Zamoskvoretskaya Line
Encyclopedia
Zamoskvoretskaya Line formerly Gorkovsko-Zamoskvoretskaya (Line 2), is a line of the Moscow Metro
. Opened in 1938, chronologically it became the third line. There are twenty stations on the Zamoskvoretskaya line, and it spans 36.9 kilometres (22.9 mi), roughly crossing Moscow
in a north-south direction. A normal trip along the entire line takes 52 minutes, with the trains on the line averaging 42 kilometres per hour (26.1 mph). While most of the line is underground, there are some pockets of surface-level or above-ground track, mainly at the point where the line crosses the Moskva River
. The Zamoskvoretskaya line contains many examples of original Moscow Metro architecture, and contains what may be the most photographed station on the entire network: Mayakovskaya.
or as it moves into the centre the Tverskaya Street
(formally Gorkovskaya hence the original name), and connected the northwestern districts of Aeroport and Begovoy along with the Belorussky Rail Terminal
with the city centre in 1938.
The second stage, construction of which was uninterrupted during the war, opened in 1943 and followed the Red Square
south under the Moskva River
into the dense district of Zamoskvorechye
(hence the name) and then onto the Paveletsky Rail Terminal and more significantly the Stalin Factory (ZiS)
in the Southeast of Moscow.
Several more extensions were to take place including the northern one following the Leningrad Highway and the Moscow Canal
into the Northern River Port in 1964. A southern one in 1969 passed the Nagatino industrial district and the Kolomenskoye
park, the rest of the extension went into the future Kakhovskaya Line
. In 1984 a third extension commenced in two stages to the southeast past the Tsaritsyno
park and into the Orekhovo-Borisovo housing massifs. A flooded tunnel, however forced the new branch to close a day after and for the next two and a half months. In late 1985 the second stage was completed, and in all the line reached its present length of 36.9 kilometres with 20 stations and a daily passenger traffic of 1.8 million people.
The line's complex and inspiring history is mirrored in its architectural ensemble, particularly as it is one of the few places that it is possible to see the best of Soviet pre-war Art Deco
architecture. In the spotlight before all other stations is Mayakovskaya, a station that is not only most-photographed in the network but is also common sight on covers of brochures and tour guides into Moscow's underground realm.
When the line first opened in 1938, to distinguish the simultaneous formation of the three lines instead of one, colour coding was introduced. The first one, the Sokolnicheskaya being Red, for mostly political reasons. However chronologically the Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya Line would have been second and was coloured blue, whilst the third one Zamoskvoretskaya was given green. However as part of the Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya Line was already in operation from the first stage, the significance of the Zamoskvoretskaya Line was far greater. As a result the line was listed second. This tradition has since been passed on in all ex-Soviet cities with the first line being Red and the second/third being either blue or green. However some metros, notably Minsk Metro
chose to deliberately reverse the trend.
The Kashirskaya transfer is a cross-platform one.
# Note: this transfer will be open in the end of 2011 year.
was recently subjected to an extensive facelift reconstruction on replacement of its old ceramic walls with new marble ones. The world famous Mayakovskaya station following the opening of the second exit in 2005 had its original vestibule closed for replacement of escalators. It is expected that additional reconstruction will be done on 1960s "centepede" stations including the replacement of old ceramic tiles with aluminium planes.
In addition to that there are several extension plans. One of which is Brateyevo
to the south, would feature a station and a new depot. Although the construction began in late 1990s, works are presently frozen for financial reasons. A northern extension is presently awaiting approval for two stations Belomorskaya and Ulitsa Dybenko with a potential of continuing into the adjacent Moscow Oblast
's town of Khimki
.
When the line was built several areas were left with a straight tunnel provision for potential future built in of new stations. One of which was Gorkovskaya (now Tverskaya
) between Mayakovskaya and Teatralnaya, which was opened in 1979. However several more remain: Sovetskaya between Tverskaya and Teatralnaya, Bega between Dinamo and Belorusskaya, Veshnyadsky Pereulok between Novokuznetskaya and Paveletskaya and Moskvorechye (also referred to as Vasilyevsky Spusk) between Teatralnaya and Novokuznetskaya. The latter provision stands the highest chance of being developed as the vacant space caused by demolition of the Rossiya Hotel
is likely to be filled with new office buildings and hotels.
In addition to the provisions, another station was recently approved to be built on the surface level track between Avtozavodskaya and Kolomenskaya. The provisional names were Nagatinsky Zaton or Prospekt Andropova, although the name Tekhnopark has been selected.
Moscow Metro
The Moscow Metro is a rapid transit system serving Moscow and the neighbouring town of Krasnogorsk. Opened in 1935 with one line and 13 stations, it was the first underground railway system in the Soviet Union. As of 2011, the Moscow Metro has 182 stations and its route length is . The system is...
. Opened in 1938, chronologically it became the third line. There are twenty stations on the Zamoskvoretskaya line, and it spans 36.9 kilometres (22.9 mi), roughly crossing Moscow
Moscow
Moscow is the capital, the most populous city, and the most populous federal subject of Russia. The city is a major political, economic, cultural, scientific, religious, financial, educational, and transportation centre of Russia and the continent...
in a north-south direction. A normal trip along the entire line takes 52 minutes, with the trains on the line averaging 42 kilometres per hour (26.1 mph). While most of the line is underground, there are some pockets of surface-level or above-ground track, mainly at the point where the line crosses the Moskva River
Moskva River
The Moskva River is a river that flows through the Moscow and Smolensk Oblasts in Russia, and is a tributary of the Oka River.-Etymology:...
. The Zamoskvoretskaya line contains many examples of original Moscow Metro architecture, and contains what may be the most photographed station on the entire network: Mayakovskaya.
History
The first stage of the line followed Moscow's most busiest transport artery the Leningradsky ProspektLeningradsky Prospekt
Leningradsky Prospekt , or Leningrad Avenue, is a major arterial avenue in Moscow, Russia. It continues the path of Tverskaya Street and 1st Tverskaya-Yamskaya Street north-west from Belorussky Rail Terminal, and changes the name once again to Leningrad Highway past the Sokol metro station...
or as it moves into the centre the Tverskaya Street
Tverskaya Street
Tverskaya Street , known as Gorky Street between 1935 and 1990, is the main and probably best-known radial street of Moscow, Russia. The street runs from the central Manege Square north-west in the direction of Saint Petersburg and terminated at the Garden Ring, giving its name to Tverskoy District...
(formally Gorkovskaya hence the original name), and connected the northwestern districts of Aeroport and Begovoy along with the Belorussky Rail Terminal
Belorussky Rail Terminal
Belorussky Rail Terminal is one of nine rail terminals in Moscow. It was opened in 1870 and rebuilt in its current form in 1910-12.-Long distance:-Other destinations:-Suburban destinations:...
with the city centre in 1938.
The second stage, construction of which was uninterrupted during the war, opened in 1943 and followed the Red Square
Red Square
Red Square is a city square in Moscow, Russia. The square separates the Kremlin, the former royal citadel and currently the official residence of the President of Russia, from a historic merchant quarter known as Kitai-gorod...
south under the Moskva River
Moskva River
The Moskva River is a river that flows through the Moscow and Smolensk Oblasts in Russia, and is a tributary of the Oka River.-Etymology:...
into the dense district of Zamoskvorechye
Zamoskvorechye
Zamoskvorechye District is a district of Central Administrative Okrug in Moscow, Russia. Population: The district contains the eastern half of historical Zamoskvorechye area , and the territories of Zatsepa Street and Paveletsky Rail Terminal south of the Garden Ring...
(hence the name) and then onto the Paveletsky Rail Terminal and more significantly the Stalin Factory (ZiS)
Zavod Imeni Likhacheva
Zavod imeni Likhachova, more commonly called ZIL is a major Russian truck and heavy equipment manufacturer, which also produced armored cars for most Soviet leaders, as well as buses, armored fighting vehicles, and aerosani...
in the Southeast of Moscow.
Several more extensions were to take place including the northern one following the Leningrad Highway and the Moscow Canal
Moscow Canal
The Moscow Canal , named the Moscow-Volga Canal until the year 1947, is a canal that connects the Moskva River with the main transportation artery of European Russia, the Volga River. It is located in Moscow itself and in the Moscow Oblast...
into the Northern River Port in 1964. A southern one in 1969 passed the Nagatino industrial district and the Kolomenskoye
Kolomenskoye
Kolomenskoye is a former royal estate situated several kilometers to the south-east of the city-centre of Moscow, Russia, on the ancient road leading to the town of Kolomna...
park, the rest of the extension went into the future Kakhovskaya Line
Kakhovskaya Line
Kakhovskaya Line is a line of the Moscow Metro. Although the line was formed in 1995, all of the stations date to 1969 when they opened as part of the Zamoskvoretskaya Line. The Kakhovskaya Line is the only conventional line that lacks a full transfer to the ring...
. In 1984 a third extension commenced in two stages to the southeast past the Tsaritsyno
Tsaritsyno
Tsaritsyno is a Moscow Metro station in Tsaritsyno District, Southern Administrative Okrug, Moscow. It is on the Zamoskvoretskaya Line, between Kantemirovskaya and Orekhovo stations....
park and into the Orekhovo-Borisovo housing massifs. A flooded tunnel, however forced the new branch to close a day after and for the next two and a half months. In late 1985 the second stage was completed, and in all the line reached its present length of 36.9 kilometres with 20 stations and a daily passenger traffic of 1.8 million people.
The line's complex and inspiring history is mirrored in its architectural ensemble, particularly as it is one of the few places that it is possible to see the best of Soviet pre-war Art Deco
Art Deco
Art deco , or deco, is an eclectic artistic and design style that began in Paris in the 1920s and flourished internationally throughout the 1930s, into the World War II era. The style influenced all areas of design, including architecture and interior design, industrial design, fashion and...
architecture. In the spotlight before all other stations is Mayakovskaya, a station that is not only most-photographed in the network but is also common sight on covers of brochures and tour guides into Moscow's underground realm.
When the line first opened in 1938, to distinguish the simultaneous formation of the three lines instead of one, colour coding was introduced. The first one, the Sokolnicheskaya being Red, for mostly political reasons. However chronologically the Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya Line would have been second and was coloured blue, whilst the third one Zamoskvoretskaya was given green. However as part of the Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya Line was already in operation from the first stage, the significance of the Zamoskvoretskaya Line was far greater. As a result the line was listed second. This tradition has since been passed on in all ex-Soviet cities with the first line being Red and the second/third being either blue or green. However some metros, notably Minsk Metro
Minsk Metro
The Minsk Metro is a rapid-transit system that serves Minsk, the capital of Belarus. Opened in 1984, it presently consists of 2 lines and 25 stations totaling 30.3 kilometres...
chose to deliberately reverse the trend.
Timeline
| Segment | Date opened | Length |
|---|---|---|
| Sokol Sokol (Metro) Sokol is a Moscow Metro station on the Zamoskvoretskaya Line. The station opened on 11 September 1938. Designed by K. Yakovlev, V. Polikarpova, and V. Andreev, it features a single row of pillars which flare upward into the arched ceiling, separated by circular coffers... – Teatralnaya Teatralnaya Teatralnaya is an underground metro station on the Zamoskvoretskaya Line of the Moscow Metro, named for the nearby Teatralnaya Square, the location of numerous theaters, including the famed Bolshoi Theatre. The station is unique in that it does not have its own entrance halls... |
11 September 1938 | 8.5 kilometres (5.3 mi) |
| Teatralnaya Teatralnaya Teatralnaya is an underground metro station on the Zamoskvoretskaya Line of the Moscow Metro, named for the nearby Teatralnaya Square, the location of numerous theaters, including the famed Bolshoi Theatre. The station is unique in that it does not have its own entrance halls... – Avtozavodskaya |
1 January 1943 | 6.2 kilometres (3.9 mi) |
| Novokuznetskaya Novokuznetskaya Novokuznetskaya is a Moscow Metro station on the Zamoskvoretskaya Line.The station was opened on 20 November 1943.- History :Construction of the station began shortly after the launch of the second stage in 1938. Despite the World War II the station was opened on time. Later in 1978 the platform... , Paveletskaya Paveletskaya-Radialnaya Paveletskaya is a Moscow Metro station on the Zamoskvoretskaya Line. It was opened in 1943 and was designed by S.V. Lyashchenko and E.S. Demchenko. Paveletskaya features tall white marble pillars decorated with the hammer and sickle and a high, arched ceiling... |
20 November 1943 | N/A |
| Sokol Sokol (Metro) Sokol is a Moscow Metro station on the Zamoskvoretskaya Line. The station opened on 11 September 1938. Designed by K. Yakovlev, V. Polikarpova, and V. Andreev, it features a single row of pillars which flare upward into the arched ceiling, separated by circular coffers... – Rechnoy Vokzal |
30 December 1964 | 6.2 kilometres (3.9 mi) |
| Avtozavodskaya – Kakhovskaya | 11 August 1969 | 9.5 kilometres (5.9 mi) |
| Tverskaya Tverskaya (Metro) Tverskaya is a station on Moscow Metro's Zamoskvoretskaya Line. The station was originally planned to open in 1938 along with the rest of the Gorkovsky radius of the second stage of the Metro. However this was abandoned and a provision of a straight tunnel, with reinforced structure was left... |
20 July 1979 | N/A |
| Kashirskaya Kashirskaya Kashirskaya is a cross-platform station complex on the Moscow Metro. It was opened on 11 August 1969 as part of the Kakhovsky radius extension, and from 1983 was an interchange between the Kakhovskaya and the Orekhovskaya branches of the Zamoskvoretskaya Line... – Orekhovo |
28 December 1984 | 6.4 kilometres (4 mi) |
| Orekhovo – Krasnogvardeyskaya | 7 September 1985 | 3.4 kilometres (2.1 mi) |
| Kashirskaya Kashirskaya Kashirskaya is a cross-platform station complex on the Moscow Metro. It was opened on 11 August 1969 as part of the Kakhovsky radius extension, and from 1983 was an interchange between the Kakhovskaya and the Orekhovskaya branches of the Zamoskvoretskaya Line... – Kakhovskaya Kakhovskaya (Metro) Kakhovskaya is a station of the Moscow Metro's Kakhovskaya Line. It was opened on 11 August 1969 as the southern terminus of the Zamoskvoretskaya Line, and from 1983 until 1995 was the terminus of the Kahovskaya branch of this line... detached |
20 November 1995 | —3.4 kilometres (2.1 mi) |
| Total | 20 stations | 36.9 kilometres (22.9 mi) |
Name changes
| Station | Previous name(s) | Years |
|---|---|---|
| Tverskaya Tverskaya (Metro) Tverskaya is a station on Moscow Metro's Zamoskvoretskaya Line. The station was originally planned to open in 1938 along with the rest of the Gorkovsky radius of the second stage of the Metro. However this was abandoned and a provision of a straight tunnel, with reinforced structure was left... |
Gorkovskaya | 1979-1990 |
| Teatralnaya Teatralnaya Teatralnaya is an underground metro station on the Zamoskvoretskaya Line of the Moscow Metro, named for the nearby Teatralnaya Square, the location of numerous theaters, including the famed Bolshoi Theatre. The station is unique in that it does not have its own entrance halls... |
Ploshchad Sverdlova | 1938-1990 |
| Avtozavodskaya | Zavod Imeni Stalina | 1943-1957 |
| Tsaritsyno | Lenino | 1983-1990 |
Transfers
| # | Transfer to | At |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Sokolnicheskaya Line Sokolnicheskaya Line The Sokolnicheskaya Line is the first line of the Moscow Metro, dating back to 1935 when the system opened. Presently the line has 19 stations with a total of of track... |
Teatralnaya Teatralnaya Teatralnaya is an underground metro station on the Zamoskvoretskaya Line of the Moscow Metro, named for the nearby Teatralnaya Square, the location of numerous theaters, including the famed Bolshoi Theatre. The station is unique in that it does not have its own entrance halls... |
| 3 | Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya Line Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya Line The Arbatsko–Pokrovskaya Line is a line of the Moscow Metro. Chronologically the second to open, now it connects with the district of Mitino and town of Krasnogorsk to the northwest of Moscow with the east of the Russian capital passing through the city centre... |
Teatralnaya Teatralnaya Teatralnaya is an underground metro station on the Zamoskvoretskaya Line of the Moscow Metro, named for the nearby Teatralnaya Square, the location of numerous theaters, including the famed Bolshoi Theatre. The station is unique in that it does not have its own entrance halls... |
| 5 | Koltsevaya Line Koltsevaya Line The Koltsevaya Line , , is a railway line of the Moscow Metro. The line was built in 1950-1954 encircling the central Moscow, and became crucial to the transfer patterns of passengers.... |
Belorusskaya Belorusskaya-Radialnaya Belorusskaya is a Moscow Metro station on the Zamoskvoretskaya Line. Designed by architects Ivan Taranov and Nadezhda Bykova, it was opened in 1938 as part of the second stage of the Moscow Metro... , Paveletskaya Paveletskaya-Radialnaya Paveletskaya is a Moscow Metro station on the Zamoskvoretskaya Line. It was opened in 1943 and was designed by S.V. Lyashchenko and E.S. Demchenko. Paveletskaya features tall white marble pillars decorated with the hammer and sickle and a high, arched ceiling... |
| 6 | Kaluzhsko-Rizhskaya Line Kaluzhsko-Rizhskaya Line The Kaluzhsko–Rizhskaya Line is a line of the Moscow Metro, that originally existed as two separate radial lines, Rizhskaya and Kaluzhskaya opened in 1958 and 1962, respectively. Only in 1971 were they united into a single line as the central section connecting the stations Oktyabrskaya to Prospekt... |
Novokuznetskaya Novokuznetskaya Novokuznetskaya is a Moscow Metro station on the Zamoskvoretskaya Line.The station was opened on 20 November 1943.- History :Construction of the station began shortly after the launch of the second stage in 1938. Despite the World War II the station was opened on time. Later in 1978 the platform... |
| 7 | Tagansko-Krasnopresnenskaya Line Tagansko-Krasnopresnenskaya Line The Tagansko-Krasnopresnenskaya is the busiest line of the Moscow Metro... |
Tverskaya |
| 8 | Kalininskaya Line Kalininskaya Line The Kalininskaya Line is a line of the Moscow Metro. It was opened as the eastwards Perovo radius lines in 1979 and presently has 7 stations.-History:... |
Novokuznetskaya Novokuznetskaya Novokuznetskaya is a Moscow Metro station on the Zamoskvoretskaya Line.The station was opened on 20 November 1943.- History :Construction of the station began shortly after the launch of the second stage in 1938. Despite the World War II the station was opened on time. Later in 1978 the platform... |
| 9 | Serpukhovsko-Timiryazevskaya Line Serpukhovsko-Timiryazevskaya Line Serpukhovsko–Timiryazevskaya Line , sometimes colloquially referred to as Grey Line , is a line of the Moscow Metro. Originally opened in 1983, it was extended throughout the 1980s and early 90s and again in the early 2000s... |
Tverskaya |
| 10 | Lyublinsko-Dmitrovskaya Line | Zyablikovo # |
| 11 | Kakhovskaya Line Kakhovskaya Line Kakhovskaya Line is a line of the Moscow Metro. Although the line was formed in 1995, all of the stations date to 1969 when they opened as part of the Zamoskvoretskaya Line. The Kakhovskaya Line is the only conventional line that lacks a full transfer to the ring... |
Kashirskaya Kashirskaya Kashirskaya is a cross-platform station complex on the Moscow Metro. It was opened on 11 August 1969 as part of the Kakhovsky radius extension, and from 1983 was an interchange between the Kakhovskaya and the Orekhovskaya branches of the Zamoskvoretskaya Line... |
The Kashirskaya transfer is a cross-platform one.
# Note: this transfer will be open in the end of 2011 year.
Rolling stock
The line is served by the Sokol (No 2) and Zamoskvoretskoe (No 7) depots to which, respectively, 39 and 36 eight-carriage are assigned. The line began receiving 81-714/717 trains in 1980, replacing older E types in a programme which was finished in 1987. Some of these were upgraded to the .5 standard. When the Kakhovskaya branch separated from the main line, seven six-carriage trains were formed for it at the Zamoskvoretskoe depot.Recent events and future plans
Today the line features a combination of stations that were built during different periods and some rebuilt since. Also it is one of the busiest in the system and for some stations, that are almost 70 years old clearly show their age. Improvement works have been carried out several times throughout history, but in recent times their emphasis has grown. BelorusskayaBelorusskaya-Radialnaya
Belorusskaya is a Moscow Metro station on the Zamoskvoretskaya Line. Designed by architects Ivan Taranov and Nadezhda Bykova, it was opened in 1938 as part of the second stage of the Moscow Metro...
was recently subjected to an extensive facelift reconstruction on replacement of its old ceramic walls with new marble ones. The world famous Mayakovskaya station following the opening of the second exit in 2005 had its original vestibule closed for replacement of escalators. It is expected that additional reconstruction will be done on 1960s "centepede" stations including the replacement of old ceramic tiles with aluminium planes.
In addition to that there are several extension plans. One of which is Brateyevo
Brateyevo (Metro)
Alma-Atinskaya is a future southern terminus station of the Zamoskvoretskaya Line of the Moscow Metro. The station is scheduled to be opened in 2012, maybe along with a train depot...
to the south, would feature a station and a new depot. Although the construction began in late 1990s, works are presently frozen for financial reasons. A northern extension is presently awaiting approval for two stations Belomorskaya and Ulitsa Dybenko with a potential of continuing into the adjacent Moscow Oblast
Moscow Oblast
Moscow Oblast , or Podmoskovye , is a federal subject of Russia . Its area, at , is relatively small compared to other federal subjects, but it is one of the most densely populated regions in the country and, with the 2010 population of 7,092,941, is the second most populous federal subject...
's town of Khimki
Khimki
Khimki is a city in Moscow Oblast, Russia, situated just northwest of Moscow, at the west bank of the Moscow Canal. Population: 207,125 ; 141,000 ; 106,000 ; 23,000 .-History:...
.
When the line was built several areas were left with a straight tunnel provision for potential future built in of new stations. One of which was Gorkovskaya (now Tverskaya
Tverskaya (Metro)
Tverskaya is a station on Moscow Metro's Zamoskvoretskaya Line. The station was originally planned to open in 1938 along with the rest of the Gorkovsky radius of the second stage of the Metro. However this was abandoned and a provision of a straight tunnel, with reinforced structure was left...
) between Mayakovskaya and Teatralnaya, which was opened in 1979. However several more remain: Sovetskaya between Tverskaya and Teatralnaya, Bega between Dinamo and Belorusskaya, Veshnyadsky Pereulok between Novokuznetskaya and Paveletskaya and Moskvorechye (also referred to as Vasilyevsky Spusk) between Teatralnaya and Novokuznetskaya. The latter provision stands the highest chance of being developed as the vacant space caused by demolition of the Rossiya Hotel
Rossiya Hotel
The Rossiya Hotel was a large hotel built in Moscow from 1964 until 1967 at the order of the Soviet government. Construction used the existing foundations of a cancelled skyscraper project, the Zaryadye Administrative Building, which would have been the eighth of what is now referred to as the...
is likely to be filled with new office buildings and hotels.
In addition to the provisions, another station was recently approved to be built on the surface level track between Avtozavodskaya and Kolomenskaya. The provisional names were Nagatinsky Zaton or Prospekt Andropova, although the name Tekhnopark has been selected.