13th century in Wales
Encyclopedia
| 12th century 12th century in Wales This article is about the particular significance of the century 1100 - 1199 to Wales and its people.-Events:1102*Gerald de Windsor becomes Constable of Pembroke Castle.1109*Nest ferch Rhys is abducted from Cilgerran Castle by Owain ap Cadwgan.1130... | 14th century 14th century in Wales This article is about the particular significance of the century 1300 - 1399 to Wales and its people.-Princes of Wales:*Edward of Caernarfon *Edward, the Black Prince... | Other years in Wales |
| Other events of the century 13th century As a means of recording the passage of time, the 13th century was that century which lasted from 1201 through 1300 in accordance with the Julian calendar in the Christian/Common Era... |
This article is about the particular significance of the century 1200 - 1299 to Wales
Wales
Wales is a country that is part of the United Kingdom and the island of Great Britain, bordered by England to its east and the Atlantic Ocean and Irish Sea to its west. It has a population of three million, and a total area of 20,779 km²...
and its people
Welsh people
The Welsh people are an ethnic group and nation associated with Wales and the Welsh language.John Davies argues that the origin of the "Welsh nation" can be traced to the late 4th and early 5th centuries, following the Roman departure from Britain, although Brythonic Celtic languages seem to have...
.
Princes of Wales
- Llywelyn the GreatLlywelyn the GreatLlywelyn the Great , full name Llywelyn ab Iorwerth, was a Prince of Gwynedd in north Wales and eventually de facto ruler over most of Wales...
(c.1218-1240) - Dafydd ap LlywelynDafydd ap LlywelynDafydd ap Llywelyn was Prince of Gwynedd from 1240 to 1246. He was for a time recognised as Prince of Wales.- Descent :...
(1240-1246) - Llywelyn the LastLlywelyn the LastLlywelyn ap Gruffydd or Llywelyn Ein Llyw Olaf , sometimes rendered as Llywelyn II, was the last prince of an independent Wales before its conquest by Edward I of England....
(c.1246-1282) - Dafydd ap Gruffudd (1282-3)
(Also Madog ap Llywelyn
Madog ap Llywelyn
Madog ap Llywelyn, or Prince Madoc, was from a junior branch of the House of Aberffraw and a distant relation of Llywelyn ap Gruffudd, the last recognised native Prince of Wales.-Lineage:...
, proclaimed prince during revolt of 1294-5)
Events
1200- Giles de BraoseGiles de BraoseGiles de Braose was Bishop of Hereford from 1200 to 1215.-Early life:Giles was the second son of William de Braose, 4th Lord of Bramber. His father was a landholder on the Welsh Marches, who gained the favour of King John of England in the early years of John's reign. Giles' mother was Maud of St...
becomes Bishop of Hereford.
1201
- Llywelyn the GreatLlywelyn the GreatLlywelyn the Great , full name Llywelyn ab Iorwerth, was a Prince of Gwynedd in north Wales and eventually de facto ruler over most of Wales...
, Prince of Gwynedd, takes Eifionydd and Llŷn from Maredudd ap Cynan on a charge of treachery. - July - Llywelyn makes a treaty with King John of EnglandJohn of EnglandJohn , also known as John Lackland , was King of England from 6 April 1199 until his death...
.
1202
- August - Llywelyn the GreatLlywelyn the GreatLlywelyn the Great , full name Llywelyn ab Iorwerth, was a Prince of Gwynedd in north Wales and eventually de facto ruler over most of Wales...
attacks Gwenwynwyn ab OwainGwenwynwyn ab OwainGwenwynwyn ab Owain Cyfeiliog was the last major ruler of mid Wales before the completion of the Norman English invasion.- Lineage :...
of Powys.
1203
- December 7 - Geoffrey de Henlaw is consecrated as Bishop of St David'sBishop of St David'sThe Bishop of St David's is the ordinary of the Church in Wales Diocese of St David's.The succession of bishops stretches back to Saint David who in the 6th century established his seat in what is today the city of St David's in Pembrokeshire, founding St David's Cathedral. The current Bishop of St...
.
1204
- King John of EnglandJohn of EnglandJohn , also known as John Lackland , was King of England from 6 April 1199 until his death...
suspects Ranulf de Blondeville, 6th Earl of Chester, of colluding with the Welsh and has his estates temporarily confiscated.
1205
- probable - Llywelyn the GreatLlywelyn the GreatLlywelyn the Great , full name Llywelyn ab Iorwerth, was a Prince of Gwynedd in north Wales and eventually de facto ruler over most of Wales...
marries JoanJoan, Lady of WalesJoan, Princess of Wales and Lady of Snowdon was the wife of Llywelyn the Great, Prince of Wales and Gwynedd and effective ruler of most of Wales.-Early life:...
, illegitimate daughter of King John of EnglandJohn of EnglandJohn , also known as John Lackland , was King of England from 6 April 1199 until his death...
.
1206
- King John gives Skenfrith CastleSkenfrith CastleSkenfrith Castle is a medieval castle located in Monmouthshire, Wales. The castle is in the centre of the village of Skenfrith, located on the banks of the River Monnow, just five miles to the north of the town of Monmouth...
, Grosmont CastleGrosmont CastleGrosmont Castle is a ruined castle in Grosmont, Monmouthshire very near the present English / Welsh border, approximately 8 miles northeast of Abergavenny, between Abergavenny, Hereford and Monmouth.-Grosmont Castle:...
and White CastleWhite Castle (Wales)White Castle is a medieval castle located in Monmouthshire, Wales. The name "White Castle" was first recorded in the thirteenth century, and was derived from the whitewash put on the stone walls. The castle was originally called Llantilio Castle , after Llantilio Crossenny, the mediæval manor of...
to William de Braose, 4th Lord of BramberWilliam de Braose, 4th Lord of BramberWilliam de Braose, , 4th Lord of Bramber , court favourite of King John of England, at the peak of his power, was also Lord of Gower, Abergavenny, Brecknock, Builth, Radnor, Kington, Limerick, Glamorgan, Skenfrith, Briouze in Normandy, Grosmont, and White Castle.-Lineage:William was the most...
. - Gerald of Wales makes his fourth visit to Rome.
1208
- March - For failing to intervene in the rebellion of William de Braose, 4th Lord of BramberWilliam de Braose, 4th Lord of BramberWilliam de Braose, , 4th Lord of Bramber , court favourite of King John of England, at the peak of his power, was also Lord of Gower, Abergavenny, Brecknock, Builth, Radnor, Kington, Limerick, Glamorgan, Skenfrith, Briouze in Normandy, Grosmont, and White Castle.-Lineage:William was the most...
, Walter II de CliffordWalter II de CliffordWalter II de Clifford was a Welsh Marcher Lord and High Sheriff in England.He was born in Clifford Castle, near Hay-on-Wye, Herefordshire the son of Walter I de Clifford ....
is deprived of his Marcher barony of Clifford by King John of EnglandJohn of EnglandJohn , also known as John Lackland , was King of England from 6 April 1199 until his death...
. - Gwenwynwyn ab OwainGwenwynwyn ab OwainGwenwynwyn ab Owain Cyfeiliog was the last major ruler of mid Wales before the completion of the Norman English invasion.- Lineage :...
is arrested by King John. Llywelyn the GreatLlywelyn the GreatLlywelyn the Great , full name Llywelyn ab Iorwerth, was a Prince of Gwynedd in north Wales and eventually de facto ruler over most of Wales...
annexes Gwenwynwyn's territory of southern Powys.
1209
- Llywelyn the GreatLlywelyn the GreatLlywelyn the Great , full name Llywelyn ab Iorwerth, was a Prince of Gwynedd in north Wales and eventually de facto ruler over most of Wales...
accompanies his father-in-law, King John of EnglandJohn of EnglandJohn , also known as John Lackland , was King of England from 6 April 1199 until his death...
, on campaign against King William I of ScotlandWilliam I of ScotlandWilliam the Lion , sometimes styled William I, also known by the nickname Garbh, "the Rough", reigned as King of the Scots from 1165 to 1214...
.
1210
- Maud de BraoseMaud de BraoseMaud de Braose, Lady of Bramber was the wife of William de Braose, 4th Lord of Bramber, a powerful Marcher baron and court favourite of King John of England...
and her son William are captured and imprisoned by King John, first at Windsor Castle and then at Corfe Castle, where they are starved to death. - Ranulf de Blondeville, 6th Earl of Chester, and Peter des RochesPeter des RochesPeter des Roches was bishop of Winchester in the reigns of King John of England and his son Henry III. Roches was not an Englishman, but a Poitevin.-Life:...
lead an army into Gwynedd. To impede their progress, Llywelyn destroys his own castle at Deganwy.
1211
- August - King John of EnglandJohn of EnglandJohn , also known as John Lackland , was King of England from 6 April 1199 until his death...
invades Gwynedd with assistance from other Welsh princes and, at his second attempt, penetrates the heart of Llywelyn the Great's territory, When Robert of ShrewsburyRobert of ShrewsburyRobert of Shrewsbury was Bishop of Bangor from 1197 to his death.Robert appears to have been Dean of Shrewsbury and prebendary of Wolverhampton. He was appointed Bishop of Bangor by Hubert, Archbishop of Canterbury, apparently without being elected, and was consecrated by the Archbishop on 16...
, Bishop of Bangor, refuses to meet John, Bangor is burned and the bishop is taken prisoner.
1212
- Pope Innocent IIIPope Innocent IIIPope Innocent III was Pope from 8 January 1198 until his death. His birth name was Lotario dei Conti di Segni, sometimes anglicised to Lothar of Segni....
releases Llywelyn the GreatLlywelyn the GreatLlywelyn the Great , full name Llywelyn ab Iorwerth, was a Prince of Gwynedd in north Wales and eventually de facto ruler over most of Wales...
and other Welsh princes from their oaths of loyalty to King John; Llywelyn re-takes most of Gwynedd.
1213
- Llywelyn the GreatLlywelyn the GreatLlywelyn the Great , full name Llywelyn ab Iorwerth, was a Prince of Gwynedd in north Wales and eventually de facto ruler over most of Wales...
takes the castles of Deganwy and Rhuddlan.
1215
- Llywelyn the GreatLlywelyn the GreatLlywelyn the Great , full name Llywelyn ab Iorwerth, was a Prince of Gwynedd in north Wales and eventually de facto ruler over most of Wales...
captures Shrewsbury without resistance. - June 21 - Cadwgan of LlandyfaiCadwgan of LlandyfaiCadwgan also known as Cadwgan of Llandyfái was a Welsh cleric who was Bishop of Bangor from 1215 to 1236.According to Giraldus Cambrensis, Cadwgan was the son of an Irish priest and a Welsh mother. The annals state that he was the son of a priest famous for the eloquence of his Welsh preaching. He...
is consecrated as Bishop of Bangor. - December - Llywelyn captures the south Wales castles of Carmarthen, Kidwelly, Llanstephan, Cardigan and Cilgerran.
- Reginald de BraoseReginald de BraoseReginald de Braose was one of the sons of William de Braose, 4th Lord of Bramber and Matilda, also known as Maud de St. Valery and Lady de la Haie. Her other children included William and Giles....
, marries Gwladus DduGwladus DduGwladus Ddu, , full name Gwladus ferch Llywelyn was a Welsh noblewoman who was a daughter of Llywelyn the Great of Gwynedd and married two Marcher lords....
.
1216
- October 19 - The death of King John of EnglandJohn of EnglandJohn , also known as John Lackland , was King of England from 6 April 1199 until his death...
and the accession of his son as Henry III relieve political tensions between England and Wales. - Llywelyn the GreatLlywelyn the GreatLlywelyn the Great , full name Llywelyn ab Iorwerth, was a Prince of Gwynedd in north Wales and eventually de facto ruler over most of Wales...
holds a council at Aberdyfi to adjudicate on the territorial claims of the lesser princes of Wales.
1217
- October 9 - Gilbert de Clare, 5th Earl of Gloucester, marries Isabel MarshalIsabel MarshalIsabel Marshal was a medieval English countess. She was the wife of both Gilbert de Clare, 4th Earl of Hertford and 1st Earl of Gloucester and Richard, 1st Earl of Cornwall...
(on her 17th birthday). - Hugh de Lacy, 1st Earl of UlsterHugh de Lacy, 1st Earl of Ulster125px|right|thumb|[[coat of arms|Arms]] of Hugh de LacyHugh de Lacy, 1st Earl of Ulster was the younger son of Hugh de Lacy, and founded the Earldom of Ulster....
, completes the rebuilding of the church at Llanthony PrioryLlanthony PrioryLlanthony Priory is a partly ruined former Augustinian priory in the secluded Vale of Ewyas, a steep sided once glaciated valley within the Black Mountains area of the Brecon Beacons National Park in Monmouthshire, south east Wales. It lies seven miles north of Abergavenny on an old road to Hay...
. - Reginald de BraoseReginald de BraoseReginald de Braose was one of the sons of William de Braose, 4th Lord of Bramber and Matilda, also known as Maud de St. Valery and Lady de la Haie. Her other children included William and Giles....
, son-in-law of Llywelyn the GreatLlywelyn the GreatLlywelyn the Great , full name Llywelyn ab Iorwerth, was a Prince of Gwynedd in north Wales and eventually de facto ruler over most of Wales...
, goes over to the English; Llywelyn responds by attacking de Braose's lands. De Braose surrenders Swansea to Llywelyn.
1218
- Treaty of Worcester: Llywelyn the GreatLlywelyn the GreatLlywelyn the Great , full name Llywelyn ab Iorwerth, was a Prince of Gwynedd in north Wales and eventually de facto ruler over most of Wales...
makes peace with King Henry III of EnglandHenry III of EnglandHenry III was the son and successor of John as King of England, reigning for 56 years from 1216 until his death. His contemporaries knew him as Henry of Winchester. He was the first child king in England since the reign of Æthelred the Unready...
, his brother-in-law.
1219
- John de BraoseJohn de BraoseJohn de Braose , known as Tadody to the Welsh, was the Lord of Bramber and Gower.-Re-establishment of the de Braose dynasty :John re-established the senior branch of the de Braose dynasty....
, grandson of William de Braose, 4th Lord of BramberWilliam de Braose, 4th Lord of BramberWilliam de Braose, , 4th Lord of Bramber , court favourite of King John of England, at the peak of his power, was also Lord of Gower, Abergavenny, Brecknock, Builth, Radnor, Kington, Limerick, Glamorgan, Skenfrith, Briouze in Normandy, Grosmont, and White Castle.-Lineage:William was the most...
, marries Marared, daughter of Llywelyn the Great.
1220
- King Henry III of EnglandHenry III of EnglandHenry III was the son and successor of John as King of England, reigning for 56 years from 1216 until his death. His contemporaries knew him as Henry of Winchester. He was the first child king in England since the reign of Æthelred the Unready...
recognises Dafydd ap LlywelynDafydd ap LlywelynDafydd ap Llywelyn was Prince of Gwynedd from 1240 to 1246. He was for a time recognised as Prince of Wales.- Descent :...
as the heir of Llywelyn the GreatLlywelyn the GreatLlywelyn the Great , full name Llywelyn ab Iorwerth, was a Prince of Gwynedd in north Wales and eventually de facto ruler over most of Wales...
. - Hostilities break out between Llywelyn and William Marshal, 2nd Earl of PembrokeWilliam Marshal, 2nd Earl of PembrokeWilliam Marshal, 2nd Earl of Pembroke was a medieval English nobleman, and the son of the famous William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke.-Early life:William was born in Normandy probably during the spring of 1190...
.
1221
- Approximate date of the building of Castell y BereCastell y BereCastell y Bere is a native Welsh castle near Llanfihangel-y-pennant in Gwynedd, Wales. Constructed by Llywelyn the Great in the 1220s, the stone castle was intended to maintain his authority over the local people and to defend the south-west part of the princedom of Gwynedd...
by Llywelyn the Great.
1222
- Llywelyn the GreatLlywelyn the GreatLlywelyn the Great , full name Llywelyn ab Iorwerth, was a Prince of Gwynedd in north Wales and eventually de facto ruler over most of Wales...
petitions Pope Honorius IIPope Honorius IIPope Honorius II , born Lamberto Scannabecchi, was pope from December 21, 1124, to February 13, 1130. Although from a humble background, his obvious intellect and outstanding abilities saw him promoted through the ecclesiastical hierarchy...
to confirm the succession of his legitimate son, Dafydd ap LlywelynDafydd ap LlywelynDafydd ap Llywelyn was Prince of Gwynedd from 1240 to 1246. He was for a time recognised as Prince of Wales.- Descent :...
. - Elen ferch LlywelynElen ferch LlywelynElen ferch Llywelyn was the daughter of Llywelyn the Great of Gwynedd in north Wales by Lady Joan, daughter of King John of England....
marries John the Scot, Earl of Chester.
1223
- William Marshal, 2nd Earl of PembrokeWilliam Marshal, 2nd Earl of PembrokeWilliam Marshal, 2nd Earl of Pembroke was a medieval English nobleman, and the son of the famous William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke.-Early life:William was born in Normandy probably during the spring of 1190...
, retaliates against Llywelyn the GreatLlywelyn the GreatLlywelyn the Great , full name Llywelyn ab Iorwerth, was a Prince of Gwynedd in north Wales and eventually de facto ruler over most of Wales...
, recovering PembrokePembroke, PembrokeshirePembroke is an historic settlement and former county town of Pembrokeshire in west Wales. The town and the county derive their name from that of the cantref of Penfro: Pen = "head" or "end", and bro = "region", "country", "land", and so it means essentially "Land's End".-History:The main point of...
.
1226
- Pope Honorius IIIPope Honorius IIIPope Honorius III , previously known as Cencio Savelli, was Pope from 1216 to 1227.-Early work:He was born in Rome as son of Aimerico...
legitimizes Joan, Lady of WalesJoan, Lady of WalesJoan, Princess of Wales and Lady of Snowdon was the wife of Llywelyn the Great, Prince of Wales and Gwynedd and effective ruler of most of Wales.-Early life:...
, at the request of her husband, Llywelyn the GreatLlywelyn the GreatLlywelyn the Great , full name Llywelyn ab Iorwerth, was a Prince of Gwynedd in north Wales and eventually de facto ruler over most of Wales...
. - Regents of King Henry III of EnglandHenry III of EnglandHenry III was the son and successor of John as King of England, reigning for 56 years from 1216 until his death. His contemporaries knew him as Henry of Winchester. He was the first child king in England since the reign of Æthelred the Unready...
order William Marshal, 2nd Earl of PembrokeWilliam Marshal, 2nd Earl of PembrokeWilliam Marshal, 2nd Earl of Pembroke was a medieval English nobleman, and the son of the famous William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke.-Early life:William was born in Normandy probably during the spring of 1190...
, to surrender the castles of CardiganCardigan CastleCardigan Castle is a castle located in Cardigan, Ceredigion, Wales.-History:The first motte-and-bailey castle was built a mile away from the present site, probably about the time of the founding of the town by Roger de Montgomery, a Norman baron....
and CarmarthenCarmarthenCarmarthen is a community in, and the county town of, Carmarthenshire, Wales. It is sited on the River Towy north of its mouth at Carmarthen Bay. In 2001, the population was 14,648....
.
1228
- Gilbert de Clare, 5th Earl of Gloucester, leads an army against the Welsh, capturing Morgan Gam.
1229
- King Henry III of EnglandHenry III of EnglandHenry III was the son and successor of John as King of England, reigning for 56 years from 1216 until his death. His contemporaries knew him as Henry of Winchester. He was the first child king in England since the reign of Æthelred the Unready...
accepts the homage of Dafydd ap LlywelynDafydd ap LlywelynDafydd ap Llywelyn was Prince of Gwynedd from 1240 to 1246. He was for a time recognised as Prince of Wales.- Descent :...
for the lands he will inherit from his father, Llywelyn the Great.
1230
- Easter - William de Braose, during a visit to Llywelyn the GreatLlywelyn the GreatLlywelyn the Great , full name Llywelyn ab Iorwerth, was a Prince of Gwynedd in north Wales and eventually de facto ruler over most of Wales...
, is found in the bedchamber of Llywelyn's wife JoanJoan, Lady of WalesJoan, Princess of Wales and Lady of Snowdon was the wife of Llywelyn the Great, Prince of Wales and Gwynedd and effective ruler of most of Wales.-Early life:...
. De Braose is hanged and Joan is placed under house arrest. - probable - Dafydd ap Llywelyn marries Isabella de BraoseIsabella de BraoseIsabella, Princess of Wales and Lady of Snowdon was the eldest daughter of William de Braose, Lord of Abergavenny, and his wife Eva Marshal...
, daughter of William de Braose. - probable - The widowed Gwladus DduGwladus DduGwladus Ddu, , full name Gwladus ferch Llywelyn was a Welsh noblewoman who was a daughter of Llywelyn the Great of Gwynedd and married two Marcher lords....
marries Ralph de MortimerRalph de MortimerRanulph or Ralph de Mortimer was the second son of Roger de Mortimer and Isabel de Ferrers of Wigmore Castle in Herefordshire...
of Wigmore. - Hay-on-WyeHay-on-WyeHay-on-Wye , often described as "the town of books", is a small market town and community in Powys, Wales.-Location:The town lies on the east bank of the River Wye and is within the Brecon Beacons National Park, just north of the Black Mountains...
Castle passes into the hands of the de Bohun family.
1231
- February 9 - Anselm le Gras is consecrated as Bishop of St David'sBishop of St David'sThe Bishop of St David's is the ordinary of the Church in Wales Diocese of St David's.The succession of bishops stretches back to Saint David who in the 6th century established his seat in what is today the city of St David's in Pembrokeshire, founding St David's Cathedral. The current Bishop of St...
.
1232
- Walter III de CliffordWalter III de CliffordWalter III de Clifford was a Welsh Marcher Lord during the reign of King John of England.Walter II de Clifford was a Welsh Marcher Lord and High Sheriff in England, son of Walter I de Clifford ....
marries Margaret, a daughter of Llywelyn the GreatLlywelyn the GreatLlywelyn the Great , full name Llywelyn ab Iorwerth, was a Prince of Gwynedd in north Wales and eventually de facto ruler over most of Wales...
.
1233
- Walter III de CliffordWalter III de CliffordWalter III de Clifford was a Welsh Marcher Lord during the reign of King John of England.Walter II de Clifford was a Welsh Marcher Lord and High Sheriff in England, son of Walter I de Clifford ....
, with a force of 200 men, defends BronllysBronllysBronllys is a village in Powys, Wales between the nearby towns Brecon and Talgarth. It has recently benefitted from a new bypass as part of the Talgarth Relief Road and Bronllys Bypass scheme....
Castle against his father-in-law, Llywelyn the GreatLlywelyn the GreatLlywelyn the Great , full name Llywelyn ab Iorwerth, was a Prince of Gwynedd in north Wales and eventually de facto ruler over most of Wales...
.
1234
- January - Llywelyn the GreatLlywelyn the GreatLlywelyn the Great , full name Llywelyn ab Iorwerth, was a Prince of Gwynedd in north Wales and eventually de facto ruler over most of Wales...
, in alliance with Richard Marshal, 3rd Earl of PembrokeRichard Marshal, 3rd Earl of PembrokeRichard Marshal, 3rd Earl of Pembroke was the brother of William Marshal, 2nd Earl of Pembroke, whom he succeeded to the Earldom of Pembroke and Lord Marshal of England upon his brother's death on 6 April 1231....
, takes ShrewsburyShrewsburyShrewsbury is the county town of Shropshire, in the West Midlands region of England. Lying on the River Severn, it is a civil parish home to some 70,000 inhabitants, and is the primary settlement and headquarters of Shropshire Council...
. - June 21 - Peace of Middle ends hostilities between Llywelyn the GreatLlywelyn the GreatLlywelyn the Great , full name Llywelyn ab Iorwerth, was a Prince of Gwynedd in north Wales and eventually de facto ruler over most of Wales...
and the English Crown. - Gilbert Marshal, 4th Earl of PembrokeGilbert Marshal, 4th Earl of PembrokeGilbert Marshal, 4th Earl of Pembroke was the third son of William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke and Isabel de Clare, 4th Countess of Pembroke, the daughter of Richard de Clare....
, was begins enlarging and further strengthening Pembroke CastlePembroke CastlePembroke Castle is a medieval castle in Pembroke, West Wales. Standing beside the River Cleddau, it underwent major restoration work in the early 20th century. The castle was the original seat of the Earldom of Pembroke....
.
1238
- At Strata Florida AbbeyStrata Florida AbbeyStrata Florida Abbey Flowers. Ystrad corrupts into Strata, while Fflur is the name of the nearby river. After the region around St. David's was firmly occupied by the Norman Marcher lordship of Pembroke by the early 12th century, with St...
, Welsh princes swear fealty to Dafydd ap LlywelynDafydd ap LlywelynDafydd ap Llywelyn was Prince of Gwynedd from 1240 to 1246. He was for a time recognised as Prince of Wales.- Descent :...
as heir to Llywelyn the GreatLlywelyn the GreatLlywelyn the Great , full name Llywelyn ab Iorwerth, was a Prince of Gwynedd in north Wales and eventually de facto ruler over most of Wales...
.
1240
- April 11 - Dafydd ap Llywelyn succeeds his father, Llywelyn the Great, as Prince of Gwynedd and Wales.
- May 15 - the Treaty of Gloucester is signed by Dafydd ap Llywelyn and Henry III.
1241
- March 17 - Dafydd sends representatives to ShrewsburyShrewsburyShrewsbury is the county town of Shropshire, in the West Midlands region of England. Lying on the River Severn, it is a civil parish home to some 70,000 inhabitants, and is the primary settlement and headquarters of Shropshire Council...
to discuss the ownership of disputed lands as required by the Treaty of Gloucester, though he absents himself. The meeting, and several others, prove fruitless. - August - King Henry III of EnglandHenry III of EnglandHenry III was the son and successor of John as King of England, reigning for 56 years from 1216 until his death. His contemporaries knew him as Henry of Winchester. He was the first child king in England since the reign of Æthelred the Unready...
invades GwyneddGwyneddGwynedd is a county in north-west Wales, named after the old Kingdom of Gwynedd. Although the second biggest in terms of geographical area, it is also one of the most sparsely populated...
. - August 29 - the Treaty of GwerneigronTreaty of GwerneigronTreaty of Gwerneigron was a peace treaty signed by Henry III, king of England and Dafydd ap Llywelyn, prince of Wales of the House of Gwynedd, on 29 August 1241. The treaty brought to an end Henry's invasion of Wales begun earlier that month....
is signed by Dafydd ap Llywelyn and Henry III. In it, Dafydd agrees to cede most of modern-day FlintshireFlintshireFlintshire is a county in north-east Wales. It borders Denbighshire, Wrexham and the English county of Cheshire. It is named after the historic county of Flintshire, which had notably different borders...
to Henry. Shortly thereafter, Dafydd hands over his half-brother, Gruffydd ap Llywelyn FawrGruffydd ap Llywelyn FawrGruffydd ap Llywelyn was the first born son of Llywelyn the Great . His mother Tangwystl probably died in childbirth.-Hostage:...
, to Henry for imprisonment in the Tower of LondonTower of LondonHer Majesty's Royal Palace and Fortress, more commonly known as the Tower of London, is a historic castle on the north bank of the River Thames in central London, England. It lies within the London Borough of Tower Hamlets, separated from the eastern edge of the City of London by the open space...
.
1244
- March 1 - after several years of imprisonment, Gruffudd ap Llywelyn Fawr dies in an escape attempt. Dafydd ap Llywelyn wages war in the Marches against Henry III.
1245
- March - Dafydd ap LlywelynDafydd ap LlywelynDafydd ap Llywelyn was Prince of Gwynedd from 1240 to 1246. He was for a time recognised as Prince of Wales.- Descent :...
recovers much of FlintshireFlintshireFlintshire is a county in north-east Wales. It borders Denbighshire, Wrexham and the English county of Cheshire. It is named after the historic county of Flintshire, which had notably different borders...
, including Mold CastleMold CastleMold Castle, on Bailey Hill in the town of Mold, Flintshire, Northeast Wales, was an earthwork motte and bailey fortress probably founded by Robert de Montalt around the year 1140. In 1147 it was captured by Owain Gwynedd. It switched hands on several occasions before a long period under Welsh...
. - August - Henry III of EnglandHenry III of EnglandHenry III was the son and successor of John as King of England, reigning for 56 years from 1216 until his death. His contemporaries knew him as Henry of Winchester. He was the first child king in England since the reign of Æthelred the Unready...
invades Gwynedd. After being defeated in battle by Dafydd ap LlywelynDafydd ap LlywelynDafydd ap Llywelyn was Prince of Gwynedd from 1240 to 1246. He was for a time recognised as Prince of Wales.- Descent :...
, he proceeds to DeganwyDeganwyDeganwy is a village in Conwy County Borough in Wales with a population of 3,700. It is in a more English-speaking region of North Wales, with only 1 in 4 residents speaking Welsh as a first language...
and refortifies the castle there. - Autumn - Henry III withdraws to England.
- Following representations from Henry, the Vatican reverses its decision to recognise Dafydd as rightful ruler of Wales.
1246
- February 25 - Dafydd ap LlywelynDafydd ap LlywelynDafydd ap Llywelyn was Prince of Gwynedd from 1240 to 1246. He was for a time recognised as Prince of Wales.- Descent :...
dies at AbergwyngregynAbergwyngregynAbergwyngregyn is a village of historical note in Gwynedd, a county and principal area in Wales. Under its historic name of Aber Garth Celyn it was the seat of Llywelyn ap Gruffudd....
; he is succeeded by his nephews, Llywelyn the LastLlywelyn the LastLlywelyn ap Gruffydd or Llywelyn Ein Llyw Olaf , sometimes rendered as Llywelyn II, was the last prince of an independent Wales before its conquest by Edward I of England....
and Owain ap GruffuddOwain Goch ap GruffyddOwain ap Gruffudd, , , was brother to Llywelyn the Last and Dafydd ap Gruffudd and, for a brief period in the late 1240s and early 1250s, ruler of part of the Kingdom of Gwynedd .- Lineage :Owain was the eldest son of Gruffudd ap Llywelyn and the grandson of Llywelyn the Great...
.
1247
- February 20 - An earthquake damages St David's CathedralSt David's CathedralSt David's Cathedral is situated in St David's in the county of Pembrokeshire, on the most westerly point of Wales.-Early history:The monastic community was founded by Saint David, Abbot of Menevia, who died in AD589...
. - April - Llywelyn the LastLlywelyn the LastLlywelyn ap Gruffydd or Llywelyn Ein Llyw Olaf , sometimes rendered as Llywelyn II, was the last prince of an independent Wales before its conquest by Edward I of England....
and his brother Owain Goch ap GruffyddOwain Goch ap GruffyddOwain ap Gruffudd, , , was brother to Llywelyn the Last and Dafydd ap Gruffudd and, for a brief period in the late 1240s and early 1250s, ruler of part of the Kingdom of Gwynedd .- Lineage :Owain was the eldest son of Gruffudd ap Llywelyn and the grandson of Llywelyn the Great...
come to terms with King Henry III of EnglandHenry III of EnglandHenry III was the son and successor of John as King of England, reigning for 56 years from 1216 until his death. His contemporaries knew him as Henry of Winchester. He was the first child king in England since the reign of Æthelred the Unready...
at Woodstock. - December - Richard de Clare, 6th Earl of Gloucester, keeps a lavish Christmas court at his castle on the Welsh borders.
1252
- July - the earliest known document issued by Dafydd ap GruffyddDafydd ap GruffyddDafydd ap Gruffydd was Prince of Wales from 11 December 1282 until his execution on 3 October 1283 by King Edward I of England...
is drawn up; in it, he is referred to as 'lord of Cymydmaen'. From this point on Dafydd plays an increasingly important role in Welsh politics.
1255
- June - Llywelyn the LastLlywelyn the LastLlywelyn ap Gruffydd or Llywelyn Ein Llyw Olaf , sometimes rendered as Llywelyn II, was the last prince of an independent Wales before its conquest by Edward I of England....
defeats his brothers Dafydd ap GruffyddDafydd ap GruffyddDafydd ap Gruffydd was Prince of Wales from 11 December 1282 until his execution on 3 October 1283 by King Edward I of England...
and Owain Goch ap GruffyddOwain Goch ap GruffyddOwain ap Gruffudd, , , was brother to Llywelyn the Last and Dafydd ap Gruffudd and, for a brief period in the late 1240s and early 1250s, ruler of part of the Kingdom of Gwynedd .- Lineage :Owain was the eldest son of Gruffudd ap Llywelyn and the grandson of Llywelyn the Great...
at the Battle of Bryn DerwinBattle of Bryn DerwinThe Battle of Bryn Derwin was fought in Eifionydd in Gwynedd in June 1255, between Llywelyn ap Gruffudd and his brothers, Dafydd ap Gruffudd and Owain Goch ap Gruffydd....
.
1256
- November - Llywelyn the LastLlywelyn the LastLlywelyn ap Gruffydd or Llywelyn Ein Llyw Olaf , sometimes rendered as Llywelyn II, was the last prince of an independent Wales before its conquest by Edward I of England....
crosses the River ConwyRiver ConwyThe River Conwy is a river in north Wales. From its source to its discharge in Conwy Bay it is a little over long. "Conwy" is sometimes Anglicized as "Conway."...
to take control of Gwynedd Is Conwy. With him is his brother Dafydd ap GruffyddDafydd ap GruffyddDafydd ap Gruffydd was Prince of Wales from 11 December 1282 until his execution on 3 October 1283 by King Edward I of England...
, who has been released from captivity.
1257
- June - A Norman army, sent to reclaim the lands taken from Rhys Fychan by his brother, Maredudd ap Rhys Grug, is defeated by Llywelyn the LastLlywelyn the LastLlywelyn ap Gruffydd or Llywelyn Ein Llyw Olaf , sometimes rendered as Llywelyn II, was the last prince of an independent Wales before its conquest by Edward I of England....
at the Battle of CymerauBattle of CadfanThe Battle of Cadfan was fought in 1257 between English and Welsh forces. The Battle consisted of two military engagements; one at Coed Llathen and the other at Cymerau...
.
1258
- Llywelyn the LastLlywelyn the LastLlywelyn ap Gruffydd or Llywelyn Ein Llyw Olaf , sometimes rendered as Llywelyn II, was the last prince of an independent Wales before its conquest by Edward I of England....
begins using the title "Prince of WalesPrince of WalesPrince of Wales is a title traditionally granted to the heir apparent to the reigning monarch of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the 15 other independent Commonwealth realms...
"; a short-lived Cambro-Scottish treaty is concluded.
1260
- Approximate date of the building of the chapel at Manorbier CastleManorbier CastleManorbier Castle is a Norman castle located in the village of Manorbier, five miles south-west of Tenby, West Wales.-Construction:Manorbier is a rectangular enclosure castle, curtain walls, and round and square towers. Its tower gateway was protected by a great door and portcullis as well as roof...
.
1262
- July - Following his father's death, Richard de Clare, 6th Earl of Gloucester, becomes the ward of Humphrey de Bohun, 2nd Earl of HerefordHumphrey de Bohun, 2nd Earl of HerefordHumphrey de Bohun was 2nd Earl of Hereford and 1st Earl of Essex, as well as Constable of England. He was the son of Henry de Bohun, 1st Earl of Hereford and Maud of Essex.- Career :...
.
1263
- Dafydd ap GruffyddDafydd ap GruffyddDafydd ap Gruffydd was Prince of Wales from 11 December 1282 until his execution on 3 October 1283 by King Edward I of England...
enters an alliance with King Edward I of EnglandEdward I of EnglandEdward I , also known as Edward Longshanks and the Hammer of the Scots, was King of England from 1272 to 1307. The first son of Henry III, Edward was involved early in the political intrigues of his father's reign, which included an outright rebellion by the English barons...
.
1265
- June 22 - Treaty of PiptonTreaty of PiptonThe Treaty of Pipton was signed on 22 June 1265 during the Second Barons' War and concluded an alliance between Simon de Montfort and the Welsh prince Llywelyn the Last....
establishes an alliance between Llywelyn the LastLlywelyn the LastLlywelyn ap Gruffydd or Llywelyn Ein Llyw Olaf , sometimes rendered as Llywelyn II, was the last prince of an independent Wales before its conquest by Edward I of England....
and Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of LeicesterSimon de Montfort, 6th Earl of LeicesterSimon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester, 1st Earl of Chester , sometimes referred to as Simon V de Montfort to distinguish him from other Simon de Montforts, was an Anglo-Norman nobleman. He led the barons' rebellion against King Henry III of England during the Second Barons' War of 1263-4, and...
.
1267
- Under the terms of the Treaty of MontgomeryTreaty of MontgomeryBy means of the Treaty of Montgomery , Llywelyn ap Gruffydd was acknowledged as Prince of Wales by the English king Henry III, the only time in history that an English ruler would recognise the right of a ruler of Gwynedd over Wales...
, King Henry III of EnglandHenry III of EnglandHenry III was the son and successor of John as King of England, reigning for 56 years from 1216 until his death. His contemporaries knew him as Henry of Winchester. He was the first child king in England since the reign of Æthelred the Unready...
recognises Llywelyn the LastLlywelyn the LastLlywelyn ap Gruffydd or Llywelyn Ein Llyw Olaf , sometimes rendered as Llywelyn II, was the last prince of an independent Wales before its conquest by Edward I of England....
as Prince of WalesPrince of WalesPrince of Wales is a title traditionally granted to the heir apparent to the reigning monarch of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the 15 other independent Commonwealth realms...
.
1268
- Gilbert de Clare, 6th Earl of Hertford, refuses to obey the King's summons to parliament, alleging that, his WelshWalesWales is a country that is part of the United Kingdom and the island of Great Britain, bordered by England to its east and the Atlantic Ocean and Irish Sea to its west. It has a population of three million, and a total area of 20,779 km²...
estates needed his presence for their defence against Llewelyn the Last. - Work begins on Caerphilly CastleCaerphilly CastleCaerphilly Castle is a medieval castle that dominates the centre of the town of Caerphilly in south Wales. It is the largest castle in Wales and the second largest in Britain after Windsor Castle...
.
1272
- English bishops Godfrey GiffardGodfrey GiffardGodfrey Giffard was Chancellor of the Exchequer of England, Lord Chancellor of England and Bishop of Worcester.-Early life:Giffard was the son of Hugh Giffard of Boyton in Wiltshire, a royal justice, and of his wife Sibyl, daughter and co-heiress of Walter de Cormeilles...
and Roger de MeylandRoger de MeylandRoger de Meyland was a medieval Bishop of Coventry and Lichfield, England....
negotiate with Llywelyn the LastLlywelyn the LastLlywelyn ap Gruffydd or Llywelyn Ein Llyw Olaf , sometimes rendered as Llywelyn II, was the last prince of an independent Wales before its conquest by Edward I of England....
.
1274
- Dafydd ap GruffyddDafydd ap GruffyddDafydd ap Gruffydd was Prince of Wales from 11 December 1282 until his execution on 3 October 1283 by King Edward I of England...
allies himself with King Edward I of EnglandEdward I of EnglandEdward I , also known as Edward Longshanks and the Hammer of the Scots, was King of England from 1272 to 1307. The first son of Henry III, Edward was involved early in the political intrigues of his father's reign, which included an outright rebellion by the English barons...
, and conspires with Gruffydd ap GwenwynwynGruffydd ap GwenwynwynGruffydd ap Gwenwynwyn was a Welsh prince who was lord of the part of Powys known as Powys Wenwynwyn.Gruffydd was the son of Gwenwynwyn ab Owain and Margaret Corbet. He was still a child when his father, who had been driven out of his princedom by Llywelyn the Great, died in exile in 1216...
to assassinate Dafydd's brother Llywelyn.
1275
- Following her mother's death, Eleanor de MontfortEleanor de MontfortEleanor de Montfort, Princess of Wales and Lady of Snowdon was a daughter of Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester and Eleanor of England. She was also the first woman who can be shown to have used the title Princess of Wales....
begins her journey to Wales by sea for her marriage with Llywelyn the LastLlywelyn the LastLlywelyn ap Gruffydd or Llywelyn Ein Llyw Olaf , sometimes rendered as Llywelyn II, was the last prince of an independent Wales before its conquest by Edward I of England....
. She is captured by "pirates" and taken prisoner by King Edward I of EnglandEdward I of EnglandEdward I , also known as Edward Longshanks and the Hammer of the Scots, was King of England from 1272 to 1307. The first son of Henry III, Edward was involved early in the political intrigues of his father's reign, which included an outright rebellion by the English barons...
.
1276
- King Edward I of EnglandEdward I of EnglandEdward I , also known as Edward Longshanks and the Hammer of the Scots, was King of England from 1272 to 1307. The first son of Henry III, Edward was involved early in the political intrigues of his father's reign, which included an outright rebellion by the English barons...
declares Llewelyn the Last a rebel and marches on Wales.
1277
- June 24 - Humphrey de Bohun, 3rd Earl of HerefordHumphrey de Bohun, 3rd Earl of HerefordHumphrey de Bohun , 3rd Earl of Hereford and 2nd Earl of Essex, was an English nobleman known primarily for his opposition to King Edward I over the Confirmatio Cartarum. He was also an active participant in the Welsh Wars and maintained for several years a private feud with the earl of Gloucester...
, convenes an army of Marcher lords at Worcester. - Treaty of AberconwyTreaty of AberconwyThe Treaty of Aberconwy was signed in 1277 by King Edward I of England and Llewelyn the Last of modern-day Wales, who had fought each other on and off for years over control of the Welsh countryside...
is signed by Edward I of EnglandEdward I of EnglandEdward I , also known as Edward Longshanks and the Hammer of the Scots, was King of England from 1272 to 1307. The first son of Henry III, Edward was involved early in the political intrigues of his father's reign, which included an outright rebellion by the English barons...
and Llywelyn the LastLlywelyn the LastLlywelyn ap Gruffydd or Llywelyn Ein Llyw Olaf , sometimes rendered as Llywelyn II, was the last prince of an independent Wales before its conquest by Edward I of England....
. - Llywelyn the LastLlywelyn the LastLlywelyn ap Gruffydd or Llywelyn Ein Llyw Olaf , sometimes rendered as Llywelyn II, was the last prince of an independent Wales before its conquest by Edward I of England....
releases his elder brother, Owain Goch ap GruffyddOwain Goch ap GruffyddOwain ap Gruffudd, , , was brother to Llywelyn the Last and Dafydd ap Gruffudd and, for a brief period in the late 1240s and early 1250s, ruler of part of the Kingdom of Gwynedd .- Lineage :Owain was the eldest son of Gruffudd ap Llywelyn and the grandson of Llywelyn the Great...
, from captivity. - Construction of the new Aberystwyth CastleAberystwyth CastleAberystwyth Castle is an Edwardian fortress located in Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, Mid Wales that was built during the First Welsh War in the late 13th century. It was begun during Edward I's first Welsh campaign at the same time as work started at Flint, Rhuddlan and Builth...
begins.
1278
- October - Llywelyn the LastLlywelyn the LastLlywelyn ap Gruffydd or Llywelyn Ein Llyw Olaf , sometimes rendered as Llywelyn II, was the last prince of an independent Wales before its conquest by Edward I of England....
is formally married to Eleanor de MontfortEleanor de MontfortEleanor de Montfort, Princess of Wales and Lady of Snowdon was a daughter of Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester and Eleanor of England. She was also the first woman who can be shown to have used the title Princess of Wales....
at the door of Worcester CathedralWorcester CathedralWorcester Cathedral is an Anglican cathedral in Worcester, England; situated on a bank overlooking the River Severn. It is the seat of the Anglican Bishop of Worcester. Its official name is The Cathedral Church of Christ and the Blessed Mary the Virgin of Worcester...
. King Edward I of EnglandEdward I of EnglandEdward I , also known as Edward Longshanks and the Hammer of the Scots, was King of England from 1272 to 1307. The first son of Henry III, Edward was involved early in the political intrigues of his father's reign, which included an outright rebellion by the English barons...
attends the ceremony and pays for the celebrations.
1280
- October 6 - Thomas Bek is consecrated as Bishop of St David'sBishop of St David'sThe Bishop of St David's is the ordinary of the Church in Wales Diocese of St David's.The succession of bishops stretches back to Saint David who in the 6th century established his seat in what is today the city of St David's in Pembrokeshire, founding St David's Cathedral. The current Bishop of St...
.
1282
- Palm SundayPalm SundayPalm Sunday is a Christian moveable feast that falls on the Sunday before Easter. The feast commemorates Jesus' triumphal entry into Jerusalem, an event mentioned in all four Canonical Gospels. ....
- Dafydd ap Gruffudd attacks Hawarden Castle. - June - an English army is routed at the battle of Llandeilo.
- Autumn - Archbishop John PeckhamJohn PeckhamJohn Peckham was Archbishop of Canterbury in the years 1279–1292. He was a native of Sussex who was educated at Lewes Priory and became a Franciscan friar about 1250. He studied at Paris under Bonaventure, where he later taught theology. From his teaching, he came into conflict with Thomas...
unsuccessfully attempts to intercede between King Edward I of EnglandEdward I of EnglandEdward I , also known as Edward Longshanks and the Hammer of the Scots, was King of England from 1272 to 1307. The first son of Henry III, Edward was involved early in the political intrigues of his father's reign, which included an outright rebellion by the English barons...
and Llywelyn the LastLlywelyn the LastLlywelyn ap Gruffydd or Llywelyn Ein Llyw Olaf , sometimes rendered as Llywelyn II, was the last prince of an independent Wales before its conquest by Edward I of England....
. - November 6 - an English army attempting to cross the Menai Strait from AngleseyAngleseyAnglesey , also known by its Welsh name Ynys Môn , is an island and, as Isle of Anglesey, a county off the north west coast of Wales...
is routed by Welsh forces in the battle of Moel-y-Don. In spite of the setback, English forces continue to make inroads into Gwynedd. - December 11 - Death of Llywelyn ap GruffyddLlywelyn the LastLlywelyn ap Gruffydd or Llywelyn Ein Llyw Olaf , sometimes rendered as Llywelyn II, was the last prince of an independent Wales before its conquest by Edward I of England....
at the Battle of Orewin BridgeBattle of Orewin BridgeThe Battle of Orewin Bridge was fought between English and Welsh armies on December 11, 1282 near Builth Wells in mid-Wales...
in Cilmeri while making his way south to gather support. Dafydd ap Gruffudd succeeds him as prince.
1283
- January 18 - surrender of Dolwyddelan CastleDolwyddelan CastleDolwyddelan Castle was a native Welsh castle located near Dolwyddelan in Conwy County in North Wales. It was built in the 13th century by Llywelyn the Great, Prince of Gwynedd and North Wales.-Construction:...
. - April 25 - Cynfrig ap MadogCynfrig ap MadogCynfrig ap Madog was constable of Castell-y-Bere in the kingdom of Gwynedd, Wales, during the Anglo-Welsh war of 1282-3 that culminated in the loss of Welsh independence. The castle was besieged by an English force under the command of William de Valance on 15 April; on 21 April his men were...
surrenders Castell y BereCastell y BereCastell y Bere is a native Welsh castle near Llanfihangel-y-pennant in Gwynedd, Wales. Constructed by Llywelyn the Great in the 1220s, the stone castle was intended to maintain his authority over the local people and to defend the south-west part of the princedom of Gwynedd...
to the English. - June 22 - Dafydd ap Gruffudd is captured by King Edward I of EnglandEdward I of EnglandEdward I , also known as Edward Longshanks and the Hammer of the Scots, was King of England from 1272 to 1307. The first son of Henry III, Edward was involved early in the political intrigues of his father's reign, which included an outright rebellion by the English barons...
. - October 3 (2?) - Dafydd ap Gruffudd is executed at ShrewsburyShrewsburyShrewsbury is the county town of Shropshire, in the West Midlands region of England. Lying on the River Severn, it is a civil parish home to some 70,000 inhabitants, and is the primary settlement and headquarters of Shropshire Council...
.
1284
- August - King Edward I of EnglandEdward I of EnglandEdward I , also known as Edward Longshanks and the Hammer of the Scots, was King of England from 1272 to 1307. The first son of Henry III, Edward was involved early in the political intrigues of his father's reign, which included an outright rebellion by the English barons...
holds court at AbergwyngregynAbergwyngregynAbergwyngregyn is a village of historical note in Gwynedd, a county and principal area in Wales. Under its historic name of Aber Garth Celyn it was the seat of Llywelyn ap Gruffudd....
.
1285
- May - The Cross of NeithCross of NeithThe Cross of Neith was a sacred relic believed to be a fragment of the True Cross which had been kept at Aberconwy by the kings and princes of Gwynedd, members of the Aberffraw dynasty who established the Principality of Wales. They believed it afforded them and their people divine protection...
, an important religious relic acquired from Wales, is carried through London at the head of a royal procession.
1287
- June 8 - Rhys ap Maredudd revolts in south-west Wales.
1288
- January 20 - Rhys ap Maredudd's revolt is finally suppressed as his final stronghold, the castle at Newcastle EmlynNewcastle EmlynNewcastle Emlyn is a town straddling the counties of Ceredigion and Carmarthenshire in west Wales and lying on the River Teifi.Adpar is the part of the town that lies on the Ceredigion side of the River Teifi...
, surrenders. Rhys goes to ground.
1294
- September 30 - Madog ap LlywelynMadog ap LlywelynMadog ap Llywelyn, or Prince Madoc, was from a junior branch of the House of Aberffraw and a distant relation of Llywelyn ap Gruffudd, the last recognised native Prince of Wales.-Lineage:...
begins a revolt against King Edward I of EnglandEdward I of EnglandEdward I , also known as Edward Longshanks and the Hammer of the Scots, was King of England from 1272 to 1307. The first son of Henry III, Edward was involved early in the political intrigues of his father's reign, which included an outright rebellion by the English barons...
, claiming the title "Prince of Wales". - December 19 - Madog issues the so-called Penmachno DocumentPenmachno DocumentThe Penmachno Document was drawn up at Penmachno in Gwynedd on 19 December 1294 by Madog ap Llywelyn at the height of his revolt against English rule in Wales...
, the only surviving document drawn up by him in which he refers to himself as prince. - November 11 - Madog ap LlywelynMadog ap LlywelynMadog ap Llywelyn, or Prince Madoc, was from a junior branch of the House of Aberffraw and a distant relation of Llywelyn ap Gruffudd, the last recognised native Prince of Wales.-Lineage:...
defeats the forces of the earl of LincolnEarl of LincolnEarl of Lincoln is a title that has been created eight times in the Peerage of England.-Earls of Lincoln, First Creation :*William d'Aubigny, 1st Earl of Lincoln and 1st Earl of Arundel Earl of Lincoln is a title that has been created eight times in the Peerage of England.-Earls of Lincoln, First...
in a pitched battle near DenbighDenbighDenbigh is a market town and community in Denbighshire, Wales. Before 1888, it was the county town of Denbighshire. Denbigh lies 8 miles to the north west of Ruthin and to the south of St Asaph. It is about 13 miles from the seaside resort of Rhyl. The town grew around the glove-making industry...
.
1295
- March 5 - Madog is defeated at the Battle of Maes MoydogBattle of Maes MoydogThe Battle of Maes Moydog was a battle that took place at the field of Moydog on 5 March 1295 during the revolt of Madog ap Llywelyn and others against English rule, near the modern-day village of Llanfair Caereinion in Powys, Wales.- The battle :...
. - July - Madog surrenders.
Births
1203- date unknown - Eva Marshal (died 1246)
1222
- August 4 - Richard de Clare, 5th Earl of Hertford (d. 1262)
1224
- date unknown - Maud de Braose, Baroness WigmoreMaud de Braose, Baroness WigmoreMaud de Braose, Baroness Wigmore was a noble heiress, and one of the most important, being a member of the powerful de Braose family which held many lordships and domains in the Welsh Marches...
(d. 1301)
1231
- date unknown - Roger Mortimer, 1st Baron Mortimer (died 1282)
1282
- June - GwenllianGwenllian of WalesGwenllian ferch Llywelyn was the only child of Llywelyn ap Gruffudd, the last native Tywysog Cymru . She is sometimes confused with Gwenllian ferch Gruffudd, who lived two centuries earlier.- Lineage :...
, only child of Llywelyn the LastLlywelyn the LastLlywelyn ap Gruffydd or Llywelyn Ein Llyw Olaf , sometimes rendered as Llywelyn II, was the last prince of an independent Wales before its conquest by Edward I of England....
and Eleanor de MontfortEleanor de MontfortEleanor de Montfort, Princess of Wales and Lady of Snowdon was a daughter of Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester and Eleanor of England. She was also the first woman who can be shown to have used the title Princess of Wales....
(d. 1337)
Deaths
1200- Gruffudd ap Cynan ab Owain GwyneddGruffudd ap Cynan ab Owain GwyneddGruffudd ap Cynan ab Owain Gwynedd was the grandson of Owain Gwynedd a famous king of Gwynedd and ruler of most of Wales in the 12th century. The longer patronymic form of his name is usually used to distinguish him from the earlier and better-known Gruffudd ap Cynan, king of Gwynedd.He was born...
, Welsh prince
1201
- July 25 - Gruffydd ap Rhys IIGruffydd ap Rhys IIGruffydd ap Rhys II was a prince of Deheubarth in south-west Wales.- Lineage :He was the son of Rhys ap Gruffydd and grandson of Gruffydd ap Rhys....
, Prince of Deheubarth
1203
- May - Dafydd ab Owain GwyneddDafydd ab Owain GwyneddDafydd ab Owain Gwynedd was Prince of Gwynedd from 1170 to 1195. For a time he ruled jointly with his brothers Maelgwn ab Owain Gwynedd and Rhodri ab Owain Gwynedd....
, deposed Prince of Gwynedd
1209
- probable - Walter MapWalter MapWalter Map was a medieval writer of works written in Latin. Only one work is attributed to Map with any certainty: De Nugis Curialium.-Life:...
, writer
1211
- August 9 - William de Braose, 4th Lord of BramberWilliam de Braose, 4th Lord of BramberWilliam de Braose, , 4th Lord of Bramber , court favourite of King John of England, at the peak of his power, was also Lord of Gower, Abergavenny, Brecknock, Builth, Radnor, Kington, Limerick, Glamorgan, Skenfrith, Briouze in Normandy, Grosmont, and White Castle.-Lineage:William was the most...
- date unknown - Roger de Lacy, Constable of Chester
1212
- date unknown
- Maredudd ap Cynan ab Owain GwyneddMaredudd ap Cynan ab Owain GwyneddMaredudd ap Cynan was the grandson of Owain Gwynedd, a king of Gwynedd and ruler of most of Wales in the 12th century.Maredudd is known to have fought alongside his brother Gruffudd against his uncle Hywel in 1170 and later fought on the side of his cousin Llywelyn ab Iorwerth between 1194–1197 in...
, Welsh prince - Robert of ShrewsburyRobert of ShrewsburyRobert of Shrewsbury was Bishop of Bangor from 1197 to his death.Robert appears to have been Dean of Shrewsbury and prebendary of Wolverhampton. He was appointed Bishop of Bangor by Hubert, Archbishop of Canterbury, apparently without being elected, and was consecrated by the Archbishop on 16...
, Bishop of Bangor
- Maredudd ap Cynan ab Owain Gwynedd
1214
- August 19 - Roger Mortimer of WigmoreRoger Mortimer of WigmoreRoger de Mortimer was a medieval marcher lord, residing at Wigmore Castle in the English county of Herefordshire.He was the son of Hugh de Mortimer and Matilda Le Meschin. He was born before 1153.-Early life:...
, Marcher lord
1215
- November 17 - Giles de BraoseGiles de BraoseGiles de Braose was Bishop of Hereford from 1200 to 1215.-Early life:Giles was the second son of William de Braose, 4th Lord of Bramber. His father was a landholder on the Welsh Marches, who gained the favour of King John of England in the early years of John's reign. Giles' mother was Maud of St...
, Lord of Abergavenny and Bishop of Hereford
1216
- probable - Gwenwynwyn ab OwainGwenwynwyn ab OwainGwenwynwyn ab Owain Cyfeiliog was the last major ruler of mid Wales before the completion of the Norman English invasion.- Lineage :...
, prince of Powys
1217
- October 14 - Isabel, Countess of Gloucester, 43?
- date unknown - Richard de Clare, 3rd Earl of Hertford, Marcher lord
1218
- November 12 - Henry de AbergavennyHenry de AbergavennyHenry de Abergavenny was Prior of Abergavenny and Bishop of Llandaff, both in South Wales.Henry was a Benedictine monk who became Prior of Abergavenny, before succeeding to the diocese of Llandaff which had been vacant for two years. He was consecrated on 12 December 1193...
, Bishop of Llandaff
1219
- May 14 - William Marshal, 1st Earl of PembrokeWilliam Marshal, 1st Earl of PembrokeSir William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke , also called William the Marshal , was an Anglo-Norman soldier and statesman. He was described as the "greatest knight that ever lived" by Stephen Langton...
1220
- date unknown
- Henry de Bohun, 1st Earl of HerefordHenry de Bohun, 1st Earl of HerefordHenry de Bohun, 1st Earl of Hereford was an Anglo-Norman nobleman.He was Earl of Hereford and Hereditary Constable of England from 1199 to 1220.- Lineage :...
- Isabel de Clare, 4th Countess of Pembroke
- Henry de Bohun, 1st Earl of Hereford
1221
- January 17 - Walter II de CliffordWalter II de CliffordWalter II de Clifford was a Welsh Marcher Lord and High Sheriff in England.He was born in Clifford Castle, near Hay-on-Wye, Herefordshire the son of Walter I de Clifford ....
, Marcher lord
1223
- probable - Gerald of Wales, chronicler
1228
- June - Reginald de BraoseReginald de BraoseReginald de Braose was one of the sons of William de Braose, 4th Lord of Bramber and Matilda, also known as Maud de St. Valery and Lady de la Haie. Her other children included William and Giles....
1229
- October 10 - Henry de Beaumont, 5th Earl of WarwickHenry de Beaumont, 5th Earl of WarwickHenry de Beaumont, 5th Earl of Warwick , Earl of Warwick, Baron of Hocknorton and Hedenton, was the son of Waleran de Beaumont, 4th Earl of Warwick and Margaret, daughter of Henry de Bohun, 1st Earl of Hereford and Maud of Essex...
, Welsh landowner
1230
- May 2 - William de Braose (executed)
- date unknown - Maelgwn ap RhysMaelgwn ap RhysMaelgwn ap Rhys was prince of part of the kingdom of Deheubarth in south west Wales.Maelgwn was the son of Rhys ap Gruffydd by his wife Gwenllian ferch Madog, daughter of Madog ap Maredudd prince of Powys. He appears in the historical record for the first time helping at the siege of Tenby in 1187...
, Prince of Deheubarth
1231
- April 6 - William Marshal, 2nd Earl of PembrokeWilliam Marshal, 2nd Earl of PembrokeWilliam Marshal, 2nd Earl of Pembroke was a medieval English nobleman, and the son of the famous William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke.-Early life:William was born in Normandy probably during the spring of 1190...
1232
- July 18 - John de BraoseJohn de BraoseJohn de Braose , known as Tadody to the Welsh, was the Lord of Bramber and Gower.-Re-establishment of the de Braose dynasty :John re-established the senior branch of the de Braose dynasty....
, Lord of Bramber and Gower - October 26 - Ranulf de Blondeville, 6th Earl of Chester, Marcher lord
1234
- April 16 - Richard Marshal, 3rd Earl of PembrokeRichard Marshal, 3rd Earl of PembrokeRichard Marshal, 3rd Earl of Pembroke was the brother of William Marshal, 2nd Earl of Pembroke, whom he succeeded to the Earldom of Pembroke and Lord Marshal of England upon his brother's death on 6 April 1231....
- date unknown - Rhys GrygRhys GrygRhys Gryg , real name Rhys ap Rhys, also known as Rhys Fychan was a Welsh Prince who ruled part of the Kingdom of Deheubarth.- Lineage :...
, Prince of Deheubarth
1236
- date unknown - Madog ap Gruffydd MaelorMadog ap Gruffydd MaelorMadog ap Gruffudd or Madog ap Gruffudd Maelor, was Prince of Powys Fadog 1191-1236 in north-east Wales.- Lineage :He was elder son of Gruffydd Maelor and his wife, Angharad a daughter of Owain Gwynedd.- Sole Ruler :...
, founder of Valle Crucis AbbeyValle Crucis AbbeyValle Crucis Abbey is a Cistercian abbey located in Llantysilio in Denbighshire, Wales. More formally the Abbey Church of the Blessed Virgin Mary, Valle Crucis it is known in Welsh both as Abaty Glyn Egwestl and Abaty Glyn y Groes.The abbey was built in 1201 by Madog ap Gruffydd Maelor, Prince of...
1237
- February 2 - JoanJoan, Lady of WalesJoan, Princess of Wales and Lady of Snowdon was the wife of Llywelyn the Great, Prince of Wales and Gwynedd and effective ruler of most of Wales.-Early life:...
, wife of Llywelyn the GreatLlywelyn the GreatLlywelyn the Great , full name Llywelyn ab Iorwerth, was a Prince of Gwynedd in north Wales and eventually de facto ruler over most of Wales... - June 6 - John of Scotland, Earl of Huntingdon, son-in-law of Llywelyn the Great
1240
- April 11 - Llywelyn the GreatLlywelyn the GreatLlywelyn the Great , full name Llywelyn ab Iorwerth, was a Prince of Gwynedd in north Wales and eventually de facto ruler over most of Wales...
, Prince of Wales
1241
- April 11 - Cadwgan of LlandyfaiCadwgan of LlandyfaiCadwgan also known as Cadwgan of Llandyfái was a Welsh cleric who was Bishop of Bangor from 1215 to 1236.According to Giraldus Cambrensis, Cadwgan was the son of an Irish priest and a Welsh mother. The annals state that he was the son of a priest famous for the eloquence of his Welsh preaching. He...
, Bishop of Bangor - date unknown - John Fitzalan, Lord of OswestryJohn Fitzalan, Lord of OswestryJohn FitzAlan, Lord of Clun and Oswestry in the Welsh Marches in the county of Shropshire.-Family:John succeeded his brother, William FitzAlan, Lord of Clun and Oswestry, who died in 1216 without issue. They were sons of William FitzAlan of Oswestry and Isabel, daughter and heiress of Ingram de...
1244
- March 1 - Gruffydd ap Llywelyn FawrGruffydd ap Llywelyn FawrGruffydd ap Llywelyn was the first born son of Llywelyn the Great . His mother Tangwystl probably died in childbirth.-Hostage:...
, illegitimate son of Llywelyn the Great (fell to his death in an attempt to escape from the Tower of London)
1245
- December 23 - Anselm Marshal, 6th Earl of PembrokeAnselm Marshal, 6th Earl of PembrokeAnselm Marshal was the sixth Earl of Pembroke and Earl Marshal of England, the youngest and last of the five sons of William Marshal to hold that post...
1246
- February 25 - Dafydd ap LlywelynDafydd ap LlywelynDafydd ap Llywelyn was Prince of Gwynedd from 1240 to 1246. He was for a time recognised as Prince of Wales.- Descent :...
, Prince of Wales - August 6 - Ralph de MortimerRalph de MortimerRanulph or Ralph de Mortimer was the second son of Roger de Mortimer and Isabel de Ferrers of Wigmore Castle in Herefordshire...
, Marcher lord - date unknown - Ednyfed FychanEdnyfed FychanEdnyfed Fychan , full name Ednyfed Fychan ap Cynwrig, was a Welsh warrior who became seneschal to the Kingdom of Gwynedd in Northern Wales, serving Llywelyn the Great and his son Dafydd ap Llywelyn...
, seneschal of Llywelyn the Great
1247
- date unknown
- Hywel ab Ednyfed, Bishop of St Asaph
- Odo of CheritonOdo of CheritonOdo of Cheriton was a Roman Catholic preacher and fabulist.He visited Paris, and it was probably there that he gained the degree of Master...
, Latin author
1251
- date unknown
- Eleanor de BraoseEleanor de BraoseEleanor de Braose was a Cambro-Norman noblewoman and a wealthy co-heiress of her father, who was the powerful Marcher lord William de Braose, and of her mother, Eva Marshal, a co-heiress of the Earls of Pembroke...
, Countess of Hereford - Gwladus DduGwladus DduGwladus Ddu, , full name Gwladus ferch Llywelyn was a Welsh noblewoman who was a daughter of Llywelyn the Great of Gwynedd and married two Marcher lords....
, daughter of Llywelyn the Great
- Eleanor de Braose
1253
- date unknown - Elen ferch LlywelynElen ferch LlywelynElen ferch Llywelyn was the daughter of Llywelyn the Great of Gwynedd in north Wales by Lady Joan, daughter of King John of England....
, daughter of Llywelyn the GreatLlywelyn the GreatLlywelyn the Great , full name Llywelyn ab Iorwerth, was a Prince of Gwynedd in north Wales and eventually de facto ruler over most of Wales...
by Joan
1254
- March 28 - William de Ferrers, 5th Earl of DerbyWilliam de Ferrers, 5th Earl of DerbyWilliam III de Ferrers, 5th Earl of Derby was an English nobleman and head of a family which controlled a large part of Derbyshire including an area known as Duffield Frith....
1255
- July 11 - Thomas Wallensis, Bishop of St David's
1256
- Gruffudd ab Ednyfed, son of Ednyfed Fychan
1267
- October/November - Richard, bishop of Bangor
1268
- October 17 - Goronwy ab EdnyfedGoronwy ab EdnyfedGoronwy ab Ednyfed was senechal to Llywelyn ap Gruffudd, Kingdom of Gwynedd between 1246 and 1256. and was the founder of the Tudor family of Penmynydd:...
, seneschal of Gwynedd
1269
- date unknown - Gruffydd II ap Madog, Lord of Dinas BranGruffydd II ap Madog, Lord of Dinas Bran- Lineage :He was the eldest son of Madog ap Gruffydd Maelor and inherited his father's lands and title in partible succession along with his four brothers Gruffydd Ial, Maredudd, Hywel and Madog Fychan....
1280
- April 1 - Richard de Carew, Bishop of St David's
1282
- June 19 - Eleanor de MontfortEleanor de MontfortEleanor de Montfort, Princess of Wales and Lady of Snowdon was a daughter of Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester and Eleanor of England. She was also the first woman who can be shown to have used the title Princess of Wales....
, Princess of Wales (in childbirth) - October 30 - Roger Mortimer, 1st Baron Mortimer
- December 11 - Llywelyn the LastLlywelyn the LastLlywelyn ap Gruffydd or Llywelyn Ein Llyw Olaf , sometimes rendered as Llywelyn II, was the last prince of an independent Wales before its conquest by Edward I of England....
, Prince of Wales (killed in battle) - probable - Gruffudd Bola, Latin author
1283
- October 3 - Dafydd ap GruffyddDafydd ap GruffyddDafydd ap Gruffydd was Prince of Wales from 11 December 1282 until his execution on 3 October 1283 by King Edward I of England...
, Prince of Gwynedd (executed) - date unknown - Goronwy ap Heilin, seneschal of Wales
1286
- Gruffydd ap GwenwynwynGruffydd ap GwenwynwynGruffydd ap Gwenwynwyn was a Welsh prince who was lord of the part of Powys known as Powys Wenwynwyn.Gruffydd was the son of Gwenwynwyn ab Owain and Margaret Corbet. He was still a child when his father, who had been driven out of his princedom by Llywelyn the Great, died in exile in 1216...
, prince of Powys
1289
- Gruffudd Fychan I, prince of Powys Fadog
1292
- Rhys ap MareduddRhys ap MareduddRhys ap Maredudd was a senior member of the Welsh royal house of Deheubarth, a principality of Medieval Wales. He was the great grandson of The Lord Rhys , prince of south Wales, and the last ruler of a united Deheubarth...
, lord of Dryslwyn and rebel leader (executed)
1293
- May 12 - Thomas Bek, Bishop of St David's
1294
- January 17 - Sir Roger de Puleston, Sheriff of Anglesey (lynched by a mob in Caernarfon)
1295
- December 7 - Gilbert de Clare, 6th Earl of Hertford
- date unknown - Cynan ap MareduddCynan ap MareduddCynan ap Maredudd was a Welsh nobleman who assumed leadership of the Welsh revolt of Madog ap Llywelyn in the mid-Wales area in 1294 and 1295....
, rebel leader
1296
- May - William de Valence, 1st Earl of PembrokeWilliam de Valence, 1st Earl of PembrokeWilliam de Valence, 1st Earl of Wexford and 1st Earl of Pembroke , born Guillaume de Lusignan or de Valence, was a French nobleman and Knight, who became important in English politics due to his relationship to Henry III...
1297
- November 21 - Roger de Mowbray, 1st Baron MowbrayRoger de Mowbray, 1st Baron MowbrayRoger de Mowbray, 1st Baron Mowbray , was an English peer and soldier.The son of another Roger de Mowbray, served in the Welsh and Gascon Wars. He was summoned to the Parliament of Simon de Montfort in 1265, but such summons have later been declared void...
, Norman lord and a leader in the Welsh wars
1298
- December 31 - Humphrey de Bohun, 3rd Earl of HerefordHumphrey de Bohun, 3rd Earl of HerefordHumphrey de Bohun , 3rd Earl of Hereford and 2nd Earl of Essex, was an English nobleman known primarily for his opposition to King Edward I over the Confirmatio Cartarum. He was also an active participant in the Welsh Wars and maintained for several years a private feud with the earl of Gloucester...
- date unknown - William de Beauchamp, 9th Earl of WarwickWilliam de Beauchamp, 9th Earl of WarwickWilliam de Beauchamp, 9th Earl of Warwick was an English nobleman and soldier, described as a “vigorous and innovative military commander”...
, Norman lord and a leader in the Welsh wars
1299
- date unknown - John GiffardJohn GiffardJohn Giffard , baron Giffard of Brimsfield, was an English nobleman prominent in the Second Barons' War and in Wales. His initial gift of land in Oxford led to the foundation of Gloucester College, Oxford.-Involvement in military actions:...
, sheriff of Gloucester