1920 in Ireland
Encyclopedia
Events
- 27 February - The text of the Home Rule BillGovernment of Ireland Act 1920The Government of Ireland Act 1920 was the Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom which partitioned Ireland. The Act's long title was "An Act to provide for the better government of Ireland"; it is also known as the Fourth Home Rule Bill or as the Fourth Home Rule Act.The Act was intended...
to be introduced in the British House of CommonsBritish House of CommonsThe House of Commons is the lower house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, which also comprises the Sovereign and the House of Lords . Both Commons and Lords meet in the Palace of Westminster. The Commons is a democratically elected body, consisting of 650 members , who are known as Members...
is published. It provides for the establishment of a 128-member parliament in Dublin and a 52-member parliament in BelfastBelfastBelfast is the capital of and largest city in Northern Ireland. By population, it is the 14th biggest city in the United Kingdom and second biggest on the island of Ireland . It is the seat of the devolved government and legislative Northern Ireland Assembly...
. - 20 March - The Lord Mayor of CorkLord Mayor of CorkThe Lord Mayor of Cork is the honorific title of the Chairman of Cork City Council which is the local government body for the city of Cork in Ireland. The incumbent is Terry Shannon of Fianna Fáil. The office holder is elected annually by the members of the Council.-History of office:In 1199 there...
, Thomas MacCurtain, is murdered when armed Royal Irish ConstabularyRoyal Irish ConstabularyThe armed Royal Irish Constabulary was Ireland's major police force for most of the nineteenth and the early twentieth centuries. A separate civic police force, the unarmed Dublin Metropolitan Police controlled the capital, and the cities of Derry and Belfast, originally with their own police...
(RIC) men broke into his house. - 22 March - Thousands gather to pay their respects to the murdered Tomás MacCurtain. Over 8,000 Irish Republican ArmyIrish Republican ArmyThe Irish Republican Army was an Irish republican revolutionary military organisation. It was descended from the Irish Volunteers, an organisation established on 25 November 1913 that staged the Easter Rising in April 1916...
(IRA) Volunteers line the route to St. Fionnbar's Cemetery. - 2 May - Viscount Fitzalan is sworn in as the Lord-Lieutenant. He is the first CatholicCatholicThe word catholic comes from the Greek phrase , meaning "on the whole," "according to the whole" or "in general", and is a combination of the Greek words meaning "about" and meaning "whole"...
to hold the viceroyalty since the reign of KingMonarchA monarch is the person who heads a monarchy. This is a form of government in which a state or polity is ruled or controlled by an individual who typically inherits the throne by birth and occasionally rules for life or until abdication...
James IIJames II of EnglandJames II & VII was King of England and King of Ireland as James II and King of Scotland as James VII, from 6 February 1685. He was the last Catholic monarch to reign over the Kingdoms of England, Scotland, and Ireland...
. - 22 May - In RomeRomeRome is the capital of Italy and the country's largest and most populated city and comune, with over 2.7 million residents in . The city is located in the central-western portion of the Italian Peninsula, on the Tiber River within the Lazio region of Italy.Rome's history spans two and a half...
, PopePopeThe Pope is the Bishop of Rome, a position that makes him the leader of the worldwide Catholic Church . In the Catholic Church, the Pope is regarded as the successor of Saint Peter, the Apostle...
Benedict XV beatifies Oliver PlunkettOliver PlunkettSaint Oliver Plunkett was the Roman Catholic Archbishop of Armagh and Primate of All Ireland....
. - 31 July - Bishop Daniel MannixDaniel MannixDaniel Mannix was an Irish-born Australian Catholic bishop. Mannix was the Archbishop of Melbourne for 46 years and one of the most influential public figures in 20th century Australia....
is detained onboard ship off QueenstownCobhCobh is a seaport town on the south coast of County Cork, Ireland. Cobh is on the south side of Great Island in Cork Harbour. Facing the town are Spike Island and Haulbowline Island...
and prevented from landing in Ireland. - 19 August - Following his arrest the Lord Mayor of Cork, Terence MacSwineyTerence MacSwineyTerence Joseph MacSwiney was an Irish playwright, author and politician. He was elected as Sinn Féin Lord Mayor of Cork during the Irish War of Independence in 1920. He was arrested by the British on charges of sedition and imprisoned in Brixton prison in England...
, goes on hunger strike in Brixton Prison. - 28 September - There are disturbances at MallowMallow, County CorkMallow is the "Crossroads of Munster" and the administrative capital of north County Cork, in Ireland. The Northern Divisional Offices of Cork County Council are located in the town....
, County CorkCounty CorkCounty Cork is a county in Ireland. It is located in the South-West Region and is also part of the province of Munster. It is named after the city of Cork . Cork County Council is the local authority for the county...
when a raid on a military barracks by Liam LynchLiam Lynch (general)Liam Lynch was an officer in the Irish Republican Army during the Irish War of Independence and the commanding general of the anti-Treaty Irish Republican Army during the Irish Civil War.-Early life:...
and Ernie O'MalleyErnie O'MalleyErnie O'Malley was an Irish Republican Army officer during the Irish War of Independence and a commander of the anti-treaty IRA during the Irish Civil War. O'Malley wrote three books, On Another Man's Wound, The Singing Flame, and Raids and Rallies. The first describes his early life and role in...
is followed by a sack of the town by British soldiersBritish ArmyThe British Army is the land warfare branch of Her Majesty's Armed Forces in the United Kingdom. It came into being with the unification of the Kingdom of England and Scotland into the Kingdom of Great Britain in 1707. The new British Army incorporated Regiments that had already existed in England...
. - 25 October - Terence MacSwineyTerence MacSwineyTerence Joseph MacSwiney was an Irish playwright, author and politician. He was elected as Sinn Féin Lord Mayor of Cork during the Irish War of Independence in 1920. He was arrested by the British on charges of sedition and imprisoned in Brixton prison in England...
, Lord Mayor of CorkLord Mayor of CorkThe Lord Mayor of Cork is the honorific title of the Chairman of Cork City Council which is the local government body for the city of Cork in Ireland. The incumbent is Terry Shannon of Fianna Fáil. The office holder is elected annually by the members of the Council.-History of office:In 1199 there...
, dies at Brixton Prison on the 74th day of his hunger strike. - 31 October - Terence MacSwiney is buried in St. Finbarr's Cemetery in his native Cork CityCork (city)Cork is the second largest city in the Republic of Ireland and the island of Ireland's third most populous city. It is the principal city and administrative centre of County Cork and the largest city in the province of Munster. Cork has a population of 119,418, while the addition of the suburban...
. Arthur GriffithArthur GriffithArthur Griffith was the founder and third leader of Sinn Féin. He served as President of Dáil Éireann from January to August 1922, and was head of the Irish delegation at the negotiations in London that produced the Anglo-Irish Treaty of 1921.-Early life:...
delivers the graveside oration. - 1 November - An 18-year-old medical student, Kevin BarryKevin BarryKevin Gerard Barry was the first Irish republican to be executed by the British since the leaders of the Easter Rising. Barry was sentenced to death for his part in an IRA operation which resulted in the deaths of three British soldiers.Barry's death is considered a watershed moment in the Irish...
, is executed in Mountjoy PrisonMountjoy PrisonMountjoy Prison , founded as Mountjoy Gaol, nicknamed The Joy, is a medium security prison located in Phibsboro in the centre of Dublin, Ireland. It has the largest prison population in Ireland.The current prison governor is Mr...
for the killing of a British soldier. - 12 November - The hunger strike in Cork Jail is called off after the Sinn FéinSinn FéinSinn Féin is a left wing, Irish republican political party in Ireland. The name is Irish for "ourselves" or "we ourselves", although it is frequently mistranslated as "ourselves alone". Originating in the Sinn Féin organisation founded in 1905 by Arthur Griffith, it took its current form in 1970...
President, Arthur GriffithArthur GriffithArthur Griffith was the founder and third leader of Sinn Féin. He served as President of Dáil Éireann from January to August 1922, and was head of the Irish delegation at the negotiations in London that produced the Anglo-Irish Treaty of 1921.-Early life:...
, intervenes. - 21 November - Bloody SundayBloody Sunday (1920)Bloody Sunday was a day of violence in Dublin on 21 November 1920, during the Irish War of Independence. In total, 31 people were killed – fourteen British, fourteen Irish civilians and three republican prisoners....
: The Irish Republican ArmyIrish Republican ArmyThe Irish Republican Army was an Irish republican revolutionary military organisation. It was descended from the Irish Volunteers, an organisation established on 25 November 1913 that staged the Easter Rising in April 1916...
, on the instructions of Michael CollinsMichael Collins (Irish leader)Michael "Mick" Collins was an Irish revolutionary leader, Minister for Finance and Teachta Dála for Cork South in the First Dáil of 1919, Director of Intelligence for the IRA, and member of the Irish delegation during the Anglo-Irish Treaty negotiations. Subsequently, he was both Chairman of the...
, shoot dead 14 British undercover agents in Dublin, most in their homes. Later that day the Auxiliary DivisionAuxiliary DivisionThe Auxiliary Division of the Royal Irish Constabulary , generally known as the Auxiliaries or Auxies, was a paramilitary organization within the Royal Irish Constabulary during the Irish War of Independence....
of the Royal Irish ConstabularyRoyal Irish ConstabularyThe armed Royal Irish Constabulary was Ireland's major police force for most of the nineteenth and the early twentieth centuries. A separate civic police force, the unarmed Dublin Metropolitan Police controlled the capital, and the cities of Derry and Belfast, originally with their own police...
open fire on a crowd at a Gaelic Athletic AssociationGaelic Athletic AssociationThe Gaelic Athletic Association is an amateur Irish and international cultural and sporting organisation focused primarily on promoting Gaelic games, which include the traditional Irish sports of hurling, camogie, Gaelic football, handball and rounders...
Football match in Croke ParkCroke ParkCroke Park in Dublin is the principal stadium and headquarters of the Gaelic Athletic Association , Ireland's biggest sporting organisation...
, killing 12 people and wounding 60. Three men are shot that night in Dublin CastleDublin CastleDublin Castle off Dame Street, Dublin, Ireland, was until 1922 the fortified seat of British rule in Ireland, and is now a major Irish government complex. Most of it dates from the 18th century, though a castle has stood on the site since the days of King John, the first Lord of Ireland...
"while trying to escape". - 28 November - The flying column of the 3rd Cork Brigade IRA, led by Tom BarryTom BarryThomas Barry was one of the most prominent guerrilla leaders in the Irish Republican Army during the Irish War of Independence.-Early life:...
, ambushesKilmichael AmbushThe Kilmichael Ambush was an ambush near the village of Kilmichael in County Cork on 28 November 1920 carried out by the Irish Republican Army during the Irish War of Independence. Thirty-six local IRA volunteers commanded by Tom Barry killed seventeen members of the RIC Auxiliary Division...
and kills 16 Auxiliaries at Kilmichael, County CorkKilmichael, County CorkKilmichael is a village in County Cork, Republic of Ireland.The village is located on the R587 regional road between Macroom and Dunmanway.It was the scene of the famous Kilmichael Ambush....
which led to a system of martial law and official reprisals. - 11 December - British forces set fire to some 5 acres (20,234.3 m²) of the centre of Cork City, including the City Hall, in reprisal attacks after a British auxiliary is killed in a guerilla ambush.
- 23 December - Government of Ireland Act passed by the British ParliamentParliament of the United KingdomThe Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is the supreme legislative body in the United Kingdom, British Crown dependencies and British overseas territories, located in London...
.
Football
- International
-
- 14 February Ireland 2 - 2 Wales (in BelfastBelfastBelfast is the capital of and largest city in Northern Ireland. By population, it is the 14th biggest city in the United Kingdom and second biggest on the island of Ireland . It is the seat of the devolved government and legislative Northern Ireland Assembly...
) - 13 March Scotland 3 - 0 Ireland (in GlasgowGlasgowGlasgow is the largest city in Scotland and third most populous in the United Kingdom. The city is situated on the River Clyde in the country's west central lowlands...
) - 23 October England 2 - 0 Ireland (in Sunderland)
- 14 February Ireland 2 - 2 Wales (in Belfast
- Irish League
-
- Winners: Belfast CelticBelfast CelticBelfast Celtic Football Club was a football club in Northern Ireland that was founded in 1891, and was one of the most successful teams in Ireland until forced to withdraw from the Irish League in 1949.-History:...
- Winners: Belfast Celtic
- Irish CupIrish CupFor the equivalent tournament in the Republic of Ireland, see FAI Cup.The Irish Cup is the national cup knock-out competition in Northern Irish football. Inaugurated in 1881, it is the fourth oldest national cup competition in the world...
-
- Winners: ShelbourneShelbourne F.C.Shelbourne Football Club is an Irish professional football club based in the Drumcondra area of Dublin, currently playing in the League of Ireland Premier Division....
(final not played). Disorder at the other semi-final which is abandoned means both potential opponents are excluded from the competition and the Irish Football AssociationIrish Football AssociationThe Irish Football Association is the organising body for association football in Northern Ireland, and was historically the governing body for Ireland...
award the cup to Shelbourne.
- Winners: Shelbourne
Golf
- British Ladies Amateur Golf ChampionshipBritish Ladies Amateur Golf ChampionshipThe British Ladies Amateur Golf Championship was founded in 1893 by the Ladies' Golf Union of Great Britain. Until the dawn of the professional era in 1976, it was the most important golf tournament for women in Great Britain and would eventually begin to draw golfers from continental Europe...
is held at Royal County Down Golf ClubRoyal County Down Golf ClubRoyal County Down Golf Club is a golf club in Newcastle, County Down, Northern Ireland. Dating from 1889, it is one of the oldest golf clubs in Ireland...
, (winner: Cecil LeitchCecil LeitchCharlotte Cecilia Pitcairn Leitch was a British amateur golfer. She was born in Silloth, Cumberland, England, the daughter of a local physician and one of three sisters who excelled at the game of golf.-Biography:...
.
January to June
- 15 February - Bill CollinsBill Collins (footballer)William Hanna "Bill" Collins, also popularly known as Buster Collins is a Northern Irish former professional football player...
, footballer. - 13 April - Liam CosgraveLiam CosgraveLiam Cosgrave is an Irish Fine Gael politician who served as Taoiseach and as Leader of Fine Gael . He was a Teachta Dála from 1943 to 1981....
, former TaoiseachTaoiseachThe Taoiseach is the head of government or prime minister of Ireland. The Taoiseach is appointed by the President upon the nomination of Dáil Éireann, the lower house of the Oireachtas , and must, in order to remain in office, retain the support of a majority in the Dáil.The current Taoiseach is...
and leader of Fine GaelFine GaelFine Gael is a centre-right to centrist political party in the Republic of Ireland. It is the single largest party in Ireland in the Oireachtas, in local government, and in terms of Members of the European Parliament. The party has a membership of over 35,000...
. - 30 April - Duncan Hamilton, motor racing driver (d.19941994 in Ireland-Events:*April 14 - The Central Bank issues a new £5 note.*April 30 - Ireland wins the 39th Eurovision Song Contest with the song Rock 'n' Roll Kids....
). - 19 May - Joe CahillJoe CahillJoe Cahill was a prominent Irish republican and former chief of staff of the Provisional Irish Republican Army .- Background :In May 1920, Cahill was born in Divis Street in West Belfast, Ireland, where his parents had been neighbours of the Scottish-born Irish revolutionary James Connolly.Cahill...
, former Chief of Staff of the Provisional Irish Republican ArmyProvisional Irish Republican ArmyThe Provisional Irish Republican Army is an Irish republican paramilitary organisation whose aim was to remove Northern Ireland from the United Kingdom and bring about a socialist republic within a united Ireland by force of arms and political persuasion...
(d.20042004 in Northern Ireland-Events:*27 March - Ireland's rugby team wins the Triple Crown for the first time since 1985.*27 March - David Trimble retains leadership of the Ulster Unionist Party at their annual general meeting....
). - 22 May - Oliver J. FlanaganOliver J. FlanaganOliver J. Flanagan was an Irish Fine Gael politician who served in Dáil Éireann for 43 years and was Minister for Defence for six months. He was elected to the Dáil fourteen times between 1943 and 1982, topping the poll on almost every occasion...
, former Fine GaelFine GaelFine Gael is a centre-right to centrist political party in the Republic of Ireland. It is the single largest party in Ireland in the Oireachtas, in local government, and in terms of Members of the European Parliament. The party has a membership of over 35,000...
TDTeachta DálaA Teachta Dála , usually abbreviated as TD in English, is a member of Dáil Éireann, the lower house of the Oireachtas . It is the equivalent of terms such as "Member of Parliament" or "deputy" used in other states. The official translation of the term is "Deputy to the Dáil", though a more literal...
and Cabinet Minister (d.19871987 in Ireland-Events:*January 20 - Labour ministers resign from the government over a disagreement over budget proposals.*February 19 - A general election returns a Fianna Fáil minority government with Charles Haughey as Taoiseach....
). - 27 May - Joseph CapraniJoseph CapraniJoseph Desmond Caprani is a former Irish cricketer. A right-handed batsman he made his debut for Ireland in June 1948 against Yorkshire and went on to play for them seven times in all, including five first-class matches...
, cricketer. - 15 April - Jim McFaddenJim McFaddenJames Alexander McFadden was a professional ice hockey forward. Jim McFadden was one of only six players born in Ireland to ever reach the NHL.-Playing career:...
, ice hockey player (d.20022002 in Northern Ireland-Events:*9 January - confrontations outside Holy Cross Primary School during the afternoon school run, exploded into widespread sectarian rioting, which spread across north Belfast and continued on 10 January, when the school was closed....
). - 2 June - Michael O'HehirMichael O'HehirMichael James Hehir was an Irish hurling, football and horse racing commentator and journalist. Between 1938 and 1985 his enthusiasm and a memorable turn of phrase endeared him to many...
, sports commentator and journalist (d.19961996 in Ireland-Events:*January 24 - The international body proposes six principles of democracy and non-violence as conditions for entry to all-party talks in Northern Ireland....
). - 5 June - Cornelius RyanCornelius RyanCornelius Ryan, was an Irish journalist and author mainly known for his writings on popular military history, especially his World War II books: The Longest Day: June 6, 1944 D-Day , The Last Battle , and A Bridge Too Far .-Early life:Ryan was born in Dublin and educated at Synge Street CBS,...
, journalist and author (d.19741974 in Ireland-Events:*January 2 - The Northern Ireland Executive enjoys its first day in office.*February 15 - A 600 lb bomb explodes in Dungannon.*April 24 - The ESB announces that Carnsore Point on the Wexford coast will be the site of its nuclear power station....
). - 12 June - Eoin Ryan, Fianna FáilFianna FáilFianna Fáil – The Republican Party , more commonly known as Fianna Fáil is a centrist political party in the Republic of Ireland, founded on 23 March 1926. Fianna Fáil's name is traditionally translated into English as Soldiers of Destiny, although a more accurate rendition would be Warriors of Fál...
Seanad ÉireannSeanad ÉireannSeanad Éireann is the upper house of the Oireachtas , which also comprises the President of Ireland and Dáil Éireann . It is commonly called the Seanad or Senate and its members Senators or Seanadóirí . Unlike Dáil Éireann, it is not directly elected but consists of a mixture of members chosen by...
member (d.20012001 in Ireland-Events:*1 January – Ireland celebrates the first day of the 21st century.*22 March – Ireland confirms its first case of Foot-and-mouth disease.*7 June – Irish voters reject the Nice Treaty in a referendum....
).
July to December
- 17 August - Maureen O'HaraMaureen O'HaraMaureen O'Hara is an Irish film actress and singer. The famously red-headed O'Hara has been noted for playing fiercely passionate heroines with a highly sensible attitude. She often worked with director John Ford and longtime friend John Wayne...
, actress. - 21 August - Rinty MonaghanRinty MonaghanJohn Joseph "Rinty" Monaghan was a former world flyweight boxing champion from Belfast. He became famous in the post-war period, eventually rising to become undisputed world champion and a hero to many people in his home city....
, boxer (d.19841984 in Northern Ireland-Events:*14 March - Sinn Féin MP Gerry Adams is shot and wounded in Belfast.*2 May - The New Ireland Forum publishes its report presenting three possibilities for discussion: a unitary Irish state, a federal/confederal state and joint sovereignty....
). - 27 August - James Molyneaux, Baron Molyneaux of Killead, Unionist politician and leader of the Ulster Unionist PartyUlster Unionist PartyThe Ulster Unionist Party – sometimes referred to as the Official Unionist Party or, in a historic sense, simply the Unionist Party – is the more moderate of the two main unionist political parties in Northern Ireland...
from 1979 to 1995. - 12 October - Christy RingChristy RingNicholas Christopher Michael Ring , better known as Christy Ring, was a famous Irish sportsperson. He played hurling with the Glen Rovers club from 1941 until 1967 and was a member of the Cork senior inter-county team from 1939 until 1963. Ring is widely regarded as one of the greatest hurlers in...
, Cork hurler (d.19791979 in Ireland-Events:*January 2 - The lowest temperature recorded in Ireland in the 20th century, -18.8C at Lullymore, Co. Kildare. See 1881 for the lowest on record ....
). - 16 October - Paddy FinucanePaddy FinucaneWing Commander Brendan Eamonn Fergus Finucane DSO, DFC & Two Bars , known as Paddy Finucane, was a Royal Air Force fighter pilot...
, RAFRoyal Air ForceThe Royal Air Force is the aerial warfare service branch of the British Armed Forces. Formed on 1 April 1918, it is the oldest independent air force in the world...
fighter pilot, youngest Wing CommanderWing Commander (rank)Wing commander is a commissioned rank in the Royal Air Force and the air forces of many other Commonwealth countries...
in RAF history, killed in action (d.19421942 in Ireland-Events:*March 3 - Due to the The Emergency the rationing of gas is introduced.*March 5 - It is announced that Ireland is to have a new Central Bank replacing the old Currency Commission....
). - 17 October - John Godley, 3rd Baron KilbrackenJohn Godley, 3rd Baron KilbrackenJohn Raymond Godley, 3rd Baron Kilbracken, DSC was a British-born, later Irish-resident peer, wartime naval pilot, journalist, author and farmer. He was the son of the 2nd Baron Kilbracken; his grandfather, Arthur Godley, 1st Baron Kilbracken, was William Ewart Gladstone's private secretary...
, author and journalist (d.20062006 in Ireland- Incumbents :* President – Mary McAleese* Taoiseach – Bertie Ahern* Tánaiste – Mary Harney ; Michael McDowell * Secretary of State for Northern Ireland – Peter Hain* First Minister – office suspended...
). - 18 October - Alec Cooke, Baron Cooke of IslandreaghAlec Cooke, Baron Cooke of IslandreaghVictor Alexander Cooke, Baron Cooke of Islandreagh, OBE, DL was a politician in Northern Ireland.The son of Victor and Alice Cooke, he was educated in Marlborough College and graduated from Trinity College in Cambridge with a Master of Arts in mechanical science...
, businessman and politician (d.20072007 in Northern Ireland-Events:*22 January - report by the Police Ombudsman for Northern Ireland states that the Special Brunch of the then Royal Ulster Constabulary had colluded with loyalist paramilitaries in a number of murders and attempted murders in Northern Belfast between 1989 and 2002...
). - 24 October - Robert GreacenRobert GreacenRobert Greacen was an Irish poet and member of Aosdána. Born in Derry, Ireland, on 24 October 1920, he was educated at Methodist College Belfast and Trinity College Dublin...
, poet (d.20082008 in Northern Ireland-Events:* 4 January - An unforecasted blizzard creates havoc across eastern Northern Ireland, with falls of 8 inches in one hour.* 22 January - Peter Robinson, Minister of Finance, releases the first final budget and programme for government, agreed by the Stormont executive.* 23 January - The...
). - 25 November - Patrick J. ReynoldsPatrick J. ReynoldsPatrick Joseph "P.J." Reynolds was an Irish Fine Gael politician who served three terms in Dáil Éireann and five in Seanad Éireann, where he was Cathaoirleach for four years.- Family and early life :...
, Fine GaelFine GaelFine Gael is a centre-right to centrist political party in the Republic of Ireland. It is the single largest party in Ireland in the Oireachtas, in local government, and in terms of Members of the European Parliament. The party has a membership of over 35,000...
TDTeachta DálaA Teachta Dála , usually abbreviated as TD in English, is a member of Dáil Éireann, the lower house of the Oireachtas . It is the equivalent of terms such as "Member of Parliament" or "deputy" used in other states. The official translation of the term is "Deputy to the Dáil", though a more literal...
and SenatorSeanad ÉireannSeanad Éireann is the upper house of the Oireachtas , which also comprises the President of Ireland and Dáil Éireann . It is commonly called the Seanad or Senate and its members Senators or Seanadóirí . Unlike Dáil Éireann, it is not directly elected but consists of a mixture of members chosen by...
, Cathaoirleach of Seanad ÉireannCathaoirleachCathaoirleach is the title of the chairman of Seanad Éireann, the sixty-member upper house of the Oireachtas, the legislature of Ireland. The current Cathaoirleach is Senator Paddy Burke...
1983–1987 (d.20032003 in Ireland-Events:*January 21 – The Spire of Dublin on O'Connell Street is officially completed.*February 16 – 100,000 people in Dublin, and 30,000 in Belfast march to express their opposition to the imminent invasion of Iraq....
). - 10 December - Michael Russell, Bishop of Waterford and Lismore (1965–1993).
Full date unknown
- Eilís DillonEilís DillonEilís Dillon was an Irish author of 50 books. Her work has been translated into 14 languages....
, author (d.19941994 in Ireland-Events:*April 14 - The Central Bank issues a new £5 note.*April 30 - Ireland wins the 39th Eurovision Song Contest with the song Rock 'n' Roll Kids....
). - Emma GrovesEmma GrovesEmma Groves was a leading campaigner for banning the use of plastic bullets and a co-founder of the United Campaign Against Plastic Bullets. She began her campaign after she was blinded from being struck in the face by a rubber bullet in 1971.-Shooting incident:Groves was Belfast mother of 11...
, blinded by a rubber bullet in 1971, became a leading campaigner for banning the use of plastic bullets, co-founder of the United Campaign Against Plastic BulletsUnited Campaign Against Plastic BulletsUnited Campaign Against Plastic Bullets is an organization based in Belfast, Northern Ireland that opposes the use of plastic bullets by the British army and police....
(d.20072007 in Northern Ireland-Events:*22 January - report by the Police Ombudsman for Northern Ireland states that the Special Brunch of the then Royal Ulster Constabulary had colluded with loyalist paramilitaries in a number of murders and attempted murders in Northern Belfast between 1989 and 2002...
). - Mike HoareMike HoareThomas Michael Hoare is an Irish mercenary leader known for military activities in Africa and his failed attempt to conduct a coup d'état in the Seychelles.-Early life and military career:...
, soldier and mercenary. - John V. LuceJohn V. LuceJohn Victor Luce was an Irish classicist, former professor and emeritus Fellow of Classics at Trinity College, Dublin. He was also the College Orator between 1971 and 2005....
, classicist. - Charles MitchelCharles MitchelCharles Gerald Mitchel was an Irish actor and broadcaster best known as a newsreader for the RTÉ News from 1961 until 1984. He was the first person to read the news on Telefís Éireann.-Early life:...
, actor and television newsreader, read the first Telefís ÉireannRTÉ OneRTÉ One is the flagship television channel of Raidió Teilifís Éireann , and it is the most popular and most watched television channel in Ireland. It was launched as Telefís Éireann on 31 December 1961, it was renamed RTÉ Television in 1966, and it was renamed as RTÉ One upon the launch of RTÉ...
news bulletin in 1961 (d.19961996 in Ireland-Events:*January 24 - The international body proposes six principles of democracy and non-violence as conditions for entry to all-party talks in Northern Ireland....
). - Daniel O'Neill, artist (d.19741974 in Northern Ireland-Events:*2 January - First day in office of the Northern Ireland Executive.*15 February - A 600 lb bomb explodes in Dungannon.*28 February - United Kingdom general election*5 March - Merlyn Rees becomes Secretary of State for Northern Ireland....
).
Deaths
- 24 January - Percy French, civil engineer, songwriter, entertainer and artist (b.18541854 in Ireland-Events:*18 May - Catholic University of Ireland formally established in Dublin with John Henry Newman as first rector; lectures commemce on 3 November.*Quarrel between Tenant League and Archbishop Cullen; League appeals to Rome....
). - 20 March - Tomás Mac CurtainTomás Mac CurtainTomás Mac Curtain was a Sinn Féin Lord Mayor of Cork, Ireland. He was elected in January 1920.He was born at Ballyknockane in the Parish of Mourne Abbey in March 1884. He attended Burnfort National School. In 1897 the family moved to Blackpool on the northside of Cork where he attended The North...
, Sinn FéinSinn FéinSinn Féin is a left wing, Irish republican political party in Ireland. The name is Irish for "ourselves" or "we ourselves", although it is frequently mistranslated as "ourselves alone". Originating in the Sinn Féin organisation founded in 1905 by Arthur Griffith, it took its current form in 1970...
Lord Mayor of CorkLord Mayor of CorkThe Lord Mayor of Cork is the honorific title of the Chairman of Cork City Council which is the local government body for the city of Cork in Ireland. The incumbent is Terry Shannon of Fianna Fáil. The office holder is elected annually by the members of the Council.-History of office:In 1199 there...
, murdered on his 36th birthday by the Black and TansBlack and TansThe Black and Tans was one of two newly recruited bodies, composed largely of British World War I veterans, employed by the Royal Irish Constabulary as Temporary Constables from 1920 to 1921 to suppress revolution in Ireland...
(b.18841884 in Ireland-Events:*October - Ballymena, Cushendall and Red Bay Railway taken over by Belfast and Northern Counties Railway.*22 October - The first woman receives a degree from an Irish university...
). - 21 May - James PlunkettJames PlunkettJames Plunkett Kelly, or James Plunkett , was an Irish writer. He was educated at Synge Street CBS.Plunkett grew up among the Dublin working class and they, along with the petty bourgeoisie and lower intelligentsia, make up the bulk of the dramatis personae of his oeuvre...
, novelist, author of Strumpet CityStrumpet CityStrumpet City is a historical novel by James Plunkett set in Dublin, Ireland, at the time of the Dublin Lock-out. In 1980, it was adapted into a successful TV drama by Radio Telefís Éireann, Ireland's national broadcaster...
. (d.2003) - 10 August - James O'NeillJames O'Neill (actor)James O'Neill was an actor and the father of the American playwright Eugene O'Neill....
, actor, father of the American playwrightPlaywrightA playwright, also called a dramatist, is a person who writes plays.The term is not a variant spelling of "playwrite", but something quite distinct: the word wright is an archaic English term for a craftsman or builder...
Eugene O'NeillEugene O'NeillEugene Gladstone O'Neill was an American playwright and Nobel laureate in Literature. His poetically titled plays were among the first to introduce into American drama techniques of realism earlier associated with Russian playwright Anton Chekhov, Norwegian playwright Henrik Ibsen, and Swedish...
(b.18471847 in Ireland-Events:*13 January - Irish Confederation established.*February - Soup kitchens system established; famine at its height.*March - 400 people die in the Doolough Tragedy*15 May - Death of Daniel O'Connell.*June - Poor Law Amendment Act....
). - 11 August - Joe MurphyJoe Murphy (Irish Republican)Joseph Murphy...
, member of Irish Republican ArmyIrish Republican ArmyThe Irish Republican Army was an Irish republican revolutionary military organisation. It was descended from the Irish Volunteers, an organisation established on 25 November 1913 that staged the Easter Rising in April 1916...
, died on 76 day hunger strike during the Irish War of IndependenceIrish War of IndependenceThe Irish War of Independence , Anglo-Irish War, Black and Tan War, or Tan War was a guerrilla war mounted by the Irish Republican Army against the British government and its forces in Ireland. It began in January 1919, following the Irish Republic's declaration of independence. Both sides agreed...
(b.18951895 in Ireland- Events :*3 April - Oscar Wilde launches a criminal libel case in London against the Marquess of Queensberry. During the trial he collapses under cross-examination by Edward Carson, and is eventually found guilty and imprisoned for two years on homosexuality charges.*23 December - Grand Opera...
). - 17 October - Michael FitzgeraldMichael Fitzgerald (Irish Republican)Michael Fitzgerald was a member of the Irish Republican Army who died on Hunger strike at Cork Jail in October 1920.A native of Ballyoran, Fermoy, County Cork, Fitzgerald was educated at the Christian Brothers School in the town and subsequently found work as a mill worker in the locality...
, Irish Republican ArmyIrish Republican ArmyThe Irish Republican Army was an Irish republican revolutionary military organisation. It was descended from the Irish Volunteers, an organisation established on 25 November 1913 that staged the Easter Rising in April 1916...
member, died after 67 days Hunger strikeHunger strikeA hunger strike is a method of non-violent resistance or pressure in which participants fast as an act of political protest, or to provoke feelings of guilt in others, usually with the objective to achieve a specific goal, such as a policy change. Most hunger strikers will take liquids but not...
at CorkCork (city)Cork is the second largest city in the Republic of Ireland and the island of Ireland's third most populous city. It is the principal city and administrative centre of County Cork and the largest city in the province of Munster. Cork has a population of 119,418, while the addition of the suburban...
Jail. - 25 October - Terence MacSwineyTerence MacSwineyTerence Joseph MacSwiney was an Irish playwright, author and politician. He was elected as Sinn Féin Lord Mayor of Cork during the Irish War of Independence in 1920. He was arrested by the British on charges of sedition and imprisoned in Brixton prison in England...
, playwright and poet, member of 1st Dáil, Sinn FéinSinn FéinSinn Féin is a left wing, Irish republican political party in Ireland. The name is Irish for "ourselves" or "we ourselves", although it is frequently mistranslated as "ourselves alone". Originating in the Sinn Féin organisation founded in 1905 by Arthur Griffith, it took its current form in 1970...
Lord Mayor of CorkLord Mayor of CorkThe Lord Mayor of Cork is the honorific title of the Chairman of Cork City Council which is the local government body for the city of Cork in Ireland. The incumbent is Terry Shannon of Fianna Fáil. The office holder is elected annually by the members of the Council.-History of office:In 1199 there...
, died on 74th day of hunger strike (b.18791879 in Ireland-Events:*20 April - First of many "monster meetings" of tenant farmers held in Irishtown near Claremorris, County Mayo.*8 June - Charles Stewart Parnell at Westport, County Mayo meeting.*16 August - Land League of Mayo founded at Castlebar....
). - 1 November - Kevin BarryKevin BarryKevin Gerard Barry was the first Irish republican to be executed by the British since the leaders of the Easter Rising. Barry was sentenced to death for his part in an IRA operation which resulted in the deaths of three British soldiers.Barry's death is considered a watershed moment in the Irish...
, executed for his part in an Irish Republican ArmyIrish Republican ArmyThe Irish Republican Army was an Irish republican revolutionary military organisation. It was descended from the Irish Volunteers, an organisation established on 25 November 1913 that staged the Easter Rising in April 1916...
operation resulting in the deaths of three British soldiers (b.19021902 in Ireland-Events:*7 January - Waterford Corporation passes a motion to confer the freedom of the city on John Redmond.*8 January - The Great National Convention takes place in the Round Room of the Rotunda in Dublin...
). - 6 November - James GildeaJames GildeaColonel Sir James Gildea GBE KCVO CB was a British Army Militia officer and philanthropist who founded the Soldiers', Sailors' and Airmen's Families Association....
, soldier and philanthropist, founded the Soldiers', Sailors' and Airmen's Families Association (b.18381838 in Ireland-Events:*Foundation of a temperance society in Cork known as the Knights of Father Mathew by Theobald Mathew, a capuchin friar.*Tithe Act.*Poor Law Act....
). - 9 November - Daniel GalleryDaniel GalleryDaniel Gallery was a Canadian politician.Born in Slivedooley, County Clare, Ireland, the son of Thomas Gallery and Mary O'Neill, Gallery was educated at the Christian Brothers' School. A merchant, he was an Alderman and School Commissioner in Montreal. He was first elected to the Canadian House of...
, politician in CanadaCanadaCanada is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and northward into the Arctic Ocean...
(b.18591859 in Ireland-Events:* Irish general election.* The Irish Times is founded.* Ulster Hall, concert venue in Belfast, is built.-Births:*3 January - Maurice Healy, lawyer, politician and MP .*30 January - Tony Mullane, Major League Baseball player ....
). - 21 November - Dick McKeeDick McKeeRichard “Dick” McKee was a prominent member of the Irish Republican Army . He was also friend to some senior members in the republican movement, including Éamon de Valera, Austin Stack and Michael Collins...
, Irish Republican ArmyIrish Republican ArmyThe Irish Republican Army was an Irish republican revolutionary military organisation. It was descended from the Irish Volunteers, an organisation established on 25 November 1913 that staged the Easter Rising in April 1916...
member in Easter RisingEaster RisingThe Easter Rising was an insurrection staged in Ireland during Easter Week, 1916. The Rising was mounted by Irish republicans with the aims of ending British rule in Ireland and establishing the Irish Republic at a time when the British Empire was heavily engaged in the First World War...
, shot by Crown forces (b.18931893 in Ireland-Events:*February - Prime Minister Gladstone introduces his second Home Rule Bill to the House of Commons, where it is passed.*26 April - Edward Carson is called to the English Bar at the Middle Temple...
).
Full date unknown
- George J. GaskinGeorge J. Gaskin-Career:Born in Belfast, Ireland, he became one of the most popular singers the United States in the 1890s and was nicknamed the "Silver Voiced Irish Tenor". His earliest known recordings were done for the Edison North American Phonograph Company on June 2, 1891...
, singer (b. 1850s). - Denis GrimesDenis GrimesDenis Grimes was a famous Irish sportsperson. He played hurling with his local club Kilfinane and with the Limerick senior inter-county team in the 1890s. Grimes captained Limerick to their first All-Ireland title in 1897.-Biography:...
, LimerickLimerick GAAThe Limerick County Board of the Gaelic Athletic Association or Limerick GAA is one of the 32 county boards of the GAA in Ireland, and is responsible for Gaelic games in County Limerick...
hurler (b.18641864 in Ireland-Events:* 30 January - Opening of the National Gallery of Ireland in Dublin.* Foundation of the Munster Bank later rescued as the Munster & Leinster Bank. See Allied Irish Banks.-Births:...
). - T. W. RollestonT. W. RollestonThomas William Hazen Rolleston was an Irish writer, literary figure and translator, known as a poet but publishing over a wide range of literary and political topics...
, writer, poet and translator (b.18571857 in Ireland-Events:*April - General election.*12 July - In Belfast, confrontations between crowds of Catholics and Protestants turn into 10 days of rioting, with many of the police force joining the Protestant side...
).