1794 in France
Encyclopedia
See also:
1793 in France,
other events of 1794,
1795 in France
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Events from the year 1794 in France.
1793 in France,
other events of 1794,
1795 in France
1795 in France
See also:1794 in France,other events of 1795,1796 in France.----Events from the year 1795 in France.-Events:*16 January - French occupy Utrecht, Netherlands.*17 January - Revolution breaks out in Amsterdam....
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Events from the year 1794 in France.
Events
- 4 February - The French Republic abolishes slavery.
- 26 February - Ventôse DecreesVentôse DecreesThe Ventôse Decrees were decrees proposed on February 26 and March 3, 1794 by the French revolutionary leader Louis de Saint-Just. Saint-Just proposed to confiscate the property of exiles and opponents of the Revolution, and redistribute it to the needy...
, proposed to confiscate the property of exiles and opponents of the Revolution, and redistribute it to the needy. - 3 March - Ventôse Decrees.
- 5 April - Execution of Georges DantonGeorges DantonGeorges Jacques Danton was leading figure in the early stages of the French Revolution and the first President of the Committee of Public Safety. Danton's role in the onset of the Revolution has been disputed; many historians describe him as "the chief force in theoverthrow of the monarchy and the...
. - 30 April - War of the PyreneesWar of the PyreneesWar of the Pyrenees refers to the Pyrenees front of the First Coalition's war against the First French Republic. Also known as Great War, War of Roussillon, or War of the Convention, it pitted Revolutionary France against the kingdoms of Spain and Portugal from March 1793 to July 1795 during the...
: Battle of Boulou, French victory against Spain and Portugal. - 8 May - Antoine LavoisierAntoine LavoisierAntoine-Laurent de Lavoisier , the "father of modern chemistry", was a French nobleman prominent in the histories of chemistry and biology...
is executed by guillotineGuillotineThe guillotine is a device used for carrying out :executions by decapitation. It consists of a tall upright frame from which an angled blade is suspended. This blade is raised with a rope and then allowed to drop, severing the head from the body...
. - 18 May - Battle of TourcoingBattle of Tourcoing (1794)The Battle of Tourcoing was fought near the town of Tourcoing, just north of Lille in northeastern France on 18 May 1794 and resulted in the victory of the French under Major-Generals Joseph Souham and Jean Moreau over the British under the Duke of York and the Austrians under General the Prince of...
, French victory over Austrian and British forces. - 22 May - Battle of TournayBattle of TournayThe Battle of Tournay or Tournai was fought on 22 May 1794 as part of the Flanders Campaign in the Belgian province of Hainaut on the Schelde River between French forces under General Pichegru and Coalition forces under Prince Josias of Coburg, in which the Coalition forces were victorious.In the...
, Coalition forces (Austrian, British, and Hanoverian troops) defeated the French. - 1 June - Glorious First of JuneGlorious First of JuneThe Glorious First of June [Note A] of 1794 was the first and largest fleet action of the naval conflict between the Kingdom of Great Britain and the First French Republic during the French Revolutionary Wars...
, French naval battle with the British. Both sides claimed victory. - 10 June - Law of 22 PrairialLaw of 22 PrairialThe Law of 22 Prairial, also known as the loi de la Grande Terreur, the law of the Reign of Terror, was enacted on June 10, 1794 . It was proposed by Georges Auguste Couthon and lent support by Robespierre...
enacted, also known as the loi de la Grande Terreur. - 26 June - Battle of FleurusBattle of Fleurus (1794)In the Battle of Fleurus on 26 June 1794, the army of the First French Republic under General Jean-Baptiste Jourdan faced the Coalition Army commanded by Prince Josias of Coburg in the most decisive battle of the Flanders Campaign in the Low Countries during the French Revolutionary Wars...
, French victory against Austria. - 13 July - Battle of PlatzbergBattle of Platzberg (1794)The Battle of Platzberg was fought on July 13, 1794, and resulted in the victory of the French under General Laurent Gouvion Saint-Cyr against the Prussians under Marshall Moellendorff...
, French defeat Prussian forces. - 13 July - Battle of the VosgesBattle of the VosgesThe Battle of the Vosges also known as the Battle of Tripstadt was fought on 13 July 1794 in eastern France in the Vosges Mountains from which it derives its name.-The Introduction:...
, French defeat Austrian, Prussian and Saxony forces. - 27 July - Thermidorian ReactionThermidorian ReactionThe Thermidorian Reaction was a revolt in the French Revolution against the excesses of the Reign of Terror. It was triggered by a vote of the Committee of Public Safety to execute Maximilien Robespierre, Antoine Louis Léon de Saint-Just de Richebourg and several other leading members of the Terror...
began against the excesses of the Reign of TerrorReign of TerrorThe Reign of Terror , also known simply as The Terror , was a period of violence that occurred after the onset of the French Revolution, incited by conflict between rival political factions, the Girondins and the Jacobins, and marked by mass executions of "enemies of...
. RobespierreMaximilien RobespierreMaximilien François Marie Isidore de Robespierre is one of the best-known and most influential figures of the French Revolution. He largely dominated the Committee of Public Safety and was instrumental in the period of the Revolution commonly known as the Reign of Terror, which ended with his...
and leaders of the Paris city government arrested. - 28 July - Robespierre, Saint-JustLouis de Saint-JustLouis Antoine Léon de Saint-Just , usually known as Saint-Just, was a military and political leader during the French Revolution. The youngest of the deputies elected to the National Convention in 1792, Saint-Just rose quickly in their ranks and became a major leader of the government of the French...
, Georges CouthonGeorges CouthonGeorges Auguste Couthon a French politician and lawyer in the French Revolution. Couthon would befriend Robespierre and serve on the Committee of Public Safety with him from 30 May 1793 until his and Robespierre’s deaths in 1794...
, and others, including members of the Paris CommuneParis Commune (French Revolution)The Paris Commune during the French Revolution was the government of Paris from 1789 until 1795. Established in the Hôtel de Ville just after the storming of the Bastille, the Commune became insurrectionary in the summer of 1792, essentially refusing to take orders from the central French...
were guillotineGuillotineThe guillotine is a device used for carrying out :executions by decapitation. It consists of a tall upright frame from which an angled blade is suspended. This blade is raised with a rope and then allowed to drop, severing the head from the body...
d. - 15 September - Battle of BoxtelBattle of BoxtelThe Battle of Boxtel was a battle fought during the First Coalition in the Dutch province North Brabant, on the 15 September 1794. It was part of the Flanders Campaign of 1793-94 in which British, Dutch and Austrian troops had attempted to launch an invasion of France through Flanders...
. - 2 October - Battle of AldenhovenBattle of Aldenhoven (1794)The Battle of Aldenhoven, a French victory, was fought on 2 October 1794. The French general, Jean-Baptiste Jourdan, opposed an Austrian army under General Clairfayt. The battle took place near the town of Aldenhoven, twenty kilometres northeast of Aachen, in present-day Germany.-References:...
, French defeat Austrian forces. - 17 November-20 November - War of the Pyrenees: Battle of San-Lorenzo de la MugaBattle of San-Lorenzo de la MugaThe Battle of San Lorenzo de la Muga was fought on 13 August 1794 between an attacking Spanish–Portuguese army led by the Conde de la Unión and a French army commanded by Jacques François Dugommier. The local French defenders headed by Pierre Augereau and Dominique Pérignon repulsed the allies...
, French defeat Spanish forces. - 22 November - Siege of LuxembourgSiege of Luxembourg (1794-1795)The siege of Luxembourg was a siege by France of the Habsburg-held fortress of Luxembourg City that lasted from 1794 until 7 June 1795, during the French Revolutionary Wars...
. French siege of Austrian forces began (ended in French victory in June 1795).
January to March
- 10 January - Jean Philibert DamironJean Philibert DamironJean-Philibert Damiron was a French philosopher.-Biography:Damiron was born at Belleville. At nineteen he entered the normal school, where he studied under Eugène Burnouf, Abel-Francois Villemain, and Victor Cousin...
, philosopher (d.18621862 in FranceSee also:1861 in France,other events of 1862,1863 in France.----Events from the year 1862 in France.-Events:*6 January - French, Spanish and British forces arrive in Veracruz, Mexico, beginning the French intervention in Mexico....
). - 13 January - Prosper GarnotProsper GarnotProsper Garnot was a French surgeon and naturalist.Garnot was born at Brest. He was an assistant surgeon under Louis Isidore Duperrey on La Coquille during its circumnavigation of the globe . Along with Rene Primevere Lesson he collected numerous natural history specimens in South America and the...
, surgeonSurgerySurgery is an ancient medical specialty that uses operative manual and instrumental techniques on a patient to investigate and/or treat a pathological condition such as disease or injury, or to help improve bodily function or appearance.An act of performing surgery may be called a surgical...
and naturalistNatural historyNatural history is the scientific research of plants or animals, leaning more towards observational rather than experimental methods of study, and encompasses more research published in magazines than in academic journals. Grouped among the natural sciences, natural history is the systematic study...
(d.18381838 in FranceSee also:1837 in France,other events of 1838,1839 in France.----Events from the year 1838 in France.-Births:*2 April - Léon Gambetta, statesman .*20 May - Jules Méline, statesman, Prime Minister ....
). - 17 January - Jacques Amand Eudes-DeslongchampsJacques Amand Eudes-DeslongchampsJacques Amand Eudes-Deslongchamps was a French naturalist and palaeontologist.He was born at Caen in Normandy...
, naturalist and palaeontologist (d.18671867 in FranceSee also:1866 in France,other events of 1867,1868 in France.----Events from the year 1867 in France.-Events:*13 January - French Military Mission arrives in Yokohama, Japan.*7 June - Adolphe Dugléré prepares the Three Emperors Dinner...
). - 25 January - Garcin de TassyGarcin de TassyJoseph Héliodore Sagesse Vertu Garcin de Tassy was a French orientalist.He studied under Silvestre de Sacy oriental languages and was awarded professorship for Indology at the School for Living Oriental Languages, that was founded for him. In 1838 he was elected to the Académie des Inscriptions et...
, orientalist (d.18781878 in FranceSee also:1877 in France,other events of 1878,1879 in France.----Events from the year 1878 in France.-Events:*1 May - Exposition Universelle opened in Paris.*10 November - Exposition Universelle closed.-January to June:...
). - 25 January - François-Vincent RaspailFrançois-Vincent RaspailFrançois-Vincent Raspail was a French chemist, naturalist, physiologist, and socialist politician.-Biography:...
, chemistChemistA chemist is a scientist trained in the study of chemistry. Chemists study the composition of matter and its properties such as density and acidity. Chemists carefully describe the properties they study in terms of quantities, with detail on the level of molecules and their component atoms...
, physiologist and socialist (d.18781878 in FranceSee also:1877 in France,other events of 1878,1879 in France.----Events from the year 1878 in France.-Events:*1 May - Exposition Universelle opened in Paris.*10 November - Exposition Universelle closed.-January to June:...
). - 9 February - Jacques-François AncelotJacques-François AncelotJacques-Arsène-Polycarpe-François Ancelot was a French dramatist and litterateur.-Biography:Born in Le Havre, Ancelot became a clerk in the admiralty, and retained his position until the Revolution of 1830. In 1816 his play Warwick was accepted by the Théâtre Français, but never produced, and...
, dramatist (d.18541854 in FranceSee also:1853 in France,other events of 1854,1855 in France.----Events from the year 1854 in France.-Events:*27 March - United Kingdom declares war on Russia and Crimean War begins.*28 March - France declares war on Russia....
). - 5 March - Jacques BabinetJacques BabinetJacques Babinet was a French physicist, mathematician, and astronomer who is best known for his contributions to optics....
, physicistPhysicsPhysics is a natural science that involves the study of matter and its motion through spacetime, along with related concepts such as energy and force. More broadly, it is the general analysis of nature, conducted in order to understand how the universe behaves.Physics is one of the oldest academic...
, mathematician, and astronomer (d.18721872 in FranceSee also:1871 in France,other events of 1872,1873 in France.----Events from the year 1872 in France.-Events:*27 November - Meteor shower display over France.*Louis Ducos du Hauron creates the first color photograph.-Births:...
). - 20 March - René-Primevère LessonRené-Primevère LessonRené Primevère Lesson was a French surgeon, naturalist, ornithologist, and herpetologist.Lesson was born at Rochefort, and at the age of sixteen he entered the Naval Medical School there...
, surgeonSurgerySurgery is an ancient medical specialty that uses operative manual and instrumental techniques on a patient to investigate and/or treat a pathological condition such as disease or injury, or to help improve bodily function or appearance.An act of performing surgery may be called a surgical...
and naturalistNatural historyNatural history is the scientific research of plants or animals, leaning more towards observational rather than experimental methods of study, and encompasses more research published in magazines than in academic journals. Grouped among the natural sciences, natural history is the systematic study...
(d.18491849 in FranceSee also:1848 in France,other events of 1849,1850 in France.----Events from the year 1849 in France.-Events:*1 January - France's first postage stamp, Ceres, is issued....
).
April to June
- 4 April - Sabin BerthelotSabin BerthelotSabin Berthelot was a French naturalist and ethnologist. He was resident on the Canary Islands for part of his life, and co-authored L'Histoire Naturelle des Îles Canaries with Philip Barker Webb....
, naturalistNatural historyNatural history is the scientific research of plants or animals, leaning more towards observational rather than experimental methods of study, and encompasses more research published in magazines than in academic journals. Grouped among the natural sciences, natural history is the systematic study...
and ethnologist (d.18801880 in FranceSee also:1879 in France,other events of 1880,1881 in France.----Events from the year 1880 in France.-Events:*29 June - France annexes Tahiti.*Discovery of piezoelectricity by Pierre Curie and Jacques Curie.-Births:...
). - 12 April - Germinal Pierre DandelinGerminal Pierre DandelinGerminal Pierre Dandelin was a mathematician, soldier, and professor of engineering. He was born near Paris to a French father and Belgian mother, studying first at Ghent then returning to Paris to study at the École Polytechnique. He was wounded fighting under Napoleon. He worked for the...
, mathematicianMathematicianA mathematician is a person whose primary area of study is the field of mathematics. Mathematicians are concerned with quantity, structure, space, and change....
, soldierSoldierA soldier is a member of the land component of national armed forces; whereas a soldier hired for service in a foreign army would be termed a mercenary...
, and professorProfessorA professor is a scholarly teacher; the precise meaning of the term varies by country. Literally, professor derives from Latin as a "person who professes" being usually an expert in arts or sciences; a teacher of high rank...
of engineeringEngineeringEngineering is the discipline, art, skill and profession of acquiring and applying scientific, mathematical, economic, social, and practical knowledge, in order to design and build structures, machines, devices, systems, materials and processes that safely realize improvements to the lives of...
(d.18471847 in FranceSee also:1846 in France,other events of 1847,1848 in France.----Events from the year 1847 in France.-Events:*15 April - French vessels dispatched by Admiral Cécille bombarded Đà Nẵng in response to the persecution of Roman Catholic missionaries.*21 December - Abd al-Kader surrenders and is...
). - 15 April - Jean Pierre FlourensJean Pierre FlourensMarie Jean Pierre Flourens , father of Gustave Flourens, was a French physiologist, the founder of experimental brain science and a pioneer in anesthesia....
, physiologist (d.18671867 in FranceSee also:1866 in France,other events of 1867,1868 in France.----Events from the year 1867 in France.-Events:*13 January - French Military Mission arrives in Yokohama, Japan.*7 June - Adolphe Dugléré prepares the Three Emperors Dinner...
). - 26 April - Jean-Pierre FalretJean-Pierre FalretJean-Pierre Falret was a French psychiatrist born in Marseille.In 1811 he began his medical studies in Paris, where he was inspired by the work of Philippe Pinel and Jean Étienne Dominique Esquirol...
, psychiatristPsychiatristA psychiatrist is a physician who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of mental disorders. All psychiatrists are trained in diagnostic evaluation and in psychotherapy...
(d.18701870 in FranceSee also:1869 in France,other events of 1870,1871 in France.----Events from the year 1870 in France.-Events:*20 April - Constitutional referendum reaffirmed the status of the Second French Empire....
). - 29 May - Antoine BussyAntoine BussyAntoine Alexandre Brutus Bussy was a French chemist who primarily studied bussays.Antoine Bussy entered the Ecole Polytechnique in 1813, and there followed the courses delivered by Pierre Robiquet, the great French chemist who was to make decisive breakthroughs in bio-chemistry Antoine Alexandre...
, chemistChemistA chemist is a scientist trained in the study of chemistry. Chemists study the composition of matter and its properties such as density and acidity. Chemists carefully describe the properties they study in terms of quantities, with detail on the level of molecules and their component atoms...
(d.18821882 in FranceSee also:1881 in France,other events of 1882,1883 in France.----Events from the year 1882 in France.-Events:*28 March - Republican Jules Ferry makes primary education in France free, non-clerical and obligatory....
). - 23 June - Louis PetitotLouis PetitotLouis-Messidor'-Lebon Petitot was a French sculptor, who was born and died in Paris. He was the pupil and son-in-law of the sculptor Pierre Cartellier....
, sculptor (d.18621862 in FranceSee also:1861 in France,other events of 1862,1863 in France.----Events from the year 1862 in France.-Events:*6 January - French, Spanish and British forces arrive in Veracruz, Mexico, beginning the French intervention in Mexico....
).
July to December
- 29 July - Auguste Regnaud de Saint-Jean d'AngélyAuguste Regnaud de Saint-Jean d'AngélyAuguste Michel Étienne Regnaud de Saint-Jean d'Angély, later 2nd Count Regnaud de Saint-Jean d'Angély was a Marshal of France, soldier and politician....
, Marshal of FranceMarshal of FranceThe Marshal of France is a military distinction in contemporary France, not a military rank. It is granted to generals for exceptional achievements...
(d.18701870 in FranceSee also:1869 in France,other events of 1870,1871 in France.----Events from the year 1870 in France.-Events:*20 April - Constitutional referendum reaffirmed the status of the Second French Empire....
). - 9 August - Achille ValenciennesAchille ValenciennesAchille Valenciennes was a French zoologist.Valenciennes was born in Paris, and studied under Georges Cuvier. Valenciennes' study of parasitic worms in humans made an important contribution to the study of parasitology...
, zoologist (d.18651865 in FranceSee also:1864 in France,other events of 1865,1866 in France.----Events from the year 1865 in France.-Births:*20 January - Yvette Guilbert, singer and actress .*9 June - Albéric Magnard, composer ....
). - 29 August - Léon CognietLéon CognietLéon Cogniet was a French historical and portrait painter.- Biography :Cogniet was born in Paris. In 1812, he entered the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris, where he studied under Pierre-Narcisse Guérin at the same time as Delacroix and Géricault. In 1817 he won the Prix de Rome and was a resident at...
, painter (d.18801880 in FranceSee also:1879 in France,other events of 1880,1881 in France.----Events from the year 1880 in France.-Events:*29 June - France annexes Tahiti.*Discovery of piezoelectricity by Pierre Curie and Jacques Curie.-Births:...
). - 10 September - François BenoistFrançois BenoistFrançois Benoist was a French organist, composer, and pedagogue.Benoist was born in Nantes. He studied music at the Conservatoire de Paris and won the Prix de Rome in 1815 for his cantata Œnone. In 1819, he became organist and professor of organ at the Conservatoire; he held the latter post for...
, composerComposerA composer is a person who creates music, either by musical notation or oral tradition, for interpretation and performance, or through direct manipulation of sonic material through electronic media...
and organistOrganistAn organist is a musician who plays any type of organ. An organist may play solo organ works, play with an ensemble or orchestra, or accompany one or more singers or instrumental soloists...
(d.18781878 in FranceSee also:1877 in France,other events of 1878,1879 in France.----Events from the year 1878 in France.-Events:*1 May - Exposition Universelle opened in Paris.*10 November - Exposition Universelle closed.-January to June:...
). - September - Auguste Simon ParisAuguste Simon ParisAuguste Simon Paris was a French notary and entomologist.A former notary who retired to live in Épernay, he was interested in butterflies and Coleoptera and assembled a rich personal collection, sold on his death...
, notaryCivil law notaryCivil-law notaries, or Latin notaries, are lawyers of noncontentious private civil law who draft, take, and record legal instruments for private parties, provide legal advice and give attendance in person, and are vested as public officers with the authentication power of the State...
and entomologist (d.18691869 in FranceSee also:1868 in France,other events of 1869,1870 in France.----Events from the year 1869 in France.-Events:*23 May - Legislative election held.*6 June - Legislative election held to elect the fourth legislature of the French Second Empire....
). - 22 October - Armand-Benjamin CaillauArmand-Benjamin CaillauArmand-Benjamin Caillau was a French Catholic priest, a missionary and writer.-Life:Ordained in 1818, he was successively a member of the Missions de France, rector of Sainte-Geneviève and chaplain of the Infirmerie Marie-Thérèse. He joined, in 1834, the Fathers of Mercy, newly re-organized by...
, Roman Catholic priest, a missionary and writer (d.18501850 in FranceSee also:1849 in France,other events of 1850,1851 in France.----Events from the year 1850 in France.-Events:*15 April - Angers Bridge collapsed when 478 French soldiers marched across it...
). - 6 November - Aimable Pélissier, Marshal of FranceMarshal of FranceThe Marshal of France is a military distinction in contemporary France, not a military rank. It is granted to generals for exceptional achievements...
(d.18641864 in FranceSee also:1863 in France,other events of 1864,1865 in France.----Events from the year 1864 in France.-Events:*10 April - Treaty of Miramar.*Jules Verne's Journey to the Center of the Earth published.-Births:...
).
Full date unknown
- Etienne ArnalEtienne ArnalÉtienne Arnal was a French actor.Arnal was born at Meulan, Yvelines, on the 1st of February 1794. After serving in the army, and working in a button factory, he took to the stage...
, actor (d.18721872 in FranceSee also:1871 in France,other events of 1872,1873 in France.----Events from the year 1872 in France.-Events:*27 November - Meteor shower display over France.*Louis Ducos du Hauron creates the first color photograph.-Births:...
). - Pierre-Médard DiardPierre-Médard DiardPierre-Médard Diard was a French naturalist and explorer.Diard studied zoology and anatomy under Georges Cuvier and assisted him in researches on the development of the foetus and on the eggs of quadrupeds. In 1816, he traveled to the East Indies....
, naturalistNatural historyNatural history is the scientific research of plants or animals, leaning more towards observational rather than experimental methods of study, and encompasses more research published in magazines than in academic journals. Grouped among the natural sciences, natural history is the systematic study...
and explorer (d.18631863 in FranceSee also:1862 in France,other events of 1863,1864 in France.----Events from the year 1863 in France.-Events:*15 January - French forces bombard Veracruz, during the French intervention in Mexico.*16 March - French siege of Puebla begins....
). - Louis Adolphe le Doulcet, comte de PontécoulantLouis Adolphe le Doulcet, comte de PontécoulantLouis Adolphe le Doulcet, comte de Pontécoulant was a French soldier and musicologist. He was the son of Louis Gustave le Doulcet, comte de Pontécoulant and the older brother of Philippe Gustave le Doulcet....
, soldier and musicologistMusicologyMusicology is the scholarly study of music. The word is used in narrow, broad and intermediate senses. In the narrow sense, musicology is confined to the music history of Western culture...
(d.18821882 in FranceSee also:1881 in France,other events of 1882,1883 in France.----Events from the year 1882 in France.-Events:*28 March - Republican Jules Ferry makes primary education in France free, non-clerical and obligatory....
). - Jean Baptiste DouvilleJean Baptiste DouvilleJean Baptiste Douville , French traveller, was born at Hambye, in the department of Manche. Having at an early age inherited a fortune, he decided to gratify his taste for foreign travel. According to his own profession he visited India, Kashmir, Khorasan, Persia, Asia Minor and many parts of Europe...
, traveller and writer (d.18371837 in FranceSee also:1836 in France,other events of 1837,1838 in France.----Events from the year 1837 in France.-Events:*30 May - Treaty of Tafna signed by France and Abd-el-Kader, after French forces sustained heavy losses and military reversals in Algeria....
). - Frédéric MonodFrédéric MonodFrédéric Monod was a French Protestant pastor.The brother of Adolphe Monod, he was greatly influenced by Robert Haldane. Along with Count Gasparin, Monod founded the Union of the Evangelical Churches of France; his son, Théodore, followed in his footsteps.Naturalist and explorer Théodore André...
, Protestant pastor (d.18631863 in FranceSee also:1862 in France,other events of 1863,1864 in France.----Events from the year 1863 in France.-Events:*15 January - French forces bombard Veracruz, during the French intervention in Mexico.*16 March - French siege of Puebla begins....
). - Pierre Adolphe PiorryPierre Adolphe PiorryPierre Adolphe Piorry was a French physician born in Poitiers. He invented pleximetry and was the creator of medical terms toxin, toxemia and septicemia....
, physician (d.18791879 in FranceSee also:1878 in France,other events of 1879,1880 in France.----Events from the year 1879 in France.-Events:*1 June - Napoléon Eugène, Prince Imperial , great-nephew of Napoléon Bonaparte, Bonapartist Pretender to the throne, died in Africa during the Anglo-Zulu War.*Ferdinand Cheval begins to...
). - Jeanne Villepreux-PowerJeanne Villepreux-PowerJeanne Villepreux-Power was a pioneering female French marine biologist who in 1832 was the first person to create aquaria for experimenting with aquatic organisms....
, marine biologist (d.18711871 in FranceSee also:1870 in France,other events of 1871,1872 in France.----Events from the year 1871 in France.- Events :* 3 January - Battle of Bapaume...
). - Brutus de VilleroiBrutus de VilleroiBrutus de Villeroi was a French engineer of the 19th century, born as Brutus Villeroi in the city of Tours and soon moved to Nantes, who developed some of the first operational submarines, and the first submarine of the United States Navy, the Alligator in 1862.-Villeroi's first submarine :In...
, submarineSubmarineA submarine is a watercraft capable of independent operation below the surface of the water. It differs from a submersible, which has more limited underwater capability...
engineer (d.18741874 in FranceSee also:1873 in France,other events of 1874,1875 in France.----Events from the year 1874 in France.-Arts and literature:*23 January - Camille Saint-Saëns' composition Danse Macabre is premiered....
).
January to March
- 28 January - Henri de la RochejaqueleinHenri de la RochejaqueleinHenri du Vergier, comte de la Rochejaquelein was the youngest general of the Royalist Vendéan insurrection during the French Revolution.-Early activities:...
, youngest general of the RoyalistHouse of BourbonThe House of Bourbon is a European royal house, a branch of the Capetian dynasty . Bourbon kings first ruled Navarre and France in the 16th century. By the 18th century, members of the Bourbon dynasty also held thrones in Spain, Naples, Sicily, and Parma...
Vendéan insurrectionRevolt in the VendéeThe War in the Vendée was a Royalist rebellion and counterrevolution in the Vendée region of France during the French Revolution. The Vendée is a coastal region, located immediately south of the Loire River in western France. The uprising was closely tied to the Chouannerie, which took place in...
(b.1722). - 24 March - Jacques HébertJacques HébertJacques René Hébert was a French journalist, and the founder and editor of the extreme radical newspaper Le Père Duchesne during the French Revolution...
, editor of radical newspaper Le Père DuchesneLe Père DuchesneLe Père Duchesne was an extreme radical newspaper during the French Revolution, edited by Jacques Hébert, who published 385 issues from September 1790 until eleven days before his death by guillotine, which took place on March 24, 1794...
, executed (b.1757). - 28 March - Marquis de CondorcetMarquis de CondorcetMarie Jean Antoine Nicolas de Caritat, marquis de Condorcet , known as Nicolas de Condorcet, was a French philosopher, mathematician, and early political scientist whose Condorcet method in voting tally selects the candidate who would beat each of the other candidates in a run-off election...
, philosopher, mathematicianMathematicianA mathematician is a person whose primary area of study is the field of mathematics. Mathematicians are concerned with quantity, structure, space, and change....
and political scientistPolitical sciencePolitical Science is a social science discipline concerned with the study of the state, government and politics. Aristotle defined it as the study of the state. It deals extensively with the theory and practice of politics, and the analysis of political systems and political behavior...
(b.1743).
April to June
- 5 April - Georges DantonGeorges DantonGeorges Jacques Danton was leading figure in the early stages of the French Revolution and the first President of the Committee of Public Safety. Danton's role in the onset of the Revolution has been disputed; many historians describe him as "the chief force in theoverthrow of the monarchy and the...
, leading figure early in the French RevolutionFrench RevolutionThe French Revolution , sometimes distinguished as the 'Great French Revolution' , was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France and Europe. The absolute monarchy that had ruled France for centuries collapsed in three years...
, executed (b.1759). - 5 April - Camille DesmoulinsCamille DesmoulinsLucie Simplice Camille Benoît Desmoulins was a journalist and politician who played an important role in the French Revolution. He was a childhood friend of Maximilien Robespierre and a close friend and political ally of Georges Danton, who were influential figures in the French Revolution.-Early...
, journalist and leading figure in the French Revolution, executed (b.1760). - 5 April - Marie-Jean Hérault de SéchellesMarie-Jean Hérault de SéchellesMarie-Jean Hérault de Séchelles was a French judge and politician who took part in the French Revolution.-Origins and early career:...
, Revolutionary politician, executed (b.1759). - 5 April - Fabre d'ÉglantineFabre d'ÉglantinePhilippe François Nazaire Fabre d'Églantine , commonly known as Fabre d'Églantine , was a French actor, dramatist, poet, and politician of the French Revolution.-Early life:He was born in Carcassonne, Aude...
, actor, dramatist and Revolutionary politician, executed (b.1750). - 5 April - François Joseph WestermannFrançois Joseph WestermannFrançois Joseph Westermann was a French general of the Revolutionary Wars and political figure of the French Revolution.-Career:...
, General and Revolutionary politician, executed (b.1751). - 13 April - Pierre Gaspard ChaumettePierre Gaspard ChaumettePierre Gaspard Chaumette was a French politician of the Revolutionaryperiod.-Early activities:Born in Nevers France, 24 May 1763, his main interest was botany and science. Chaumette studied medicine at the University of Paris in 1790, but gave up his career in medicine at the start of the Revolution...
, Revolutionary politician, executed (b.1763). - 13 April - Lucile DuplessisLucile DuplessisAnne Lucile Philippe Laridon Duplessis was the wife of the French revolutionary and journalist Camille Desmoulins. She was the daughter of Claude Etienne Laridon Duplessis, an official of the French Treasury, and Anne Françoise Marie Boisdeveix...
, wife of Camille DesmoulinsCamille DesmoulinsLucie Simplice Camille Benoît Desmoulins was a journalist and politician who played an important role in the French Revolution. He was a childhood friend of Maximilien Robespierre and a close friend and political ally of Georges Danton, who were influential figures in the French Revolution.-Early...
, executed (b.1770). - 23 April - Guillaume-Chrétien de Lamoignon de MalesherbesGuillaume-Chrétien de Lamoignon de MalesherbesGuillaume-Chrétien de Lamoignon de Malesherbes , often referred to as Malesherbes or Lamoignon-Malesherbes, was a French statesman, minister, and afterwards counsel for the defence of Louis XVI.-Biography:...
, statesman and Minister, executed (b.1721). - 8 May - Antoine LavoisierAntoine LavoisierAntoine-Laurent de Lavoisier , the "father of modern chemistry", was a French nobleman prominent in the histories of chemistry and biology...
, nobleman and chemist, executed (b.1743). - 17 June - Marguerite-Élie GuadetMarguerite-Élie GuadetMarguerite-Élie Guadet was a French political figure of the Revolutionary period.-Rise to prominence:Born in Saint-Émilion, Gironde, Aquitaine, he had already gained a reputation as a lawyer in Bordeaux by the time of the Revolution...
, Royalist politician, executed (b.1753). - 18 June - François BuzotFrançois BuzotFrançois Nicolas Léonard Buzot was a French politician and leader of the French Revolution.-Early life:Born at Évreux, Eure, he studied Law, and, at the outbreak of the Revolution was a lawyer in his home town. In 1789 he was elected deputy to the Estates-General and there became known for his...
, revolutionary politician (b.1760). - 27 June - Philippe de Noailles, duc de MouchyPhilippe de Noailles, duc de MouchyPhilippe de Noailles, comte de Noailles and later prince de Poix, duc de Mouchy, and duc de Poix à brevêt , was a younger brother of Louis de Noailles, and a more distinguished soldier than his brother...
, Marshal of FranceMarshal of FranceThe Marshal of France is a military distinction in contemporary France, not a military rank. It is granted to generals for exceptional achievements...
, executed (b.1715). - 27 June - Charles-Louis-Victor, prince de BroglieCharles-Louis-Victor, prince de BroglieCharles-Louis-Victor, prince de Broglie, called Victor de Broglie was a French soldier and politician.-Biography:...
, soldier and politician, executed (b.1756).
July to December
- 23 July - Alexandre, vicomte de BeauharnaisAlexandre, vicomte de BeauharnaisAlexandre François Marie de Beauharnais, Vicomte de Beauharnais was a French political figure and general during the French Revolution...
, General and politician, executed (b.1760). - 25 July - André ChénierAndré ChénierAndré Marie Chénier was a French poet, associated with the events of the French Revolution of which he was a victim. His sensual, emotive poetry marks him as one of the precursors of the Romantic movement...
, poet, executed (b.1762). - 28 July - Maximilien RobespierreMaximilien RobespierreMaximilien François Marie Isidore de Robespierre is one of the best-known and most influential figures of the French Revolution. He largely dominated the Committee of Public Safety and was instrumental in the period of the Revolution commonly known as the Reign of Terror, which ended with his...
, Revolutionary leader, executed (b.1758). - 28 July - Augustin RobespierreAugustin RobespierreAugustin Bon Joseph de Robespierre was the younger brother of French Revolutionary leader, Maximilien Robespierre....
, Revolutionary politician, executed (b.1763). - 28 July - Louis de Saint-JustLouis de Saint-JustLouis Antoine Léon de Saint-Just , usually known as Saint-Just, was a military and political leader during the French Revolution. The youngest of the deputies elected to the National Convention in 1792, Saint-Just rose quickly in their ranks and became a major leader of the government of the French...
, Revolutionary leader, executed (b.1767). - 28 July - François HanriotFrançois HanriotFrançois Hanriot was a French leader and street orator of the Revolution. He played a vital role in the Insurrection and subsequently the fall of the Girondins.-Early years:...
, Revolutionary leader, executed (b.1761). - 25 September - Paul RabautPaul RabautPaul Rabaut was a French pastor of the Huguenot "Church of the Desert".He was born at Bédarieux, Hérault. In 1738 he was admitted as a preacher by the synod of Languedoc, and in 1740 he went to Lausanne to complete his studies in the seminary founded by Antoine Court...
, HuguenotHuguenotThe Huguenots were members of the Protestant Reformed Church of France during the 16th and 17th centuries. Since the 17th century, people who formerly would have been called Huguenots have instead simply been called French Protestants, a title suggested by their German co-religionists, the...
pastor (b.1718). - 3 November - François-Joachim de Pierre de BernisFrançois-Joachim de Pierre de BernisFrançois-Joachim de Pierre de Bernis was a French cardinal and statesman. He was the sixth member elected to occupy seat 3 of the Académie française in 1744.- Biography :...
, Cardinal and statesman (b.1715). - 16 November - Jean-Baptiste CarrierJean-Baptiste CarrierJean-Baptiste Carrier was a French Revolutionary, known for his cruelty to his enemies, especially to clergy.-Biography:...
, revolutionary politician, executed (b.1756).