Yunus Nadi Abalioglu
Encyclopedia
Yunus Nadi Abalıoğlu was a renowned Turkish
journalist
and founder of the newspaper Cumhuriyet
.
Yunus Nadi was born in 1879 in the Seydiler village of the south Aegean town Fethiye
. After primary school in Fethiye, he was schooled on Rhodes
. Later on, Yunus Nadi moved to Istanbul
, where he graduated from the Galatasaray High School. He then graduated from the Istanbul University
with a degree in Law.
Yunus Nadi started to work as a journalist at the newspaper "Malumat" in 1900. He was only 22 years old when he was sentenced to a three-years prison and exile due to an article he wrote in 1901. Until the proclamation of the Second Constitutional Monarchy
in 1908, he lived in Fethiye. Returning to Istanbul, Yunus Nadi joined the newspaper "İkdam ve Tasvir-i Efkar". In 1910 he became editor-in-chief of the newspaper "Rumeli" in Thessaloniki
published by the Committee for Union and Progress
party.
At the age of 32, he was elected Deputy of Aydın into the Ottoman Parliament in Istanbul in 1912 and was reelected for another five-years term in 1914.
The literary Yunus Nadi Prize competition, which is "the oldest surviving literary competition" in Turkey, has been named to his name and memorial.
to the rest of the world. Yunus Nadi founded the newspaper "Yeni Gün". Despite censorship and pressures from the invading forces, he continued to support Mustafa Kemal
's independence movement, which was set up on May 19, 1919 in Samsun
. After the invasion of Istanbul by the British
, French
, Italian
and Greek
forces on November 13, 1918, Parliament banned him. He fled to Ankara
in order to escape arrest.
Yunus Nadi was welcomed by Mustafa Kemal with great enthusiasm on April 2, 1920. He started to publish his newspaper "Yeni Gün" again on August 9, 1920 in Ankara. The printing machine used in Istanbul was dismantled and smuggled into Ankara in separated parts. Members of his family also followed Yunus Nadi to Ankara.
Yunus Nadi established the news agency "Anadolu Ajansı
" together with Halide Edip
. Meanwhile, he was elected a member of the newly formed Turkish Grand National Assembly as Deputy of İzmir. His newspaper had to be moved to Kayseri
because of the nearing Greek forces to Ankara during the Battle of Sakarya
.
During the summer months of 1923, newspapers in Istanbul were sharply against the proclamation of republic. Yunus Nadi was working very closely with Mustafa Kemal and was the head of the parliament commission, which was working on the new constitution. On October 29, 1923 Yunus Nadi read the new constitution in parliament after the proclamation of the republic.
on January 5, 1924 without success. These newspapers intensified their negative attitudes instead and attacked openly the regime in Ankara. This led Mustafa Kemal to commission Yunus Nadi to establish a new newspaper in Istanbul, to propagate and defend the principles of the republic and the democracy against the monarchy and the caliphate
. The preparations continued until the end of April 1924 and the first issue of the newspaper was published on May 7, 1924. The newspaper was named "Cumhuriyet" (literally republic in Turkish
) by Mustafa Kemal. "Cumhuriyet" has a current circulation of approximately 38,000 copies, and is a left-wing publicagion
Yunus Nadi, who took the family name Abalıoğlu, owned the newspaper and was editor-in-chief until his death on March 28, 1945 in a hospital in Geneva
, Switzerland
. The newspaper was owned later on by his eldest son Nadir Nadi and then by Nadir Nadi's wife Berin. Currently, the foundation "Cumhuriyet Vakfı" is the publisher.
His remains
were brought to Istanbul and buried at the Edirnekapı Martyr's Cemetery
.
Turkey
Turkey , known officially as the Republic of Turkey , is a Eurasian country located in Western Asia and in East Thrace in Southeastern Europe...
journalist
Journalist
A journalist collects and distributes news and other information. A journalist's work is referred to as journalism.A reporter is a type of journalist who researchs, writes, and reports on information to be presented in mass media, including print media , electronic media , and digital media A...
and founder of the newspaper Cumhuriyet
Cumhuriyet
Cumhuriyet is a centre-left Turkish daily newspaper, founded on May 7, 1924 by journalist Yunus Nadi Abalıoğlu. Based in Istanbul, it has been situated since October 17, 2005 in Mecidiyeköy. Cumhuriyet was the last newspaper to leave the old press district Cağaloğlu...
.
Yunus Nadi was born in 1879 in the Seydiler village of the south Aegean town Fethiye
Fethiye
Fethiye is a city and district of Muğla Province in the Aegean region of Turkey with about 68,000 inhabitants .-History:...
. After primary school in Fethiye, he was schooled on Rhodes
Rhodes
Rhodes is an island in Greece, located in the eastern Aegean Sea. It is the largest of the Dodecanese islands in terms of both land area and population, with a population of 117,007, and also the island group's historical capital. Administratively the island forms a separate municipality within...
. Later on, Yunus Nadi moved to Istanbul
Istanbul
Istanbul , historically known as Byzantium and Constantinople , is the largest city of Turkey. Istanbul metropolitan province had 13.26 million people living in it as of December, 2010, which is 18% of Turkey's population and the 3rd largest metropolitan area in Europe after London and...
, where he graduated from the Galatasaray High School. He then graduated from the Istanbul University
Istanbul University
Istanbul University is a Turkish university located in Istanbul. The main campus is adjacent to Beyazıt Square.- Synopsis :A madrasa, a religious school, was established sometime in the 15th century after the Ottoman conquest of Constantinople. An institution of higher education named the...
with a degree in Law.
Yunus Nadi started to work as a journalist at the newspaper "Malumat" in 1900. He was only 22 years old when he was sentenced to a three-years prison and exile due to an article he wrote in 1901. Until the proclamation of the Second Constitutional Monarchy
Constitutional monarchy
Constitutional monarchy is a form of government in which a monarch acts as head of state within the parameters of a constitution, whether it be a written, uncodified or blended constitution...
in 1908, he lived in Fethiye. Returning to Istanbul, Yunus Nadi joined the newspaper "İkdam ve Tasvir-i Efkar". In 1910 he became editor-in-chief of the newspaper "Rumeli" in Thessaloniki
Thessaloniki
Thessaloniki , historically also known as Thessalonica, Salonika or Salonica, is the second-largest city in Greece and the capital of the region of Central Macedonia as well as the capital of the Decentralized Administration of Macedonia and Thrace...
published by the Committee for Union and Progress
Young Turks
The Young Turks , from French: Les Jeunes Turcs) were a coalition of various groups favouring reformation of the administration of the Ottoman Empire. The movement was against the absolute monarchy of the Ottoman Sultan and favoured a re-installation of the short-lived Kanûn-ı Esâsî constitution...
party.
At the age of 32, he was elected Deputy of Aydın into the Ottoman Parliament in Istanbul in 1912 and was reelected for another five-years term in 1914.
The literary Yunus Nadi Prize competition, which is "the oldest surviving literary competition" in Turkey, has been named to his name and memorial.
Turkish War of Independence
"Yeni Gün" was the only media to covered the Turkish War of IndependenceTurkish War of Independence
The Turkish War of Independence was a war of independence waged by Turkish nationalists against the Allies, after the country was partitioned by the Allies following the Ottoman Empire's defeat in World War I...
to the rest of the world. Yunus Nadi founded the newspaper "Yeni Gün". Despite censorship and pressures from the invading forces, he continued to support Mustafa Kemal
Mustafa Kemal Atatürk
Mustafa Kemal Atatürk was an Ottoman and Turkish army officer, revolutionary statesman, writer, and the first President of Turkey. He is credited with being the founder of the Republic of Turkey....
's independence movement, which was set up on May 19, 1919 in Samsun
Samsun
Samsun is a city of about half a million people on the north coast of Turkey. It is the provincial capital of Samsun Province and a major Black Sea port.-Name:...
. After the invasion of Istanbul by the British
Great Britain
Great Britain or Britain is an island situated to the northwest of Continental Europe. It is the ninth largest island in the world, and the largest European island, as well as the largest of the British Isles...
, French
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
, Italian
Italy
Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
and Greek
Greece
Greece , officially the Hellenic Republic , and historically Hellas or the Republic of Greece in English, is a country in southeastern Europe....
forces on November 13, 1918, Parliament banned him. He fled to Ankara
Ankara
Ankara is the capital of Turkey and the country's second largest city after Istanbul. The city has a mean elevation of , and as of 2010 the metropolitan area in the entire Ankara Province had a population of 4.4 million....
in order to escape arrest.
Yunus Nadi was welcomed by Mustafa Kemal with great enthusiasm on April 2, 1920. He started to publish his newspaper "Yeni Gün" again on August 9, 1920 in Ankara. The printing machine used in Istanbul was dismantled and smuggled into Ankara in separated parts. Members of his family also followed Yunus Nadi to Ankara.
Yunus Nadi established the news agency "Anadolu Ajansı
Anadolu Agency
Anadolu Agency is the Turkish state news agency commissioned with producing news releases pertaining to the country.The agency was set up on April 6, 1920 by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk during the Turkish War of Independence, and is the biggest news agency of Turkey....
" together with Halide Edip
Halide Edip Adivar
Halide Edip Adıvar or Halide Edib Adivar was a Turkish novelist and feminist political leader...
. Meanwhile, he was elected a member of the newly formed Turkish Grand National Assembly as Deputy of İzmir. His newspaper had to be moved to Kayseri
Kayseri
Kayseri is a large and industrialized city in Central Anatolia, Turkey. It is the seat of Kayseri Province. The city of Kayseri, as defined by the boundaries of Kayseri Metropolitan Municipality, is structurally composed of five metropolitan districts, the two core districts of Kocasinan and...
because of the nearing Greek forces to Ankara during the Battle of Sakarya
Battle of Sakarya
The Battle of Sakarya , also known as the Battle of the Sangarios , was an important engagement in the Greco-Turkish War and Turkish War of Independence....
.
During the summer months of 1923, newspapers in Istanbul were sharply against the proclamation of republic. Yunus Nadi was working very closely with Mustafa Kemal and was the head of the parliament commission, which was working on the new constitution. On October 29, 1923 Yunus Nadi read the new constitution in parliament after the proclamation of the republic.
Republican period
Mustafa Kemal tried to convince some mild representatives of opposing newspapers of Istanbul in a meeting held in İzmirIzmir
Izmir is a large metropolis in the western extremity of Anatolia. The metropolitan area in the entire Izmir Province had a population of 3.35 million as of 2010, making the city third most populous in Turkey...
on January 5, 1924 without success. These newspapers intensified their negative attitudes instead and attacked openly the regime in Ankara. This led Mustafa Kemal to commission Yunus Nadi to establish a new newspaper in Istanbul, to propagate and defend the principles of the republic and the democracy against the monarchy and the caliphate
Caliphate
The term caliphate, "dominion of a caliph " , refers to the first system of government established in Islam and represented the political unity of the Muslim Ummah...
. The preparations continued until the end of April 1924 and the first issue of the newspaper was published on May 7, 1924. The newspaper was named "Cumhuriyet" (literally republic in Turkish
Turkish language
Turkish is a language spoken as a native language by over 83 million people worldwide, making it the most commonly spoken of the Turkic languages. Its speakers are located predominantly in Turkey and Northern Cyprus with smaller groups in Iraq, Greece, Bulgaria, the Republic of Macedonia, Kosovo,...
) by Mustafa Kemal. "Cumhuriyet" has a current circulation of approximately 38,000 copies, and is a left-wing publicagion
Yunus Nadi, who took the family name Abalıoğlu, owned the newspaper and was editor-in-chief until his death on March 28, 1945 in a hospital in Geneva
Geneva
Geneva In the national languages of Switzerland the city is known as Genf , Ginevra and Genevra is the second-most-populous city in Switzerland and is the most populous city of Romandie, the French-speaking part of Switzerland...
, Switzerland
Switzerland
Switzerland name of one of the Swiss cantons. ; ; ; or ), in its full name the Swiss Confederation , is a federal republic consisting of 26 cantons, with Bern as the seat of the federal authorities. The country is situated in Western Europe,Or Central Europe depending on the definition....
. The newspaper was owned later on by his eldest son Nadir Nadi and then by Nadir Nadi's wife Berin. Currently, the foundation "Cumhuriyet Vakfı" is the publisher.
His remains
were brought to Istanbul and buried at the Edirnekapı Martyr's Cemetery
Edirnekapi Martyr's Cemetery
The Edirnekapı Martyr's Cemetery is a burial ground located in the European part of Istanbul, Turkey. It consists of an old, historical part and a modern one....
.