Nueva canción is a movement and genre within Latin American and Iberian music of folk music, folk-inspired music and socially committed music...
movement of the 70s revived the genre across Latin America and brought it to places where it was unknown or forgotten.
Instruments
Siku (panpipe)
The Siku , is a traditional Andean panpipe. This instrument is the main instrument used in a musical genre known as the Sikuri. It is traditionally found all across the Andes but is more typically associated with music from the Kollasuyo, or Aymara speaking regions around Lake Titicaca...
(or zampoña) and antara
Antara
Antara is the equivalent of a verse in Hindustani classical music.In Hindustani classical music, the fixed section is in four parts of which only the first two are performed regularly: Sthayi - the first line of the Sthayi serves as a Cadence , while the section itself serves as a base for the...
. These are ancient indigenous instruments that vary in size, tuning and style. Instruments in this group are constructed from aquatic reeds found in many lakes in the Andean Region of South America. The sikú has two rows of canes and are tuned in either pentatonic or diatonic scales. Some modern single-rowed panpipes modeled after the native Antara are capable of playing full scales, while traditional Sikús are played using two rows of canes wrapped together. It is still commonplace for two performers to share a melody
Melody
A melody , also tune, voice, or line, is a linear succession of musical tones which is perceived as a single entity...
while playing the larger style of sikú called the toyo
Toyo
TOYO may refer to:Places:*Tōyō, Kōchi, a town in Japan*Tōyo, Ehime, a former city in Japan*Toyo Province, a Japanese province divided in 683*Toyo, Democratic Republic of the CongoCorporations:*Toyo Engineering Corporation, Japan...
. This style of voicing interspersed notes between two musicians is called playing in hocket
Hocket
In music, hocket is the rhythmic linear technique using the alternation of notes, pitches, or chords. In medieval practice of hocket, a single melody is shared between two voices such that alternately one voice sounds while the other rests.In European music, hocket was used primarily in vocal...
and is still in use today in many of the huaynos traditional songs and contemporary Andean music.
Quena
Quena
The quena is the traditional flute of the Andes. Usually made of bamboo or wood, it has 6 finger holes and one thumb hole and is open on both ends. To produce sound, the player closes the top end of the pipe with the flesh between his chin and lower lip, and blows a stream of air downward, along...
s (notched-end flute
Flute
The flute is a musical instrument of the woodwind family. Unlike woodwind instruments with reeds, a flute is an aerophone or reedless wind instrument that produces its sound from the flow of air across an opening...
s) remain popular and are traditionally made out of the same aquatic canes as the Sikús, although PVC
Polyvinyl chloride
Polyvinyl chloride, commonly abbreviated PVC, is a thermoplastic polymer. It is a vinyl polymer constructed of repeating vinyl groups having one hydrogen replaced by chloride. Polyvinyl chloride is the third most widely produced plastic, after polyethylene and polypropylene. PVC is widely used in...
pipe is sometimes used due to its resistance to heat, cold and humidity. Generally, quenas only are played during the dry season, with vertical flutes, either pinkillo
Pinkillo
A Pinkillo is a flute found throughout the Andes, used primarily in Peru, Chile, and Bolivia. It is usually played with one hand, leaving the other one free to accompany oneself on a tambor...
s or tarka
Tarka
Tarka can mean:*Tarka, also Chaunk, a common word used in India cuisine to describe the word seasoning*Tarka, Nigeria, a Local Government Area in Benue State, Nigeria*Tarka, Niger*Tarka the Otter, a novel by Henry Williamson...
s, being played during the wet season. Tarkas are constructed from local Andean hard wood sources. Marching band
Marching band
Marching band is a physical activity in which a group of instrumental musicians generally perform outdoors and incorporate some type of marching with their musical performance. Instrumentation typically includes brass, woodwinds, and percussion instruments...
s dominated by drum
Drum
The drum is a member of the percussion group of musical instruments, which is technically classified as the membranophones. Drums consist of at least one membrane, called a drumhead or drum skin, that is stretched over a shell and struck, either directly with the player's hands, or with a...
s and panpipes are commonplace today and are used to celebrate weddings, carnivals and other holidays.
Modern history
The twentieth century saw drastic changes in Andean society and culture. Bolivia, for example, saw a nationalisticNationalism
Nationalism is a political ideology that involves a strong identification of a group of individuals with a political entity defined in national terms, i.e. a nation. In the 'modernist' image of the nation, it is nationalism that creates national identity. There are various definitions for what...
revolution in 1952, leading to increased rights and social awareness for natives. The new government established a folklore
Folklore
Folklore consists of legends, music, oral history, proverbs, jokes, popular beliefs, fairy tales and customs that are the traditions of a culture, subculture, or group. It is also the set of practices through which those expressive genres are shared. The study of folklore is sometimes called...
department in the Bolivian Ministry of Education and radio station
Radio station
Radio broadcasting is a one-way wireless transmission over radio waves intended to reach a wide audience. Stations can be linked in radio networks to broadcast a common radio format, either in broadcast syndication or simulcast or both...
s began broadcasting
Broadcasting
Broadcasting is the distribution of audio and video content to a dispersed audience via any audio visual medium. Receiving parties may include the general public or a relatively large subset of thereof...
in Aymara and Quechua.
By 1965, an influential group called Los Jairas
Los Jairas
Los Jairas are a folk music band from Bolivia. They have worked with Los Condores. Their work features the charango, a stringed instrument from Bolivia.They were formed in 1965 by [Gilbert Favre, founder of the folklore cabaret La Pena Naira in La Paz]....
formed in La Paz
La Paz
Nuestra Señora de La Paz is the administrative capital of Bolivia, as well as the departmental capital of the La Paz Department, and the second largest city in the country after Santa Cruz de la Sierra...
, Bolivia; the quartet fused native sounds into forms suitable for urban Europeans and the middle class
Middle class
The middle class is any class of people in the middle of a societal hierarchy. In Weberian socio-economic terms, the middle class is the broad group of people in contemporary society who fall socio-economically between the working class and upper class....
. One member of Los Jairas, Gilbert Favre
Gilbert Favre
Gilbert Favre was a flautist of Swiss descent. He also played the quena as a founding member of the popular Bolivian folk group Los Jairas. Favre was commonly referred to as "El Gringo" by the Bolivian public...
(a Swiss-French flautist
Flautist
A flautist or flutist is a musician who plays an instrument in the flute family. See List of flautists.The choice of "flautist" versus "flutist" is the source of dispute among players of the instrument...
) had previously been an acquaintance of the Parras (Ángel
Ángel Parra
Ángel Cereceda Parra is a Chilean singer and songwriter, son of Violeta Parra, notable Chilean folklorist and brother of Isabel Parra. He travels abroad helping to maintain the Nueva Canción tradition in Chilean expatriate communities in Europe, North America, and Australia. His son -also named...
, Isabel
Isabel Parra
Isabel Parra is a famous Chilean singer-songwriter and interpreter of Latin American musical folklore.Isabel Parra was born in Chile in 1939 and began her career in music at the age of 13 when she made her first recording with her world-renowned mother, the folklorist Violeta Parra...
, and their mother Violeta
Violeta Parra
Violeta del Carmen Parra Sandoval was a notable Chilean composer, songwriter, folklorist, ethnomusicologist and visual artist...
) in Paris. The Parras eventually began promoting indigenous music in Santiago, Chile
Santiago, Chile
Santiago , also known as Santiago de Chile, is the capital and largest city of Chile, and the center of its largest conurbation . It is located in the country's central valley, at an elevation of above mean sea level...
.
The late 1960s released native groups such as Ruphay, Grupo Aymara
Grupo Aymara
Grupo Aymara are a Bolivian folk troupe that have been acclaimed worldwide for its inspiring interpretations of traditional music of pre-Hispanic and contemporary music of the Andes, particularly that of the Aymara and Quechua speaking people of Bolivia...
, and the emblematic quechua singer, Luzmila Carpio
Luzmila Carpio
Luzmila Carpio is a representative of the autochthonous music and soul of Bolivian people.She learned the daily songs of the Quechua and Aymara indigenous peoples that inhabit the mountains and valleys of Northern Potosí in Bolivia as a small child...
. Later Chilean groups such as Inti-Illimani
Inti-Illimani
Inti-Illimani is an instrumental and vocal Latin American folk music ensemble from Chile. The group was formed in 1967 by a group of university students and it acquired widespread popularity in Chile for their song Venceremos which became the anthem of the Popular Unity government of Salvador...
and Los Curacas took the fusion work of Los Jairas and the Parras to invent nueva canción
Nueva canción
Nueva canción is a movement and genre within Latin American and Iberian music of folk music, folk-inspired music and socially committed music...
, which returned to Bolivia in the 1980s in the form of canto nuevo artists such as Emma Junaro
Emma Junaro
Emma Junaro is a Bolivian musician.Junaro's style incorporates Brazilian popular music, European folk styles and Andean music. She has worked with the record producer Fernando Cabrero on recording the poems of Matilde Casazola, a poet...
and Matilde Casazola
Matilde Casazola
Matilde Casazola Mendoza is a Bolivian songwriter.Matilde was one of the most famous poets and songwriters of Bolivia. Many of her songs are filled with fascinating detail and lyrics. Her poems are very famous to those in her home country. She started to become famous at age 11 by her poems.She...
.
The 1970s was a decade in which Andean music saw its biggest growth. Different groups sprang out of the different villages throughout the Andes
Andes
The Andes is the world's longest continental mountain range. It is a continual range of highlands along the western coast of South America. This range is about long, about to wide , and of an average height of about .Along its length, the Andes is split into several ranges, which are separated...
Region. Peru, Ecuador, Chile, Bolivia, Colombia and Argentina.
Many musicians made their way to the big cities forming different bands and groups. One of the most legendary was Los Kjarkas
Los Kjarkas
Los Kjarkas is a Bolivian band from the Capinota Province in the department of Cochabamba, one of the most popular Andean pop bands in the country's history...
, from Bolivia
Bolivia
Bolivia officially known as Plurinational State of Bolivia , is a landlocked country in central South America. It is the poorest country in South America...
. Singing and composing songs that became huge hits in Bolivia and would later become Andean standards.
They would later take Andean music to the rest of the world.
Genres and relationships to other musical styles
- CarnavalitoCarnavalitoThe Carnavalito is a traditional South American dance from the Altiplano and Puna regions that is practiced in relation to religious festivities. The current form of the dance is an expression of syncretism between indigenous and Spanish colonial culture....
- DiabladaDiabladaThe Diablada or Danza de los Diablos , is a dance characterized by the mask and devil suit wore by the performers. Traditional of Oruro in the Bolivian Altiplano and in the Peruvian Puno department, the dance is a mixture of religious theatrical presentations brought from Spain and Andean religious...
- A sort of music typically associated with the diablada dance and its festivals. - HuaynoHuaynoHuayno is a genre of popular Andean Music and dance from Andean countries. It is especially common in Peru. It originated in Serrania, Peru as a combination of traditional rural folk music and popular urban dance music...
- Originated in colonial PeruViceroyalty of PeruCreated in 1542, the Viceroyalty of Peru was a Spanish colonial administrative district that originally contained most of Spanish-ruled South America, governed from the capital of Lima...
as a combination of traditional rural folk music and popular urban dance music. High-pitched vocals are accompanied by a variety of instruments, including quenaQuenaThe quena is the traditional flute of the Andes. Usually made of bamboo or wood, it has 6 finger holes and one thumb hole and is open on both ends. To produce sound, the player closes the top end of the pipe with the flesh between his chin and lower lip, and blows a stream of air downward, along...
(flute), harpHarpThe harp is a multi-stringed instrument which has the plane of its strings positioned perpendicularly to the soundboard. Organologically, it is in the general category of chordophones and has its own sub category . All harps have a neck, resonator and strings...
, sikuSiku (panpipe)The Siku , is a traditional Andean panpipe. This instrument is the main instrument used in a musical genre known as the Sikuri. It is traditionally found all across the Andes but is more typically associated with music from the Kollasuyo, or Aymara speaking regions around Lake Titicaca...
(panpipe), accordionAccordionThe accordion is a box-shaped musical instrument of the bellows-driven free-reed aerophone family, sometimes referred to as a squeezebox. A person who plays the accordion is called an accordionist....
, saxophoneSaxophoneThe saxophone is a conical-bore transposing musical instrument that is a member of the woodwind family. Saxophones are usually made of brass and played with a single-reed mouthpiece similar to that of the clarinet. The saxophone was invented by the Belgian instrument maker Adolphe Sax in 1846...
, charangoCharangoThe charango is a small Andean stringed instrument of the lute family, 66 cm long, traditionally made with the shell of the back of an armadillo. Primarily played in traditional Andean music, and is sometimes used by other Latin American musicians. Many contemporary charangos are now made with...
, luteLuteLute can refer generally to any plucked string instrument with a neck and a deep round back, or more specifically to an instrument from the family of European lutes....
, violinViolinThe violin is a string instrument, usually with four strings tuned in perfect fifths. It is the smallest, highest-pitched member of the violin family of string instruments, which includes the viola and cello....
, guitarGuitarThe guitar is a plucked string instrument, usually played with fingers or a pick. The guitar consists of a body with a rigid neck to which the strings, generally six in number, are attached. Guitars are traditionally constructed of various woods and strung with animal gut or, more recently, with...
, and mandolinMandolinA mandolin is a musical instrument in the lute family . It descends from the mandore, a soprano member of the lute family. The mandolin soundboard comes in many shapes—but generally round or teardrop-shaped, sometimes with scrolls or other projections. A mandolin may have f-holes, or a single...
. Some elements of huayño originate in the music of the pre-ColumbianChristopher ColumbusChristopher Columbus was an explorer, colonizer, and navigator, born in the Republic of Genoa, in northwestern Italy. Under the auspices of the Catholic Monarchs of Spain, he completed four voyages across the Atlantic Ocean that led to general European awareness of the American continents in the...
Andes, especially on the territory of former Inca EmpireInca EmpireThe Inca Empire, or Inka Empire , was the largest empire in pre-Columbian America. The administrative, political and military center of the empire was located in Cusco in modern-day Peru. The Inca civilization arose from the highlands of Peru sometime in the early 13th century...
. Huayno utilizes a distinctive rhythm in which the first beat is stressed and followed by two short beats. - Afro-Bolivian SayaAfro-Bolivian SayaThe Afro-Bolivian Saya is an art form of traditional Andean and Afro-Bolivian music and dance originated in the Department of La Paz, Bolivia...
- ChichaChichaFor the musical genre, see Peruvian cumbiaChicha is a term used in some regions of Latin America for several varieties of fermented and non-fermented beverages, rather often to those derived from maize and similar non-alcoholic beverages...
- Originated in Peru the late 80s as a fusion of cumbia and huayno music.
Cumbia
Originally from the CaribbeanCaribbean
The Caribbean is a crescent-shaped group of islands more than 2,000 miles long separating the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea, to the west and south, from the Atlantic Ocean, to the east and north...
coast of Colombia, cumbia
Cumbia
Cumbia is a music genre popular across Latin America. The cumbia originated in the Caribbean coast of Colombia, where it is associated with an eponymous dance and has since spread as far as Mexico and Argentina...
became a hit in Peru and through much of Latin America. It was then adapted to a "Peruvian" version called "Chicha" that has become a popular style in the Andean region, specially among in the lower socioeconomic strata of the society including Quechua and Aymara populations. Several Andean music genres have also borrowed elements originally introduced by the Peruvian "cumbia" such as electric bass
Electric Bass
Electric bass can mean:*Electric upright bass, the electric version of a double bass*Electric bass guitar*Bass synthesizer*Big Mouth Billy Bass, a battery-powered singing fish...
guitars, electronic percussion
Percussion instrument
A percussion instrument is any object which produces a sound when hit with an implement or when it is shaken, rubbed, scraped, or otherwise acted upon in a way that sets the object into vibration...
and little from the original cumbia rhythm.
Nueva canción
Andean music has served as a major source of inspiration for the neo-folkloric Nueva canciónNueva canción
Nueva canción is a movement and genre within Latin American and Iberian music of folk music, folk-inspired music and socially committed music...
movement that begun in the 60s, Nueva canción musicians both interpreted old songs and created new pieces that are now considered andean music. Some Nueva canción musicians such as Los Jaivas
Los Jaivas
Los Jaivas are a Chilean musical group who perform in folk, rock, and progressive rock styles.-History:Los Jaivas appeared in Chilean music in 1963 as a progressive-rock-andino group, mixing rock with South American ancestral music...
would fuse Andean music with psychedelic
Psychedelic rock
Psychedelic rock is a style of rock music that is inspired or influenced by psychedelic culture and attempts to replicate and enhance the mind-altering experiences of psychedelic drugs. It emerged during the mid 1960s among folk rock and blues rock bands in United States and the United Kingdom...
and progressive rock
Progressive rock
Progressive rock is a subgenre of rock music that developed in the late 1960s and early 1970s as part of a "mostly British attempt to elevate rock music to new levels of artistic credibility." John Covach, in Contemporary Music Review, says that many thought it would not just "succeed the pop of...
.
Rock en Español
While the rock en EspañolRock en Español
Rock en español is the Spanish-language rock music. While the term is used widely in English, it is used in Spanish mainly to distinguish such music from "Anglo rock." It is a style of rock music that developed in Latin American countries and Latino communities, along with other genres like...
wave of the 80s and 90s largely rejected Nueva canción and folklore in favor of new hard rock
Hard rock
Hard rock is a loosely defined genre of rock music which has its earliest roots in mid-1960s garage rock, blues rock and psychedelic rock...
, pop rock
Pop rock
Pop rock is a music genre which mixes a catchy pop style and light lyrics in its guitar-based rock songs. There are varying definitions of the term, ranging from a slower and mellower form of rock music to a subgenre of pop music...
, punk
Punk rock
Punk rock is a rock music genre that developed between 1974 and 1976 in the United States, the United Kingdom, and Australia. Rooted in garage rock and other forms of what is now known as protopunk music, punk rock bands eschewed perceived excesses of mainstream 1970s rock...
, alternative rock
Alternative rock
Alternative rock is a genre of rock music and a term used to describe a diverse musical movement that emerged from the independent music underground of the 1980s and became widely popular by the 1990s...
and new wave
New Wave music
New Wave is a subgenre of :rock music that emerged in the mid to late 1970s alongside punk rock. The term at first generally was synonymous with punk rock before being considered a genre in its own right that incorporated aspects of electronic and experimental music, mod subculture, disco and 1960s...
sounds some elements of Andean music has been featured in rock en Español
Rock en Español
Rock en español is the Spanish-language rock music. While the term is used widely in English, it is used in Spanish mainly to distinguish such music from "Anglo rock." It is a style of rock music that developed in Latin American countries and Latino communities, along with other genres like...
songs such as Cuando pase el temblor
Cuando pase el temblor
"Cuando pase el temblor" is a rock song by Argentine rock band Soda Stereo featured as the second track on the 1985 Nada personal album. After being released in October 1985, "Cuando pase el temblor" became one of Soda Stereo's better known songs together with "De música ligera"...
by Soda Stereo
Soda Stereo
Soda Stereo were an Argentine rock band who are recognized as one of the most influential and important Latin American and Ibero-American bands of all time...
and Lamento boliviano by Los Enanitos Verdes
Los Enanitos Verdes
Enanitos Verdes is a successful rock trio from Argentina, formed in 1979 in the city of Mendoza...
.
Other notable groups and artists
- Géne-sisGenesis (Colombian rock band)Génesis was a Colombian folk-rock band, very popular during the 1970s. They are regarded as a significant part of the Colombian social progressive and hippy movements of the time. Génesis is considered a pioneer in fusing rock music with the native folk music of Colombia...
- DamarisDamaris (singer)Damaris Mallma Porras , is a Peruvian folk singer. She is a representative of contemporary Andean music, which consists of a mix of the traditional Indian language Quechua and modern pop music.- Biography :...
- IllapuIllapuIllapu , are a Chilean folk and andean musical ensemble that was formed in 1971 in Antofagasta, in northern Chile, by the brothers José Miguel, Jaime, Andrés and Roberto Márquez Bugueño. A later addition to the group was Osvaldo Torres. Illapu comes from the Quechua word meaning "Lightning Bolt"....
- InkuyoInkuyoInkuyo is a Los Angeles-based trio known for Andean music, which was inspired by Bolivian born composer Gonzalo Vargas. They began as a quartet, but are currently a trio. They had seven albums from 1988 to 2007....
- Inti-IllimaniInti-IllimaniInti-Illimani is an instrumental and vocal Latin American folk music ensemble from Chile. The group was formed in 1967 by a group of university students and it acquired widespread popularity in Chile for their song Venceremos which became the anthem of the Popular Unity government of Salvador...
- Los IncasLos IncasLos Incas is a group known for Andean music. They are best known in North America for accompanying Simon and Garfunkel on the song "El Condor Pasa " included on the duo's fifth album, Bridge Over Troubled Water...
- Los KjarkasLos KjarkasLos Kjarkas is a Bolivian band from the Capinota Province in the department of Cochabamba, one of the most popular Andean pop bands in the country's history...
- QuilapayúnQuilapayúnQuilapayún are an instrumental and vocal folk music group from Chile and among the longest lasting and most influential exponents of the Nueva Canción Chilena movement. Formed in Chile during the mid-1960s, the group became inseparable with the revolution that occurred in the popular music of the...
- RumillajtaRumillajtaRumillajta is a Bolivian musical quintet that formed in 1980 that became one of the most important progenitors of Andean music. The name means "city of stone" in Quechua. They were the subjects of a short documentary from the BBC and played at festivals on three continents...
- Savia AndinaSavia AndinaSavia Andina was one of the first groups to have international success with traditional Andean music. They had this success starting in the 1960s and went on to have three albums to go gold. They toured Europe and are sometimes classed in the "new song/nueva cancion" movement of Latin American music...
- SukaySukaySukay is a musical group known for playing music of the Andean regions of Peru, Ecuador, Chile and Bolivia. Sukay was started by Edmond Badoux from Switzerland and Quentin Howard from the United States in 1974. In 1975 they traveled to South America for a year where they studied Andean music in...
- Magaly SolierMagaly SolierMagaly Solier Romero is a Peruvian actress and recording artist.She was born in the province of Huanta, in the region of Ayacucho, a region that suffered from the systematic violence of terrorism during the late 80s and early 90s....
- Los Curacas