Philippe de Noailles, duc de Mouchy
Encyclopedia
Paris
Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...
– 27 June 1794 in Paris), was a younger brother of Louis de Noailles, and a more distinguished soldier than his brother. He was the son of Françoise Charlotte d'Aubigné
Françoise Charlotte d'Aubigné
Françoise Charlotte Amable d'Aubigné, Duchess of Noailles was the wife of Adrien Maurice de Noailles, 3rd Duke of Noailles. She was the niece of Françoise d'Aubigné, Madame de Maintenon, and her heiress.-Biography:...
, niece of Madame de Maintenon.
Life
He served at MindenBattle of Minden
The Battle of Minden—or Thonhausen—was fought on 1 August 1759, during the Seven Years' War. An army fielded by the Anglo-German alliance commanded by Field Marshal Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick, defeated a French army commanded by Marshal of France Louis, Marquis de Contades...
and in other campaigns, and was made a marshal of France
Marshal of France
The Marshal of France is a military distinction in contemporary France, not a military rank. It is granted to generals for exceptional achievements...
in 1775, on the same day as his brother. He was long in great favor at court, and his wife, Anne d'Arpajon, comtesse de Noailles, was first lady of honor to Marie Antoinette
Marie Antoinette
Marie Antoinette ; 2 November 1755 – 16 October 1793) was an Archduchess of Austria and the Queen of France and of Navarre. She was the fifteenth and penultimate child of Holy Roman Empress Maria Theresa and Holy Roman Emperor Francis I....
, and was nicknamed by her Madame Etiquette
Etiquette
Etiquette is a code of behavior that delineates expectations for social behavior according to contemporary conventional norms within a society, social class, or group...
. This court favor brought down punishment in the days of the French Revolution
French Revolution
The French Revolution , sometimes distinguished as the 'Great French Revolution' , was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France and Europe. The absolute monarchy that had ruled France for centuries collapsed in three years...
, and the old marshal, his sister, his wife, daughter-in-law and granddaughter were all guillotine
Guillotine
The guillotine is a device used for carrying out :executions by decapitation. It consists of a tall upright frame from which an angled blade is suspended. This blade is raised with a rope and then allowed to drop, severing the head from the body...
d on 27 June 1794. Twenty-five days later, the widow, daughter-in-law, and granddaughter of the 4th duc de Noailles were guillotined.
The comte de Noailles received the Spanish
Spain
Spain , officially the Kingdom of Spain languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Spain's official name is as follows:;;;;;;), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula...
title of prince de Poix in 1729, and that of duc de Mouchy
Duc de Mouchy
The title of duke of Mouchy was a French peerage held by members of a cadet branch of the Noailles family.The founder of the branch, Philippe, comte de Noailles , was the younger brother of Louis, 4th duc de Noailles and a marshal of France....
in 1747. In 1767 he received the additional French title of duc de Poix à brevêt. The title of prince de Poix passed to his son Charles-Adrien as a courtesy title
Courtesy title
A courtesy title is a form of address in systems of nobility used for children, former wives and other close relatives of a peer. These styles are used 'by courtesy' in the sense that the relatives do not themselves hold substantive titles...
on the latter's birth in 1747, and after the child's death later that year and the infant deaths of two further sons, came to rest on Noailles's successor, Philippe-Louis-Marc-Antoine.
Two of de Noailles's three surviving sons, Philippe-Louis-Marc-Antoine and Louis-Marie
Louis-Marie, vicomte de Noailles
Louis-Marie, vicomte de Noailles was the second son of Philippe, duc de Mouchy, and a member of Mouchy branch of the famous Noailles family of the French aristocracy....
, were members of the National Constituent Assembly
National Constituent Assembly
The National Constituent Assembly was formed from the National Assembly on 9 July 1789, during the first stages of the French Revolution. It dissolved on 30 September 1791 and was succeeded by the Legislative Assembly.-Background:...
; Louis-Marie's wife died with his parents.